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Hoff E, Rutledge R, Gibson BA, Price CR, Gallagher C, Maurer K, Meyer JP. Preexposure Prophylaxis for Women Across the Criminal Justice System: Implications for Policy and Practice. JOURNAL OF CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE 2022; 28:22-31. [PMID: 34762498 PMCID: PMC8825570 DOI: 10.1089/jchc.19.11.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Data that inform preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) implementation for women involved in criminal justice (WICJ) systems are scarce. In a survey of PrEP attitudes, acceptability, and barriers across the criminal justice system, incarcerated women (n = 48) were more likely than WICJ on probation (n = 125) to be eligible for PrEP (29% vs. 15%; p = .04) and willing to take PrEP if offered (94% vs. 78%; p = .01). In multivariate models, PrEP eligibility directly correlated with being incarcerated (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.76-13.1) and inversely correlated with Hispanic/Latina ethnicity (aOR 0.31; 95% CI 0.10-0.96). Recent partner violence exposure was associated with PrEP eligibility (aOR 3.29; 95% CI 1.54-7.02) and discordant risk perception (aOR 2.36; 95% CI 1.18-4.70). Findings demonstrate high potential for PrEP for all WICJ, though implementation efforts will need to address partner violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Hoff
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ronnye Rutledge
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Britton A. Gibson
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Colleen Gallagher
- Health and Addiction Services Quality Improvement Program, Connecticut Department of Correction, Wethersfield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kathleen Maurer
- Health and Addiction Services Quality Improvement Program, Connecticut Department of Correction, Wethersfield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jaimie P. Meyer
- AIDS Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,*Address correspondence to: Jaimie P. Meyer, MD, AIDS Program, Yale School of Medicine, 135 College Street, Suite 323 New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Chimoyi L, Hoffmann CJ, Hausler H, Ndini P, Rabothata I, Daniels-Felix D, Olivier AJ, Fielding K, Charalambous S, Chetty-Makkan CM. HIV-related stigma and uptake of antiretroviral treatment among incarcerated individuals living with HIV/AIDS in South African correctional settings: A mixed methods analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254975. [PMID: 34329311 PMCID: PMC8323907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stigma affects engagement with HIV healthcare services. We investigated the prevalence and experience of stigma among incarcerated people living with HIV (PLHIV) in selected South African correctional settings during roll-out of universal test and treat. Methods A cross-sectional mixed-methods study design included 219 incarcerated PLHIV and 30 in-depth interviews were conducted with four different types of PLHIV. HIV-related stigma was assessed through survey self-reporting and during the interviews. A descriptive analysis of HIV-related stigma was presented, supplemented with a thematic analysis of the interview transcripts. Results ART uptake was high (n = 198, 90.4%) and most reported HIV-related stigma (n = 192, 87.7%). The intersectional stigma occurring due to individual and structural stigma around provision of healthcare in these settings mostly contributed to perceived stigma through involuntary disclosure of HIV status. Interpersonal and intrapersonal factors led to negative coping behaviours. However, positive self-coping strategies and relationships with staff encouraged sustained engagement in care. Conclusion We encourage continuous peer support to reduce stigmatization of those infected with HIV and whose status may be disclosed inadvertently in the universal test and treat era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Chimoyi
- Implementation Research Division, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa
- * E-mail:
| | - Christopher J. Hoffmann
- Implementation Research Division, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Pretty Ndini
- Implementation Research Division, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Israel Rabothata
- Implementation Research Division, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Katherine Fielding
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Salome Charalambous
- Implementation Research Division, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Candice M. Chetty-Makkan
- Implementation Research Division, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Friedman EE, Dean HD, Duffus WA. Incorporation of Social Determinants of Health in the Peer-Reviewed Literature: A Systematic Review of Articles Authored by the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention. Public Health Rep 2018; 133:392-412. [PMID: 29874147 DOI: 10.1177/0033354918774788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social determinants of health (SDHs) are the complex, structural, and societal factors that are responsible for most health inequities. Since 2003, the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) has researched how SDHs place communities at risk for communicable diseases and poor adolescent health. We described the frequency and types of SDHs discussed in articles authored by NCHHSTP. METHODS We used the MEDLINE/PubMed search engine to systematically review the frequency and type of SDHs that appeared in peer-reviewed publications available in PubMed from January 1, 2009, through December 31, 2014, with a NCHHSTP affiliation. We chose search terms to identify articles with a focus on the following SDH categories: income and employment, housing and homelessness, education and schooling, stigma or discrimination, social or community context, health and health care, and neighborhood or built environment. We classified articles based on the depth of topic coverage as "substantial" (ie, one of ≤3 foci of the article) or "minimal" (ie, one of ≥4 foci of the article). RESULTS Of 862 articles authored by NCHHSTP, 366 (42%) addressed the SDH factors of interest. Some articles addressed >1 SDH factor (366 articles appeared 568 times across the 7 categories examined), and we examined them for each category that they addressed. Most articles that addressed SDHs (449/568 articles; 79%) had a minimal SDH focus. SDH categories that were most represented in the literature were health and health care (190/568 articles; 33%) and education and schooling (118/568 articles; 21%). CONCLUSIONS This assessment serves as a baseline measurement of inclusion of SDH topics from NCHHSTP authors in the literature and creates a methodology that can be used in future assessments of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor E Friedman
- 1 Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health/CDC Public Health Fellowship Program, Atlanta, GA, USA.,2 Office of Health Equity, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.,3 Chicago Center for HIV Elimination and University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hazel D Dean
- 4 Office of the Director, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wayne A Duffus
- 2 Office of Health Equity, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Sprague C, Scanlon ML, Radhakrishnan B, Pantalone DW. The HIV Prison Paradox: Agency and HIV-Positive Women's Experiences in Jail and Prison in Alabama. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2017; 27:1427-1444. [PMID: 27742766 DOI: 10.1177/1049732316672640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Incarcerated women face significant barriers to achieve continuous HIV care. We employed a descriptive, exploratory design using qualitative methods and the theoretical construct of agency to investigate participants' self-reported experiences accessing HIV services in jail, in prison, and post-release in two Alabama cities. During January 2014, we conducted in-depth interviews with 25 formerly incarcerated HIV-positive women. Two researchers completed independent coding, producing preliminary codes from transcripts using content analysis. Themes were developed iteratively, verified, and refined. They encompassed (a) special rules for HIV-positive women: isolation, segregation, insults, food rationing, and forced disclosure; (b) absence of counseling following initial HIV diagnosis; and (c) HIV treatment impediments: delays, interruption, and denial. Participants deployed agentic strategies of accommodation, resistance, and care-seeking to navigate the social world of prison and HIV services. Findings illuminate the "HIV prison paradox": the chief opportunities that remain unexploited to engage and re-engage justice-involved women in the HIV care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtenay Sprague
- 1 University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- 2 University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - David W Pantalone
- 1 University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- 3 Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Valera P, Chang Y, Lian Z. HIV risk inside U.S. prisons: a systematic review of risk reduction interventions conducted in U.S. prisons. AIDS Care 2016; 29:943-952. [PMID: 28027663 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2016.1271102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
HIV prevalence in correctional populations is approximately five times that of the general adult population. This systematic review examines the broad question of HIV prevention and interventions to reduce inmate HIV-related risk behaviors in U.S. federal and state prisons. We conducted a systematic review of multiple databases and Google Scholar to identify behavioral, biomedical, social, and policy studies related to HIV among U.S. prison populations from 1980-2014. Studies were excluded if they did not focus on HIV, prison inmates, if they were conducted outside of the U.S., if they involved juvenile offenders, or if they included post-release outcomes. Twenty-seven articles met the study criteria. Evidence suggests that research related to the HIV care continuum, risk behaviors, gender, prevention (e.g., peer education), and policy are key topics to enhance HIV prevention interventions in the criminal justice system. This review provides a prison-specific overview of HIV in U.S. correctional populations and highlight effective interventions, including inmate peer education. There is an urgent need to continue to implement HIV prevention interventions across all prisons and improve the quality of life among those at heightened risk of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Valera
- a Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research , Orangeburg , NY , USA.,b Department of Psychiatry , New York School of Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Yvonne Chang
- c Department of Sociology , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec , Canada
| | - Zi Lian
- d Teachers College, Columbia University , New York , NY , USA
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