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van der Kraan PM, van Caam AP, Blaney Davidson EN, van den Bosch MH, van de Loo FA. Growth factors that drive aggrecan synthesis in healthy articular cartilage. Role for transforming growth factor-β? OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2024; 6:100459. [PMID: 38486843 PMCID: PMC10938168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Articular cartilage makes smooth movement possible and destruction of this tissue leads to loss of joint function. An important biomolecule that determines this function is the large aggregating proteoglycan of cartilage, aggrecan. Aggrecan has a relatively short half-life in cartilage and therefore continuous production of this molecule is essential. Methods In this narrative review we discuss what is the role of growth factors in driving the synthesis of aggrecan in articular cartilage. A literature search has been done using the search items; cartilage, aggrecan, explant, Transforming Growth factor-β (TGF-β), Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF), Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) and the generic term "growth factors". Focus has been on studies using healthy cartilage and models of cartilage regeneration have been excluded. Results In healthy adult articular cartilage IGF is the main factor that drives aggrecan synthesis and maintains adequate levels of production. BMP's and TGF-β have a very limited role but appear to be more important during chondrogenesis and cartilage development. The major role of TGF-β is not stimulation of aggrecan synthesis but maintenance of the differentiated articular cartilage chondrocyte phenotype. Conclusion TGF-β is a factor that is generally considered as an important factor in stimulating aggrecan synthesis in cartilage but its role in this might be very restrained in healthy, adult articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arjan P.M. van Caam
- Radboudumc, Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Esmeralda N. Blaney Davidson
- Radboudumc, Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn H.J. van den Bosch
- Radboudumc, Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Fons A.J. van de Loo
- Radboudumc, Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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2
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Tian R, Su S, Yu Y, Liang S, Ma C, Jiao Y, Xing W, Tian Z, Jiang T, Wang J. Revolutionizing osteoarthritis treatment: How mesenchymal stem cells hold the key. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116458. [PMID: 38503241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifaceted disease characterized by imbalances in extracellular matrix metabolism, chondrocyte and synoviocyte senescence, as well as inflammatory responses mediated by macrophages. Although there have been notable advancements in pharmacological and surgical interventions, achieving complete remission of OA remains a formidable challenge, oftentimes accompanied by significant side effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising avenue for OA treatment, given their ability to differentiate into chondrocytes and facilitate cartilage repair, thereby mitigating the impact of an inflammatory microenvironment induced by macrophages. This comprehensive review aims to provide a concise overview of the diverse roles played by MSCs in the treatment of OA, while elucidating the underlying mechanisms behind these contributions. Specifically, the roles include: (a) Promotion of chondrocyte and synoviocyte regeneration; (b) Inhibition of extracellular matrix degradation; (c) Attenuating the macrophage-induced inflammatory microenvironment; (d) Alleviation of pain. Understanding the multifaceted roles played by MSCs in OA treatment is paramount for developing novel therapeutic strategies. By harnessing the regenerative potential and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, it may be possible to devise more effective and safer approaches for managing OA. Further research and clinical studies are warranted to optimize the utilization of MSCs and realize their full potential in the field of OA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Shibo Su
- Engineering Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, China
| | - Siqiang Liang
- Zhongke Comprehensive Medical Transformation Center Research Institute (Hainan) Co., Ltd, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Chuqing Ma
- The Second Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weihong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ziheng Tian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272002, China
| | - Tongmeng Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; Engineering Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
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Cruz MA, Gonzalez Y, Vélez Toro JA, Karimzadeh M, Rubbo A, Morris L, Medam R, Splawn T, Archer M, Fernandes RJ, Dennis JE, Kean TJ. Micronutrient optimization for tissue engineered articular cartilage production of type II collagen. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1179332. [PMID: 37346792 PMCID: PMC10280293 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1179332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue Engineering of cartilage has been hampered by the inability of engineered tissue to express native levels of type II collagen in vitro. Inadequate levels of type II collagen are, in part, due to a failure to recapitulate the physiological environment in culture. In this study, we engineered primary rabbit chondrocytes to express a secreted reporter, Gaussia Luciferase, driven by the type II collagen promoter, and applied a Design of Experiments approach to assess chondrogenic differentiation in micronutrient-supplemented medium. Using a Response Surface Model, 240 combinations of micronutrients absent in standard chondrogenic differentiation medium, were screened and assessed for type II collagen promoter-driven Gaussia luciferase expression. While the target of this study was to establish a combination of all micronutrients, alpha-linolenic acid, copper, cobalt, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, vitamins A, E, D and B7 were all found to have a significant effect on type II collagen promoter activity. Five conditions containing all micronutrients predicted to produce the greatest luciferase expression were selected for further study. Validation of these conditions in 3D aggregates identified an optimal condition for type II collagen promoter activity. Engineered cartilage grown in this condition, showed a 170% increase in type II collagen expression (Day 22 Luminescence) and in Young's tensile modulus compared to engineered cartilage in basal media alone.Collagen cross-linking analysis confirmed formation of type II-type II collagen and type II-type IX collagen cross-linked heteropolymeric fibrils, characteristic of mature native cartilage. Combining a Design of Experiments approach and secreted reporter cells in 3D aggregate culture enabled a high-throughput platform that can be used to identify more optimal physiological culture parameters for chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Cruz
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Yamilet Gonzalez
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Javier A. Vélez Toro
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Makan Karimzadeh
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Anthony Rubbo
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Lauren Morris
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Ramapaada Medam
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Taylor Splawn
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Marilyn Archer
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Russell J. Fernandes
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Thomas J. Kean
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Vaca-González JJ, Culma JJS, Nova LMH, Garzón-Alvarado DA. Anatomy, molecular structures, and hyaluronic acid - Gelatin injectable hydrogels as a therapeutic alternative for hyaline cartilage recovery: A review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023. [PMID: 37178328 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage damage caused by trauma or osteoarthritis is a common joint disease that can increase the social and economic burden in society. Due to its avascular characteristics, the poor migration ability of chondrocytes, and a low number of progenitor cells, the self-healing ability of cartilage defects has been significantly limited. Hydrogels have been developed into one of the most suitable biomaterials for the regeneration of cartilage because of its characteristics such as high-water absorption, biodegradation, porosity, and biocompatibility similar to natural extracellular matrix. Therefore, the present review article presents a conceptual framework that summarizes the anatomical, molecular structure and biochemical properties of hyaline cartilage located in long bones: articular cartilage and growth plate. Moreover, the importance of preparation and application of hyaluronic acid - gelatin hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering are included. Hydrogels possess benefits of stimulating the production of Agc1, Col2α1-IIa, and SOX9, molecules important for the synthesis and composition of the extracellular matrix of cartilage. Accordingly, they are believed to be promising biomaterials of therapeutic alternatives to treat cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jairo Vaca-González
- Escuela de Pregrado, Dirección Académica, Vicerrectoría de Sede, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede de La Paz, Cesar, Colombia
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan José Saiz Culma
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Diego Alexander Garzón-Alvarado
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Numerical Methods and Modeling Research Group (GNUM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Robledo F, González-Hodar L, Tapia P, Figueroa AM, Ezquer F, Cortés V. Spheroids derived from the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue self-organize in complex adipose organoids and secrete leptin. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:70. [PMID: 37024989 PMCID: PMC10080976 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03262-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) harbors multipotent cells with potential therapeutic relevance. We developed a method to form adipose spheroids (AS) from the SVF with complex organoid structure and enhanced leptin secretion upon insulin stimulation. METHODS SVF was generated from the interscapular brown adipose tissue of newborn mice. Immunophenotype and stemness of cultured SVF were determined by flow cytometry and in vitro differentiation, respectively. Spheroids were generated in hanging drops and non-adherent plates and compared by morphometric methods. The adipogenic potential was compared between preadipocyte monolayers and spheroids. Extracellular leptin was quantified by immunoassay. Lipolysis was stimulated with isoprenaline and quantified by colorimetric methods. AS viability and ultrastructure were determined by confocal and transmission electron microscopy analyses. RESULTS Cultured SVF contained Sca1 + CD29 + CD44 + CD11b- CD45- CD90- cells with adipogenic and chondrogenic but no osteogenic potential. Culture on non-adherent plates yielded the highest quantity and biggest size of spheroids. Differentiation of AS for 15 days in a culture medium supplemented with insulin and rosiglitazone resulted in greater Pparg, Plin1, and Lep expression compared to differentiated adipocytes monolayers. AS were viable and maintained leptin secretion even in the absence of adipogenic stimulation. Glycerol release after isoprenaline stimulation was higher in AS compared to adipocytes in monolayers. AS were composed of outer layers of unilocular mature adipocytes and an inner structure composed of preadipocytes, immature adipocytes and an abundant loose extracellular matrix. CONCLUSION Newborn mice adipose SVF can be efficiently differentiated into leptin-secreting AS. Prolonged stimulation with insulin and rosiglitazone allows the formation of structurally complex adipose organoids able to respond to adrenergic lipolytic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fermín Robledo
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lila González-Hodar
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Tapia
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana-María Figueroa
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Ezquer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Cortés
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Qin S, Zhu J, Zhang G, Sui Q, Niu Y, Ye W, Ma G, Liu H. Research progress of functional motifs based on growth factors in cartilage tissue engineering: A review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1127949. [PMID: 36824354 PMCID: PMC9941568 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1127949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative joint disease that exerts significant impacts on personal life quality, and cartilage tissue engineering is a practical treatment in clinical. Various growth factors are involved in cartilage regeneration and play important roles therein, which is the focus of current cartilage repair strategy. To compensate for the purification difficulty, high cost, poor metabolic stability, and circulating dilution of natural growth factors, the concept of functional motifs (also known as mimetic peptides) from original growth factor was introduced in recent studies. Here, we reviewed the selection mechanisms, biological functions, carrier scaffolds, and modification methods of growth factor-related functional motifs, and evaluated the repair performance in cartilage tissue engineering. Finally, the prospects of functional motifs in researches and clinical application were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengao Qin
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development and Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaman Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyong Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development and Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qijia Sui
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development and Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yimeng Niu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development and Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weilong Ye
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Weilong Ye, ; Guowu Ma, ; Huiying Liu,
| | - Guowu Ma
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development and Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Weilong Ye, ; Guowu Ma, ; Huiying Liu,
| | - Huiying Liu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development and Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Weilong Ye, ; Guowu Ma, ; Huiying Liu,
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Hsieh CC, Yen BL, Chang CC, Hsu PJ, Lee YW, Yen ML, Yet SF, Chen L. Wnt antagonism without TGFβ induces rapid MSC chondrogenesis via increasing AJ interactions and restricting lineage commitment. iScience 2022; 26:105713. [PMID: 36582823 PMCID: PMC9792887 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain one of the best cell sources for cartilage, a tissue without regenerative capacity. However, MSC chondrogenesis is commonly induced through TGFβ, a pleomorphic growth factor without specificity for this lineage. Using tissue- and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs, we demonstrate an efficient and precise approach to induce chondrogenesis through Wnt/β-catenin antagonism alone without TGFβ. Compared to TGFβ, Wnt/β-catenin antagonism more rapidly induced MSC chondrogenesis without eliciting off-target lineage specification toward smooth muscle or hypertrophy; this was mediated through increasing N-cadherin levels and β-catenin interactions-key components of the adherens junctions (AJ)-and increasing cytoskeleton-mediated condensation. Validation with transcriptomic analysis of human chondrocytes compared to MSCs and osteoblasts showed significant downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin and TGFβ signaling along with upregulation of α-catenin as an upstream regulator. Our findings underscore the importance of understanding developmental pathways and structural modifications in achieving efficient MSC chondrogenesis for translational application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chan Hsieh
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County35053, Taiwan
| | - B. Linju Yen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County35053, Taiwan
- Corresponding author
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Hsu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lee
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County35053, Taiwan
| | - Men-Luh Yen
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital and College of Medicine, NTU, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Fang Yet
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County35053, Taiwan
| | - Linyi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Autophagy Is a Crucial Path in Chondrogenesis of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Laden in Hydrogel. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120766. [PMID: 36547290 PMCID: PMC9778383 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular process that contributes to the maintenance of cell homeostasis through the activation of a specific path, by providing the necessary factors in stressful and physiological situations. Autophagy plays a specific role in chondrocyte differentiation; therefore, we aimed to analyze this process in adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) laden in three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel. We analyzed chondrogenic and autophagic markers using molecular biology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. We demonstrated that ASCs embedded in 3D hydrogel showed an increase expression of typical autophagic markers Beclin 1, LC3, and p62, associated with clear evidence of autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm. During ASCs chondrogenic differentiation, we showed that autophagic markers declined their expression and autophagic vesicles were rare, while typical chondrogenic markers collagen type 2, and aggrecan were significantly increased. In line with developmental animal models of cartilage, our data showed that in a 3D hydrogel, ASCs increased their autophagic features. This path is the fundamental prerequisite for the initial phase of differentiation that contributes to fueling the cells with energy and factors necessary for chondrogenic differentiation.
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Rahyussalim AJ, Nasser MK, Al As'ady FM, Kurniawati T. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells implantation on Hemivertebra defect with three-year follow-up: Biological approach in congenital scoliosis treatment - A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 99:107602. [PMID: 36116304 PMCID: PMC9568731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Congenital scoliosis is abnormal vertebral column growth and development during embryogenesis. The most common type of congenital scoliosis is failure of growth which is called as hemivertebra. However, the recent surgical treatment of hemivertebra has several complications especially in young patient. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to treat several bone problems including bone defect and may be have potential to treat the defect in hemiverterbra. We reported a hemivertebra treated by umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs). Case presentation A two-year-old boy presented with scoliosis deformity. The mother noticed the patient's deformity when he was 10th month of age as he learned to stand and progressed since then. There were no growth and development problems. On physical examination, the patient appeared to have scoliosis at lumbar level with bending to the right and asymmetry of waist fold with left shoulder depression. Based on X-ray and CT-Scan investigations, the patient was diagnosed with single fully segmented hemivertebra at 3rd lumbar level. 20 × 106 UC-MSCs were implanted into the bone defect of hemivertebra. Clinical discussion At three-year follow-up, the X-ray and MRI investigations showed a decrease of Cobb angle and increase of hemivertebra ratio. These findings may be due to improvement of the bone defect, which is consistent with several studies that MSCs have abilities to promote bone formation by maintaining the osteoblast cells and improving vascularization. Conclusion We found that MSCs therapy for hemivertebra represent a potential therapy to correct scoliosis curvature and prevent further curvature. Further clinical studies are required to investigate the efficacy of this therapy in hemivertebra. Hemivertebrae is due to the failure of development of vertebrae. Mesenchymal stem cells induce new bone formation. Symmetrical growth of the spine is required for prevent spinal deformity. Regenerative therapy using mesenchymal stem cells as treatment strategy for hemivertebra Implantation of mesenchymal stem cells in hemivertebra is safe procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jabir Rahyussalim
- Department of Orthopaedic & Traumatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Mochammad Kamal Nasser
- Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Post Graduate Medical Doctor, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Faiz Muhammad Al As'ady
- Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Kurniawati
- Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Lamparelli EP, Ciardulli MC, Giudice V, Scala P, Vitolo R, Dale TP, Selleri C, Forsyth NR, Maffulli N, Della Porta G. 3D in-vitro cultures of human bone marrow and Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stromal cells show high chondrogenic potential. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:986310. [PMID: 36225603 PMCID: PMC9549977 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.986310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, chondrogenic potentials of 3D high-density cultures of Bone Marrow (BM) and Wharton’s Jelly (WJ)-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was investigated by chondrogenesis- and cytokine-related gene expression over a 16-day culture period supplemented with human transforming growth factor (hTGF)-β1 at 10 ng/ml. In BM-MSC 3D models, a marked upregulation of chondrogenesis-related genes, such as SOX9, COL2A1, and ACAN (all p < 0.05) and formation of spherical pellets with structured type II collagen fibers were observed. Similarly, WJ-based high-density culture appeared higher in size and more regular in shape, with a significant overexpression of COL2A1 and ACAN (all p < 0.05) at day 16. Moreover, a similar upregulation trend was documented for IL-6 and IL-10 expression in both BM and WJ 3D systems. In conclusion, MSC-based high-density cultures can be considered a promising in vitro model of cartilage regeneration and tissue engineering. Moreover, our data support the use of WJ-MSCs as a valid alternative for chondrogenic commitment of stem cells in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Pavel Lamparelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Giudice
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, Salerno, SA, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Scala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Rosa Vitolo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Tina Patricia Dale
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, Salerno, SA, Italy
| | - Nicholas Robert Forsyth
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Research Centre for Biomaterials BIONAM, Università di Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giovanna Della Porta,
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11
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MacIver MA, Dobson LK, Gregory CA, Muneoka K, Saunders WB. A three-dimensional (3D), serum-free, Collagen Type I system for chondrogenesis of canine bone marrow-derived multipotent stromal cells (cMSCs). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269571. [PMID: 35679245 PMCID: PMC9182251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The dog is an underrepresented large animal translational model for orthopedic cell-based tissue engineering. While chondrogenic differentiation of canine multipotent stromal cells (cMSCs) has been reported using the classic micromass technique, cMSCs respond inconsistently to this method. The objectives of this study were to develop a three-dimensional (3D), serum-free, Collagen Type I system to facilitate cMSC chondrogenesis and, once established, to determine the effect of chondrogenic growth factors on cMSC chondrogenesis. Canine MSCs were polymerized in 100 μL Collagen Type I gels (5 mg/mL) at 1 x 106 cells/construct. Constructs were assessed using morphometry, live/dead staining, and histology in 10 various chondrogenic media. Four media were selected for additional in-depth analyses via lactate dehydrogenase release, total glycosaminoglycan content, qPCR (COL1A1, COL2A, SOX9, ACAN, BGLAP and SP7), immunofluorescence, and TUNEL staining. In the presence of dexamethasone and transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3), both bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) generated larger chondrogenic constructs, although BMP-2 was required to achieve histologic characteristics of chondrocytes. Chondrogenic medium containing dexamethasone, TGF-β3, BMP-2 and bFGF led to a significant decrease in lactate dehydrogenase release at day 3 and glycosaminoglycan content was significantly increased in these constructs at day 3, 10, and 21. Both osteogenic and chondrogenic transcripts were induced in response to dexamethasone, TGF-β3, BMP-2 and bFGF. Collagen Type II and X were detected in all groups via immunofluorescence. Finally, TUNEL staining was positive in constructs lacking BMP-2 or bFGF. In conclusion, the 3D, serum-free, Collagen Type-I assay described herein proved useful in assessing cMSC differentiation and will serve as a productive system to characterize cMSCs or to fabricate tissue engineering constructs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. MacIver
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lauren K. Dobson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Carl A. Gregory
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ken Muneoka
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - W. Brian Saunders
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Franco RAG, McKenna E, Robey PG, Shajib MS, Crawford RW, Doran MR, Futrega K. Inhibition of BMP signaling with LDN 193189 can influence bone marrow stromal cell fate but does not prevent hypertrophy during chondrogenesis. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:616-632. [PMID: 35180395 PMCID: PMC9039850 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) cascades are upregulated during bone marrow-derived stromal cell (BMSC) chondrogenesis, contributing to hypertrophy and preventing effective BMSC-mediated cartilage repair. Previous work demonstrated that a proprietary BMP inhibitor prevented BMSC hypertrophy, yielding stable cartilage tissue. Because of the significant therapeutic potential of a molecule capable of hypertrophy blockade, we evaluated the capacity of a commercially available BMP type I receptor inhibitor with similar properties, LDN 193189, to prevent BMSC hypertrophy. Using 14-day microtissue chondrogenic induction cultures we found that LDN 193189 permitted BMSC chondrogenesis but did not prevent hypertrophy. LDN 193189 was sufficiently potent to counter mineralization and adipogenesis in response to exogenous BMP-2 in osteogenic induction cultures. LDN 193189 did not modify BMSC behavior in adipogenic induction cultures. Although LDN 193189 is effective in countering BMP signaling in a manner that influences BMSC fate, this blockade is insufficient to prevent hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Ann G Franco
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Eamonn McKenna
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Pamela G Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Md Shaffiulah Shajib
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ross W Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael R Doran
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Kathryn Futrega
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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13
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De Kinderen P, Meester J, Loeys B, Peeters S, Gouze E, Woods S, Mortier G, Verstraeten A. Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Chondrocytes: Methods and Applications for Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:397-410. [PMID: 35124831 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology allows pathomechanistic and therapeutic investigation of human heritable disorders affecting tissue types whose collection from patients is difficult or even impossible. Among them are cartilage diseases. Over the past decade, iPSC-chondrocyte disease models have been shown to exhibit several key aspects of known disease mechanisms. Concurrently, an increasing number of protocols to differentiate iPSCs into chondrocytes have been published, each with its respective (dis)advantages. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the different differentiation approaches, the hitherto described iPSC-chondrocyte disease models and mechanistic and/or therapeutic insights that have been derived from their investigation, and the current model limitations. Key lessons are that the most appropriate differentiation approach is dependent upon the cartilage disease under investigation and that further optimization is still required to recapitulate the in vivo cartilage. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline De Kinderen
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Josephina Meester
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart Loeys
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Silke Peeters
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elvire Gouze
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Steven Woods
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Geert Mortier
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aline Verstraeten
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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14
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Zhu M, Zhong W, Cao W, Zhang Q, Wu G. Chondroinductive/chondroconductive peptides and their-functionalized biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering. Bioact Mater 2022; 9:221-238. [PMID: 34820567 PMCID: PMC8585793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The repair of articular cartilage defects is still challenging in the fields of orthopedics and maxillofacial surgery due to the avascular structure of articular cartilage and the limited regenerative capacity of mature chondrocytes. To provide viable treatment options, tremendous efforts have been made to develop various chondrogenically-functionalized biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering. Peptides that are derived from and mimic the functions of chondroconductive cartilage extracellular matrix and chondroinductive growth factors, represent a unique group of bioactive agents for chondrogenic functionalization. Since they can be chemically synthesized, peptides bear better reproducibility, more stable efficacy, higher modifiability and yielding efficiency in comparison with naturally derived biomaterials and recombinant growth factors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge in the designs of the chondroinductive/chondroconductive peptides, the underlying molecular mechanisms and their-functionalized biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering. We also systematically compare their in-vitro and in-vivo efficacies in inducing chondrogenesis. Our vision is to stimulate the development of novel peptides and their-functionalized biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Zhu
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam Movement Science (AMS), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wenchao Zhong
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam Movement Science (AMS), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam Movement Science (AMS), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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Labarre KW, Zimmermann G. Infiltration of the Hoffa's fat pad in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee-Results after one year of follow-up. Bone Rep 2022; 16:101168. [PMID: 35733948 PMCID: PMC9207720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cell therapy using multipotential stromal cells (MSCs) is being used in a variety of clinical settings to induce tissue regeneration. Promising results have also been achieved in the therapy of osteoarthritis. MSCs have been demonstrated to be safe (Borakati et al., 2018). They can be used in a one step procedure as minimally manipulated mesenchymal stem cells or after in vitro expansion. The in vitro step allows for the selection of a more homogeneous cell population, meeting the standard criteria for MSC identification (Lv et al., 2014). In vitro expansion of MSCs is cost intensive, time consuming and furthermore associated with gradual accumulation of senescent cells (Wagner et al., 2008), telomere erosion (Baxter et al., 2004), and changing phenotypes (Jones et al., 2010; Halfon et al., 2011). These disadvantages could be surpassed by the use of “minimally manipulated mesenchymal stem cells” from bone marrow or adipose tissue (Di Matteo et al., 2019) such as the adipogenic stromal-vascular fraction (SVF). The study investigates whether infiltration of the Hoffa fat pad with autologous SVF is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with gonarthrosis. Furthermore, the number and vitality of the injected cells as well as the clinical efficacy will be evaluated. Materials and methods We conduct a prospective study. Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee receive infiltration of SVF into the Hoffa fat pad. The number and vitality of the cells are measured with a cell counter. The clinical outcome is checked using VAS, KOOS and SF12 questionnaires with a follow-up period of 1 year. Results A total of 33 patients and 36 knees were included in this Study. An average of 45 million cells were injected with a standard deviation of 2,5 million Cells. After 6 months a significant improvement of the VAS and the respective subscales of the KOOS could be observed compared to the baseline. After one year of follow-up, a significant improvement in all KOOS subscales compared to baseline was still observed. A significant correlation between reduced knee pain on the VAS and the number of injected cells could be observed as well. Thus, patients injected with a higher number of cells seem to have a better outcome. The average viability of the cells was 64,4% with a standard deviation of 15,9%. A correlation between higher cell viability and better outcome on the QOL subscale of the KOOS was observed. There were no major complications or side effects. Discussion These initial results indicate that treatment with SVF is a safe therapeutic option that has the potential to relieve joint pain and significantly improved function. The cell number and vitality of the injected cells appear to be important factors influencing the success of the therapy.
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16
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Bello AB, Kim Y, Park S, Muttigi MS, Kim J, Park H, Lee S. Matrilin3/TGFβ3 gelatin microparticles promote chondrogenesis, prevent hypertrophy, and induce paracrine release in MSC spheroid for disc regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:50. [PMID: 34480032 PMCID: PMC8417285 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is the leading cause of excruciating lower back pain and disability in adults worldwide. Among the current treatments for DDD, cell-based therapies such as the injection of both disc- and non-disc-derived chondrocytes have shown significant improvements in the patients’ condition. However, further advancement of these therapies is required to not only ensure a supply of healthy chondrocytes but also to promote regeneration of the defective cells in the injury site. Here, we report that the incorporation of gelatin microparticles coloaded with transforming growth factor beta 3 and matrilin 3 promoted chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheroids while preventing hypertrophy and terminal differentiation of cells. Moreover, these composite spheroids induced the release of chondrogenic cytokines that, in turn, promoted regeneration of degenerative chondrocytes in vitro. Finally, injections of these composite spheroids in a rat model of intervertebral disc disease promoted restoration of the chondrogenic properties of the cells, thereby allowing regeneration of the chondrogenic tissue in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Bacero Bello
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Korea.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Korea
| | - Yunkyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Korea
| | - Sunghyun Park
- Department of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Korea
| | | | - Jiseong Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Korea.
| | - Soohong Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Korea.
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17
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Characterization of Osteogenesis and Chondrogenesis of Human Decellularized Allogeneic Bone with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Wharton's Jelly. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168987. [PMID: 34445692 PMCID: PMC8396436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic bone grafts are a promising material for bone implantation due to reduced operative trauma, reduced blood loss, and no donor-site morbidity. Although human decellularized allogeneic bone (hDCB) can be used to fill bone defects, the research of revitalizing hDCB blocks with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for osteochondral regeneration is missing. The hMSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and Wharton’s jelly (BMMSCs, ADMSCs, and UMSCs, respectively) are potential candidates for bone regeneration. This study characterized the potential of hDCB as a scaffold for osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of BMMSCs, ADMSCs, and UMSCs. The pore sizes and mechanical strength of hDCB were characterized. Cell survival and adhesion of hMSCs were investigated using MTT assay and F-actin staining. Alizarin Red S and Safranin O staining were conducted to demonstrate calcium deposition and proteoglycan production of hMSCs after osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, respectively. A RT-qPCR was performed to analyze the expression levels of osteogenic and chondrogenic markers in hMSCs. Results indicated that BMMSCs and ADMSCs exhibited higher osteogenic potential than UMSCs. Furthermore, ADMSCs and UMSCs had higher chondrogenic potential than BMMSCs. This study demonstrated that chondrogenic ADMSCs- or UMSCs-seeded hDCB might be potential osteochondral constructs for osteochondral regeneration.
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18
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Zeng WN, Zhang Y, Wang D, Zeng YP, Yang H, Li J, Zhou CP, Liu JL, Yang QJ, Deng ZL, Zhou ZK. Intra-articular Injection of Kartogenin-Enhanced Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis in a Rat Model. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:2795-2809. [PMID: 34213976 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211023183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo chondrogenic capacity of kartogenin (KGN)-enhanced bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for cartilage regeneration. PURPOSE To determine (1) whether functionalized nanographene oxide (NGO) can effectively deliver KGN into BMSCs and (2) whether KGN would enhance BMSCs during chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo in an animal model. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Functionalized NGO with line chain amine-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG) and branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) were used to synthesize biocompatible NGO-PEG-BPEI (PPG) and for loading hydrophobic KGN molecules noncovalently via π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions (PPG-KGN). Then, PPG-KGN was used for the intracellular delivery of hydrophobic KGN by simple mixing and co-incubation with BMSCs to acquire KGN-enhanced BMSCs. The chondrogenic efficacy of KGN-enhanced BMSCs was evaluated in vitro. In vivo, osteoarthritis (OA) was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection in rats. A total of 5 groups were established: normal (OA treated with nothing), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; intra-articular injection of PBS), PPG-KGN (intra-articular injection of PPG-KGN), BMSCs (intra-articular injection of BMSCs), and BMSCs + PPG-KGN (intra-articular injection of PPG-KGN-preconditioned BMSCs). At 6 and 9 weeks after the surgical induction of OA, the rats received intra-articular injections of PPG-KGN, BMSCs, or KGN-enhanced BMSCs. At 14 weeks after the surgical induction of OA, radiographic and behavioral evaluations as well as histological analysis of the knee joints were performed. RESULTS The in vitro study showed that PPG could be rapidly uptaken in the first 4 hours after incubation, reaching saturation at 12 hours and accumulating in the lysosome and cytoplasm of BMSCs. Thus, PPG-KGN could enhance the efficiency of the intracellular delivery of KGN, which showed a remarkably high chondrogenic differentiation capacity of BMSCs. When applied to an OA model of cartilage injuries in rats, PPG-KGN-preconditioned BMSCs contributed to protection from joint space narrowing, pathological mineralization, OA development, and OA-induced pain, as well as improved tissue regeneration, as evidenced by radiographic, weightbearing, and histological findings. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that KGN-enhanced BMSCs showed markedly improved capacities for chondrogenesis and articular cartilage repair. We believe that this work demonstrates that a multifunctional nanoparticle-based drug delivery system could be beneficial for stem cell therapy. Our results present an opportunity to reverse the symptoms and pathophysiology of OA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The intracellular delivery of KGN to produce BMSCs with enhanced chondrogenic potential may offer a new approach for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Nan Zeng
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Duan Wang
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Ping Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng-Pei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun-Li Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-Jun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zong-Ke Zhou
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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19
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Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Potential Treatments for Osteoarthritis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061287. [PMID: 34067325 PMCID: PMC8224601 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disorder of the joint and its prevalence and severity is increasing owing to ageing of the population. Osteoarthritis is characterized by the degradation of articular cartilage and remodeling of the underlying bone. There is little understanding of the cellular and molecular processes involved in pathophysiology of OA. Currently the treatment for OA is limited to painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, which only treat the symptoms. Some patients may also undergo surgical procedures to replace the damaged joints. Extracellular vesicles (EV) play an important role in intercellular communications and their concentration is elevated in the joints of OA patients, although their mechanism is unclear. Extracellular vesicles are naturally released by cells and they carry their origin cell information to be delivered to target cells. On the other hand, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are highly proliferative and have a great potential in cartilage regeneration. In this review, we provide an overview of the current OA treatments and their limitations. We also discuss the role of EV in OA pathophysiology. Finally, we highlight the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EV in OA and their challenges.
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20
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Wang N, Wang L, Yang J, Wang Z, Cheng L. Quercetin promotes osteogenic differentiation and antioxidant responses of mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells through activation of the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2639-2650. [PMID: 33421256 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Decrepitude and apoptosis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to inhibited osteogenic differentiation, causing decreased bone density and osteoporosis. Quercetin, a bioactive component of Solanum muricatum extracts, promotes the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and ameliorates the symptoms of osteoporosis in vivo. However, the detailed mechanism underlying this process remains unclear. The study aims to reveal the regulatory mechanism of quercetin in BMSCs. Mouse BMSCs (mBMSCs) were isolated from the bone marrow and characterized by flow cytometry. QRT-PCR and western blot assays were performed to evaluate the expression levels of related genes and proteins. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Oil Red O staining of lipids were used to estimate the osteogenesis and adipogenesis levels of mBMSCs, respectively. Quercetin treatment (2 and 5 μM) induced significant upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, SOD1 and SOD2, in mBMSCs. Quercetin promoted osteogenic differentiation and inhibited adipogenic differentiation of mBMSCs. Quercetin treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK protein and upregulated the expression of SIRT1, thus activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway in mBMSCs. Quercetin promoted osteogenic differentiation and antioxidant responses of mBMSCs by activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Stomatological Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jihao Yang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liangxing Cheng
- Research Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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21
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Lamparelli EP, Lovecchio J, Ciardulli MC, Giudice V, Dale TP, Selleri C, Forsyth N, Giordano E, Maffulli N, Della Porta G. Chondrogenic Commitment of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Perfused Collagen Hydrogel Functionalized with hTGF-β1-Releasing PLGA Microcarrier. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030399. [PMID: 33802877 PMCID: PMC8002618 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering strategies can be relevant for cartilage repair and regeneration. A collagen matrix was functionalized with the addition of poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid microcarriers (PLGA-MCs) carrying a human Transforming Growth Factor β1 (hTFG-β1) payload, to provide a 3D biomimetic environment with the capacity to direct stem cell commitment towards a chondrogenic phenotype. PLGA-MCs (mean size 3 ± 0.9 μm) were prepared via supercritical emulsion extraction technology and tailored to sustain delivery of payload into the collagen hydrogel for 21 days. PLGA-MCs were coseeded with human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hBM-MSCs) in the collagen matrix. Chondrogenic induction was suggested when dynamic perfusion was applied as indicated by transcriptional upregulation of COL2A1 gene (5-fold; p < 0.01) and downregulation of COL1A1 (0.07-fold; p < 0.05) and COL3A1 (0.11-fold; p < 0.05) genes, at day 16, as monitored by qRT-PCR. Histological and quantitative-immunofluorescence (qIF) analysis confirmed cell activity by remodeling the synthetic extracellular matrix when cultured in perfused conditions. Static constructs lacked evidence of chondrogenic specific gene overexpression, which was probably due to a reduced mass exchange, as determined by 3D system Finite Element Modelling (FEM) analysis. Proinflammatory (IL-6, TNF, IL-12A, IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TGF-β1) cytokine gene expression by hBM-MSC was observed only in dynamic culture (TNF and IL-1β 10-fold, p < 0.001; TGF-β1 4-fold, p < 0.01 at Day 16) confirming the cells’ immunomodulatory activity mainly in relation to their commitment and not due to the synthetic environment. This study supports the use of 3D hydrogel scaffolds, equipped for growth factor controlled delivery, as tissue engineered models for the study of in vitro chondrogenic differentiation and opens clinical perspectives for injectable collagen-based advanced therapy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Pavel Lamparelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Joseph Lovecchio
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI), University of Bologna, via dell’Università 50, 47522 Cesena, FC, Italy; (J.L.); (E.G.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Valentina Giudice
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Tina P. Dale
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (T.P.D.); (N.F.)
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Nicholas Forsyth
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (T.P.D.); (N.F.)
| | - Emanuele Giordano
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI), University of Bologna, via dell’Università 50, 47522 Cesena, FC, Italy; (J.L.); (E.G.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
- Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems (ARCES), University of Bologna, via Vincenzo Toffano 2/2, 40125 Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Research Centre for Biomaterials BIONAM, Università di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +39-089965234
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22
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Futrega K, Robey PG, Klein TJ, Crawford RW, Doran MR. A single day of TGF-β1 exposure activates chondrogenic and hypertrophic differentiation pathways in bone marrow-derived stromal cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:29. [PMID: 33398032 PMCID: PMC7782775 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Virtually all bone marrow-derived stromal cell (BMSC) chondrogenic induction cultures include greater than 2 weeks exposure to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), but fail to generate cartilage-like tissue suitable for joint repair. Herein we used a micro-pellet model (5 × 103 BMSC each) to determine the duration of TGF-β1 exposure required to initiate differentiation machinery, and to characterize the role of intrinsic programming. We found that a single day of TGF-β1 exposure was sufficient to trigger BMSC chondrogenic differentiation and tissue formation, similar to 21 days of TGF-β1 exposure. Despite cessation of TGF-β1 exposure following 24 hours, intrinsic programming mediated further chondrogenic and hypertrophic BMSC differentiation. These important behaviors are obfuscated by diffusion gradients and heterogeneity in commonly used macro-pellet models (2 × 105 BMSC each). Use of more homogenous micro-pellet models will enable identification of the critical differentiation cues required, likely in the first 24-hours, to generate high quality cartilage-like tissue from BMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Futrega
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pamela G Robey
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Travis J Klein
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ross W Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael R Doran
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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23
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Gelmi A, Schutt CE. Stimuli-Responsive Biomaterials: Scaffolds for Stem Cell Control. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001125. [PMID: 32996270 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell fate is closely intertwined with microenvironmental and endogenous cues within the body. Recapitulating this dynamic environment ex vivo can be achieved through engineered biomaterials which can respond to exogenous stimulation (including light, electrical stimulation, ultrasound, and magnetic fields) to deliver temporal and spatial cues to stem cells. These stimuli-responsive biomaterials can be integrated into scaffolds to investigate stem cell response in vitro and in vivo, and offer many pathways of cellular manipulation: biochemical cues, scaffold property changes, drug release, mechanical stress, and electrical signaling. The aim of this review is to assess and discuss the current state of exogenous stimuli-responsive biomaterials, and their application in multipotent stem cell control. Future perspectives in utilizing these biomaterials for personalized tissue engineering and directing organoid models are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Gelmi
- School of Science College of Science, Engineering and Health RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia
| | - Carolyn E. Schutt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Knight Cancer Institute Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR) Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR 97201 USA
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24
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Xu L, Hanamatsu H, Homan K, Onodera T, Miyazaki T, Furukawa JI, Hontani K, Tian Y, Baba R, Iwasaki N. Alterations of Glycosphingolipid Glycans and Chondrogenic Markers during Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Chondrocytes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1622. [PMID: 33271874 PMCID: PMC7760376 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited intrinsic healing potential of cartilage, injury to this tissue may lead to osteoarthritis. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can be differentiated into chondrocytes, are a promising source of cells for cartilage regenerative therapy. Currently, however, the methods for evaluating chondrogenic differentiation of iPSCs are very limited; the main techniques are based on the detection of chondrogenic genes and histological analysis of the extracellular matrix. The cell surface is coated with glycocalyx, a layer of glycoconjugates including glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and glycoproteins. The glycans in glycoconjugates play important roles in biological events, and their expression and structure vary widely depending on cell types and conditions. In this study, we performed a quantitative GSL-glycan analysis of human iPSCs, iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cell like cells (iPS-MSC like cells), iPS-MSC-derived chondrocytes (iPS-MSC-CDs), bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and BMSC-derived chondrocytes (BMSC-CDs) using glycoblotting technology. We found that GSL-glycan profiles differed among cell types, and that the GSL-glycome underwent a characteristic alteration during the process of chondrogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we analyzed the GSL-glycome of normal human cartilage and found that it was quite similar to that of iPS-MSC-CDs. This is the first study to evaluate GSL-glycan structures on human iPS-derived cartilaginous particles under micromass culture conditions and those of normal human cartilage. Our results indicate that GSL-glycome analysis is useful for evaluating target cell differentiation and can thus support safe regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; (L.X.); (K.H.); (T.M.); (K.H.); (Y.T.); (R.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Hisatoshi Hanamatsu
- Department of Advanced Clinical Glycobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan;
| | - Kentaro Homan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; (L.X.); (K.H.); (T.M.); (K.H.); (Y.T.); (R.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Tomohiro Onodera
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; (L.X.); (K.H.); (T.M.); (K.H.); (Y.T.); (R.B.); (N.I.)
- Department of Advanced Clinical Glycobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan;
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GSS, GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takuji Miyazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; (L.X.); (K.H.); (T.M.); (K.H.); (Y.T.); (R.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Jun-ichi Furukawa
- Department of Advanced Clinical Glycobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan;
| | - Kazutoshi Hontani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; (L.X.); (K.H.); (T.M.); (K.H.); (Y.T.); (R.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; (L.X.); (K.H.); (T.M.); (K.H.); (Y.T.); (R.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Rikiya Baba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; (L.X.); (K.H.); (T.M.); (K.H.); (Y.T.); (R.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; (L.X.); (K.H.); (T.M.); (K.H.); (Y.T.); (R.B.); (N.I.)
- Department of Advanced Clinical Glycobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan;
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25
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Kangari P, Talaei-Khozani T, Razeghian-Jahromi I, Razmkhah M. Mesenchymal stem cells: amazing remedies for bone and cartilage defects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:492. [PMID: 33225992 PMCID: PMC7681994 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal disorders are among the leading debilitating factors affecting millions of people worldwide. The use of stem cells for tissue repair has raised many promises in various medical fields, including skeletal disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with mesodermal and neural crest origin. These cells are one of the most attractive candidates in regenerative medicine, and their use could be helpful in repairing and regeneration of skeletal disorders through several mechanisms including homing, angiogenesis, differentiation, and response to inflammatory condition. The most widely studied sources of MSCs are bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue, muscle, umbilical cord (UC), umbilical cord blood (UCB), placenta (PL), Wharton's jelly (WJ), and amniotic fluid. These cells are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and myocytes in vitro. MSCs obtained from various sources have diverse capabilities of secreting many different cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines. It is believed that the salutary effects of MSCs from different sources are not alike in terms of repairing or reformation of injured skeletal tissues. Accordingly, differential identification of MSCs' secretome enables us to make optimal choices in skeletal disorders considering various sources. This review discusses and compares the therapeutic abilities of MSCs from different sources for bone and cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Kangari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mahboobeh Razmkhah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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26
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Pedrini F, Hausen M, Gomes R, Duek E. Enhancement of cartilage extracellular matrix synthesis in Poly(PCL-TMC)urethane scaffolds: a study of oriented dynamic flow in bioreactor. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:2721-2734. [PMID: 32785804 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of new technologies to produce three-dimensional and biocompatible scaffolds associated with high-end cell culture techniques have shown to be promising for the regeneration of tissues and organs. Some biomedical devices, as meniscus prosthesis, require high flexibility and tenacity and such features are found in polyurethanes which represent a promising alternative. The Poly(PCL-TMC)urethane here presented, combines the mechanical properties of PCL with the elasticity attributed by TMC and presents great potential as a cellular carrier in cartilage repair. Scanning electron microscopy showed the presence of interconnected pores in the three-dimensional structure of the material. The scaffolds were submitted to proliferation and cell differentiation assays by culturing mesenchymal stem cells in bioreactor. The tests were performed in dynamic flow mode at the rate of 0.4 mL/min. Laser scanning confocal microscopy analysis showed that the flow rate promoted cell growth and cartilage ECM synthesis of aggrecan and type II collagen within the Poly(PCL-TMC)urethane scaffolds. This study demonstrated the applicability of the polymer as a cellular carrier in tissue engineering, as well as the ECM was incremented only when under oriented flow rate stimuli. Therefore, our results may also provide data on how oriented flow rate in dynamic bioreactors culture can influence cell activity towards cartilage ECM synthesis even when specific molecular stimuli are not present. This work addresses new perspectives for future clinical applications in cartilage tissue engineering when the molecular factors resources could be scarce for assorted reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Pedrini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC/SP), Joubert Wey, 290, Sorocaba, 18030-070, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, Brazil.
| | - Moema Hausen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC/SP), Joubert Wey, 290, Sorocaba, 18030-070, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gomes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC/SP), Joubert Wey, 290, Sorocaba, 18030-070, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Eliana Duek
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC/SP), Joubert Wey, 290, Sorocaba, 18030-070, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, Brazil
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27
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Effect of electrical stimulation on chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells cultured in hyaluronic acid – Gelatin injectable hydrogels. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 134:107536. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Farhang N, Davis B, Weston J, Ginley-Hidinger M, Gertz J, Bowles RD. Synergistic CRISPRa-Regulated Chondrogenic Extracellular Matrix Deposition Without Exogenous Growth Factors. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1169-1179. [PMID: 32460686 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapies have shown promise for regenerative treatment for musculoskeletal conditions, but their success is mixed. To enhance regenerative effects, growth factors are utilized to induce differentiation into native cell types, but uncontrollable in vivo conditions inhibit differentiation, and precise control of expressed matrix proteins is difficult to achieve. To address these issues, we investigated a novel method of enhancing regenerative phenotype through direct upregulation of major cartilaginous tissue proteins, aggrecan (ACAN), and collagen II (COL2A1) using dCas9-VPR CRISPR gene activation systems. We demonstrated increased expression and deposition of targeted proteins independent of exogenous growth factors in pellet culture. Singular upregulation of COL2A1/ACAN interestingly indicates that COL2A1 upregulation mediates the highest sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) deposition, in addition to collagen II deposition. Through RNA-seq analysis, this was shown to occur by COL2A1 upregulation mediating broader chondrogenic gene expression changes. Multiplex upregulation of COL2A1 and ACAN together resulted in the highest sGAG, and collagen II deposition, with levels comparable to those in chondrogenic growth factor-differentiated pellets. Overall, this work indicates dCas9-VPR systems can robustly upregulate COL2A1 and ACAN deposition without growth factors, to provide a novel, precise method of controlling stem cell phenotype for cartilage and intervertebral disc cell therapies and tissue engineering. Impact statement Stem cell therapies have come about as a potential regenerative treatment for musculoskeletal disease, but clinically, they have mixed results. To improve stem cell therapies, growth factors are used to aid a regenerative cell phenotype, but their effects are inhibited by in vivo musculoskeletal disease environments. This article describes CRISPR gene activation-based cell engineering methods that provide a growth factor-free method of inducing chondrogenic extracellular matrix deposition. This method is demonstrated to be as/more potent as growth factors in inducing a chondrogenic phenotype in pellet culture, indicating potential utility as a method of enhancing stem cell therapies for musculoskeletal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Farhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Bryton Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jacob Weston
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Robby D Bowles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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29
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Zhao Y, Teng B, Sun X, Dong Y, Wang S, Hu Y, Wang Z, Ma X, Yang Q. Synergistic Effects of Kartogenin and Transforming Growth Factor-β3 on Chondrogenesis of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro. Orthop Surg 2020; 12:938-945. [PMID: 32462800 PMCID: PMC7307229 DOI: 10.1111/os.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of kartogenin (KGN) on proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSC) in vitro, and the synergistic effects of KGN and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 on hUCMSC. METHODS Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured. Then the differentiation properties were identified by flow cytometry analysis. HUCMSC were divided into four groups: control group, KGN group, TGF-β3 group, and TK group (with TGF-β3 and KGN added into the medium simultaneously). Cells in all groups were induced for 21 days using the suspension ball culture method. Hematoxylin and eosin, immunofluorescence, and Alcian blue staining were used to analyze chondrogenic differentiation. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed to investigate genes associated with chondrogenic differentiation. RESULT Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that cells in the TGF-β3 group and the TK group had formed cartilage-like tissue after 21 days of culture. The results of immunofluorescence and Alcian blue staining showed that compared with the control group, cells in the KGN and TGF-β3 groups demonstrated increased secretion of aggrecan after 21 days of culture. In addition, cells in the group combining KGN with TGF-β3 (5.587 ± 0.27, P < 0.01) had more collagen II secretion than cells in the TGF-β3 alone group (2.86 ± 0.141, P < 0.01) or the KGN group (1.203 ± 0.215, P < 0.01). The expression of aggrecan (2.468 ± 0.097, P < 0.05) and SRY-Box 9 (4.08 ± 0.13, P < 0.05) in cells in the group combining KGN with TGF-β3 was significantly higher than those in the TGF-β3 group (2.216 ± 0.09, 3.02 ± 0.132, P < 0.05).' CONCLUSION The combination of KGN and TGF-β3 had synergistic effects and induced hUCMSC chondrogenesis. This could represent a new approach for clinical application and studies on cartilage repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Binhong Teng
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Spine SurgeryTianjin Hospital, Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yunsheng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Shufang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yongcheng Hu
- Department of Spine SurgeryTianjin Hospital, Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsNo. 1 Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Department of Spine SurgeryTianjin Hospital, Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Spine SurgeryTianjin Hospital, Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina
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30
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Transforming growth factor-beta stimulates human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell chondrogenesis more so than kartogenin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8340. [PMID: 32433527 PMCID: PMC7239921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study identified kartogenin (KGN) as a potent modulator of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (BMSC) chondrogenesis. This initial report did not contrast KGN directly against transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), the most common growth factor used in chondrogenic induction medium. Herein, we directly compared the in vitro chondrogenic potency of TGF-β1 and KGN using a high resolution micropellet model system. Micropellets were cultured for 7–14 days in medium supplemented with TGF-β1, KGN, or both TGF-β1 + KGN. Following 14 days of induction, micropellets exposed to TGF-β1 alone or TGF-β1 + KGN in combination were larger and produced more glycosominoglycan (GAG) than KGN-only cultures. When TGF-β1 + KGN was used, GAG quantities were similar or slightly greater than the TGF-β1-only cultures, depending on the BMSC donor. BMSC micropellet cultures supplemented with KGN alone contracted in size over the culture period and produced minimal GAG. Indicators of hypertrophy were not mitigated in TGF-β1 + KGN cultures, suggesting that KGN does not obstruct BMSC hypertrophy. KGN appears to have weak chondrogenic potency in human BMSC cultures relative to TGF-β1, does not obstruct hypertrophy, and may not be a viable alternative to growth factors in cartilage tissue engineering.
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Aisenbrey EA, Bilousova G, Payne K, Bryant SJ. Dynamic mechanical loading and growth factors influence chondrogenesis of induced pluripotent mesenchymal progenitor cells in a cartilage-mimetic hydrogel. Biomater Sci 2020; 7:5388-5403. [PMID: 31626251 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01081e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for cartilage tissue engineering. However, the effect of biochemical and mechanical cues on iPSC chondrogenesis remains understudied. This study evaluated chondrogenesis of induced pluripotent mesenchymal progenitor cells (iPS-MPs) encapsulated in a cartilage-mimetic hydrogel under different culture conditions: free swelling versus dynamic compressive loading and different growth factors (TGFβ3 and/or BMP2). Human iPSCs were differentiated into iPS-MPs and chondrogenesis was evaluated by gene expression (qPCR) and protein expression (immunohistochemistry) after three weeks. In pellet culture, both TGFβ3 and BMP2 were required to promote chondrogenesis. However, the hydrogel in growth factor-free conditions promoted chondrogenesis, but rapidly progressed to hypertrophy. Dynamic loading in growth factor-free conditions supported chondrogenesis, but delayed the transition to hypertrophy. Findings were similar with TGFβ3, BMP2, and TGFβ3 + BMP2. Dynamic loading with TGFβ3, regardless of BMP2, was the only condition that promoted a stable chondrogenic phenotype (aggrecan + collagen II) accompanied by collagen X down-regulation. Positive TGFβRI expression with load-enhanced Smad2/3 signaling and low SMAD1/5/8 signaling was observed. In summary, this study reports a promising cartilage-mimetic hydrogel for iPS-MPs that when combined with appropriate biochemical and mechanical cues induces a stable chondrogenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Aisenbrey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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Lam AT, Reuveny S, Oh SKW. Human mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cartilage repair: Review on isolation, expansion, and constructs. Stem Cell Res 2020; 44:101738. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Dennis JE, Splawn T, Kean TJ. High-Throughput, Temporal and Dose Dependent, Effect of Vitamins and Minerals on Chondrogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:92. [PMID: 32161755 PMCID: PMC7053227 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineered hyaline cartilage is plagued by poor mechanical properties largely due to inadequate type II collagen expression. Of note, commonly used defined chondrogenic media lack 14 vitamins and minerals, some of which are implicated in chondrogenesis. Type II collagen promoter-driven Gaussia luciferase was transfected into ATDC5 cells to create a chondrogenic cell with a secreted-reporter. The reporter cells were used in an aggregate-based chondrogenic culture model to develop a high-throughput analytic platform. This high-throughput platform was used to assess the effect of vitamins and minerals, alone and in combination with TGFβ1, on COL2A1 promoter-driven expression. Significant combinatorial effects between vitamins, minerals, and TGFβ1 in terms of COL2A1 promoter-driven expression and metabolism were discovered. An “optimal” continual supplement of copper and vitamin K in the presence of TGFβ1 gave a 2.5-fold increase in COL2A1 promoter-driven expression over TGFβ1 supplemented media alone in ATDC5 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Dennis
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Taylor Splawn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Thomas J Kean
- Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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URDEITX PAU, FARZANEH SOLMAZ, MOUSAVI SJAMALEDDIN, DOWEIDAR MOHAMEDH. ROLE OF OXYGEN CONCENTRATION IN THE OSTEOBLASTS BEHAVIOR: A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL. J MECH MED BIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519419500647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen concentration plays a key role in cell survival and viability. Besides, it has important effects on essential cellular biological processes such as cell migration, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, the prediction of the cellular response to the alterations of the oxygen concentration can help significantly in the advances of cell culture research. Here, we present a 3D computational mechanotactic model to simulate all the previously mentioned cell processes under different oxygen concentrations. With this model, three cases have been studied. Starting with mesenchymal stem cells within an extracellular matrix with mechanical properties suitable for its differentiation into osteoblasts, and under different oxygen conditions to evaluate their behavior under normoxia, hypoxia and anoxia. The obtained results, which are consistent with the experimental observations, indicate that cells tend to migrate toward zones with higher oxygen concentration where they accelerate their differentiation and proliferation. This technique can be employed to control cell migration toward fracture zones to accelerate the healing process. Besides, as expected, to avoid cell apoptosis under conditions of anoxia and to avoid the inhibition of the differentiation and proliferation processes under conditions of hypoxia, the state of normoxia should be maintained throughout the entire cell-culture process.
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Affiliation(s)
- PAU URDEITX
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Architecture (EINA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - SOLMAZ FARZANEH
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059, Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F - 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - S. JAMALEDDIN MOUSAVI
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059, Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F - 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - MOHAMED H. DOWEIDAR
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Architecture (EINA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
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Combining Innovative Bioink and Low Cell Density for the Production of 3D-Bioprinted Cartilage Substitutes: A Pilot Study. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:2487072. [PMID: 32399041 PMCID: PMC7201838 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2487072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting offers interesting opportunities for 3D tissue printing by providing living cells with appropriate scaffolds with a dedicated structure. Biological advances in bioinks are currently promising for cell encapsulation, particularly that of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We present herein the development of cartilage implants by 3D bioprinting that deliver MSCs encapsulated in an original bioink at low concentration. 3D-bioprinted constructs (10 × 10 × 4 mm) were printed using alginate/gelatin/fibrinogen bioink mixed with human bone marrow MSCs. The influence of the bioprinting process and chondrogenic differentiation on MSC metabolism, gene profiles, and extracellular matrix (ECM) production at two different MSC concentrations (1 million or 2 million cells/mL) was assessed on day 28 (D28) by using MTT tests, real-time RT-PCR, and histology and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Then, the effect of the environment (growth factors such as TGF-β1/3 and/or BMP2 and oxygen tension) on chondrogenicity was evaluated at a 1 M cell/mL concentration on D28 and D56 by measuring mitochondrial activity, chondrogenic gene expression, and the quality of cartilaginous matrix synthesis. We confirmed the safety of bioextrusion and gelation at concentrations of 1 million and 2 million MSC/mL in terms of cellular metabolism. The chondrogenic effect of TGF-β1 was verified within the substitute on D28 by measuring chondrogenic gene expression and ECM synthesis (glycosaminoglycans and type II collagen) on D28. The 1 M concentration represented the best compromise. We then evaluated the influence of various environmental factors on the substitutes on D28 (differentiation) and D56 (synthesis). Chondrogenic gene expression was maximal on D28 under the influence of TGF-β1 or TGF-β3 either alone or in combination with BMP-2. Hypoxia suppressed the expression of hypertrophic and osteogenic genes. ECM synthesis was maximal on D56 for both glycosaminoglycans and type II collagen, particularly in the presence of a combination of TGF-β1 and BMP-2. Continuous hypoxia did not influence matrix synthesis but significantly reduced the appearance of microcalcifications within the extracellular matrix. The described strategy is very promising for 3D bioprinting by the bioextrusion of an original bioink containing a low concentration of MSCs followed by the culture of the substitutes in hypoxic conditions under the combined influence of TGF-β1 and BMP-2.
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Mellor LF, Nordberg RC, Huebner P, Mohiti-Asli M, Taylor MA, Efird W, Oxford JT, Spang JT, Shirwaiker RA, Loboa EG. Investigation of multiphasic 3D-bioplotted scaffolds for site-specific chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells for osteochondral tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:2017-2030. [PMID: 31880408 PMCID: PMC7217039 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that limits mobility of the affected joint due to the degradation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone. The limited regenerative capacity of cartilage presents significant challenges when attempting to repair or reverse the effects of cartilage degradation. Tissue engineered medical products are a promising alternative to treat osteochondral degeneration due to their potential to integrate into the patient's existing tissue. The goal of this study was to create a scaffold that would induce site-specific osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) to generate a full osteochondral implant. Scaffolds were fabricated using 3D-bioplotting of biodegradable polycraprolactone (PCL) with either β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) or decellularized bovine cartilage extracellular matrix (dECM) to drive site-specific hASC osteogenesis and chondrogenesis, respectively. PCL-dECM scaffolds demonstrated elevated matrix deposition and organization in scaffolds seeded with hASC as well as a reduction in collagen I gene expression. 3D-bioplotted PCL scaffolds with 20% TCP demonstrated elevated calcium deposition, endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteopontin gene expression. Osteochondral scaffolds comprised of hASC-seeded 3D-bioplotted PCL-TCP, electrospun PCL, and 3D-bioplotted PCL-dECM phases were evaluated and demonstrated site-specific osteochondral tissue characteristics. This technique holds great promise as cartilage morbidity is minimized since autologous cartilage harvest is not required, tissue rejection is minimized via use of an abundant and accessible source of autologous stem cells, and biofabrication techniques allow for a precise, customizable methodology to rapidly produce the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana F Mellor
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Rachel C Nordberg
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Pedro Huebner
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Mahsa Mohiti-Asli
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael A Taylor
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - William Efird
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Julia T Oxford
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho
| | - Jeffrey T Spang
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Rohan A Shirwaiker
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Elizabeth G Loboa
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Rosadi I, Karina K, Rosliana I, Sobariah S, Afini I, Widyastuti T, Barlian A. In vitro study of cartilage tissue engineering using human adipose-derived stem cells induced by platelet-rich plasma and cultured on silk fibroin scaffold. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:369. [PMID: 31801639 PMCID: PMC6894137 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising technique for repairing cartilage defect. Due to the limitation of cell number and proliferation, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been developed as a substitute to chondrocytes as a cartilage cell-source. This study aimed to develop cartilage tissue from human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) cultured on a Bombyx mori silk fibroin scaffold and supplemented with 10% platelet-rich plasma (PRP). METHODS Human ADSCs and PRP were characterized. A silk fibroin scaffold with 500 μm pore size was fabricated through salt leaching. ADSCs were then cultured on the scaffold (ADSC-SS) and supplemented with 10% PRP for 21 days to examine cell proliferation, chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and surface marker expression. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of type 2 collagen, aggrecan, and type 1 collagen was analysed. The presence of type 2 collagen confirming chondrogenesis was validated using immunocytochemistry. The negative and positive controls were ADSC-SS supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) and ADSC-SS supplemented with commercial chondrogenesis medium, respectively. RESULTS Cells isolated from adipose tissue were characterized as ADSCs. Proliferation of the ADSC-SS PRP was significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to that of controls. Chondrogenesis was observed in ADSC-SS PRP and was confirmed through the increase in glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) secretion, the absence of mineral deposition, and increased surface marker proteins on chondrogenic progenitors. The mRNA expression of type 2 collagen in ADSC-SS PRP was significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to that in the negative control on days 7 and 21; however, aggrecan was significantly increased on day 14 compared to the controls. ADSC-SS PRP showed stable mRNA expression of type 1 collagen up to 14 days and it was significantly decreased on day 21. Confocal analysis showed the presence of type 2 collagen in the ADSC-SS PRP and positive control groups, with high distribution outside the cells forming the extracellular matrix (ECM) on day 21. CONCLUSION Our study showed that ADSC-SS with supplemented 10% PRP medium can effectively support chondrogenesis of ADSCs in vitro and promising for further development as an alternative for cartilage tissue engineering in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imam Rosadi
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Karina Karina
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
- Klinik Hayandra, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
- Biomedic, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Iis Rosliana
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Siti Sobariah
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Irsyah Afini
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tias Widyastuti
- HayandraLab, Yayasan Hayandra Peduli, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anggraini Barlian
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
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Ruhl T, Beier JP. Quantification of chondrogenic differentiation in monolayer cultures of mesenchymal stromal cells. Anal Biochem 2019; 582:113356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.113356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Induction of Articular Chondrogenesis by Chitosan/Hyaluronic-Acid-Based Biomimetic Matrices Using Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184487. [PMID: 31514329 PMCID: PMC6770472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage repair using tissue engineering is the most advanced clinical application in regenerative medicine, yet available solutions remain unsuccessful in reconstructing native cartilage in its proprietary form and function. Previous investigations have suggested that the combination of specific bioactive elements combined with a natural polymer could generate carrier matrices that enhance activities of seeded stem cells and possibly induce the desired matrix formation. The present study sought to clarify this by assessing whether a chitosan-hyaluronic-acid-based biomimetic matrix in conjunction with adipose-derived stem cells could support articular hyaline cartilage formation in relation to a standard chitosan-based construct. By assessing cellular development, matrix formation, and key gene/protein expressions during in vitro cultivation utilizing quantitative gene and immunofluorescent assays, results showed that chitosan with hyaluronic acid provides a suitable environment that supports stem cell differentiation towards cartilage matrix producing chondrocytes. However, on the molecular gene expression level, it has become apparent that, without combinations of morphogens, in the chondrogenic medium, hyaluronic acid with chitosan has a very limited capacity to stimulate and maintain stem cells in an articular chondrogenic state, suggesting that cocktails of various growth factors are one of the key features to regenerate articular cartilage, clinically.
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Gelse K, Biggemann J, Stumpf M, Halmheu M, Grüneboom A, Kleyer A, Scholtysek C, Pachowsky ML, Hueber A, Krönke G, Fey T. Modular Lattice Constructs for Biological Joint Resurfacing. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1053-1062. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kolja Gelse
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jonas Biggemann
- Department of Materials Science (Glass and Ceramics), University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Stumpf
- Department of Materials Science (Glass and Ceramics), University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melissa Halmheu
- Department of Materials Science (Glass and Ceramics), University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anika Grüneboom
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Kleyer
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carina Scholtysek
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Milena L. Pachowsky
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Axel Hueber
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine 3—Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Fey
- Department of Materials Science (Glass and Ceramics), University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Frontier Research Institute for Materials Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
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Endo K, Fujita N, Nakagawa T, Nishimura R. Comparison of the effect of growth factors on chondrogenesis of canine mesenchymal stem cells. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1211-1218. [PMID: 31167981 PMCID: PMC6715918 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are proposed to be useful in cartilage regenerative
medicine, however, canine MSCs have been reported to show poor chondrogenic capacity.
Therefore, optimal conditions for chondrogenic differentiation should be determined by
mimicking the developmental process. We have previously established novel and superior
canine MSCs named bone marrow peri-adipocyte cells (BM-PACs) and the objective of this
study was to evaluate the effects of growth factors required for in vivo
chondrogenesis using canine BM-PACs. Spheroids of BM-PACs were cultured in chondrogenic
medium containing 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β1
(TGF-β1) with or without 100 ng/ml bone morphogenetic
protein-2 (BMP-2), 100 ng/ml growth differentiation
factor-5 (GDF-5) or 100 ng/ml insulin-like growth
factor-1 (IGF-1). Chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated by the quantification of
glycosaminoglycan and Safranin O staining for proteoglycan production. The expression of
cartilage matrix or hypertrophic gene/protein was also evaluated by qPCR and
immunohistochemistry. Spheroids in all groups were strongly stained with Safranin O.
Although BMP-2 significantly increased glycosaminoglycan production, Safranin O-negative
outer layer was formed and the mRNA expression of COL10 relating to cartilage hypertrophy
was also significantly upregulated (P<0.05). GDF-5 promoted the
production of glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen without increasing COL10 mRNA
expression. The supplementation of IGF-1 did not significantly affect cartilaginous and
hypertrophic differentiation. Our results indicate that GDF-5 is a useful growth factor
for the generation of articular cartilage from canine MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Endo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoki Fujita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Bicho D, Ajami S, Liu C, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Peptide-biofunctionalization of biomaterials for osteochondral tissue regeneration in early stage osteoarthritis: challenges and opportunities. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1027-1044. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03173h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive deterioration of articular cartilage, synovial inflammation and changes in periarticular and subchondral bone, being a leading cause of disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bicho
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra
- Guimarães
- Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory
- Braga/Guimarães
| | - S. Ajami
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculo-Skeletal Sci, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital
- Stanmore
- UK
| | - C. Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculo-Skeletal Sci, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital
- Stanmore
- UK
| | - R. L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra
- Guimarães
- Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory
- Braga/Guimarães
| | - J. M. Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra
- Guimarães
- Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory
- Braga/Guimarães
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Huang X, Das R, Patel A, Nguyen TD. Physical Stimulations for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 4:216-237. [PMID: 30740512 PMCID: PMC6366645 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-018-0064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of techniques and methods are actively invented by clinicians and scientists who are dedicated to the field of musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. Biological, chemical, and physiological factors, which play key roles in musculoskeletal tissue development, have been extensively explored. However, physical stimulation is increasingly showing extreme importance in the processes of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, proliferation and maturation through defined dose parameters including mode, frequency, magnitude, and duration of stimuli. Studies have shown manipulation of physical microenvironment is an indispensable strategy for the repair and regeneration of bone and cartilage, and biophysical cues could profoundly promote their regeneration. In this article, we review recent literature on utilization of physical stimulation, such as mechanical forces (cyclic strain, fluid shear stress, etc.), electrical and magnetic fields, ultrasound, shock waves, substrate stimuli, etc., to promote the repair and regeneration of bone and cartilage tissue. Emphasis is placed on the mechanism of cellular response and the potential clinical usage of these stimulations for bone and cartilage regeneration.
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Hyaluronan microenvironment enhances cartilage regeneration of human adipose-derived stem cells in a chondral defect model. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:726-740. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Liang Y, Idrees E, Szojka ARA, Andrews SHJ, Kunze M, Mulet-Sierra A, Jomha NM, Adesida AB. Chondrogenic differentiation of synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells on human meniscus-derived decellularized matrix requires exogenous growth factors. Acta Biomater 2018; 80:131-143. [PMID: 30267878 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether meniscus-derived decellularized matrix (DCM) has the capacity to induce differentiation of synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SF-MSCs) towards a meniscus fibrochondrocyte (MFC) phenotype. The potential roles of transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-β3) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the differentiation of SF-MSCs towards an MFC phenotype were also investigated. SF-MSCs were isolated via plastic adherence cell culture from the synovial fluid of five donors (5 male, average age 34 years). Porous DCM was generated by homogenizing and freeze-drying fresh normal human cadaveric meniscus tissue. SF-MSCs were seeded and cultured on the DCM scaffold in a defined serum-free media (SFM) supplemented with or without the combination of TGF-β3 and IGF-1. Cell pellets of SF-MSCs were cultured in SFM with either TGF-β3 or IGF-1 or their combination as controls. The duration of culture was 3 weeks for both experimental configurations. We assessed newly-formed tissues by biochemical assays, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), immunofluorescence and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The combination of TGF-β3 and IGF-1 induced production of the cartilaginous matrix in DCM and upregulated the expression of aggrecan, collagens I and II. Moreover, the SF-MSCs exhibited a round morphology in the DCM scaffolds in the presence of the growth factors. In pellets, combined TGF-β3 and IGF-1 synergistically enhanced cartilaginous matrix production. In contrast to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), the differentiated SF-MSCs showed little evidence of the expression of the hypertrophic differentiation marker, collagen X. In conclusion, meniscus-derived DCM appears to require exogenous growth factor supplementation to direct differentiation of SF-MSCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Meniscus tears are the most common injury of the knee joint. These tears pose a major risk factor for the early development of knee osteoarthritis. Unfortunately, the majority of these tears occur in the inner region of the meniscus and lacks blood supply with no reparative or regenerative capacity. The goal of this study was to determine if the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of human meniscus has the capacity to differentiate human knee synovial fluid resident mesenchymal stem cells (SF-MSCs) towards a meniscus phenotype as a potential strategy to repair avascular meniscal tears. Our findings show that the human meniscus-derived ECM without supplementation with growth factors (TGF-β3 and IGF-1) cannot differentiate SF-MSCs towards a meniscus phenotype. The use of meniscus-derived scaffolds as a material to stimulate endogenous repair of meniscus tears via differentiation of SF-MSCs may require supplementation with TGF-β3 and IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- University of Alberta, Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada; Division of Burn and Reconstructive Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Enaam Idrees
- University of Alberta, Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Alexander R A Szojka
- University of Alberta, Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Stephen H J Andrews
- University of Alberta, Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Melanie Kunze
- University of Alberta, Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Aillette Mulet-Sierra
- University of Alberta, Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Nadr M Jomha
- University of Alberta, Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Adetola B Adesida
- University of Alberta, Department of Surgery, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.
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Li C, Armstrong JP, Pence IJ, Kit-Anan W, Puetzer JL, Correia Carreira S, Moore AC, Stevens MM. Glycosylated superparamagnetic nanoparticle gradients for osteochondral tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2018; 176:24-33. [PMID: 29852377 PMCID: PMC6018621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In developmental biology, gradients of bioactive signals direct the formation of structural transitions in tissue that are key to physiological function. Failure to reproduce these native features in an in vitro setting can severely limit the success of bioengineered tissue constructs. In this report, we introduce a facile and rapid platform that uses magnetic field alignment of glycosylated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, pre-loaded with growth factors, to pattern biochemical gradients into a range of biomaterial systems. Gradients of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in agarose hydrogels were used to spatially direct the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells and generate robust osteochondral tissue constructs exhibiting a clear mineral transition from bone to cartilage. Interestingly, the smooth gradients in growth factor concentration gave rise to biologically-relevant, emergent structural features, including a tidemark transition demarcating mineralized and non-mineralized tissue and an osteochondral interface rich in hypertrophic chondrocytes. This platform technology offers great versatility and provides an exciting new opportunity for overcoming a range of interfacial tissue engineering challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunching Li
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - James Pk Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac J Pence
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Worrapong Kit-Anan
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer L Puetzer
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Correia Carreira
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Axel C Moore
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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Yin H, Wang Y, Sun X, Cui G, Sun Z, Chen P, Xu Y, Yuan X, Meng H, Xu W, Wang A, Guo Q, Lu S, Peng J. Functional tissue-engineered microtissue derived from cartilage extracellular matrix for articular cartilage regeneration. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:127-141. [PMID: 30030172 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed a promising cell carrier prepared from articular cartilage slices, designated cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived particles (CEDPs), through processes involving physical pulverization, size screening, and chemical decellularization. Rabbit articular chondrocytes (ACs) or adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) rapidly attached to the surface of the CEDPs and proliferated with high cell viability under microgravity (MG) condition in a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) or static condition. Gene profiling results demonstrated that ACs expanded on CEDPs exhibited significantly enhanced chondrogenic phenotypes compared with monolayer culture, and that ASCs differentiated into a chondrogenic phenotype without the use of exogenous growth factors. Moreover, MG culture conditions in a RCCS bioreactor were superior to static culture conditions in terms of maintaining the chondrogenic phenotype of ACs and inducing ACS chondrogenesis. With prolonged expansion, functional microtissue aggregates of AC- or ASC-laden CEDPs were formed. Further, AC- or ASC-based microtissues were directly implanted in vivo to repair articular osteochondral defects in a rabbit model. Histological results, biomechanical evaluations, and radiographic assessments indicated that AC- and ASC-based microtissues displayed equal levels of superior hyaline cartilage repair, whereas the other two treatment groups, in which osteochondral defects were treated with CEDPs alone or fibrin glue, exhibited primarily fibrous tissue repair. These findings provide an alternative method for cell culture and stem cell differentiation and a promising strategy for constructing tissue-engineered cartilage microtissues for cartilage regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Despite the remarkable progress in cartilage tissue engineering, cartilage repair still remains elusive. In the present study, we developed a cell carrier, namely cartilage extracellular matrix-derived particles (CEDPs), for cell proliferation of articular chondrocytes (ACs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which improved the maintenance of chondrogenic phenotype of ACs, and induced chondrogenesis of ASCs. Moreover, the functional microtissue aggregates of AC- or ASC-laden CEDPs induced equal levels of superior hyaline cartilage repair in a rabbit model. Therefore, our study demonstrated an alternative method for chondrocyte culture and stem cell differentiation, and a promising strategy for constructing tissue-engineered cartilage microtissues for in vivo articular cartilage repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyong Yin
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China; Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Xun Sun
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, No. 406 Jiefang Nan Road, Tianjin 300211, PR China
| | - Ganghua Cui
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Peng Chen
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Yichi Xu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Xueling Yuan
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Haoye Meng
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Aiyuan Wang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Shibi Lu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China.
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Dubey NK, Mishra VK, Dubey R, Deng YH, Tsai FC, Deng WP. Revisiting the Advances in Isolation, Characterization and Secretome of Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082200. [PMID: 30060511 PMCID: PMC6121360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) seems to be a promising regenerative therapeutic agent due to the minimally invasive approach of their harvest and multi-lineage differentiation potential. The harvested adipose tissues are further digested to extract stromal vascular fraction (SVF), which is cultured, and the anchorage-dependent cells are isolated in order to characterize their stemness, surface markers, and multi-differentiation potential. The differentiation potential of ASCs is directed through manipulating culture medium composition with an introduction of growth factors to obtain the desired cell type. ASCs have been widely studied for its regenerative therapeutic solution to neurologic, skin, wound, muscle, bone, and other disorders. These therapeutic outcomes of ASCs are achieved possibly via autocrine and paracrine effects of their secretome comprising of cytokines, extracellular proteins and RNAs. Therefore, secretome-derivatives might offer huge advantages over cells through their synthesis and storage for long-term use. When considering the therapeutic significance and future prospects of ASCs, this review summarizes the recent developments made in harvesting, isolation, and characterization. Furthermore, this article also provides a deeper insight into secretome of ASCs mediating regenerative efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kumar Dubey
- Ceramics and Biomaterials Research Group, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Viraj Krishna Mishra
- Applied Biotech Engineering Centre (ABEC), Department of Biotechnology, Ambala College of Engineering and Applied Research, Ambala 133101, India.
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Graduate Institute Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Chou Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Basic medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
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49
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Pak J, Lee JH, Pak N, Pak Y, Park KS, Jeon JH, Jeong BC, Lee SH. Cartilage Regeneration in Humans with Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells and Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells: Updated Status. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072146. [PMID: 30041472 PMCID: PMC6073159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) in the form of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and cultured expansion have been applied in clinical settings in some countries to treat osteoarthritis (OA) of knees, one of the most common debilitating, incurable disorders. Since the first report of successful cartilage-like tissue regeneration with autologous adipose SVF containing ASCs, there has been a gradual increase in the number of publications confirming such results. Thus far, most of the reports have been limited to treatments of OA of knees. Recently, successful applications of adipose SVF in treating OA of ankles and hips have been reported. In addition, several groups have reported modified methods of applying adipose SVF, such as combining bone marrow stimulation with adipose SVF or adding additional extracellular matrix (ECM) in treating OA. Here, we present an updated, systematic review of clinical effectiveness and safety in treating OA of knees, ankles, and one hip since 2016 using ASCs in the form of adipose SVF or in cultured expansion, along with a description and suggestion of potential biological mechanisms of cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo Pak
- Mipro Medical Clinic, 32-3 Chungdamdong, Gangnamgu, Seoul 06068, Korea.
| | - Jung Hun Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 116 Myongjiro, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
| | - Natalie Pak
- Mipro Medical Clinic, 32-3 Chungdamdong, Gangnamgu, Seoul 06068, Korea.
| | - Yoon Pak
- First Medical Center, 11841 South St., Cerritos, CA 90703, USA.
| | - Kwang Seung Park
- National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 116 Myongjiro, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
| | - Jeong Ho Jeon
- National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 116 Myongjiro, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
| | - Byeong Chul Jeong
- National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 116 Myongjiro, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 116 Myongjiro, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
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50
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Stuckensen K, Schwab A, Knauer M, Muiños-López E, Ehlicke F, Reboredo J, Granero-Moltó F, Gbureck U, Prósper F, Walles H, Groll J. Tissue Mimicry in Morphology and Composition Promotes Hierarchical Matrix Remodeling of Invading Stem Cells in Osteochondral and Meniscus Scaffolds. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706754. [PMID: 29847704 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An integral approach toward in situ tissue engineering through scaffolds that mimic tissue with regard to both tissue architecture and biochemical composition is presented. Monolithic osteochondral and meniscus scaffolds are prepared with tissue analog layered biochemical composition and perpendicularly oriented continuous micropores by a newly developed cryostructuring technology. These scaffolds enable rapid cell ingrowth and induce zonal-specific matrix synthesis of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells solely through their design without the need for supplementation of soluble factors such as growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Stuckensen
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schwab
- Department Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Knauer
- Department Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Emma Muiños-López
- Experimental Orthopaedics Laboratory and Cell Therapy Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Franziska Ehlicke
- Department Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Reboredo
- Department Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Froilán Granero-Moltó
- Experimental Orthopaedics Laboratory and Cell Therapy Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Experimental Orthopaedics Laboratory and Cell Therapy Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Heike Walles
- Department Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies, ISC, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
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