Hamajima K, Hoshino Y, Xin KQ, Hayashi F, Tadokoro K, Okuda K. Systemic and mucosal immune responses in mice after rectal and vaginal immunization with HIV-DNA vaccine.
Clin Immunol 2002;
102:12-8. [PMID:
11781062 DOI:
10.1006/clim.2001.5141]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We examined the feasibility of inducing local and systemic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific immune responses by rectal and vaginal application of an HIV-DNA vaccine. Mice were immunized with an HIV-DNA vaccine preparation via a rectal or vaginal route. After several applications, HIV-specific antibodies were detected in sera, fecal extract solutions, and vaginal washes, and these antibodies were potent in inhibiting the syncytium formation of a CD4-positive human T cell line by a cell line capable of inducing HIV-1 infection. Spleen cells from rectally and vaginally immunized mice showed antigen-mediated IFN-gamma-inducing activity. In addition, with rectal immunization, mononuclear cells from both the spleen and the regional lymph nodes of the rectal region were found to be potent at inducing a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response. These humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were enhanced by augmenting the vaccine with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-expressing plasmids or IL-12-expressing plasmid. Our results demonstrated that both rectal and vaginal immunization could induce systemic and mucosal immunity and that these responses were enhanced by the addition of the above cytokine-expressing plasmids.
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