1
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Snyder Y, Jana S. Strategies for Development of Synthetic Heart Valve Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 2023; 139:101173. [PMID: 37981978 PMCID: PMC10655624 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The current clinical solutions, including mechanical and bioprosthetic valves for valvular heart diseases, are plagued by coagulation, calcification, nondurability, and the inability to grow with patients. The tissue engineering approach attempts to resolve these shortcomings by producing heart valve scaffolds that may deliver patients a life-long solution. Heart valve scaffolds serve as a three-dimensional support structure made of biocompatible materials that provide adequate porosity for cell infiltration, and nutrient and waste transport, sponsor cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, and allow for extracellular matrix production that together contributes to the generation of functional neotissue. The foundation of successful heart valve tissue engineering is replicating native heart valve architecture, mechanics, and cellular attributes through appropriate biomaterials and scaffold designs. This article reviews biomaterials, the fabrication of heart valve scaffolds, and their in-vitro and in-vivo evaluations applied for heart valve tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Snyder
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Soumen Jana
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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2
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Millet M, Bollmann E, Ringuette Goulet C, Bernard G, Chabaud S, Huot MÉ, Pouliot F, Bolduc S, Bordeleau F. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in a 3D Engineered Tissue Model Induce Tumor-like Matrix Stiffening and EMT Transition. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153810. [PMID: 35954473 PMCID: PMC9367573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The physical properties of a tumor, such as stiffness, are important drivers of tumor progression. However, current in vitro tumor models fail to recapitulate the full range of physical properties observed in solid tumors. Here, we proposed a 3D self-assembly engineered bladder model using cancer-associated fibroblasts in which stromal cells produce their extracellular matrix. We then proceeded to assess how our model recapitulates biological and mechanical features found in tumors. We confirmed that stroma assembled by cancer-associated fibroblasts have increased extracellular matrix content and display increased remodeling and higher stiffness. Moreover, normal urothelial cells seeded on the tumor model displayed a mechanotransduction response, increased cell proliferation, cell infiltration within stroma, and displayed features of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Altogether, we demonstrated that our cancer-associated fibroblast-derived tumor stroma recapitulates several biological and physical features expected from a tumor-like environment and, thus, provides the basis for more accurate cancer models. Abstract A tumor microenvironment is characterized by its altered mechanical properties. However, most models remain unable to faithfully recreate the mechanical properties of a tumor. Engineered models based on the self-assembly method have the potential to better recapitulate the stroma architecture and composition. Here, we used the self-assembly method based on a bladder tissue model to engineer a tumor-like environment. The tissue-engineered tumor models were reconstituted from stroma-derived healthy primary fibroblasts (HFs) induced into cancer-associated fibroblast cells (iCAFs) along with an urothelium overlay. The iCAFs-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) composition was found to be stiffer, with increased ECM deposition and remodeling. The urothelial cells overlaid on the iCAFs-derived ECM were more contractile, as measured by quantitative polarization microscopy, and displayed increased YAP nuclear translocation. We further showed that the proliferation and expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker in the urothelial cells correlate with the increased stiffness of the iCAFs-derived ECM. Our data showed an increased expression of EMT markers within the urothelium on the iCAFs-derived ECM. Together, our results demonstrate that our tissue-engineered tumor model can achieve stiffness levels comparable to that of a bladder tumor, while triggering a tumor-like response from the urothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martial Millet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Enola Bollmann
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Cassandra Ringuette Goulet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Regenerative Medicine Division), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Geneviève Bernard
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Regenerative Medicine Division), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Regenerative Medicine Division), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Marc-Étienne Huot
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Frédéric Pouliot
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Regenerative Medicine Division), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - François Bordeleau
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 15554)
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Kawecki F, Gluais M, Claverol S, Dusserre N, McAllister T, L'Heureux N. Inter-donor variability of extracellular matrix production in long-term cultures of human fibroblasts. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3935-3950. [PMID: 35700514 PMCID: PMC9275472 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01933c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several tissue engineering approaches are based on the ability of mesenchymal cells to endogenously synthesize an extracellular matrix (ECM) in vitro, which can be seen as a form of biomaterial. Accordingly, the inter-donor variability of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (CAM) production is a key parameter to understand in order to progress towards clinical applications, especially for autologous strategies. In this study, CAMs were produced, under good manufacturing process conditions, from skin fibroblasts of 21 patients as part of a clinical trial to evaluate a tissue-engineered vascular graft. The inter-donor variability of CAM strength, thickness, hydroxyproline, and glycosaminoglycan was substantial (coefficient of variability of 33%, 19%, 24%, and 19%, respectively), but a significant correlation was observed between all four properties (Pearson r: 0.43 to 0.70; p-value ≤ 0.05). A CAM matrisome analysis, performed by mass spectrometry, revealed the presence of 70 ECM-related proteins. Our study shows that the relative abundance of 16 proteins (15 non-collagenous) correlated with CAM thickness. These proteins also correlated with CAM hydroxyproline content, as well as 21 other proteins that included fibrillar collagens and non-collagenous proteins. However, data demonstrated that only the relative abundance of type I collagen subunit alpha-1 was correlated to CAM strength. This study is the most extensive evaluation of CAM inter-donor variability to date and will help tissue engineers working with this type of biomaterial to design strategies that take into account this variability, especially for autologous tissue manufacturing. Several tissue engineering approaches are based on the ability of mesenchymal cells to endogenously synthesize an extracellular matrix (ECM) in vitro, which can be seen as a form of biomaterial.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Kawecki
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, BioTis, UMR1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Maude Gluais
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, BioTis, UMR1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Stéphane Claverol
- Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Plateforme Protéome, University of Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
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4
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Karakaya C, van Asten JGM, Ristori T, Sahlgren CM, Loerakker S. Mechano-regulated cell-cell signaling in the context of cardiovascular tissue engineering. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 21:5-54. [PMID: 34613528 PMCID: PMC8807458 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01521-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular tissue engineering (CVTE) aims to create living tissues, with the ability to grow and remodel, as replacements for diseased blood vessels and heart valves. Despite promising results, the (long-term) functionality of these engineered tissues still needs improvement to reach broad clinical application. The functionality of native tissues is ensured by their specific mechanical properties directly arising from tissue organization. We therefore hypothesize that establishing a native-like tissue organization is vital to overcome the limitations of current CVTE approaches. To achieve this aim, a better understanding of the growth and remodeling (G&R) mechanisms of cardiovascular tissues is necessary. Cells are the main mediators of tissue G&R, and their behavior is strongly influenced by both mechanical stimuli and cell-cell signaling. An increasing number of signaling pathways has also been identified as mechanosensitive. As such, they may have a key underlying role in regulating the G&R of tissues in response to mechanical stimuli. A more detailed understanding of mechano-regulated cell-cell signaling may thus be crucial to advance CVTE, as it could inspire new methods to control tissue G&R and improve the organization and functionality of engineered tissues, thereby accelerating clinical translation. In this review, we discuss the organization and biomechanics of native cardiovascular tissues; recent CVTE studies emphasizing the obtained engineered tissue organization; and the interplay between mechanical stimuli, cell behavior, and cell-cell signaling. In addition, we review past contributions of computational models in understanding and predicting mechano-regulated tissue G&R and cell-cell signaling to highlight their potential role in future CVTE strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Karakaya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jordy G M van Asten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands. .,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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5
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Genitourinary Tissue Engineering: Reconstruction and Research Models. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8070099. [PMID: 34356206 PMCID: PMC8301202 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8070099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an emerging field of research that initially aimed to produce 3D tissues to bypass the lack of adequate tissues for the repair or replacement of deficient organs. The basis of tissue engineering protocols is to create scaffolds, which can have a synthetic or natural origin, seeded or not with cells. At the same time, more and more studies have indicated the low clinic translation rate of research realised using standard cell culture conditions, i.e., cells on plastic surfaces or using animal models that are too different from humans. New models are needed to mimic the 3D organisation of tissue and the cells themselves and the interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix. In this regard, urology and gynaecology fields are of particular interest. The urethra and vagina can be sites suffering from many pathologies without currently adequate treatment options. Due to the specific organisation of the human urethral/bladder and vaginal epithelium, current research models remain poorly representative. In this review, the anatomy, the current pathologies, and the treatments will be described before focusing on producing tissues and research models using tissue engineering. An emphasis is made on the self-assembly approach, which allows tissue production without the need for biomaterials.
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6
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Camasão DB, González-Pérez M, Palladino S, Alonso M, Rodríguez-Cabello JC, Mantovani D. Elastin-like recombinamers in collagen-based tubular gels improve cell-mediated remodeling and viscoelastic properties. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:3536-3548. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00292e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The partial substitution of collagen with elastin-like recombinamers in tubular gels improves cell-mediated remodeling, elastic moduli and strength during maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitria Bonizol Camasão
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering
- Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery
- Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering
- Research Center of CHU de Québec
- Division of Regenerative Medicine
| | - Miguel González-Pérez
- BIOFORGE (Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology)
- CIBER-BBN
- University of Valladolid
- 47011 Valladolid
- Spain
| | - Sara Palladino
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering
- Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery
- Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering
- Research Center of CHU de Québec
- Division of Regenerative Medicine
| | - Matilde Alonso
- BIOFORGE (Group for Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology)
- CIBER-BBN
- University of Valladolid
- 47011 Valladolid
- Spain
| | | | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering
- Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery
- Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering
- Research Center of CHU de Québec
- Division of Regenerative Medicine
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7
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Boyd R, Parisi F, Kalfa D. State of the Art: Tissue Engineering in Congenital Heart Surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 31:807-817. [PMID: 31176798 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is the leading cause of death secondary to congenital abnormalities in the United States and the incidence has increased significantly over the last 50 years. For those defects requiring surgical repair, bioprosthetic xenografts, allografts, and synthetic materials have traditionally been used. However, none of these modalities offer the potential for growth and accommodation within the pediatric population. Tissue engineering has been an area of great interest in a variety of cardiac applications as an innovative solution to create a product that can grow and regenerate within the body over time. Over the last 30 years, the original tissue engineering paradigm of a scaffold seeded with cells and cultured in a bioreactor has been expanded upon to include innovative methods of decellularization and production of "off-the-shelf" tissue-engineered products capable of in situ host cell repopulation. Despite progress in conceptual design and promising clinical results, widespread use of tissue-engineered products remains limited due to both regulatory and ongoing scientific challenges. Here, we describe the current state of the art with regards to in vitro, in vivo, and in situ tissue engineering as applicable within the field of congenital heart surgery and provide a brief overview of challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Boyd
- Division of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Section of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, New-York Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Frank Parisi
- Division of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Section of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, New-York Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - David Kalfa
- Division of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Section of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, New-York Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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8
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Duan B, Xu C, Das S, Chen JM, Butcher JT. Spatial Regulation of Valve Interstitial Cell Phenotypes within Three-Dimensional Micropatterned Hydrogels. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:1416-1425. [PMID: 33405617 PMCID: PMC10951959 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the third leading cause of cardiovascular disease. CAVD exhibits progressive disruption of the normally highly organized and aligned extracellular matrix (ECM) structure within the valve leaflets simultaneously with myofibroblastic and/or osteogenic differentiation of indigenous endogenous valve interstitial cells (VIC). It is unclear how the alignment of VIC within their 3D microenvironment drives VIC phenotype or how alignment affects cellular responses to biochemical cues in physiological or pathological conditions. In this study, we implement a photolithographic technique to control the alignment and elongation of both normal and diseased human aortic VIC (HAVIC) within microengineered 3D hydrogels consisting of methacrylated hyaluronic acid and methacrylated gelatin. Stripe micropatterning created distinct alignment of HAVIC within a 3D culture system, which promoted spreading and enhanced their activation and osteogenic differentiation in pro-osteogenic conditions. HAVIC from a patient with CAVD exhibited greater susceptibility to myofibroblastic and osteogenic differentiation in culture. The roles of conjugated basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) and RhoA/ROCK pathway in regulating HAVIC phenotypes were also investigated in the presence of aligned microtopography. The addition of bFGF was preventative to osteogenic differentiation for healthy HAVIC; however, it promoted osteogenic differentiation in diseased HAVIC. Inhibition of the ROCK pathway only decreased osteogenic differentiation for diseased HAVIC in the aligned formation. Collectively, these results improve our knowledge of the effects that VIC alignment has on VIC phenotypes and valve disease progression. The cell culture platform also enables a better understanding of the interplay between topography, biochemical cues, and VIC differentiation and provides information useful for directing differentiation as well as valve tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Duan
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Charlie Xu
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Shoshana Das
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Jonathan T. Butcher
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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9
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Jana S, Lerman A. Behavior of valvular interstitial cells on trilayered nanofibrous substrate mimicking morphologies of heart valve leaflet. Acta Biomater 2019; 85:142-156. [PMID: 30528607 PMCID: PMC6347416 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Heart valve tissue engineering could be an alternative to the current bioprosthetic heart valve that faces limitations especially in pediatric patients. However, heart valve tissue engineering has remained challenging because leaflets - the primary component of a heart valve - have three layers with three diverse orientations - circumferential, random and radial, respectively. In order to mimic the orientations, we first designed three novel collectors to fabricate three nanofibrous layers with those orientations from a polymeric biomaterial in an electrospinning system. Then, we devised a novel direct electrospinning technique to develop a unified trilayered nanofibrous (TN) substrate comprising those oriented layers. The TN substrate supported the growth and orientations of seeded porcine valvular interstitial cells (PVICs) and their deposited collagen fibrils. After one month culture, the obtained trilayered tissue construct (TC) exhibited increased tensile properties over its TN substrate. Most importantly, the developed TC did not show any sign of shrinkage. Gene expression pattern of the PVICs indicated the developing stage of the TC. Their protein expression pattern was quite similar to that of leaflets. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This manuscript talks about development of a novel trilayered nanofibrous substrate mimicking the morphologies of a heart valve leaflet. It also describes culturing of valvular interstitial cells that reside in a leaflet, in the substrate and compares the behavior of the cultured cells with that in native leaflets in terms cell morphology, protein deposition and its orientation, and molecular signature. This study builds the groundwork for our future trilayered, tissue-engineered leaflet development. This research article would be of great interest to investigators and researchers in the field of cardiovascular tissue engineering especially in cardiac valve tissue engineering through biomaterial-based tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Jana
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Amir Lerman
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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10
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Engineering Tissues without the Use of a Synthetic Scaffold: A Twenty-Year History of the Self-Assembly Method. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5684679. [PMID: 29707571 PMCID: PMC5863296 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5684679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Twenty years ago, Dr. François A. Auger, the founder of the Laboratory of Experimental Organogenesis (LOEX), introduced the self-assembly technique. This innovative technique relies on the ability of dermal fibroblasts to produce and assemble their own extracellular matrix, differing from all other tissue-engineering techniques that use preformed synthetic scaffolds. Nevertheless, the use of the self-assembly technique was limited for a long time due to its main drawbacks: time and cost. Recent scientific breakthroughs have addressed these limitations. New protocol modifications that aim at increasing the rate of extracellular matrix formation have been proposed to reduce the production costs and laboratory handling time of engineered tissues. Moreover, the introduction of vascularization strategies in vitro permits the formation of capillary-like networks within reconstructed tissues. These optimization strategies enable the large-scale production of inexpensive native-like substitutes using the self-assembly technique. These substitutes can be used to reconstruct three-dimensional models free of exogenous materials for clinical and fundamental applications.
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11
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Yajima Y, Yamada M, Utoh R, Seki M. Collagen Microparticle-Mediated 3D Cell Organization: A Facile Route to Bottom-up Engineering of Thick and Porous Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:2144-2154. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Yajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33
Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masumi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33
Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Rie Utoh
- Department of Applied Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33
Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Minoru Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33
Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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12
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Fioretta ES, Dijkman PE, Emmert MY, Hoerstrup SP. The future of heart valve replacement: recent developments and translational challenges for heart valve tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e323-e335. [PMID: 27696730 DOI: 10.1002/term.2326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heart valve replacement is often the only solution for patients suffering from valvular heart disease. However, currently available valve replacements require either life-long anticoagulation or are associated with valve degeneration and calcification. Moreover, they are suboptimal for young patients, because they do not adapt to the somatic growth. Tissue-engineering has been proposed as a promising approach to fulfil the urgent need for heart valve replacements with regenerative and growth capacity. This review will start with an overview on the currently available valve substitutes and the techniques for heart valve replacement. The main focus will be on the evolution of and different approaches for heart valve tissue engineering, namely the in vitro, in vivo and in situ approaches. More specifically, several heart valve tissue-engineering studies will be discussed with regard to their shortcomings or successes and their possible suitability for novel minimally invasive implantation techniques. As in situ heart valve tissue engineering based on cell-free functionalized starter materials is considered to be a promising approach for clinical translation, this review will also analyse the techniques used to tune the inflammatory response and cell recruitment upon implantation in order to stir a favourable outcome: controlling the blood-material interface, regulating the cytokine release, and influencing cell adhesion and differentiation. In the last section, the authors provide their opinion about the future developments and the challenges towards clinical translation and adaptation of heart valve tissue engineering for valve replacement. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela S Fioretta
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra E Dijkman
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Y Emmert
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Switzerland.,Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.,Wyss Translational Center Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Switzerland.,Wyss Translational Center Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
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13
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Tissue-Engineered Tubular Heart Valves Combining a Novel Precontraction Phase with the Self-Assembly Method. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 45:427-438. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1708-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Biazar E. Application of polymeric nanofibers in medical designs, part II: Neural and cardiovascular tissues. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2016.1180619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Ryan AJ, Brougham CM, Garciarena CD, Kerrigan SW, O'Brien FJ. Towards 3D in vitro models for the study of cardiovascular tissues and disease. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1437-1445. [PMID: 27117348 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is developing biomimetic biomaterial scaffolds that are showing increasing therapeutic potential for the repair of cardiovascular tissues. However, a major opportunity exists to use them as 3D in vitro models for the study of cardiovascular tissues and disease in addition to drug development and testing. These in vitro models can span the gap between 2D culture and in vivo testing, thus reducing the cost, time, and ethical burden of current approaches. Here, we outline the progress to date and the requirements for the development of ideal in vitro 3D models for blood vessels, heart valves, and myocardial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Ryan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire M Brougham
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, Dublin Institute of Technology, Bolton Street, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Carolina D Garciarena
- Cardiovascular Infection Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Steven W Kerrigan
- Cardiovascular Infection Research Group, School of Pharmacy & Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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16
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Kehl D, Weber B, Hoerstrup SP. Bioengineered living cardiac and venous valve replacements: current status and future prospects. Cardiovasc Pathol 2016; 25:300-305. [PMID: 27167776 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Valvular heart disease remains to be a major cause of death worldwide with increasing prevalence, mortality, and morbidity. Current heart valve replacements are associated with several limitations due to their nonviable nature. In this regard, heart valve tissue engineering has shown to represent a promising concept in order to overcome these limitations and replace diseased cardiac valves with living, autologous constructs. These bioengineered valves hold potential for in situ remodeling, growth, and repair throughout the patient's lifetime without the risk of thromboembolic complications and adverse immune responses. For the fabrication of tissue-engineered heart valves, several concepts have been established, the "classical" in vitro tissue engineering approach, the in situ tissue engineering approach, and alternative approaches including three-dimensional printing and electrospinning. Besides first attempts have been conducted in order to produce a tissue-engineered venous valve for the treatment of deep venous valve insufficiency. Here we review basic principals and current scientific status of valvular tissue engineering, including a critical discussion and outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Kehl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Center for Therapy Development/Good Manufacturing Practice, Moussonstrasse 13, CH-8044 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt Weber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Center for Therapy Development/Good Manufacturing Practice, Moussonstrasse 13, CH-8044 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Philipp Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Center for Therapy Development/Good Manufacturing Practice, Moussonstrasse 13, CH-8044 Zurich, Switzerland.
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17
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Sanders B, Loerakker S, Fioretta ES, Bax DJP, Driessen-Mol A, Hoerstrup SP, Baaijens FPT. Improved Geometry of Decellularized Tissue Engineered Heart Valves to Prevent Leaflet Retraction. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 44:1061-71. [PMID: 26183964 PMCID: PMC4826662 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1386-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies on decellularized tissue engineered heart valves (DTEHVs) showed rapid host cell repopulation and increased valvular insufficiency developing over time, associated with leaflet shortening. A possible explanation for this result was found using computational simulations, which revealed radial leaflet compression in the original valvular geometry when subjected to physiological pressure conditions. Therefore, an improved geometry was suggested to enable radial leaflet extension to counteract for host cell mediated retraction. In this study, we propose a solution to impose this new geometry by using a constraining bioreactor insert during culture. Human cell based DTEHVs (n = 5) were produced as such, resulting in an enlarged coaptation area and profound belly curvature. Extracellular matrix was homogeneously distributed, with circumferential collagen alignment in the coaptation region and global tissue anisotropy. Based on in vitro functionality experiments, these DTEHVs showed competent hydrodynamic functionality under physiological pulmonary conditions and were fatigue resistant, with stable functionality up to 16 weeks in vivo simulation. Based on implemented mechanical data, our computational models revealed a considerable decrease in radial tissue compression with the obtained geometrical adjustments. Therefore, these improved DTEHV are expected to be less prone to host cell mediated leaflet retraction and will remain competent after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Sanders
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Emanuela S Fioretta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Dave J P Bax
- Equipment & Prototype Center, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Driessen-Mol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Swiss Center for Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank P T Baaijens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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18
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Cheung DY, Duan B, Butcher JT. Current progress in tissue engineering of heart valves: multiscale problems, multiscale solutions. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015; 15:1155-72. [PMID: 26027436 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1051527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart valve disease is an increasingly prevalent and clinically serious condition. There are no clinically effective biological diagnostics or treatment strategies. The only recourse available is replacement with a prosthetic valve, but the inability of these devices to grow or respond biologically to their environments necessitates multiple resizing surgeries and life-long coagulation treatment, especially in children. Tissue engineering has a unique opportunity to impact heart valve disease by providing a living valve conduit, capable of growth and biological integration. AREAS COVERED This review will cover current tissue engineering strategies in fabricating heart valves and their progress towards the clinic, including molded scaffolds using naturally derived or synthetic polymers, decellularization, electrospinning, 3D bioprinting, hybrid techniques, and in vivo engineering. EXPERT OPINION Whereas much progress has been made to create functional living heart valves, a clinically viable product is not yet realized. The next leap in engineered living heart valves will require a deeper understanding of how the natural multi-scale structural and biological heterogeneity of the tissue ensures its efficient function. Related, improved fabrication strategies must be developed that can replicate this de novo complexity, which is likely instructive for appropriate cell differentiation and remodeling whether seeded with autologous stem cells in vitro or endogenously recruited cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y Cheung
- Cornell University, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Ithaca, NY , USA
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Bioengineering Strategies for Polymeric Scaffold for Tissue Engineering an Aortic Heart Valve: An Update. Int J Artif Organs 2014; 37:651-67. [DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of dysfunctional aortic valves is increasing every year, and current replacement heart valves, although having been shown to be clinically successful, are only short-term solutions and suffer from many agonizing long-term drawbacks. The tissue engineering of heart valves is recognized as one of the most promising answers for aortic valve disease therapy, but overcoming current shortcomings will require multidisciplinary efforts. The use of a polymeric scaffold to guide the growth of the tissue is the most common approach to generate a new tissue for an aortic heart valve. However, optimizing the design of the scaffold, in terms of biocompatibility, surface morphology for cell attachments and the correct rate of degradation is critical in creating a viable tissue-engineered aortic heart valve. This paper highlights the bioengineering strategies that need to be followed to construct a polymeric scaffold of sufficient mechanical integrity, with superior surface morphologies, that is capable of mimicking the valve dynamics in vivo. The current challenges and future directions of research for creating tissue-engineered aortic heart valves are also discussed.
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