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Chen Y, Chen J, Zou Z, Xu L, Li J. Crosstalk between autophagy and metabolism: implications for cell survival in acute myeloid leukemia. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:46. [PMID: 38267416 PMCID: PMC10808206 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a prevalent form of leukemia in adults, is often characterized by low response rates to chemotherapy, high recurrence rates, and unfavorable prognosis. A critical barrier in managing refractory or recurrent AML is the resistance to chemotherapy. Increasing evidence indicates that tumor cell metabolism plays a crucial role in AML progression, survival, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Autophagy, an essential regulator of cellular energy metabolism, is increasingly recognized for its role in the metabolic reprogramming of AML. Autophagy sustains leukemia cells during chemotherapy by not only providing energy but also facilitating rapid proliferation through the supply of essential components such as amino acids and nucleotides. Conversely, the metabolic state of AML cells can influence the activity of autophagy. Their mutual coordination helps maintain intrinsic cellular homeostasis, which is a significant contributor to chemotherapy resistance in leukemia cells. This review explores the recent advancements in understanding the interaction between autophagy and metabolism in AML cells, emphasizing their roles in cell survival and drug resistance. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between autophagy and leukemia cell metabolism can shed light on leukemia cell survival strategies, particularly under adverse conditions such as chemotherapy. This insight may also pave the way for innovative targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Taizhou University, 318000, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jia Chen
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenyou Zou
- Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 542005, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China.
| | - Linglong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, North Sichuan Medical College, 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Song Y, Zhang J, Wang H, Wang H, Liu Y, Hu Z. Histone lysine demethylase 3B regulates autophagy via transcriptional regulation of GABARAPL1 in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:87. [PMID: 37326062 PMCID: PMC10552699 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is a highly conserved self‑digestion process that is critical for maintaining homeostasis in response to various stresses. The autophagy‑related protein family, including the GABA type A receptor‑associated protein (GABARAP) and microtubule‑associated protein 1 light chain 3 subfamilies, is crucial for autophagosome biogenesis. Although the regulatory machinery of autophagy in the cytoplasm has been widely studied, its transcriptional and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms still require more targeted investigations. The present study identified histone lysine demethylase 3B (KDM3B) as a crucial component of autophagy on a panel of leukemia cell lines, including K562, THP1 and U937, resulting in transcriptional activation of the autophagy‑related gene GABA type A receptor‑associated protein like 1 (GABARAPL1). KDM3B expression promoted autophagosome formation and affected the autophagic flux in leukemia cells under the induction of external stimuli. Notably, RNA‑sequencing and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR analysis showed that KDM3B knockout inhibited the expression of GABARAPL1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation‑quantitative PCR and luciferase assay showed that KDM3B was associated with the GABARAPL1 gene promoter under stimulation and enhanced its transcription. The present findings demonstrated that KDM3B was critical for regulating the GABARAPL1 gene and influencing the process of autophagy in leukemia cells. These results provide a new insight for exploring the association between autophagy and KDM3B epigenetic regulation in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
- Granduate School, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
- Granduate School, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
| | - Zhenbo Hu
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261042
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Hasan KMM, Haque MA. Autophagy and Its Lineage-Specific Roles in the Hematopoietic System. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:8257217. [PMID: 37180758 PMCID: PMC10171987 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8257217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a dynamic process that regulates the selective and nonselective degradation of cytoplasmic components, such as damaged organelles and protein aggregates inside lysosomes to maintain tissue homeostasis. Different types of autophagy including macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperon-mediated autophagy (CMA) have been implicated in a variety of pathological conditions, such as cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, and developmental disorders. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism and biological functions of autophagy have been extensively studied in vertebrate hematopoiesis and human blood malignancies. In recent years, the hematopoietic lineage-specific roles of different autophagy-related (ATG) genes have gained more attention. The evolution of gene-editing technology and the easy access nature of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), hematopoietic progenitors, and precursor cells have facilitated the autophagy research to better understand how ATG genes function in the hematopoietic system. Taking advantage of the gene-editing platform, this review has summarized the roles of different ATGs at the hematopoietic cell level, their dysregulation, and pathological consequences throughout hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Md Anwarul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
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Bednarczyk M, Kociszewska K, Grosicka O, Grosicki S. The role of autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia development. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:5-18. [PMID: 36563329 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2161518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autophagy is a highly conservative self-degradative process. It aims at elimination-impaired proteins and cellular organelles. Previous research confirmed the autophagy role in cancer pathogenesis. AREAS COVERED This article discusses the role of autophagy in the development of AML. Autophagy seems to be a 'double-sword' mechanism, hence, either its suppression or induction could promote neoplasm growth. This mechanism could also be the aim of the 'molecular targeted therapy.' Chemo- and radiotherapy induce cellular stress in neoplasm cells with subsequent autophagy suppression. Simultaneously, it is claimed that the autophagy suppression increases chemosensitivity 'in neoplastic cells. Some agents, like bortezomib, in turn could promote autophagy process, e.g. in AML (acute myeloid leukemia). However, currently there are not many studies focusing on the role of autophagy in patients suffering for AML. In this review, we summarize the research done so far on the role of autophagy in the development of AML. EXPERT OPINION The analysis of autophagy genes expression profiling in AML could be a relevant factor in the diagnostic process and treatment 'individualization.' Autophagy modulation seems to be a relevant target in the oncological therapy - it could limit disease progression and increase the effectiveness of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Bednarczyk
- Department of Hematology and Cancer Prevention, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Kociszewska
- Department of Hematology and Cancer Prevention, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Sebastian Grosicki
- Department of Hematology and Cancer Prevention, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Seo W, Silwal P, Song IC, Jo EK. The dual role of autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:51. [PMID: 35526025 PMCID: PMC9077970 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a severe hematologic malignancy prevalent in older patients, and the identification of potential therapeutic targets for AML is problematic. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent catabolic pathway involved in the tumorigenesis and/or treatment of various cancers. Mounting evidence has suggested that autophagy plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of AML and anticancer responses. In this review, we describe recent updates on the multifaceted functions of autophagy linking to genetic alterations of AML. We also summarize the latest evidence for autophagy-related genes as potential prognostic predictors and drivers of AML tumorigenesis. We then discuss the crosstalk between autophagy and tumor cell metabolism into the impact on both AML progression and anti-leukemic treatment. Moreover, a series of autophagy regulators, i.e., the inhibitors and activators, are described as potential therapeutics for AML. Finally, we describe the translation of autophagy-modulating therapeutics into clinical practice. Autophagy in AML is a double-edged sword, necessitating a deeper understanding of how autophagy influences dual functions in AML tumorigenesis and anti-leukemic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhyoung Seo
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Prashanta Silwal
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Ik-Chan Song
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
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6
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Autophagy a Close Relative of AML Biology. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10060552. [PMID: 34207482 PMCID: PMC8235674 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults. Despite a high rate of complete remission following conventional chemotherapy, the prognosis remains poor due to frequent relapses caused by relapse-initiating leukemic cells (RICs), which are resistant to chemotherapies. While the development of new targeted therapies holds great promise (e.g., molecules targeting IDH1/2, FLT3, BCL2), relapses still occur. Therefore, a paramount issue in the elimination of RICs is to decipher the AML resistance mechanisms. Thus, it has been recently shown that AML cells exhibit metabolic changes in response to chemotherapy or targeted therapies. Autophagy is a major regulator of cell metabolism, involved in maintaining cancer state, metastasis, and resistance to anticancer therapy. However, whether autophagy acts as a tumor suppressor or promoter in AML is still a matter of debate. Therefore, depending on molecular AML subtypes or treatments used, a better understanding of the role of autophagy is needed to determine whether its modulation could result in a clinical benefit. Abstract Autophagy, which literally means “eat yourself”, is more than just a lysosomal degradation pathway. It is a well-known regulator of cellular metabolism and a mechanism implicated in tumor initiation/progression and therapeutic resistance in many cancers. However, whether autophagy acts as a tumor suppressor or promoter is still a matter of debate. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), it is now proven that autophagy supports cell proliferation in vitro and leukemic progression in vivo. Mitophagy, the specific degradation of mitochondria through autophagy, was recently shown to be required for leukemic stem cell functions and survival, highlighting the prominent role of this selective autophagy in leukemia initiation and progression. Moreover, autophagy in AML sustains fatty acid oxidation through lipophagy to support mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPHOS), a hallmark of chemotherapy-resistant cells. Nevertheless, in the context of therapy, in AML, as well as in other cancers, autophagy could be either cytoprotective or cytotoxic, depending on the drugs used. This review summarizes the recent findings that mechanistically show how autophagy favors leukemic transformation of normal hematopoietic stem cells, as well as AML progression and also recapitulates its ambivalent role in resistance to chemotherapies and targeted therapies.
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Zada S, Hwang JS, Ahmed M, Lai TH, Pham TM, Elashkar O, Kim DR. Cross talk between autophagy and oncogenic signaling pathways and implications for cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188565. [PMID: 33992723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved metabolic process involved in the degradation of intracellular components including proteins and organelles. Consequently, it plays a critical role in recycling metabolic energy for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis in response to various stressors. In cancer, autophagy either suppresses or promotes cancer progression depending on the stage and cancer type. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer metastasis are directly mediated by oncogenic signal proteins including SNAI1, SLUG, ZEB1/2, and NOTCH1, which are functionally correlated with autophagy. In this report, we discuss the crosstalk between oncogenic signaling pathways and autophagy followed by possible strategies for cancer treatment via regulation of autophagy. Although autophagy affects EMT and cancer metastasis, the overall signaling pathways connecting cancer progression and autophagy are still illusive. In general, autophagy plays a critical role in cancer cell survival by providing a minimum level of energy via self-digestion. Thus, cancer cells face nutrient limitations and challenges under stress during EMT and metastasis. Conversely, autophagy acts as a potential cancer suppressor by degrading oncogenic proteins, which are essential for cancer progression, and by removing damaged components such as mitochondria to enhance genomic stability. Therefore, autophagy activators or inhibitors represent possible cancer therapeutics. We further discuss the regulation of autophagy-dependent degradation of oncogenic proteins and its functional correlation with oncogenic signaling pathways, with potential applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahib Zada
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 527-27, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 527-27, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahmoud Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 527-27, Republic of Korea
| | - Trang Huyen Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 527-27, Republic of Korea
| | - Trang Minh Pham
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 527-27, Republic of Korea
| | - Omar Elashkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 527-27, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 527-27, Republic of Korea.
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Wu S, Lu D, Zheng X, Xu J, Li Z, Deng L, Hu Y. Dysregulation of autophagy-associated microRNAs in condyloma acuminatum. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 93:104878. [PMID: 33905885 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Condyloma acuminatum, which is caused by low-risk human papillomavirus (lrHPV) infection, is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Autophagy is thought to be associated with condyloma acuminatum, but how the autophagy process is regulated remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene transcription that play a central role in many biological processes, including autophagy and viral infection. This study was designed to identify autophagy-related miRNAs and their targets in condyloma acuminatum and to validate their expression. The levels of the autophagy proteins microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and P62/SQSTM1 (P62) were abnormally increased in the local lesion tissue of condyloma acuminatum patients compared with healthy controls. MiRNAs and their target mRNAs in condyloma acuminatum patients were analyzed by bioinformatics. Eighty-one differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, of which 56 were downregulated and 25 were upregulated. Two of the differentially expressed miRNAs associated with autophagy, miRNA-30a-5p and miRNA-514a-3p, were analyzed further, and their target genes were identified as autophagy-related protein (Atg) 5 and Atg12 and Atg3 and Atg12, respectively. The expression levels of miRNA-30a-5p and miRNA-514a-3p were decreased and those of Atg5, Atg12 and Atg3 were increased in condyloma acuminatum patients compared with healthy controls. In addition, miRNA-30a-5p and miRNA-514a-3p expression correlated with the proliferation index Ki-67 in condyloma acuminatum. Taken together, our results suggest that the changes in autophagy levels in patients with condyloma acuminatum may be related to the changes in miRNA-30a-5p and miRNA-514a-3p expression. This study provides a theoretical basis for identifying new mechanisms that link miRNAs, HPV infection and host autophagy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xinkai Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Laser Cosmetology, The fifth people's hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Liehua Deng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Fang Y, An N, Zhu L, Gu Y, Qian J, Jiang G, Zhao R, Wei W, Xu L, Zhang G, Yao X, Yuan N, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Wang J. Autophagy-Sirt3 axis decelerates hematopoietic aging. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13232. [PMID: 32951306 PMCID: PMC7576273 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy suppresses mitochondrial metabolism to preserve hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in mice. However, the mechanism by which autophagy regulates hematopoietic aging, in particular in humans, has largely been unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that reduction of autophagy in both hematopoietic cells and their stem cells is associated with aged hematopoiesis in human population. Mechanistically, autophagy delays hematopoietic aging by activating the downstream expression of Sirt3, a key mitochondrial protein capable of rejuvenating blood. Sirt3 is the most abundant Sirtuin family member in HSC‐enriched population, though it declines as the capacity for autophagy deteriorates with aging. Activation of autophagy upregulates Sirt3 in wild‐type mice, whereas in autophagy‐defective mice, Sirt3 expression is crippled in the entire hematopoietic hierarchy, but forced expression of Sirt3 in HSC‐enriched cells reduces oxidative stress and prevents accelerated hematopoietic aging from autophagy defect. Importantly, the upregulation of Sirt3 by manipulation of autophagy is validated in human HSC‐enriched cells. Thus, our results identify an autophagy‐Sirt3 axis in regulating hematopoietic aging and suggest a possible interventional solution to human blood rejuvenation via activation of the axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Fang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
| | - Ni An
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
| | - Lingjiang Zhu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
| | - Yue Gu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
| | - Jiawei Qian
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
| | - Gaoyue Jiang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
| | - Ruijin Zhao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
| | - Wen Wei
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
| | - Li Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
| | - Gaochuan Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Xingyun Yao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Na Yuan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute Jiangsu Institute of Hematology Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
- Department of Hematopoietic Engineering Susky Life SciTech (Suzhou) Co., LTD. Suzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection Soochow University School of Medicine Suzhou China
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10
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Blood autophagy defect causes accelerated non-hematopoietic organ aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:4910-4922. [PMID: 31327762 PMCID: PMC6682532 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy has been well studied in regulating aging; however, the impact of autophagy in one organ on the aging of other organs has not been documented. In this study, we used a mouse model with deletion of an autophagy-essential gene Atg7 in hematopoietic system to evaluate the intrinsic role of hematopoietic autophagy on the aging of non-hematopoietic organs. We found that autophagy defect in hematopoietic system causes growth retardation and shortened lifespan, along with aging-like phenotypes including hypertrophic heart, lung and spleen, but atrophic thymus and reduced bone mineral density at organismal level. Hematopoietic autophagy defect also causes increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial mass or aging gene expression at cellular level in multiple non-hematopoietic organs. The organ aging in the Atg7-deleted mice was reversed by anatomic connection to wild-type mice with intact blood autophagy via parabiosis, but not by injection of blood cell-free plasma. Our finding thus highlights an essential role of hematopoietic autophagy for decelerating aging in non-hematopoietic organs.
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11
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Mattes K, Vellenga E, Schepers H. Differential redox-regulation and mitochondrial dynamics in normal and leukemic hematopoietic stem cells: A potential window for leukemia therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 144:102814. [PMID: 31593878 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is poor, mainly due to disease relapse driven by leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Recent studies have highlighted the unique metabolic properties of LSCs, which might represent opportunities for LSC-selective targeting. LSCs characteristically have low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which apparently result from a combination of low mitochondrial activity and high activity of ROS-removing pathways such as autophagy. Due to this low activity, LSCs are highly dependent on mitochondrial regulatory mechanisms. These include the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, which also has crucial roles in regulating the mitochondrial membrane potential, and proteins involved in mitophagy. Here we review the different pathways that impact mitochondrial activity and redox-regulation, and highlight their relevance for the functionality of both HSCs and LSCs. Additionally, novel AML therapy strategies that are based on interference with those pathways, including the promising BCL-2 inhibitor Venetoclax, are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Mattes
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edo Vellenga
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hein Schepers
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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12
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Ge C, An N, Li L, Wei W, Ji L, Yuan N, Fang Y, Xu L, Song L, Zhang J, Song C, Wang J, Zhang S. Autophagy-deficient mice are more susceptible to engrafted leukemogenesis. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2019; 77:129-136. [PMID: 31059942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is primarily considered as an important survival mechanism for both normal cells and cancer cells in response to metabolic stress or chemotherapy; but the role of autophagy in leukemogenesis is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to explore the role of intrinsic autophagy in the leukemogenesis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In this study, conditional knockout mice Atg7f/f;Ubc-Cre, in which an autophagy-essential gene Atg7 is universally deleted, were used as recipients, B-ALL cell line 697 was used as donor cells to generate leukemia mouse model. Compared to wild-type mice, Atg7 knockout mice were more susceptible to engrafted leukemogenesis, shown by increase in white blood cells, lymphocytes, and platelets, decrease in HSPC number and its colony-forming unit (CFU). The liver and spleen displayed hepatosplenomegaly and inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, second competitive transplantation revealed dysfunction of the HSPC in Atg7-knockout leukemia mice represented by destructive self-renew ability (CFU) and reconstitution ability including decreased B220, Ter 119 cells, and increased Gr-1 cell percentage. In summary, Mice with universal deletion of Atg7 are more inclined to the occurrence of engrafted human leukemia, which is largely attributed to the deterioration of the function of HSPC in autophagy deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorong Ge
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ni An
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Li
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen Wei
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Ji
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lin Song
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chenglin Song
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Suping Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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13
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Therapeutic Modulation of Autophagy in Leukaemia and Lymphoma. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020103. [PMID: 30704144 PMCID: PMC6406467 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematopoiesis is a tightly orchestrated process where a pool of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with high self-renewal potential can give rise to both lymphoid and myeloid lineages. The HSPCs pool is reduced with ageing resulting in few HSPC clones maintaining haematopoiesis thereby reducing blood cell diversity, a phenomenon called clonal haematopoiesis. Clonal expansion of HSPCs carrying specific genetic mutations leads to increased risk for haematological malignancies. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that hematopoietic tumours develop in higher frequency in elderly people. Unfortunately, elderly patients with leukaemia or lymphoma still have an unsatisfactory prognosis compared to younger ones highlighting the need to develop more efficient therapies for this group of patients. Growing evidence indicates that macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is essential for health and longevity. This review is focusing on the role of autophagy in normal haematopoiesis as well as in leukaemia and lymphoma development. Attenuated autophagy may support early hematopoietic neoplasia whereas activation of autophagy in later stages of tumour development and in response to a variety of therapies rather triggers a pro-tumoral response. Novel insights into the role of autophagy in haematopoiesis will be discussed in light of designing new autophagy modulating therapies in hematopoietic cancers.
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14
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Wang JJ, Zhu JD, Zhang XH, Long TT, Ge G, Yu Y. Neuroprotective effect of Notch pathway inhibitor DAPT against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion 3 hours before model establishment. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:452-461. [PMID: 30539813 PMCID: PMC6334612 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.245469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As an inhibitor of the Notch signaling pathway, N-[N-(3,5-difluorohenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine tert-butyl ester (DAPT) may protect brain tissue from serious ischemic injury. This study aimed to explore neuroprotection by DAPT after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. DAPT was intraperitoneally injected 3 hours before the establishment of a focal cerebral I/R model in the right middle cerebral artery of obstructed mice. Longa scores were used to assess neurological changes of mice. Nissl staining and TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling staining were used to examine neuronal damage and cell apoptosis in the right prefrontal cortex, while immunofluorescence staining was used to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein- and Notch1-positive cells. Protein expression levels of Hes1 and Hes5 were detected by western blot assay in the right prefrontal cortex. Our results demonstrated that DAPT significantly improved neurobehavioral scores and relieved neuronal morphological damage. DAPT decreased the number of glial fibrillary acidic protein- and Notch1-positive cells in the right prefrontal cortex, while also reducing the number of apoptotic cells and decreasing interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α contents, and simultaneously downregulating Hes1 and Hes5 protein expression. These findings verify that DAPT alleviates pathological lesions and strengthens the anti-inflammatory response after cerebral I/R injury. Thus, DAPT might be developed as an effective drug for the prevention of cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jun-De Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xian-Hu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Long
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Guo Ge
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou Province, China
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15
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Karabulutoglu M, Finnon R, Imaoka T, Friedl AA, Badie C. Influence of diet and metabolism on hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia development following ionizing radiation exposure. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 95:452-479. [PMID: 29932783 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1490042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The review aims to discuss the prominence of dietary and metabolic regulators in maintaining hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function, long-term self-renewal, and differentiation. RESULTS Most adult stem cells are preserved in a quiescent, nonmotile state in vivo which acts as a "protective state" for stem cells to reduce endogenous stress provoked by DNA replication and cellular respiration as well as exogenous environmental stress. The dynamic balance between quiescence, self-renewal and differentiation is critical for supporting a functional blood system throughout life of an organism. Stress-conditions, for example ionizing radiation exposure can trigger the blood forming HSCs to proliferate and migrate through extramedullary tissues to expand the number of HSCs and increase hematopoiesis. In addition, a wealth of investigation validated that deregulation of this balance plays a critical pathogenic role in various different hematopoietic diseases including the leukemia development. CONCLUSION The review summarizes the current knowledge on how alterations in dietary and metabolic factors could alter the risk of leukemia development following ionizing radiation exposure by inhibiting or even reversing the leukemic progression. Understanding the influence of diet, metabolism, and epigenetics on radiation-induced leukemogenesis may lead to the development of practical interventions to reduce the risk in exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Karabulutoglu
- a Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Biological Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Didcot , UK.,b CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Rosemary Finnon
- a Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Biological Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Didcot , UK
| | - Tatsuhiko Imaoka
- c Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Chiba , Japan
| | - Anna A Friedl
- d Department of Radiation Oncology , University Hospital, LMU Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Christophe Badie
- a Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Biological Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Didcot , UK
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16
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Lleonart ME, Abad E, Graifer D, Lyakhovich A. Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Autophagy Defines the Fate of Cancer Stem Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1066-1079. [PMID: 28683561 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: A fraction of tumorigenic cells, also known as tumor initiating or cancer stem cells (CSCs), is thought to drive tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance. However, little is known regarding mechanisms that convey relevant pathways contributing to their self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation abilities. Recent Advances: Recent works on CSCs provide evidence on the role of redox disruption and regulation of autophagic flux. This has been linked to increased DNA repair capacity and chemoresistance. Critical Issues: The current review summarizes the most recent studies assessing the role of redox homeostasis, autophagy, and chemoresistance in CSCs, including some novel findings on microRNAs and their role in horizontal transfer within cancer cell populations. Future Directions: Rational anticancer therapy and prevention should rely on the fact that cancer is a redox disease with the CSCs being the apex modulated by redox-mediated autophagy. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1066-1079.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde E Lleonart
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Etna Abad
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dmitry Graifer
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia.,ICRC-FNUSA, International Clinical Research Center and St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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17
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Qiu W, Sun B, He F, Zhang Y. MTA-induced Notch activation enhances the proliferation of human dental pulp cells by inhibiting autophagic flux. Int Endod J 2017; 50 Suppl 2:e52-e62. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Qiu
- Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen China
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen China
| | - B. Sun
- Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen China
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen China
| | - F. He
- Department of Stomatology; the Second Clinical Medical College; Shenzhen People's Hospital; Jinan University; Shenzhen China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Key Lab in Healthy Science and Technology; Division of Life Science; Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen China
- Open FIESTA Center; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen China
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18
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Targeting autophagy in cancer stem cells as an anticancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2017; 393:33-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Jacquel A, Luciano F, Puissant A, Robert G, Auberger P. [Autophagy, a key player in leukemogenesis and a therapeutic target in hematopoietic malignancies]. Med Sci (Paris) 2017; 33:226-229. [PMID: 28367807 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20173303007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Jacquel
- Inserm U1065 (C3M), Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Hôpital de l'Archet, bâtiment Archimed, 151 route de St-Antoine de Ginèstière, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Frédéric Luciano
- Inserm U1065 (C3M), Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Hôpital de l'Archet, bâtiment Archimed, 151 route de St-Antoine de Ginèstière, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Alexandre Puissant
- Inserm U1065 (C3M), Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Hôpital de l'Archet, bâtiment Archimed, 151 route de St-Antoine de Ginèstière, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Guillaume Robert
- Inserm U1065 (C3M), Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Hôpital de l'Archet, bâtiment Archimed, 151 route de St-Antoine de Ginèstière, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Patrick Auberger
- Inserm U1065 (C3M), Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Hôpital de l'Archet, bâtiment Archimed, 151 route de St-Antoine de Ginèstière, 06204 Nice, France
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20
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Xu F, Fang Y, Yan L, Xu L, Zhang S, Cao Y, Xu L, Zhang X, Xie J, Jiang G, Ge C, An N, Zhou D, Yuan N, Wang J. Nuclear localization of Beclin 1 promotes radiation-induced DNA damage repair independent of autophagy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45385. [PMID: 28345663 PMCID: PMC5366945 DOI: 10.1038/srep45385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Beclin 1 is a well-established core mammalian autophagy protein that is embryonically indispensable and has been presumed to suppress oncogenesis via an autophagy-mediated mechanism. Here, we show that Beclin 1 is a prenatal primary cytoplasmic protein but rapidly relocated into the nucleus during postnatal development in mice. Surprisingly, deletion of beclin1 in in vitro human cells did not block an autophagy response, but attenuated the expression of several DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair proteins and formation of repair complexes, and reduced an ability to repair DNA in the cells exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Overexpressing Beclin 1 improved the repair of IR-induced DSB, but did not restore an autophagy response in cells lacking autophagy gene Atg7, suggesting that Beclin 1 may regulate DSB repair independent of autophagy in the cells exposed to IR. Indeed, we found that Beclin 1 could directly interact with DNA topoisomerase IIβ and was recruited to the DSB sites by the interaction. These findings reveal a novel function of Beclin 1 in regulation of DNA damage repair independent of its role in autophagy particularly when the cells are under radiation insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lili Yan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lan Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Yan Cao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jialing Xie
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Gaoyue Jiang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chaorong Ge
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ni An
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Na Yuan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
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21
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Xu F, Li X, Yan L, Yuan N, Fang Y, Cao Y, Xu L, Zhang X, Xu L, Ge C, An N, Jiang G, Xie J, Zhang H, Jiang J, Li X, Yao L, Zhang S, Zhou D, Wang J. Autophagy Promotes the Repair of Radiation-Induced DNA Damage in Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Cells via Enhanced STAT3 Signaling. Radiat Res 2017; 187:382-396. [PMID: 28327001 DOI: 10.1667/rr14640.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy protects hematopoietic cells from radiation damage in part by promoting DNA damage repair. However, the molecular mechanisms by which autophagy regulates DNA damage repair remain largely elusive. Here, we report that this radioprotective effect of autophagy depends on STAT3 signaling in murine bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs). Specifically, we found that STAT3 activation and nuclear translocation in BM-MNCs were increased by activation of autophagy with an mTOR inhibitor and decreased by knockout of the autophagy gene Atg7. The autophagic regulation of STAT3 activation is likely mediated by induction of KAP1 degradation, because we showed that KAP1 directly interacted with STAT3 in the cytoplasm and knockdown of KAP1 increased the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3. Subsequently, activated STAT3 transcriptionally upregulated the expression of BRCA1, which increased the ability of BM-MNCs to repair radiation-induced DNA damage. This novel finding that activation of autophagy can promote DNA damage repair in BM-MNCs via the ATG-KAP1-STAT3-BRCA1 pathway suggests that autophagy plays an important role in maintaining genomic integrity of BM-MNCs and its activation may confer protection of BM-MNCs against radiation-induced genotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Li
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lili Yan
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Na Yuan
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yan Cao
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Xu
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lan Xu
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chaorong Ge
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ni An
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Gaoyue Jiang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jialing Xie
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han Zhang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiayi Jiang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Yao
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China.,b Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Daohong Zhou
- b Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Jianrong Wang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
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Radwan SM, Hamdy NM, Hegab HM, El-Mesallamy HO. Beclin-1 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α genes expression: Potential biomarkers in acute leukemia patients. Cancer Biomark 2017; 16:619-26. [PMID: 27002764 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beclin-1, an important autophagic gene, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), the master regulator of the hypoxic response, are reported in several human cancers. However, their expressions in acute leukemia haven't yet been well investigated. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the gene expression of beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain-3B (MAB1LC3B), the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2, and HIF-1α, as well as to evaluate the relationship between their expressions profile and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) adult patients. METHODS The study involved 30 AML patients, 25 ALL patients, and 20 controls. Gene expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). RESULTS In both AML and ALL groups, beclin-1 and MAB1LC3B expressions were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.001), while HIF-1α (p < 0.01) and Bcl-2 (p < 0.001) expressions were significantly up-regulated compared to the control group. HIF-1α fold expression was significantly negatively correlated with beclin-1 (p < 0.01). Moreover, decreased beclin-1 gene expression and increased HIF-1α gene expression were both associated with poor survival, supporting their pivotal role in the development and progression of acute leukemia. CONCLUSIONS Both Beclin-1 and HIF-1α could be considered as important biomarkers determinants of pathogenesis and survival in acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany M Hegab
- Department of Internal Medicine-Clinical Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O El-Mesallamy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Autophagy, a key mechanism of oncogenesis and resistance in leukemia. Blood 2016; 129:547-552. [PMID: 27956388 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-07-692707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal pathway involved in degradation of intracellular material. It appears as an adaptation mechanism that is essential for cellular homeostasis in response to various stress conditions. Over the past decade, many studies have linked alteration of autophagy with cancer initiation and progression, autoimmune, inflammatory, metabolic, and degenerative diseases. This review highlights recent findings on the impact of autophagy on leukemic transformation of normal hematopoietic stem cells and summarizes its role on leukemic cell response to chemotherapy.
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24
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Atg5-dependent autophagy contributes to the development of acute myeloid leukemia in an MLL-AF9-driven mouse model. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2361. [PMID: 27607576 PMCID: PMC5059867 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hierarchical hematopoietic malignancy originating from leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway that is hypothesized to be important for the maintenance of AML as well as contribute to chemotherapy response. Here we employ a mouse model of AML expressing the fusion oncogene MLL-AF9 and explore the effects of Atg5 deletion, a key autophagy protein, on the malignant transformation and progression of AML. Consistent with a transient decrease in colony-forming potential in vitro, the in vivo deletion of Atg5 in MLL-AF9-transduced bone marrow cells during primary transplantation prolonged the survival of recipient mice, suggesting that autophagy has a role in MLL-AF9-driven leukemia initiation. In contrast, deletion of Atg5 in malignant AML cells during secondary transplantation did not influence the survival or chemotherapeutic response of leukemic mice. Interestingly, autophagy was found to be involved in the survival of differentiated myeloid cells originating from MLL-AF9-driven LSCs. Taken together, our data suggest that Atg5-dependent autophagy may contribute to the development but not chemotherapy sensitivity of murine AML induced by MLL-AF9.
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25
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Dong Z, Liang S, Hu J, Jin W, Zhan Q, Zhao K. Autophagy as a target for hematological malignancy therapy. Blood Rev 2016; 30:369-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Wang J, Fang Y, Yan L, Yuan N, Zhang S, Xu L, Nie M, Zhang X, Wang J. Erythroleukemia cells acquire an alternative mitophagy capability. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24641. [PMID: 27091640 PMCID: PMC4835698 DOI: 10.1038/srep24641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia cells are superior to hematopoietic cells with a normal differentiation potential in buffering cellular stresses, but the underlying mechanisms for this leukemic advantage are not fully understood. Using CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of the canonical autophagy-essential gene Atg7, we found that erythroleukemia K562 cells are armed with two sets of autophagic machinery. Alternative mitophagy is functional regardless of whether the canonical autophagic mechanism is intact or disrupted. Although canonical autophagy defects attenuated cell cycling, proliferation and differentiation potential, the leukemia cells retained their abilities for mitochondrial clearance and for maintaining low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Treatment with a specific inducer of mitophagy revealed that the canonical autophagy-defective erythroleukemia cells preserved a mitophagic response. Selective induction of mitophagy was associated with the upregulation and localization of RAB9A on the mitochondrial membrane in both wild-type and Atg7(-/-) leukemia cells. When the leukemia cells were treated with the alternative autophagy inhibitor brefeldin A or when the RAB9A was knocked down, this mitophagy was prohibited. This was accompanied by elevated ROS levels and apoptosis as well as reduced DNA damage repair. Therefore, the results suggest that erythroleukemia K562 cells possess an ATG7-independent alternative mitophagic mechanism that functions even when the canonical autophagic process is impaired, thereby maintaining the ability to respond to stresses such as excessive ROS and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lili Yan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Meilan Nie
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
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27
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Cao Y, Fang Y, Cai J, Li X, Xu F, Yuan N, Zhang S, Wang J. ROS functions as an upstream trigger for autophagy to drive hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:613-618. [PMID: 27077779 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2016.1165446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We have recently described a mechanistic action of autophagy on hematopoiesis in which autophagy sustains hematopoietic stem cell multilineage differentiation by direct targeting of intracellular Notch. However, the upstream signal that triggers autophagy to degrade Notch during hematopoiesis remains elusive. METHODS Conditional autophagy-essential gene Atg7 knockout mouse model is used for identifying signals regulating autophagy in the promotion of hematopoiesis. RESULTS We find here that generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is progressively increased during hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, and inhibition of ROS production was found to attenuate the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. In hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) of wild-type mice, inhibition of ROS production downregulated autophagy activity but upregulated intracellular Notch and its downstream effectors. In contrast, in the HSPCs of autophagy fully defective mice, ROS inhibition did not alter myeloid differentiation, and hematopoietic stem cell differentiation to multi-lineages no longer responded to ROS inhibition. DISCUSSION The ROS-regulating hematopoiesis is mitochondrial origin, and this action depends on intact autophagy machinery capable of degrading intracellular Notch. CONCLUSION ROS functions as an upstream signal in the autophagic promotion of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cao
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University School of Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University School of Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Jinyang Cai
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University School of Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Xin Li
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University School of Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Fei Xu
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University School of Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Na Yuan
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University School of Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Suping Zhang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University School of Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- a Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology , Soochow University School of Medicine , Suzhou , China
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Cao Y, Zhang S, Yuan N, Wang J, Li X, Xu F, Lin W, Song L, Fang Y, Wang Z, Wang Z, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Hu S, Zhang X, Wang J. Hierarchal Autophagic Divergence of Hematopoietic System. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:23050-63. [PMID: 26245898 PMCID: PMC4645612 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.650028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is integral to hematopoiesis and protects against leukemogenesis. However, the fundamentals of the required molecular machinery have yet to be fully explored. Using conditional mouse models to create strategic defects in the hematopoietic hierarchy, we have shown that recovery capacities in stem cells and somatic cells differ if autophagy is impaired or flawed. An in vivo Atg7 deletion in hematopoietic stem cells completely ablates the autophagic response, leading to irreversible and ultimately lethal hematopoiesis. However, while no adverse phenotype is manifested in vivo by Atg7-deficient myeloid cells, they maintain active autophagy that is sensitive to brefeldin A, an inhibitor targeting Golgi-derived membranes destined for autophagosome formation in alternative autophagy. Removing Rab9, a key regulatory protein, in alternative autophagy, disables autophagy altogether in Atg7-deficient macrophages. Functional analysis indicates that ATG7-dependent canonical autophagy is physiologically active in both hematopoietic stem cells and in terminally differentiated hematopoietic cells; however, only terminally differentiated cells such as macrophages are rescued by alternative autophagy if canonical autophagy is ineffective. Thus, it appears that hematopoietic stem cells rely solely on ATG7-dependent canonical autophagy, whereas terminally differentiated or somatic cells are capable of alternative autophagy in the event that ATG7-mediated autophagy is dysfunctional. These findings offer new insight into the transformational trajectory of hematopoietic stem cells, which in our view renders the autophagic machinery in stem cells more vulnerable to disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cao
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Na Yuan
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Wang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Li
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fei Xu
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weiwei Lin
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lin Song
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhijian Wang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han Zhang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- From the Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
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