1
|
Huang RL, Li Q, Ma JX, Atala A, Zhang Y. Body fluid-derived stem cells - an untapped stem cell source in genitourinary regeneration. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:739-761. [PMID: 37414959 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Somatic stem cells have been obtained from solid organs and tissues, including the bone marrow, placenta, corneal stroma, periosteum, adipose tissue, dental pulp and skeletal muscle. These solid tissue-derived stem cells are often used for tissue repair, disease modelling and new drug development. In the past two decades, stem cells have also been identified in various body fluids, including urine, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid, breastmilk and menstrual blood. These body fluid-derived stem cells (BFSCs) have stemness properties comparable to those of other adult stem cells and, similarly to tissue-derived stem cells, show cell surface markers, multi-differentiation potential and immunomodulatory effects. However, BFSCs are more easily accessible through non-invasive or minimally invasive approaches than solid tissue-derived stem cells and can be isolated without enzymatic tissue digestion. Additionally, BFSCs have shown good versatility in repairing genitourinary abnormalities in preclinical models through direct differentiation or paracrine mechanisms such as pro-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, antifibrotic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, optimization of protocols is needed to improve the efficacy and safety of BFSC therapy before therapeutic translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ilchibaeva T, Tsybko A, Lipnitskaya M, Eremin D, Milutinovich K, Naumenko V, Popova N. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in Mechanisms of Autistic-like Behavior in BTBR Mice: Crosstalk with the Dopaminergic Brain System. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051482. [PMID: 37239153 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in neuroplasticity undoubtedly play an important role in the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Brain neurotransmitters and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are known as crucial players in cerebral and behavioral plasticity. Such an important neurotransmitter as dopamine (DA) is involved in the behavioral inflexibility of ASD. Additionally, much evidence from human and animal studies implicates BDNF in ASD pathogenesis. Nonetheless, crosstalk between BDNF and the DA system has not been studied in the context of an autistic-like phenotype. For this reason, the aim of our study was to compare the effects of either the acute intracerebroventricular administration of a recombinant BDNF protein or hippocampal adeno-associated-virus-mediated BDNF overexpression on autistic-like behavior and expression of key DA-related and BDNF-related genes in BTBR mice (a widely recognized model of autism). The BDNF administration failed to affect autistic-like behavior but downregulated Comt mRNA in the frontal cortex and hippocampus; however, COMT protein downregulation in the hippocampus and upregulation in the striatum were insignificant. BDNF administration also reduced the receptor TrkB level in the frontal cortex and midbrain and the BDNF/proBDNF ratio in the striatum. In contrast, hippocampal BDNF overexpression significantly diminished stereotypical behavior and anxiety; these alterations were accompanied only by higher hippocampal DA receptor D1 mRNA levels. The results indicate an important role of BDNF in mechanisms underlying anxiety and repetitive behavior in ASDs and implicates BDNF-DA crosstalk in the autistic-like phenotype of BTBR mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Ilchibaeva
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anton Tsybko
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina Lipnitskaya
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry Eremin
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kseniya Milutinovich
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Naumenko
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nina Popova
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh J, Singh S. Review on kidney diseases: types, treatment and potential of stem cell therapy. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2023; 9:21. [PMID: 37131920 PMCID: PMC10134709 DOI: 10.1186/s41100-023-00475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal disorders are an emerging global public health issue with a higher growth rate despite progress in supportive therapies. In order to find more promising treatments to stimulate renal repair, stem cell-based technology has been proposed as a potentially therapeutic option. The self-renewal and proliferative nature of stem cells raised the hope to fight against various diseases. Similarly, it opens a new path for the treatment and repair of damaged renal cells. This review focuses on the types of renal diseases; acute and chronic kidney disease-their statistical data, and the conventional drugs used for treatment. It includes the possible stem cell therapy mechanisms involved and outcomes recorded so far, the limitations of using these regenerative medicines, and the progressive improvement in stem cell therapy by adopting approaches like PiggyBac, Sleeping Beauty, and the Sendai virus. Specifically, about the paracrine activities of amniotic fluid stem cells, renal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cells as well as other stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Singh
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, 15935, Block 56, Room No 202, Phagwara, Punjab 144411 India
| | - Sanjeev Singh
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, 15935, Block 56, Room No 202, Phagwara, Punjab 144411 India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Ameliorate Thioglycollate-Induced Peritonitis by Increasing Tregs in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126433. [PMID: 35742877 PMCID: PMC9224120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) affect immune cells and exert anti-inflammatory effects. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs), a type of MSCs, have a high therapeutic effect in animal models of inflammation-related diseases. hAFSCs can be easily isolated and cultured from amniotic fluid, which is considered a medical waste. Hence, amniotic fluid can be a source of cells for MSC therapy of inflammatory diseases. However, the effect of hAFSCs on acquired immunity in vivo, especially on regulatory T cells, has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to understand the effects of hAFSCs on acquired immunity, particularly on regulatory T cells. We showed that hAFSCs ameliorated the thioglycollate-induced inflammation by forming aggregates with host immune cells, such as macrophages, T cells, and B cells in the peritoneal cavity. Further, the regulatory T cells increased in the peritoneal cavity. These results indicated that, in addition to helping the innate immunity, hAFSCs could also aid the acquired immune system in vivo against inflammation-related diseases by increasing regulatory T cells.
Collapse
|
5
|
Babajani A, Moeinabadi-Bidgoli K, Niknejad F, Rismanchi H, Shafiee S, Shariatzadeh S, Jamshidi E, Farjoo MH, Niknejad H. Human placenta-derived amniotic epithelial cells as a new therapeutic hope for COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and systemic inflammation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:126. [PMID: 35337387 PMCID: PMC8949831 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become in the spotlight regarding the serious early and late complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), systemic inflammation, multi-organ failure and death. Although many preventive and therapeutic approaches have been suggested for ameliorating complications of COVID-19, emerging new resistant viral variants has called the efficacy of current therapeutic approaches into question. Besides, recent reports on the late and chronic complications of COVID-19, including organ fibrosis, emphasize a need for a multi-aspect therapeutic method that could control various COVID-19 consequences. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), a group of placenta-derived amniotic membrane resident stem cells, possess considerable therapeutic features that bring them up as a proposed therapeutic option for COVID-19. These cells display immunomodulatory effects in different organs that could reduce the adverse consequences of immune system hyper-reaction against SARS-CoV-2. Besides, hAECs would participate in alveolar fluid clearance, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system regulation, and regeneration of damaged organs. hAECs could also prevent thrombotic events, which is a serious complication of COVID-19. This review focuses on the proposed early and late therapeutic mechanisms of hAECs and their exosomes to the injured organs. It also discusses the possible application of preconditioned and genetically modified hAECs as well as their promising role as a drug delivery system in COVID-19. Moreover, the recent advances in the pre-clinical and clinical application of hAECs and their exosomes as an optimistic therapeutic hope in COVID-19 have been reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Rismanchi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Shafiee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Shariatzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Jamshidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Farjoo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moeinabadi-Bidgoli K, Babajani A, Yazdanpanah G, Farhadihosseinabadi B, Jamshidi E, Bahrami S, Niknejad H. Translational insights into stem cell preconditioning: From molecular mechanisms to preclinical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112026. [PMID: 34411911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy (CBT) is a revolutionary approach for curing a variety of degenerative diseases. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine is a novel strategy for treating tissue damages regarding stem cells unique properties such as differentiation potential, paracrine impacts, and self-renewal ability. However, the current cell-based treatments encounter considerable challenges to be translated into clinical practice, including low cell survival, migration, and differentiation rate of transplanted stem cells. The poor stem cell therapy outcomes mainly originate from the unfavorable condition of damaged tissues for transplanted stem cells. The promising method of preconditioning improves cell resistance against the host environment's stress by imposing certain conditions similar to the harsh microenvironment of the damaged tissues on the transplanted stem cells. Various pharmacological, biological, and physical inducers are able to establish preconditioning. In addition to their known pharmacological effects on tissues and cells, these preconditioning agents improve cell biological aspects such as cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, immunomodulation, paracrine impacts, and angiogenesis. This review focuses on different protocols and inducers of preconditioning along with underlying molecular mechanisms of their effects on stem cell behavior. Moreover, preclinical applications of preconditioned stem cells in various damaged organs such as heart, lung, brain, bone, cartilage, liver, and kidney are discussed with prospects of their translation into the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Yazdanpanah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Elham Jamshidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheyl Bahrami
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Geßner A, Koch B, Klann K, Fuhrmann DC, Farmand S, Schubert R, Münch C, Geiger H, Baer PC. Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from Preconditioned Human Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062873. [PMID: 33808970 PMCID: PMC7999156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-free therapy using extracellular vesicles (EVs) from adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) seems to be a safe and effective therapeutic option to support tissue and organ regeneration. The application of EVs requires particles with a maximum regenerative capability and hypoxic culture conditions as an in vitro preconditioning regimen has been shown to alter the molecular composition of released EVs. Nevertheless, the EV cargo after hypoxic preconditioning has not yet been comprehensively examined. The aim of the present study was the characterization of EVs from hypoxic preconditioned ASCs. We investigated the EV proteome and their effects on renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro. While no effect of hypoxia was observed on the number of released EVs and their protein content, the cargo of the proteins was altered. Proteomic analysis showed 41 increased or decreased proteins, 11 in a statistically significant manner. Furthermore, the uptake of EVs in epithelial cells and a positive effect on oxidative stress in vitro were observed. In conclusion, culture of ASCs under hypoxic conditions was demonstrated to be a promising in vitro preconditioning regimen, which alters the protein cargo and increases the anti-oxidative potential of EVs. These properties may provide new potential therapeutic options for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alec Geßner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt/M., Germany; (A.G.); (B.K.); (S.F.); (H.G.)
| | - Benjamin Koch
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt/M., Germany; (A.G.); (B.K.); (S.F.); (H.G.)
| | - Kevin Klann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt/M., Germany; (K.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Dominik C. Fuhrmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Samira Farmand
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt/M., Germany; (A.G.); (B.K.); (S.F.); (H.G.)
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Division of Allergology, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt/M., Germany;
| | - Christian Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt/M., Germany; (K.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Helmut Geiger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt/M., Germany; (A.G.); (B.K.); (S.F.); (H.G.)
| | - Patrick C. Baer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt/M., Germany; (A.G.); (B.K.); (S.F.); (H.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6301-5554
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu QW, Huang QM, Wu HY, Zuo GSL, Gu HC, Deng KY, Xin HB. Characteristics and Therapeutic Potential of Human Amnion-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020970. [PMID: 33478081 PMCID: PMC7835733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and adult stem cells (ASCs) are able to repair/replace damaged or degenerative tissues and improve functional recovery in experimental model and clinical trials. However, there are still many limitations and unresolved problems regarding stem cell therapy in terms of ethical barriers, immune rejection, tumorigenicity, and cell sources. By reviewing recent literatures and our related works, human amnion-derived stem cells (hADSCs) including human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) and human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) have shown considerable advantages over other stem cells. In this review, we first described the biological characteristics and advantages of hADSCs, especially for their high pluripotency and immunomodulatory effects. Then, we summarized the therapeutic applications and recent progresses of hADSCs in treating various diseases for preclinical research and clinical trials. In addition, the possible mechanisms and the challenges of hADSCs applications have been also discussed. Finally, we highlighted the properties of hADSCs as a promising source of stem cells for cell therapy and regenerative medicine and pointed out the perspectives for the directions of hADSCs applications clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Wen Liu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (Q.-W.L.); (Q.-M.H.); (H.-Y.W.); (G.-S.-L.Z.); (H.-C.G.); (K.-Y.D.)
| | - Qi-Ming Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (Q.-W.L.); (Q.-M.H.); (H.-Y.W.); (G.-S.-L.Z.); (H.-C.G.); (K.-Y.D.)
- School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Han-You Wu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (Q.-W.L.); (Q.-M.H.); (H.-Y.W.); (G.-S.-L.Z.); (H.-C.G.); (K.-Y.D.)
| | - Guo-Si-Lang Zuo
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (Q.-W.L.); (Q.-M.H.); (H.-Y.W.); (G.-S.-L.Z.); (H.-C.G.); (K.-Y.D.)
| | - Hao-Cheng Gu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (Q.-W.L.); (Q.-M.H.); (H.-Y.W.); (G.-S.-L.Z.); (H.-C.G.); (K.-Y.D.)
- School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ke-Yu Deng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (Q.-W.L.); (Q.-M.H.); (H.-Y.W.); (G.-S.-L.Z.); (H.-C.G.); (K.-Y.D.)
- School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hong-Bo Xin
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (Q.-W.L.); (Q.-M.H.); (H.-Y.W.); (G.-S.-L.Z.); (H.-C.G.); (K.-Y.D.)
- School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-8396-9015
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sharma S, Bhonde R. Genetic and epigenetic stability of stem cells: Epigenetic modifiers modulate the fate of mesenchymal stem cells. Genomics 2020; 112:3615-3623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
10
|
Ashfaq R, Mehmood A, Ramzan A, Hussain I, Tarar MN, Riazuddin S. Antioxidant pretreatment enhances umbilical cord derived stem cells survival in response to thermal stress in vitro. Regen Med 2020; 15:1441-1453. [PMID: 32339058 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Pretreatment of stem cells with antioxidants accelerates their ability to counter oxidative stress and is associated with the overall therapeutic outcome of their transplantation. Material & methods: Wharton Jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) were cultured and pretreated with various doses of antioxidants; Vitamin C (Vit C), Vitamin E (Vit E), Vitamin D3 (Vit D3) and their Cocktail, followed by exposure to in vitro heat injury. Assessment of WJMSCs survival, paracrine release, in vitro wound healing and expression of angiogenic and survival markers was conducted. Results: The results displayed an enhanced survival of WJMSCs especially in the case of Cocktail priming. Conclusion: Our data suggest that antioxidant pretreatment of WJMSCs strengthens the endurance of the cells, within stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramla Ashfaq
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Ramzan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Intzar Hussain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Nazeer Tarar
- Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Burn & Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Burn & Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ahmadi A, Rad NK, Ezzatizadeh V, Moghadasali R. Kidney Regeneration: Stem Cells as a New Trend. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:263-283. [DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666191218094513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Renal disease is a major worldwide public health problem that affects one in ten people.
Renal failure is caused by the irreversible loss of the structural and functional units of kidney (nephrons)
due to acute and chronic injuries. In humans, new nephrons (nephrogenesis) are generated until
the 36th week of gestation and no new nephron develops after birth. However, in rodents, nephrogenesis
persists until the immediate postnatal period. The postnatal mammalian kidney can partly repair
their nephrons. The kidney uses intrarenal and extra-renal cell sources for maintenance and repair.
Currently, it is believed that dedifferentiation of surviving tubular epithelial cells and presence of resident
stem cells have important roles in kidney repair. Many studies have shown that stem cells obtained
from extra-renal sites such as the bone marrow, adipose and skeletal muscle tissues, in addition
to umbilical cord and amniotic fluid, have potential therapeutic benefits. This review discusses the
main mechanisms of renal regeneration by stem cells after a kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ahmadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar K. Rad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Ezzatizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Moghadasali
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Will cell therapies provide the solution for the shortage of transplantable organs? Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2020; 24:568-573. [PMID: 31389811 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The potential to regenerate ischemically damaged kidneys while being perfused ex-vivo offers the best near-term solution to increasing kidney allografts for transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS There are a number of stem-cell sources including: stromal mesenchymal cells (MSC), induced adult pluripotent stem cells, fetal stem cells from placenta, membranes, amniotic fluid and umbilical cord and hematopoietic cells. MSC are increasingly the stem cell of choice and studies are primarily focused on novel induction immunosuppression to prevent rejection. Stem-cell therapies applied in vivo may be of limited benefit because the nonintegrating cells do not remain in the kidney and are not detectable in the body after several days. MSC therapies for transplantation have demonstrated early safety and feasibility. However, efficacy has not been clearly established. A more feasible application of a stem-cell therapy in transplantation is the administration of MSC to treat damaged renal allografts directly while being perfused ex vivo. Initial feasibility has been established demonstrating MSC-treatment results in statistically significant reduction of inflammatory responses, increased ATP and growth factor synthesis and mitosis. SUMMARY The ability to regenerate renal tissue ex-vivo sufficiently to result in immediate function could revolutionize transplantation by solving the chronic organ shortage.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang C, George SK, Wu R, Thakker PU, Abolbashari M, Kim TH, Ko IK, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Jackson J, Lee SJ, Yoo JJ, Atala A. Reno-protection of Urine-derived Stem Cells in A Chronic Kidney Disease Rat Model Induced by Renal Ischemia and Nephrotoxicity. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:435-446. [PMID: 32015680 PMCID: PMC6990904 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.37550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Drug-induced nephrotoxicity can occur in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction or renal ischemia, potentially leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Prompt treatment of CKD and the related side effects is critical in preventing progression to ESRD. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of urine-derived stem cells (USC) to treat chronic kidney disease-induced by nephrotoxic drugs and renal ischemia. Materials and methods: Human USC were collected, expanded and characterized by flow cytometry. A CKD model was induced by creating an ischemia-reperfusion injury and gentamicin administration. Twenty-eight adult immunodeficient rats were divided into three groups: PBS-treated group (n=9), USC-treated group (n=9), and sham group with age-matched control animals (n=10). Cell suspension of USC (5 x 106 / 100µl / kidney) or PBS was injected bilaterally into the renal parenchyma 9 weeks after CKD model creation. Renal function was evaluated by collection blood and urine samples to measure serum creatinine and glomerulus filtration rate. The kidneys were harvested 12 weeks after cell injection. Histologically, the extent of glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy, the amount of collagen deposition, interstitial fibrosis, inflammatory monocyte infiltration, and expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1), and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) were examined. Results: USC expressed renal parietal epithelial cells (CD24, CD29 and CD44). Renal function, measured by GFR and serum Cr in USC-treated group were significantly improved compared to PBS-treated animals (p<0.05). The degree of glomerular sclerosis and atrophic renal tubules, the amount of fibrosis, and monocyte infiltration significantly decreased in USC-treated group compared to the PBS group (p<0.05). The level of TGF-ß1 expression in renal tissues was also significantly lower in the PBS group, while the level of SOD-1 expression was significantly elevated in the USC group, compared to PBS group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the nephron-protective effect of USC on renal function via anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-fibrotic activity in a dual-injury CKD rat model. This provides an alternative treatment for CKD in certain clinical situations, such as instances where CKD is due to drug-induced nephrotoxicity and renal ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sunil K George
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rongpei Wu
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, People's Republic of China
| | - Parth Udayan Thakker
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mehran Abolbashari
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tae-Hyoung Kim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Kap Ko
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yinghao Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - John Jackson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Minocha E, Sinha RA, Jain M, Chaturvedi CP, Nityanand S. Amniotic fluid stem cells ameliorate cisplatin-induced acute renal failure through induction of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:370. [PMID: 31801607 PMCID: PMC6894207 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have recently demonstrated that amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) express renal progenitor markers and can be differentiated in vitro into renal lineage cell types, viz, juxtaglomerular and renal proximal tubular epithelial-like cells. Here, we have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of AFSC in a cisplatin-induced rat model of acute renal failure (ARF) and investigated the underlying mechanisms responsible for their renoprotective effects. Methods ARF was induced in Wistar rats by intra-peritoneal injection of cisplatin (7 mg/kg). Five days after cisplatin injection, rats were randomized into two groups and injected with either AFSC or normal saline intravenously. On days 8 and 12 after cisplatin injection, the blood biochemical parameters, histopathological changes, apoptosis and expression of pro-apoptotic, anti-apoptotic, and autophagy-related proteins in renal tissues were studied in both groups of rats. To further confirm whether the protective effects of AFSC on cisplatin-induced apoptosis were dependent on autophagy, chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, was administered by the intra-peritoneal route. Results Administration of AFSC in ARF rats resulted in improvement of renal function and attenuation of renal damage as reflected by significant decrease in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine levels, tubular cell apoptosis as assessed by Bax/Bcl2 ratio, and expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins, viz, PUMA, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9, as compared to the saline-treated group. Furthermore, in the AFSC-treated group as compared to the saline-treated group, there was a significant increase in the activation of autophagy as evident by increased expression of LC3-II, ATG5, ATG7, Beclin1, and phospho-AMPK levels with a concomitant decrease in phospho-p70S6K and p62 expression levels. Chloroquine administration led to significant reduction in the anti-apoptotic effects of the AFSC therapy and further deterioration in the renal structure and function caused by cisplatin. Conclusion AFSC led to amelioration of cisplatin-induced ARF which was mediated by inhibition of apoptosis and activation of autophagy. The protective effects of AFSC were blunted by chloroquine, an inhibitor of autophagy, highlighting that activation of autophagy is an important mechanism of action for the protective role of AFSC in cisplatin-induced renal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Minocha
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, UP, 226014, India
| | - Rohit Anthony Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Manali Jain
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, UP, 226014, India
| | - Chandra Prakash Chaturvedi
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, UP, 226014, India
| | - Soniya Nityanand
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, UP, 226014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
George SK, Abolbashari M, Kim TH, Zhang C, Allickson J, Jackson JD, Lee SJ, Ko IK, Atala A, Yoo JJ. Effect of Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells on Kidney Function in a Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1493-1503. [PMID: 30829146 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is a major medical problem globally. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of kidney function. It causes accumulation of waste and fluid in the body, eventually resulting in kidney failure as well as damaging other organs. Although dialysis and kidney transplantation have been used as primary treatments for renal disease, dialysis does not restore full renal function, and there is a shortage of donor kidneys for transplantation. Recent advances in cell-based therapies have offered a means to augment and restore renal function. Various types of cells have been tested to evaluate their therapeutic effects on injured kidneys. Among various types of cells, amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) share advantages of both embryonic and adult stem cells, such as pluripotent activity, remarkable plasticity, and immunomodulatory effects, which may allow their future therapeutic use as an "off-the-shelf" cell source. AFSC presents advantages of both conventional pluripotent and adult stem cells, such as pluripotent activity, remarkable plasticity, and immunomodulatory effects. This study demonstrates that administration of human-derived AFSC facilitates functional and structural improvement in a rat model of CKD, and suggests that cell therapy with AFSC has potential as a therapeutic strategy to recover renal function in patients with CKD. Impact Statement Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have limited treatment options, and renal transplantation is the only definitive treatment method that restores kidney function. However, challenges associated with transplantation, including donor organ shortage, rejection, and life-long immunosuppression, remain a problem. Recently, stem cell-based therapies have been proposed as an alternative approach to augment and restore renal function. In this study, we used human-derived amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) to treat CKD in a rat model and demonstrated that AFSC treatment facilitated positive effects in terms of improvements of renal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K George
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mehran Abolbashari
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, El Paso, Texas
| | - Tae-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Julie Allickson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - John D Jackson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - In Kap Ko
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rota C, Morigi M, Imberti B. Stem Cell Therapies in Kidney Diseases: Progress and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112790. [PMID: 31181604 PMCID: PMC6600599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of renal diseases is emerging as a public health problem. Despite major progress in supportive therapy, mortality rates among patients remain high. In an attempt to find innovative treatments to stimulate kidney regeneration, stem cell-based technology has been proposed as a potentially promising strategy. Here, we summarise the renoprotective potential of pluripotent and adult stem cell therapy in experimental models of acute and chronic kidney injury and we explore the different mechanisms at the basis of stem cell-induced kidney regeneration. Specifically, cell engraftment, incorporation into renal structures, or paracrine activities of embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells as well as mesenchymal stem cells and renal precursors are analysed. We also discuss the relevance of stem cell secretome-derived bioproducts, including soluble factors and extracellular vesicles, and the option of using them as cell-free therapy to induce reparative processes. The translation of the experimental results into clinical trials is also addressed, highlighting the safety and feasibility of stem cell treatments in patients with kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Rota
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Marina Morigi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Barbara Imberti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Secretomes from Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Acute Kidney Injury: Possible Heterogeneity. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:8693137. [PMID: 30651737 PMCID: PMC6311717 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8693137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A kidney has the ability to regenerate itself after a variety of renal injuries. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to ameliorate tissue damages during renal injuries and diseases. The regenerations induced by MSCs are primarily mediated by the paracrine release of soluble factors and extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles. Extracellular vesicles contain proteins, microRNAs, and mRNAs that are transferred into recipient cells to induce several repair signaling pathways. Over the past few decades, many studies identified trophic factors from MSCs, which attenuate renal injury in a variety of animal acute kidney injury models, including renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and drug-induced renal injury, using microarray and proteomic analysis. Nevertheless, these studies have revealed the heterogeneity of trophic factors from MSCs that depend on the cell origins and different stimuli including hypoxia, inflammatory stimuli, and aging. In this review article, we summarize the secretomes and regenerative mechanisms induced by MSCs and highlight the possible heterogeneity of trophic factors from different types of MSC and different circumstances for renal regeneration.
Collapse
|
18
|
Li S, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Liu C, Sun D. Transplantation of Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells Preconditioned with Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Alleviates Renal Fibrosis. Cell Transplant 2018; 28:65-78. [PMID: 30497277 PMCID: PMC6322139 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718815850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs), which exhibit both embryonic and mesenchymal stem cell characteristics, have been shown to mitigate the degree of renal interstitial fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether transplantation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)–modified AFSCs is more useful than transplantation of unmodified AFSCs for the treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis. Mice were randomly assigned to a sham-operation group (sham), a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-saline solution group (UUO), an AFSC transplantation group (AFSC) and a GDNF-modified AFSC transplantation group (GDNF-AFSC) and sacrificed at days 3 and 7 post-surgery (six in each group). We showed that GDNF-AFSCs noticeably suppressed oxidative stress and inflammation; additionally, GDNF-AFSCs positively regulated peritubular capillaries (PTCs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein levels. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that mitochondrial injury induced by the UUO model was significantly ameliorated after the mice were treated with GDNF-AFSCs. Therefore, we determined that GDNF gene promotes the abilities of AFSCs to inhibit inflammatory and oxidative stress effects, repair renal microvessels, relieve tissue hypoxia and mitochondrial damage, and, ultimately, alleviate renal interstitial fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Li
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhuojun Wang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jia Wang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,2 Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li H, Rong P, Ma X, Nie W, Chen C, Yang C, Zhang J, Dong Q, Wang W. Paracrine effect of mesenchymal stem cell as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2018; 215:113-118. [PMID: 30399376 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the main reason for end-stage renal diseases (ESRD). Based on the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine, the MSC therapy has been considered a promising strategy to ameliorate the progression of DN. In this article, we review the therapeutic potential of MSCs in DN, mainly involving MSC paracrine mechanism based on trophic factors and extracellular vesicles. Knowledge of mechanism underlying the therapeutic action of MSCs on DN can provide much needed new drug targets for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongde Li
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Nie
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cejun Yang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Dong
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vescovo G, Castellani C, Fedrigo M, Virzì GM, Vescovo GM, Tavano R, Pozzobon M, Angelini A. Stem cells transplantation positively modulates the heart-kidney cross talk in cardiorenal syndrome type II. Int J Cardiol 2018; 275:136-144. [PMID: 30509369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the effects of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFS) and rat adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction GFP-positive cells (rSVC-GFP) in a model of cardio-renal syndrome type II (CRSII). METHODS AND RESULTS RHF was induced by monocrotaline (MCT) in 28 Sprague-Dawley rats. Three weeks later, four million hAFS or rSVC-GFP cells were injected via tail vein. BNP, sCreatinine, kidney and heart NGAL and MMP9, sCytokines, kidney and heart apoptosis and cells (Cs) engraftment were evaluated. Cell-treated rats showed a significant reduction of serum NGAL and Creatinine compared to CRSII. In both hAFS and rSVC-GFP group, kidney protein expression of NGAL was significantly lower than in CRSII (hAFS p = 0.036 and rSVC-GFP p < 0.0001) and similar to that of controls. In both hAFS and rSVC-GFP treated rats, we observed cell engraftment in the medulla and differentiation into tubular, endothelial and SMCs cells. Apoptosis was significantly decreased in cell-treated rats (hAFS 14.07 ± 1.38 and rSVC-GFP 12.67 ± 2.96 cells/mm2) and similar to controls (9.85 ± 2.1 cell/mm2). TUNEL-positive cells were mainly located in the kidney medulla. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were down regulated in cell-treated groups and similar to controls. In cell-treated rats, kidney and heart tissue NGAL was not complexed with MMP9 as in CRSII group, suggesting inhibition of MMPs activity. CONCLUSION Cell therapy produced improvement in kidney function in rats with CRSII. This was the result of interstitial, vessel and tubular cell engraftment leading to tubular and vessel regeneration, decreased tubular cells apoptosis and mitigated pro-inflammatory milieu. Reduction of NGLA-MMP9 complexes mainly due to decrease MMPs activity prevented further negative heart remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Castellani
- Dept. Cardiac Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Marny Fedrigo
- Dept. Cardiac Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Grazia Maria Virzì
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy; IRRIV-International Renal Resarch Institute Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | - Regina Tavano
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Dept. Women and Children Health, University of Padua, Italy; Insitute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Angelini
- Dept. Cardiac Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
He XT, Wang J, Li X, Yin Y, Sun HH, Chen FM. The Critical Role of Cell Homing in Cytotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials, and Advanced Manufacture; Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials, and Advanced Manufacture; Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials, and Advanced Manufacture; Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials, and Advanced Manufacture; Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Hai-Hua Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials, and Advanced Manufacture; Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; 710032 Xi'an P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yu NH, Chun SY, Ha YS, Kim HT, Kim DH, Kim J, Chung JW, Lee JN, Song PH, Yoo ES, Kim BS, Kwon TG. Optimal Stem Cell Transporting Conditions to Maintain Cell Viability and Characteristics. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 15:639-647. [PMID: 30603585 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preservation of stem cell viability and characteristics during cell transport from the bench to patients can significantly affect the success of cell therapy. Factors such as suspending medium, time, temperature, cell density, and container type could be considered for transport conditions. METHODS To establish optimal conditions, human amniotic fluid stem cells' (AFSCs) viabilities were analyzed under different media {DMEM(H), DMEM/F-12, K-SFM, RPMI 1640, α-MEM, DMEM(L), PBS or saline}, temperature (4, 22 or 37 °C), cell density (1 × 107 cells were suspended in 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mL of medium) and container type (plastic syringe or glass bottle). After establishing the transport conditions, stem cell characteristics of AFSCs were compared to freshly prepared cells. RESULTS Cells transported in DMEM(H) showed relatively higher viability than other media. The optimized transport temperature was 4 °C, and available transport time was within 12 h. A lower cell density was associated with a better survival rate, and a syringe was selected as a transport container because of its clinical convenience. In compare of stem cell characteristics, the transported cells with established conditions showed similar potency as the freshly prepared cells. CONCLUSION Our findings can provide a foundation to optimization of conditions for stem cell transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hee Yu
- 1Biomedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- 1Biomedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea.,3Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea.,4Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Kim
- 5Department of Laboratory Animal Research Support Team, Yeungnam University Medical Center, 170 Hyunchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu, 42415 Korea
| | - Jeongshik Kim
- Department of Pathology, Central Hospital, 480 Munsu-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44667 Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Chung
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea.,4Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
| | - Jun Nyung Lee
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea.,4Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
| | - Phil Hyun Song
- 7Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu, 42415 Korea
| | - Eun Sang Yoo
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea.,3Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea.,3Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea.,4Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Torres Crigna A, Daniele C, Gamez C, Medina Balbuena S, Pastene DO, Nardozi D, Brenna C, Yard B, Gretz N, Bieback K. Stem/Stromal Cells for Treatment of Kidney Injuries With Focus on Preclinical Models. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:179. [PMID: 29963554 PMCID: PMC6013716 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the last years, the use of stem cells (embryonic, induced pluripotent stem cells, or hematopoietic stem cells), Progenitor cells (e.g., endothelial progenitor cells), and most intensely mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) has emerged as a promising cell-based therapy for several diseases including nephropathy. For patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), dialysis or finally organ transplantation are the only therapeutic modalities available. Since ESRD is associated with a high healthcare expenditure, MSC therapy represents an innovative approach. In a variety of preclinical and clinical studies, MSC have shown to exert renoprotective properties, mediated mainly by paracrine effects, immunomodulation, regulation of inflammation, secretion of several trophic factors, and possibly differentiation to renal precursors. However, studies are highly diverse; thus, knowledge is still limited regarding the exact mode of action, source of MSC in comparison to other stem cell types, administration route and dose, tracking of cells and documentation of therapeutic efficacy by new imaging techniques and tissue visualization. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of published studies of stem cell therapy in acute and chronic kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease, and kidney transplantation. Preclinical studies with allogeneic or xenogeneic cell therapy were first addressed, followed by a summary of clinical trials carried out with autologous or allogeneic hMSC. Studies were analyzed with respect to source of cell type, mechanism of action etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Torres Crigna
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cristina Daniele
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Centre, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolina Gamez
- Department for Experimental Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Centre (OUZ), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sara Medina Balbuena
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endrocrinology/Rheumathology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Diego O. Pastene
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endrocrinology/Rheumathology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Nardozi
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Centre, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cinzia Brenna
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Centre, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Benito Yard
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endrocrinology/Rheumathology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Centre, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Da Sacco S, Perin L, Sedrakyan S. Amniotic fluid cells: current progress and emerging challenges in renal regeneration. Pediatr Nephrol 2018. [PMID: 28620747 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-017-3711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic fluid (AF) contains a heterogeneous population of cells that have been identified to possess pluripotent and progenitor-like characteristics. These cells have been applied in various regenerative medicine applications ranging from in vitro cell differentiation to tissue engineering to cellular therapies for different organs including the heart, the liver, the lung, and the kidneys. In this review, we examine the different methodologies used for the derivation of amniotic fluid stem cells and renal progenitors, and their application in renal repair and regeneration. Moreover, we discuss the recent achievements and newly emerging challenges in our understanding of their biology, their immunoregulatory characteristics, and their paracrine-mediated therapeutic potential for the treatment of acute and chronic kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Da Sacco
- GOFARR Laboratory for Organ Regenerative Research and Cell Therapeutics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Urology, Saban Research Institute, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Mailstop #35, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Laura Perin
- GOFARR Laboratory for Organ Regenerative Research and Cell Therapeutics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Urology, Saban Research Institute, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Mailstop #35, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Sargis Sedrakyan
- GOFARR Laboratory for Organ Regenerative Research and Cell Therapeutics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Urology, Saban Research Institute, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Mailstop #35, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ohtake T, Kobayashi S, Slavin S, Mochida Y, Ishioka K, Moriya H, Hidaka S, Matsuura R, Sumida M, Katagiri D, Noiri E, Okada K, Mizuno H, Tanaka R. Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Incubated in Vasculogenic Conditioning Medium Dramatically Improve Ischemia/Reperfusion Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:520-530. [PMID: 29737200 PMCID: PMC6038042 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717753186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major clinical problem that still has no established treatment. We investigated the efficacy of cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) for AKI. Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) was used to induce AKI in male nonobese diabetic (NOD/severe combined immunodeficiency) mice aged 7 to 8 wk. PBMNCs were isolated from healthy volunteers and were subjected to quality and quantity controlled (QQc) culture for 7 d in medium containing stem cell factor, thrombopoietin, Flt-3 ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor, and interleukin 6. IRI-induced mice were divided into 3 groups and administered (1) 1 × 106 PBMNCs after QQc culture (QQc PBMNCs group), (2) 1 × 106 PBMNCs without QQc culture (non-QQc PBMNCs group), or (3) vehicle without PBMNCs (IRI control group). PBMNCs were injected via the tail vein 24 h after induction of IRI, followed by assessment of renal function, histological changes, and homing of injected cells. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (Cr) 72 h after induction of IRI in the QQc PBMNCs group dramatically improved compared with those in the IRI control and the non-QQc PBMNCs groups, accompanied by the improvement of tubular damages. Interstitial fibrosis 14 d after induction of IRI was also significantly improved in the QQc PBMNCs group compared with the other groups. The renoprotective effect noted in the QQc PBMNCs group was accompanied by reduction of peritubular capillary loss. The change of PBMNCs’ population (increase of CD34+ cells, CD133+ cells, and CD206+ cells) and increased endothelial progenitor cell colony-forming potential by QQc culture might be one of the beneficial mechanisms for restoring AKI. In conclusion, an injection of human QQc PBMNCs 24 h after induction of IRI dramatically improved AKI in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayasu Ohtake
- 1 Department of Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.,2 Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Shuzo Kobayashi
- 1 Department of Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.,2 Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Mochida
- 1 Department of Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ishioka
- 1 Department of Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Moriya
- 1 Department of Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Sumi Hidaka
- 1 Department of Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Ryo Matsuura
- 4 Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Sumida
- 4 Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Katagiri
- 4 Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisei Noiri
- 4 Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayoko Okada
- 5 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Ochanomizu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizuno
- 5 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Ochanomizu, Japan
| | - Rica Tanaka
- 5 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Ochanomizu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lu Y, Wang Z, Chen L, Wang J, Li S, Liu C, Sun D. The In Vitro Differentiation of GDNF Gene-Engineered Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells into Renal Tubular Epithelial-Like Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:590-599. [PMID: 29649411 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhuojun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pei W, Lu T, Wang K, Ji M, Zhang S, Chen F, Li L, Li X, Guan W. Biological characterization and pluripotent identification of ovine amniotic fluid stem cells. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1009-1021. [PMID: 29502286 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from amniotic fluid have become one of the most potential stem cell source for cell-based therapy for the reason they can be harvested at low cost and without ethical problems. Here, we obtained amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) from ovine amniotic fluid and studied the expansion capacity, cell markers expression, karyotype, and multilineage differentiation ability. In our work, AFSCs were subcultured to passage 62. The cell markers, CD29, CD44, CD73 and OCT4 which analyzed by RT-PCR were positive; CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, NANOG, OCT4 analyzed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were also positive. The growth curves of different passages were all typically sigmoidal. The different passages cells took on a normal karyotype. In addition, AFSCs were successfully induced to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. The results suggested that the AFSCs isolated from ovine maintained normal biological characteristics and their multilineage differentiation potential provides many potential applications in cell-based therapies and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Pei
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmingyuan West road, haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tengfei Lu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmingyuan West road, haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kunfu Wang
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Meng Ji
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmingyuan West road, haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Research Center for Sports Scientific Experiment, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghao Chen
- College of Human Movement Science, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmingyuan West road, haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Weijun Guan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmingyuan West road, haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Strategies to enhance paracrine potency of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells in intractable neonatal disorders. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:214-222. [PMID: 28972960 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation represents the next breakthrough in the treatment of currently intractable and devastating neonatal disorders with complex multifactorial etiologies, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and intraventricular hemorrhage. Absent engraftment and direct differentiation of transplanted MSCs, and the "hit-and-run" therapeutic effects of these MSCs suggest that their pleiotropic protection might be attributable to paracrine activity via the secretion of various biologic factors rather than to regenerative activity. The transplanted MSCs, therefore, exert their therapeutic effects not by acting as "stem cells," but rather by acting as "paracrine factors factory." The MSCs sense the microenvironment of the injury site and secrete various paracrine factors that serve several reparative functions, including antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antifibrotic, and/or antibacterial effects in response to environmental cues to enhance regeneration of the damaged tissue. Therefore, the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs might be dependent on their paracrine potency. In this review, we focus on recent investigations that elucidate the specifically regulated paracrine mechanisms of MSCs by injury type and discuss potential strategies to enhance paracrine potency, and thus therapeutic efficacy, of transplanted MSCs, including determining the appropriate source and preconditioning strategy for MSCs and the route and timing of their administration.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Every year 13.3 million people suffer acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with a high risk of death or development of long-term chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a substantial percentage of patients besides other organ dysfunctions. To date, the mortality rate per year for AKI exceeds 50 % at least in patients requiring early renal replacement therapy and is higher than the mortality for breast and prostate cancer, heart failure and diabetes combined.Until now, no effective treatments able to accelerate renal recovery and improve survival post AKI have been developed. In search of innovative and effective strategies to foster the limited regeneration capacity of the kidney, several studies have evaluated the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of different origin as an attractive therapeutic tool. The results obtained in several models of AKI and CKD document that MSCs have therapeutic potential in repair of renal injury, preserving renal function and structure thus prolonging animal survival through differentiation-independent pathways. In this chapter, we have summarized the mechanisms underlying the regenerative processes triggered by MSC treatment, essentially due to their paracrine activity. The capacity of MSC to migrate to the site of injury and to secrete a pool of growth factors and cytokines with anti-inflammatory, mitogenic, and immunomodulatory effects is described. New modalities of cell-to-cell communication via the release of microvesicles and exosomes by MSCs to injured renal cells will also be discussed. The translation of basic experimental data on MSC biology into effective care is still limited to preliminary phase I clinical trials and further studies are needed to definitively assess the efficacy of MSC-based therapy in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Morigi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Rota
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, A.O. Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang J, Wang F, Wang Z, Li S, Chen L, Liu C, Sun D. Protective effect of GDNF-engineered amniotic fluid-derived stem cells on the renal ischaemia reperfusion injury in vitro. Cell Prolif 2017; 51:e12400. [PMID: 29114949 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) possessing multilineage differentiation potential are proposed as a novel and accessible source for cell-based therapy and tissue regeneration. Glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been hypothesized to promote the therapeutic effect of AFSCs on markedly ameliorating renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate whether AFSCs equipped with GDNF (GDNF-AFSCs) had capabilities of attenuating mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mRTECs) apoptosis and evaluate its potential mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model of the mRTECs was established. Injured mRTECs were co-cultured with GDNF-AFSCs in a transwell system. The mRNA expressions of hepatocytes growth factor (HGF) and fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were detected by qRT-PCR. Changes of intracelluar reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined. The expressions of nitrotyrosine, Gp91-phox, Bax, and Bcl-2 were determined by Western blotting. Cell apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry, and caspase-3 activity was monitored by caspase-3 activity assay kit. RESULTS Our study revealed that expression of growth factors was increased and oxidative stress was dramatically counteracted in GDNF-AFSCs-treated group. Furthermore, apoptosis induced by H/R injury was inhibited in mRTECs by GDNF-AFSCs. CONCLUSIONS These data indicated that GDNF-AFSCs are beneficial to repairing damaged mRTECs significantly in vitro, which suggests GDNF-AFSCs provide new hopes of innovative interventions in different kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fengzhen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhuojun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Human stem cells alter the invasive properties of somatic cells via paracrine activation of mTORC1. Nat Commun 2017; 8:595. [PMID: 28928383 PMCID: PMC5605703 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00661-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled invasion is essential during many physiological processes, whereas its deregulation is a hallmark of cancer. Here we demonstrate that embryonic, induced pluripotent and amniotic fluid stem cells share the property to induce the invasion of primary somatic cells of various origins through insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)- or II (IGF-II)-mediated paracrine activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). We propose a model in which downstream of mTORC1 this stem cell-induced invasion is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)-regulated matrix metalloproteinases. Manipulating the IGF signalling pathway in the context of teratoma formation experiments demonstrates that human stem cells use this mechanism to induce invasion and thereby attract cells from the microenvironment in vivo. In this study we have identified a so far unknown feature of human stem cells, which might play a role for the development of stem cell-derived tumours.Cell invasion is required for several physiological processes but it is unknown if stem cells induce invasiveness in other cells. Here, the authors show that human stem cells secrete insulin-like growth factor, which in turn activates the mTORC1 pathway, initiating invasive behaviour and attracting other cells.
Collapse
|
32
|
Mellows B, Mitchell R, Antonioli M, Kretz O, Chambers D, Zeuner MT, Denecke B, Musante L, Ramachandra DL, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Holthofer H, Joch B, Ray S, Widera D, David AL, Huber TB, Dengjel J, De Coppi P, Patel K. Protein and Molecular Characterization of a Clinically Compliant Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Fraction Capable of Accelerating Muscle Regeneration Through Enhancement of Angiogenesis. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1316-1333. [PMID: 28679310 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The secretome of human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) has great potential as a therapeutic agent in regenerative medicine. However, it must be produced in a clinically compliant manner before it can be used in humans. In this study, we developed a means of producing a biologically active secretome from AFSCs that is free of all exogenous molecules. We demonstrate that the full secretome is capable of promoting stem cell proliferation, migration, and protection of cells against senescence. Furthermore, it has significant anti-inflammatory properties. Most importantly, we show that it promotes tissue regeneration in a model of muscle damage. We then demonstrate that the secretome contains extracellular vesicles (EVs) that harbor much, but not all, of the biological activity of the whole secretome. Proteomic characterization of the EV and free secretome fraction shows the presence of numerous molecules specific to each fraction that could be key regulators of tissue regeneration. Intriguingly, we show that the EVs only contain miRNA and not mRNA. This suggests that tissue regeneration in the host is mediated by the action of EVs modifying existing, rather than imposing new, signaling pathways. The EVs harbor significant anti-inflammatory activity as well as promote angiogenesis, the latter may be the mechanistic explanation for their ability to promote muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Mellows
- 1 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading , Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Mitchell
- 1 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading , Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Manuela Antonioli
- 2 Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' , Rome, Italy
| | - Oliver Kretz
- 3 Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg, Germany .,4 Renal Division, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany .,5 Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Chambers
- 6 Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College , London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bernd Denecke
- 8 Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research Aachen, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen, Germany
| | - Luca Musante
- 9 Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Durrgah L Ramachandra
- 10 Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Harry Holthofer
- 9 Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University , Dublin, Ireland .,12 FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Joch
- 5 Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| | - Steve Ray
- 13 Micregen, Biohub, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Darius Widera
- 7 School of Pharmacy, University of Reading , Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Anna L David
- 14 Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, United Kingdom .,15 NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre , London, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias B Huber
- 3 Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg, Germany .,4 Renal Division, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany .,12 FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany .,16 BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and Centre for Systems Biology (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs University , Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joern Dengjel
- 12 FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany .,17 Department of Biology, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- 10 Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , London, United Kingdom
| | - Ketan Patel
- 1 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading , Reading, United Kingdom .,12 FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Towards a Bioengineered Kidney: Recellularization Strategies for Decellularized Native Kidney Scaffolds. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 40:150-158. [DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with end-stage renal disease often undergo dialysis as a partial substitute for kidney function while waiting for their only treatment option: a kidney transplant. Several research directions emerged for alternatives in support of the ever-growing numbers of patients. Recent years brought big steps forward in the field, with researchers questioning and improving the current dialysis devices as well as moving towards the design of a bioengineered kidney. Whole-organ engineering is also being explored as a possibility, making use of animal or human kidney scaffolds for engineering a transplantable organ. While this is not a new strategy, having been applied so far for thin tissues, it is a novel approach for complex organs such as the kidneys. Kidneys can be decellularized and the remaining scaffold consisting of an extracellular matrix can be repopulated with (autologous) cells, aiming at growing ex vivo a fully transplantable organ. In a broader view, such organs might also be used for a better understanding of fundamental biological concepts and disease mechanisms, drug screening and toxicological investigations, opening new pathways in the treatment of kidney disease. Decellularization of whole organs has been widely explored and described; therefore, this manuscript only briefly reviews some important considerations with an emphasis on scaffold decontamination, but focuses further on recellularization strategies. Critical aspects, including cell types and sources that can be used for recellularization, seeding strategies and possible applications beyond renal replacement are discussed.
Collapse
|
34
|
Monti M, Imberti B, Bianchi N, Pezzotta A, Morigi M, Del Fante C, Redi CA, Perotti C. A Novel Method for Isolation of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1258-1269. [PMID: 28583028 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Very small embryonic-like cells (VSELs) are a population of very rare pluripotent stem cells isolated in adult murine bone marrow and many other tissues and organs, including umbilical cord blood (UCB). VSEL existence is still not universally accepted by the scientific community, so for this purpose, we sought to investigate whether presumptive VSELs (pVSELs) could be isolated from human UCB with an improved protocol based on the isolation of enriched progenitor cells by depletion of nonprogenitor cells with magnetic separation. Progenitor cells, likely including VSELs, cultured with retinoic acid were able to form dense colonies and cystic embryoid bodies and to differentiate toward the ecto-meso-endoderm lineages as shown by the positivity to specific markers. VSEL differentiative potential toward mesodermal lineage was further demonstrated in vitro upon exposure to an established inductive protocol, which induced the acquisition of renal progenitor cell phenotype. VSEL-derived renal progenitors showed regenerative potential in a cisplatin model of acute kidney injury by restoring renal function and tubular structure through induction of proliferation of endogenous renal cells. The data presented here foster the great debate that surrounds VSELs and, more in general, the existence of cells endowed with pluripotent features in adult tissues. In fact, the possibility to find and isolate subpopulations of cells that fully fit all the criteria utilized to define pluripotency remains, nowadays, almost unproven. Thus, efforts to better characterize the phenotype of these intriguing cells are crucial to understand their possible applications for regenerative and precision medicine purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Monti
- 1 Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Biotechnologies Research Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Imberti
- 2 Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso , Bergamo, Italy .,3 Scientific Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bianchi
- 1 Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Biotechnologies Research Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pezzotta
- 2 Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso , Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marina Morigi
- 2 Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso , Bergamo, Italy
| | - Claudia Del Fante
- 4 Immunohaematology and Transfusion Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Redi
- 5 Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia , Pavia, Italy
| | - Cesare Perotti
- 4 Immunohaematology and Transfusion Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bertin E, Piccoli M, Franzin C, Nagy A, Mileikovsky M, De Coppi P, Pozzobon M. The Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Amniotic Fluid Cells Using a Transposon System. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28287531 DOI: 10.3791/54598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated from mouse and human somatic cells by forced expression of defined transcription factors using different methods. Here, we produced iPS cells from mouse amniotic fluid cells, using a non-viral-based transposon system. All obtained iPS cell lines exhibited characteristics of pluripotent cells, including the ability to differentiate toward derivatives of all three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. This strategy opens up the possibility of using cells from diseased fetuses to develop new therapies for birth defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Bertin
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Citta della Speranza
| | - Martina Piccoli
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Citta della Speranza
| | - Chiara Franzin
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Citta della Speranza
| | - Andras Nagy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital
| | | | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Citta della Speranza;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Schäfer R, Spohn G, Baer PC. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Regenerative Medicine: Can Preconditioning Strategies Improve Therapeutic Efficacy? Transfus Med Hemother 2016; 43:256-267. [PMID: 27721701 DOI: 10.1159/000447458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are becoming increasingly important for the development of cell therapeutics in regenerative medicine. Featuring immunomodulatory potential as well as secreting a variety of trophic factors, MSCs showed remarkable therapeutic effects in numerous preclinical disease models. However, sustainable translation of MSC therapies to the clinic is hampered by heterogeneity of MSCs and non-standardized in vitro culture technologies. Moreover, potent MSC therapeutics require MSCs with maximum regenerative capacity. There is growing evidence that in vitro preconditioning strategies of MSCs can optimize their therapeutic potential. In the following we will discuss achievements and challenges of the development of MSC therapies in regenerative medicine highlighting specific in vitro preconditioning strategies prior to cell transplantation to increase their therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt/M., Germany
| | - Gabriele Spohn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt/M., Germany
| | - Patrick C Baer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe University, Frankfurt/M., Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Al-Husseiny F, Sobh MA, Ashour RH, Foud S, Medhat T, El-Gilany AH, Elghannam D, Abdel-Ghaffar H, Saad MA, Sobh M. Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cut Short the Acuteness of Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Int J Stem Cells 2016; 9:70-8. [PMID: 27426088 PMCID: PMC4961106 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc.2016.9.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cisplatin is a nephrotoxic chemotherapeutic agent. So, preventive measures worth to be evaluated. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) in prevention or amelioration of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in Sprague-Dawley rates have been tested. METHODS 80 Sprague-Dawley rats (250~300 g) were used and divided into 4 major groups, 20 rats each. Group I: Saline-injected group. Group II: Cisplatin-injected group (5 mg/kg I.P). Group III: Cisplatin-injected and hAFSCs-treated group (5×10⁶ hAFSCs I.V. one day after cisplatin administration). Group IV: Cisplatin-injected and culture media-treated group. Each major group was further divided into 4 equal subgroups according to the timing of sacrifice; 4, 7, 11 and 30 days post-cisplatin injection. Renal function tests were done. Kidney tissue homogenate oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were determined. Histopathological scoring systems for active injury, regenerative and chronic changes were analyzed separately. RESULTS hAFSCs characterization and differentiation was proved. Cisplatin injection resulted in a significant increase in serum creatinine and MDA and decrease in SOD, GSH and creatinine clearance. These changes were attenuated early by day 4 with the use of hAFSCs. Cisplatin injection induced tubular necrosis, atrophy, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis. The use of hAFSCs was associated with significantly lowered injury score at day 4, 7, 11 and 30 with marked regenerative changes starting from day 4. CONCLUSION hAFSCs have both a protective and regenerative activities largely through an antioxidant activity. This activity cut short the acuteness of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Al-Husseiny
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Rehab H Ashour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samah Foud
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Tarek Medhat
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Doaa Elghannam
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hassan Abdel-Ghaffar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed-Ahdy Saad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Sobh
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Overath JM, Gauer S, Obermüller N, Schubert R, Schäfer R, Geiger H, Baer PC. Short-term preconditioning enhances the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stromal/stem cell-conditioned medium in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Exp Cell Res 2016; 342:175-83. [PMID: 26992633 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of new strategies to preserve renal function after acute kidney injury (AKI) is necessary due to limited clinical intervention options. The organ-protective effects of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and their conditioned medium (CM) have been investigated demonstrating that both separately promoted tubular recovery and ameliorated the outcome of AKI. Nevertheless, strategies to optimise the regenerative potential of both are highly needed. Here we investigated the effects of CM from adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) preincubated in a hypoxic environment (Hyp). Protective factors were investigated by PCR analysis and a protein array in vitro. The expression of 64 of the 308 proteins assayed was found to be more than two-fold increased after Hyp. CM of Hyp-pretreated ASCs (pCM) was used to enhance regeneration in a mouse model of cisplatin-induced AKI (cisAKI). Renal function was assessed by measurements of markers for AKI and serum cytokine levels. The pCM significantly ameliorated serum creatinine and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin values, and also the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in the serum of mice with AKI. Our work clearly showed that a Hyp preconditioning significantly increases the release of protective factors in ASCs and enhances the therapeutic effects of CM in cisAKI in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen M Overath
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt/M., Germany.
| | - Stefan Gauer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt/M., Germany.
| | - Nicholas Obermüller
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt/M., Germany.
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Department of Paediatrics, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt/M., Germany.
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Cell Therapeutics & Cell Processing, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt/M., Germany.
| | - Helmut Geiger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt/M., Germany.
| | - Patrick C Baer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt/M., Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Dziadosz M, Basch RS, Young BK. Human amniotic fluid: a source of stem cells for possible therapeutic use. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 214:321-7. [PMID: 26767797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the capacity for differentiation. Amniotic fluid cells have emerged only recently as a possible source of stem cells for clinical purposes. There are no ethical or sampling constraints for the use of amniocentesis as a standard clinical procedure for obtaining an abundant supply of amniotic fluid cells. Amniotic fluid cells of human origin proliferate rapidly and are multipotent with the potential for expansion in vitro to multiple cell lines. Tissue engineering technologies that use amniotic fluid cells are being explored. Amniotic fluid cells may be of clinical benefit for fetal therapies, degenerative disease, and regenerative medicine applications. We present a comprehensive review of the evolution of human amniotic fluid cells as a possible modality for therapeutic use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Dziadosz
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ross S Basch
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Bruce K Young
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xu Y, Shi T, Xu A, Zhang L. 3D spheroid culture enhances survival and therapeutic capacities of MSCs injected into ischemic kidney. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1203-13. [PMID: 26914637 PMCID: PMC4929304 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Three‐dimensional (3D) cell culture has been reported to increase the therapeutic potentials of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of 3D spheroids of human adipose‐derived MSCs for acute kidney injury (AKI). In vitro studies indicated that 3D spheroids of MSCs produced higher levels of extracellular matrix proteins (including collagen I, fibronectin and laminin), and exhibited stronger anti‐apoptotic and anti‐oxidative capacities than two‐dimensional (2D) cultured cells. Furthermore, 3D culture increased the paracrine secretion of cytokines by MSCs, including angiogenic factors (VEGF and basic fibroblast growth factor), anti‐apoptotic factors (epidermal growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor), the anti‐oxidative factor insulin‐like growth factor and the anti‐inflammatory protein tumour necrosis factor‐alpha stimulated gene/protein 6. Consistent with in vitro experiments, 3D spheroids of MSCs showed enhanced survival and paracrine effects in vivo. More importantly, when injected into the kidney of model rats with ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R)‐induced AKI, 3D spheroids were more beneficial in protecting the I/R kidney against apoptosis, reducing tissue damage, promoting vascularization and ameliorating renal function compared with 2D cultured cells. Therefore, the 3D culture strategy improved the therapeutic effects of MSCs, and might be promising for AKI treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Taoping Shi
- Department of Urology, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Axiang Xu
- Department of Urology, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Burks SR, Nguyen BA, Tebebi PA, Kim SJ, Bresler MN, Ziadloo A, Street JM, Yuen PST, Star RA, Frank JA. Pulsed focused ultrasound pretreatment improves mesenchymal stromal cell efficacy in preventing and rescuing established acute kidney injury in mice. Stem Cells 2016; 33:1241-53. [PMID: 25640064 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Animal studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) infusions improve acute kidney injury (AKI) outcomes when administered early after ischemic/reperfusion injury or within 24 hours after cisplatin administration. These findings have spurred several human clinical trials to prevent AKI. However, no specific therapy effectively treats clinically obvious AKI or rescues renal function once advanced injury is established. We investigated if noninvasive image-guided pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) could alter the kidney microenvironment to enhance homing of subsequently infused MSC. To examine the efficacy of pFUS-enhanced cell homing in disease, we targeted pFUS to kidneys to enhance MSC homing after cisplatin-induced AKI. We found that pFUS enhanced MSC homing at 1 day post-cisplatin, prior to renal functional deficits, and that enhanced homing improved outcomes of renal function, tubular cell death, and regeneration at 5 days post-cisplatin compared to MSC alone. We then investigated whether pFUS+MSC therapy could rescue established AKI. MSC alone at 3 days post-cisplatin, after renal functional deficits were obvious, significantly improved 7-day survival of animals. Survival was further improved by pFUS and MSC. pFUS prior to MSC injections increased IL-10 production by MSC that homed to kidneys and generated an anti-inflammatory immune cell profile in treated kidneys. This study shows pFUS is a neoadjuvant approach to improve MSC homing to diseased organs. pFUS with MSC better prevents AKI than MSC alone and allows rescue therapy in established AKI, which currently has no meaningful therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Burks
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Imaging Sciences Training Program, Clinical Center and National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Suzuki E, Fujita D, Takahashi M, Oba S, Nishimatsu H. Adult stem cells as a tool for kidney regeneration. World J Nephrol 2016; 5:43-52. [PMID: 26788463 PMCID: PMC4707167 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney regeneration is a challenging but promising strategy aimed at reducing the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and improving the quality of life of patients with ESRD. Adult stem cells are multipotent stem cells that reside in various tissues, such as bone marrow and adipose tissue. Although intensive studies to isolate kidney stem/progenitor cells from the adult kidney have been performed, it remains controversial whether stem/progenitor cells actually exist in the mammalian adult kidney. The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the recovery of kidney function has been demonstrated in animal nephropathy models, such as acute tubular injury, glomerulonephritis, renal artery stenosis, and remnant kidney. However, their beneficial effects seem to be mediated largely via their paracrine effects rather than their direct differentiation into renal parenchymal cells. MSCs not only secrete bioactive molecules directly into the circulation, but they also release various molecules, such as proteins, mRNA, and microRNA, in membrane-covered vesicles. A detailed analysis of these molecules and an exploration of the optimal combination of these molecules will enable the treatment of patients with kidney disease without using stem cells. Another option for the treatment of patients with kidney disease using adult somatic cells is a direct/indirect reprogramming of adult somatic cells into kidney stem/progenitor cells. Although many hurdles still need to be overcome, this strategy will enable bona fide kidney regeneration rather than kidney repair using remnant renal parenchymal cells.
Collapse
|
43
|
Neuromuscular Regeneration: Perspective on the Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Secretion Products. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:9756973. [PMID: 26880998 PMCID: PMC4736584 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9756973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are posing as a promising character in the most recent therapeutic strategies and, since their discovery, extensive knowledge on their features and functions has been gained. In recent years, innovative sources have been disclosed in alternative to the bone marrow, conveying their associated ethical concerns and ease of harvest, such as the umbilical cord tissue and the dental pulp. These are also amenable of cryopreservation and thawing for desired purposes, in benefit of the donor itself or other patients in pressing need. These sources present promising possibilities in becoming useful cell sources for therapeutic applications in the forthcoming years. Effective and potential applications of these cellular-based strategies for the regeneration of peripheral nerve are overviewed, documenting recent advances and identified issues for this research area in the near future. Finally, besides the differentiation capacities attributed to mesenchymal stem cells, advances in the recognition of their effective mode of action in the regenerative theatre have led to a new area of interest: the mesenchymal stem cells' secretome. The paracrine modulatory pathway appears to be a major mechanism by which these are beneficial to nerve regeneration and comprehension on the specific growth factors, cytokine, and extracellular molecules secretion profiles is therefore of great interest.
Collapse
|
44
|
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor induced the differentiation of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells into vascular endothelial-like cells in vitro. J Mol Histol 2015; 47:9-19. [PMID: 26712153 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-015-9649-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) are a novel source of stem cells that are isolated and cultured from second trimester amniocentesis. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) acts as a tissue morphogen and regulates stem cell proliferation and differentiation. This study investigated the effect of an adenovirus-mediated GDNF gene, which was engineered into AFSCs, on the cells' biological properties and whether GDNF in combination with AFSCs can be directionally differentiated into vascular endothelial-like cells in vitro. AFSCs were isolated and cultured using the plastic adherence method in vitro and identified by the transcription factor Oct-4, which is the primary marker of pluripotent stem cells. AFSCs were efficiently transfected by a GFP-labeled plasmid system of an adenovirus vector carrying the GDNF gene (Ad-GDNF-GFP). Transfected AFSCs stably expressed GDNF. Transfected AFSCs were cultured in endothelial growth medium-2 containing vascular endothelial growth factor. After 1 week, AFSCs were positive for von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD31, which are markers of endothelial cells, and the recombinant GDNF group was significantly higher than undifferentiated controls and the GFP only group. These results demonstrated that AFSCs differentiated into vascular endothelial-like cells in vitro, and recombinant GDNF promoted differentiation. The differentiation-induced AFSCs may be used as seed cells to provide a new manner of cell and gene therapies for transplantation into the vascular injury site to promote angiogenesis.
Collapse
|
45
|
Rogers J, Katari R, Gifford S, Tamburrini R, Edgar L, Voigt MR, Murphy SV, Igel D, Mancone S, Callese T, Colucci N, Mirzazadeh M, Peloso A, Zambon JP, Farney AC, Stratta RJ, Orlando G. Kidney transplantation, bioengineering and regeneration: an originally immunology-based discipline destined to transition towards ad hoc organ manufacturing and repair. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 12:169-82. [PMID: 26634874 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2016.1112268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation (KT), as a modality of renal replacement therapy (RRT), has been shown to be both economically and functionally superior to dialysis for the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Progress in KT is limited by two major barriers: a) a chronic and burgeoning shortage of transplantable organs and b) the need for chronic immunosuppression following transplantation. Although ground-breaking advances in transplant immunology have improved patient survival and graft durability, a new pathway of innovation is needed in order to overcome current obstacles. Regenerative medicine (RM) holds the potential to shift the paradigm in RRT, through organ bioengineering. Manufactured organs represent a potentially inexhaustible source of transplantable grafts that would bypass the need for immunosuppressive drugs by using autologous cells to repopulate extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds. This overview discusses the current status of renal transplantation while reviewing the most promising innovations in RM therapy as applied to RRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Rogers
- a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Ravi Katari
- b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Sheyna Gifford
- c Annenberg School for Communication & Journalism , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | | | - Lauren Edgar
- b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Marcia R Voigt
- b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Sean V Murphy
- d Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Daniel Igel
- b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Sara Mancone
- b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Tyler Callese
- b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Nicola Colucci
- a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Majid Mirzazadeh
- e Department of Urology , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Andrea Peloso
- f Department of General Surgery , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Joao Paulo Zambon
- d Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Alan C Farney
- a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Robert J Stratta
- a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Giuseppe Orlando
- a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Schiavo AA, Franzin C, Albiero M, Piccoli M, Spiro G, Bertin E, Urbani L, Visentin S, Cosmi E, Fadini GP, De Coppi P, Pozzobon M. Endothelial properties of third-trimester amniotic fluid stem cells cultured in hypoxia. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:209. [PMID: 26519360 PMCID: PMC4628318 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endothelial dysfunction is found in different pathologies such as diabetes and renal and heart diseases, representing one of the major health problems. The reduced vasodilation of impaired endothelium starts a prothrombotic state associated with irregular blood flow. We aimed to explore the potential of amniotic fluid stem (AFS) cells as a source for regenerative medicine in this field; for the first time, we focused on third-trimester amniotic fluid AFS cells and compared them with the already-described AFS cells from the second trimester. Methods Cells from the two trimesters were cultured, selected and expanded in normoxia (20 % oxygen) and hypoxia (5 % oxygen). Cells were analysed to compare markers, proliferation rate and differentiation abilities. Endothelial potential was assessed not only in vitro—Matrigel tube formation assay, acetylated human low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL) uptake—but also in vivo (Matrigel plug with cell injection and two animal models). Specifically, for the latter, we used established protocols to assess the involvement of AFS cells in two different mouse models of endothelial dysfunction: (1) a chronic ischemia model with local injection of cells and (2) an electric carotid damage where cells were systemically injected. Results We isolated and expanded AFS cells from third-trimester amniotic fluid samples by using CD117 as a selection marker. Hypoxia enhanced the proliferation rate, the surface protein pattern was conserved between the trimesters and comparable differentiation was achieved after culture in both normoxia and hypoxia. Notably, the expression of early endothelial transcription factors and AngiomiRs was detected before and after induction. When in vivo, AFS cells from both trimesters expanded in hypoxia were able to rescue the surface blood flow when locally injected in mice after chronic ischemia damage, and importantly AFS cells at term of gestation possessed enhanced ability to fix carotid artery electric damage compared with AFS cells from the second trimester. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research work that fully characterizes AFS cells from the third trimester for regenerative medicine purposes. The results highlight how AFS cells, in particular at term of gestation and cultured in hypoxia, can be considered a promising source of stem cells possessing significant endothelial regenerative potential. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0204-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Alex Schiavo
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy. .,Department of Woman and Children Health, University of Padova, via Giustinani 2, 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Chiara Franzin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy.
| | - Mattia Albiero
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy. .,Medicine Department (DIMED), University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Martina Piccoli
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Spiro
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy. .,Medicine Department (DIMED), University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Enrica Bertin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy.
| | - Luca Urbani
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy. .,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental biology and Cancer Program, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, UK.
| | - Silvia Visentin
- Department of Woman and Children Health, University of Padova, via Giustinani 2, 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Erich Cosmi
- Department of Woman and Children Health, University of Padova, via Giustinani 2, 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy. .,Medicine Department (DIMED), University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35100, Padova, Italy.
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental biology and Cancer Program, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, UK.
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xinaris C, Benedetti V, Novelli R, Abbate M, Rizzo P, Conti S, Tomasoni S, Corna D, Pozzobon M, Cavallotti D, Yokoo T, Morigi M, Benigni A, Remuzzi G. Functional Human Podocytes Generated in Organoids from Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:1400-11. [PMID: 26516208 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Generating kidney organoids using human stem cells could offer promising prospects for research and therapeutic purposes. However, no cell-based strategy has generated nephrons displaying an intact three-dimensional epithelial filtering barrier. Here, we generated organoids using murine embryonic kidney cells, and documented that these tissues recapitulated the complex three-dimensional filtering structure of glomerular slits in vivo and accomplished selective glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption. Exploiting this technology, we mixed human amniotic fluid stem cells with mouse embryonic kidney cells to establish three-dimensional chimeric organoids that engrafted in vivo and grew to form vascularized glomeruli and tubular structures. Human cells contributed to the formation of glomerular structures, differentiated into podocytes with slit diaphragms, and internalized exogenously infused BSA, thus attaining in vivo degrees of specialization and function unprecedented for donor stem cells. In conclusion, human amniotic fluid stem cell chimeric organoids may offer new paths for studying renal development and human podocyte disease, and for facilitating drug discovery and translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christodoulos Xinaris
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy;
| | - Valentina Benedetti
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Rubina Novelli
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mauro Abbate
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paola Rizzo
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sara Conti
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Susanna Tomasoni
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Daniela Corna
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniela Cavallotti
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Takashi Yokoo
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marina Morigi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy; Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy; and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Di Trapani M, Bassi G, Fontana E, Giacomello L, Pozzobon M, Guillot PV, De Coppi P, Krampera M. Immune regulatory properties of CD117(pos) amniotic fluid stem cells vary according to gestational age. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:132-43. [PMID: 25072397 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amniotic Fluid Stem (AFS) cells are broadly multipotent fetal stem cells derived from the positive selection and ex vivo expansion of amniotic fluid CD117/c-kit(pos) cells. Considering the differentiation potential in vitro toward cell lineages belonging to the three germ layers, AFS cells have raised great interest as a new therapeutic tool, but their immune properties still need to be assessed. We analyzed the in vitro immunological properties of AFS cells from different gestational age in coculture with T, B, and natural killer (NK) cells. Nonactivated (resting) first trimester-AFS cells showed lower expression of HLA class-I molecules and NK-activating ligands than second and third trimester-AFS cells, whose features were associated with lower sensitivity to NK cell-mediated lysis. Nevertheless, inflammatory priming with interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) enhanced resistance of all AFS cell types to NK cytotoxicity. AFS cells modulated lymphocyte proliferation in a different manner according to gestational age: first trimester-AFS cells significantly inhibited T and NK cell proliferation, while second and third trimester-AFS cells were less efficient. In addition, only inflammatory-primed second trimester-AFS cells could suppress B cell proliferation, which was not affected by the first and third trimester-AFS cells. Indolamine 2,3 dioxygenase pathway was significantly involved only in T cell suppression mediated by second and third trimester-AFS cells. Overall, this study shows a number of significant quantitative differences among AFS cells of different gestational age that have to be considered in view of their clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Di Trapani
- 1 Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona , Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidney diseases are a global public health problem whose incidence is rapidly growing due to a global rise in the aged population and the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes. With the emergence of stem cells as potential therapeutic agents, attempts in using them to significantly reduce the burden of these diseases have increased. AREAS COVERED Several types of stem cells have been proven to be likely candidates for treating kidney diseases. We discuss in detail the potential use of mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical and clinical works, with additional populations that have been studied briefly described. Moreover, we discuss current knowledge on endogenous kidney regeneration ability and on the possibility to modulate it using chemical and biological agents. EXPERT OPINION Stem cell therapy is a promising new treatment for kidney disease documented in many animal studies. Mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as a promising cell type, but their efficacy in clinical trials is still controversial. Identification of progenitor cells in the adult kidney is another step forward in regenerative medicine, suggesting the repair potential of the adult kidney and the possible modulation of renal progenitors in situ using pharmacological approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lazzeri
- a University of Florence; Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE) , Florence, Italy +390552758342 ; ;
| | - Paola Romagnani
- a University of Florence; Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE) , Florence, Italy +390552758342 ; ;
| | - Laura Lasagni
- a University of Florence; Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE) , Florence, Italy +390552758342 ; ;
| |
Collapse
|