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Zhang Z, Wiencke JK, Kelsey KT, Koestler DC, Molinaro AM, Pike SC, Karra P, Christensen BC, Salas LA. Hierarchical deconvolution for extensive cell type resolution in the human brain using DNA methylation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1198243. [PMID: 37404460 PMCID: PMC10315586 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1198243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The human brain comprises heterogeneous cell types whose composition can be altered with physiological and pathological conditions. New approaches to discern the diversity and distribution of brain cells associated with neurological conditions would significantly advance the study of brain-related pathophysiology and neuroscience. Unlike single-nuclei approaches, DNA methylation-based deconvolution does not require special sample handling or processing, is cost-effective, and easily scales to large study designs. Existing DNA methylation-based methods for brain cell deconvolution are limited in the number of cell types deconvolved. Methods Using DNA methylation profiles of the top cell-type-specific differentially methylated CpGs, we employed a hierarchical modeling approach to deconvolve GABAergic neurons, glutamatergic neurons, astrocytes, microglial cells, oligodendrocytes, endothelial cells, and stromal cells. Results We demonstrate the utility of our method by applying it to data on normal tissues from various brain regions and in aging and diseased tissues, including Alzheimer's disease, autism, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, and schizophrenia. Discussion We expect that the ability to determine the cellular composition in the brain using only DNA from bulk samples will accelerate understanding brain cell type composition and cell-type-specific epigenetic states in normal and diseased brain tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - John K. Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Karl T. Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Devin C. Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Annette M. Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Steven C. Pike
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
- Department of Neurology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Prasoona Karra
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Brock C. Christensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Lucas A. Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
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Matthews EZ, Lanham S, White K, Kyriazi ME, Alexaki K, El-Sagheer AH, Brown T, Kanaras AG, J West J, MacArthur BD, Stumpf PS, Oreffo ROC. Single-cell RNA-sequence analysis of human bone marrow reveals new targets for isolation of skeletal stem cells using spherical nucleic acids. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231169375. [PMID: 37216034 PMCID: PMC10192814 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231169375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a wealth of data indicating human bone marrow contains skeletal stem cells (SSC) with the capacity for osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. However, current methods to isolate SSCs are restricted by the lack of a defined marker, limiting understanding of SSC fate, immunophenotype, function and clinical application. The current study applied single-cell RNA-sequencing to profile human adult bone marrow populations from 11 donors and identified novel targets for SSC enrichment. Spherical nucleic acids were used to detect these mRNA targets in SSCs. This methodology was able to rapidly isolate potential SSCs found at a frequency of <1 in 1,000,000 in human bone marrow, with the capacity for tri-lineage differentiation in vitro and ectopic bone formation in vivo. The current studies detail the development of a platform to advance SSC enrichment from human bone marrow, offering an invaluable resource for further SSC characterisation, with significant therapeutic impact therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elloise Z Matthews
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Stuart Lanham
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kate White
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Maria-Eleni Kyriazi
- College of Engineering and Technology,
American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Konstantina Alexaki
- Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of
Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chemistry Branch, Department of Science
and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez,
Egypt
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonios G Kanaras
- Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of
Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University
of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jonathan J West
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of
Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ben D MacArthur
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University
of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Mathematical Sciences, University of
Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Patrick S Stumpf
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Joint Research Center for Computational
Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Richard OC Oreffo
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human
Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of
Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University
of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- College of Biomedical Engineering,
China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Simonovic J, Toljic B, Lazarevic M, Markovic MM, Peric M, Vujin J, Panajotovic R, Milasin J. The Effect of Liquid-Phase Exfoliated Graphene Film on Neurodifferentiation of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12183116. [PMID: 36144905 PMCID: PMC9502655 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental stem cells, which originate from the neural crest, due to their easy accessibility might be good candidates in neuro-regenerative procedures, along with graphene-based nanomaterials shown to promote neurogenesis in vitro. We aimed to explore the potential of liquid-phase exfoliated graphene (LPEG) film to stimulate the neuro-differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP). METHODS The experimental procedure was structured as follows: (1) fabrication of graphene film; (2) isolation, cultivation and SCAP stemness characterization by flowcytometry, multilineage differentiation (osteo, chondro and adipo) and quantitative PCR (qPCR); (3) SCAP neuro-induction by cultivation on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coated with graphene film; (4) evaluation of neural differentiation by means of several microscopy techniques (light, confocal, atomic force and scanning electron microscopy), followed by neural marker gene expression analysis using qPCR. RESULTS SCAP demonstrated exceptional stemness, as judged by mesenchymal markers' expression (CD73, CD90 and CD105), and by multilineage differentiation capacity (osteo, chondro and adipo-differentiation). Neuro-induction of SCAP grown on PET coated with graphene film resulted in neuron-like cellular phenotype observed under different microscopes. This was corroborated by the high gene expression of all examined key neuronal markers (Ngn2, NF-M, Nestin, MAP2, MASH1). CONCLUSIONS The ability of SCAPs to differentiate toward neural lineages was markedly enhanced by graphene film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Simonovic
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bosko Toljic
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Lazarevic
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Mina Peric
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasna Vujin
- Graphene Laboratory, Center for Solid State Physics and New Materials, Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila Panajotovic
- Graphene Laboratory, Center for Solid State Physics and New Materials, Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milasin
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Li K, Xiang W, Chen B, Jin L, Hao K. lncRNAs Functioned as ceRNA to Sponge miR-15a-5p Affects the Prognosis of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Correlates With Tumor Immune Infiltration. Front Genet 2022; 13:874667. [PMID: 35899199 PMCID: PMC9312832 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.874667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the most common malignant tumors with poor prognosis worldwide. Mounting evidence suggests that the expression of lncRNAs and the infiltration of immune cells have prognostic value for patients with PAAD. We used Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and identified six genes (COL1A2, ITGA2, ITGB6, LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2) that could affect the survival rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. Based on a series of in silico analyses for reverse prediction of target genes associated with the prognosis of PAAD, a ceRNA network of mRNA (COL1A2, ITGA2, LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2)–microRNA (miR-15a-5p)–long non-coding RNA (LINC00511, LINC01578, PVT1, and TNFRSF14-AS1) was constructed. We used the algorithm “CIBERSORT” to assess the proportion of immune cells and found three overall survival (OS)–associated immune cells (monocytes, M1 macrophages, and resting mast cell). Moreover, the OS-associated gene level was significantly positively associated with immune checkpoint expression and biomarkers of immune cells. In summary, our results clarified that ncRNA-mediated upregulation of OS-associated genes and tumor-infiltration immune cells (monocytes, M1 macrophages M1, and resting mast cell resting) correlated with poor prognosis in PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - KaiQiang Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - WeiLing Xiang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - BinYu Chen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - LiQin Jin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: LiQin Jin, ; Ke Hao,
| | - Ke Hao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: LiQin Jin, ; Ke Hao,
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Yu S, Wang Y, Peng K, Lyu M, Liu F, Liu T. Establishment of a Prognostic Signature of Stromal/Immune-Related Genes for Gastric Adenocarcinoma Based on ESTIMATE Algorithm. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:752023. [PMID: 34900998 PMCID: PMC8652145 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.752023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Different subtypes of gastric cancer differentially respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). This study aimed to investigate whether the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm is related to the classification and prognosis of gastric cancer and to establish an ESTIMATE-based gene signature to predict the prognosis for patients. The immune/stromal scores of 388 gastric cancer patients from TCGA were used in this analysis. The upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in patients with high stromal/immune scores were identified. The immune-related hub DEGs were selected based on protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. The prognostic values of the hub DEGs were evaluated in the TCGA dataset and validated in the GSE15460 dataset using the Kaplan-Meier curves. A prognostic signature was built using the hub DEGs by Cox proportional hazards model, and the accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Different subtypes of gastric cancer had significantly different immune/stromal scores. High stromal scores but not immune scores were significantly associated with short overall survivals of TCGA patients. Nine hub DEGs were identified in PPI analysisThe expression of these hub DEG negatively correlated with the overall survival in the TCGA cohort, which was validated in the GSE15460 cohort. A 9-gene prognostic signature was constructed. The risk factor of patients was calculated by this signature. High-risk patients had significantly shorter overall survival than low-risk patients. ROC analysis showed that the prognostic model accurately identified high-risk individuals within different time frames. We established an effective 9-gene-based risk signature to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients, providing guidance for prognostic stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minzhi Lyu
- Department of Biostatistics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenglin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianshu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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The Role of BiodentineTM on the Odontogenic/Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11167563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The clinical use of bioactive material in the field of biomedical tissue engineering has become increasingly of interest in practice. This study investigates how BiodentineTM (BD), a tricalcium silicate cement, in culture media, affects the odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential of in vitro cultured human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). hDPSCs were extracted and characterized for their expression profile by flow cytometry. Then, hDPSCs were cultured in media containing BD for 3 weeks to study the impact of BD on the odonto/osteogenesis pathway, compared to the positive control (osteogenic media) and negative control (cell culture media). Odonto/osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs treated with BD was assessed by measuring the level of expression of odonto/osteogenic markers by flow cytometry, ELISA and Alizarin red stain. Additionally, the expression profile of the genes involved in the odonto/osteogenesis pathway was investigated, using PCR array. Our results indicate that hDPSCs treatment with BD results in an increased tendency for odonto/osteogenic differentiation. The BD treated group demonstrates a significant increase in the expression of odonto/osteogenic markers, osteocalcin (OCN) (p < 0.005), osteopontin (OPN) (p < 0.0005) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p < 0.0005), and the presentation of calcium deposits by ARS, compared to the negative control by using t-test and ANOVA. Moreover, the BD-treated group is marked by the upregulation of genes related to the odonto/osteogenesis pathway, compared to the control groups, specifically the genes that are involved in the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) (p < 0.05) signaling pathway, the activation of the extracellular matrix-related gene (ECMG) (p < 0.05) and the Ca2+ signaling pathway (p < 0.05), compared to day 1 of treatment by using ANOVA. BD shows a stimulatory effect on the odonto/steogenic capacity of hDPSCs, suggesting BD as a good candidate and a very promising and useful means to be applied in regenerative medicine to regenerate dentine tissue in clinical settings.
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7
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Wu P, Zhang X, Zhang G, Chen F, He M, Zhang T, Wang J, Xie K, Dai G. Transcriptome for the breast muscle of Jinghai yellow chicken at early growth stages. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8950. [PMID: 32328350 PMCID: PMC7166044 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The meat quality of yellow feathered broilers is better than the quality of its production. Growth traits are important in the broiler industry. The exploration of regulation mechanisms for the skeletal muscle would help to increase the growth performance of chickens. At present, some progress has been made by researchers, but the molecular mechanisms of the skeletal muscle still remain unclear and need to be improved. Methods In this study, the breast muscles of fast- and slow-growing female Jinghai yellow chickens (F4F, F8F, F4S, F8S) and slow-growing male Jinghai yellow chickens (M4S, M8S) aged four and eight weeks were selected for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). All analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional enrichment were performed. Finally, we selected nine DEGs to verify the accuracy of the sequencing by qPCR. Results The differential gene expression analysis resulted in 364, 219 and 111 DEGs (adjusted P-value ≤ 0.05) for the three comparison groups, F8FvsF4F, F8SvsF4S, and M8SvsM4S, respectively. Three common DEGs (ADAMTS20, ARHGAP19, and Novel00254) were found, and they were all highly expressed at four weeks of age. In addition, some other genes related to growth and development, such as ANXA1, COL1A1, MYH15, TGFB3 and ACTC1, were obtained. The most common DEGs (n = 58) were found between the two comparison groups F8FvsF4F and F8SvsF4S, and they might play important roles in the growth of female chickens. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway also showed some significant enrichment pathways, for instance, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, cell cycle, and DNA replication. The two pathways that were significantly enriched in the F8FvsF4F group were all contained in that of F8SvsF4S. The same two pathways were ECM–receptor interaction and focal adhesion, and they had great influence on the growth of chickens. However, many differences existed between male and female chickens in regards to common DEGs and KEGG pathways. The results would help to reveal the regulation mechanism of the growth and development of chickens and serve as a guideline to propose an experimental design on gene function with the DEGs and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinchao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mingliang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Comparative Analysis of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Orbital and Abdominal Fat. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:3932615. [PMID: 30210548 PMCID: PMC6120258 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3932615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue contains abundant multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with strong proliferative and differentiating potential into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. However, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) showed variable characteristics based on the tissue-harvesting site. This study aimed at comparing human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell from the orbit (Orbital ASCs) and abdomen (Abdominal ASCs). Orbital and abdominal ASCs were isolated during an upper or lower blepharoplasty operation and liposuction, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis was done to analyze the surface antigens of ASCs, and cytokine profiles were measured using Luminex assay kit. The multilineage potential of both ASCs was investigated using Oil Red O, alizarin red, and alcian staining. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to measure mRNA levels of genes involved in these trilineage differentiations. Our results showed that both types of ASCs expressed the cell surface markers which are commonly expressed stem cells; however, orbital-ASCs showed higher expressions of CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD146 than abdominal ASCs. Unlikely, orbital-ASC expressed CD31, CD45 and HLA-DR lesser than abdominal-ASCs. Orbital ASCs secreted higher concentrations of eotaxin, fractalkine, IP-10, GRO, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES but lower MIP-1α, FGF-2, and VEGF concentrations than abdominal-ASCs. Our result showed that orbital ASCs have higher potential towards adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation but lower tendency to chondrogenesis when compared with abdominal ASCs. In conclusion, tissue-harvesting site is a strong determinant for characterization of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Understanding defining phenotypes of such cells is useful for making suitable choices in different regenerative clinical indications.
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Aboushady IM, Salem ZA, Sabry D, Mohamed A. Comparative study of the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells derived from different sources. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 10:e7-e13. [PMID: 29670709 PMCID: PMC5899816 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can regenerate missing tissues and treat diseases. Hence, the current work aimed to compare the proliferation rate and the osteogenic differentiation potential of bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs), gingival MSCs (GMSCs) and submandibular MSCs (SMSCs). Material and Methods MSCs derived from bone marrow, gingiva and submandibular salivary gland were isolated and cultured from rats. The proliferation capacity was judged by MTT proliferation Assay. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by Alzarin red stain and quantitative RT-PCR was performed for Runx-2 and MMP-13. Results The highest significant proliferation was estimated in the BMSCs compared to GMSCs and SMSCs (p-value was < 0.01). All studied cell types formed mineralized nodules as stained with Alizarin Red stain at the 3rd passage of differentiation. However, BMSCs seemed to generate the highest level of mineralization compared to GMSCs and SMSCs. RT-PCR revealed that the expression of Runx-2 and MMP-13 mRNAs was significantly increased in the BMSCs compared to GMSCs and SMSCs (p-value was < 0.01). Conclusions BMSCs displayed maximum osteogenesis results followed by the GMSCs and lastly by the SGSCs. Thus, it could be recommended that GMSCs can be used as a second choice after BMSCs when bone tissue reconstruction is needed. Key words:Mesenchymal stem cells, osteogenic differentiation, Runx-2, MMP-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman M Aboushady
- MD, MS, Lecturer of oral biology, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University
| | - Zeinab A Salem
- MD, MS, Lecturer of oral biology, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University
| | - Dina Sabry
- MD, MS, Professor of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Medical biochemistry and molecular biology, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University
| | - Abbas Mohamed
- MD, MS, Lecturer of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Medical biochemistry and molecular biology, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University
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10
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Sayin E, Rashid RH, Rodríguez-Cabello JC, Elsheikh A, Baran ET, Hasirci V. Human adipose derived stem cells are superior to human osteoblasts (HOB) in bone tissue engineering on a collagen-fibroin-ELR blend. Bioact Mater 2017; 2:71-81. [PMID: 29744414 PMCID: PMC5935045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultrastructure of the bone provides a unique mechanical strength against compressive, torsional and tensional stresses. An elastin-like recombinamer (ELR) with a nucleation sequence for hydroxyapatite was incorporated into films prepared from a collagen - silk fibroin blend carrying microchannel patterns to stimulate anisotropic osteogenesis. SEM and fluorescence microscopy showed the alignment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and the human osteoblasts (HOBs) on the ridges and in the grooves of microchannel patterned collagen-fibroin-ELR blend films. The Young's modulus and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of untreated films were 0.58 ± 0.13 MPa and 0.18 ± 0.05 MPa, respectively. After 28 days of cell culture, ADSC seeded film had a Young's modulus of 1.21 ± 0.42 MPa and UTS of 0.32 ± 0.15 MPa which were about 3 fold higher than HOB seeded films. The difference in Young's modulus was statistically significant (p: 0.02). ADSCs attached, proliferated and mineralized better than the HOBs. In the light of these results, ADSCs served as a better cell source than HOBs for bone tissue engineering of collagen-fibroin-ELR based constructs used in this study. We have thus shown the enhancement in the tensile mechanical properties of the bone tissue engineered scaffolds by using ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esen Sayin
- METU, Department of Biotechnology, Ankara, Turkey.,BIOMATEN, METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Dumlupinar Blvd No: 1, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rosti Hama Rashid
- University of Liverpool, School of Engineering, L69 3GH Liverpool, UK
| | - José Carlos Rodríguez-Cabello
- BIOFORGE, CIBER-BBN, Campus "Miguel Delibes" Edificio LUCIA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 19, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ahmed Elsheikh
- University of Liverpool, School of Engineering, L69 3GH Liverpool, UK
| | - Erkan Türker Baran
- BIOMATEN, METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Dumlupinar Blvd No: 1, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vasif Hasirci
- METU, Department of Biotechnology, Ankara, Turkey.,BIOMATEN, METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Dumlupinar Blvd No: 1, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.,METU, Department of Biological Sciences, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
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11
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Ropper AE, Thakor DK, Han I, Yu D, Zeng X, Anderson JE, Aljuboori Z, Kim SW, Wang H, Sidman RL, Zafonte RD, Teng YD. Defining recovery neurobiology of injured spinal cord by synthetic matrix-assisted hMSC implantation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E820-E829. [PMID: 28096400 PMCID: PMC5293074 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1616340114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from adult tissues offer tangible potential for regenerative medicine, given their feasibility for autologous transplantation. MSC research shows encouraging results in experimental stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and neurotrauma models. However, further translational progress has been hampered by poor MSC graft survival, jeopardizing cellular and molecular bases for neural repair in vivo. We have devised an adult human bone marrow MSC (hMSC) delivery formula by investigating molecular events involving hMSCs incorporated in a uniquely designed poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid scaffold, a clinically safe polymer, following inflammatory exposures in a dorsal root ganglion organotypic coculture system. Also, in rat T9-T10 hemisection spinal cord injury (SCI), we demonstrated that the tailored scaffolding maintained hMSC stemness, engraftment, and led to robust motosensory improvement, neuropathic pain and tissue damage mitigation, and myelin preservation. The scaffolded nontransdifferentiated hMSCs exerted multimodal effects of neurotrophism, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, antiautoimmunity, and antiinflammation. Hindlimb locomotion was restored by reestablished integrity of submidbrain circuits of serotonergic reticulospinal innervation at lumbar levels, the propriospinal projection network, neuromuscular junction, and central pattern generator, providing a platform for investigating molecular events underlying the repair impact of nondifferentiated hMSCs. Our approach enabled investigation of recovery neurobiology components for injured adult mammalian spinal cord that are different from those involved in normal neural function. The uncovered neural circuits and their molecular and cellular targets offer a biological underpinning for development of clinical rehabilitation therapies to treat disabilities and complications of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Ropper
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Devang K Thakor
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - InBo Han
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Dou Yu
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jamie E Anderson
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Zaid Aljuboori
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Soo-Woo Kim
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School/Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Ross D Zafonte
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Yang D Teng
- Division of SCI Research, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130;
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
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12
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Açil Y, Ghoniem AA, Gülses A, Kisch T, Stang F, Wiltfang J, Gierloff M. Suppression of osteoblast-related genes during osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue derived stromal cells. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 45:33-38. [PMID: 27842921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicated a lower osteogenic differentiation potential of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) compared to bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of potent combinations of highly osteogenic bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in order to enhance the osteogenic differentiation potential of ASCs. Human ASCs were cultured for 10 days in the presence of osteogenic medium consisting of dexamethasone, ß-glycerophosphate and ascorbat-2-phosphate (OM) supplemented with BMP-2, BMP-6, BMP-9+IGF-2 and BMP-2,-6,-9 (day 1+2: 50 ng/ml, days 3-6: 100 ng/ml, days 7-10: 200 ng/ml). The formation of the osteoblast phenotype was evaluated by quantification of osteoblast-related marker genes using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Matrix mineralization was assessed by Alizarin Red S staining. Statistical analysis was carried out using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Scheffe's post hoc procedure. Osteogenic medium (OM) significantly increased the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (p < 0.05) and led to a stable matrix mineralization. Under the influence of BMP-9+IGF-2 and BMP-2,-6,-9 the ALP expression further increased compared to ASCs cultured with OM only (p < 0.01). However, multiple osteogenic markers showed no change or decreased under the influence of OM and BMP combinations (p < 0.05). The current results indicate a restricted osteogenic differentiation potential of ASCs and suggest careful reconsideration of their use in bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Açil
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (Head of Scientific Laboratories: Prof. Yahya Açil, Head: Prof. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Amir Alexander Ghoniem
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (Head of Scientific Laboratories: Prof. Yahya Açil, Head: Prof. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Aydin Gülses
- Center for Oral and Dental Health, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Tobias Kisch
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Felix Stang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jörg Wiltfang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (Head of Scientific Laboratories: Prof. Yahya Açil, Head: Prof. Dr. Jörg Wiltfang), Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Gierloff
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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13
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Guo Y, Tang CY, Man XF, Tang HN, Tang J, Wang F, Zhou CL, Tan SW, Feng YZ, Zhou HD. Insulin receptor substrate-1 time-dependently regulates bone formation by controlling collagen Iα2 expression via miR-342. FASEB J 2016; 30:4214-4226. [PMID: 27623927 PMCID: PMC5102111 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600445rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Insulin promotes bone formation via a well-studied canonical signaling pathway. An adapter in this pathway, insulin-receptor substrate (IRS)-1, has been implicated in the diabetic osteopathy provoked by impaired insulin signaling. To further investigate IRS-1’s role in the bone metabolism, we generated Irs-1-deficient Irs-1smla/smla mice. These null mice developed a spontaneous mutation that led to an increase in trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) in 12-mo-old, but not in 2-mo-old mice. Analyses of the bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from these mice revealed their differential expression of osteogenesis-related genes and miRNAs. The expression of miR-342, predicted and then proven to target the gene encoding collagen type Iα2 (COL1A2), was reduced in BMSCs derived from Irs-1-null mice. COL1A2 expression was then shown to be age dependent in osteoblasts and BMSCs derived from Irs-1smla/smla mice. After the induction of osteogenesis in BMSCs, miR-342 expression correlated inversely with that of Col1a2. Further, Col1a2-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and inhibited BMSC differentiation into osteocyte-like cells, both in wild-type (WT) and Irs-1smla/smla mice. Conversely, in Irs-1smla/smla osteocytes overexpressing COL1A2, ALP-positive staining was stronger than in WT osteocytes. In summary, we uncovered a temporal regulation of BMSC differentiation/bone formation, controlled via Irs-1/miR-342 mediated regulation of Col1a2 expression.—Guo, Y., Tang, C.-Y., Man, X.-F., Tang, H.-N., Tang, J., Wang, F., Zhou, C.-L., Tan, S.-W., Feng, Y.-Z., Zhou, H.-D. Insulin receptor substrate-1 time-dependently regulates bone formation by controlling collagen Iα2 expression via miR-342.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Chen-Yi Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Xiao-Fei Man
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Hao-Neng Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Ci-La Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Shu-Wen Tan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Hou-De Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
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14
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Tseng LF, Wang J, Baker RM, Wang G, Mather PT, Henderson JH. Osteogenic Capacity of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells is Preserved Following Triggering of Shape Memory Scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:1026-35. [PMID: 27401991 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in shape memory polymers have enabled the study of programmable, shape-changing, cytocompatible tissue engineering scaffolds. For treatment of bone defects, scaffolds with shape memory functionality have been studied for their potential for minimally invasive delivery, conformal fitting to defect margins, and defect stabilization. However, the extent to which the osteogenic differentiation capacity of stem cells resident in shape memory scaffolds is preserved following programmed shape change has not yet been determined. As a result, the feasibility of shape memory polymer scaffolds being employed in stem cell-based treatment strategies remains unclear. To test the hypothesis that stem cell osteogenic differentiation can be preserved during and following triggering of programmed architectural changes in shape memory polymer scaffolds, human adipose-derived stem cells were seeded in shape memory polymer foam scaffolds or in shape memory polymer fibrous scaffolds programmed to expand or contract, respectively, when warmed to body temperature. Osteogenic differentiation in shape-changing and control scaffolds was compared using mineral deposition, protein production, and gene expression assays. For both shape-changing and control scaffolds, qualitatively and quantitatively comparable amounts of mineral deposition were observed; comparable levels of alkaline phosphatase activity were measured; and no significant differences in the expression of genetic markers of osteogenesis were detected. These findings support the feasibility of employing shape memory in scaffolds for stem cell-based therapies for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Fang Tseng
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York.,2 Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
| | - Jing Wang
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York.,2 Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
| | - Richard M Baker
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York.,2 Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
| | - Guirong Wang
- 3 Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University , Syracuse, New York
| | - Patrick T Mather
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York.,2 Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
| | - James H Henderson
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York.,2 Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
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15
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Wang F, Okawa H, Kamano Y, Niibe K, Kayashima H, Osathanon T, Pavasant P, Saeki M, Yatani H, Egusa H. Controlled Osteogenic Differentiation of Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Tetracycline-Controlled Transcriptional Activation of Amelogenin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145677. [PMID: 26709694 PMCID: PMC4692545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative dental therapies for bone tissues rely on efficient targeting of endogenous and transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to guide bone formation. Amelogenin is the primary component of Emdogain, which is used to regenerate periodontal defects; however, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects on alveolar bone remain unclear. The tetracycline (Tet)-dependent transcriptional regulatory system is a good candidate to investigate distinct roles of genes of interest during stem cell differentiation. Here, we investigated amelogenin-dependent regulation of osteogenesis in MSCs by establishing a Tet-controlled transcriptional activation system. Clonal mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs were lentivirally transduced with the Tet repressor (TetR) expression vector followed by drug selection to obtain MSCs constitutively expressing TetR (MSCs-TetR). Expression vectors that contained the Tet operator and amelogenin-coding (Amelx) cDNA fragments were constructed using the Gateway system and lentivirally introduced into MSCs-TetR to generate a Tet regulation system in MSCs (MSCs-TetR/Amelx). MSCs-TetR/Amelx significantly overexpressed the Amelx gene and protein in the presence of the tetracycline derivative doxycycline. Concomitant expression of osterix, bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin, and osteocalcin was modulated by addition or removal of doxycycline under osteogenic guidance. During osteogenic induction, MSCs-TetR/Amelx treated with doxycycline showed significantly increased gene expression of osterix, type I collagen, BSP, and osteocalcin in addition to increased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation. Enhanced extracellular matrix calcification was observed when forced Amelx expression commenced at the early stage but not at the intermediate or late stages of osteogenesis. These results suggest that a Tet-controlled Amelx gene regulation system for mouse MSCs was successfully established, in which transcriptional activation of Amelx was associated with enhanced osteogenic differentiation, especially in the early stage of biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Wang
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okawa
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuya Kamano
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kunimichi Niibe
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kayashima
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Research Unit of Mineralized Tissue, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Research Unit of Mineralized Tissue, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Makio Saeki
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yatani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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16
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Comparing Viability of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Isolated From Erupted and Impacted Tooth Root. J Craniofac Surg 2015; 26:e608-12. [PMID: 26468840 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000002112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to compare the viability of periodontal ligament-derived stem/progenitor cells (PDLSCs) from 2 different sources. MATERIALS AND METHODS Periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue was obtained from 20 surgically extracted human third molars and 20 healthy premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. Periodontal ligament-derived stem/progenitor cells were isolated from 2 different PDL tissue sources and characterized by colony forming unit assay, cell surface marker characterizations, and their osteogenic differentiation potential. To determine cell viability within 2 groups, the colorimetric 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) metabolic activity assay was used. Data were statistically analyzed using independent t-test by SPSS 16 software (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). RESULTS According to the MTT assay, the mean viability rate ± standard deviation of PDLSCs in the impacted third molar sample cells was 0.355 ± 0.411 and for erupted premolar sample cells was 0.331 ± 0.556. Based on One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, P value for impacted and erupted teeth was 0.954 and 0.863, respectively. No statistical difference was seen between 2 groups. (P value > 0.05) CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that if surgical aseptic technique is a method employed to maintain asepsis, PDLSCs obtained from impacted and erupted tooth root would have the same viability rate.
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17
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Human Gingival Integration-Free iPSCs; a Source for MSC-Like Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:13633-48. [PMID: 26084043 PMCID: PMC4490513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160613633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a potential autologous therapy for tissue engineering. The available procedures for MSC retrieval from patients are invasive, and their limited in vitro proliferation restricts their use in the treatment of damaged tissues. Therefore, it is important to establish an alternative and safe source of MSCs. The objective of this study was to demonstrate induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation from a combination of an accessible source tissue and an integration-free method; we also attempted the differentiation of iPSCs into MSC-like cells (MSLCs) for future autologous tissue engineering. iPSCs were derived from human gingival tissues, which are easily accessible in the field of dentistry, via the use of non-integrating episomal plasmids. Established iPSCs expressed embryonic stem (ES) cell-specific markers, as assessed by gene analysis and immunocytochemistry. Embryoid bodies and teratoma formation were formed from iPSCs, showing their capacity to differentiate into three germ layers. Furthermore, we were successful in differentiating iPSCs into MSLCs. They tested positively for their capacity of trilineage differentiation. Our results demonstrate that human gingival integration-free iPSCs, readily accessible stem cells generated using episomal plasmid vectors, are a promising source of MSLCs, which can be used in tissue regeneration.
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18
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Egusa H, Kayashima H, Miura J, Uraguchi S, Wang F, Okawa H, Sasaki JI, Saeki M, Matsumoto T, Yatani H. Comparative analysis of mouse-induced pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells during osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:2156-69. [PMID: 24625139 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into mineralizing cells and are, therefore, expected to be useful for bone regenerative medicine; however, the characteristics of iPSC-derived osteogenic cells remain unclear. Here, we provide a direct in vitro comparison of the osteogenic differentiation process in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and iPSCs from adult C57BL/6J mice. After 30 days of culture in osteogenic medium, both MSCs and iPSCs produced robustly mineralized bone nodules that contained abundant calcium phosphate with hydroxyapatite crystal formation. Mineral deposition was significantly higher in iPSC cultures than in MSC cultures. Scanning electron microscopy revealed budding matrix vesicles in early osteogenic iPSCs; subsequently, the vesicles propagated to exhibit robust mineralization without rich fibrous structures. Early osteogenic MSCs showed deposition of many matrix vesicles in abundant collagen fibrils that became solid mineralized structures. Both cell types demonstrated increased expression of osteogenic marker genes, such as runx2, osterix, dlx5, bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osteocalcin, during osteogenesis; however, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction array analysis revealed that osteogenesis-related genes encoding mineralization-associated molecules, bone morphogenetic proteins, and extracellular matrix collagens were differentially expressed between iPSCs and MSCs. These data suggest that iPSCs are capable of differentiation into mature osteoblasts whose associated hydroxyapatite has a crystal structure similar to that of MSC-associated hydroxyapatite; however, the transcriptional differences between iPSCs and MSCs could result in differences in the mineral and matrix environments of the bone nodules. Determining the biological mechanisms underlying cell-specific differences in mineralization during in vitro iPSC osteogenesis may facilitate the development of clinically effective engineered bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Egusa
- 1 Division of Oromaxillofacial Regeneration, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry , Suita, Osaka, Japan
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19
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Boeloni JN, Ocarino NM, Goes AM, Serakides R. Comparative study of osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue of osteoporotic female rats. Connect Tissue Res 2014; 55:103-14. [PMID: 24175668 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2013.860970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis causes reduction of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow and adipose tissue. This study was designed to compare the osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. MSC were harvested from bone marrow and inguinal fat pads of six OVX rats. The limitations of this report are that cells from different animals were pooled for the purpose of the experiments that were carried out in this study. At 7, 14 and 21 d of osteogenic differentiation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) conversion, alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression for collagen I, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, osteopontin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) were analyzed. At 21 d, percentage of cells per field and percentage of mineralized nodule were analyzed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared by Student-Newman-Keuls test. The cells, regardless of group, showed phenotypic characteristics consistent with stem cells. MTT conversion, alkaline phosphatase activity, percentage of mineralized nodule and expression of collagen I, osteocalcin and BMP-2 of ADSCs from OVX rats were higher when compared to BMMSCs from OVX rats in at least one of the evaluated periods (p<0.05). However, bone sialoprotein and osteopontin expression were smaller than those observed in BMMSCs for all evaluated periods (p<0.05). It was concluded that the ADSCs from OVX rats have higher osteogenic potential when compared to BMMSCs from OVX rats. This result suggests that the treatment of osteoporosis with autologous ADSCs may be more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jankerle Neves Boeloni
- Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal (NCT-TCA), Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) , Belo Horizonte, MG , Brasil and
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20
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Kyllönen L, Haimi S, Säkkinen J, Kuokkanen H, Mannerström B, Sándor GKB, Miettinen S. Exogenously added BMP-6, BMP-7 and VEGF may not enhance the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells. Growth Factors 2013; 31:141-53. [PMID: 23879371 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2013.817404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the present study bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-6 alone or in synergy with BMP-7 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were tested with human adipose stem cells (hASCs) seeded on cell culture plastic or 3D bioactive glass. Osteogenic medium (OM) was used as a positive control for osteogenic differentiation. The same growth factor groups were also tested combined with OM. None of the growth factor treatments could enhance the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs in 3D- or 2D-culture compared to control or OM. In 3D-culture OM promoted significantly total collagen production, whereas in 2D-culture OM induced high total ALP activity and mineralization compared to control and growth factors groups, but also high cell proliferation. In this study, hASCs did not respond to exogenously added growth although various parameters of the study set-up may have affected these findings contradictory to the previous literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kyllönen
- Adult Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Technology, Biokatu, University of Tampereo , Finland
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21
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22
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Kim SH, Bang SH, Park SA, Kang SY, Park KD, Oh IU, Yoo SH, Kim H, Kim CH, Baek SY. Character comparison of abdomen-derived and eyelid-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Prolif 2013; 46:291-9. [PMID: 23692088 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While most human adipose tissues, such as those located in the abdomen, hip and thigh, are of mesodermal origin, adipose tissues located in the face are of ectodermal origin. The present study has compared stem cell-related features of abdomen-derived adult stem cells (A-ASCs) with those of eyelid-derived adult stem cells (E-ASCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Adipose tissue-derived cells were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS. Before passage 6, cells were analysed using FACS, immunocytochemistry and quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). To examine multi-differentiational potential, early passage ASCs were cultivated in each of a commercial Stempro(®) Differentiation kit. RESULTS Unlike fibroblast-like morphology of A-ASCs, E-ASCs had bipolar morphology. Both types of cell exhibited similar surface antigens, and neuronal cell-related genes and proteins. However, there were differences in mRNA expression levels of CD90 and CD146; neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and nuclear receptor-related protein 1 (Nurr1) were different between the two cell types. There was no difference in multi-differentiational potential between 3 E-ASCs lines, however, E-ASCs had higher expression levels of chondrocyte-related genes compared to A-ASCs. These cells underwent senescence and maintained normal karyotypes. CONCLUSIONS Although isolated from similar adipose tissues, both types of cells displayed many contrasting characteristics. Understanding defining phenotypes of such cells is useful for making suitable choices in differing clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Kim
- National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Cheongwon-gun, Chuncheongbuk-do 363-700, South Korea
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Egusa H, Kobayashi M, Matsumoto T, Sasaki JI, Uraguchi S, Yatani H. Application of Cyclic Strain for Accelerated Skeletal Myogenic Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells with Cell Alignment. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 19:770-82. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Egusa
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita City, Japan
| | - Munemasa Kobayashi
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita City, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Sasaki
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita City, Japan
| | - Shinya Uraguchi
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita City, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yatani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita City, Japan
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Kyllönen L, Haimi S, Mannerström B, Huhtala H, Rajala KM, Skottman H, Sándor GK, Miettinen S. Effects of different serum conditions on osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:17. [PMID: 23415114 PMCID: PMC3706769 DOI: 10.1186/scrt165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, human adipose stem cells (hASCs) are differentiated towards osteogenic lineages using culture medium supplemented with L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AsA2-P), dexamethasone (Dex) and beta-glycerophosphate (β-GP). Because this osteogenic medium (OM1) was initially generated for the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, the component concentrations may not be optimal for the differentiation of hASCs. After preliminary screening, two efficient osteogenic media (OM2 and OM3) were chosen to be compared with the commonly used osteogenic medium (OM1). To further develop the culture conditions towards clinical usage, the osteo-inductive efficiencies of OM1, OM2 and OM3 were compared using human serum (HS)-based medium and a defined, xeno-free medium (RegES), with fetal bovine serum (FBS)-based medium serving as a control. METHODS To compare the osteo-inductive efficiency of OM1, OM2 and OM3 in FBS-, HS- and RegES-based medium, the osteogenic differentiation was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization, and expression of osteogenic marker genes (runx2A, DLX5, collagen type I, osteocalcin, and ALP). RESULTS In HS-based medium, the ALP activity increased significantly by OM3, and mineralization was enhanced by both OM2 and OM3, which have high AsA2-P and low Dex concentrations. ALP activity and mineralization of hASCs was the weakest in FBS-based medium, with no significant differences between the OM compositions due to donor variation. However, the qRT-PCR data demonstrated significant upregulation of runx2A mRNA under osteogenic differentiation in FBS- and HS-based medium, particularly by OM3 under FBS conditions. Further, the expression of DLX5 was greatly stimulated by OM1 to 3 on day 7 when compared to control. The regulation of collagen type I, ALP, and osteocalcin mRNA was modest under induction by OM1 to 3. The RegES medium was found to support the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hASCs, but the composition of the RegES medium hindered the comparison of OM1, OM2 and OM3. CONCLUSIONS Serum conditions affect hASC proliferation and differentiation significantly. The ALP activity and mineralization was the weakest in FBS-based medium, although osteogenic markers were upregulated on mRNA level. When comparing the OM composition, the commonly used OM1 was least effective. Accordingly, higher concentration of AsA2-P and lower concentration of Dex, as in OM2 and OM3, should be used for the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs in vitro.
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Teng Z, Yoshida T, Okabe M, Toda A, Higuchi O, Nogami M, Yoneda N, Zhou K, Kyo S, Kiyono T, Nikaido T. Establishment of Immortalized Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Transplant 2013; 22:267-78. [DOI: 10.3727/096368912x655055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic mesenchymal cells (HAM cells) are known to contain somatic stem cells possessing the characteristics of pluripotency. However, little is known about the biology of these somatic cells because isolated HAM cells from amniotic membrane have a limited lifespan. To overcome this problem, we attempted to prolong the lifespan of HAM cells by infecting retrovirus encoding human papillomavirus type16E6 and E7 (HPV16E6E7), bmi-1, and/or human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) genes and investigated their characteristics as stem cells. We confirmed the immortalization of the four lines of cultured HAM cells for about 1 year. Immortalized human amnion mesenchymal cells (iHAM cells) have continued to proliferate over 200 population doublings (PDs). iHAM cells were positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD44 and negative for CD34, CD14, CD45, and HLA-DR. They expressed stem cell markers such as Oct3/4, Sox2, Nanog, Klf4, SSEA4, c-myc, vimentin, and nestin. They showed adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation abilities after induction. These results suggested that immortalized cell lines with characteristics of stem cells can be established. iHAM cells with an extended lifespan can be used to produce good experimental models both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Teng
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshiko Yoshida
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Motonori Okabe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ayaka Toda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Osamu Higuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Makiko Nogami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Noriko Yoneda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kaixuan Zhou
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Satoru Kyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Touru Kiyono
- Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Nikaido
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
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Zhou K, Koike C, Yoshida T, Okabe M, Fathy M, Kyo S, Kiyono T, Saito S, Nikaido T. Establishment and characterization of immortalized human amniotic epithelial cells. Cell Reprogram 2013; 15:55-67. [PMID: 23298399 PMCID: PMC3567704 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2012.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic epithelial cells (HAEs) have a low immunogenic profile and possess potent immunosuppressive properties. HAEs also have several characteristics similar to stem cells, and they are discarded after parturition. Thus, they could potentially be used in cell therapy with fewer ethical problems. HAEs have a short life, so our aim is to establish and characterize immortalized human amniotic epithelial cells (iHAEs). HAEs were introduced with viral oncogenes E6/E7 and with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) to create iHAEs. These iHAEs have proliferated around 200 population doublings (PDs) for at least 12 months. High expression of stem cell markers (Oct 3/4, Nanog, Sox2, Klf4) and epithelial markers (CK5, CK18) were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These iHAEs were expanded in ultra-low-attachment dishes to form spheroids similarly to epithelial stem/precursor cells. High expression of mesenchymal (CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105) and somatic (CD24, CD29, CD271, Nestin) stem cell markers was detected by flow cytometry. The iHAEs showed adipogenic, osteogenic, neuronal, and cardiac differentiation abilities. In conclusion, the immortalization of HAEs with the characteristics of stem cells has been established, allowing these iHAEs to become useful for cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Zhou
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Chika Koike
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshiko Yoshida
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Motonori Okabe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Satoru Kyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshio Nikaido
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Declercq HA, Tamara De Caluwé, Krysko O, Bachert C, Cornelissen MJ. Bone grafts engineered from human adipose-derived stem cells in dynamic 3D-environments. Biomaterials 2013; 34:1004-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Park BH, Zhou L, Jang KY, Park HS, Lim JM, Yoon SJ, Lee SY, Kim JR. Enhancement of tibial regeneration in a rat model by adipose-derived stromal cells in a PLGA scaffold. Bone 2012; 51:313-23. [PMID: 22684001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autologous adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are an obvious source of osteogenic cells and can be easily isolated from adipose tissue. We evaluated the potential of ASCs seeded onto a scaffold to heal tibial defects. METHODS Autologous ASCs were obtained from adipose tissue by collagenase digestion. The cells were seeded in three-dimensional poly(lactic)-glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffolds and cultured in osteogenic medium for four weeks. Evidence of osteogenesis was assessed by von Kossa staining in three-dimensional cultures following osteogenic induction. The critical size tibial defects (10mm) were created using a rat model. Defects were either left empty (sham group), treated with a PLGA scaffold alone (PLGA group), or a PLGA/ASC composite (PLGA/ASC group). Using radiologic and histologic analyses, we assessed total bone volume and vascular density. Total RNA was prepared from regenerated bone and analyzed for osteogenic marker gene expression. RESULTS In three-dimensional cultures, the PLGA/ASC composite showed multiple calcified extracellular matrix nodules on von Kossa staining after four weeks of differentiation. Near complete healing was observed between the PLGA/ASC engrafted tibial defects on plain radiographs and micro-CT findings. Total bone volume and mechanical strength were significantly higher in the PLGA/ASC group compared to the sham and PLGA groups. Histologic analysis revealed increased new bone formation along capillaries in the PLGA/ASC group. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of osteogenic genes in the PLGA/ASC group. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that the repair of tibial defects was accelerated by implantation of autologous ASCs seeded onto a PLGA scaffold. Therefore, PLGA/ASC is a promising new cell-based therapy for healing critical size tibial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Marcos-Campos I, Marolt D, Petridis P, Bhumiratana S, Schmidt D, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Bone scaffold architecture modulates the development of mineralized bone matrix by human embryonic stem cells. Biomaterials 2012; 33:8329-42. [PMID: 22901965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized bone has been widely used as a scaffold for bone formation, due to its similarity to the native bone matrix and excellent osteoinductive and biomechanical properties. We have previously shown that human mesenchymal and embryonic stem cells form functional bone matrix on such scaffolds, without the use of growth factors. In this study, we focused on differences in bone matrix that exist even among identical harvesting sites, and the effects of the matrix architecture and mineral content on bone formation by human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Mesenchymal progenitors derived from hESCs were cultured for 5 weeks in decellularized bone scaffolds with three different densities: low (0.281 ± 0.018 mg/mm(3)), medium (0.434 ± 0.015 mg/mm(3)) and high (0.618 ± 0.027 mg/mm(3)). The medium-density group yielded highest densities of cells and newly assembled bone matrix, presumably due to the best balance between the transport of nutrients and metabolites to and from the cells, space for cell infiltration, surface for cell attachment and the mechanical strength of the scaffolds, all of which depend on the scaffold density. Bone mineral was beneficial for the higher expression of bone markers in cultured cells and more robust accumulation of the new bone matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Marcos-Campos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, NY 10032, USA
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Egusa H, Sonoyama W, Nishimura M, Atsuta I, Akiyama K. Stem cells in dentistry--part I: stem cell sources. J Prosthodont Res 2012; 56:151-65. [PMID: 22796367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells can self-renew and produce different cell types, thus providing new strategies to regenerate missing tissues and treat diseases. In the field of dentistry, adult mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been identified in several oral and maxillofacial tissues, which suggests that the oral tissues are a rich source of stem cells, and oral stem and mucosal cells are expected to provide an ideal source for genetically reprogrammed cells such as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Furthermore, oral tissues are expected to be not only a source but also a therapeutic target for stem cells, as stem cell and tissue engineering therapies in dentistry continue to attract increasing clinical interest. Part I of this review outlines various types of intra- and extra-oral tissue-derived stem cells with regard to clinical availability and applications in dentistry. Additionally, appropriate sources of stem cells for regenerative dentistry are discussed with regard to differentiation capacity, accessibility and possible immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Egusa
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Wang PY, Clements LR, Thissen H, Hung SC, Cheng NC, Tsai WB, Voelcker NH. Screening the attachment and spreading of bone marrow-derived and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on porous silicon gradients. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21557h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
This is a review of the growing scientific interest in the developmental plasticity and therapeutic potential of stromal cells isolated from adipose tissue. Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) are multipotent somatic stem cells that are abundant in fat tissue. It has been shown that ASCs can differentiate into several lineages, including adipose cells, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, neuronal cells, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes. At the same time, adipose tissue can be harvested by a minimally invasive procedure, which makes it a promising source of adult stem cells. Therefore, it is believed that ASCs may become an alternative to the currently available adult stem cells (e.g. bone marrow stromal cells) for potential use in regenerative medicine. In this review, we present the basic information about the field of adipose-derived stem cells and their potential use in various applications.
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A comparison between osteogenic differentiation of human unrestricted somatic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 33:1257-64. [PMID: 21287233 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the potential of three stem cells for cell therapy and tissue engineering applications, the biological behavior and osteogenic capacity of the newly introduced cord-blood-derived, unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSC) were compared with those of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSC) and adipose tissue (AT-MSC). There was no significant difference between the rates of proliferation of the three stem cells. During osteogenic differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity peaked on day 7 in USSC compared to BM-MSC which showed the maximum value of ALP activity on day 14. However, BM-MSC had the highest ALP activity and mineralization during osteogenic induction. In addition, AT-MSC showed the lowest capacity for mineralization during differentiation and had the lowest ALP activity on days 7 and 14. Although AT-MSC expressed higher levels of collagen type I, osteonectin and BMP-2 in undifferentiated state, but these genes were expressed higher in BM-MSC during differentiation. BM-MSC also expressed higher levels of ALP, osteocalcin and Runx2 during induction. Taking together, BM-MSC showed the highest capacity for osteogenic differentiation and hold promising potential for bone tissue engineering and cell therapy applications.
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Alexeev V, Uitto J, Igoucheva O. Gene expression signatures of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the cutaneous environment and therapeutic implications for blistering skin disorder. Cytotherapy 2010; 13:30-45. [PMID: 20854215 DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2010.518609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Multiple studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be utilized therapeutically for various congenital and acquired disorders. The involvement of MSC in the maintenance of skin homeostasis and their curative application for the treatment of skin wounds have also been documented. However, it is not known whether MSC can commit to cutaneous lineages, produce structural proteins essential for the skin integrity or be used for hereditary skin disorders. METHODS To address these questions, we conducted a comparative expression analysis between MSC and potentially adjacent cutaneous cells, fibroblasts and keratinocytes, with specific emphasis on extracellular matrix encoding and related genes. RESULTS Our data demonstrated that MSC share many features with cutaneous fibroblasts. We also observed that under direct influence of cutaneous fibroblasts in vitro and fibroblast-derived matrix in vivo, MSC acquired a fibroblastic phenotype, suggesting that specific cell-cell interactions play a key regulatory role in the differentiation of MSC. Additionally, the observed fibroblastic transition of MSC was underlined by a significant up-regulation of several cutaneous-specific genes encoding lumican, decorin, type VII collagen, laminin and other structural proteins. As many of the identified genes have considerable therapeutic value for dermatologic afflictions, particularly type VII collagen, we evaluated further the therapeutic potential of congenic MSC in the skin of Col7a1-null mice recapitulating human recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). Remarkably, MSC-derived type VII collagen was sufficient for restoration of the damaged dermal-epidermal junction and partial reversal of the RDEB phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results suggest that MSC may offer promising therapeutics for the treatment of RDEB and potentially other genodermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitali Alexeev
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Egusa H, Okita K, Kayashima H, Yu G, Fukuyasu S, Saeki M, Matsumoto T, Yamanaka S, Yatani H. Gingival fibroblasts as a promising source of induced pluripotent stem cells. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12743. [PMID: 20856871 PMCID: PMC2939066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells efficiently generated from accessible tissues have the potential for clinical applications. Oral gingiva, which is often resected during general dental treatments and treated as biomedical waste, is an easily obtainable tissue, and cells can be isolated from patients with minimal discomfort. Methodology/Principal Findings We herein demonstrate iPS cell generation from adult wild-type mouse gingival fibroblasts (GFs) via introduction of four factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc; GF-iPS-4F cells) or three factors (the same as GF-iPS-4F cells, but without the c-Myc oncogene; GF-iPS-3F cells) without drug selection. iPS cells were also generated from primary human gingival fibroblasts via four-factor transduction. These cells exhibited the morphology and growth properties of embryonic stem (ES) cells and expressed ES cell marker genes, with a decreased CpG methylation ratio in promoter regions of Nanog and Oct3/4. Additionally, teratoma formation assays showed ES cell-like derivation of cells and tissues representative of all three germ layers. In comparison to mouse GF-iPS-4F cells, GF-iPS-3F cells showed consistently more ES cell-like characteristics in terms of DNA methylation status and gene expression, although the reprogramming process was substantially delayed and the overall efficiency was also reduced. When transplanted into blastocysts, GF-iPS-3F cells gave rise to chimeras and contributed to the development of the germline. Notably, the four-factor reprogramming efficiency of mouse GFs was more than 7-fold higher than that of fibroblasts from tail-tips, possibly because of their high proliferative capacity. Conclusions/Significance These results suggest that GFs from the easily obtainable gingival tissues can be readily reprogrammed into iPS cells, thus making them a promising cell source for investigating the basis of cellular reprogramming and pluripotency for future clinical applications. In addition, high-quality iPS cells were generated from mouse GFs without Myc transduction or a specific system for reprogrammed cell selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Egusa
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Jansen BJH, Gilissen C, Roelofs H, Schaap-Oziemlak A, Veltman JA, Raymakers RAP, Jansen JH, Kögler G, Figdor CG, Torensma R, Adema GJ. Functional differences between mesenchymal stem cell populations are reflected by their transcriptome. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:481-90. [PMID: 19788395 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are widely studied to enable their use in tissue repair. However, differences in function and differentiation potential exist between distinct stem cell populations. Whether those differences are due to donor variation, cell culture, or intrinsic properties remains elusive. Therefore, we compared 3 cell lines isolated from 3 different niches using the Affymetrix Exon Array platform: the cord blood-derived neonatal unrestricted somatic stem cell (USSC), adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), and adult adipose tissue-derived stem cells (AdAS). While donor variation was minimal, large differences between stem cells of different origin were detected. BM-MSC and AdAS, outwardly similar, are more closely related to each other than to USSC. Interestingly, USSC expressed genes involved in the cell cycle and in neurogenesis, consistent with their reported neuronal differentiation capacity. The BM-MSC signature indicates that they are primed toward developmental processes of tissues and organs derived from the mesoderm and endoderm. Remarkably, AdAS appear to be highly enriched in immune-related genes. Together, the data suggest that the different mesenchymal stem cell types have distinct gene expression profiles, reflecting their origin and differentiation potential. Furthermore, these differences indicate a demand for effective differentiation protocols tailored to each stem cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastiaan J H Jansen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Xu XH, Dong SS, Guo Y, Yang TL, Lei SF, Papasian CJ, Zhao M, Deng HW. Molecular genetic studies of gene identification for osteoporosis: the 2009 update. Endocr Rev 2010; 31:447-505. [PMID: 20357209 PMCID: PMC3365849 DOI: 10.1210/er.2009-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complex human disease that results in increased susceptibility to fragility fractures. It can be phenotypically characterized using several traits, including bone mineral density, bone size, bone strength, and bone turnover markers. The identification of gene variants that contribute to osteoporosis phenotypes, or responses to therapy, can eventually help individualize the prognosis, treatment, and prevention of fractures and their adverse outcomes. Our previously published reviews have comprehensively summarized the progress of molecular genetic studies of gene identification for osteoporosis and have covered the data available to the end of September 2007. This review represents our continuing efforts to summarize the important and representative findings published between October 2007 and November 2009. The topics covered include genetic association and linkage studies in humans, transgenic and knockout mouse models, as well as gene-expression microarray and proteomics studies. Major results are tabulated for comparison and ease of reference. Comments are made on the notable findings and representative studies for their potential influence and implications on our present understanding of the genetics of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hong Xu
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Elucidating Mechanisms of Osteogenesis in Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells via Microarray Analysis. J Craniofac Surg 2010; 21:1136-41. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0b013e3181e488d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Jackson WM, Aragon AB, Bulken-Hoover JD, Nesti LJ, Tuan RS. Putative heterotopic ossification progenitor cells derived from traumatized muscle. J Orthop Res 2009; 27:1645-51. [PMID: 19517576 PMCID: PMC3014572 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a frequent complication following combat-related trauma, but the pathogenesis of traumatic HO is poorly understood. Building on our recent identification of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) in traumatically injured muscle, the goal of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic potential of the MPCs in order to assess the role of these cells in HO formation. Compared to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a well-characterized population of osteoprogenitor cells, the MPCs exhibited several significant differences during osteogenic differentiation and in the expression of genes related to osteogenesis. Upon osteogenic induction, MPCs showed increased alkaline phosphatase activity, production of a mineralized matrix, and up-regulated expression of the osteoblast-associated genes CBFA1 and alkaline phosphatase. However, MPCs did not appear to reach terminal differentiation as the expression of osteocalcin was not substantially up-regulated. With the exception of a few genes, the osteogenic gene expression profile of traumatized muscle-derived MPCs was comparable to that of the MSCs after osteogenic induction. These findings indicate that traumatized muscle-derived MPCs have the potential to function as osteoprogenitor cells when exposed to the appropriate biochemical environment and are the putative osteoprogenitor cells that initiate ectopic bone formation in HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley M. Jackson
- Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amber B. Aragon
- Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland,Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jamie D. Bulken-Hoover
- Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland,Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Leon J. Nesti
- Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland,Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia,Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rocky S. Tuan
- Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
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Egusa H, Kaneda Y, Akashi Y, Hamada Y, Matsumoto T, Saeki M, Thakor DK, Tabata Y, Matsuura N, Yatani H. Enhanced bone regeneration via multimodal actions of synthetic peptide SVVYGLR on osteoprogenitors and osteoclasts. Biomaterials 2009; 30:4676-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2009] [Accepted: 05/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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A population of human brain cells expressing phenotypic markers of more than one lineage can be induced in vitro to differentiate into mesenchymal cells. Exp Cell Res 2009; 315:462-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Loss of discordant cells during micro-mass differentiation of embryonic stem cells into the chondrocyte lineage. Cell Death Differ 2008; 16:278-86. [DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2008.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Globus RK. Extracellular Matrix and Integrin Interactions in the Skeletal Responses to Mechanical Loading and Unloading. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-008-9013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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