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Sarkar N, Zhao J, Zhang NY, Horenberg AL, Grayson WL. 3D printed O 2-generating scaffolds enhance osteoprogenitor- and type H vessel recruitment during bone healing. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00382-9. [PMID: 39009209 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2)-delivering tissue substitutes have shown tremendous potential for enhancing tissue regeneration, maturation, and healing. As O2 is both a metabolite and powerful signaling molecule, providing controlled delivery is crucial for optimizing its beneficial effects in the treatment of critical-sized injuries. Here, we report the design and fabrication of 3D-printed, biodegradable, O2-generating bone scaffold comprising calcium peroxide (CPO) that once hydrolytically activated, provides long-term generation of oxygen at a controlled, concentration-dependent manner, and polycaprolactone (PCL), a hydrophobic polymer that regulate the interaction of CPO with water, preventing burst release of O2 at early time points. When anoxic conditions were simulated in vitro, CPO-PCL scaffolds maintained the survival and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (hASCs) relative to PCL-only controls. We assessed the in vivo osteogenic efficacy of hASC-seeded CPO-PCL scaffolds implanted in a non-healing critical-sized 4-mm calvarial defects in nude mice for 8 weeks. Even without exogenous osteoinductive factors, CPO-PCL scaffolds demonstrated increased new bone volume compared to PCL-only scaffolds as verified by both microcomputed tomography analysis and histological assessments. Lastly, we employed a quantitative 3D lightsheet microscopy platform to determine that O2-generating scaffolds had similar vascular volumes with slightly higher presence of CD31hiEmcnhi pro-osteogenic, type H vessels and increased number of Osterix+ skeletal progenitor cells relative to PCL-only scaffolds. In summary, 3D-printed O2 generating CPO-PCL scaffolds with tunable O2 release rates provide a facile, customizable strategy for effectively treating, craniofacial bone defects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Oxygen(O2)-delivering bone substitutes show promise in defect repair applications by supplying O2 to the cells within or around the graft, improving cell survivability and enhancing bone matrix mineralization. A novel O2-generating bone scaffold has been 3D printed for the first-time which ensures patient and defect specificity. 3D printed calcium peroxide-polycaprolactone (CPO-PCL) bone scaffold provides uninterrupted O2 supply for 22 days allowing cell survival in deprived O2 and nutrient conditions. For the first time, O2-driven bone regenerative environment in mice calvaria has been captured by light-sheet imaging which illuminates abundance of Osterix+ cells, angiogenesis at a single cell resolution indicating active site of bone remodeling and growth in the presence of O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naboneeta Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jingtong Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Y Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allison L Horenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Warren L Grayson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Coroneo MT, Graterol-Nisi G, Maver E, Gillies RM. Aqueous Humor Circulation in the Era of Minimally Invasive Surgery for Glaucoma. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:898-907. [PMID: 38155316 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma surgery with implantation of aqueous humor draining microstents may compromise long-term corneal health by disrupting aqueous humor circulation. The effect of stent numbers on this circulation was interrogated to determine the number of stents associated with minimal circulation disruption. An in vitro anterior eye model perfusion system was constructed with multiple exit ports. A 3-D model of the anterior eye was imported into ABAQUS CFD, analyzes were carried out for unsteady laminar flow and solved using Navier-Stokes equations. DT Vision Foundry was used to analyze velocity contour plot images. The field variable results output for the CFD model were fluid wall shear, fluid pressure and fluid velocity. In vitro, "aqueous" fluid flow is high through a single stent and "aqueous" stagnation is greatest in the quadrants 180° away. Increasing stent port numbers, results in an exponential decrease in the stagnant flow locations. High wall shear stress was seen in the single stent model and is markedly reduced after a second and subsequent stents are introduced. We identify two factors potentially contributing to corneal compromise post glaucoma drainage surgery: aqueous humor stagnation, remote to the stent site and higher exit flows imparting increased stent exit shear stress (particularly with a single stent). With 4 stents, there is minimal disruption of anterior chamber circulation (mimicking physiological conditions). Furthermore we propose that aqueous humor circulation disruption via the usual single-exit port approach disrupts aqueous humor circulation with long-term consequences for corneal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minas T Coroneo
- Ophthalmic Surgeons, 2 St Pauls St, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital/University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | - Eric Maver
- Ophthalmic Surgeons, 2 St Pauls St, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - R Mark Gillies
- Medical Device Research Australia Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia
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Zadegan S, Vahidi B, Nourmohammadi J, Shojaee A, Haghighipour N. Evaluation of rabbit adipose derived stem cells fate in perfused multilayered silk fibroin composite scaffold for Osteochondral repair. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35396. [PMID: 38433653 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Development of osteochondral tissue engineering approaches using scaffolds seeded with stem cells in association with mechanical stimulations has been recently considered as a promising technique for the repair of this tissue. In this study, an integrated and biomimetic trilayered silk fibroin (SF) scaffold containing SF nanofibers in each layer was fabricated. The osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of stem cells seeded on the fabricated scaffolds were investigated under a perfusion flow. 3-Dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that the perfusion flow significantly enhanced cell viability and proliferation. Analysis of gene expression by stem cells revealed that perfusion flow had significantly upregulated the expression of osteogenic and chondrogenic genes in the bone and cartilage layers and downregulated the hypertrophic gene expression in the intermediate layer of the scaffold. In conclusion, applying flow perfusion on the prepared integrated trilayered SF-based scaffold can support osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation for repairing osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zadegan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Vahidi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jhamak Nourmohammadi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Shojaee
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
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Kühl J, Gorb S, Kern M, Klüter T, Kühl S, Seekamp A, Fuchs S. Extrusion-based 3D printing of osteoinductive scaffolds with a spongiosa-inspired structure. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1268049. [PMID: 37790253 PMCID: PMC10544914 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1268049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical-sized bone defects resulting from trauma, inflammation, and tumor resections are individual in their size and shape. Implants for the treatment of such defects have to consider biomechanical and biomedical factors, as well as the individual conditions within the implantation site. In this context, 3D printing technologies offer new possibilities to design and produce patient-specific implants reflecting the outer shape and internal structure of the replaced bone tissue. The selection or modification of materials used in 3D printing enables the adaption of the implant, by enhancing the osteoinductive or biomechanical properties. In this study, scaffolds with bone spongiosa-inspired structure for extrusion-based 3D printing were generated. The computer aided design process resulted in an up scaled and simplified version of the bone spongiosa. To enhance the osteoinductive properties of the 3D printed construct, polycaprolactone (PCL) was combined with 20% (wt) calcium phosphate nano powder (CaP). The implants were designed in form of a ring structure and revealed an irregular and interconnected porous structure with a calculated porosity of 35.2% and a compression strength within the range of the natural cancellous bone. The implants were assessed in terms of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity using the osteosarcoma cell line MG63 and patient-derived mesenchymal stem cells in selected experiments. Cell growth and differentiation over 14 days were monitored using confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) quantification, gene expression analysis, and quantitative assessment of calcification. MG63 cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) adhered to the printed implants and revealed a typical elongated morphology as indicated by microscopy. Using DNA quantification, no differences for PCL or PCL-CaP in the initial adhesion of MG63 cells were observed, while the PCL-based scaffolds favored cell proliferation in the early phases of culture up to 7 days. In contrast, on PCL-CaP, cell proliferation for MG63 cells was not evident, while data from PCR and the levels of calcification, or alkaline phosphatase activity, indicated osteogenic differentiation within the PCL-CaP constructs over time. For hMSC, the highest levels in the total calcium content were observed for the PCL-CaP constructs, thus underlining the osteoinductive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kühl
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stanislav Gorb
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Kern
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Material, University Medical Center, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tim Klüter
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kühl
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Seekamp
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabine Fuchs
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center, Kiel, Germany
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Fuchs B, Birt A, Moellhoff N, Kuhlmann C, Giunta R, Wiggenhauser PS. The use of commercial fibrin glue in dermal replacement material reduces angiogenic and lymphangiogenic gene and protein expression in vitro. J Biomater Appl 2023; 37:1858-1873. [PMID: 37082911 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231171681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commercial fibrin glue is increasingly finding its way into clinical practice in surgeries to seal anastomosis, and initiate hemostasis or tissue repair. Human biological glue is also being discussed as a possible cell carrier. To date, there are only a few studies addressing the effects of fibrin glue on the cell-molecular level. This study examines the effects of fibrin glue on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, as well as adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) with a focus on gene and protein expression in scaffolds regularly used for tissue engineering approaches. METHODS Collagen-based dermal regeneration matrices (DRM) were seeded with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), or adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) and fixed with or without fibrin glue according to the experimental group. Cultures were maintained for 1 and 7 days. Finally, angiogenic and lymphangiogenic gene and protein expression were measured with special regard to subtypes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and corresponding receptors using Multiplex-qPCR and ELISA assays. In addition, the hypoxia-induced factor 1-alpha (HIF1a) mediated intracellular signaling pathways were included in assessments to analyze a hypoxic encapsulating effect of fibrin polymers. RESULTS All cell types reacted to fibrin glue application with an alteration of gene and protein expression. In particular, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB), vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC), vascular endothelial growth receptor 1 (VEGFR1/FLT1), vascular endothelial growth receptor 2 (VEGFR2/KDR), vascular endothelial growth receptor 3 (VEGFR3/FLT4) and Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1) were depressed significantly depending on fibrin glue. Especially short-term fibrin effect led to a continuous downregulation of respective gene and protein expression in HUVECs, LECs, and ASCs. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the impact of fibrin glue application in dermal regeneration with special regard to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. In particular, a short fibrin treatment of 24 hours led to a decrease in gene and protein levels of LECS, HUVECs, and ASCs. In contrast, the long-term application showed less effect on gene and protein expressions. Therefore, this work demonstrated the negative effects of fibrin-treated cells in tissue engineering approaches and could affect wound healing during dermal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Fuchs
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Birt
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Riccardo Giunta
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, LMU, Munich, Germany
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Do TD, Pham UT, Nguyen LP, Nguyen TM, Bui CN, Oliver S, Pham P, Tran TQ, Hoang BT, Pham MTH, Pham DTN, Nguyen DT. Fabrication of a Low-Cost Microfluidic Device for High-Throughput Drug Testing on Static and Dynamic Cancer Spheroid Culture Models. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13081394. [PMID: 37189495 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13081394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug development is a complex and expensive process from new drug discovery to product approval. Most drug screening and testing rely on in vitro 2D cell culture models; however, they generally lack in vivo tissue microarchitecture and physiological functionality. Therefore, many researchers have used engineering methods, such as microfluidic devices, to culture 3D cells in dynamic conditions. In this study, a simple and low-cost microfluidic device was fabricated using Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA), a widely available material, and the total cost of the completed device was USD 17.75. Dynamic and static cell culture examinations were applied to monitor the growth of 3D cells. α-MG-loaded GA liposomes were used as the drug to test cell viability in 3D cancer spheroids. Two cell culture conditions (i.e., static and dynamic) were also used in drug testing to simulate the effect of flow on drug cytotoxicity. Results from all assays showed that with the velocity of 0.005 mL/min, cell viability was significantly impaired to nearly 30% after 72 h in a dynamic culture. This device is expected to improve in vitro testing models, reduce and eliminate unsuitable compounds, and select more accurate combinations for in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Dinh Do
- Saint Paul General Hospital, No. 12, Chu Van An St., Ba Dinh Dist, Ha Noi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Uyen Thu Pham
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Linh Phuong Nguyen
- School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung St., Dong Da Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Trang Minh Nguyen
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Nguyen Bui
- Hung Yen University of Technology and Education (UTEHY), 39A St., Khoai Chau Dist., Hung Yen 17000, Vietnam
| | - Susan Oliver
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Phuong Pham
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Toan Quoc Tran
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Bich Thi Hoang
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Thi Hong Pham
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
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Wandishin CM, Robbins CJ, Tyson DR, Harris LA, Quaranta V. Real-time luminescence enables continuous drug-response analysis in adherent and suspension cell lines. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:358-368. [PMID: 35443861 PMCID: PMC9037430 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2065182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug-induced proliferation (DIP) rate is a metric of in vitro drug response that avoids inherent biases in commonly used metrics such as 72 h viability. However, DIP rate measurements rely on direct cell counting over time, a laborious task that is subject to numerous challenges, including the need to fluorescently label cells and automatically segment nuclei. Moreover, it is incredibly difficult to directly count cells and accurately measure DIP rates for cell populations in suspension. As an alternative, we use real-time luminescence measurements derived from the cellular activity of NAD(P)H oxidoreductase to efficiently estimate drug response in both adherent and suspension cell populations to a panel of known anticancer agents. For the adherent cell lines, we collect both luminescence reads and direct cell counts over time simultaneously to assess their congruency. Our results demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly speeds up data collection, avoids the need for cellular labels and image segmentation, and opens the door to significant advances in high-throughput screening of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles John Robbins
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TNUSA
| | - Darren R. Tyson
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TNUSA
| | - Leonard A. Harris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, ARUSA
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TNUSA
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Sawyer SW, Takeda K, Alayoubi A, Mirdamadi E, Zidan A, Bauer SR, Degheidy H. 3D bioprinting optimization of human mesenchymal stromal cell laden gelatin-alginate-collagen bioink. Biomed Mater 2022; 18. [PMID: 36395510 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aca3e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
3D bioprinting technology has gained increased attention in the regenerative medicine and tissue engineering communities over the past decade with their attempts to create functional living tissues and organsde novo. While tissues such as skin, bone, and cartilage have been successfully fabricated using 3D bioprinting, there are still many technical and process driven challenges that must be overcome before a complete tissue engineered solution is realized. Although there may never be a single adopted bioprinting process in the scientific community, adherence to optimized bioprinting protocols could reduce variability and improve precision with the goal of ensuring high quality printed constructs. Here, we report on the bioprinting of a gelatin-alginate-collagen bioink containing human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) which has been optimized to ensure printing consistency and reliability. The study consists of three phases: a pre-printing phase which focuses on bioink characterization; a printing phase which focuses on bioink extrudability/printability, construct stability, and printing accuracy; and a post-processing phase which focuses on the homogeneity and bioactivity of the encapsulated hMSC printed constructs. The results showed that eight identical constructs containing hMSCs could be reliably and accurately printed into stable cross-hatched structures with a single material preparation, and that batch-to-batch consistency was accurately maintained across all preparations. Analysis of the proliferation, morphology, and differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs within the printed constructs showed that cells were able to form large,interconnected colonies and were capable of robust adipogenic differentiation within 14 d of culturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W Sawyer
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Kazuyo Takeda
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Alaadin Alayoubi
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Eman Mirdamadi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Zidan
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Steven R Bauer
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Heba Degheidy
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
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Mahapatra C, Kumar P, Paul MK, Kumar A. Angiogenic stimulation strategies in bone tissue regeneration. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Forrestal DP, Allenby MC, Simpson B, Klein TJ, Woodruff MA. Personalized Volumetric Tissue Generation by Enhancing Multiscale Mass Transport through 3D Printed Scaffolds in Perfused Bioreactors. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200454. [PMID: 35765715 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Engineered tissues provide an alternative to graft material, circumventing the use of donor tissue such as autografts or allografts and non-physiological synthetic implants. However, their lack of vasculature limits the growth of volumetric tissue more than several millimeters thick which limits their success post-implantation. Perfused bioreactors enhance nutrient mass transport inside lab-grown tissue but remain poorly customizable to support the culture of personalized implants. Here, a multiscale framework of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), additive manufacturing, and a perfusion bioreactor system are presented to engineer personalized volumetric tissue in the laboratory. First, microscale 3D printed scaffold pore geometries are designed and 3D printed to characterize media perfusion through CFD and experimental fluid testing rigs. Then, perfusion bioreactors are custom-designed to combine 3D printed scaffolds with flow-focusing inserts in patient-specific shapes as simulated using macroscale CFD. Finally, these computationally optimized bioreactor-scaffold assemblies are additively manufactured and cultured with pre-osteoblast cells for 7, 20, and 24 days to achieve tissue growth in the shape of human calcaneus bones of 13 mL volume and 1 cm thickness. This framework enables an intelligent model-based design of 3D printed scaffolds and perfusion bioreactors which enhances nutrient transport for long-term volumetric tissue growth in personalized implant shapes. The novel methods described here are readily applicable for use with different cell types, biomaterials, and scaffold microstructures to research therapeutic solutions for a wide range of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Forrestal
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia.,Herston Biofabrication Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, 7 Butterfield St, Herston, Queensland, 4029, Australia.,School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Staff House Rd, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Mark C Allenby
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, Staff House Rd, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Benjamin Simpson
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus Rd, Nottingham, NG11 8NF, UK
| | - Travis J Klein
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Maria A Woodruff
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia
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Bikmulina P, Kosheleva N, Shpichka A, Yusupov V, Gogvadze V, Rochev Y, Timashev P. Photobiomodulation in 3D tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:090901. [PMID: 36104833 PMCID: PMC9473299 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.9.090901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The method of photobiomodulation (PBM) has been used in medicine for a long time to promote anti-inflammation and pain-resolving processes in different organs and tissues. PBM triggers numerous cellular pathways including stimulation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, alteration of the cytoskeleton, cell death prevention, increasing proliferative activity, and directing cell differentiation. The most effective wavelengths for PBM are found within the optical window (750 to 1100 nm), in which light can permeate tissues and other water-containing structures to depths of up to a few cm. PBM already finds its applications in the developing fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the diversity of three-dimensional (3D) systems, irradiation sources, and protocols intricate the PBM applications. AIM We aim to discuss the PBM and 3D tissue engineered constructs to define the fields of interest for PBM applications in tissue engineering. APPROACH First, we provide a brief overview of PBM and the timeline of its development. Then, we discuss the optical properties of 3D cultivation systems and important points of light dosimetry. Finally, we analyze the cellular pathways induced by PBM and outcomes observed in various 3D tissue-engineered constructs: hydrogels, scaffolds, spheroids, cell sheets, bioprinted structures, and organoids. RESULTS Our summarized results demonstrate the great potential of PBM in the stimulation of the cell survival and viability in 3D conditions. The strategies to achieve different cell physiology states with particular PBM parameters are outlined. CONCLUSIONS PBM has already proved itself as a convenient and effective tool to prevent drastic cellular events in the stress conditions. Because of the poor viability of cells in scaffolds and the convenience of PBM devices, 3D tissue engineering is a perspective field for PBM applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Bikmulina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nastasia Kosheleva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- FSBSI Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov University, Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov University, Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Yusupov
- Institute of Photon Technologies of FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Troitsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yury Rochev
- National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter Timashev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov University, Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Hoyle H, Stenger C, Przyborski S. Design considerations of benchtop fluid flow bioreactors for bio-engineered tissue equivalents in vitro. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2022; 8:100063. [PMID: 36824373 PMCID: PMC9934498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major aims of bio-engineering tissue equivalents in vitro is to create physiologically relevant culture conditions to accurately recreate the cellular microenvironment. This often includes incorporation of factors such as the extracellular matrix, co-culture of multiple cell types and three-dimensional culture techniques. These advanced techniques can recapitulate some of the properties of tissue in vivo, however fluid flow is a key aspect that is often absent. Fluid flow can be introduced into cell and tissue culture using bioreactors, which are becoming increasingly common as we seek to produce increasingly accurate tissue models. Bespoke technology is continuously being developed to tailor systems for specific applications and to allow compatibility with a range of culture techniques. For effective perfusion of a tissue culture many parameters can be controlled, ranging from impacts of the fluid flow such as increased shear stress and mass transport, to potentially unwanted side effects such as temperature fluctuations. A thorough understanding of these properties and their implications on the culture model can aid with a more accurate interpretation of results. Improved and more complete characterisation of bioreactor properties will also lead to greater accuracy when reporting culture conditions in protocols, aiding experimental reproducibility, and allowing more precise comparison of results between different systems. In this review we provide an analysis of the different factors involved in the development of benchtop flow bioreactors and their potential biological impacts across a range of applications.
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Key Words
- 3D, three-dimensional
- ABS, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- ALI, air-liquid interface
- Bioreactors
- CFD, computational fluid dynamics
- Cell culture
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- FDM, fused deposition modelling
- Fluid flow
- PC, polycarbonate
- PET, polyethylene terephthalate
- PLA, polylactic acid
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- SLA, stereolithography
- Tissue engineering
- UL, unstirred layer
- UV, ultraviolet light
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Affiliation(s)
- H.W. Hoyle
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - C.M.L. Stenger
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - S.A. Przyborski
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK,NETPark Incubator, Reprocell Europe Ltd., Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield TS21 3FD, UK,Corresponding author at: Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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13
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Vértesy Á, Eichmüller OL, Naas J, Novatchkova M, Esk C, Balmaña M, Ladstaetter S, Bock C, von Haeseler A, Knoblich JA. Gruffi: an algorithm for computational removal of stressed cells from brain organoid transcriptomic datasets. EMBO J 2022; 41:e111118. [PMID: 35919947 PMCID: PMC9433936 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoids enable in vitro modeling of complex developmental processes and disease pathologies. Like most 3D cultures, organoids lack sufficient oxygen supply and therefore experience cellular stress. These negative effects are particularly prominent in complex models, such as brain organoids, and can affect lineage commitment. Here, we analyze brain organoid and fetal single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data from published and new datasets, totaling about 190,000 cells. We identify a unique stress signature in the data from all organoid samples, but not in fetal samples. We demonstrate that cell stress is limited to a defined subpopulation of cells that is unique to organoids and does not affect neuronal specification or maturation. We have developed a computational algorithm, Gruffi, which uses granular functional filtering to identify and remove stressed cells from any organoid scRNAseq dataset in an unbiased manner. We validated our method using six additional datasets from different organoid protocols and early brains, and show its usefulness to other organoid systems including retinal organoids. Our data show that the adverse effects of cell stress can be corrected by bioinformatic analysis for improved delineation of developmental trajectories and resemblance to in vivo data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ábel Vértesy
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver L Eichmüller
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Naas
- Max Perutz Labs, Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria.,Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, A Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Christopher Esk
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Meritxell Balmaña
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabrina Ladstaetter
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arndt von Haeseler
- Max Perutz Labs, Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Juergen A Knoblich
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumar S. Nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomedical implants applications: a mini-review. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.21.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There is heavy demand for suitable implant materials with improved mechanical and biological properties. Classically, the demand was catered by conventional materials like metals, alloys, and polymer-based materials. Recently, nanomaterial reinforced composites have played a significant role in replacing conventional materials due to their excellent properties such as biocompatibility, bioactivity, high strength to weight ratio, long life, corrosion & wear resistance, and tailor-ability. Herein, we composed a systematic focus review on the role of nanoparticles in the form of composite materials for the advancements in orthopedic implants. Several nano materials-based reinforcements have been reviewed with various matrix materials, including metals, alloys, ceramics, composites, and polymers for biomedical implant applications. Moreover, the improved biological properties, mechanical properties, and other functionalities like infection resistance, drug delivery at the target, sensing, and detection of bone diseases, and corrosion & wear resistance are elaborated. At last, a particular focus has been given to the un-resolved challenges in orthopedic implant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nanotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University, Hissar, India
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15
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Kovacevic B, Ionescu CM, Jones M, Wagle SR, Lewkowicz M, Đanić M, Mikov M, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H. The Effect of Deoxycholic Acid on Chitosan-Enabled Matrices for Tissue Scaffolding and Injectable Nanogels. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060358. [PMID: 35735702 PMCID: PMC9222767 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of a multitude of diseases is influenced by bioenergetic dysfunction. Healthy mitochondria are presented as essential for the regulation and function of multiple cell types, including the cells of relevance for this research: pancreatic beta cells, muscle cells, and liver cells. Hence, effects of hydrogels (particularly nanogels) on bioenergetics needs to be taken into account when designing optimum delivery matrices. Several polymers have been suggested for use in hydrogels and nanogels, with focus on chitosan due to its range of beneficial properties. Bile acids have emerged as beneficial excipients, including deoxycholic acid, which can increase membrane permeability of cells. Nanogels were manufactured containing various concentrations of chitosan and deoxycholic acid in addition to the staple sodium alginate. Nanogels then underwent an array of analysis including rheological studies and in vitro cell work assessing viability, hypoxia, and the bioenergetic profiles. Overall, deoxycholic acid showed enhanced gel strength although this resulted in slightly lower cell viability and impacted bioenergetic profiles. Results from this study showed the benefits of deoxycholic acid; however, this was found to be less suitable for cell delivery matrices and is perhaps more beneficial for drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (B.K.); (C.M.I.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (M.L.)
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (B.K.); (C.M.I.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (M.L.)
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (B.K.); (C.M.I.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (M.L.)
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (B.K.); (C.M.I.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (M.L.)
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Michael Lewkowicz
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (B.K.); (C.M.I.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (M.L.)
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Maja Đanić
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.Đ.); (M.M.)
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.Đ.); (M.M.)
| | - Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (B.K.); (C.M.I.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (M.L.)
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (H.A.-S.)
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (B.K.); (C.M.I.); (M.J.); (S.R.W.); (M.L.)
- Hearing Therapeutics Department, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (H.A.-S.)
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16
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Extensive cell seeding densities adaptable SF/PGA electrospinning scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 137:212834. [PMID: 35929266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Elimination of Induced Hypoxic Regions in Depth of 3D Porous Silk Scaffolds by the Introduction of Channel Configuration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9767687. [PMID: 35342757 PMCID: PMC8942621 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9767687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Development of large, clinically sized tissue constructs with efficient mass transport is a tremendous need in tissue engineering. One major challenge in large tissue-engineered constructs is to support homogeneous delivery of oxygen and nutrients throughout the tissue scaffold while eliminating induced hypoxic regions in depth. To address this goal, we introduced an especial channeled architecture on porous silk-based tissue scaffolds to improve supplying of oxygen to the cells in central regions of the scaffolds. Oxygen gradients were measured and evaluated in three scaffold prototypes, namely, one unchanneled and two channeled scaffolds with different channel diameters (500 μm and 1000 μm). The channels were introduced into the constructs using stainless-steel rods arranged uniformly in stainless-steel mold, a fabrication method that enables precise control over channel diameter and the distance between channels. During 2-week culture of G292 cells, the 1000 μm channeled scaffolds demonstrated higher oxygen concentration at the center compared to 500 μm channeled prototype; however, the oxygen concentration approached the same level around the last days of culture. Nevertheless, homogenous oxygen distribution throughout the 1000 μm channeled constructs and the consequence of higher cell proliferation at day 14 postseeding corroborate the efficient elimination of induced hypoxic regions; and therefore, it holds promise for clinically relevant sized scaffold especially in bone tissue engineering.
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18
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Fedi A, Vitale C, Giannoni P, Caluori G, Marrella A. Biosensors to Monitor Cell Activity in 3D Hydrogel-Based Tissue Models. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:1517. [PMID: 35214418 PMCID: PMC8879987 DOI: 10.3390/s22041517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) culture models have gained relevant interest in tissue engineering and drug discovery owing to their suitability to reproduce in vitro some key aspects of human tissues and to provide predictive information for in vivo tests. In this context, the use of hydrogels as artificial extracellular matrices is of paramount relevance, since they allow closer recapitulation of (patho)physiological features of human tissues. However, most of the analyses aimed at characterizing these models are based on time-consuming and endpoint assays, which can provide only static and limited data on cellular behavior. On the other hand, biosensing systems could be adopted to measure on-line cellular activity, as currently performed in bi-dimensional, i.e., monolayer, cell culture systems; however, their translation and integration within 3D hydrogel-based systems is not straight forward, due to the geometry and materials properties of these advanced cell culturing approaches. Therefore, researchers have adopted different strategies, through the development of biochemical, electrochemical and optical sensors, but challenges still remain in employing these devices. In this review, after examining recent advances in adapting existing biosensors from traditional cell monolayers to polymeric 3D cells cultures, we will focus on novel designs and outcomes of a range of biosensors specifically developed to provide real-time analysis of hydrogel-based cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Fedi
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy; (A.F.); (C.V.)
- Department of Computer Science, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy; (A.F.); (C.V.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Paolo Giannoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Guido Caluori
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33600 Pessac, France;
- INSERM UMR 1045, Cardiothoracic Research Center of Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Alessandra Marrella
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy; (A.F.); (C.V.)
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19
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Lipreri MV, Baldini N, Graziani G, Avnet S. Perfused Platforms to Mimic Bone Microenvironment at the Macro/Milli/Microscale: Pros and Cons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:760667. [PMID: 35047495 PMCID: PMC8762164 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.760667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As life expectancy increases, the population experiences progressive ageing. Ageing, in turn, is connected to an increase in bone-related diseases (i.e., osteoporosis and increased risk of fractures). Hence, the search for new approaches to study the occurrence of bone-related diseases and to develop new drugs for their prevention and treatment becomes more pressing. However, to date, a reliable in vitro model that can fully recapitulate the characteristics of bone tissue, either in physiological or altered conditions, is not available. Indeed, current methods for modelling normal and pathological bone are poor predictors of treatment outcomes in humans, as they fail to mimic the in vivo cellular microenvironment and tissue complexity. Bone, in fact, is a dynamic network including differently specialized cells and the extracellular matrix, constantly subjected to external and internal stimuli. To this regard, perfused vascularized models are a novel field of investigation that can offer a new technological approach to overcome the limitations of traditional cell culture methods. It allows the combination of perfusion, mechanical and biochemical stimuli, biological cues, biomaterials (mimicking the extracellular matrix of bone), and multiple cell types. This review will discuss macro, milli, and microscale perfused devices designed to model bone structure and microenvironment, focusing on the role of perfusion and encompassing different degrees of complexity. These devices are a very first, though promising, step for the development of 3D in vitro platforms for preclinical screening of novel anabolic or anti-catabolic therapeutic approaches to improve bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriela Graziani
- Laboratory for NanoBiotechnology (NaBi), IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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20
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Ohori-Morita Y, Niibe K, Limraksasin P, Nattasit P, Miao X, Yamada M, Mabuchi Y, Matsuzaki Y, Egusa H. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:434-449. [PMID: 35267026 PMCID: PMC9052431 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Ohori-Morita
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kunimichi Niibe
- Corresponding authors: Kunimichi Niibe, DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai-city, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan. Tel: +81-22-717-8363; Fax: +81-22-717-8367;
| | - Phoonsuk Limraksasin
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Praphawi Nattasit
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Xinchao Miao
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamada
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuzaki
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Hiroshi Egusa, DDS, PhD, Director, Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Professor and Chair, Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai-city 980-8575, Japan. Tel: +81-22-717-8363; Fax: +81-22-717-8367;
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21
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Dadashzadeh A, Moghassemi S, Shavandi A, Amorim CA. A review on biomaterials for ovarian tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:48-63. [PMID: 34454083 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Considerable challenges in engineering the female reproductive tissue are the follicle's unique architecture, the need to recapitulate the extracellular matrix, and tissue vascularization. Over the years, various strategies have been developed for preserving fertility in women diagnosed with cancer, such as embryo, oocyte, or ovarian tissue cryopreservation. While autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue is a viable choice to restore fertility in prepubertal girls and women who need to begin chemo- or radiotherapy soon after the cancer diagnosis, it is not suitable for all patients due to the risk of having malignant cells present in the ovarian fragments in some types of cancer. Advances in tissue engineering such as 3D printing and ovary-on-a-chip technologies have the potential to be a translational strategy for precisely recapitulating normal tissue in terms of physical structure, vascularization, and molecular and cellular spatial distribution. This review first introduces the ovarian tissue structure, describes suitable properties of biomaterials for ovarian tissue engineering, and highlights recent advances in tissue engineering for developing an artificial ovary. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The increase of survival rates in young cancer patients has been accompanied by a rise in infertility/sterility in cancer survivors caused by the gonadotoxic effect of some chemotherapy regimens or radiotherapy. Such side-effect has a negative impact on these patients' quality of life as one of their main concerns is generating biologically related children. To aid female cancer patients, several research groups have been resorting to tissue engineering strategies to develop an artificial ovary. In this review, we discuss the numerous biomaterials cited in the literature that have been tested to encapsulate and in vitro culture or transplant isolated preantral follicles from human and different animal models. We also summarize the recent advances in tissue engineering that can potentially be optimal strategies for developing an artificial ovary.
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22
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Suttabongoch W, Chanthasopeephan T. Effect of intermittent hydrostatic pressure on aging human chondrocyte cells. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:1191-1196. [PMID: 34891500 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a hydrostatic pressure chamber (HPC) is designed and developed to host chondrocyte cell culture. External stimuli such as forces, pressure, vibration etc. are found to be significant factors on upregulating the relevant proteins for constructing the extracellular matrix (ECM) during culturing. The aim of this paper is to design a system which provides external stimuli during chondrocyte cell culture as well as to discover the relevant gene which can generate the repair and regeneration of aging cells. The system consists of a controllable HPC that provides intermittent hydrostatic pressure (HP) on the cultured cells. The chamber is capable of applying intermittent HP in the range: 0 to1 MPa, at a frequency of 0.5-1Hz. An investigation was undertaken to determine the improvement of human chondrocyte cells viz. of 3 sub-jects whose ages are 60 and above. The effect of HP on the aging cells is observed through the extracted ribonucleic acid (RNA) after the cell is treated with HP for two hours, each day, over four days. The experiments were conducted to observe the effect of HP on the level of collagen type I, collagen type II, and aggrecan. Results show that HP did little to help in upregulating the aggrecan and collagen type II in aged-chondrocyte cells. Further, it was found that the application of HP depended on the number of days applied. The results presented the possibility of ap-plying HP in regeneration of damaged cartilage in elderly.
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23
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Mavris SM, Hansen LM. Optimization of Oxygen Delivery Within Hydrogels. J Biomech Eng 2021; 143:101004. [PMID: 33973004 PMCID: PMC8299803 DOI: 10.1115/1.4051119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering has been continuously evolving since its inception over three decades ago with numerous new advancements in biomaterials and cell sources and widening applications to most tissues in the body. Despite the substantial promise and great opportunities for the advancement of current medical therapies and procedures, the field has yet to capture wide clinical translation due to some remaining challenges, including oxygen availability within constructs, both in vitro and in vivo. While this insufficiency of nutrients, specifically oxygen, is a limitation within the current frameworks of this field, the literature shows promise in new technological advances to efficiently provide adequate delivery of nutrients to cells. This review attempts to capture the most recent advances in the field of oxygen transport in hydrogel-based tissue engineering, including a comparison of current research as it pertains to the modeling, sensing, and optimization of oxygen within hydrogel constructs as well as new technological innovations to overcome traditional diffusion-based limitations. The application of these findings can further the advancement and development of better hydrogel-based tissue engineered constructs for future clinical translation and adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M. Mavris
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Laura M. Hansen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322
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Paradiso F, Serpelloni S, Francis LW, Taraballi F. Mechanical Studies of the Third Dimension in Cancer: From 2D to 3D Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10098. [PMID: 34576261 PMCID: PMC8472581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
From the development of self-aggregating, scaffold-free multicellular spheroids to the inclusion of scaffold systems, 3D models have progressively increased in complexity to better mimic native tissues. The inclusion of a third dimension in cancer models allows researchers to zoom out from a significant but limited cancer cell research approach to a wider investigation of the tumor microenvironment. This model can include multiple cell types and many elements from the extracellular matrix (ECM), which provides mechanical support for the tissue, mediates cell-microenvironment interactions, and plays a key role in cancer cell invasion. Both biochemical and biophysical signals from the extracellular space strongly influence cell fate, the epigenetic landscape, and gene expression. Specifically, a detailed mechanistic understanding of tumor cell-ECM interactions, especially during cancer invasion, is lacking. In this review, we focus on the latest achievements in the study of ECM biomechanics and mechanosensing in cancer on 3D scaffold-based and scaffold-free models, focusing on each platform's level of complexity, up-to-date mechanical tests performed, limitations, and potential for further improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Paradiso
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (F.P.); (S.S.)
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecological Oncology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK;
| | - Stefano Serpelloni
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (F.P.); (S.S.)
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lewis W. Francis
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecological Oncology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, UK;
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (F.P.); (S.S.)
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6445 Main St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
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25
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Khiabani SS, Aghazadeh M, Rakhtshah J, Davaran S. A review of hydrogel systems based on poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) for use in the engineering of bone tissues. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112035. [PMID: 34455315 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone fracture is usually a medical condition where occurred by high force impact or stress. Recent advances to repair damaged or diseased bone tissues employs three-dimensional (3D) polymer matrices. This review aims to investigate the potential of injectable, dual thermally, and chemically gelable N-isopropyl acrylamide-based hydrogels to deliver scaffold, cells, and growth factors in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Oral Medicine Department of Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamshid Rakhtshah
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Health Innovation Acceleration Center of Tabriz University of Medical Science and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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26
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Karimipour-Fard P, Jeffrey MP, JonesTaggart H, Pop-Iliev R, Rizvi G. Development, processing and characterization of Polycaprolactone/Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Chitin-Nano-Whisker nanocomposite filaments for additive manufacturing of bone tissue scaffolds. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 120:104583. [PMID: 34062373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on utilizing the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) to manufacture Polycaprolactone/Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Chitin-Nano-Whisker nanocomposite scaffolds and their subsequent characterization for biomedical applications. FDM nanocomposite filaments were manufactured in multiple nanocomposite formulations of Polycaprolactone/Nano-Hydroxyapatite (nHA), Polycaprolactone/Chitin-Nano-Whisker (CNW), and Polycaprolactone/nHA/CNW using a green method. The FDM processing conditions were optimized using Taguchi orthogonal array method. The mechanical, biodegradation, and biocompatibility properties of the bone tissue scaffolds were assessed. A preosteoblast mouse bone cell line was used for cell proliferation and attachment assays. The results indicated that CNW content in the filaments slightly increases the mechanical properties of the 3D printed parts, and the nanocomposite with 3% CNW content exhibited significant improvement in the cell proliferation and attachment properties of the scaffolds. The nHA content considerably improved the mechanical properties of the scaffolds. The nHA and CNW nanofillers increased the biodegradation rate of PCL. In general, considering all types of responses, a green manufactured nanocomposite of PCL/nHA/CNW can significantly increase the biological and mechanical properties of the 3D printed products for bone tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Karimipour-Fard
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Michael P Jeffrey
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada
| | - Holly JonesTaggart
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada
| | - Remon Pop-Iliev
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ghaus Rizvi
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada
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Zhu G, Zhang T, Chen M, Yao K, Huang X, Zhang B, Li Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhao Z. Bone physiological microenvironment and healing mechanism: Basis for future bone-tissue engineering scaffolds. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4110-4140. [PMID: 33997497 PMCID: PMC8091181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-tissue defects affect millions of people worldwide. Despite being common treatment approaches, autologous and allogeneic bone grafting have not achieved the ideal therapeutic effect. This has prompted researchers to explore novel bone-regeneration methods. In recent decades, the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE) scaffolds has been leading the forefront of this field. As researchers have provided deep insights into bone physiology and the bone-healing mechanism, various biomimicking and bioinspired BTE scaffolds have been reported. Now it is necessary to review the progress of natural bone physiology and bone healing mechanism, which will provide more valuable enlightenments for researchers in this field. This work details the physiological microenvironment of the natural bone tissue, bone-healing process, and various biomolecules involved therein. Next, according to the bone physiological microenvironment and the delivery of bioactive factors based on the bone-healing mechanism, it elaborates the biomimetic design of a scaffold, highlighting the designing of BTE scaffolds according to bone biology and providing the rationale for designing next-generation BTE scaffolds that conform to natural bone healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Miao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yazhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
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28
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Pias SC. How does oxygen diffuse from capillaries to tissue mitochondria? Barriers and pathways. J Physiol 2020; 599:1769-1782. [PMID: 33215707 DOI: 10.1113/jp278815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Timely delivery of oxygen (O2 ) to tissue mitochondria is so essential that elaborate circulatory systems have evolved to minimize diffusion distances within tissue. Yet, knowledge is surprisingly limited regarding the diffusion pathway between blood capillaries and tissue mitochondria. An established and growing body of work examines the influence cellular and extracellular structures may have on subcellular oxygen availability. This brief review discusses the physiological and pathophysiological significance of oxygen availability, highlights recent computer modelling studies of transport at the cell-membrane level, and considers alternative diffusion pathways within tissue. Experimental and computer modelling studies suggest that oxygen diffusion may be accelerated by cellular lipids, relative to cytosolic and interstitial fluids. Such acceleration, or 'channelling', would occur due to greatly enhanced oxygen solubility in lipids, especially near the midplane of lipid bilayers. Rapid long-range movement would be promoted by anisotropically enhanced lateral diffusion of oxygen along the midplane and by junctions holding lipid structures in close proximity to one another throughout the tissue. Clarifying the biophysical mechanism of oxygen transport within tissue will shed light on limitations and opportunities in tumour radiotherapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally C Pias
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology (New Mexico Tech), Socorro, NM, USA
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29
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Inlet flow rate of perfusion bioreactors affects fluid flow dynamics, but not oxygen concentration in 3D-printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Computational analysis and experimental validation. Comput Biol Med 2020; 124:103826. [PMID: 32798924 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluid flow dynamics and oxygen-concentration in 3D-printed scaffolds within perfusion bioreactors are sensitive to controllable bioreactor parameters such as inlet flow rate. Here we aimed to determine fluid flow dynamics, oxygen-concentration, and cell proliferation and distribution in 3D-printed scaffolds as a result of different inlet flow rates of perfusion bioreactors using experiments and finite element modeling. Pre-osteoblasts were treated with 1 h pulsating fluid flow with low (0.8 Pa; PFFlow) or high peak shear stress (6.5 Pa; PFFhigh), and nitric oxide (NO) production was measured to validate shear stress sensitivity. Computational analysis was performed to determine fluid flow between 3D-scaffold-strands at three inlet flow rates (0.02, 0.1, 0.5 ml/min) during 5 days. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast proliferation, matrix production, and oxygen-consumption in response to fluid flow in 3D-printed scaffolds inside a perfusion bioreactor were experimentally assessed. PFFhigh more strongly stimulated NO production by pre-osteoblasts than PFFlow. 3D-simulation demonstrated that dependent on inlet flow rate, fluid velocity reached a maximum (50-1200 μm/s) between scaffold-strands, and fluid shear stress (0.5-4 mPa) and wall shear stress (0.5-20 mPa) on scaffold-strands surfaces. At all inlet flow rates, gauge fluid pressure and oxygen-concentration were similar. The simulated cell proliferation and distribution, and oxygen-concentration data were in good agreement with the experimental results. In conclusion, varying a perfusion bioreactor's inlet flow rate locally affects fluid velocity, fluid shear stress, and wall shear stress inside 3D-printed scaffolds, but not gauge fluid pressure, and oxygen-concentration, which seems crucial for optimized bone tissue engineering strategies using bioreactors, scaffolds, and cells.
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Melke J, Zhao F, Ito K, Hofmann S. Orbital seeding of mesenchymal stromal cells increases osteogenic differentiation and bone-like tissue formation. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1228-1237. [PMID: 31922286 PMCID: PMC7317919 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In bone tissue engineering (TE), an efficient seeding and homogenous distribution of cells is needed to avoid cell loss and damage as well as to facilitate tissue development. Dynamic seeding methods seem to be superior to the static ones because they tend to result in a more homogeneous cell distribution by using kinetic forces. However, most dynamic seeding techniques are elaborate or require special equipment and its influence on the final bone tissue-engineered construct is not clear. In this study, we applied a simple, dynamic seeding method using an orbital shaker to seed human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) on silk fibroin scaffolds. Significantly higher cell numbers with a more homogenous cell distribution, increased osteogenic differentiation, and mineral deposition were observed using the dynamic approach both for 4 and 6 hours as compared to the static seeding method. The positive influence of dynamic seeding could be attributed to both cell density and distribution but also nutrient supply during seeding and shear stresses (0.0-3.0 mPa) as determined by computational simulations. The influence of relevant mechanical stimuli during seeding should be investigated in the future, especially regarding the importance of mechanical cues for bone TE applications. Our results highlight the importance of adequate choice of seeding method and its impact on developing tissue-engineered constructs. The application of this simple seeding technique is not only recommended for bone TE but can also be used for seeding similar porous scaffolds with hBMSCs in other TE fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Melke
- Orthopaedic BiomechanicsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands,Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Feihu Zhao
- Orthopaedic BiomechanicsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands,Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Keita Ito
- Orthopaedic BiomechanicsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands,Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Sandra Hofmann
- Orthopaedic BiomechanicsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands,Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
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31
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3D-Printing of Hierarchically Designed and Osteoconductive Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13081836. [PMID: 32295064 PMCID: PMC7215341 DOI: 10.3390/ma13081836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE), autologous bone-regenerative cells are combined with a scaffold for large bone defect treatment (LBDT). Microporous, polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds showed good healing results in small animals. However, transfer to large animal models is not easily achieved simply by upscaling the design. Increasing diffusion distances have a negative impact on cell survival and nutrition supply, leading to cell death and ultimately implant failure. Here, a novel scaffold architecture was designed to meet all requirements for an advanced bone substitute. Biofunctional, porous subunits in a load-bearing, compression-resistant frame structure characterize this approach. An open, macro- and microporous internal architecture (100 µm-2 mm pores) optimizes conditions for oxygen and nutrient supply to the implant's inner areas by diffusion. A prototype was 3D-printed applying Fused Filament Fabrication using PLA. After incubation with Saos-2 (Sarcoma osteogenic) cells for 14 days, cell morphology, cell distribution, cell survival (fluorescence microscopy and LDH-based cytotoxicity assay), metabolic activity (MTT test), and osteogenic gene expression were determined. The adherent cells showed colonization properties, proliferation potential, and osteogenic differentiation. The innovative design, with its porous structure, is a promising matrix for cell settlement and proliferation. The modular design allows easy upscaling and offers a solution for LBDT.
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URDEITX PAU, FARZANEH SOLMAZ, MOUSAVI SJAMALEDDIN, DOWEIDAR MOHAMEDH. ROLE OF OXYGEN CONCENTRATION IN THE OSTEOBLASTS BEHAVIOR: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL. J MECH MED BIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519419500647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen concentration plays a key role in cell survival and viability. Besides, it has important effects on essential cellular biological processes such as cell migration, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, the prediction of the cellular response to the alterations of the oxygen concentration can help significantly in the advances of cell culture research. Here, we present a 3D computational mechanotactic model to simulate all the previously mentioned cell processes under different oxygen concentrations. With this model, three cases have been studied. Starting with mesenchymal stem cells within an extracellular matrix with mechanical properties suitable for its differentiation into osteoblasts, and under different oxygen conditions to evaluate their behavior under normoxia, hypoxia and anoxia. The obtained results, which are consistent with the experimental observations, indicate that cells tend to migrate toward zones with higher oxygen concentration where they accelerate their differentiation and proliferation. This technique can be employed to control cell migration toward fracture zones to accelerate the healing process. Besides, as expected, to avoid cell apoptosis under conditions of anoxia and to avoid the inhibition of the differentiation and proliferation processes under conditions of hypoxia, the state of normoxia should be maintained throughout the entire cell-culture process.
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Affiliation(s)
- PAU URDEITX
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Architecture (EINA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - SOLMAZ FARZANEH
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059, Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F - 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - S. JAMALEDDIN MOUSAVI
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059, Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F - 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - MOHAMED H. DOWEIDAR
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Architecture (EINA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
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Goranov V, Shelyakova T, De Santis R, Haranava Y, Makhaniok A, Gloria A, Tampieri A, Russo A, Kon E, Marcacci M, Ambrosio L, Dediu VA. 3D Patterning of cells in Magnetic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2289. [PMID: 32041994 PMCID: PMC7010825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A three dimensional magnetic patterning of two cell types was realised in vitro inside an additive manufactured magnetic scaffold, as a conceptual precursor for the vascularised tissue. The realisation of separate arrangements of vascular and osteoprogenitor cells, labelled with biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles, was established on the opposite sides of the scaffold fibres under the effect of non-homogeneous magnetic gradients and loading magnetic configuration. The magnetisation of the scaffold amplified the guiding effects by an additional trapping of cells due to short range magnetic forces. The mathematical modelling confirmed the strong enhancement of the magnetic gradients and their particular geometrical distribution near the fibres, defining the preferential cell positioning on the micro-scale. The manipulation of cells inside suitably designed magnetic scaffolds represents a unique solution for the assembling of cellular constructs organised in biologically adequate arrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Goranov
- Institute for Nanostructured Materials, CNR-ISMN, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy.
- BioDevice Systems, Praha 10, Vršovice, Bulharská, 996/20, Czech Republic.
| | - T Shelyakova
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - R De Santis
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, CNR-IPCB, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54 - Pad. 20 Mostra d'Oltremare, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Y Haranava
- BioDevice Systems, Praha 10, Vršovice, Bulharská, 996/20, Czech Republic
| | - A Makhaniok
- BioDevice Systems, Praha 10, Vršovice, Bulharská, 996/20, Czech Republic
| | - A Gloria
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, CNR-IPCB, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54 - Pad. 20 Mostra d'Oltremare, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - A Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, CNR-ISTEC, Via Granarolo 64, 48018, Faenza, Italy
| | - A Russo
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Kon
- Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano - Milan, Italy
- First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M Marcacci
- Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano - Milan, Italy
| | - L Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, CNR-IPCB, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54 - Pad. 20 Mostra d'Oltremare, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - V A Dediu
- Institute for Nanostructured Materials, CNR-ISMN, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy.
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Wang S, He YF, Ma J, Yu L, Wen JK, Ye XJ. Dynamic Bioreactor Culture for Infiltration of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells within Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Annulus Fibrosus Repair. Orthop Surg 2020; 12:304-311. [PMID: 31944618 PMCID: PMC7031622 DOI: 10.1111/os.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the ability of three culture strategies of static culture, intermittent centrifugal culture and dynamic bioreactor culture in promoting the infiltration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) throughout electrospun nanoporous aligned nanoyarn scaffold (AYS). Methods AYS was constructed by the method of conjugated electrospinning, using the blended solution of poly (L‐lactide‐co‐caprolactone) (P (LLA‐CL)) and gelatin. Then the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transplanted on the scaffolds. Culture the scaffold‐cells using three methods of static culture, intermittent centrifugal culture and dynamic bioreactor culture. After 7 and 14 days in culture, the infiltration depth of the cells were observed and measured by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) or 4′, 6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) staining. Result In the current study, on the 7th day, the BMSCs in the scaffolds of static culture group, intermittent centrifugal culture group, and dynamic bioreactor culture group infiltrated to an average depth of 11.88 ± 1.82 μm, 21.17 ± 13.17 μm, and 26.27 ± 7.42 μm, respectively. There were differences between the bioreactor culture group with the static culture group and the intermittent centrifugal culture group. On the time point of 14 days, the depth of infiltration of BMSCs in dynamic bioreactor culture was the most (115.13 ± 25.44 μm, P < 0.05), and the infiltration of the cells in the intermittent centrifugal culture group was 42.53 ± 13.07 μm, deeper than that of the static culture group (24.53 ± 6.06, P < 0.05). Conclusion Dynamic bioreactor culture may be a preferred method for tissue engineering approaches involving scaffolds with a low porosity, such as those needed for repair of the annulus fibrosus (AF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Fei He
- Department of Orthopedics, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Central Theater Command General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Kun Wen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Ye
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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35
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Swetha S, Lavanya K, Sruthi R, Selvamurugan N. An insight into cell-laden 3D-printed constructs for bone tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:9836-9862. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we have spotlighted various combinations of bioinks to optimize the biofabrication of 3D bone constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Swetha
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology
- Kattankulathur 603 203
- India
| | - K. Lavanya
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology
- Kattankulathur 603 203
- India
| | - R. Sruthi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology
- Kattankulathur 603 203
- India
| | - N. Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology
- Kattankulathur 603 203
- India
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36
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Pias SC. Pathways of Oxygen Diffusion in Cells and Tissues : Hydrophobic Channeling via Networked Lipids. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1232:183-190. [PMID: 31893409 PMCID: PMC7302104 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34461-0_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen delivery to tissue mitochondria relies on simple diffusion in the target cells and tissues. As such, intracellular availability of O2 in tissue depends on its solubility and diffusivity in complex and heterogeneous macromolecular environments. The path of oxygen diffusion is key to its rate of transfer, especially where pathways of differing favorability are present. Most commonly, aqueous media, such as interstitial fluid and cytoplasm, are assumed to provide the dominant diffusion path. Here, the 'hydrophobic channeling' hypothesis is revisited, and several lines of evidence pointing toward lipid-accelerated oxygen diffusion pathways are discussed. The implications of hydrophobic channeling are considered in light of extended membrane networks in cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally C Pias
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology (New Mexico Tech), Socorro, NM, USA.
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Mesenchymal stem cell-based bone tissue engineering for veterinary practice. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02808. [PMID: 31844733 PMCID: PMC6895744 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering has been widely studied and proposed as a promising platform for correcting the bone defects. The applications of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based bone tissue engineering have been investigated in various in vitro and in vivo models. In this regard, the promising animal bone defect models have been employed for illustrating the bone regenerative capacity of MSC-based bone tissue engineering. However, most studies aimed for clinical applications in human. These evidences suggest a knowledge gap to fulfill the accomplishment for veterinary implementation. In this review, the fundamental concept, knowledge, and technology of MSC-based bone tissue engineering focusing on veterinary applications are summarized. In addition, the potential canine MSCs resources for veterinary bone tissue engineering are reviewed, including canine bone marrow-derived MSCs, canine adipose-derived MSCs, and canine dental tissue-derived MSCs. This review will provide a basic and current information for studies aiming for the utilization of MSC-based bone tissue engineering in veterinary practice.
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Xu F, Ren H, Zheng M, Shao X, Dai T, Wu Y, Tian L, Liu Y, Liu B, Gunster J, Liu Y, Liu Y. Development of biodegradable bioactive glass ceramics by DLP printed containing EPCs/BMSCs for bone tissue engineering of rabbit mandible defects. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 103:103532. [PMID: 31756563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glass ceramics have excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity; and can form direct chemical bonds with human bones; thus, these ceramic are considered as "Smart" materials. In this study, we develop a new type of bioactive glass ceramic (AP40mod) as a scaffold containing Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and Mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to repair critical-sized bone defects in rabbit mandibles. For in vitro experiments: AP40mod was prepared by Dgital light processing (DLP) system and the optimal ratio of EPCs/BMSCs was screened by analyzing cell proliferation and ALP activity, as well as the influence of genes related to osteogenesis and angiogenesis by direct inoculation into scaffolds. The scaffold showed suitable mechanical properties, with a Bending strength 52.7 MPa and a good biological activity. Additionally, when EPCs/BMSCs ratio were combined at a ratio of 2:1 with AP40mod, the ALP activity, osteogenesis and angiogenesis were significantly increased. For in vivo experiments: application of AP40mod/EPCs/BMSCs (after 7 days of in vitro spin culture) to repair and reconstruct critical-sized mandible defect in rabbit showed that all scaffolds were successfully accurately implanted into the defect area. As revealed by macroscopically and CT at the end of 9 months, defects in the AP40mod/EPCs/BMSCs group were nearly completely covered by normal bone and the degradation rate was 29.9% compared to 20.1% in the AP40mod group by the 3D reconstruction. As revealed by HE and Masson staining analyses, newly formed blood vessels, bone marrow and collagen maturity were significantly increased in the AP40mod/EPCs/BMSCs group compared to those in the AP40mod group. We directly inoculated cells on the novel material to screen for the best inoculation ratio. It is concluded that the AP40mod combination of EPCs/BMSCs is a promising approach for repairing and reconstructing large load bearing bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Hui Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Mengjie Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shen'yang, 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaoxi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Taiqiang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Yanlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Laboratory Animal Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Jens Gunster
- Division of Ceramic Processing and Biomaterials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials and Research and Testing, Unter Den Eichen 44-46, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yaxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Yanpu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China.
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Patton MC, Zubair H, Khan MA, Singh S, Singh AP. Hypoxia alters the release and size distribution of extracellular vesicles in pancreatic cancer cells to support their adaptive survival. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:828-839. [PMID: 31407387 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic tumors are highly desmoplastic and poorly-vascularized, and therefore must develop adaptive mechanisms to sustain their survival under hypoxic condition. Extracellular vesicles (EV) play vital roles in pancreatic tumor pathobiology by facilitating intercellular communication. Here we studied the effect of hypoxia on the release of EVs and examined their role in adaptive survival of pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. Hypoxia promoted the release of EV in PC cell lines, MiaPaCa and AsPC1, wherein former exhibited a far greater induction. Moreover, a time-dependent, measurable and significant increase was recorded for small EV (SEV) in both the cell lines with only minimal induction observed for medium (MEV) and large EVs (LEV). Similarly, noticeable changes in size distribution of SEV were also recorded with a shift toward smaller average size under extreme hypoxia. Thrombospondin (apoptotic bodies marker) was exclusively detected on LEVs, while Arf6 (microvesicles marker) was mostly present on MEV with some expression in LEV as well. However, CD9 and CD63 (exosome markers) were expressed in both SEV and MEVs with a decreased expression recorded under hypoxia. Among all subfractions, SEV was the most bioactive in promoting the survival of hypoxic PC cells and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α stabilization was involved in heightened EV release under hypoxia and for their potency to promote hypoxic cell survival. Altogether, our findings provide a novel mechanism for the adaptive hypoxic survival of PC cells and should serve as the basis for future investigations on broader functional implications of EV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Patton
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Haseeb Zubair
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Mohammad Aslam Khan
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Seema Singh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Ajay P Singh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
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Schmid J, Schwarz S, Meier-Staude R, Sudhop S, Clausen-Schaumann H, Schieker M, Huber R. A Perfusion Bioreactor System for Cell Seeding and Oxygen-Controlled Cultivation of Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 24:585-595. [PMID: 30234443 PMCID: PMC6208160 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioreactor systems facilitate three-dimensional (3D) cell culture by coping with limitations of static cultivation techniques. To allow for the investigation of proper cultivation conditions and the reproducible generation of tissue-engineered grafts, a bioreactor system, which comprises the control of crucial cultivation parameters in independent-operating parallel bioreactors, is beneficial. Furthermore, the use of a bioreactor as an automated cell seeding tool enables even cell distributions on stable scaffolds. In this study, we developed a perfusion microbioreactor system, which enables the cultivation of 3D cell cultures in an oxygen-controlled environment in up to four independent-operating bioreactors. Therefore, perfusion microbioreactors were designed with the help of computer-aided design, and manufactured using the 3D printing technologies stereolithography and fused deposition modeling. A uniform flow distribution in the microbioreactor was shown using a computational fluid dynamics model. For oxygen measurements, microsensors were integrated in the bioreactors to measure the oxygen concentration (OC) in the geometric center of the 3D cell cultures. To control the OC in each bioreactor independently, an automated feedback loop was developed, which adjusts the perfusion velocity according to the oxygen sensor signal. Furthermore, an automated cell seeding protocol was implemented to facilitate the even distribution of cells within a stable scaffold in a reproducible way. As proof of concept, the human mesenchymal stem cell line SCP-1 was seeded on bovine cancellous bone matrix of 1 cm3 and cultivated in the developed microbioreactor system at different oxygen levels. The oxygen control was capable to maintain preset oxygen levels ±0.5% over a cultivation period of several days. Using the automated cell seeding procedure resulted in evenly distributed cells within a stable scaffold. In summary, the developed microbioreactor system enables the cultivation of 3D cell cultures in an automated and thus reproducible way by providing up to four independently operating, oxygen-controlled bioreactors. In combination with the automated cell seeding procedure, the bioreactor system opens up new possibilities to conduct more reproducible experiments to investigate optimal cultivation parameters and to generate tissue-engineering grafts in an oxygen-controlled environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Schmid
- 1 Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CANTER), University of Applied Sciences Munich , Munich, Germany .,2 Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich , Munich, Germany .,3 Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Applied Sciences Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Sascha Schwarz
- 1 Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CANTER), University of Applied Sciences Munich , Munich, Germany .,4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University Munich , Garching, Germany
| | - Robert Meier-Staude
- 3 Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Applied Sciences Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sudhop
- 1 Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CANTER), University of Applied Sciences Munich , Munich, Germany .,5 Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- 1 Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CANTER), University of Applied Sciences Munich , Munich, Germany .,5 Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Schieker
- 2 Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Huber
- 1 Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CANTER), University of Applied Sciences Munich , Munich, Germany .,3 Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Applied Sciences Munich , Munich, Germany
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Deegan AJ, Hendrikson WJ, El Haj AJ, Rouwkema J, Yang Y. Regulation of endothelial cell arrangements within hMSC - HUVEC co-cultured aggregates. Biomed J 2019; 42:166-177. [PMID: 31466710 PMCID: PMC6717755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Micro-mass culturing or cellular aggregation is an effective method used to form mineralised bone tissue. Poor core cell viability, however, is often an impeding characteristic of large micro-mass cultures, and equally for large tissue-engineered bone grafts. Because of this, efforts are being made to enhance large graft perfusion, often through pre-vascularisation, which involves the co-culture of endothelial cells and bone cells or stem cells. Methods This study investigated the effects of different aggregation techniques and culture conditions on endothelial cell arrangements in mesenchymal stem cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell co-cultured aggregates when endothelial cells constituted just 5%. Two different cellular aggregation techniques, i.e. suspension culture aggregation and pellet culture aggregation, were applied alongside two subsequent culturing techniques, i.e. hydrostatic loading and static culturing. Endothelial cell arrangements were assessed under such conditions to indicate potential pre-vascularisation. Results Our study found that the suspension culture aggregates cultured under hydrostatic loading offered the best environment for enhanced endothelial cell regional arrangements, closely followed by the pellet culture aggregates cultured under hydrostatic loading, the suspension culture aggregates cultured under static conditions, and the pellet culture aggregates cultured under static conditions. Conclusions The combination of particular aggregation techniques with dynamic culturing conditions appeared to have a synergistic effect on the cellular arrangements within the co-cultured aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Deegan
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Wim J Hendrikson
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, AE, the Netherlands
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Jeroen Rouwkema
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Ying Yang
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom.
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42
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Sauerova P, Suchy T, Supova M, Bartos M, Klima J, Juhasova J, Juhas S, Kubikova T, Tonar Z, Sedlacek R, Piola M, Fiore GB, Soncini M, Hubalek Kalbacova M. Positive impact of dynamic seeding of mesenchymal stem cells on bone-like biodegradable scaffolds with increased content of calcium phosphate nanoparticles. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:4483-4500. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Validation of a novel 3D flow model for the optimization of construct perfusion in radial-flow packed-bed bioreactors (rPBBs) for long-bone tissue engineering. N Biotechnol 2019; 52:110-120. [PMID: 31173925 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenic cell culture in three-dimensional (3D) hollow cylindrical porous scaffolds in radial-flow packed-bed bioreactors (rPBBs) may overcome the transport limitations of static and axial perfusion bioreactors in the engineering of long-bone substitutes. Flow models of rPBBs help optimize radial flux distribution of medium and tissue maturation in vitro. Only a 2D model is available for steady flow transport in rPBBs with axisymmetric inlet and outlet accounting for the fluid dynamics of void spaces, assessed against literature information. Here, a novel 3D model is proposed for steady flow transport in the three compartments of rPBBs with a more practical lateral outlet. A 3D model of transient tracer transport was developed based on the flow model to predict bioreactor residence time distribution (RTD). Model-predicted flow patterns were validated in terms of RTD against tracer experiments performed with bioreactor prototypes equipped with commercial scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Bioreactors were challenged with a step change in entering tracer concentration in an optimized set-up under conditions promoting uniform radial flux distribution and typical shunt flows. Model-predicted RTDs agreed well with those experimentally determined. In conclusion, tracer experiments validate the use of the 3D flow model for optimizing construct perfusion in rPBBs to engineer long-bone substitutes.
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44
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Dual functional approaches for osteogenesis coupled angiogenesis in bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109761. [PMID: 31349418 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone fracture healing is a multistep and overlapping process of inflammation, angiogenesis and osteogenesis. It is initiated by inflammation, causing the release of various cytokines and growth factors. It leads to the recruitment of stem cells and formation of vasculature resulting in the functional bone formation. This combined phenomenon is used by bone tissue engineers from past few years to address the problem of vasculature and osteogenic differentiation during bone regeneration. In this review, we have discussed all major studies reporting the dual functioning approach to promote osteogenesis coupled angiogenesis using various scaffolds. These scaffolds are broadly classified into four types based on the nature of their structural and functional components. The functionality of the scaffold is either due to the structural components or the loaded cargo which conducts or induces the coupled functionality. Dual delivery system for osteoinductive and angioinductive factors ensures the co-delivery of two different types of molecules to induce osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Single delivery scaffold for angioinductive and osteoinductive molecule releases single type of molecules which could induce both angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Osteoconductive scaffold consisted of bone constituents releases angioinductive factors. Osteoconductive and angioconductive scaffold composed of components which provide the native substrate features for osteogenesis and angiogenesis. This review article also discusses the studies highlighting the synergism of physico-chemical stimuli as dual functioning feature to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis simultaneously. In addition, this article covers one of the least discussed area of the bone regeneration i.e. 'cartilage formation as a median between angiogenesis and osteogenesis'.
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de Bournonville S, Lambrechts T, Vanhulst J, Luyten FP, Papantoniou I, Geris L. Towards Self-Regulated Bioprocessing: A Compact Benchtop Bioreactor System for Monitored and Controlled 3D Cell and Tissue Culture. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800545. [PMID: 30964231 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bioreactors are crucial tools for the manufacturing of living cell-based tissue engineered products. However, to reach the market successfully, higher degrees of automation, as well as a decreased footprint still need to be reached. In this study, the use of a benchtop bioreactor for in vitro perfusion culture of scaffold-based tissue engineering constructs is assessed. A low-footprint benchtop bioreactor system is designed, comprising a single-use fluidic components and a bioreactor housing. The bioreactor is operated using an in-house developed program and the culture environment is monitored by specifically designed sensor ports. A gas-exchange module is incorporated allowing for heat and mass transfers. Titanium-based scaffolds are seeded with human periosteum-derived cells and cultured up to 3 weeks. The benchtop bioreactor constructs are compared to benchmark perfusion systems. Live/Dead stainings, DNA quantifications, glucose consumption, and lactate production assays confirm that the constructs cultured in the benchtop bioreactor grew similarly to the benchmark systems. Manual regulation of the system set points enabled efficient alteration of the culture environment in terms of temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. This study provides the necessary basis for the development of low-footprint, automated, benchtop perfusion bioreactors and enables the implementation of active environment control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien de Bournonville
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Onderwijs & Navorsing 1, Herestraat 49, Box 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Biomechanics Research Unit, GIGA-In Sillico Medicine, University of Liège, B34 Quartier Hôpital, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, 4000, Liège, Belgium.,Biomechanics Section, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300C, B-3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Toon Lambrechts
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Onderwijs & Navorsing 1, Herestraat 49, Box 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Vanhulst
- Department of Materials Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Box 2450, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank P Luyten
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Onderwijs & Navorsing 1, Herestraat 49, Box 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Onderwijs & Navorsing 1, Herestraat 49, Box 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ioannis Papantoniou
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Onderwijs & Navorsing 1, Herestraat 49, Box 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Onderwijs & Navorsing 1, Herestraat 49, Box 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Geris
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Onderwijs & Navorsing 1, Herestraat 49, Box 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Biomechanics Research Unit, GIGA-In Sillico Medicine, University of Liège, B34 Quartier Hôpital, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, 4000, Liège, Belgium.,Biomechanics Section, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300C, B-3001, Heverlee, Belgium
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Jafari J, Han XL, Palmer J, Tran PA, O'Connor AJ. Remote Control in Formation of 3D Multicellular Assemblies Using Magnetic Forces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2532-2542. [PMID: 33405759 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell constructs have been utilized as building blocks in tissue engineering to closely mimic the natural tissue and also overcome some of the limitations caused by two-dimensional cultures or using scaffolds. External forces can be used to enhance the cells' adhesion and interaction and thus provide better control over production of these structures compared to methods like cell seeding and migration. In this paper, we demonstrate an efficient method to generate uniform, three-dimensional cell constructs using magnetic forces. This method produced spheroids with higher densities and more symmetrical structures than the commonly used centrifugation method for production of cell spheroids. It was also shown that shape of the cell constructs could be changed readily by using different patterns of magnetic field. The application of magnetic fields to impart forces on the cells enhanced the fusion of these spheroids, which could be used to produce larger and more complicated structures for future tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Jafari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St., Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Xiao-Lian Han
- O'Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent's Institute, 42 Fitzroy Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Jason Palmer
- O'Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent's Institute, 42 Fitzroy Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Phong A Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St., Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Interface Science and Materials Engineering Group, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Andrea J O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St., Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Perfusion Bioreactor Culture of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Enhances Cranial Defect Regeneration. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 143:993e-1002e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Culture in 10% O 2 enhances the production of active hormones in neuro-endocrine cells by up-regulating the expression of processing enzymes. Biochem J 2019; 476:827-842. [PMID: 30787050 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To closely mimic physiological conditions, low oxygen cultures have been employed in stem cell and cancer research. Although in vivo oxygen concentrations in tissues are often much lower than ambient 21% O2 (ranging from 3.6 to 12.8% O2), most cell cultures are maintained at 21% O2 To clarify the effects of the O2 culture concentration on the regulated secretion of peptide hormones in neuro-endocrine cells, we examined the changes in the storage and release of peptide hormones in neuro-endocrine cell lines and endocrine tissues cultured in a relatively lower O2 concentration. In both AtT-20 cells derived from the mouse anterior pituitary and freshly prepared mouse pituitaries cultured in 10% O2 for 24 h, the storage and regulated secretion of the mature peptide hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone were significantly increased compared with those in cells and pituitaries cultured in ambient 21% O2, whereas its precursor proopiomelanocortin was not increased in the cells and tissues after being cultured in 10% O2 Simultaneously, the prohormone-processing enzymes PC1/3 and carboxypeptidase E were up-regulated in cells cultured in 10% O2, thus facilitating the conversion of prohormones to their active form. Similarly, culturing the mouse β-cell line MIN6 and islet tissue in 10% O2 also significantly increased the conversion of proinsulin into mature insulin, which was secreted in a regulated manner. These results suggest that culture under 10% O2 is more optimal for endocrine tissues/cells to efficiently generate and secrete active peptide hormones than ambient 21% O2.
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Omidi M, Hashemi M, Tayebi L. Microfluidic synthesis of PLGA/carbon quantum dot microspheres for vascular endothelial growth factor delivery. RSC Adv 2019; 9:33246-33256. [PMID: 35529135 PMCID: PMC9073357 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06279c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) loaded poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) – carbon quantum dot microspheres were produced using microfluidic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Omidi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | - Mohadeseh Hashemi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry
- Milwaukee
- USA
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Jover E, Fagnano M, Angelini G, Madeddu P. Cell Sources for Tissue Engineering Strategies to Treat Calcific Valve Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:155. [PMID: 30460245 PMCID: PMC6232262 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular calcification is an independent risk factor and an established predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. Despite concomitant factors leading to atherosclerosis and heart valve disease (VHD), the latter has been identified as an independent pathological entity. Calcific aortic valve stenosis is the most common form of VDH resulting of either congenital malformations or senile “degeneration.” About 2% of the population over 65 years is affected by aortic valve stenosis which represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. A multifactorial, complex and active heterotopic bone-like formation process, including extracellular matrix remodeling, osteogenesis and angiogenesis, drives heart valve “degeneration” and calcification, finally causing left ventricle outflow obstruction. Surgical heart valve replacement is the current therapeutic option for those patients diagnosed with severe VHD representing more than 20% of all cardiac surgeries nowadays. Tissue Engineering of Heart Valves (TEHV) is emerging as a valuable alternative for definitive treatment of VHD and promises to overcome either the chronic oral anticoagulation or the time-dependent deterioration and reintervention of current mechanical or biological prosthesis, respectively. Among the plethora of approaches and stablished techniques for TEHV, utilization of different cell sources may confer of additional properties, desirable and not, which need to be considered before moving from the bench to the bedside. This review aims to provide a critical appraisal of current knowledge about calcific VHD and to discuss the pros and cons of the main cell sources tested in studies addressing in vitro TEHV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jover
- Bristol Medical School (Translational Health Sciences), Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Fagnano
- Bristol Medical School (Translational Health Sciences), Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Gianni Angelini
- Bristol Medical School (Translational Health Sciences), Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Medical School (Translational Health Sciences), Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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