1
|
Schwarz N, Yadegari H. Potentials of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells: Applications in Hemostasis and Thrombosis Disorders, from Unveiling Disease Pathophysiology to Cell Therapy. Hamostaseologie 2023; 43:325-337. [PMID: 37857295 DOI: 10.1055/a-2101-5936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are endothelial progenitor cells circulating in a limited number in peripheral blood. They can give rise to mature endothelial cells (ECs) and, with intrinsically high proliferative potency, contribute to forming new blood vessels and restoring the damaged endothelium in vivo. ECFCs can be isolated from peripheral blood or umbilical cord and cultured to generate large amounts of autologous ECs in vitro. Upon differentiation in culture, ECFCs are excellent surrogates for mature ECs showing the same phenotypic, genotypic, and functional features. In the last two decades, the ECFCs from various vascular disease patients have been widely used to study the diseases' pathophysiology ex vivo and develop cell-based therapeutic approaches, including vascular regenerative therapy, tissue engineering, and gene therapy. In the current review, we will provide an updated overview of past studies, which have used ECFCs to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hemostatic disorders in basic research. Additionally, we summarize preceding studies demonstrating the utility of ECFCs as cellular tools for diagnostic or therapeutic clinical applications in thrombosis and hemostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Schwarz
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hamideh Yadegari
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shahriari S, Selvaganapathy PR. Integration of hydrogels into microfluidic devices with porous membranes as scaffolds enables their drying and reconstitution. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:054108. [PMID: 36313189 PMCID: PMC9616609 DOI: 10.1063/5.0100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are a critical component of many microfluidic devices. They have been used in cell culture applications, biosensors, gradient generators, separation microdevices, micro-actuators, and microvalves. Various techniques have been utilized to integrate hydrogels into microfluidic devices such as flow confinement and gel photopolymerization. However, in these methods, hydrogels are typically introduced in post processing steps which add complexity, cost, and extensive fabrication steps to the integration process and can be prone to user induced variations. Here, we introduce an inexpensive method to locally integrate hydrogels into microfluidic devices during the fabrication process without the need for post-processing. In this method, porous and fibrous membranes such as electrospun membranes are used as scaffolds to hold gels and they are patterned using xurography. Hydrogels in various shapes as small as 200 μm can be patterned using this method in a scalable manner. The electrospun scaffold facilitates drying and reconstitution of these gels without loss of shape or leakage that is beneficial in a number of applications. Such reconstitution is not feasible using other hydrogel integration techniques. Therefore, this method is suitable for long time storage of hydrogels in devices which is useful in point-of-care (POC) devices. This hydrogel integration method was used to demonstrate gel electrophoretic concentration and quantification of short DNA (150 bp) with different concentrations in rehydrated agarose embedded in electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) membrane. This can be developed further to create a POC device to quantify cell-free DNA, which is a prognostic biomarker for severe sepsis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Shahriari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mak A, Chan JKY. Endothelial function and endothelial progenitor cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:286-300. [PMID: 35393604 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The observations that traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors fail to fully account for the excessive cardiovascular mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with the general population have prompted in-depth investigations of non-traditional, SLE-related risk factors that contribute to cardiovascular complications in patients with SLE. Of the various perturbations of vascular physiology, endothelial dysfunction, which is believed to occur in the earliest step of atherosclerosis, has been extensively investigated for its contribution to CVD risk in SLE. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which play a crucial part in vascular repair, neovascularization and maintenance of endothelial function, are quantitatively and functionally reduced in patients with SLE. Yet, the lack of a unified definition of EPCs, standardization of the quantity and functional assessment of EPCs as well as endothelial function measurement pose challenges to the translation of endothelial function measurements and EPC levels into prognostic markers for CVD in patients with SLE. This Review discusses factors that contribute to CVD in SLE, with particular focus on how endothelial function and EPCs are evaluated currently, and how EPCs are quantitatively and functionally altered in patients with SLE. Potential strategies for the use of endothelial function measurements and EPC quantification as prognostic markers of CVD in patients with SLE, and the limitations of their prognostication potential, are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anselm Mak
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Division of Rheumatology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Academic Clinical Programme in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Blood vessel formation is a key feature in physiologic and pathologic processes. Once considered a homogeneous cell population that functions as a passive physical barrier between blood and tissue, endothelial cells (ECs) are now recognized to be quite "heterogeneous." While numerous attempts to enhance endothelial repair and replacement have been attempted using so called "endothelial progenitor cells" it is now clear that a better understanding of the origin, location, and activation of stem and progenitor cells of the resident vascular endothelium is required before attempting exogenous cell therapy approaches. This chapter provides an overview for performance of single-cell clonogenic studies of human umbilical cord blood circulating endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC) that represent distinct precursors for the endothelial lineage with vessel forming potential.
Collapse
|
5
|
Schreier S, Triampo W. The Blood Circulating Rare Cell Population. What is it and What is it Good For? Cells 2020; 9:cells9040790. [PMID: 32218149 PMCID: PMC7226460 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood contains a diverse cell population of low concentration hematopoietic as well as non-hematopoietic cells. The majority of such rare cells may be bone marrow-derived progenitor and stem cells. This paucity of circulating rare cells, in particular in the peripheral circulation, has led many to believe that bone marrow as well as other organ-related cell egress into the circulation is a response to pathological conditions. Little is known about this, though an increasing body of literature can be found suggesting commonness of certain rare cell types in the peripheral blood under physiological conditions. Thus, the isolation and detection of circulating rare cells appears to be merely a technological problem. Knowledge about rare cell types that may circulate the blood stream will help to advance the field of cell-based liquid biopsy by supporting inter-platform comparability, making use of biological correct cutoffs and “mining” new biomarkers and combinations thereof in clinical diagnosis and therapy. Therefore, this review intends to lay ground for a comprehensive analysis of the peripheral blood rare cell population given the necessity to target a broader range of cell types for improved biomarker performance in cell-based liquid biopsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schreier
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Wannapong Triampo
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Colunga T, Dalton S. Building Blood Vessels with Vascular Progenitor Cells. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:630-641. [PMID: 29802036 PMCID: PMC6050017 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vascular progenitor cells have been identified from perivascular cell fractions and peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear fractions. These vascular progenitors share the ability to generate some of the vascular lineages, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes. The potential therapeutic uses for vascular progenitor cells are broad and relate to stroke, ischemic disease, and to the engineering of whole organs and tissues that require a vascular component. This review summarizes the best-characterized sources of vascular progenitor cells and discusses advances in 3D printing and electrospinning using blended polymers for the creation of biomimetic vascular grafts. These advances are pushing the field of regenerative medicine closer to the creation of small-diameter vascular grafts with long-term clinical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Colunga
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Stephen Dalton
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 325 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Antfolk M, Laurell T. Continuous flow microfluidic separation and processing of rare cells and bioparticles found in blood – A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 965:9-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
8
|
Medina RJ, Barber CL, Sabatier F, Dignat‐George F, Melero‐Martin JM, Khosrotehrani K, Ohneda O, Randi AM, Chan JK, Yamaguchi T, Van Hinsbergh VW, Yoder MC, Stitt AW. Endothelial Progenitors: A Consensus Statement on Nomenclature. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1316-1320. [PMID: 28296182 PMCID: PMC5442722 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) nomenclature remains ambiguous and there is a general lack of concordance in the stem cell field with many distinct cell subtypes continually grouped under the term "EPC." It would be highly advantageous to agree on standards to confirm an endothelial progenitor phenotype and this should include detailed immunophenotyping, potency assays, and clear separation from hematopoietic angiogenic cells which are not endothelial progenitors. In this review, we seek to discourage the indiscriminate use of "EPCs," and instead propose precise terminology based on defining cellular phenotype and function. Endothelial colony forming cells and myeloid angiogenic cells are examples of two distinct and well-defined cell types that have been considered EPCs because they both promote vascular repair, albeit by completely different mechanisms of action. It is acknowledged that scientific nomenclature should be a dynamic process driven by technological and conceptual advances; ergo the ongoing "EPC" nomenclature ought not to be permanent and should become more precise in the light of strong scientific evidence. This is especially important as these cells become recognized for their role in vascular repair in health and disease and, in some cases, progress toward use in cell therapy. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1316-1320.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhold J. Medina
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom
| | - Chad L. Barber
- Department of Biology, California Lutheran UniversityThousand OaksCaliforniaUSA
| | - Florence Sabatier
- Vascular Research Centre Marseille, INSERM, Aix Marseille UniversitéMarseilleFrance
| | | | - Juan M. Melero‐Martin
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryBoston Children's HospitalMassachusettsUSA
- Department of SurgeryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Stem Cell InstituteCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kiarash Khosrotehrani
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical ResearchHerstonQueenslandAustralia
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research InstituteWoolloongabbaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Osamu Ohneda
- Lab of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell BiologyUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Anna M. Randi
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI) Vascular Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jerry K.Y. Chan
- Department of Reproductive MedicineKK Women's and Children's HospitalSingapore
| | | | - Victor W.M. Van Hinsbergh
- Department of PhysiologyInstitute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mervin C. Yoder
- Department of PediatricsIndiana University School of Medicine, IndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Alan W. Stitt
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kang KT, Lin RZ, Kuppermann D, Melero-Martin JM, Bischoff J. Endothelial colony forming cells and mesenchymal progenitor cells form blood vessels and increase blood flow in ischemic muscle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:770. [PMID: 28396600 PMCID: PMC5429692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we investigated whether endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) and mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPC) form vascular networks and restore blood flow in ischemic skeletal muscle, and whether host myeloid cells play a role. ECFC + MPC, ECFC alone, MPC alone, or vehicle alone were injected into the hind limb ischemic muscle one day after ligation of femoral artery and vein. At day 5, hind limbs injected with ECFC + MPC showed greater blood flow recovery compared with ECFC, MPC, or vehicle. Tail vein injection of human endothelial specific Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I demonstrated an increased number of perfused human vessels in ECFC + MPC compared with ECFC. In vivo bioluminescence imaging showed ECFC persisted for 14 days in ECFC + MPC-injected hind limbs. Flow cytometric analysis of ischemic muscles at day 2 revealed increased myeloid lineage cells in ECFC + MPC-injected muscles compared to vehicle-injected muscles. Neutrophils declined by day 7, while the number of myeloid cells, macrophages, and monocytes did not. Systemic myeloid cell depletion with anti-Gr-1 antibody blocked the improved blood flow observed with ECFC + MPC and reduced ECFC and MPC retention. Our data suggest that ECFC + MPC delivery could be used to reestablish blood flow in ischemic tissues, and this may be enhanced by coordinated recruitment of host myeloid cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Tae Kang
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Pharmacy building (Room 423), 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ruei-Zeng Lin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David Kuppermann
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan M Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Souidi N, Stolk M, Rudeck J, Strunk D, Schallmoser K, Volk HD, Seifert M. Stromal Cells Act as Guardians for Endothelial Progenitors by Reducing Their Immunogenicity After Co-Transplantation. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1233-1245. [PMID: 28100035 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration of injured tissues requires effective therapeutic strategies supporting vasculogenesis. The lack of instantly available autologous cell sources and immunogenicity of allogeneic endothelial (progenitor) cells limits clinical progress. Based on the immunosuppressive potency of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs), we investigated whether crosstalk between endothelial colony-forming progenitor cells (ECFCs) and MSCs during vasculogenesis could lower allogeneic T cell responses against ECFCs allowing long-term engraftment in vivo. Immunodeficient mice received subcutaneous grafts containing human ECFCs alone, or pairs of human ECFCs/MSCs from the same umbilical cord (UC) to study vasculogenesis in the presence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In vitro, cell surface marker changes due to interferon gamma (IFNγ) stimulation during ECFC/MSC coculture were determined and further effects on allostimulated T cell proliferation and cytotoxic lysis were measured. IFNγ-induced HLA-DR expression on ECFCs and MSCs, but both cell types had significantly less HLA-DR in cocultures. ECFC-induced T cell proliferation was abolished after MSC coculture as a result of HLA-DR downregulation and indolamin-2,3-dioxygenase activation. Additionally, allospecific CD8+ T cell-mediated lysis of ECFCs was reduced in cocultures. ECFC/MSC coapplication in immunodeficient mice not only promoted the generation of improved blood vessel architecture after 6 weeks, but also reduced intragraft immune cell infiltration and endothelial HLA-DR expression following PBMC reconstitution. Crosstalk between UC-derived ECFCs and MSCs after combined transplantation can lower the risk of ECFC rejection, thus enabling their coapplication for therapeutic vasculogenesis. Stem Cells 2017;35:1233-1245.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naima Souidi
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meaghan Stolk
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Rudeck
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Strunk
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Cell Therapy, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord & Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Katharina Schallmoser
- Spinal Cord & Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Department for Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Seifert
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Malinovskaya NA, Komleva YK, Salmin VV, Morgun AV, Shuvaev AN, Panina YA, Boitsova EB, Salmina AB. Endothelial Progenitor Cells Physiology and Metabolic Plasticity in Brain Angiogenesis and Blood-Brain Barrier Modeling. Front Physiol 2016; 7:599. [PMID: 27990124 PMCID: PMC5130982 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a considerable interest to the assessment of blood-brain barrier (BBB) development as a part of cerebral angiogenesis developmental program. Embryonic and adult angiogenesis in the brain is governed by the coordinated activity of endothelial progenitor cells, brain microvascular endothelial cells, and non-endothelial cells contributing to the establishment of the BBB (pericytes, astrocytes, neurons). Metabolic and functional plasticity of endothelial progenitor cells controls their timely recruitment, precise homing to the brain microvessels, and efficient support of brain angiogenesis. Deciphering endothelial progenitor cells physiology would provide novel engineering approaches to establish adequate microfluidically-supported BBB models and brain microphysiological systems for translational studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alla B. Salmina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine & Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kong JE, Kahkeshani S, Pushkarsky I, Di Carlo D. Research highlights: micro-engineered therapies. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:4585-4589. [PMID: 25353397 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc90107j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lab on a chip systems have often focused on diagnostic, chemical, and cell analysis applications, however, more recently the scale and/or precision of micro-engineered systems has been applied in developing new therapies. In this issue we highlight recent work using microfluidic and micro-engineered systems in therapeutic applications. We discuss two approaches that use microfluidic precision to address challenges in filtering blood--to both remove unwanted pathogens and toxins and isolate rare cells of interest that have therapeutic potential. In both cases chemically-modified surfaces, a bioengineered mannose binding lectin on magnetic particles and antibody-functionalized reversibly degradable alginate film, provide the functionality to remove (or isolate) target cells of interest. The third paper we highlight generates microscale gels as protective niches for cell-based therapies. Importantly, the microgels are designed to have controlled porosity but also mechanical rigidity to protect housed therapeutic cells, like mesenchymal stem cells. We expect continued progress in micro- & nano-enabled therapies facilitated by the fabrication of new microstructured materials, precise separations, and closed-loop sensing and drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janay Elise Kong
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Box 951600, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhu B, Nahmias Y, Yarmush ML, Murthy SK. Microfluidic Isolation of CD34-Positive Skin Cells Enables Regeneration of Hair and Sebaceous Glands In Vivo. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:1354-62. [PMID: 25205844 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin stem cells resident in the bulge area of hair follicles and at the basal layer of the epidermis are multipotent and able to self-renew when transplanted into full-thickness defects in nude mice. Based on cell surface markers such as CD34 and the α6-integrin, skin stem cells can be extracted from tissue-derived cell suspensions for engraftment using the gold standard cell separation technique of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). This paper describes an alternative separation method using microfluidic devices coated with degradable antibody-functionalized hydrogels. The microfluidic method allows direct injection of tissue digestate (no preprocessing tagging of cells is needed), is fast (45 minutes from injected sample to purified cells), and scalable. This method is used in this study to isolate CD34-positive (CD34+) cells from murine skin tissue digestate, and the functional capability of these cells is demonstrated by transplantation into nude mice using protocols developed by other groups for FACS-sorted cells. Specifically, the transplantation of microfluidic isolated CD34+ cells along with dermal and epidermal cells was observed to generate significant levels of hair follicles and sebaceous glands consistent with those observed previously with FACS-sorted cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beili Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yaakov Nahmias
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Shashi K Murthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| |
Collapse
|