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Persons PA, Williams L, Fields H, Mishra S, Mehta R. Weight gain during midlife: Does race/ethnicity influence risk? Maturitas 2024; 185:108013. [PMID: 38703595 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Fears regarding weight gain and body changes commonly plague midlife women. The aim of this paper is to discuss the impact of weight gain and body changes on midlife women across various cultural backgrounds. Midlife weight gain in women is associated with age as opposed to menopausal status. Weight gain during midlife occurs across all cultural/ethnic groups; however, African Americans and Hispanic women exhibit higher rates of weight gain than their Caucasian counterparts. Although use of menopause hormone replacement therapy does not produce a clinical difference in weight gain, exercise decreases the risk of obesity in midlife women. Cultural differences in perception of body image exist. Recognizing these differences may help clinicians better address the weight concerns of women from diverse backgrounds. A shift in focus from weight goals to cardiometabolic risk reduction may help patients feel more successful and improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patress Ann Persons
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Community Internal Medicine, 13400 E Shea Blvd, USA, Scottsdale, AZ 85259.
| | - Lesley Williams
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Family Medicine, 13737 N. 92nd St., USA, Scottsdale, AZ 85260.
| | - Heather Fields
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Community Internal Medicine, 13400 E Shea Blvd, USA, Scottsdale, AZ 85259.
| | - Sneha Mishra
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Community Internal Medicine, 13400 E Shea Blvd, USA, Scottsdale, AZ 85259.
| | - Rajal Mehta
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Community Internal Medicine, 13400 E Shea Blvd, USA, Scottsdale, AZ 85259.
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Kang S, Park I, Ha MS. Effect of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization training using the inertial load of water on functional movement and postural sway in middle-aged women: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:154. [PMID: 38438927 PMCID: PMC10910739 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-02972-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress and diseases occur more frequently in middle-aged compared to younger women and this is often the result of physical, psychological and socio-economic changes. These health consequences reduce lower body muscle mass and flexibility, leading to generalized impairments in functional movement and balance. Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) training using the inertial load of water is known for its positive impact on functional strength improvement and muscle stabilization. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effect of DNS training using inertial water loads on functional movement and postural sway in middle-aged women. METHOD A sample of 24 middle-aged women participated in the study and were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group, n = 12 (age: 58.33 ± 1.48 yrs, height: 162.16 ± 1.27 cm, weight: 61.77 ± 2.21 kg) and control group, n = 12 (age: 59.58 ± 1.13 yrs, height: 160.1 ± 1.13 cm, weight: 57.51 ± 1.12 kg). Center of Pressure (COP), moving distance, Root Mean Square (RMS), movement area and Functional Movement Screen (FMS) were conducted and analyzed pre- and post-examination. Participants engaged in the DNS training regimen, which utilized the inertial load of water, for 60 min each session, conducted twice weekly for 12 weeks. RESULTS There were significant differences in the COP distance (p < 0.001), RMS (p < 0.05), COP area and FMS test (p < 0.001) in the pre-post comparison of each group. And significant differences were found in COP distance (p < 0.05), RMS (p < 0.05), COP area (p < 0.05) and FMS test (p < 0.05) between groups. The DNS training improved the dynamic stability of single-leg standing, torso stability and functional movement in middle-aged women. CONCLUSION DNS training programs using the inertial load of water have been shown to be effective in movement improvement and posture retention ability, which is beneficial for functional movement, equilibrium strategy, and dynamic stability of middle-aged women. Furthermore, the DNS training method designed in this study can be useful for trainees who require posture correction in a safe and effective way regardless of their age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuho Kang
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Busan University of Foreign Studies, 65 Geumsaem-Ro 485Beon-Gil, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan, 46234, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilbong Park
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Busan University of Foreign Studies, 65 Geumsaem-Ro 485Beon-Gil, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan, 46234, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seong Ha
- Laboratory of Sports Conditioning: Nutrition Biochemistry and Neuroscience, Department of Sports Science, College of the Arts and Sports, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Ma W, Zhu H, Yu X, Zhai X, Li S, Huang N, Liu K, Shirai K, Sheerah HA, Cao J. Association between android fat mass, gynoid fat mass and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in adults: NHANES 2003-2007. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1055223. [PMID: 37273879 PMCID: PMC10233278 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1055223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Evidence of the relationship between android fat mass and gynoid fat mass with the mortality prediction is still limited. Current study analyzed the NHANES database to investigate the relationship between android fat mass, gynoid fat mass and CVD, with all-cause mortality. Method The study subjects were NHANES participants over 20 years old, two indicators of regional body composition, android fat and gynoid fat were measured by Dual Energy x-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). The other various covariates data obtained from the NHANES questionnaire and laboratory measurements, including age, gender, education, race/ethnicity, uric acid, total serum cholesterol, albumin, Vitamin C, folate, alcohol drinking, smoking status, history of diabetes, and hypertension. Mortality status was ascertained from a linked mortality file prepared by the National Center for Health Statistics. The study population was divided quartiles based on the distribution of android fat mass and gynoid fat mass. The relationship between these two indicators with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality was investigated by using Cox regression. The covariates age, gender, smoking status, drinking status, history of diabetes, and history of hypertension were stratified. Results In the fully adjusted model, Q3 had the lowest HR in android fat mass and gynoid fat mass. When examining the relationship between android fat mass and CVD mortality, current smokers and drinkers had the lowest CVD risk in Q2 [smoking: 0.21 (0.08, 0.52), drinking: 0.14 (0.04, 0.50)]. In diabetic patients, compared with Q1, other groups with increased android fat mass can significantly reduce the risk of CVD [Q4: 0.17 (0.04, 0.75), Q3: 0.18 (0.03, 1.09), Q2: 0.27 (0.09, 0.83)]. In ≥60 years old and female, the greater the gynoid fat mass, the smaller the HR of all-cause mortality [Q4 for ≥60 years old: 0.57 (0.33, 0.96), Q4 for female: 0.37 (0.23, 0.58)]. People <60 years old had a lower risk of all-cause mortality with gynoid fat mass in Q3 than those ≥60 years old [<60 years: 0.50 (0.27, 0.91), ≥60 years: 0.65 (0.45, 0.95)]. Among subjects without hypertension, the group with the largest android fat mass had the lowest risk of CVD mortality, and the group with the largest gynoid fat mass had the lowest risk of all-cause mortality [Android fat mass: 0.36 (0.16, 0.81), gynoid fat mass: 0.57 (0.39, 0.85)]. Conclusion Moderate android fat mass and gynoid fat mass (Q3) had the most protective effect. Smokers and drinkers need to control their body fat. Being too thin is harmful to people with diabetes. Increased gynoid fat mass is a protective factor for all-cause mortality in older adults and females. Young people's gynoid fat mass is more protective in the moderate range than older people's. If no high blood pressure exists, people with more android and gynoid fat mass have a lower risk of CVD or all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Ma
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiping Zhu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Yu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhai
- Center for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, China
| | - Shiyang Li
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nian Huang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Japan
| | - Haytham A. Sheerah
- Assistant Deputyship for International Collaborations, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jinhong Cao
- School of Management, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Research Center for the Development of Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Project of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Wuhan, China
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Arigo D, Lobo AF, Ainsworth MC, Baga K, Pasko K. Development and Initial Testing of a Personalized, Adaptive, and Socially Focused Web Tool to Support Physical Activity Among Women in Midlife: Multidisciplinary and User-Centered Design Approach. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e36280. [PMID: 35881431 PMCID: PMC9364169 DOI: 10.2196/36280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women in midlife are vulnerable to developing cardiovascular disease, particularly those who have conditions such as hypertension. Physical activity (PA) can reduce risk, but efforts to promote PA in this population have been only modestly effective. More attention to social influences on PA behavior may be useful, particularly social support and social comparison processes. Activating these processes with digital tools can provide easy access that is flexible to the needs of women in midlife. OBJECTIVE This paper describes the user-centered design processes of developing and conducting initial evaluation of a personalized and adaptive web application, tailored to the social needs of women in midlife. The goal was to gather feedback from the population of interest, before and during the design process. METHODS This study was conducted in 4 stages. The first and second authors (DA and AFL) developed technical specifications, informed by their experience with the population of interest. We collected feedback on potential content for the web application with women in midlife using both interviews (5/10, 50%; mean age 47.4, SD 6.66 years; mean BMI 35.3, SD 9.55 kg/m2) and surveys (5/10, 50%; mean age 51, SD 6.60 years; mean BMI 32.7, SD 8.39 kg/m2). We used their feedback to inform support messages and peer profiles (ie, sources of social comparison information). Nine members of the behavioral science team and 3 testers unfamiliar with the web application completed internal testing. We conducted naturalistic functionality testing with a different group of women in midlife (n=5; mean age 50, SD 6.26 years; mean BMI 30.1, SD 5.83 kg/m2), who used the web application as intended for 4 days and provided feedback at the end of this period. RESULTS Iterative storyboard development resulted in programming specifications for a prototype of the web application. We used content feedback to select and refine the support messages and peer profiles to be added. The following 2 rounds of internal testing identified bugs and other problems regarding the web application's functioning and full data collection procedure. Problems were addressed or logged for future consideration. Naturalistic functionality testing revealed minimal further problems; findings showed preliminary acceptability of the web application and suggested that women may select different social content across days. CONCLUSIONS A multidisciplinary and user-centered design approach led to a personalized and adaptive web application, tailored to the social needs of women in midlife. Findings from testing with this population demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of the new application and supported further development toward its use in daily life. We describe several potential uses of the web application and next steps for its development. We also discuss the lessons learned and offer recommendations for future collaborations between behavioral and computer scientists to develop similar tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Arigo
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
- Department of Family Medicine, Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, United States
| | - Andrea F Lobo
- Department of Computer Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
| | - M Cole Ainsworth
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
| | - Kiri Baga
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
| | - Kristen Pasko
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
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James D, Larkey LK, Evans B, Sebren A, Goldsmith K, Smith L. Pilot study of tai chi and qigong on body composition, sleep, and emotional eating in midlife/older women. J Women Aging 2021; 34:449-459. [PMID: 34962851 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2021.2018924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Weight gain and related adverse changes in body composition are prevalent among midlife and older women and contribute to chronic disease (e.g., type 2 diabetes, hypertension, depression). Tai Chi (TC) and Qigong (QG), forms of Meditative Movement, demonstrate improved physical/psychological symptoms and body composition. Using a standardized TC/QG protocol, we explored pre/post intervention differences in percent body fat and factors related to body composition in midlife/older women. In the context of a single-group pilot study, females ages 45-75 (N = 51) enrolled in an 8-week TC/QG intervention. Primary outcome measures of body composition, sleep quality, emotional eating and select secondary outcome psycho-emotional factors (perceived stress, mood state, mindfulness, self-compassion, body awareness) were collected. Change in percent body fat did not reach statistical significance (p = .30, M = 0.35, 95% CI [- 0.32, 1.0]). Sleep quality improved significantly, p = .04, M = - 0.88, 95% CI [-1.71, - 0.04]. Emotional eating changed in the expected direction, but not significantly, p = .08, M = -0.16, 95% CI [-0.34, 0.02]. Significant differences were found in body awareness, p = .01, M = 0.36, 95% CI [0.08, 0.63] and perceived stress, p = .05, M = -2.36, 95% CI [-4.76, 0.04]. Preliminary results are promising as results showed improvements in factors related to healthy body composition. Refined research is needed to understand if/how TC/QG may improve body composition among midlife and older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara James
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Linda K Larkey
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Bronwynne Evans
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Ann Sebren
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Arizona, USA
| | - Kimberley Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics Inst. Of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, England
| | - Lisa Smith
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Arizona, USA
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Woods R, Hess R, Biddington C, Federico M. Association of lean body mass to menopausal symptoms: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Womens Midlife Health 2020; 6:10. [PMID: 32944260 PMCID: PMC7490966 DOI: 10.1186/s40695-020-00058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to examine the association of lean body mass (LBM) to the development of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) as women transition through menopause. Methods This study is a secondary use of data available for public use from follow up visits six through 10 for participants in the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. The study examined 2533 women, between the ages 42–52 years, each year over a10-year period. Data was modeled for associations of lean body mass and VMS. Changes in LBM since prior visit and since baseline were also modeled along with differences in means using binary logistic regression, adjusting for covariates. Results LBM was significantly associated to concurrent VMS (p = .036), percent change in LBM since prior visit (p = .003), percent change since baseline (p < .001), and overall means associations (p = .023). LBM was not significant for VMS at individual visit measures. In mixed regression modeling, time was significant (p < .0001) at all visits. The estimated probability of developing VMS decreases significantly as LBM increases. Conclusions Lean body mass is negatively associated with incident VMS. Our data suggests that maintaining higher levels of LBM during the menopausal transition may be protective against the development of VMS. Every woman will experience menopause in her life and the ability to potentially prevent the onset of specific symptoms through basic interventions, such as resistance training to increase lean body mass, may positively impact this large population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanne Woods
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Studies, California University of Pennsylvania, 50 University Ave, California, PA 15419 USA
| | - Rebecca Hess
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Studies, California University of Pennsylvania, 50 University Ave, California, PA 15419 USA
| | - Carol Biddington
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Studies, California University of Pennsylvania, 50 University Ave, California, PA 15419 USA
| | - Marc Federico
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Studies, California University of Pennsylvania, 50 University Ave, California, PA 15419 USA
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7
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Arigo D, Mogle JA, Brown MM, Roberts SR, Pasko K, Butryn ML, Downs DS. Differences between accelerometer cut point methods among midlife women with cardiovascular risk markers. Menopause 2020; 27:559-567. [PMID: 32049926 PMCID: PMC7903971 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Midlife women experience elevated risk for cardiovascular disease and often receive advice to increase physical activity to mitigate this risk. Use of accelerometers to measure ambulatory physical activity requires selection of appropriate thresholds for estimating moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and choice of cut points may lead to meaningfully different conclusions about midlife women's physical activity (PA) engagement. This is particularly important given the recent elimination of 10-minute bout requirements for MVPA. This two-phase study examined differences between four cut point methods among midlife women with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We used findings from Study 1 (exploratory) to generate hypotheses for Study 2 (confirmatory). METHODS Across studies, participants (N = 65) were midlife women with an additional CVD risk factor (eg, hypertension). Participants wore waistband accelerometers for seven days. Daily totals were calculated for minutes in light and MVPA using four common quantification methods (Freedson, Matthews, Swartz, and Troiano). RESULTS Multilevel models showed meaningful differences between methods (P < 0.0001). For total (non-bouted) minutes of MVPA, Freedson and Troiano methods showed that participants barely met MVPA recommendations (30 min per day), whereas Matthews and Swartz methods showed that participants greatly exceeded this goal. As differences between methods were smaller using MVPA bouts of 10 minutes or more (though remained significant), the observed variation was due in part to small bursts of MVPA dispersed throughout the day. CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate the need for careful consideration of PA quantification among midlife women with CVD risk, and for further investigation to determine the most appropriate quantification method. : Video Summary:http://links.lww.com/MENO/A545.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Arigo
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ
| | | | - Megan M. Brown
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ
| | | | - Kristen Pasko
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ
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Williams LT, Collins CE, Morgan PJ, Hollis JL. Maintaining the Outcomes of a Successful Weight Gain Prevention Intervention in Mid-Age Women: Two Year Results from the 40-Something Randomized Control Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1100. [PMID: 31108930 PMCID: PMC6567062 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the life stage of menopause being identified as a high risk for weight gain, there are few obesity prevention interventions for this target group, and no evidence on maintenance of intervention effects after intervention support is withdrawn. In the 40-Something Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) (ACTRN12611000064909), a five-consultation health professional (dietitian and exercise physiologist) obesity prevention intervention, using motivational interviewing principles (MI) over 12 months, achieved significantly greater weight loss than a self-directed intervention (SDI) (tailored written material) in 54 non-obese (body mass index (BMI): 18.5-29.9 kg/m2), premenopausal women (44-50 years). The aim of the current paper is to report on whether the intervention effects were maintained at two years. Anthropometric, biochemical and health behavior data were collected at baseline, 12 months (end of intervention) and 24 months (end of maintenance period). Forty participants (22 = MI, 18 = SDI) who completed all measures to 12 months were invited to participate in the monitoring phase and 30 (MI = 16, SDI = 14) consented. The primary outcome of weight at 24 months was assessed using intention to treat principles (n = 54), adjusting for baseline weight. The MI group had a significantly lower weight at 24 months (64.6 kg, 95% CI: 63.2, 66.6, p = 0.015) compared with the SDI group (67.3 kg, 95% CI: 65.7, 68.8), and the secondary outcomes of percentage body fat and waist circumference were also significantly lower in the MI group. The low-intensity, health professional weight control intervention utilizing MI principles was more efficacious in maintaining a significant weight loss compared to a self-directed intervention, and both were successful in preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T Williams
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Jenna L Hollis
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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Zhernakova YV, Zheleznova EA, Chazova IE, Oshchepkova EV, Dolgusheva YA, Yarovaya EB, Blinova NV, Orlovsky AA, Konosova ID, Shalnova SA, Rotar’ OP, Konradi AO, Shlyakhto EV, Boytsov SA. The prevalence of abdominal obesity and the association with socioeconomic status in Regions of the Russian Federation, the results of the epidemiological study - ESSE-RF. TERAPEVT ARKH 2018. [DOI: 10.26442/terarkh201890104-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal obesity (AO) is a predictor of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus type 2. The assessment of the disease prevalence and the study of socioeconomic status of people with this phenotype of obesity are necessary to develop effective mechanisms to combat this risk factor in the population. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of AO in the population and to assess the association with socioeconomic factors according to the data of the ESSE-RF study (Epidemiology of Cardiovascular diseases in the Regions of the Russian Federation). Materials and methods. The object of the study is a random population sample of men and women aged 25-64 years from 13 regions of the Russian Federation (n=21 817). Abdominal obesity in men was defined as waist circumference (WC) >94 cm, and in women - WC >80 cm. Body mass index (BMI) >30.0 kg/m2 was adopted as the criterion of common obesity. Results and discussion. The prevalence of AO in Russia was 55% (61.8% in women and 44% in men), while the percent of people with obesity, defined by BMI was significantly lower (33.4%). The number of examined patients with AO increased with age among both men and women (p
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Suzuki J, Takeda F, Kishi K, Monma T. The relationship between stressors and mental health among Japanese middle-aged women in urban areas. Women Health 2017; 58:534-547. [PMID: 28448248 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2017.1321606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In middle age, some people may become mentally or emotionally unstable. Additionally, in Japan, mood disorders, such as depressive symptoms, occur mostly among middle-aged women (i.e., aged 40-49 years). However, few studies have examined stressors related to mental health. In the present study, we developed a stressor scale for middle-aged women and examined stressors correlated with middle-aged women's mental health. In January 2015, an anonymous, self-administered survey was mailed to 1,000 randomly selected women aged 45 through 64 years living in Tokyo, Japan. Completed questionnaires were obtained from 329 women (32.9 percent). Factor analysis identified the following stressor categories: "relationship with my husband," "uneasiness about old age," "health concerns," "work-life balance," and "relationship with my friends." "Uneasiness about old age" and "health concerns" were correlated negatively with participants' mental health. Improving middle-aged women's health requires interventions that relieve stressors resulting from age-related problems and promote a positive image of old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Suzuki
- a Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Fumi Takeda
- b Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Kaori Kishi
- c Human Care Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Takafumi Monma
- b Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
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11
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ZumBeat: Evaluation of a Zumba Dance Intervention in Postmenopausal Overweight Women. Sports (Basel) 2016; 4:sports4010005. [PMID: 29910253 PMCID: PMC5968936 DOI: 10.3390/sports4010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a major public health concern since it increases individuals’ risk of morbidity and mortality. A subgroup at particular risk is postmenopausal overweight women. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and effect of a 12-week ZumBeat dance intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness and psychosocial health. Postmenopausal women with a body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2 or a waist circumference >94 cm who were not regularly physically active were asked to complete a 12-week ZumBeat dance intervention with instructed and home-based self-training sessions. Before and after the intervention, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) was assessed on a treadmill; and body composition and several psychometric parameters (including quality of life, sports-related barriers and menopausal symptoms) were investigated. Of 17 women (median age: 54 years; median BMI: 30 kg/m2) enrolled in the study, 14 completed the study. There was no apparent change in VO2peak after the 12-week intervention period (average change score: −0.5 mL/kg/min; 95% confidence interval: −1.0, 0.1); but, quality of life had increased, and sports-related barriers and menopausal symptoms had decreased. A 12-week ZumBeat dance intervention may not suffice to increase cardiorespiratory fitness in postmenopausal overweight women, but it increases women’s quality of life.
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12
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Chen TT, Maevsky EI, Uchitel ML. Maintenance of homeostasis in the aging hypothalamus: the central and peripheral roles of succinate. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:7. [PMID: 25699017 PMCID: PMC4313775 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the phenotype resulting from accumulation of genetic, cellular, and molecular damages. Many factors have been identified as either the cause or consequence of age-related decline in functions and repair mechanisms. The hypothalamus is the source and a target of many of these factors and hormones responsible for the overall homeostasis in the body. With advanced age, the sensitivity of the hypothalamus to various feedback signals begins to decline. In recent years, several aging-related genes have been identified and their signaling pathways elucidated. These gene products include mTOR, IKK-β/NF-κB complex, and HIF-1α, an important cellular survival signal. All of these activators/modulators of the aging process have also been identified in the hypothalamus and shown to play crucial roles in nutrient sensing, metabolic regulation, energy balance, reproductive function, and stress adaptation. This illustrates the central role of the hypothalamus in aging. Inside the mitochondria, succinate is one of the most prominent intermediates of the Krebs cycle. Succinate oxidation in mitochondria provides the most powerful energy output per unit time. Extra-mitochondrial succinate triggers a host of succinate receptor (SUCN1 or GPR91)-mediated signaling pathways in many peripheral tissues including the hypothalamus. One of the actions of succinate is to stabilize the hypoxia and cellular stress conditions by inducing the transcriptional regulator HIF-1α. Through these actions, it is hypothesized that succinate has the potential to restore the gradual but significant loss in functions associated with cellular senescence and systemic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas T. Chen
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Thomas T. Chen, Department of Life Sciences, Santa Monica College, 1900 Pico Boulevard, Santa Monica, CA 90405, USA e-mail:
| | - Eugene I. Maevsky
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail L. Uchitel
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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McArthur D, Dumas A, Woodend K, Beach S, Stacey D. Factors influencing adherence to regular exercise in middle-aged women: a qualitative study to inform clinical practice. BMC Womens Health 2014; 14:49. [PMID: 24666887 PMCID: PMC3975263 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-14-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About half of women decrease their regular exercise during middle age. Concurrently, they experience a reduction in basal metabolic rate and loss of lean muscle as they transition to menopause. The combined effects place these women at increased risk for body weight gain and associated co-morbidities. Further research is required to better assess their barriers to regular exercise and to develop more applied knowledge aimed to improve the applicability of clinical interventions aimed at this population. The main aim of this study was to identify enablers and barriers influencing adherence to regular exercise in middle-aged women who exercise. METHODS An interpretive description qualitative study was conducted using individual interviews. The two key questions were focused on planning to engage in physical activity and succeeding or planning to engage in physical activity and not succeeding. Inductive content analysis was used. RESULTS Fifty-three women interviewed were aged 40-62 years and experiencing mild to moderate menopausal symptoms. Six broad themes influencing adhering to regular exercise were: routine, intrinsic motivation, biophysical issues, psychosocial commitments, environmental factors, and resources. Common sub-themes were identified as enabling factors: daily structure that incorporated physical activity (broad theme routine), anticipated positive feelings associated with physical activity (intrinsic), and accountability to others (psychosocial). Other common sub-themes identified as barriers were disruptions in daily structure (routine), competing demands (routine) and self-sacrifice (psychosocial). CONCLUSIONS The most common barrier middle-aged women describe as interfering with adhering to regular exercise was attributable to the demands of this life stage at home and with others. Lack of time and menopausal symptoms were not identified as the common barriers. To support women to adhere to regular exercise, healthcare professionals should consider a narrative approach to assessing barriers and focus on enablers to overcoming identified barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanne McArthur
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Room RGN 1118, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alex Dumas
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, MNT 366, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6 N5, Canada
| | - Kirsten Woodend
- Trent/Fleming School of Nursing, Trent University, 1600 W Bank Dr, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Sarah Beach
- Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8 L6, Canada
| | - Dawn Stacey
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Room RGN 1118, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
- Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8 L6, Canada
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Jull J, Stacey D, Beach S, Dumas A, Strychar I, Ufholz LA, Prince S, Abdulnour J, Prud'homme D. Lifestyle interventions targeting body weight changes during the menopause transition: a systematic review. J Obes 2014; 2014:824310. [PMID: 24971172 PMCID: PMC4058255 DOI: 10.1155/2014/824310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of exercise and/or nutrition interventions and to address body weight changes during the menopause transition. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted using electronic databases, grey literature, and hand searching. Two independent researchers screened for studies using experimental designs to evaluate the impact of exercise and/or nutrition interventions on body weight and/or central weight gain performed during the menopausal transition. Studies were quality appraised using Cochrane risk of bias. Included studies were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS Of 3,564 unique citations screened, 3 studies were eligible (2 randomized controlled trials, and 1 pre/post study). Study quality ranged from low to high risk of bias. One randomized controlled trial with lower risk of bias concluded that participation in an exercise program combined with dietary interventions might mitigate body adiposity increases, which is normally observed during the menopause transition. The other two studies with higher risk of bias suggested that exercise might attenuate weight loss or weight gain and change abdominal adiposity patterns. CONCLUSIONS High quality studies evaluating the effectiveness of interventions targeting body weight changes in women during their menopause transition are needed. Evidence from one higher quality study indicates an effective multifaceted intervention for women to minimize changes in body adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Jull
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, 1 Stewart Street, Room 300, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
- *Janet Jull:
| | - Dawn Stacey
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Room RGN 1118, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
- Centre for Practice Changing Research, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Sarah Beach
- Centre for Practice Changing Research, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201B, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Alex Dumas
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, MNT 366, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Irene Strychar
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal et CRCHUM, 2405 Côte Ste-Catherine, Pavillon Liliane-de-Stewart, Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1A1
| | - Lee-Anne Ufholz
- Health Sciences Library, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, RGN Health Sciences Library, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Stephanie Prince
- Prevention and Rehabilitation Division, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4W7
| | - Joseph Abdulnour
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, MNT 366, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
- Institut de Recherche de l'Hôpital Montfort, 745 Building A, Suite 202, Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1K 0T1
| | - Denis Prud'homme
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, MNT 366, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
- Institut de Recherche de l'Hôpital Montfort, 745 Building A, Suite 202, Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1K 0T1
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Duval K, Prud'homme D, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Strychar I, Brochu M, Lavoie JM, Doucet E. Effects of the menopausal transition on energy expenditure: a MONET Group Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67:407-11. [PMID: 23422924 PMCID: PMC4977179 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Factors that influence weight gain during the menopausal transition are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in energy expenditure (EE) across the menopausal transition. Methods One hundred and two premenopausal women (age: 49.9 ± 1.9 yrs; BMI: 23.3 ± 2.2 kg/m2) were followed for 5 years. Body composition (DXA), physical activity EE (accelerometer), resting EE and thermic effect of food (indirect calorimetry) were measured annually. Results Total EE decreased significantly over time in postmenopausal women (P < 0.05), which was mostly due to a decrease in physical activity EE (P < 0.05). Although average resting EE remained stable over time in postmenopausal women, a significant increase, over the 5-year period, was noted in women who were in the menopausal transition by year 5 (P < 0.05). Finally, the time spent in moderate physical activity decreased and the time spent in sedentary physical activity increased during the menopausal transition (P < 0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that menopausal transition is accompanied with a decline in EE mainly characterized by a decrease in physical activity EE and a shift to a more sedentary lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Duval
- Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Reproductive characteristics and obesity in middle-aged women seen at an outpatient clinic in southern Brazil. Menopause 2012; 19:1022-8. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3182503834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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