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Zou X, Dong Y, Alhaskawi A, Zhou H, Ezzi SHA, Kota VG, Abdulla MHAH, Abdalbary SA, Lu H, Wang C. Techniques and graft materials for repairing peripheral nerve defects. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1307883. [PMID: 38318237 PMCID: PMC10839026 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1307883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve defects refer to damage or destruction occurring in the peripheral nervous system, typically affecting the limbs and face. The current primary approaches to address peripheral nerve defects involve the utilization of autologous nerve transplants or the transplantation of artificial material. Nevertheless, these methods possess certain limitations, such as inadequate availability of donor nerve or unsatisfactory regenerative outcomes post-transplantation. Biomaterials have been extensively studied as an alternative approach to promote the repair of peripheral neve defects. These biomaterials include both natural and synthetic materials. Natural materials consist of collagen, chitosan, and silk, while synthetic materials consist of polyurethane, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone. Recently, several new neural repair technologies have also been developed, such as nerve regeneration bridging technology, electrical stimulation technology, and stem cell therapy technology. Overall, biomaterials and new neural repair technologies provide new methods and opportunities for repairing peripheral nerve defects. However, these methods still require further research and development to enhance their effectiveness and feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanzhao Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ahmad Alhaskawi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Zhou
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Biomedical Science, Shatin, China
| | | | | | | | - Sahar Ahmed Abdalbary
- Department of Orthopedic Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Nahda University in Beni Suef, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hui Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changxin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Gutiérrez B, González-Quijón ME, Martínez-Rodríguez P, Alarcón-Apablaza J, Godoy K, Cury DP, Lezcano MF, Vargas-Chávez D, Dias FJ. Comprehensive Development of a Cellulose Acetate and Soy Protein-Based Scaffold for Nerve Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:216. [PMID: 38257015 PMCID: PMC10820324 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The elaboration of biocompatible nerve guide conduits (NGCs) has been studied in recent years as a treatment for total nerve rupture lesions (axonotmesis). Different natural polymers have been used in these studies, including cellulose associated with soy protein. The purpose of this report was to describe manufacturing NGCs suitable for nerve regeneration using the method of dip coating and evaporation of solvent with cellulose acetate (CA) functionalized with soy protein acid hydrolysate (SPAH). METHODS The manufacturing method and bacterial control precautions for the CA/SPAH NGCs were described. The structure of the NGCs was analyzed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM); porosity was analyzed with a degassing method using a porosimeter. Schwann cell (SCL 4.1/F7) biocompatibility of cell-seeded nerve guide conduits was evaluated with the MTT assay. RESULTS The method employed allowed an easy elaboration and customization of NGCs, free of bacteria, with pores in the internal surface, and the uniform wall thickness allowed manipulation, which showed flexibility; additionally, the sample was suturable. The NGCs showed initial biocompatibility with Schwann cells, revealing cells adhered to the NGC structure after 5 days. CONCLUSIONS The fabricated CA/SPAH NGCs showed adequate features to be used for peripheral nerve regeneration studies. Future reports are necessary to discuss the ideal concentration of CA and SPAH and the mechanical and physicochemical properties of this biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Gutiérrez
- Master Program in Dental Sciences, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - María Eugenia González-Quijón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Paulina Martínez-Rodríguez
- Oral Biology Research Centre (CIBO-UFRO), Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Josefa Alarcón-Apablaza
- Research Centre in Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
- Doctoral Program in Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Karina Godoy
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Diego Pulzatto Cury
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
- Department of Cellular Biology and the Development, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - María Florencia Lezcano
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Oro Verde 3100, Argentina;
| | - Daniel Vargas-Chávez
- Doctoral Program in Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Mayor, Escuela Medicina Veterinaria, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Fernando José Dias
- Oral Biology Research Centre (CIBO-UFRO), Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
- Department of Integral Adults Dentistry, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
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Zennifer A, Thangadurai M, Sundaramurthi D, Sethuraman S. Additive manufacturing of peripheral nerve conduits - Fabrication methods, design considerations and clinical challenges. SLAS Technol 2023; 28:102-126. [PMID: 37028493 DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are a viable clinical alternative to autografts and allografts and have been widely used to treat peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs). Although these NGCs are successful to some extent, they cannot aid in native regeneration by improving native-equivalent neural innervation or regrowth. Further, NGCs exhibit longer recovery period and high cost limiting their clinical applications. Additive manufacturing (AM) could be an alternative to the existing drawbacks of the conventional NGCs fabrication methods. The emergence of the AM technique has offered ease for developing personalized three-dimensional (3D) neural constructs with intricate features and higher accuracy on a larger scale, replicating the native feature of nerve tissue. This review introduces the structural organization of peripheral nerves, the classification of PNI, and limitations in clinical and conventional nerve scaffold fabrication strategies. The principles and advantages of AM-based techniques, including the combinatorial approaches utilized for manufacturing 3D nerve conduits, are briefly summarized. This review also outlines the crucial parameters, such as the choice of printable biomaterials, 3D microstructural design/model, conductivity, permeability, degradation, mechanical property, and sterilization required to fabricate large-scale additive-manufactured NGCs successfully. Finally, the challenges and future directions toward fabricating the 3D-printed/bioprinted NGCs for clinical translation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Zennifer
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Madhumithra Thangadurai
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India.
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Kim JH, Choi YJ, Park HI, Ahn KM. The effect of FK506 (tacrolimus) loaded with collagen membrane and fibrin glue on promotion of nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve traction injury model. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 44:14. [PMID: 35384616 PMCID: PMC8986941 DOI: 10.1186/s40902-022-00339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral nerve injury is one of the most common injuries that might occur in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of FK506 loaded with collagen membrane and fibrin glue on the promotion of nerve regeneration after traction nerve injury in a rat model. Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: group A (n = 10), a sham group whose sciatic nerve was exposed without any injury; and groups B (n = 10) and C (n = 10), which underwent traction nerve injury using 200 g of traction force for 1 min. The injured nerve in group C was covered with a collagen membrane soaked with FK506 (0.5 mg/0.1 mL) and fibrin glue. Functional analysis and microscopic evaluation were performed at 2 and 4 weeks after injury. Results The sciatic function index was − 5.78 ± 3.07 for group A, − 20.69 ± 5.22 for group B, and − 12.01 ± 4.20 for group C at 2 weeks after injury. However, at 4 weeks, the sciatic function index was − 5.58 ± 2.45 for group A, − 19.69 ± 4.81 for group B, and − 11.95 ± 1.94 for group C. In both periods, statistically significant differences were found among the groups (p<0.017). Histomorphometric evaluation revealed improved nerve regeneration in group C compared to that in group B. However, no statistical differences in axonal density were found among the three groups (p < 0.017). Conclusion Localized FK506 with collagen membrane and fibrin glue could promote axonal regeneration in a rat model of traction nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hong Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Han-Ick Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Kang-Min Ahn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
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Baradaran A, El-Hawary H, Efanov JI, Xu L. Peripheral Nerve Healing: So Near and Yet So Far. Semin Plast Surg 2021; 35:204-210. [PMID: 34526869 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries represent a considerable portion of chronic disability that especially affects the younger population. Prerequisites of proper peripheral nerve injury treatment include in-depth knowledge of the anatomy, pathophysiology, and options in surgical reconstruction. Our greater appreciation of nerve healing mechanisms and the development of different microsurgical techniques have significantly refined the outcomes in treatment for the past four decades. This work reviews the peripheral nerve regeneration process after an injury, provides an overview of various coaptation methods, and compares other available treatments such as autologous nerve graft, acellular nerve allograft, and synthetic nerve conduits. Furthermore, the formation of neuromas as well as their latest treatment options are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslan Baradaran
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hassan El-Hawary
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Johnny Ionut Efanov
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liqin Xu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Zhang L, Yang W, Xie H, Wang H, Wang J, Su Q, Li X, Song Y, Wang G, Wang L, Wang Z. Sericin Nerve Guidance Conduit Delivering Therapeutically Repurposed Clobetasol for Functional and Structural Regeneration of Transected Peripheral Nerves. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:1426-1439. [PMID: 33405618 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury often causes significant function loss. Autologous nerve grafting as a gold-standard repair strategy for treating such an injury is limited by donor nerve supply. Tissue-engineered nerve guidance conduits (TENGCs) as a promising alternative for autografting are challenged by large nerve gaps. Herein, we fabricate a glutaraldehyde-cross-linked sericin nerve guidance conduit (GSC) incorporated with clobetasol, a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, for repairing a 10 mm long sciatic nerve gap in a rat model. The GSC exhibits biocompatibility and regeneration-favorable physicochemical properties. GSC's degradation products promote the secretion of neurotrophic factors in Schwann cells. By repurposing clobetasol for peripheral nerve regeneration, our work uncovers clobetasol's previously unknown functions in promoting Schwann cell proliferation and upregulating the expression of myelin-related genes. Importantly, the implantation of this clobetasol-loaded GSC in vivo leads to successful regeneration of the transected sciatic nerve. Strikingly, the regeneration outcome is functionally comparable to that of autologous nerve grafting (evidenced by three parameters). Specifically, the static sciatic index (SSI), relative reaction time (RRT) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in Clobetasol/GSC group are -74.55, 1.30, and 46.4 mm/s at Week 12, respectively, while these parameters are -64.53, 1.23, and 49.8 mm/s in Autograft group. Thus, this work represents the first report unveiling clobetasol's potential in peripheral nerve regeneration, reveals the feasibility of applying a sericin conduit for repairing a large nerve defect, and demonstrates the effectiveness of the clobetasol-loaded-GSC based strategy in transected nerves' regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongjian Xie
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Basic School of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiangfei Su
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Song
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Huang L, Zhu L, Shi X, Xia B, Liu Z, Zhu S, Yang Y, Ma T, Cheng P, Luo K, Huang J, Luo Z. A compound scaffold with uniform longitudinally oriented guidance cues and a porous sheath promotes peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo. Acta Biomater 2018; 68:223-236. [PMID: 29274478 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds with inner fillers that convey directional guidance cues represent promising candidates for nerve repair. However, incorrect positioning or non-uniform distribution of intraluminal fillers might result in regeneration failure. In addition, proper porosity (to enhance nutrient and oxygen exchange but prevent fibroblast infiltration) and mechanical properties (to ensure fixation and to protect regenerating axons from compression) of the outer sheath are also highly important for constructing advanced nerve scaffolds. In this study, we constructed a compound scaffold using a stage-wise strategy, including directionally freezing orientated collagen-chitosan (O-CCH) filler, electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) sheaths and assembling O-CCH/PCL scaffolds. Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical tests, a blend of collagen/chitosan (1:1) was selected for filler fabrication, and a wall thickness of 400 μm was selected for PCL sheath production. SEM and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction further revealed that the O-CCH filler exhibited a uniform, longitudinally oriented microstructure (over 85% of pores were 20-50 μm in diameter). The electrospun PCL porous sheath with pore sizes of 6.5 ± 3.3 μm prevented fibroblast invasion. The PCL sheath exhibited comparable mechanical properties to commercially available nerve conduits, and the O-CCH filler showed a physiologically relevant substrate stiffness of 2.0 ± 0.4 kPa. The differential degradation time of the filler and sheath allows the O-CCH/PCL scaffold to protect regenerating axons from compression stress while providing enough space for regenerating nerves. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated that the O-CCH/PCL scaffolds could promote axonal regeneration and Schwann cell migration. More importantly, functional results indicated that the CCH/PCL compound scaffold induced comparable functional recovery to that of the autograft group at the end of the study. Our findings demonstrated that the O-CCH/PCL scaffold with uniform longitudinal guidance filler and a porous sheath exhibits favorable properties for clinical use and promotes nerve regeneration and functional recovery. The O-CCH/PCL scaffold provides a promising new path for developing an optimal therapeutic alternative for peripheral nerve reconstruction. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Scaffolds with inner fillers displaying directional guidance cues represent a promising candidate for nerve repair. However, further clinical translation should pay attention to the problem of non-uniform distribution of inner fillers, the porosity and mechanical properties of the outer sheath and the morphological design facilitating operation. In this study, a stage-wise fabrication strategy was used, which made it possible to develop an O-CCH/PCL compound scaffold with a uniform longitudinally oriented inner filler and a porous outer sheath. The uniform distribution of the pores in the O-CCH/PCL scaffold provides a solution to resolve the problem of non-uniform distribution of inner fillers, which impede the clinical translation of scaffolds with longitudinal microstructured fillers, especially for aligned-fiber-based scaffolds. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated that the O-CCH/PCL scaffolds could provide topographical cues for axonal regeneration and SC migration, which were not found for random scaffolds (with random microstructure resemble sponge-based scaffolds). The electrospun porous PCL sheath of the O-CCH/PCL scaffold not only prevented fibroblast infiltration, but also satisfied the mechanical requirements for clinical use, paving the way for clinical translation. The differential degradation time of the O-CCH filler and the PCL sheath makes O-CCH/PCL scaffold able to provide long protection for regenerating axons from compression stress, but enough space for regenerating nerve. These findings highlight the possibility of developing an optimal therapeutic alternative for nerve defects using the O-CCH/PCL scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhongyang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yafeng Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Pengzhen Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jinghui Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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Assaf K, Leal CV, Derami MS, de Rezende Duek EA, Ceragioli HJ, de Oliveira ALR. Sciatic nerve repair using poly(ε-caprolactone) tubular prosthesis associated with nanoparticles of carbon and graphene. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00755. [PMID: 28828216 PMCID: PMC5561316 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Injuries to peripheral nerves generate disconnection between spinal neurons and the target organ. Due to retraction of the nerve stumps, end-to-end neurorrhaphy is usually unfeasible. In such cases, autologous grafts are widely used, nonetheless with some disadvantages, such as mismatching of donor nerve dimensions and formation of painful neuromas at the donor area. Tubulization, using bioresorbable polymers, can potentially replace nerve grafting, although improvements are still necessary. Among promising bioresorbable synthetic polymers, poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) are the most studied. Carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets have been proposed, however, as adjuvants to improve mechanical and regenerative properties of tubular prostheses. Thus, the present work evaluated nerve tubulization repair following association of PCL with nanoparticles of carbon (NPC) and graphene (NPG). METHODS For that, adult Lewis rats were subjected to unilateral sciatic nerve tubulization and allowed to survive for up to 8 and 12 weeks postsurgery. RESULTS Nanocomposites mechanical/chemical evaluation showed that nanoparticles do not alter PCL crystallinity, yet providing reinforcement of polymer matrix. Thus, there was a decrease in the enthalpy of melting when the mixture of PCL + NPC + NPG was used. Nanocomposites displayed positive changes in molecular mobility in the amorphous phase of the polymer. Also, the loss modulus (E") and the glass transition exhibited highest values for PCL + NPC + NPG. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that PCL + NPC + NPG prostheses showed improved cell adhesion as compared to PCL alone. Surgical procedures with PCL + NPC + NPG were facilitated due to improved flexibility of the prosthesis, resulting in better stump positioning accuracy. In turn, a twofold increased number of myelinated axons was found in such repaired nerves. Consistent with that, target muscle atrophy protection has been observed. CONCLUSION Overall, the present data show that nanocomposite PCL tubes facilitate nerve repair and result in a better regenerative outcome, what may, in turn, represent a new alternative to pure PCL or PLLA prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyl Assaf
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biology University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Claudenete Vieira Leal
- Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Mariana Silveira Derami
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biology University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
| | - Eliana Aparecida de Rezende Duek
- Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas Brazil.,Department of Physiological Sciences Biomaterials Laboratory PUC-SP Brazil
| | - Helder Jose Ceragioli
- Faculty of Electric Engineering and Computation (FEEC) University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas Brazil
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Wang B, Yuan J, Chen X, Xu J, Li Y, Dong P. Functional regeneration of the transected recurrent laryngeal nerve using a collagen scaffold loaded with laminin and laminin-binding BDNF and GDNF. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32292. [PMID: 27558932 PMCID: PMC4997630 DOI: 10.1038/srep32292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury remains a challenge due to the lack of effective treatments. In this study, we established a new drug delivery system consisting of a tube of Heal-All Oral Cavity Repair Membrane loaded with laminin and neurotrophic factors and tested its ability to promote functional recovery following RLN injury. We created recombinant fusion proteins consisting of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) fused to laminin-binding domains (LBDs) in order to prevent neurotrophin diffusion. LBD-BDNF, LBD-GDNF, and laminin were injected into a collagen tube that was fitted to the ends of the transected RLN in rats. Functional recovery was assessed 4, 8, and 12 weeks after injury. Although vocal fold movement was not restored until 12 weeks after injury, animals treated with the collagen tube loaded with laminin, LBD-BDNF and LBD-GDNF showed improved recovery in vocalisation, arytenoid cartilage angles, compound muscle action potentials and regenerated fibre area compared to animals treated by autologous nerve grafting (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate the drug delivery system induced nerve regeneration following RLN transection that was superior to that induced by autologus nerve grafting. It may have potential applications in nerve regeneration of RLN transection injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China
| | - Xinwei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Jiafeng Xu
- School of Economics and Finance, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 200083, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Pin Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
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Hung WC, Lin LH, Tsen WC, Shie HS, Chiu HL, Yang TC, Chen CC. Permeation of biological compounds through porous poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) microtube array membranes (MTAMs). Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Maturana LG, Pierucci A, Simões GF, Oliveira ALRD, Duek EADR. Estudo das células Neuro2A sobre os biomateriais PCL e PLLA. POLIMEROS 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.1555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Os biomateriais poli L-ácido lático (PLLA) e o poli caprolactona (PCL) são os polímeros mais estudadas na área dos materiais bioreabsorvíveis. Dentre as suas principais características que contribuem para a interação celular, temos a especificidade química da superfície, elétrica, hidrofobicidade e topografia. Ainda, observa-se o tempo de degradação, porosidade, biocompatibilidade com o tecido biológico, bem como, a confecção com as mais variadas formas e dimensões. Já a prática da cultura celular, tem como objetivo estudar a adesão, migração, diferenciação e a proliferação celular utilizando-se um determinado material ou substância. Contudo, poucos trabalhos utilizando os biomateriais ora supracitados e a aplicação em células neuro2A foram realizados. Sabe-se que este tipo celular é derivado de células embrionárias da crista neural, as quais originam em neurônios simpáticos e apresentam como característica a imortalidade, portanto, são excelentes modelos em ensaios in vitro. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo avalia a adesão e a proliferação desta linhagem celular sobre os biopolímeros poli caprolactona (PCL) e poli L-ácido lático (PLLA).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amauri Pierucci
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM
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12
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Simões GF, Benitez SU, Oliveira ALR. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) positive effects on muscle fiber degeneration and gait recovery after nerve lesion in MDX mice. Brain Behav 2014; 4:738-53. [PMID: 25328849 PMCID: PMC4188366 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND G-CSF has been shown to decrease inflammatory processes and to act positively on the process of peripheral nerve regeneration during the course of muscular dystrophy. AIMS The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of treatment of G-CSF during sciatic nerve regeneration and histological analysis in the soleus muscle in MDX mice. METHODS Six-week-old male MDX mice underwent left sciatic nerve crush and were G-CSF treated at 7 days prior to and 21 days after crush. Ten and twenty-one days after surgery, the mice were euthanized, and the sciatic nerves were processed for immunohistochemistry (anti-p75(NTR) and anti-neurofilament) and transmission electron microscopy. The soleus muscles were dissected out and processed for H&E staining and subsequent morphologic analysis. Motor function analyses were performed at 7 days prior to and 21 days after sciatic crush using the CatWalk system and the sciatic nerve index. RESULTS Both groups treated with G-CSF showed increased p75(NTR) and neurofilament expression after sciatic crush. G-CSF treatment decreased the number of degenerated and regenerated muscle fibers, thereby increasing the number of normal muscle fibers. CONCLUSIONS The reduction in p75(NTR) and neurofilament indicates a decreased regenerative capacity in MDX mice following a lesion to a peripheral nerve. The reduction in motor function in the crushed group compared with the control groups may reflect the cycles of muscle degeneration/regeneration that occur postnatally. Thus, G-CSF treatment increases motor function in MDX mice. Nevertheless, the decrease in baseline motor function in these mice is not reversed completely by G-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo F Simões
- Departament of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) CP 6109, CEP 13083-907, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Suzana U Benitez
- Departament of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) CP 6109, CEP 13083-907, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L R Oliveira
- Departament of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) CP 6109, CEP 13083-907, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Ma F, Xiao Z, Chen B, Hou X, Dai J, Xu R. Linear ordered collagen scaffolds loaded with collagen-binding basic fibroblast growth factor facilitate recovery of sciatic nerve injury in rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:1253-62. [PMID: 24188561 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural biological functional scaffolds, consisting of biological materials filled with promoting elements, provide a promising strategy for the regeneration of peripheral nerve defects. Collagen conduits have been used widely due to their excellent biological properties. Linear ordered collagen scaffold (LOCS) fibers are good lumen fillers that can guide nerve regeneration in an ordered direction. In addition, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is important in the recovery of nerve injury. However, the traditional method for delivering bFGF to the lesion site has no long-term effect because of its short half-life and rapid diffusion. Therefore, we fused a specific collagen-binding domain (CBD) peptide to the N-terminal of native basic fibroblast growth factor (NAT-bFGF) to retain bFGF on the collagen scaffolds. In this study, a natural biological functional scaffold was constructed using collagen tubes filled with collagen-binding bFGF (CBD-bFGF)-loaded LOCS to promote regeneration in a 5-mm rat sciatic nerve transection model. Functional evaluation, histological investigation, and morphometric analysis indicated that the natural biological functional scaffold retained more bFGF at the injury site, guided axon growth, and promoted nerve regeneration as well as functional restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukai Ma
- 1 The Affiliated Bayi Brain Hospital, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA , Beijing, China
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14
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Redirection of Neurite Outgrowth by Coupling Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans to Polymer Membranes. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 42:1271-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-0991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Concepts and Methodology of Interaction of Carbon Nanostructures with Cellular Systems. Nanotoxicology 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8993-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Li R, Liu Z, Pan Y, Chen L, Zhang Z, Lu L. Peripheral Nerve Injuries Treatment: a Systematic Review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 68:449-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9742-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Tang P, Kilic A, Konopka G, Regalbuto R, Akelina Y, Gardner T. Histologic and functional outcomes of nerve defects treated with acellular allograft versus cabled autograft in a rat model. Microsurgery 2013; 33:460-7. [PMID: 23861174 DOI: 10.1002/micr.22102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acellular nerve allograft is a new option for bridging nerve defects that allows appropriate diameter matching. The aim of the study was to compare the histologic and functional recovery of nerve defects treated with acellular nerve allograft versus cabled sural nerve autograft. METHOD Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into one of three experimental groups. A unilateral 10 mm sciatic nerve defect was created and repaired with an acellular nerve allograft (Group A), three cabled sural nerve autografts in antidromic orientation (Group B), and the newly created segmental defect in antidromic orientation (reversed autograft) (Group C). Two rats in each group we evaluated histologically at 6 weeks while the rest of the groups were tested histologically and functionally at 12 weeks. RESULTS There were no differences in histomorphometry between the groups at 6 weeks, but at 12 weeks at mid-graft there were differences. Group C had the highest fiber count which was statistically greater when compared to Group A (P = 0.023) and when compared to Group B (P = 0.001). The average normalized maximum isometric tetanic force (ITF) was 52 ± 2.9% for Group A, 34.1 ± 4.2% for Group B, and 51.3 ± 3.3% for Group C at 12 weeks. There was no statistical difference between Groups A and C, but Group A was statistically greater when compared to B, and when Group C was compared to B. CONCLUSION In conclusion, acellular nerve allograft demonstrated equal functional recovery when compared to reversed autograft (control), and superior recovery compared to the cabled nerve autograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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18
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Félix SP, Pereira Lopes FR, Marques SA, Martinez AM. Comparison between suture and fibrin glue on repair by direct coaptation or tubulization of injured mouse sciatic nerve. Microsurgery 2013; 33:468-77. [DOI: 10.1002/micr.22109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Severina P. Félix
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo; Programa de Pesquisa em Neurociência Básica e Clínica; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Fátima R. Pereira Lopes
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo; Programa de Pesquisa em Neurociência Básica e Clínica; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Suelen A. Marques
- Laboratórios de Regeneração Neural e Função; Departamento de Neurobiologia; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Niterói RJ Brazil
| | - Ana M.B. Martinez
- Laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo; Programa de Pesquisa em Neurociência Básica e Clínica; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
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Maturana LG, Pierucci A, Simões GF, Vidigal M, Duek EAR, Vidal BC, Oliveira ALR. Enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration by the combination of a polycaprolactone tubular prosthesis and a scaffold of collagen with supramolecular organization. Brain Behav 2013; 3:417-30. [PMID: 24381812 PMCID: PMC3869682 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of implanting collagen with a supramolecular organization on peripheral nerve regeneration, using the sciatic nerve tubulization technique. For this purpose, adult female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: (1) TP - sciatic nerve repaired with empty polyethylene tubular prothesis (n = 10), (2) TPCL - nerve repair with empty polycaprolactone (PCL) tubing (n = 8), (3) TPCLF - repair with PCL tubing filled with an implant of collagen with a supramolecular organization (n = 10), (4) AG - animals that received a peripheral nerve autograft (n = 8), and (5) Normal nerves (n = 8). The results were assessed by quantification of the regenerated fibers, nerve morphometry, and transmission electron microscopy, 60 days after surgery. Immunohistochemistry and polarization microscopy were also used to analyze the regenerated nerve structure and cellular elements. The results showed that the AG group presented a larger number of regenerated axons. However, the TPCL and TPCLF groups presented more compact regenerated fibers with a morphometric profile closer to normal, both at the tube midpoint and 2 mm distal to the prosthesis. These findings were reinforced by polarization microscopy, which indicated a better collagen/axons suprastructural organization in the TPCLF derived samples. In addition, the immunohistochemical results obtained using the antibody anti-p75NTR as a Schwann cell reactivity marker demonstrated that the Schwann cells were more reactive during the regenerative process in the TPCLF group as compared to the TPCL group and the normal sciatic nerve. Altogether, the results of this study indicated that the implant of collagen with a supramolecular organization positively influenced and stimulated the regeneration process through the nerve gap, resulting in the formation of a better morphologically arranged tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz G Maturana
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas, Brazil ; Department of Morphology, Federal University of Mucuri and Jequitinhonha Valley - UFVJM Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Amauri Pierucci
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas, Brazil ; Department of Morphology, Federal University of Mucuri and Jequitinhonha Valley - UFVJM Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo F Simões
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mateus Vidigal
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eliana A R Duek
- Department of Materials Engineering, Unicamp Campinas, Brazil
| | - Benedicto C Vidal
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L R Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP Campinas, Brazil
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20
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Esposito AR, Moda M, Cattani SMDM, de Santana GM, Barbieri JA, Munhoz MM, Cardoso TP, Barbo MLP, Russo T, D'Amora U, Gloria A, Ambrosio L, Duek EADR. PLDLA/PCL-T Scaffold for Meniscus Tissue Engineering. Biores Open Access 2013; 2:138-47. [PMID: 23593566 PMCID: PMC3620496 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2012.0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability of the avascular region of the meniscus to regenerate has led to the use of tissue engineering to treat meniscal injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of fibrochondrocytes preseeded on PLDLA/PCL-T [poly(L-co-D,L-lactic acid)/poly(caprolactone-triol)] scaffolds to stimulate regeneration of the whole meniscus. Porous PLDLA/PCL-T (90/10) scaffolds were obtained by solvent casting and particulate leaching. Compressive modulus of 9.5±1.0 MPa and maximum stress of 4.7±0.9 MPa were evaluated. Fibrochondrocytes from rabbit menisci were isolated, seeded directly on the scaffolds, and cultured for 21 days. New Zealand rabbits underwent total meniscectomy, after which implants consisting of cell-free scaffolds or cell-seeded scaffolds were introduced into the medial knee meniscus; the negative control group consisted of rabbits that received no implant. Macroscopic and histological evaluations of the neomeniscus were performed 12 and 24 weeks after implantation. The polymer scaffold implants adapted well to surrounding tissues, without apparent rejection, infection, or chronic inflammatory response. Fibrocartilaginous tissue with mature collagen fibers was observed predominantly in implants with seeded scaffolds compared to cell-free implants after 24 weeks. Similar results were not observed in the control group. Articular cartilage was preserved in the polymeric implants and showed higher chondrocyte cell number than the control group. These findings show that the PLDLA/PCL-T 90/10 scaffold has potential for orthopedic applications since this material allowed the formation of fibrocartilaginous tissue, a structure of crucial importance for repairing injuries to joints, including replacement of the meniscus and the protection of articular cartilage from degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rodrigues Esposito
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas, Brazil . ; Laboratory of Biomaterials, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Sao Paulo (PUC-SP) , Sorocaba, Brazil
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21
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Pereira Lopes FR, Martin PKM, Frattini F, Biancalana A, Almeida FM, Tomaz MA, Melo PA, Borojevic R, Han SW, Martinez AMB. Double gene therapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and vascular endothelial growth factor acts synergistically to improve nerve regeneration and functional outcome after sciatic nerve injury in mice. Neuroscience 2012; 230:184-97. [PMID: 23103791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral-nerve injuries are a common clinical problem and often result in long-term functional deficits. Reconstruction of peripheral-nerve defects is currently undertaken with nerve autografts. However, there is a limited availability of nerves that can be sacrificed and the functional recovery is never 100% satisfactory. We have previously shown that gene therapy with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) significantly improved nerve regeneration, neuronal survival, and muscle activity. Our hypothesis is that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) synergizes with VEGF to improve the functional outcome after sciatic nerve transection. The left sciatic nerves and the adjacent muscle groups of adult mice were exposed, and 50 or 100 μg (in 50 μl PBS) of VEGF and/or G-CSF genes was injected locally, just below the sciatic nerve, and transferred by electroporation. The sciatic nerves were transected and placed in an empty polycaprolactone (PCL) nerve guide, leaving a 3-mm gap to challenge nerve regeneration. After 6 weeks, the mice were perfused and the sciatic nerve, the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), the spinal cord and the gastrocnemius muscle were processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. Treated animals showed significant improvement in functional and histological analyses compared with the control group. However, the best results were obtained with the G-CSF+VEGF-treated animals: quantitative analysis of regenerated nerves showed a significant increase in the number of myelinated fibers and blood vessels, and the number of neurons in the DRG and motoneurons in the spinal cord was significantly higher. Motor function also showed that functional recovery occurred earlier in animals receiving G-CSF+VEGF-treatment. The gastrocnemius muscle showed an increase in weight and in the levels of creatine phosphokinase, suggesting an improvement of reinnervation and muscle activity. These results suggest that these two factors acted synergistically and optimized the nerve repair potential, improving regeneration after a transection lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R Pereira Lopes
- Programa de Neurociência Básica e Clínica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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22
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One-Dimensional Migration of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells on Synthetic Materials: Experimental and Numerical Characterization. Cell Biochem Biophys 2012; 65:21-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-012-9399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Neural stem cells enhance nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in rats. Mol Neurobiol 2012; 46:265-74. [PMID: 22806359 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-012-8292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
With the development of tissue engineering and the shortage of autologous nerve grafts in nerve reconstruction, cell transplantation in a conduit is an alternative strategy to improve nerve regeneration. The present study evaluated the effects and mechanism of brain-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) on sciatic nerve injury in rats. At the transection of the sciatic nerve, a 10-mm gap between the nerve stumps was bridged with a silicon conduit filled with 5 × 10(5) NSCs. In control experiments, the conduit was filled with nerve growth factor (NGF) or normal saline (NS). The functional and morphological properties of regenerated nerves were investigated, and expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and NGF was measured. One week later, there was no connection through the conduit. Four or eight weeks later, fibrous connections were evident between the proximal and distal segments. Motor function was revealed by measurement of the sciatic functional index (SFI) and sciatic nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Functional recovery in the NSC and NGF groups was significantly more advanced than that in the NS group. NSCs showed significant improvement in axon myelination of the regenerated nerves. Expression of NGF and HGF in the injured sciatic nerve was significantly lower in the NS group than in the NSCs and NGF groups. These results and other advantages of NSCs, such as ease of harvest and relative abundance, suggest that NSCs could be used clinically to enhance peripheral nerve repair.
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Frattini F, Lopes FRP, Almeida FM, Rodrigues RF, Boldrini LC, Tomaz MA, Baptista AF, Melo PA, Martinez AMB. Mesenchymal stem cells in a polycaprolactone conduit promote sciatic nerve regeneration and sensory neuron survival after nerve injury. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:2030-9. [PMID: 22646222 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that the peripheral nervous system is able to regenerate after traumatic injury, the functional outcomes following damage are limited and poor. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that have been used in studies of peripheral nerve regeneration and have yielded promising results. The aim of this study was to evaluate sciatic nerve regeneration and neuronal survival in mice after nerve transection followed by MSC treatment into a polycaprolactone (PCL) nerve guide. The left sciatic nerve of C57BL/6 mice was transected and the nerve stumps were placed into a biodegradable PCL tube leaving a 3-mm gap between them; the tube was filled with MSCs obtained from GFP+ animals (MSC-treated group) or with a culture medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium group). Motor function was analyzed according to the sciatic functional index (SFI). After 6 weeks, animals were euthanized, and the regenerated sciatic nerve, the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), the spinal cord, and the gastrocnemius muscle were collected and processed for light and electron microscopy. A quantitative analysis of regenerated nerves showed a significant increase in the number of myelinated fibers in the group that received, within the nerve guide, stem cells. The number of neurons in the DRG was significantly higher in the MSC-treated group, while there was no difference in the number of motor neurons in the spinal cord. We also found higher values of trophic factors expression in MSC-treated groups, especially a nerve growth factor. The SFI revealed a significant improvement in the MSC-treated group. The gastrocnemius muscle showed an increase in weight and in the levels of creatine phosphokinase enzyme, suggesting an improvement of reinnervation and activity in animals that received MSCs. Immunohistochemistry documented that some GFP+ -transplanted cells assumed a Schwann-cell-like phenotype, as evidenced by their expression of the S-100 protein, a Schwann cell marker. Our findings suggest that using a PCL tube filled with MSCs is a good strategy to improve nerve regeneration after a nerve transection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Frattini
- Programa de Pesquisa em Neurociência Básica e Clínica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Wach RA, Adamus A, Olejnik AK, Dzierzawska J, Rosiak JM. Nerve guidance channels based on PLLA-PTMC biomaterial. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Richardson JA, Rementer CW, Bruder JM, Hoffman-Kim D. Guidance of dorsal root ganglion neurites and Schwann cells by isolated Schwann cell topography on poly(dimethyl siloxane) conduits and films. J Neural Eng 2011; 8:046015. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/046015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Zhu Y, Wang A, Patel S, Kurpinski K, Diao E, Bao X, Kwong G, Young WL, Li S. Engineering bi-layer nanofibrous conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2011; 17:705-15. [PMID: 21501089 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2010.0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trauma injuries often cause peripheral nerve damage and disability. A goal in neural tissue engineering is to develop synthetic nerve conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration having therapeutic efficacy comparable to that of autografts. Nanofibrous conduits with aligned nanofibers have been shown to promote nerve regeneration, but current fabrication methods rely on rolling a fibrous sheet into the shape of a conduit, which results in a graft with inconsistent size and a discontinuous joint or seam. In addition, the long-term effects of nanofibrous nerve conduits, in comparison with autografts, are still unknown. Here we developed a novel one-step electrospinning process and, for the first time, fabricated a seamless bi-layer nanofibrous nerve conduit: the luminal layer having longitudinally aligned nanofibers to promote nerve regeneration, and the outer layer having randomly organized nanofibers for mechanical support. Long-term in vivo studies demonstrated that bi-layer aligned nanofibrous nerve conduits were superior to random nanofibrous conduits and had comparable therapeutic effects to autografts for nerve regeneration. In summary, we showed that the engineered nanostructure had a significant impact on neural tissue regeneration in situ. The results from this study will also lead to the scalable fabrication of engineered nanofibrous nerve conduits with designed nanostructure. This technology platform can be combined with drug delivery and cell therapies for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Zhu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1762, USA
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Valmikinathan CM, Hoffman J, Yu X. Impact of Scaffold Micro and Macro Architecture on Schwann Cell Proliferation under Dynamic Conditions in a Rotating Wall Vessel Bioreactor. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011; 31:22-29. [PMID: 21552367 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade tissue engineering has emerged as a powerful alternative to regenerate lost tissues owing to trauma or tumor. Evidence shows that Schwann cell containing scaffolds have improved performance in vivo as compared to scaffolds that depend on cellularization post implantation. However, owing to limited supply of cells from the patients themselves, several approaches have been taken to enhance cell proliferation rates to produce complete and uniform cellularization of scaffolds. The most common approach is the application of a bioreactor to enhance cell proliferation rate and therefore reduce the time needed to obtain sufficiently significant number of glial cells, prior to implantation.In this study, we show the application of a rotating wall bioreactor system for studying Schwann cell proliferation on nanofibrous spiral shaped scaffolds, prepared by solvent casting and salt leaching techniques. The scaffolds were fabricated from polycaprolactone (PCL), which has ideal mechanical properties and upon degradation does not produce acidic byproducts. The spiral scaffolds were coated with aligned or random nanofibers, produced by electrospinning, to provide a substrate that mimics the native extracellular matrix and the essential contact guidance cues.At the 4 day time point, an enhanced rate of cell proliferation was observed on the open structured nanofibrous spiral scaffolds in a rotating wall bioreactor, as compared to static culture conditions. However, the cell proliferation rate on the other contemporary scaffolds architectures such as the tubular and cylindrical scaffolds show reduced cell proliferation in the bioreactor as compared to static conditions, at the same time point. Moreover, the rotating wall bioreactor does not alter the orientation or the phenotype of the Schwann cells on the aligned nanofiber containing scaffolds, wherein, the cells remain aligned along the length of the scaffolds. Therefore, these open structured spiral scaffolds pre-cultured with Schwann cells, in bioreactors could potentially shorten the time needed for grafts for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra M Valmikinathan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030
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Patel V, Joseph G, Patel A, Patel S, Bustin D, Mawson D, Tuesta LM, Puentes R, Ghosh M, Pearse DD. Suspension matrices for improved Schwann-cell survival after implantation into the injured rat spinal cord. J Neurotrauma 2010; 27:789-801. [PMID: 20144012 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2008.0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Trauma to the spinal cord produces endogenously irreversible tissue and functional loss, requiring the application of therapeutic approaches to achieve meaningful restoration. Cellular strategies, in particular Schwann-cell implantation, have shown promise in overcoming many of the obstacles facing successful repair of the injured spinal cord. Here, we show that the implantation of Schwann cells as cell suspensions with in-situ gelling laminin:collagen matrices after spinal-cord contusion significantly enhances long-term cell survival but not proliferation, as well as improves graft vascularization and the degree of axonal in-growth over the standard implantation vehicle, minimal media. The use of a matrix to suspend cells prior to implantation should be an important consideration for achieving improved survival and effectiveness of cellular therapies for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Patel
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA
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30
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Pereira Lopes FR, Frattini F, Marques SA, Almeida FMD, de Moura Campos LC, Langone F, Lora S, Borojevic R, Martinez AMB. Transplantation of bone-marrow-derived cells into a nerve guide resulted in transdifferentiation into Schwann cells and effective regeneration of transected mouse sciatic nerve. Micron 2010; 41:783-90. [PMID: 20728816 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerves possess the capacity of self-regeneration after traumatic injury. Nevertheless, the functional outcome after peripheral-nerve regeneration is often poor, especially if the nerve injuries occur far from their targets. Aiming to optimize axon regeneration, we grafted bone-marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) into a collagen-tube nerve guide after transection of the mouse sciatic nerve. The control group received only the culture medium. Motor function was tested at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after surgery, using the sciatic functional index (SFI), and showed that functional recovery was significantly improved in animals that received the cell grafts. After 6 weeks, the mice were anesthetized, perfused transcardially, and the sciatic nerves were dissected and processed for transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy. The proximal and distal segments of the nerves were compared, to address the question of improvement in growth rate; the results revealed a maintenance and increase of nerve regeneration for both myelinated and non-myelinated fibers in distal segments of the experimental group. Also, quantitative analysis of the distal region of the regenerating nerves showed that the numbers of myelinated fibers, Schwann cells (SCs) and g-ratio were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group. The transdifferentiation of BMDCs into Schwann cells was confirmed by double labeling with S100/and Hoechst staining. Our data suggest that BMDCs transplanted into a nerve guide can differentiate into SCs, and improve the growth rate of nerve fibers and motor function in a transected sciatic-nerve model.
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Quigley AF, Razal JM, Thompson BC, Moulton SE, Kita M, Kennedy EL, Clark GM, Wallace GG, Kapsa RMI. A conducting-polymer platform with biodegradable fibers for stimulation and guidance of axonal growth. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2009; 21:4393-4397. [PMID: 26042951 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200901165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A biosynthetic platform composed of a conducting polypyrrole sheet embedded with unidirectional biodegradable polymer fibers is described (see image; scale bar = 50 µm). Such hybrid systems can promote rapid directional nerve growth for neuro-regenerative scaffolds and act as interfaces between the electronic circuitry of medical bionic devices and the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita F Quigley
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong, NSW 2522 (Australia)
- Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Neurology Research Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital 41 Victoria Pde Fitzroy, VIC 3065 (Australia)
- Bionic Ear Institute 384-388 Albert St East Melbourne, VIC 3002 (Australia)
| | - Joselito M Razal
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong, NSW 2522 (Australia)
| | - Brianna C Thompson
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong, NSW 2522 (Australia)
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong, NSW 2522 (Australia)
| | - Magdalena Kita
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong, NSW 2522 (Australia)
- Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Neurology Research Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital 41 Victoria Pde Fitzroy, VIC 3065 (Australia)
- Bionic Ear Institute 384-388 Albert St East Melbourne, VIC 3002 (Australia)
| | | | - Graeme M Clark
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong, NSW 2522 (Australia)
- Bionic Ear Institute 384-388 Albert St East Melbourne, VIC 3002 (Australia)
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong, NSW 2522 (Australia).
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong, NSW 2522 (Australia)
- Centre for Clinical Neuroscience and Neurology Research Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital 41 Victoria Pde Fitzroy, VIC 3065 (Australia)
- Bionic Ear Institute 384-388 Albert St East Melbourne, VIC 3002 (Australia)
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