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Molecular Mechanisms in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060918. [PMID: 36980259 PMCID: PMC10047067 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common cause of acquired thyroid dysfunction is autoimmune thyroid disease, which is an organ-specific autoimmune disease with two presentation phenotypes: hyperthyroidism (Graves-Basedow disease) and hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis). Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is distinguished by the presence of autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. Meanwhile, autoantibodies against the TSH receptor have been found in Graves-Basedow disease. Numerous susceptibility genes, as well as epigenetic and environmental factors, contribute to the pathogenesis of both diseases. This review summarizes the most common genetic, epigenetic, and environmental mechanisms involved in autoimmune thyroid disease.
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Lafontaine N, Wilson SG, Walsh JP. DNA Methylation in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:604-613. [PMID: 36420742 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Graves disease and Hashimoto disease form part of the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), to which genetic and environmental factors are recognized contributors. Epigenetics provides a potential link between environmental influences, gene expression, and thyroid autoimmunity. DNA methylation (DNAm) is the best studied epigenetic process, and global hypomethylation of leukocyte DNA is reported in several autoimmune disorders. This review summarizes the current understanding of DNAm in AITD. Targeted DNAm studies of blood samples from AITD patients have reported differential DNAm in the promoter regions of several genes implicated in AITD, including TNF, IFNG, IL2RA, IL6, ICAM1, and PTPN22. In many cases, however, the findings await replication and are unsupported by functional studies to support causal roles in AITD pathogenesis. Furthermore, thyroid hormones affect DNAm, and in many studies confounding by reverse causation has not been considered. Recent studies have shown that DNAm patterns in candidate genes including ITGA6, PRKAA2, and DAPK1 differ between AITD patients from regions with different iodine status, providing a potential mechanism for associations between iodine and AITD. Research focus in the field is moving from candidate gene studies to an epigenome-wide approach. Genome-wide methylation studies of AITD patients have demonstrated multiple differentially methylated positions, including some in immunoregulatory genes such as NOTCH1, HLA-DRB1, TNF, and ICAM1. Large, epigenome-wide studies are required to elucidate the pathophysiological role of DNAm in AITD, with the potential to provide novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lafontaine
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Qu M, Wan S, Wu H, Ren B, Chen Y, Liu L, Shen H. The Whole Blood DNA Methylation Patterns of Extrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway Related Genes in Autoimmune Thyroiditis among Areas with Different Iodine Levels. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-35. [PMID: 35260211 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) has a complex etiology and the susceptibility to it is determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, although these are not yet fully understood. The present research aimed to explore the DNA methylation patterns in whole blood of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway related genes in AIT among areas with different iodine levels. We selected the iodine-fortification areas (IFA), iodine-adequate areas (IAA) and water-based iodine-excess areas (IEA) from Shandong Province of China as survey sites. Totally 176 AIT cases and 176 controls were included. MethylTargetTM and QT-PCR technology were used to detect candidate genes' DNA methylation levels and mRNA expression levels, respectively. We found that DAPK1 DNA methylation levels in AIT cases (especially in female) were significantly higher than controls (t=2.7715, P=0.0059; t=2.4638, P=0.0143 in female). There were differences in DAPK1(t=2.5384, P=0.0121), TNFSF8(t=2.1667, P=0.0334) and TNFAIP8(t=2.5672, P=0.0121) genes methylation between cases and controls with different water iodine levels. The mRNA expression of DAPK1(t=4.329, P<0.001) and TNFAIP8(t=3.775, P<0.001) in the cases were increased. We identified the differences in the DNA methylation status of the extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway related genes between AIT and controls and in different iodine levels areas. The results were verified at the mRNA level. The environmental iodine may affect DNA methylation to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Qu
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- Division of Health Risk Factor Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Siyuan Wan
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Huaiyong Wu
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Bingxuan Ren
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Yao Chen
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Lixiang Liu
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
| | - Hongmei Shen
- Centre for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
- National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University
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Zhou F, Wang X, Wang L, Sun X, Tan G, Wei W, Zheng G, Ma X, Tian D, Yu H. Genetics, Epigenetics, Cellular Immunology, and Gut Microbiota: Emerging Links With Graves' Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:794912. [PMID: 35059400 PMCID: PMC8765724 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.794912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Graves’ disease (GD) is a well-known organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by hyperthyroidism, goiter, and exophthalmos. The incidence of GD is approximately 2.0–3.0% in China and 0.5–2.0% in Western countries. Due to the complex pathogenesis and etiology of GD, current treatment methods have great side effects that seriously endanger human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the pathogenesis of GD. Various studies have shown that genetics, epigenetics, cellular immunology, and gut microbiota are all involved in the development of GD. Genetically, CD25 gene and VDR gene polymorphisms are involved in the development of GD by increasing the ratio of Th17/Treg cells. Epigenetically, miR-23a-3p and lncRNA-MEG3 lead to Th17/Treg imbalance and participate in the progression of GD. Moreover, commensal microbe deletion can disrupt Th17/Treg balance and participate in the occurrence of GD. The imbalance of Th17/Treg cells induced by genetics, epigenetics, and gut microbiota plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of GD. Therefore, this article reviews the role of genetics, epigenetics, cellular immunology, and gut microbiota in the pathogenic mechanism of GD. This may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies and providing promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lingjun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xin Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guiqin Tan
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wenwen Wei
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guangbing Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaomin Ma
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dan Tian
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hongsong Yu
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Kyrgios I, Giza S, Fragou A, Tzimagiorgis G, Galli-Tsinopoulou A. DNA hypermethylation of PTPN22 gene promoter in children and adolescents with Hashimoto thyroiditis. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2131-2138. [PMID: 33751486 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) is an inhibitor of T-cell activation, regulating intracellular signal transduction and thereby being implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). The exact molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to quantitate DNA methylation within the PTPN22 gene promoter in children and adolescents with AITD and healthy controls. METHODS 60 Patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), 25 patients with HT and type 1 diabetes (HT + T1D), 9 patients with Graves' disease (GD) and 55 healthy controls without any individual or family history of autoimmune disease were enrolled. Whole blood DNA extraction, DNA modification using sodium bisulfate and quantification of DNA methylation in the PTPN22 gene promoter, based on melting curve analysis of the selected DNA fragment using a Real-Time PCR assay, were implemented. RESULTS DNA methylation in the PTPN22 gene promoter was found to be significantly higher in HT patients (39.9 ± 3.1%) in comparison with other study groups (20.3 ± 2.4% for HT + T1D, 32.6 ± 7.8% for GD, 27.1 ± 2.4% for controls, p < 0.001). PTPN22 gene promoter DNA methylation was also associated marginally with thyroid autoimmunity in general (p = 0.059), as well as considerably with thyroid volume (p = 0.004) and the presence of goiter (p = 0.001) but not thyroid function tests. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time that a relationship between autoimmune thyroiditis and PTPN22 gene promoter DNA methylation state is present, thus proposing another possible etiological association between thyroiditis and abnormalities of PTPN22 function. Further expression studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kyrgios
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Papageorgiou General Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S Giza
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Papageorgiou General Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Fragou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G Tzimagiorgis
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Galli-Tsinopoulou
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, AHEPA General University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, Thessaloniki, 54636, Greece.
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Kyrgios I, Fragou A, Kotanidou EP, Mouzaki K, Efraimidou S, Tzimagiorgis G, Galli-Tsinopoulou A. DNA methylation analysis within the IL2RA gene promoter in youth with autoimmune thyroid disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13199. [PMID: 31943147 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL2RA) is involved in the regulation of T-cell function and has been related to autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood, promoter methylation might account for differences in gene expression. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in the percentage of DNA methylation within the IL2RA gene promoter in young patients with AITD. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional design, the presence of DNA methylation in the IL2RA gene promoter was quantified, by real-time PCR and melting curve analysis, in modified genomic DNA isolated from blood samples of a total of 149 children and adolescents with AITD, including patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (ΗΤ) (n = 60), Graves' disease (GD) (n = 9), concurrent diagnosis of HT and type 1 diabetes (T1DM + HT) (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 55). RESULTS The percentage of DNA methylation in the IL2RA gene promoter was significantly decreased in patients with GD (26.0 ± 4.2%) but not in those with HT (36.3 ± 1.4%) in comparison with controls (41.3 ± 1.5%). CONCLUSIONS The observed DNA hypomethylation in the IL2RA gene promoter in patients with GD might be related to its increased expression, thus contributing to the etiopathogenesis of GD in childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kyrgios
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Fragou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni P Kotanidou
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Mouzaki
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Tzimagiorgis
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Shalaby SM, Mackawy AMH, Atef DM, Atef RM, Saeed J. Promoter methylation and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 gene in blood of autoimmune thyroiditis patients. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:5345-5353. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Han C, He X, Xia X, Guo J, Liu A, Liu X, Wang X, Li C, Peng S, Zhao W, Zhou M, Shi X, Li Y, Li Y, Shan Z, Teng W. Sphk1/S1P/S1PR1 Signaling is Involved in the Development of Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Patients and NOD.H-2 h4 Mice. Thyroid 2019; 29:700-713. [PMID: 30963819 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is growing evidence that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a pleiotropic bioactive sphingolipid metabolite synthesized intracellularly by two closely related sphingosine kinases (SphKs), SphK1 and SphK2, is involved in inflammation. However, the role of SphKs/S1P/S1P receptors (S1PRs) in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) has not been studied to date. Methods: This study examined whether SphK1/S1P/S1PR1 signaling is aberrantly altered in thyroid tissues and serum of both AIT patients and a spontaneously autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) mouse model. Murine CD4+T cells were employed to further investigate the downstream signaling of SphK1/S1P/S1PR1. Furthermore, a total of 102 NOD.H-2h4 mice, randomly divided into different groups, were used to investigate the therapeutic effect of S1PR1 blockade and its potential mechanism. Results: We found that components of the SphK1/S1P/S1PR1 pathway were abnormally expressed in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis and in a SAT mouse model. In addition, S1P could activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) through S1PR1 and its downstream signaling pathways in CD4+T cells of NOD.H-2h4 mice. Furthermore, an in vivo study demonstrated that blocking S1PR1 by FTY720 administration could reduce the incidence and severity of thyroiditis and goiter in SAT mice in a time-dependent manner. The proportions of STAT3-related and inflammation-related cell subtypes, such as T helper 1, T helper 17, and follicular T helper cells, were elevated in the SAT group when compared to the control group, and these cell subtypes decreased after FTY720 administration. Furthermore, the downstream inflammatory cytokines of STAT3 were also downregulated after FTY720 administration. Conclusion: The present study shows that blocking Sphk1/S1P/S1PR1 signaling can ameliorate the severity of AIT, providing evidence of a promising therapeutic target for AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Han
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- 2 Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Xue He
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinghai Xia
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- 3 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jiahui Guo
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Liu
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengyan Li
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiqiao Peng
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- 4 Department of Endocrinology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- 3 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yushu Li
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongze Li
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiping Teng
- 1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Kinugawa Y, Uehara T, Matsuda K, Kobayashi Y, Nakajima T, Hamano H, Kawa S, Higuchi K, Hosaka N, Shiozawa S, Ishigame H, Nakamura T, Maruyama Y, Nakazawa K, Nakaguro M, Sano K, Ota H. Promoter hypomethylation of SKI in autoimmune pancreatitis. Pathol Res Pract 2018. [PMID: 29534839 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between methylation abnormality and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP)-a representative IgG4-related disease-has not yet been elucidated. We identified SKI might have a significant methylation abnormality in AIP through methylation array analysis using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 450K BeadChip array, and investigated the relationship of SKI with AIP clinicopathological features. The methylation rate of SKI was assessed by quantitative SYBR green methylation-specific PCR, and the degree of SKI expression in tissue specimens was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 10 AIP cases, 14 cases of obstructive pancreatitis area in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) without a history of AIP, and 9 normal pancreas (NP) cases. The SKI methylation ratio was significantly lower in AIP than in PDA and NP. Additionally, the immunohistochemical staining-index (SI) score for SKI was significantly higher in AIP than NP, although there was no significant difference between AIP and PDA. There was a strong negative correlation between SI score and SKI methylation ratio, and between the serum concentrations of IgG4 and the SKI methylation ratio. There was a moderate positive correlation between the serum concentrations of IgG4 and SI. SKI is thought to be an oncogene indicating that SKI hypomethylation and carcinogenesis might be linked to AIP. Furthermore, the correlation between serum concentrations of IgG4 and SKI methylation levels suggest SKI might be involved in the pathogenesis of AIP. However, the role of SKI has not been clearly elucidated. Further studies are needed to understand further the function of SKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kinugawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uehara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Kazuyuki Matsuda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakajima
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hamano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Kawa
- Internal Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Kayoko Higuchi
- Department of Pathology, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Hosaka
- Department of Pathology, Nagano Municipal Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Koh Nakazawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Hospital Organization, Matsumoto Medical Center, Matsumoto Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masato Nakaguro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Sano
- Department of Pathology, Iida Municipal Hospital, Iida, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Ota
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Shukla SK, Singh G, Ahmad S, Pant P. Infections, genetic and environmental factors in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Microb Pathog 2018; 116:279-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Gilbert KM, Blossom SJ, Reisfeld B, Erickson SW, Vyas K, Maher M, Broadfoot B, West K, Bai S, Cooney CA, Bhattacharyya S. Trichloroethylene-induced alterations in DNA methylation were enriched in polycomb protein binding sites in effector/memory CD4 + T cells. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2017; 3:dvx013. [PMID: 29129997 PMCID: PMC5676456 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvx013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to industrial solvent and water pollutant trichloroethylene (TCE) can promote autoimmunity, and expand effector/memory (CD62L) CD4+ T cells. In order to better understand etiology reduced representation bisulfite sequencing was used to study how a 40-week exposure to TCE in drinking water altered methylation of ∼337 770 CpG sites across the entire genome of effector/memory CD4+ T cells from MRL+/+ mice. Regardless of TCE exposure, 62% of CpG sites in autosomal chromosomes were hypomethylated (0-15% methylation), and 25% were hypermethylated (85-100% methylation). In contrast, only 6% of the CpGs on the X chromosome were hypomethylated, and 51% had mid-range methylation levels. In terms of TCE impact, TCE altered (≥ 10%) the methylation of 233 CpG sites in effector/memory CD4+ T cells. Approximately 31.7% of these differentially methylated sites occurred in regions known to bind one or more Polycomb group (PcG) proteins, namely Ezh2, Suz12, Mtf2 or Jarid2. In comparison, only 23.3% of CpG sites not differentially methylated by TCE were found in PcG protein binding regions. Transcriptomics revealed that TCE altered the expression of ∼560 genes in the same effector/memory CD4+ T cells. At least 80% of the immune genes altered by TCE had binding sites for PcG proteins flanking their transcription start site, or were regulated by other transcription factors that were in turn ordered by PcG proteins at their own transcription start site. Thus, PcG proteins, and the differential methylation of their binding sites, may represent a new mechanism by which TCE could alter the function of effector/memory CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Gilbert
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Sarah J. Blossom
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Brad Reisfeld
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Stephen W. Erickson
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Kanan Vyas
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Mary Maher
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Brannon Broadfoot
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Kirk West
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Shasha Bai
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Craig A. Cooney
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Sudeepa Bhattacharyya
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
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Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that epigenetic modifications, including changes in DNA methylation, covalent modifications of histone tails, and gene silencing mediated by non-coding RNA molecules, play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and might be seen as the result of environmental insults that trigger these conditions. Studies in cells and tissues of patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), and particularly in Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), are increasingly revealing altered epigenetic marks and resultant deregulation of gene expression levels, but the available data are still limited to be translated into the clinical settings. Particularly, genome-wide methylation and histone tail modification screenings are limited to a few studies in GD patients, and the diagnostic values of the observed epigenetic changes or their potential prognostic utility are still unclear. Similarly, data concerning microRNA expression in AITD patients are largely descriptive and not yet translated into the clinics. In addition, studies relating certain environmental exposures to specific epigenetic changes in AITD and studies evaluating the crosstalk between different epigenetic mechanisms are largely missing. In summary, despite that there is a clear evidence of epigenetic impairment in AITD, further research is required for a better understanding of the epigenetic networks involved in disease pathogenesis, thereby opening the way for potential diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as for epigenetic interventions in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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