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Egorikhina MN, Rubtsova YP, Linkova DD, Charykova IN, Farafontova EA, Aleinik DY. Specifics of Cryopreservation of Hydrogel Biopolymer Scaffolds with Encapsulated Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:247. [PMID: 38257046 PMCID: PMC10820988 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The demand for regenerative medicine products is growing rapidly in clinical practice. Unfortunately, their use has certain limitations. One of these, which significantly constrains the widespread distribution and commercialization of such materials, is their short life span. For products containing suspensions of cells, this issue can be solved by using cryopreservation. However, this approach is rarely used for multicomponent tissue-engineered products due to the complexity of selecting appropriate cryopreservation protocols and the lack of established criteria for assessing the quality of such products once defrosted. Our research is aimed at developing a cryopreservation protocol for an original hydrogel scaffold with encapsulated MSCs and developing a set of criteria for assessing the quality of their functional activity in vitro. The scaffolds were frozen using two alternative types of cryocontainers and stored at either -40 °C or -80 °C. After cryopreservation, the external state of the scaffolds was evaluated in addition to recording the cell viability, visible changes during subsequent cultivation, and any alterations in proliferative and secretory activity. These observations were compared to those of scaffolds cultivated without cryopreservation. It was shown that cryopreservation at -80 °C in an appropriate type of cryocontainer was optimal for the hydrogels/adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) tested if it provided a smooth temperature decrease during freezing over a period of at least three hours until the target values of the cryopreservation temperature regimen were reached. It was shown that evaluating a set of indicators, including the viability, the morphology, and the proliferative and secretory activity of the cells, enables the characterization of the quality of a tissue-engineered construct after its withdrawal from cryopreservation, as well as indicating the effectiveness of the cryopreservation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daria D. Linkova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE PRMU MOH), 603600 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.N.E.); (Y.P.R.); (I.N.C.); (D.Y.A.)
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Applications of Human Amniotic Membrane for Tissue Engineering. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11060387. [PMID: 34070582 PMCID: PMC8227127 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11060387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An important component of tissue engineering (TE) is the supporting matrix upon which cells and tissues grow, also known as the scaffold. Scaffolds must easily integrate with host tissue and provide an excellent environment for cell growth and differentiation. Human amniotic membrane (hAM) is considered as a surgical waste without ethical issue, so it is a highly abundant, cost-effective, and readily available biomaterial. It has biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, adequate mechanical properties (permeability, stability, elasticity, flexibility, resorbability), and good cell adhesion. It exerts anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antimutagenic properties and pain-relieving effects. It is also a source of growth factors, cytokines, and hAM cells with stem cell properties. This important source for scaffolding material has been widely studied and used in various areas of tissue repair: corneal repair, chronic wound treatment, genital reconstruction, tendon repair, microvascular reconstruction, nerve repair, and intraoral reconstruction. Depending on the targeted application, hAM has been used as a simple scaffold or seeded with various types of cells that are able to grow and differentiate. Thus, this natural biomaterial offers a wide range of applications in TE applications. Here, we review hAM properties as a biocompatible and degradable scaffold. Its use strategies (i.e., alone or combined with cells, cell seeding) and its degradation rate are also presented.
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Arrizabalaga JH, Nollert MU. Riboflavin-UVA crosslinking of amniotic membranes and its influence on the culture of adipose-derived stem cells. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 106:103729. [PMID: 32250944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The human amniotic membrane (hAM) is a collagen-based extracellular matrix whose applications are restricted by its moderate mechanical properties and rapid biodegradation. In this work, we investigate the use of riboflavin, a water-soluble vitamin, to crosslink and strengthen the human amniotic membrane under UVA light. The effect of riboflavin-UVA crosslinking on hAM properties were determined via infrared spectroscopy, uniaxial tensile testing, proteolytic degradation, permeability testing, SEM, and quantification of free (un-crosslinked) amine groups. Samples crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, a common and effective yet cytotoxic crosslinking agent, were used as controls. Improved hAM mechanical properties must not come at the expense of reduced cellular proliferation and induction capabilities. In this study, we assessed the viability, proliferation, immunophenotype, and multilineage differentiation ability of human adipose-derived stem cells seeded on riboflavin-UVA crosslinked membranes. Overall, hAM crosslinked with riboflavin-UVA benefited from a stable three-fold increase in mechanical properties (comparable to the increase seen with glutaraldehyde crosslinked membranes) and improved biodegradation, all while retaining their biocompatibility and abilities to support the cultivation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. Together, these results suggest that riboflavin-UVA crosslinking is an effective strategy to enhance the hAM for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications establishing it as an attractive and tuneable biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien H Arrizabalaga
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Matthias U Nollert
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States; School of Chemical, Biological & Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States.
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Can supernatant from immortalized adipose tissue MSC replace cell therapy? An in vitro study in chronic wounds model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:29. [PMID: 31964417 PMCID: PMC6975034 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete a cocktail of growth factors and cytokines, which could promote tissue regeneration and wound healing. Therefore, in clinical practice, post-culture MSC supernatant treatment could be a more attractive alternative to autologous stem cell transplantation. In this study, we compared the regenerative properties of supernatants harvested from four newly established human adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cell lines (HATMSCs) derived from chronic wound patients or healthy donors. Methods HATMSC supernatants were produced in a serum-free medium under hypoxia and their content was analyzed by a human angiogenesis antibody array. The regenerative effect of HATMSCs supernatants was investigated in an in vitro model of chronic wound, where cells originating from human skin, such as microvascular endothelial cells (HSkMEC.2), keratinocytes (HaCaT), and fibroblasts (MSU-1.1), were cultured in serum-free and oxygen-reduced conditions. The effect of supernatant treatment was evaluated using an MTT assay and light microscopy. In addition, fibroblasts and HATMSCs were labeled with PKH67 and PKH26 dye, respectively, and the effect of supernatant treatment was compared to that obtained when fibroblasts and HATMSCs were co-cultured, using flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. Results A wide panel of angiogenesis-associated cytokines such as angiogenin, growth-regulated oncogene (GRO), interleukin-6 and 8 (IL-6, IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) were found in all tested HATMSCs supernatants. Moreover, supernatant treatment significantly enhanced the survival of fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes in our chronic wound model in vitro. Importantly, we have shown that in in vitro settings, HATMSC supernatant treatment results in superior fibroblast proliferation than in the case of co-culture with HATMSCs. Conclusions Our results suggest that therapy based on bioactive factors released by the immortalized atMSC into supernatant has important effect on skin-derived cell proliferation and might preclude the need for a more expensive and difficult cell therapy approach to improve chronic wound healing.
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van Dongen JA, Harmsen MC, Stevens HP. Isolation of Stromal Vascular Fraction by Fractionation of Adipose Tissue. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1993:91-103. [PMID: 31148081 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9473-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are a promising candidates for cellular therapy in the field of regenerative medicine. ASCs are multipotent mesenchymal stem cell-like and reside in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue with the capacity to secrete a plethora of pro-regenerative growth factors. Future applications of ASCs may be restricted through (trans)national governmental policies that do not allow for use of nonhuman-derived (non-autologous) enzymes to isolate ASC. Besides, enzymatic isolation procedures are also time consuming. To overcome this issue, nonenzymatic isolation procedures to isolate ASCs or the SVF are being developed, such as the fractionation of adipose tissue procedure (FAT). This standardized procedure to isolate the stromal vascular fraction can be performed within 10-12 min. The short procedure time allows for intraoperative isolation of 1 mL of stromal vascular fraction derived from 10 mL of centrifuged adipose tissue. The stromal vascular fraction mostly contains blood vessels, extracellular matrix, and ASCs. However, based on the histological stainings an interdonor variation exists which might result in different therapeutic effects. The existing interdonor variations can be addressed by histological stainings and flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris A van Dongen
- Plastic Surgery Department, Velthuis Kliniek, 3062 MB,, K.P. van der Mandelelaan 10, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hieronymus P Stevens
- Plastic Surgery Department, Velthuis Kliniek, 3062 MB,, K.P. van der Mandelelaan 10, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Arrizabalaga JH, Nollert MU. Human Amniotic Membrane: A Versatile Scaffold for Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2226-2236. [PMID: 33435098 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The human amniotic membrane (hAM) is a collagen-based extracellular matrix derived from the human placenta. It is a readily available, inexpensive, and naturally biocompatible material. Over the past decade, the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, along with new decellularization protocols, has recast this simple biomaterial as a tunable matrix for cellularized tissue engineered constructs. Thanks to its biocompatibility, decellularized hAM is now commonly used in a broad range of medical fields. New preparation techniques and composite scaffold strategies have also emerged as ways to tune the properties of this scaffold. The current state of understanding about the hAM as a biomaterial is summarized in this review. We examine the processing techniques available for the hAM, addressing their effect on the mechanical properties, biodegradation, and cellular response of processed scaffolds. The latest in vitro applications, in vivo studies, clinical trials, and commercially available products based on the hAM are reported, organized by medical field. We also look at the possible alterations to the hAM to tune its properties, either through composite materials incorporating decellularized hAM, chemical cross-linking, or innovative layering and tissue preparation strategies. Overall, this review compiles the current literature about the myriad capabilities of the human amniotic membrane, providing a much-needed update on this biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien H Arrizabalaga
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Matthias U Nollert
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States.,School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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Despeyroux A, Duret C, Gondeau C, Perez-Gracia E, Chuttoo L, de Boussac H, Briolotti P, Bony C, Noël D, Jorgensen C, Larrey D, Daujat-Chavanieu M, Herrero A. Mesenchymal stem cells seeded on a human amniotic membrane improve liver regeneration and mouse survival after extended hepatectomy. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:1062-1073. [PMID: 29106037 DOI: 10.1002/term.2607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liver failure remains the leading cause of post-operative mortality after hepatectomy. This study investigated the effect of treatment with allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on survival and liver regeneration 48 hr and 7 days after 80% hepatectomy in C57Bl/6 mice. To optimize their biodistribution, MSCs were grown on acellular human amniotic membranes (HAM) and applied as a patch on the remnant liver. This approach was compared with MSC infusion and HAM patch alone. Hepatectomized mice without any treatment were used as control group. Survival rate was calculated and biological and histopathological parameters were analysed to monitor liver function and regeneration. MSCs grown on HAM retained their ability to proliferate, to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes and to respond to pro-inflammatory stimuli. Extended hepatectomy (80%) led to liver failure that resulted in death within 72 hr in 76% of mice. MSC infusion showed an early but transitory positive effect on survival. MSC/HAM patches stimulated regeneration and significantly improved survival rate (54% vs. 24% in the control group at 7 days). They also decreased the severity of hepatectomy-induced steatosis, suggesting a modulation of lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. MSCs were still present on HAM at Days 2 and 7 posthepatectomy. In conclusion, engineered tissue constructs that combine MSCs and HAM improve survival and liver regeneration after 80% hepatectomy in mice. These encouraging results pave the way to potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aure Despeyroux
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Departments of General Surgery, Division of Transplantation, College of Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cédric Duret
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Gondeau
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Department of Hepato-gastroenterology A, Saint Eloi Hospital, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Esther Perez-Gracia
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Lisa Chuttoo
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues de Boussac
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Briolotti
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Bony
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Danièle Noël
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Clinical Unit for Osteoarticular Diseases and Department for Biotherapy, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Clinical Unit for Osteoarticular Diseases and Department for Biotherapy, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Dominique Larrey
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Department of Hepato-gastroenterology A, Saint Eloi Hospital, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Daujat-Chavanieu
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
| | - Astrid Herrero
- INSERM U1183, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France.,UMR1183, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Departments of General Surgery, Division of Transplantation, College of Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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