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Fedotova JO. Vitamin D 3 treatment differentially affects anxiety-like behavior in the old ovariectomized female rats and old ovariectomized female rats treated with low dose of 17β-estradiol. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:49. [PMID: 30967121 PMCID: PMC6454671 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen deficiency effects on affective-related behavior are restricted to certain periods of age after ovary removal. Among other nutraceuticals, one of such «natural» substances for treatment of affective-related diseases could be vitamin D3. It is a great interest to evaluate the effects of repeated cholecalciferol administration on anxiety-related behavior in the old female rats with long-term estrogen deficiency. The present study was performed to determine the behavioral effects of cholecalciferol treatment at different doses as an adjunctive therapy alone or in a combination with low dose of 17β-estradiol on anxiety-like behavior of the old (16-18 months) female rats at 12 weeks after ovariectomy. METHODS Vitamin D3 supplementation individually (as cholecalciferol at doses of 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or in co-administration with of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2, 0.5 μg/rat, s.c.) were given to the old ovariectomized (OVX) rats at 12 weeks after ovariectomy. Anxiety-related state was tested in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and light-dark test (LDT), as well behavioral reactivity was registered in the open field test (OFT). Moreover, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in the blood serum of these OVX rats treated with Vitamin D3 or Vitamin D3 plus 17β-E2 were measured. RESULTS The results of the present study indicated that Vitamin D3 supplementation at dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day decreased manifestations of anxiety-like profile in the old OVX rats. Treatment with Vitamin D3 (1.0 mg/kg/day) plus 17β-E2 in resulted in more profound anxiolytic-like effects the old OVX rats than effects of both drugs administered alone. Moreover, treatment with cholecalciferol (1.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) in the old ovariectomized rats after ovariectomy at 12 weeks produced elevated estradiol and 25-OH-VD3 levels for these rats as compared to the old OVX females treated with oil solvent. CONCLUSIONS Using the preclinical study, chronic cholecalciferol, 17β-E2 and their combination treatment were shown to be effective for anxiety-like treatment in the old subjects with long-term estrogen deficiency.
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Schnatz PF, Jiang X, Aragaki AK, Nudy M, O'Sullivan DM, Williams M, LeBlanc ES, Martin LW, Manson JE, Shikany JM, Johnson KC, Stefanick ML, Payne ME, Cauley JA, Howard BV, Robbins J. Effects of Calcium, Vitamin D, and Hormone Therapy on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in the Women's Health Initiative: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Obstet Gynecol 2017; 129:121-129. [PMID: 27926633 PMCID: PMC5177479 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000001774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the treatment effect of calcium+vitamin D supplementation, hormone therapy, both, and neither on cardiovascular disease risk factors. METHODS We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among Women's Health Initiative (WHI) participants. The predefined primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). RESULTS Between September 1993 and October 1998, a total of 68,132 women aged 50-79 years were recruited and randomized to the WHI-Dietary Modification (n=48,835) and WHI-Hormone Therapy trials (n=27,347). Subsequently, 36,282 women from WHI-Hormone Therapy (16,089) and WHI-Dietary Modification (n=25,210) trials were randomized in the WHI-Calcium+Vitamin D trial to 1,000 mg elemental calcium carbonate plus 400 international units vitamin D3 daily or placebo. Our study group included 1,521 women who participated in both the hormone therapy and calcium+vitamin D trials and were in the 6% subsample of trial participants with blood sample collections at baseline and years 1, 3, and 6. The average treatment effect with 95% confidence interval, for LDL-C, compared with placebo, was -1.6, (95% confidence interval [CI] -5.5 to 2.2) mg/dL for calcium+vitamin D alone, -9.0 (95% CI -13.0 to -5.1) mg/dL for hormone therapy alone, and -13.8 (95% CI -17.8 to -9.8) mg/dL for the combination. There was no evidence of a synergistic effect of calcium+vitamin D+hormone therapy on LDL-C (P value for interaction=.26) except in those with low total intakes of vitamin D, for whom there was a significant synergistic effect on LDL (P value for interaction=.03). CONCLUSION Reductions in LDL-C were greater among women randomized to both calcium+vitamin D and hormone therapy than for those randomized to either intervention alone or to placebo. The treatment effect observed in the calcium+vitamin D+hormone therapy combination group may be additive rather than synergistic. For clinicians and patients deciding to begin calcium+vitamin D supplementation, current use of hormone therapy should not influence that decision. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00000611.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Schnatz
- Department of ObGyn, Reading Hospital; Reading, PA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reading Hospital; Reading, PA
- Department of ObGyn, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xuezhi Jiang
- Department of ObGyn, Reading Hospital; Reading, PA
- Department of ObGyn, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, PA
| | - Aaron K. Aragaki
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Matthew Nudy
- Department of ObGyn, Reading Hospital; Reading, PA
- Department of ObGyn, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Erin S. LeBlanc
- Center for Health Research NW, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Lisa W. Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - James M. Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Karen C. Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Marcia L. Stefanick
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Martha E. Payne
- Office of Research Development, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Jane A. Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health; Pittsburgh PA
| | - Barbara V. Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute and Georgetown/Howard Universities center for clinical and translational Science
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Spectral response in reversing coronary artery atherosclerosis with vitamin D supplementation in postmenopausal cynomolgus monkeys. Menopause 2016; 23:475-6. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ziegler TE, Kapoor A, Hedman CJ, Binkley N, Kemnitz JW. Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(2&3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(2&3) by tandem mass spectrometry: A primate multispecies comparison. Am J Primatol 2015; 77:801-10. [PMID: 25845705 PMCID: PMC4481142 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D metabolites are widely studied for their roles in bone health, immune functions, and other potential physiologic roles in humans. However, the optimal blood levels of vitamin D metabolites are still unclear. Various methods for measuring vitamin D metabolites have been used and recently liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) has been adopted as the gold standard for vitamin D metabolite measurement. Here, we report the use of LC-MS/MS to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D(2&3)), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D(2&3)), in three laboratory nonhuman primate species: common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), and cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis), and compare them to humans using the same technique. The nonhuman primates showed blood levels for 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly higher than human values with marmosets having the highest levels. Marmoset samples showed significantly more variability among individuals than those from macaques for both metabolites, but all three nonhuman primate species exhibited large variation within species for both 25(OH)D(2&3) and 1,25(OH)2D(2&3). Marmoset females had significantly lower values than the males for 25(OH)D3, while rhesus males showed a significant decrease in 25(OH)D3 with age. The most striking finding is the variation within species for vitamin D levels even in laboratory primates that have a controlled diet, UV exposure, and in some cases, genetic constraints. Similar variation in 25(OH)D responses to a fixed dose of oral vitamin D supplementation has been reported in humans. We suggest that these species can provide primate models for examining the factors influencing variation in the levels of vitamin D necessary for human and nonhuman primate health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni E Ziegler
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Amita Kapoor
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Curtis J Hedman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Neil Binkley
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Joseph W Kemnitz
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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Schnatz PF, Jiang X, Vila-Wright S, Aragaki AK, Nudy M, O’Sullivan DM, Jackson R, LeBlanc E, Robinson JG, Shikany JM, Womack CR, Martin LW, Neuhouser ML, Vitolins MZ, Song Y, Kritchevsky S, Manson JE. Calcium/vitamin D supplementation, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and cholesterol profiles in the Women's Health Initiative calcium/vitamin D randomized trial. Menopause 2014; 21:823-33. [PMID: 24594863 PMCID: PMC5234488 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate whether increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) concentrations, in response to calcium/vitamin D (CaD) supplementation, are associated with improved lipids in postmenopausal women. METHODS The parent trial was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial designed to test the effects of CaD supplementation (1,000 mg of elemental calcium + 400 IU of vitamin D3 daily) versus placebo in postmenopausal women. Women from the general community, including multiple sites in the United States, were enrolled between 1993 and 1998. This cohort included 300 white, 200 African-American, and 100 Hispanic participants who were randomly selected from the Women's Health Initiative CaD trial. Serum 25OHD3 and lipid (fasting plasma triglycerides [TG], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]) levels were assessed before and after CaD randomization. RESULTS There was a 38% increase in mean serum 25OHD3 concentrations after 2 years (95% CI, 1.29-1.47, P < 0.001) for women randomized to CaD (24.3 ng/mL postrandomization mean) compared with placebo (18.2 ng/mL). Women randomized to CaD had a 4.46-mg/dL mean decrease in LDL-C (P = 0.03). Higher concentrations of 25OHD3 were associated with higher HDL-C levels (P = 0.003), along with lower LDL-C and TG levels (P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Supplemental CaD significantly increases 25OHD3 concentrations and decreases LDL-C. Women with higher 25OHD3 concentrations have more favorable lipid profiles, including increased HDL-C, lower LDL-C, and lower TG. These results support the hypothesis that higher concentrations of 25OHD3, in response to CaD supplementation, are associated with improved LDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Schnatz
- Department of ObGyn, The Reading Hospital; Reading, PA
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Reading Hospital; Reading, PA
- Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Department of ObGyn, Philadelphia, PA
- Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Internal Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xuezhi Jiang
- Department of ObGyn, The Reading Hospital; Reading, PA
| | | | - Aaron K. Aragaki
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA
| | - Matthew Nudy
- Department of ObGyn, The Reading Hospital; Reading, PA
- Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Department of ObGyn, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Rebecca Jackson
- The Ohio State University, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Columbus, OH
| | - Erin LeBlanc
- Kaiser Permanente, Center for Health Research NW, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - James M. Shikany
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Lisa W. Martin
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Washington, DC
| | - Marian L. Neuhouser
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA
| | - Mara Z. Vitolins
- Wake Forest University; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Yiqing Song
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Boston MA
| | | | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Boston MA
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Zanni PC, Negri M, Salci TP, Bonfim-Mendonça PDS, Kioshima ES, Svidzinski TI, Consolaro ME. Animal models for the effective development of atrophic vaginitis therapies: possibilities and limitations. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:269-81. [PMID: 24397873 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.877883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaginal atrophy (VA) is an inflammation of the vagina that develops when there is a significant decrease in levels of the estrogen. Prolonged periods of hypoestrogenism may induce severe VA and treatment is essential. This is a significant problem which requires more focused attention for the development of existing and future therapies. AREAS COVERED This review evaluates the suitable animal models of VA, including: mice, rodents and non-human primates. It focuses particularly on the possibilities and limitations of these in vivo models for the effective development of VA therapies. EXPERT OPINION Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been prescribed and successfully used for VA. However, some studies have shown that HRT may be linked to an increased risk of breast cancer, coronary heart diseases and others risks. Thus, there is a growing interest in effective and safe alternatives to VA symptoms. There are, however, a number of things that must be considered for future drug discovery efforts. One major consideration is what animal model should be used and whether the model is appropriate for the study aim. Similarly, research studies must also consider the influencing factors on these animal models, so that these models can effectively mimic the actual disease. The authors also highlight the need to standardize research parameters to produce more reliable and reproducible data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Cmd Zanni
- State University of Maringá, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine , Maringá , Brazil
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Park CY, Weaver CM. Vitamin D interactions with soy isoflavones on bone after menopause: a review. Nutrients 2012; 4:1610-21. [PMID: 23201836 PMCID: PMC3509509 DOI: 10.3390/nu4111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is known to increase Ca absorption in adults. However, the threshold vitamin D status to benefit Ca absorption is lower than the target vitamin D status for higher bone mineral density and lower fracture risk, pointing to another pathway for vitamin D to benefit bone. One possibility is by affecting osteoblast and osteoclasts directly. Vitamin D-related bone metabolism may also be affected by soy isoflavones, which selectively bind to the estrogen receptor β and may reduce bone loss in postmenopausal women. We discuss a possible synergistic effect of soy isoflavones and vitamin D on bone by affecting osteoblast and osteoclast formation and activity in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Y Park
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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