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Nieman DC, Sakaguchi CA, Williams JC, Mulani FA, Shivprasad Suresh P, Omar AM, Zhang Q. Beet supplementation mitigates post-exercise inflammation. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1408804. [PMID: 38873567 PMCID: PMC11169660 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1408804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the efficacy of a mixed beet-based supplement (BEET) versus placebo (PL) in countering inflammation during recovery from 2.25 h of intensive cycling in 20 male and female cyclists. A multi-omics approach was used that included untargeted proteomics and a targeted oxylipin panel. Methods A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design was used with two 2-week supplementation periods and a 2-week washout period. Supplementation periods were followed by a 2.25 h cycling bout at close to 70%VO2max. The BEET supplement provided 212 mg of nitrates per day, 200 mg caffeine from green tea extract, 44 mg vitamin C from Camu Camu berry, B-vitamins from quinoa sprouts (40% Daily Value for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin B6), and 2.5 g of a mushroom blend containing Cordyceps sinensis and Inonotus obliquus. Six blood samples were collected before and after supplementation (overnight fasted state), immediately post-exercise, and at 1.5 h-, 3 h-, and 24 h-post-exercise. Results The 2.25 h cycling bout increased plasma levels of 41 of 67 oxylipins detected. BEET supplementation significantly increased plasma nitrate (NO3 -) and nitrite (NO2 -) (sum, NO3 - + NO2 -) concentrations (interaction effect, p < 0.001) and two anti-inflammatory oxylipins [18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and 4-hydroxy-docosahexanoic acid (4-HDoHE)]. The untargeted proteomics analysis identified 616 proteins (458 across all times points), and 2-way ANOVA revealed a cluster of 45 proteins that were decreased and a cluster of 21 that were increased in the BEET versus PL trials. Functional enrichment supported significant BEET-related reductions in inflammation-related proteins including several proteins related to complement activation, the acute phase response, and immune cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Discussion Intake of a BEET-based supplement during a 2-week period was linked to higher plasma levels of NO3 - + NO2 -, elevated post-exercise levels of two anti-inflammatory oxylipins, and a significant decrease in a cluster of proteins involved in complement activation and inflammation. These data support that 2-weeks intake of nitrate from a mixed beet-based supplement moderated protein biomarkers of exercise-induced inflammation in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Camila A. Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - James C. Williams
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Fayaj A. Mulani
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Patil Shivprasad Suresh
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Ashraf M. Omar
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Qibin Zhang
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
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Rubas NC, Peres R, Kunihiro BP, Allan NP, Phankitnirundorn K, Wells RK, McCracken T, Lee RH, Umeda L, Conching A, Juarez R, Maunakea AK. HMGB1 mediates microbiome-immune axis dysregulation underlying reduced neutralization capacity in obesity-related post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2. Sci Rep 2024; 14:355. [PMID: 38172612 PMCID: PMC10764757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
While obesity is a risk factor for post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC, "long-COVID"), the mechanism(s) underlying this phenomenon remains poorly understood. To address this gap in knowledge, we performed a 6-week longitudinal study to examine immune activity and gut microbiome dysbiosis in post-acute stage patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Self-reported symptom frequencies and blood samples were collected weekly, with plasma assessed by ELISA and Luminex for multiple biomarkers and immune cell profiling. DNA from stool samples were collected at the early stage of recovery for baseline assessments of gut microbial composition and diversity using 16S-based metagenomic sequencing. Multiple regression analyses revealed obesity-related PASC linked to a sustained proinflammatory immune profile and reduced adaptive immunity, corresponding with reduced gut microbial diversity. In particular, enhanced signaling of the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein was found to associate with this dysregulation, with its upregulated levels in plasma associated with significantly impaired viral neutralization that was exacerbated with obesity. These findings implicate HMGB1 as a candidate biomarker of PASC, with potential applications for risk assessment and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle C Rubas
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Deparment of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Rafael Peres
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Braden P Kunihiro
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Nina P Allan
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Krit Phankitnirundorn
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Riley K Wells
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Deparment of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Trevor McCracken
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Rosa H Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lesley Umeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Deparment of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Ruben Juarez
- Hawai'i Integrated Analytics, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Deparment of Economics and UHERO, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Alika K Maunakea
- Department of Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
- Hawai'i Integrated Analytics, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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Epifanova E, Nguyen L. The dangers of rubella virus. eLife 2023; 12:e89265. [PMID: 37327049 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The rubella virus can interfere with fetal brain development by infecting immune cells called microglia during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Epifanova
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurent Nguyen
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavres, Belgium
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4
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Methotrexate Treatment Suppresses Monocytes in Nonresponders to Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7561661. [PMID: 35935581 PMCID: PMC9352482 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7561661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of infections; therefore, immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases is important. Methotrexate (MTX) impairs the antibody response to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in patients with arthritis, and the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we investigate the potential role of the innate immune system in the faltering antibody response following PCV vaccination in RA patients treated with MTX. Phenotypes of circulating granulocytes and monocytes were analyzed in 11 RA patients treated with MTX, 13 RA patients without disease-modifying antirheumatic drug treatment (0DMARD), and 13 healthy controls (HC). Peripheral blood samples were collected before and 7 days after vaccination. In addition, the MTX group was sampled before initiating treatment. Frequencies of granulocyte and monocyte subsets were determined using flow cytometry. Serotype-specific IgG were quantified using a multiplex bead assay, pre- and 4-6 weeks after vaccination. At baseline, no differences in granulocyte and monocyte frequencies were observed between the groups. Within the MTX group, the frequency of basophils increased during treatment and was higher compared to the HC and 0DMARD groups at the prevaccination time point. MTX patients were categorized into responders and nonresponders according to the antibody response. Before initiation of MTX, there were no differences in granulocyte and monocyte frequencies between the two subgroups. However, following 6-12 weeks of MTX treatment, both the frequency and concentration of monocytes were lower in PCV nonresponders compared to responders, and the difference in monocyte frequency remained after vaccination. In conclusion, the suppressive effect of MTX on monocyte concentration and frequency could act as a biomarker to identify nonresponders to PCV vaccination.
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Kuka M, Iannacone M. Heterogeneity in antiviral B cell responses: Lessons from the movies. Immunol Rev 2021; 306:224-233. [PMID: 34811768 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Humoral and cellular responses to viral infections coexist in a dynamic equilibrium that often results in efficient viral clearance. However, in some infections one of the two responses prevails, for instance when an overactivation of cytotoxic T cells is accompanied by weak and insufficient antibody responses. Although the cellular response is usually sufficient to control a primary viral infection, in some cases clearance is not complete and persistent infections ensue. In order to design effective therapeutic or vaccination strategies aiming at inducing early and potent neutralizing antibody responses, a deep knowledge of the cellular and molecular determinants of antiviral immune responses is needed. Here, we review our understanding on the spatiotemporal dynamics of antiviral humoral immune responses, with a particular focus on recent studies using intravital imaging approaches as an insightful complement to more traditional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Kuka
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases and Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases and Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Okamori S, Ishii M, Asakura T, Suzuki S, Namkoong H, Kagawa S, Hegab AE, Yagi K, Kamata H, Kusumoto T, Ogawa T, Takahashi H, Yoda M, Horiuchi K, Hasegawa N, Fukunaga K. ADAM10 partially protects mice against influenza pneumonia by suppressing specific myeloid cell population. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L872-L884. [PMID: 34523355 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00619.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The influenza virus infection poses a serious health threat worldwide. Myeloid cells play pivotal roles in regulating innate and adaptive immune defense. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family of proteins contributes to various immune responses; however, the role of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) in influenza virus infection remains largely unknown. Herein, we investigated its role, focusing on myeloid cells, during influenza virus infection in mice. ADAM10 gene (Adam10)flox/flox/Lyz2-Cre (Adam10ΔLyz2) and control Adam10flox/flox mice were intranasally infected with 200 plaque-forming units of influenza virus A/H1N1/PR8/34. Adam10ΔLyz2 mice exhibited a significantly higher mortality rate, stronger lung inflammation, and a higher virus titer in the lungs than control mice. Macrophages and inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and CCL2, were increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from Adam10ΔLyz2 mice following infection. CD11b+Ly6G-F4/80+ myeloid cells, which had an inflammatory monocyte/macrophage-like phenotype, were significantly increased in the lungs of Adam10ΔLyz2 mice. Adoptive transfer experiments suggested that these cells likely contributed to the poorer prognosis in Adam10ΔLyz2 mice. Seven days after infection, CD11b+Ly6G-F4/80+ lung cells exhibited significantly higher arginase-1 expression levels in Adam10ΔLyz2 mice than in control mice, whereas an arginase-1 inhibitor improved the prognosis of Adam10ΔLyz2 mice. Enhanced granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/GM-CSF receptor signaling likely contributed to this process. Collectively, these results indicate that myeloid ADAM10 protects against influenza virus pneumonia and may be a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okamori
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society of Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Asakura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ho Namkoong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuko Kagawa
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ahmed E Hegab
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Education Center, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yagi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kamata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kusumoto
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takunori Ogawa
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Yoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horiuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defence Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoki Hasegawa
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukunaga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsuda Y, Hiramitsu T, Li XK, Watanabe T. Characteristics of Immunoglobulin M Type Antibodies of Different Origins from the Immunologic and Clinical Viewpoints and Their Application in Controlling Antibody-Mediated Allograft Rejection. Pathogens 2020; 10:pathogens10010004. [PMID: 33374617 PMCID: PMC7822424 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-mediated allograft rejection (AMR) hinders patient prognosis after organ transplantation. Current studies concerning AMR have mainly focused on the diagnostic value of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-type donor-specific antihuman leukocyte antigen antibodies (DSAs), primarily because of their antigen specificity, whereas the clinical significance of immunoglobulin M (IgM)-type DSAs has not been thoroughly investigated in the context of organ transplantation because of their nonspecificity against antigens. Although consensus regarding the clinical significance and role of IgM antibodies is not clear, as discussed in this review, recent findings strongly suggest that they also have a huge potential in novel diagnostic as well as therapeutic application for the prevention of AMR. Most serum IgM antibodies are known to comprise natural antibodies with low affinity toward antigens, and this is derived from B-1 cells (innate B cells). However, some of the serum IgM-type antibodies reportedly also produced by B-2 cells (conventional B cells). The latter are known to have a high affinity for donor-specific antigens. In this review, we initially discuss how IgM-type antibodies of different origins participate in the pathology of various diseases, directly or through cell surface receptors, complement activation, or cytokine production. Then, we discuss the clinical applicability of B-1 and B-2 cell-derived IgM-type antibodies for controlling AMR with reference to the involvement of IgM antibodies in various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Matsuda
- Division of Transplant Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan;
- Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Takahisa Hiramitsu
- Department of Transplant and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya Daini Red Cross-Hospital, Aichi 466-8650, Japan;
| | - Xiao-kang Li
- Division of Transplant Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan;
| | - Takeshi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan;
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Impact of Immunoglobulin M-Type Donor-Specific Human Leukocyte Antigen-Antibody Levels in Supernatants from Cultured Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as Predictors of Antibody-Mediated Rejection. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9090733. [PMID: 32899542 PMCID: PMC7559903 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a crucial barrier in the long-term prognosis of transplant recipients. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from kidney allograft recipients (N = 41) and cultured in vitro for 1 week. Furthermore, the supernatants of the cultured PBMCs were analyzed by Luminex single-antigen beads. Results: Analyses using Luminex single-antigen beads revealed the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig) G donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs) was detected in the supernatants of cultured PBMCs collected more frequently than IgM in de novo DSA-sensitized patients with AMR, and IgM were detectable in patients with stable graft function mainly and several IgM DSAs were detectable in the supernatants of the cultured PBMCs before detecting the IgG levels in sera. We also found that the DSA-specific IgM-secreting memory B cells (mBCs) were more sensitive to the chronic use of immunosuppressive agents than to the IgG-secreting mBCs. Conclusions: In the transplant recipients, the assessment of supernatants of cultured PBMCs provide more details of immune reactions than the commonly used method that directly measures IgG DSA levels in patient sera and some IgM DSA detection may be a better predictor of IgG DSAs production, which may cause AMR and enable early intervention, in initial stages of AMR development.
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