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Chauhan AS, Jhujh SS, Stewart GS. E3 ligases: a ubiquitous link between DNA repair, DNA replication and human disease. Biochem J 2024; 481:923-944. [PMID: 38985307 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20240124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of genome stability is of paramount importance for the survival of an organism. However, genomic integrity is constantly being challenged by various endogenous and exogenous processes that damage DNA. Therefore, cells are heavily reliant on DNA repair pathways that have evolved to deal with every type of genotoxic insult that threatens to compromise genome stability. Notably, inherited mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in these protective pathways trigger the onset of disease that is driven by chromosome instability e.g. neurodevelopmental abnormalities, neurodegeneration, premature ageing, immunodeficiency and cancer development. The ability of cells to regulate the recruitment of specific DNA repair proteins to sites of DNA damage is extremely complex but is primarily mediated by protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). Ubiquitylation is one such PTM, which controls genome stability by regulating protein localisation, protein turnover, protein-protein interactions and intra-cellular signalling. Over the past two decades, numerous ubiquitin (Ub) E3 ligases have been identified to play a crucial role not only in the initiation of DNA replication and DNA damage repair but also in the efficient termination of these processes. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of how different Ub E3 ligases (RNF168, TRAIP, HUWE1, TRIP12, FANCL, BRCA1, RFWD3) function to regulate DNA repair and replication and the pathological consequences arising from inheriting deleterious mutations that compromise the Ub-dependent DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop S Chauhan
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Satpal S Jhujh
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Grant S Stewart
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
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Arunagiri V, Cooper L, Dong H, Class J, Biswas I, Vahora S, Deshpande R, Gopani KH, Hu G, Richner JM, Rong L, Liu J. Suppression of interferon α and γ response by Huwe1-mediated Miz1 degradation promotes SARS-CoV-2 replication. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1388517. [PMID: 39034993 PMCID: PMC11257858 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1388517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been demonstrated to limit the host interferon response; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found that SARS-CoV-2 infection upregulated the E3 ubiquitin ligase Huwe1, which in turn facilitated the degradation of the transcription factor Miz1. The degradation of Miz1 hampered interferon alpha and gamma responses, consequently fostering viral replication and impeding viral clearance. Conversely, silencing or inhibiting Huwe1 enhanced the interferon responses, effectively curbing viral replication. Consistently, overexpressing Miz1 augmented the interferon responses and limited viral replication, whereas silencing Miz1 had the opposite effect. Targeting Huwe1 or overexpressing Miz1 elicited transcriptomic alterations characterized by enriched functions associated with bolstered antiviral response and diminished virus replication. Further study revealed Miz1 exerted epigenetic control over the transcription of specific interferon signaling molecules, which acted as common upstream regulators responsible for the observed transcriptomic changes following Huwe1 or Miz1 targeting. These findings underscore the critical role of the Huwe1-Miz1 axis in governing the host antiviral response, with its dysregulation contributing to the impaired interferon response observed during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinothini Arunagiri
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Laura Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Huali Dong
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jake Class
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Indrani Biswas
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sujan Vahora
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Riddhi Deshpande
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Khushi H. Gopani
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Guochang Hu
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Justin M. Richner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Lee C, Park SH, Yoon SK. The E3 ligase HUWE1 increases the sensitivity of CRC to oxaliplatin through TOMM20 degradation. Oncogene 2024; 43:636-649. [PMID: 38184713 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Continuous administration of oxaliplatin, the most widely used first-line chemotherapy drug for colorectal cancer (CRC), eventually leads to drug resistance. Increasing the sensitivity of CRC cells to oxaliplatin is a key strategy to overcome this issue. Impairment of mitochondrial function is a pivotal mechanism determining the sensitivity of CRC to oxaliplatin. We discovered an inverse correlation between Translocase of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 20 (TOMM20) and oxaliplatin sensitivity as well as an inverse relationship between TOMM20 and HECT, UBA, and WWE domain containing E3 ligase 1 (HUWE1) expression in CRC. For the first time, we demonstrated that HUWE1 ubiquitinates TOMM20 directly and also regulates TOMM20 degradation via the PARKIN-mediated pathway. Furthermore, we showed that overexpression of HUWE1 in CRC cells has a negative effect on mitochondrial function, including the generation of ATP and maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to increased production of ROS and apoptosis. This effect was amplified when cells were treated simultaneously with oxaliplatin. Our study conclusively shows that TOMM20 is a novel target of HUWE1. Our findings indicate that HUWE1 plays a critical role in regulating oxaliplatin sensitivity by degrading TOMM20 and inducing mitochondrial damage in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanhaeng Lee
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 065-691, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 065-691, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Park
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 065-691, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjoo Kim Yoon
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 065-691, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 065-691, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Kim C, Wang XD, Liu Z, Hao J, Wang S, Li P, Zi Z, Ding Q, Jang S, Kim J, Luo Y, Huffman KE, Pal Choudhuri S, del Rio S, Cai L, Liang H, Drapkin BJ, Minna JD, Yu Y. Induced degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins drives the therapeutic vulnerability of small cell lung cancer to PARP inhibitors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadh2579. [PMID: 38241363 PMCID: PMC10798557 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh2579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Although BRCA1/2 mutations are not commonly found in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a substantial fraction of SCLC shows clinically relevant response to PARP inhibitors (PARPis). However, the underlying mechanism(s) of PARPi sensitivity in SCLC is poorly understood. We performed quantitative proteomic analyses and identified proteomic changes that signify PARPi responses in SCLC cells. We found that the vulnerability of SCLC to PARPi could be explained by the degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins (e.g., ASCL1). PARPi-induced activation of the E3 ligase HUWE1 mediated the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-dependent ASCL1 degradation. Although PARPi induced a general DNA damage response in SCLC cells, this signal generated a cell-specific response in ASCL1 degradation, leading to the identification of HUWE1 expression as a predictive biomarker for PARPi. Combining PARPi with agents targeting these pathways markedly improved therapeutic response in SCLC. The degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins therefore represents a previously unidentified mechanism for PARPi efficacy in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zhengshuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jianwei Hao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qing Ding
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Seoyeon Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yikai Luo
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Huffman
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shreoshi Pal Choudhuri
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sofia del Rio
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Drapkin
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - John D. Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Mueller S, Bialas J, Ryu S, Catone N, Aichem A. The ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 covalently modifies HUWE1 and strengthens the interaction of AMBRA1 and HUWE1. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290002. [PMID: 37578983 PMCID: PMC10424871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 is highly upregulated under inflammatory conditions and targets its conjugation substrates to the degradation by the 26S proteasome. This process termed FAT10ylation is mediated by an enzymatic cascade and includes the E1 activating enzyme ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 6 (UBA6), the E2 conjugating enzyme UBA6-specific E2 enzyme 1 (USE1) and E3 ligases, such as Parkin. In this study, the function of the HECT-type ubiquitin E3 ligase HUWE1 was investigated as a putative E3 ligase and/or conjugation substrate of FAT10. Our data provide strong evidence that HUWE1 is FAT10ylated in a UBA6 and FAT10 diglycine-dependent manner in vitro and in cellulo and that the HUWE1-FAT10 conjugate is targeted to proteasomal degradation. Since the mutation of all relevant cysteine residues within the HUWE1 HECT domain did not abolish FAT10 conjugation, a role of HUWE1 as E3 ligase for FAT10ylation is rather unlikely. Moreover, we have identified the autophagy-related protein AMBRA1 as a new FAT10 interaction partner. We show that the HUWE1-FAT10 conjugate formation is diminished in presence of AMBRA1, while the interaction between AMBRA1 and HUWE1 is strengthened in presence of FAT10. This implies a putative interplay of all three proteins in cellular processes such as mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Mueller
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Kontstanz, Germany
| | - Johanna Bialas
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Kontstanz, Germany
| | - Stella Ryu
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Kontstanz, Germany
| | - Nicola Catone
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | - Annette Aichem
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Kontstanz, Germany
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Spanjaard A, Stratigopoulou M, de Groot D, Aslam M, van den Berk PCM, Stappenbelt C, Ayidah M, Catsman JJI, Pardieck IN, Kreft M, Arens R, Guikema JEJ, Jacobs H. Huwe1 supports B-cell development, B-cell-dependent immunity, somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination by regulating proliferation. Front Immunol 2023; 13:986863. [PMID: 36700204 PMCID: PMC9869049 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.986863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and differentiation of B cells is intimately linked to cell proliferation and the generation of diverse immunoglobulin gene (Ig) repertoires. The ubiquitin E3 ligase HUWE1 controls proliferation, DNA damage responses, and DNA repair, including the base excision repair (BER) pathway. These processes are of crucial importance for B-cell development in the bone marrow, and the germinal center (GC) response, which results in the clonal expansion and differentiation of B cells expressing high affinity immunoglobulins. Here, we re-examined the role of HUWE1 in B-cell proliferation and Ig gene diversification, focusing on its involvement in somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). B-cell-specific deletion of Huwe1 resulted in impaired development, differentiation and maturation of B cells in the bone marrow and peripheral lymphoid organs. HUWE1 deficiency diminished SHM and CSR by impairing B-cell proliferation and AID expression upon activation in vitro and in vivo, and was unrelated to the HUWE1-dependent regulation of the BER pathway. Interestingly, we found that HUWE1-deficient B cells showed increased mRNA expression of Myc target genes upon in vitro activation despite diminished proliferation. Our results confirm that the E3 ligase HUWE1 is an important contributor in coordinating the rapid transition of antigen naïve, resting B cells into antigen-activated B cells and regulates mutagenic processes in B cells by controlling AID expression and the post-transcriptional output of Myc target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Spanjaard
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Stratigopoulou
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Lymphoma and Myeloma center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daniël de Groot
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul C. M. van den Berk
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chantal Stappenbelt
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matilda Ayidah
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joyce J. I. Catsman
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iris N. Pardieck
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Maaike Kreft
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ramon Arens
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen E. J. Guikema
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center (AMC), Lymphoma and Myeloma center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Heinz Jacobs, ; Jeroen E. J. Guikema,
| | - Heinz Jacobs
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Heinz Jacobs, ; Jeroen E. J. Guikema,
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Wu Y, Jiao H, Yue Y, He K, Jin Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Wei Y, Luo H, Hao Z, Zhao X, Xia Q, Zhong Q, Zhang J. Ubiquitin ligase E3 HUWE1/MULE targets transferrin receptor for degradation and suppresses ferroptosis in acute liver injury. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1705-1718. [PMID: 35260822 PMCID: PMC9433446 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00957-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia followed by reperfusion (I/R), a major clinical problem during liver surgical procedures, can induce liver injury with severe cell death including ferroptosis which is characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxidation. The HECT domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase HUWE1 (also known as MULE) was initially shown to promote apoptosis. However, our preliminary study demonstrates that high expression of HUWE1 in the liver donors corelates with less injury and better hepatic function after liver transplantation in patients. Thus, we investigate the role of HUWE1 in acute liver injury, and identify HUWE1 as a negative ferroptosis modulator through transferrin receptor 1(TfR1). Deficiency of Huwe1 in mice hepatocytes (HKO) exacerbated I/R and CCl4-induced liver injury with more ferroptosis occurrence. Moreover, Suppression of Huwe1 remarkably enhances cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis in primary hepatocytes and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Mechanistically, HUWE1 specifically targets TfR1 for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby regulates iron metabolism. Importantly, chemical and genetic inhibition of TfR1 dramatically diminishes the ferroptotic cell death in Huwe1 KO cells and Huwe1 HKO mice. Therefore, HUWE1 is a potential protective factor to antagonize both aberrant iron accumulation and ferroptosis thereby mitigating acute liver injury. These findings may provide clinical implications for patients with the high-expression Huwe1 alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Huike Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yangbo Yue
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Kang He
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yuting Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuehan Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Hanyan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhenyue Hao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Xuyun Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Qing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Qi L, Xu X, Qi X. The giant E3 ligase HUWE1 is linked to tumorigenesis, spermatogenesis, intellectual disability, and inflammatory diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:905906. [PMID: 35937685 PMCID: PMC9355080 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.905906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases determine the substrate specificity and catalyze the ubiquitination of lysine residues. HUWE1 is a catalytic HECT domain-containing giant E3 ligase that contains a substrate-binding ring structure, and mediates the ubiquitination of more than 40 diverse substrates. HUWE1 serves as a central node in cellular stress responses, cell growth and death, signal transduction, etc. The expanding atlas of HUWE1 substrates presents a major challenge for the potential therapeutic application of HUWE1 in a particular disease. In addition, HUWE1 has been demonstrated to play contradictory roles in certain aspects of tumor progression in either an oncogenic or a tumor-suppressive manner. We recently defined novel roles of HUWE1 in promoting the activation of multiple inflammasomes. Inflammasome activation-mediated immune responses might lead to multifunctional effects on tumor therapy, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the known substrates and pleiotropic functions of HUWE1 in different types of cells and models, including its involvement in development, cancer, neuronal disorder and infectious disease. We also discuss the advances in cryo-EM-structural analysis for a functional-mechanistic understanding of HUWE1 in modulating the multitudinous diverse substrates, and introduce the possibility of revisiting the comprehensive roles of HUWE1 in multiple aspects within one microenvironment, which will shed light on the potential therapeutic application of targeting giant E3 ligases like HUWE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaopeng Qi
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Clinical Laboratory/Qilu Hospital, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaopeng Qi,
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Deng T, Zhu Q, Xie L, Liu Y, Peng Y, Yin L, Gao Y, Cao T, Fu Y, Qi X, Zhang S, Peng Y, Hou Y, Li X. Norcantharidin promotes cancer radiosensitization through Cullin1 neddylation-mediated CDC6 protein degradation. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:812-824. [PMID: 35652616 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a conventional cancer therapeutic modality. However, cancer cells tend to develop radioresistance after a period of treatment. Diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for radiosensitivity are severely lacking. Our recently published studies demonstrated that the cell division cycle (CDC6) is a critical molecule contributing to radioresistance, and maybe a potential therapeutic target to overcome radioresistance. In the present study, we for the first time reported that Norcantharidin (NCTD), a demethylated form of cantharidin, re-sensitized radioresistant cancer cells to overcome radioresistance, and synergistically promoted irradiation (IR)-induced cell killing and apoptosis by inducing CDC6 protein degradation. Mechanistically, NCTD induced CDC6 protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathways. By using small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference or small compound inhibitors, we further determined that NCTD induced CDC6 protein degradation through a neddylation-dependent pathway, but not through Huwe1, Cyclin F, and APC/C-mediated ubiquitin-proteasome pathways. We screened the six most relevant Cullin subunits (CUL1, 2, 3, 4A, 4B, and 5) using siRNAs. The knockdown of Cullin1 but not the other five cullins remarkably elevated CDC6 protein levels. NCTD promoted the binding of Cullin1 to CDC6, thereby promoting CDC6 protein degradation through a Cullin1 neddylation-mediated ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. NCTD can be used in combination with radiotherapy to achieve better anticancer efficacy, or work as a radiosensitizer to overcome cancer radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanggang Deng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Center for Clinical Precision Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianling Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Center for Clinical Precision Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Youhong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuchong Peng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Center for Clinical Precision Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linglong Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Center for Clinical Precision Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingxue Gao
- Department of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tuoyu Cao
- Department of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxin Fu
- Department of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuli Qi
- Department of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongbo Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youxiang Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Center for Clinical Precision Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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10
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Anachkova BB, Djeliova VL. Stability of proteins involved in initiation of DNA replication in UV damaged human cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 77:113-123. [PMID: 34333892 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The protein stability of the initiation factors Orc2, Orc3, Orc4, and Cdc6 was analyzed after UV light exposure in two human cell lines. In the cell line with higher repair capacity, HEK 293, no changes in the cell cycle distribution or in the protein levels of the investigated factors were detected. In HeLa cells that are characterized by lower repair capacity, UV irradiation caused a reduction of the levels of Cdc6, Orc2 and Orc3, but not of Orc4 or triggered apoptosis. The appearance of the truncated 49 kDa form of Cdc6 suggested the involvement of the caspase pathway in the degradation of the proteins. Reduced protein levels of Cdc6 were detected in UV damaged HeLa cells in which the apoptotic process was blocked with the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk, indicating that the degradation of Cdc6 is mediated by the proteasome pathway instead. In the presence of caffeine, an inhibitor of the cell cycle checkpoint kinases, Cdc6 was stabilized, demonstrating that its degradation is controlled by the DNA damage cell cycle checkpoint. We conclude that in response to DNA damage, the activation of origins of replication can be prevented by the degradation of Cdc6, most likely through the proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyka Borisova Anachkova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of the Cell Cycle, Institute of Molecular Biology "RoumenTsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Street, Bl. 21, Sofia1113, Bulgaria
| | - Vera Lyubchova Djeliova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of the Cell Cycle, Institute of Molecular Biology "RoumenTsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Street, Bl. 21, Sofia1113, Bulgaria
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11
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HUWE1 employs a giant substrate-binding ring to feed and regulate its HECT E3 domain. Nat Chem Biol 2021; 17:1084-1092. [PMID: 34294896 PMCID: PMC7611724 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-021-00831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
HUWE1 is a universal quality-control E3 ligase that marks diverse client proteins for proteasomal degradation. Although the giant HECT enzyme is an essential component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system closely linked with severe human diseases, its molecular mechanism is little understood. Here, we present the crystal structure of Nematocida HUWE1, revealing how a single E3 enzyme has specificity for a multitude of unrelated substrates. The protein adopts a remarkable snake-like structure where the C-terminal HECT domain heads an extended alpha solenoid body that coils in on itself and houses various protein-protein interaction modules. Our integrative structural analysis shows that this ring structure is highly dynamic, enabling the flexible HECT domain to reach protein targets presented by the various acceptor sites. Together, our data demonstrate how HUWE1 is regulated by its unique structure, adapting a promiscuous E3 ligase to selectively target unassembled orphan proteins.
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12
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Hunkeler M, Jin CY, Ma MW, Monda JK, Overwijn D, Bennett EJ, Fischer ES. Solenoid architecture of HUWE1 contributes to ligase activity and substrate recognition. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3468-3480.e7. [PMID: 34314700 PMCID: PMC8476073 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HECT ubiquitin ligases play essential roles in metazoan development and physiology. The HECT ligase HUWE1 is central to the cellular stress response by mediating degradation of key death or survival factors, including Mcl1, p53, DDIT4, and Myc. Although mutations in HUWE1 and related HECT ligases are widely implicated in human disease, our molecular understanding remains limited. Here we present a comprehensive investigation of full-length HUWE1, deepening our understanding of this class of enzymes. The N-terminal ~3,900 amino acids of HUWE1 are indispensable for proper ligase function, and our cryo-EM structures of HUWE1 offer a complete molecular picture of this large HECT ubiquitin ligase. HUWE1 forms an alpha solenoid-shaped assembly with a central pore decorated with protein interaction modules. Structures of HUWE1 variants linked to neurodevelopmental disorders as well as of HUWE1 bound to a model substrate link the functions of this essential enzyme to its three-dimensional organization. Hunkeler et al. present the cryo-EM structure of HUWE1, a large HECT E3 ligase that forms a modular ring-shaped assembly with flexibly attached accessory domains. The influence of mutations associated with intellectual disabilities on HUWE1 activity and substrate recognition by HUWE1 is dissected biochemically and structurally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Hunkeler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cyrus Y Jin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michelle W Ma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julie K Monda
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Daan Overwijn
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eric J Bennett
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eric S Fischer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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13
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Wenmaekers S, Viergever BJ, Kumar G, Kranenburg O, Black PC, Daugaard M, Meijer RP. A Potential Role for HUWE1 in Modulating Cisplatin Sensitivity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051262. [PMID: 34065298 PMCID: PMC8160634 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used antineoplastic agent, whose efficacy is limited by primary and acquired therapeutic resistance. Recently, a bladder cancer genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knock-out screen correlated cisplatin sensitivity to multiple genetic biomarkers. Among the screen’s top hits was the HECT domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase (HUWE1). In this review, HUWE1 is postulated as a therapeutic response modulator, affecting the collision between platinum-DNA adducts and the replication fork, the primary cytotoxic action of platins. HUWE1 can alter the cytotoxic response to platins by targeting essential components of the DNA damage response including BRCA1, p53, and Mcl-1. Deficiency of HUWE1 could lead to enhanced DNA damage repair and a dysfunctional apoptotic apparatus, thereby inducing resistance to platins. Future research on the relationship between HUWE1 and platins could generate new mechanistic insights into therapy resistance. Ultimately, HUWE1 might serve as a clinical biomarker to tailor cancer treatment strategies, thereby improving cancer care and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn Wenmaekers
- Laboratory Translational Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.W.); (B.J.V.); (O.K.)
- Department of Oncological Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan J. Viergever
- Laboratory Translational Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.W.); (B.J.V.); (O.K.)
- Department of Oncological Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gunjan Kumar
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (G.K.); (P.C.B.)
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Onno Kranenburg
- Laboratory Translational Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.W.); (B.J.V.); (O.K.)
| | - Peter C. Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (G.K.); (P.C.B.)
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Mads Daugaard
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (G.K.); (P.C.B.)
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (R.P.M.)
| | - Richard P. Meijer
- Laboratory Translational Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.W.); (B.J.V.); (O.K.)
- Department of Oncological Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (R.P.M.)
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14
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Morgan JJ, Crawford LJ. The Ubiquitin Proteasome System in Genome Stability and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2235. [PMID: 34066546 PMCID: PMC8125356 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Faithful DNA replication during cellular division is essential to maintain genome stability and cells have developed a sophisticated network of regulatory systems to ensure its integrity. Disruption of these control mechanisms can lead to loss of genomic stability, a key hallmark of cancer. Ubiquitination is one of the most abundant regulatory post-translational modifications and plays a pivotal role in controlling replication progression, repair of DNA and genome stability. Dysregulation of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) can contribute to the initiation and progression of neoplastic transformation. In this review we provide an overview of the UPS and summarize its involvement in replication and replicative stress, along with DNA damage repair. Finally, we discuss how the UPS presents as an emerging source for novel therapeutic interventions aimed at targeting genomic instability, which could be utilized in the treatment and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa J. Crawford
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
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15
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Benslimane Y, Sánchez‐Osuna M, Coulombe‐Huntington J, Bertomeu T, Henry D, Huard C, Bonneil É, Thibault P, Tyers M, Harrington L. A novel p53 regulator, C16ORF72/TAPR1, buffers against telomerase inhibition. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13331. [PMID: 33660365 PMCID: PMC8045932 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere erosion in cells with insufficient levels of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), contributes to age-associated tissue dysfunction and senescence, and p53 plays a crucial role in this response. We undertook a genome-wide CRISPR screen to identify gene deletions that sensitized p53-positive human cells to telomerase inhibition. We uncovered a previously unannotated gene, C16ORF72, which we term Telomere Attrition and p53 Response 1 (TAPR1), that exhibited a synthetic-sick relationship with TERT loss. A subsequent genome-wide CRISPR screen in TAPR1-disrupted cells reciprocally identified TERT as a sensitizing gene deletion. Cells lacking TAPR1 or TERT possessed elevated p53 levels and transcriptional signatures consistent with p53 upregulation. The elevated p53 response in TERT- or TAPR1-deficient cells was exacerbated by treatment with the MDM2 inhibitor and p53 stabilizer nutlin-3a and coincided with a further reduction in cell fitness. Importantly, the sensitivity to treatment with nutlin-3a in TERT- or TAPR1-deficient cells was rescued by loss of p53. These data suggest that TAPR1 buffers against the deleterious consequences of telomere erosion or DNA damage by constraining p53. These findings identify C16ORF72/TAPR1 as new regulator at the nexus of telomere integrity and p53 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Benslimane
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - María Sánchez‐Osuna
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | | | - Thierry Bertomeu
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Danielle Henry
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Caroline Huard
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Éric Bonneil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Pierre Thibault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
- Department of ChemistryUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Mike Tyers
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
- Department of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Lea Harrington
- Institute for Research in Immunology and CancerUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
- Department of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
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16
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Singh S, Ng J, Sivaraman J. Exploring the "Other" subfamily of HECT E3-ligases for therapeutic intervention. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 224:107809. [PMID: 33607149 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The HECT E3 ligase family regulates key cellular signaling pathways, with its 28 members divided into three subfamilies: NEDD4 subfamily (9 members), HERC subfamily (6 members) and "Other" subfamily (13 members). Here, we focus on the less-explored "Other" subfamily and discuss the recent findings pertaining to their biological roles. The N-terminal regions preceding the conserved HECT domains are significantly diverse in length and sequence composition, and are mostly unstructured, except for short regions that incorporate known substrate-binding domains. In some of the better-characterized "Other" members (e.g., HUWE1, AREL1 and UBE3C), structure analysis shows that the extended region (~ aa 50) adjacent to the HECT domain affects the stability and activity of the protein. The enzymatic activity is also influenced by interactions with different adaptor proteins and inter/intramolecular interactions. Primarily, the "Other" subfamily members assemble atypical ubiquitin linkages, with some cooperating with E3 ligases from the other subfamilies to form branched ubiquitin chains on substrates. Viruses and pathogenic bacteria target and hijack the activities of "Other" subfamily members to evade host immune responses and cause diseases. As such, these HECT E3 ligases have emerged as potential candidates for therapeutic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, 14 Science Drive 4, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Joel Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, 14 Science Drive 4, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - J Sivaraman
- Department of Biological Sciences, 14 Science Drive 4, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
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17
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A comprehensive phenotypic CRISPR-Cas9 screen of the ubiquitin pathway uncovers roles of ubiquitin ligases in mitosis. Mol Cell 2021; 81:1319-1336.e9. [PMID: 33539788 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human ubiquitin proteasome system, composed of over 700 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) and deubiquitinases (DUBs), has been difficult to characterize systematically and phenotypically. We performed chemical-genetic CRISPR-Cas9 screens to identify E3s/DUBs whose loss renders cells sensitive or resistant to 41 compounds targeting a broad range of biological processes, including cell cycle progression, genome stability, metabolism, and vesicular transport. Genes and compounds clustered functionally, with inhibitors of related pathways interacting similarly with E3s/DUBs. Some genes, such as FBXW7, showed interactions with many of the compounds. Others, such as RNF25 and FBXO42, showed interactions primarily with a single compound (methyl methanesulfonate for RNF25) or a set of related compounds (the mitotic cluster for FBXO42). Mutation of several E3s with sensitivity to mitotic inhibitors led to increased aberrant mitoses, suggesting a role for these genes in cell cycle regulation. Our comprehensive CRISPR-Cas9 screen uncovered 466 gene-compound interactions covering 25% of the interrogated E3s/DUBs.
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18
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Román-Meléndez GD, Venkataraman T, Monaco DR, Larman HB. Protease Activity Profiling via Programmable Phage Display of Comprehensive Proteome-Scale Peptide Libraries. Cell Syst 2020; 11:375-381.e4. [PMID: 33099407 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Endopeptidases catalyze the internal cleavage of proteins, playing pivotal roles in protein turnover, substrate maturation, and the activation of signaling cascades. A broad range of biological functions in health and disease are controlled by proteases, yet assays to characterize their activities at a proteomic scale do not exist. To address this unmet need, we developed Sensing EndoPeptidase Activity via Release and recapture using flAnking Tag Epitopes (SEPARATE), which uses a monovalent phage display of the human proteome at a 90-aa peptide resolution. We demonstrate that SEPARATE is compatible with several human proteases from distinct catalytic classes, including caspase-1, ADAM17, and thrombin. Both well-characterized and newly identified substrates of these enzymes were detected in the assay. SEPARATE was used to discover a non-canonical caspase-1 substrate, the E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1, a key mediator of apoptotic cell death. SEPARATE enables efficient, unbiased assessment of endopeptidase activity by using a phage-displayed proteome. A record of this paper's Transparent Peer Review process is included in the Supplemental Information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel D Román-Meléndez
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Immunology Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - Thiagarajan Venkataraman
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Immunology Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - Daniel R Monaco
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Immunology Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - H Benjamin Larman
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Immunology Division, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205.
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19
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Cassidy KB, Bang S, Kurokawa M, Gerber SA. Direct regulation of Chk1 protein stability by E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1. FEBS J 2020; 287:1985-1999. [PMID: 31713291 PMCID: PMC7226928 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 is required for a wide array of important functions in cell biology. Although HUWE1 is known to play a role in DNA damage signaling, the mechanism(s) that underlie this function remain elusive. HUWE1 regulates effectors of DNA replication and genotoxic stress tolerance. However, the loss of HUWE1 can also result in the accrual of significant endogenous DNA damage due to insufficient remediation of replication stress induced by an overabundance of key substrates. We discovered that HUWE1 depletion leads to a significant increase in levels of the single-strand break effector kinase Chk1, independent of the DNA damage response, activation of apical DNA damage repair (DDR) signaling kinases (ATM and ATR), and the tumor suppressor p53. We also identified multiple lysine residues on Chk1 that are polyubiquitinated by HUWE1 in vitro, many of which are within the kinase domain. HUWE1 knockdown also markedly prolonged the protein half-life of Chk1 in steady-state conditions and resulted in greater stabilization of Chk1 protein than depletion of Cul4A, an E3 ubiquitin ligase previously described to control Chk1 abundance. Moreover, prolonged replication stress induced by hydroxyurea or camptothecin resulted in a reduction of Chk1 protein levels, which was rescued by HUWE1 knockdown. Our study indicates that HUWE1 plays a significant role in the regulation of the DDR signaling pathway by directly modulating the abundance of Chk1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn B. Cassidy
- Department of Molecular & Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Scott Bang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
| | - Manabu Kurokawa
- Department of Molecular & Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Scott A. Gerber
- Department of Molecular & Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756
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20
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Giles AC, Grill B. Roles of the HUWE1 ubiquitin ligase in nervous system development, function and disease. Neural Dev 2020; 15:6. [PMID: 32336296 PMCID: PMC7184716 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-020-00143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Huwe1 is a highly conserved member of the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase family. Here, we explore the growing importance of Huwe1 in nervous system development, function and disease. We discuss extensive progress made in deciphering how Huwe1 regulates neural progenitor proliferation and differentiation, cell migration, and axon development. We highlight recent evidence indicating that Huwe1 regulates inhibitory neurotransmission. In covering these topics, we focus on findings made using both vertebrate and invertebrate in vivo model systems. Finally, we discuss extensive human genetic studies that strongly implicate HUWE1 in intellectual disability, and heighten the importance of continuing to unravel how Huwe1 affects the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Giles
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, 33458, USA
| | - Brock Grill
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, 33458, USA.
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21
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Wang Y, Argiles-Castillo D, Kane EI, Zhou A, Spratt DE. HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases - emerging insights into their biological roles and disease relevance. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/7/jcs228072. [PMID: 32265230 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.228072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Homologous to E6AP C-terminus (HECT) E3 ubiquitin ligases play a critical role in various cellular pathways, including but not limited to protein trafficking, subcellular localization, innate immune response, viral infections, DNA damage responses and apoptosis. To date, 28 HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases have been identified in humans, and recent studies have begun to reveal how these enzymes control various cellular pathways by catalyzing the post-translational attachment of ubiquitin to their respective substrates. New studies have identified substrates and/or interactors with different members of the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase family, particularly for E6AP and members of the neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4 (NEDD4) family. However, there still remains many unanswered questions about the specific roles that each of the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases have in maintaining cellular homeostasis. The present Review discusses our current understanding on the biological roles of the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases in the cell and how they contribute to disease development. Expanded investigations on the molecular basis for how and why the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases recognize and regulate their intracellular substrates will help to clarify the biochemical mechanisms employed by these important enzymes in ubiquitin biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shanxi, China 710054.,Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA 01610, USA
| | - Diana Argiles-Castillo
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA 01610, USA
| | - Emma I Kane
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA 01610, USA
| | - Anning Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shanxi, China 710054
| | - Donald E Spratt
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA 01610, USA
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22
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The structure and regulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 and its biological functions in cancer. Invest New Drugs 2020; 38:515-524. [PMID: 32008177 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-00894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
E3 ligases are a class of critical enzymes that can catalyse the transfer of ubiquitin (Ub) from an E2 enzyme to the substrate and are essential to cellular processes. The E3 ligase HUWE1 (also known as ARF-BP1, HECTH9, HSPC272, Ib772, LASU1, MULE, URE-B1, UREB1, and HECT, UBA and WWE domain-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1) is encoded by the huwe1 gene. HUWE1 is a key regulator of the DNA damage response, transcription, autophagy, apoptosis and metabolism in a variety of cancers. Due to its pivotal role in conferring substrate specificity, HUWE1 has attracted enormous attention as a promising anticancer drug target. In this review, we indicate the specific molecular structure of HUWE1 and its role in various cellular signalling pathways and highlight new insights into HUWE1 in cancer. Finally, we discuss outstanding questions regarding HUWE1 in oncology and highlight its limitations in drug development and clinical guidance to better define the role of HUWE1 in multiple cancers.
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23
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Jankowska-Döllken M, Sanchez CP, Cyrklaff M, Lanzer M. Overexpression of the HECT ubiquitin ligase PfUT prolongs the intraerythrocytic cycle and reduces invasion efficiency of Plasmodium falciparum. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18333. [PMID: 31797898 PMCID: PMC6893019 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The glms ribozyme system has been used as an amenable tool to conditionally control expression of genes of interest. It is generally assumed that insertion of the ribozyme sequence does not affect expression of the targeted gene in the absence of the inducer glucosamine-6-phosphate, although experimental support for this assumption is scarce. Here, we report the unexpected finding that integration of the glms ribozyme sequence in the 3′ untranslated region of a gene encoding a HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase, termed Plasmodium falciparum ubiquitin transferase (PfUT), increased steady state RNA and protein levels 2.5-fold in the human malaria parasite P. falciparum. Overexpression of pfut resulted in an S/M phase-associated lengthening of the parasite’s intraerythrocytic developmental cycle and a reduced merozoite invasion efficiency. The addition of glucosamine partially restored the wild type phenotype. Our study suggests a role of PfUT in controlling cell cycle progression and merozoite invasion. Our study further raises awareness regarding unexpected effects on gene expression when inserting the glms ribozyme sequence into a gene locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jankowska-Döllken
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cecilia P Sanchez
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marek Cyrklaff
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Lanzer
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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24
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Su C, Wang T, Zhao J, Cheng J, Hou J. Meta-analysis of gene expression alterations and clinical significance of the HECT domain-containing ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 in cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2292-2303. [PMID: 31404287 PMCID: PMC6676739 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (HUWE1) has previously been identified as a HECT domain-containing ubiquitin ligase (E3) that is involved in several signaling pathways, transcriptional regulation, neural differentiation, DNA damage responses and apoptosis. However, the function of HUWE1 in the various types of cancer remains unclear. A previous study indicated that HUWE1 exhibited different roles depending on the cancer type due to the ubiquitination of various substrates. The objective of the present study was to determine whether HUWE1 can be employed as a prognostic indicator in human cancer. The expression of HUWE1 was examined using the Oncomine database, and gene alterations during carcinogenesis, copy number alterations and mutations of HUWE1 were then analyzed using cBioPortal, which is the International Cancer Genome Consortium and the Tumorscape database. Furthermore, the association between HUWE1 expression and patient survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier plotter and the PrognoScan databases. In addition, the present study attempted to establish the functional association between HUWE1 expression and cancer phenotypes, and the results revealed that HUWE1 may serve as a diagnostic marker or therapeutic target for certain types of cancer. HUWE1 may serve an oncogenic role in breast, brain and prostate cancer, while it may serve an anti-oncogenic role in colorectal cancer and certain lung cancers. The function of HUWE1 and its mechanisms require more in-depth and extensive investigation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Jiabao Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jia Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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25
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Yanku Y, Bitman-Lotan E, Zohar Y, Kurant E, Zilke N, Eilers M, Orian A. Drosophila HUWE1 Ubiquitin Ligase Regulates Endoreplication and Antagonizes JNK Signaling During Salivary Gland Development. Cells 2018; 7:E151. [PMID: 30261639 PMCID: PMC6210797 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The HECT-type ubiquitin ligase HECT, UBA and WWE Domain Containing 1, (HUWE1) regulates key cancer-related pathways, including the Myc oncogene. It affects cell proliferation, stress and immune signaling, mitochondria homeostasis, and cell death. HUWE1 is evolutionarily conserved from Caenorhabditis elegance to Drosophila melanogaster and Humans. Here, we report that the Drosophila ortholog, dHUWE1 (CG8184), is an essential gene whose loss results in embryonic lethality and whose tissue-specific disruption establishes its regulatory role in larval salivary gland development. dHUWE1 is essential for endoreplication of salivary gland cells and its knockdown results in the inability of these cells to replicate DNA. Remarkably, dHUWE1 is a survival factor that prevents premature activation of JNK signaling, thus preventing the disintegration of the salivary gland, which occurs physiologically during pupal stages. This function of dHUWE1 is general, as its inhibitory effect is observed also during eye development and at the organismal level. Epistatic studies revealed that the loss of dHUWE1 is compensated by dMyc proeitn expression or the loss of dmP53. dHUWE1 is therefore a conserved survival factor that regulates organ formation during Drosophila development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifat Yanku
- Rappaport Research Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel.
| | - Eliya Bitman-Lotan
- Rappaport Research Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel.
| | - Yaniv Zohar
- Rappaport Research Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel.
- Institute of Pathology, RAMBAM Medical Center, Haifa 30196, Israel.
| | - Estee Kurant
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
| | - Norman Zilke
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program Institute of Biomedicine University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Martin Eilers
- Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Amir Orian
- Rappaport Research Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel.
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Kao SH, Wu HT, Wu KJ. Ubiquitination by HUWE1 in tumorigenesis and beyond. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:67. [PMID: 30176860 PMCID: PMC6122628 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination modulates a large repertoire of cellular functions and thus, dysregulation of the ubiquitin system results in multiple human diseases, including cancer. Ubiquitination requires an E3 ligase, which is responsible for substrate recognition and conferring specificity to ubiquitination. HUWE1 is a multifaceted HECT domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase, which catalyzes both mono-ubiquitination and K6-, K48- and K63-linked poly-ubiquitination of its substrates. Many of the substrates of HUWE1 play a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular development. Not surprisingly, dysregulation of HUWE1 is associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. HUWE1 is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, but can be downregulated in brain tumors, suggesting that HUWE1 may possess differing cell-specific functions depending on the downstream targets of HUWE1. This review introduces some important discoveries of the HUWE1 substrates, including those controlling proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and responses to stress. In addition, we review the signaling pathways HUWE1 participates in and obstacles to the identification of HUWE1 substrates. We also discuss up-to-date potential therapeutic designs using small molecules or ubiquitin variants (UbV) against the HUWE1 activity. These molecular advances provide a translational platform for future bench-to-bed studies. HUWE1 is a critical ubiquitination modulator during the tumor progression and may serve as a possible therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Han Kao
- Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 91, Hseuh-Shih Rd, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Han-Tsang Wu
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, 500, Taiwan
| | - Kou-Juey Wu
- Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 91, Hseuh-Shih Rd, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Institute of New Drug Development, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Departmet of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Yang D, Cheng D, Tu Q, Yang H, Sun B, Yan L, Dai H, Luo J, Mao B, Cao Y, Yu X, Jiang H, Zhao X. HUWE1 controls the development of non-small cell lung cancer through down-regulation of p53. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:3517-3529. [PMID: 30026863 PMCID: PMC6037029 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer type and the leading cause of tumor-associated deaths worldwide. TP53 is an important tumor suppressor gene and is frequently inactivated in lung cancer. E3 ligases targeting p53, such as MDM2, are involved in the development of lung cancer. The E3 ligase HUWE1, which targets many tumor-associated proteins including p53, has been reported to be highly expressed in lung cancer; however, its role in lung tumorigenesis is unclear. Methods: The expression of HUWE1 and p53 in lung cancer cells was modulated and the phenotypes were assessed by performing soft agar colony forming assays, cell cycle analysis, BrdU incorporation assays, and xenograft tumor growth assays. The effect on tumorigenesis in genetically-engineered mice was also analyzed. The mechanism through which HUWE1 sustained lung cancer cell malignancy was confirmed by western blotting. HUWE1 expression in clinical lung cancer was identified by immunohistochemistry and validated by analyzing lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous carcinoma samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Finally, we assessed the association between HUWE1 expression and patient outcome using online survival analysis software including survival information from the caBIG, GEO, and TCGA database. Results: Inactivation of HUWE1 in a human lung cancer cell line inhibited proliferation, colony-forming capacity, and tumorigenicity. Mechanistically, this phenotype was driven by increased p53, which was due to attenuated proteasomal degradation by HUWE1. Up-regulation of p53 inhibited cancer cell malignancy, mainly through the induction of p21 expression and the down-regulation of HIF1α. Huwe1 deletion completely abolished the development of EGFRVIII-induced lung cancer in Huwe1 conditional knockout mice. Furthermore, survival analysis of lung cancer patients showed that increased HUWE1 expression is significantly associated with worse prognosis. Conclusion: Our data suggest that HUWE1 plays a critical role in lung cancer and that the HUWE1-p53 axis might be a potential target for lung cancer therapy.
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Liu F, Cao L, Zhang T, Chang F, Xu Y, Li Q, Deng J, Li L, Shao G. CRL4B RBBP7 targets HUWE1 for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:440-447. [PMID: 29738775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1/Mule/ARF-BP1 plays an important role in diverse biological processes including DNA damage repair and apoptosis. Our previous study has shown that in response to DNA damage HUWE1 was downregulated in CUL4B-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation, and CUL4B-mediated regulation of HUWE1 was important for cell survival upon DNA damage. CUL4B is a core component of the CUL4B Ring ligase complexes containing ROC1, DDB1 and a DDB1-Cullin Associated Factors (DCAFs), the latter of which are DDB1-binding WD40 adaptors critical for substrate recognition and recruitment. However, the identity of DCAF in CRL4B that mediates degradation of HUWE1 remains elusive. Here we report that RBBP7 is the DCAF in the CRL4B complex bridging the DDB1-CUL4B-ROC1 to HUWE1. Loading of HUWE1 to the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex resulted in its polyubiquitination, and consequently its proteasome mediated degradation. Overexpression of RBBP7 promoted HUWE1 protein degradation, while depletion of RBBP7 stabilized HUWE1, and hence accelerated the degradation of MCL-1 and BRCA1, two substrates of HUWE1 that are critical in apoptosis and DNA damage repair. Taken together, these data reveal CRL4BRBBP7 is the E3 ligase responsible for the proteasomal degradation of HUWE1, and further provide a potential strategy for cancer therapy by targeting HUWE1 and the CUL4B E3 ligase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fen Chang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yongjie Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jingcheng Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Genze Shao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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29
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Subcellular localisation modulates ubiquitylation and degradation of Ascl1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4625. [PMID: 29545540 PMCID: PMC5854709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The proneural transcription factor Ascl1 is a master regulator of neurogenesis, coordinating proliferation and differentiation in the central nervous system. While its expression is well characterised, post-translational regulation is much less well understood. Here we demonstrate that a population of chromatin-bound Ascl1 can be found associated with short chains of ubiquitin while cytoplasmic Ascl1 harbours much longer ubiquitin chains. Only cytoplasmic ubiquitylation targets Ascl1 for destruction, which occurs by conjugation of ubiquitin to lysines in the basic helix-loop-helix domain of Ascl1 and requires the E3 ligase Huwe1. In contrast, chromatin-bound Ascl1 associated with short ubiquitin-chains, which can occur on lysines within the N-terminal region or the bHLH domain and is not mediated by Huwe1, is not targeted for ubiquitin-mediated destruction. We therefore offer further insights into post-translational regulation of Ascl1, highlighting complex regulation of ubiquitylation and degradation in the cytoplasm and on chromatin.
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30
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George AJ, Hoffiz YC, Charles AJ, Zhu Y, Mabb AM. A Comprehensive Atlas of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Mutations in Neurological Disorders. Front Genet 2018; 9:29. [PMID: 29491882 PMCID: PMC5817383 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is a posttranslational modification that plays an integral part in mediating diverse cellular functions. The process of protein ubiquitination requires an enzymatic cascade that consists of a ubiquitin activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (E2) and an E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3). There are an estimated 600-700 E3 ligase genes representing ~5% of the human genome. Not surprisingly, mutations in E3 ligase genes have been observed in multiple neurological conditions. We constructed a comprehensive atlas of disrupted E3 ligase genes in common (CND) and rare neurological diseases (RND). Of the predicted and known human E3 ligase genes, we found ~13% were mutated in a neurological disorder with 83 total genes representing 70 different types of neurological diseases. Of the E3 ligase genes identified, 51 were associated with an RND. Here, we provide an updated list of neurological disorders associated with E3 ligase gene disruption. We further highlight research in these neurological disorders and discuss the advanced technologies used to support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene J. George
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yarely C. Hoffiz
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Ying Zhu
- Creative Media Industries Institute & Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Angela M. Mabb
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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DNA damage-induced histone H1 ubiquitylation is mediated by HUWE1 and stimulates the RNF8-RNF168 pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15353. [PMID: 29127375 PMCID: PMC5681673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR), comprising distinct repair and signalling pathways, safeguards genomic integrity. Protein ubiquitylation is an important regulatory mechanism of the DDR. To study its role in the UV-induced DDR, we characterized changes in protein ubiquitylation following DNA damage using quantitative di-Gly proteomics. Interestingly, we identified multiple sites of histone H1 that are ubiquitylated upon UV-damage. We show that UV-dependent histone H1 ubiquitylation at multiple lysines is mediated by the E3-ligase HUWE1. Recently, it was shown that poly-ubiquitylated histone H1 is an important signalling intermediate in the double strand break response. This poly-ubiquitylation is dependent on RNF8 and Ubc13 which extend pre-existing ubiquitin modifications to K63-linked chains. Here we demonstrate that HUWE1 depleted cells showed reduced recruitment of RNF168 and 53BP1 to sites of DNA damage, two factors downstream of RNF8 mediated histone H1 poly-ubiquitylation, while recruitment of MDC1, which act upstream of histone H1 ubiquitylation, was not affected. Our data show that histone H1 is a prominent target for ubiquitylation after UV-induced DNA damage. Our data are in line with a model in which HUWE1 primes histone H1 with ubiquitin to allow ubiquitin chain elongation by RNF8, thereby stimulating the RNF8-RNF168 mediated DDR.
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Fok KL, Bose R, Sheng K, Chang CW, Katz-Egorov M, Culty M, Su S, Yang M, Ruan YC, Chan HC, Iavarone A, Lasorella A, Cencic R, Pelletier J, Nagano M, Xu W, Wing SS. Huwe1 Regulates the Establishment and Maintenance of Spermatogonia by Suppressing DNA Damage Response. Endocrinology 2017; 158:4000-4016. [PMID: 28938460 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is sustained by a heterogeneous population of spermatogonia that includes the spermatogonial stem cells. However, the mechanisms underlying their establishment from gonocyte embryonic precursors and their maintenance thereafter remain largely unknown. In this study, we report that inactivation of the ubiquitin ligase Huwe1 in male germ cells in mice led to the degeneration of spermatogonia in neonates and resulted in a Sertoli cell-only phenotype in the adult. Huwe1 knockout gonocytes showed a decrease in mitotic re-entry, which inhibited their transition to spermatogonia. Inactivation of Huwe1 in primary spermatogonial culture or the C18-4 cell line resulted in cell degeneration. Degeneration of Huwe1 knockout spermatogonia was associated with an increased level of histone H2AX and an elevated DNA damage response that led to apparent mitotic catastrophe but not apoptosis or senescence. Blocking this increase in H2AX prevented the degeneration of Huwe1-depleted cells. Taken together, these results reveal a previously undefined role of Huwe1 in orchestrating the physiological DNA damage response in the male germline that contributes to the establishment and maintenance of spermatogonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Lam Fok
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rohini Bose
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Kai Sheng
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ching-Wen Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mira Katz-Egorov
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Martine Culty
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Sicheng Su
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ye Chun Ruan
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hsiao Chang Chan
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
| | - Anna Lasorella
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
| | - Regina Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Makoto Nagano
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Wenming Xu
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Simon S Wing
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
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Abstract
More than 80% of all cases of deafness are related to the death or degeneration of cochlear hair cells and the associated spiral ganglion neurons, and a lack of regeneration of these cells leads to permanent hearing loss. Therefore, the regeneration of lost hair cells is an important goal for the treatment of deafness. Atoh1 is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that is critical in both the development and regeneration of cochlear hair cells. Atoh1 is transcriptionally regulated by several signaling pathways, including Notch and Wnt signalings. At the post-translational level, it is regulated through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that manipulation of these signaling pathways not only controls development, but also leads to the regeneration of cochlear hair cells after damage. Recent progress toward understanding the signaling networks involved in hair cell development and regeneration has led to the development of new strategies to replace lost hair cells. This review focuses on our current understanding of the signaling pathways that regulate Atoh1 in the cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Fu Cheng
- Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, China.,School of Medicine, Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, China.,Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science, Taipei 112, Taiwan, China
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34
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Huwe1 Sustains Normal Ovarian Epithelial Cell Transformation and Tumor Growth through the Histone H1.3-H19 Cascade. Cancer Res 2017; 77:4773-4784. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Ma W, Zhao P, Zang L, Zhang K, Liao H, Hu Z. Tumour suppressive function of HUWE1 in thyroid cancer. J Biosci 2017; 41:395-405. [PMID: 27581931 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-016-9623-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
HUWE1 (the HECT, UBA, and WWE domain-containing protein 1) is an ubiquitin E3 ligase which plays an important role in coordinating diverse cellular processes. It has been found to be dysregulated in various cancer type and its functions in tumorigenesis remain controversial. The potential tumour suppressive role of HUWE1 in thyroid cancer development was investigated by knocking down HUWE1 in three authentic thyroid cancer cell lines, WRO, FTC133 and BCPAP, followed by various functional assays, including cell proliferation, scratch wound healing and invasion assays. Xenograft experiment was performed to examine in vivo tumour suppressive properties of HUWE1. Small-interfering RNA mediated knockdown of HUWE1 promoted cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion in thyroid cancer cells. Overexpression of HUWE1 conferred partial sensitivity to chemo drugs interfering with DNA replication in these cells. Moreover, HUWE1 was found to be down-regulated in human thyroid cancer tissues compared with matched normal thyroid tissues. In addition, overexpression of HUWE1 significantly inhibited tumour growth in vivo using xenograft mouse models. Mechanistic investigation revealed that HUWE1 can regulate p53 protein level through its stabilization. HUWE1 functions as a tumour suppressor in thyroid cancer progression, which may represent a novel therapeutic target for prevention or intervention of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyuan Ma
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000 Hebei Province, China
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Kulej K, Avgousti DC, Sidoli S, Herrmann C, Della Fera AN, Kim ET, Garcia BA, Weitzman MD. Time-resolved Global and Chromatin Proteomics during Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Infection. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:S92-S107. [PMID: 28179408 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.065987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) lytic infection results in global changes to the host cell proteome and the proteins associated with host chromatin. We present a system level characterization of proteome dynamics during infection by performing a multi-dimensional analysis during HSV-1 lytic infection of human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. Our study includes identification and quantification of the host and viral proteomes, phosphoproteomes, chromatin bound proteomes and post-translational modifications (PTMs) on cellular histones during infection. We analyzed proteomes across six time points of virus infection (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 h post-infection) and clustered trends in abundance using fuzzy c-means. Globally, we accurately quantified more than 4000 proteins, 200 differently modified histone peptides and 9000 phosphorylation sites on cellular proteins. In addition, we identified 67 viral proteins and quantified 571 phosphorylation events (465 with high confidence site localization) on viral proteins, which is currently the most comprehensive map of HSV-1 phosphoproteome. We investigated chromatin bound proteins by proteomic analysis of the high-salt chromatin fraction and identified 510 proteins that were significantly different in abundance during infection. We found 53 histone marks significantly regulated during virus infection, including a steady increase of histone H3 acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac). Our data provide a resource of unprecedented depth for human and viral proteome dynamics during infection. Collectively, our results indicate that the proteome composition of the chromatin of HFF cells is highly affected during HSV-1 infection, and that phosphorylation events are abundant on viral proteins. We propose that our epi-proteomics approach will prove to be important in the characterization of other model infectious systems that involve changes to chromatin composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kulej
- From the ‡Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,§Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daphne C Avgousti
- From the ‡Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,§Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Simone Sidoli
- ¶Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,‖Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christin Herrmann
- §Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,**Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashley N Della Fera
- §Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Eui Tae Kim
- From the ‡Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,§Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- ¶Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; .,‖Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew D Weitzman
- From the ‡Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; .,§Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Dadson K, Hauck L, Hao Z, Grothe D, Rao V, Mak TW, Billia F. The E3 ligase Mule protects the heart against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through Myc-dependent inactivation of Pgc-1α and Pink1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41490. [PMID: 28148912 PMCID: PMC5288653 DOI: 10.1038/srep41490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac homeostasis requires proper control of protein turnover. Protein degradation is principally controlled by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. Mule is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates cellular growth, DNA repair and apoptosis to maintain normal tissue architecture. However, Mule’s function in the heart has yet to be described. In a screen, we found reduced Mule expression in left ventricular samples from end-stage heart failure patients. Consequently, we generated conditional cardiac-specific Mule knockout (Mule fl/fl(y);mcm) mice. Mule ablation in adult Mule fl/fl(y);mcm mice prevented myocardial c-Myc polyubiquitination, leading to c-Myc accumulation and subsequent reduced expression of Pgc-1α, Pink1, and mitochondrial complex proteins. Furthermore, these mice developed spontaneous cardiac hypertrophy, left ventricular dysfunction, and early mortality. Co-deletion of Mule and c-Myc rescued this phenotype. Our data supports an indispensable role for Mule in cardiac homeostasis through the regulation of mitochondrial function via maintenance of Pgc-1α and Pink1 expression and persistent negative regulation of c-Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Dadson
- Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Ontario Canada
| | - Ludger Hauck
- Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Ontario Canada
| | - Zhenyue Hao
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniela Grothe
- Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Ontario Canada
| | - Vivek Rao
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, UHN, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Tak W Mak
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Filio Billia
- Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Ontario Canada.,Division of Cardiology, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5G 1A8, Ontario Canada
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Yatsenko SA, Mittal P, Wood-Trageser MA, Jones MW, Surti U, Edwards RP, Sood AK, Rajkovic A. Highly heterogeneous genomic landscape of uterine leiomyomas by whole exome sequencing and genome-wide arrays. Fertil Steril 2016; 107:457-466.e9. [PMID: 27889101 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the genomic signatures of human uterine leiomyomas and prevalence of MED12 mutations in human uterine leiomyosarcomas. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) This study included a set of 16 fresh frozen leiomyoma and corresponding unaffected myometrium specimens as well as 153 leiomyosarcomas collected from women diagnosed with uterine leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas who underwent clinically indicated abdominal hysterectomy. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Whole exome sequencing and high-resolution X-chromosome and whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism microarray analyses were performed on leiomyoma samples negative for the known MED12 mutations and compared with their corresponding myometrium. Leiomyosarcoma specimens were examined for exon 2 MED12 mutations to evaluate the frequency of MED12 mutated leiomyosarcomas. RESULT(S) Our results indicate remarkable genomic heterogeneity of leiomyoma lesions. MED12-negative leiomyomas contain copy number alterations involving the Mediator complex subunits such as MED8, MED18, CDK8, and long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA340 (CASC15), which may affect the Mediator architecture and/or its transcriptional activity. We also identified mutations in a number of genes that were implicated in leiomyomagenesis such as COL4A6, DCN, and AHR, as well as novel genes: NRG1, ADAM18, HUWE1, FBXW4, FBXL13, and CAPRIN1. CONCLUSION(S) Mutations in genes implicated in cell-to-cell interactions and remodeling of the extracellular matrix and genomic aberrations involving genes coding for the Mediator complex subunits were identified in uterine leiomyomas. Additionally, we discovered that ∼4.6% of leiomyosarcomas harbored MED12 exon 2 mutations, but the relevance of this association with molecular pathogenesis of leiomyosarcoma remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A Yatsenko
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology, Magee-Women's Hospital of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Priya Mittal
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michelle A Wood-Trageser
- Department of Pathology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mirka W Jones
- Department of Pathology, Magee-Women's Hospital of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Urvashi Surti
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology, Magee-Women's Hospital of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology, Magee-Women's Hospital of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Hong X, Liu W, Song R, Shah JJ, Feng X, Tsang CK, Morgan KM, Bunting SF, Inuzuka H, Zheng XFS, Shen Z, Sabaawy HE, Liu L, Pine SR. SOX9 is targeted for proteasomal degradation by the E3 ligase FBW7 in response to DNA damage. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:8855-8869. [PMID: 27566146 PMCID: PMC5062998 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX9 encodes a transcription factor that governs cell fate specification throughout development and tissue homeostasis. Elevated SOX9 is implicated in the genesis and progression of human tumors by increasing cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We found that in response to UV irradiation or genotoxic chemotherapeutics, SOX9 is actively degraded in various cancer types and in normal epithelial cells, through a pathway independent of p53, ATM, ATR and DNA-PK. SOX9 is phosphorylated by GSK3β, facilitating the binding of SOX9 to the F-box protein FBW7α, an E3 ligase that functions in the DNA damage response pathway. The binding of FBW7α to the SOX9 K2 domain at T236-T240 targets SOX9 for subsequent ubiquitination and proteasomal destruction. Exogenous overexpression of SOX9 after genotoxic stress increases cell survival. Our findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism for SOX9 stability and uncover a unique function of SOX9 in the cellular response to DNA damage. This new mechanism underlying a FBW7-SOX9 axis in cancer could have implications in therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Hong
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Ruipeng Song
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jamie J Shah
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Xing Feng
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Chi Kwan Tsang
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Katherine M Morgan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Samuel F Bunting
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - X F Steven Zheng
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Shen
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Hatem E Sabaawy
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0019, USA
| | - LianXin Liu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sharon R Pine
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0019, USA
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40
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Cheng YF, Tong M, Edge ASB. Destabilization of Atoh1 by E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Huwe1 and Casein Kinase 1 Is Essential for Normal Sensory Hair Cell Development. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21096-21109. [PMID: 27542412 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.722124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proneural basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, Atoh1, plays a key role in the development of sensory hair cells. We show here that the level of Atoh1 must be accurately controlled by degradation of the protein in addition to the regulation of Atoh1 gene expression to achieve normal cellular patterning during development of the cochlear sensory epithelium. The stability of Atoh1 was regulated by the ubiquitin proteasome system through the action of Huwe1, a HECT-domain, E3 ubiquitin ligase. An interaction between Huwe1 and Atoh1 could be visualized by a proximity ligation assay and was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. Transfer of a lysine 48-linked polyubiquitin chain to Atoh1 by Huwe1 could be demonstrated both in intact cells and in a cell-free system, and proteasome inhibition or Huwe1 silencing increased Atoh1 levels. The interaction with Huwe1 and polyubiquitylation were blocked by disruption of casein kinase 1 (CK1) activity, and mass spectrometry and mutational analysis identified serine 334 as an important phosphorylation site for Atoh1 ubiquitylation and subsequent degradation. Phosphorylation by CK1 thus targeted the protein for degradation. Development of an extra row of inner hair cells in the cochlea and an approximate doubling in the number of afferent synapses was observed after embryonic or early postnatal deletion of Huwe1 in cochlear-supporting cells, and hair cells died in the early postnatal period when Huwe1 was knocked out in the developing cochlea. These data indicate that the regulation of Atoh1 by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway is necessary for hair cell fate determination and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Fu Cheng
- From the Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University/Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, the Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, and the Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Mingjie Tong
- the Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, and the Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Albert S B Edge
- From the Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University/Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, the Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, and the Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Tsigelny IF, Kouznetsova VL, Lian N, Kesari S. Molecular mechanisms of OLIG2 transcription factor in brain cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:53074-53101. [PMID: 27447975 PMCID: PMC5288170 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 (OLIG2) plays a pivotal role in glioma development. Here we conducted a comprehensive study of the critical gene regulatory networks involving OLIG2. These include the networks responsible for OLIG2 expression, its translocation to nucleus, cell cycle, epigenetic regulation, and Rho-pathway interactions. We described positive feedback loops including OLIG2: loops of epigenetic regulation and loops involving receptor tyrosine kinases. These loops may be responsible for the prolonged oncogenic activity of OLIG2. The proposed schemes for epigenetic regulation of the gene networks involving OLIG2 are confirmed by patient survival (Kaplan-Meier) curves based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) datasets. Finally, we elucidate the Coherent-Gene Modules (CGMs) networks-framework of OLIG2 involvement in cancer. We showed that genes interacting with OLIG2 formed eight CGMs having a set of intermodular connections. We showed also that among the genes involved in these modules the most connected hub is EGFR, then, on lower level, HSP90 and CALM1, followed by three lower levels including epigenetic genes KDM1A and NCOR1. The genes on the six upper levels of the hierarchy are involved in interconnections of all eight CGMs and organize functionally defined gene-signaling subnetworks having specific functions. For example, CGM1 is involved in epigenetic control. CGM2 is significantly related to cell proliferation and differentiation. CGM3 includes a number of interconnected helix-loop-helix transcription factors (bHLH) including OLIG2. Many of these TFs are partially controlled by OLIG2. The CGM4 is involved in PDGF-related: angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. These analyses provide testable hypotheses and approaches to inhibit OLIG2 pathway and relevant feed-forward and feedback loops to be interrogated. This broad approach can be applied to other TFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor F. Tsigelny
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0752, CA, USA
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0505, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA
| | - Valentina L. Kouznetsova
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0505, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Lian
- REHS, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0505, CA, USA
| | - Santosh Kesari
- John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, 90404, CA, USA
- Pacific Neuroscience Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, 90404, CA, USA
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Urbán N, van den Berg DLC, Forget A, Andersen J, Demmers JAA, Hunt C, Ayrault O, Guillemot F. Return to quiescence of mouse neural stem cells by degradation of a proactivation protein. Science 2016; 353:292-5. [PMID: 27418510 PMCID: PMC5321528 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf4802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Quiescence is essential for long-term maintenance of adult stem cells. Niche signals regulate the transit of stem cells from dormant to activated states. Here, we show that the E3-ubiquitin ligase Huwe1 (HECT, UBA, and WWE domain-containing 1) is required for proliferating stem cells of the adult mouse hippocampus to return to quiescence. Huwe1 destabilizes proactivation protein Ascl1 (achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 1) in proliferating hippocampal stem cells, which prevents accumulation of cyclin Ds and promotes the return to a resting state. When stem cells fail to return to quiescence, the proliferative stem cell pool becomes depleted. Thus, long-term maintenance of hippocampal neurogenesis depends on the return of stem cells to a transient quiescent state through the rapid degradation of a key proactivation factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Urbán
- The Francis Crick Institute-Mill Hill Laboratory, NW7 1AA, London, UK.
| | | | - Antoine Forget
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405, Orsay, France. Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Jimena Andersen
- The Francis Crick Institute-Mill Hill Laboratory, NW7 1AA, London, UK
| | - Jeroen A A Demmers
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Charles Hunt
- The Francis Crick Institute-Mill Hill Laboratory, NW7 1AA, London, UK
| | - Olivier Ayrault
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405, Orsay, France. Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, 91405, Orsay, France
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43
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Petrakis TG, Komseli ES, Papaioannou M, Vougas K, Polyzos A, Myrianthopoulos V, Mikros E, Trougakos IP, Thanos D, Branzei D, Townsend P, Gorgoulis VG. Exploring and exploiting the systemic effects of deregulated replication licensing. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 37-38:3-15. [PMID: 26707000 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance and accurate propagation of the genetic material are key features for physiological development and wellbeing. The replication licensing machinery is crucial for replication precision as it ensures that replication takes place once per cell cycle. Thus, the expression status of the components comprising the replication licensing apparatus is tightly regulated to avoid re-replication; a form of replication stress that leads to genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer. In the present review we discuss the mechanistic basis of replication licensing deregulation, which leads to systemic effects, exemplified by its role in carcinogenesis and a variety of genetic syndromes. In addition, new insights demonstrate that above a particular threshold, the replication licensing factor Cdc6 acts as global transcriptional regulator, outlining new lines of exploration. The role of the putative replication licensing factor ChlR1/DDX11, mutated in the Warsaw Breakage Syndrome, in cancer is also considered. Finally, future perspectives focused on the potential therapeutic advantage by targeting replication licensing factors, and particularly Cdc6, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros G Petrakis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini-Stavroula Komseli
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marilena Papaioannou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas Vougas
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Mikros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Thanos
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dana Branzei
- FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Townsend
- Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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44
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DNA replication and cancer: From dysfunctional replication origin activities to therapeutic opportunities. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 37-38:16-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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45
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Choe KN, Nicolae CM, Constantin D, Imamura Kawasawa Y, Delgado-Diaz MR, De S, Freire R, Smits VA, Moldovan GL. HUWE1 interacts with PCNA to alleviate replication stress. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:874-86. [PMID: 27146073 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201541685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in DNA replication, DNA damage response, and DNA repair compromise genomic stability and promote cancer development. In particular, unrepaired DNA lesions can arrest the progression of the DNA replication machinery during S-phase, causing replication stress, mutations, and DNA breaks. HUWE1 is a HECT-type ubiquitin ligase that targets proteins involved in cell fate, survival, and differentiation. Here, we report that HUWE1 is essential for genomic stability, by promoting replication of damaged DNA We show that HUWE1-knockout cells are unable to mitigate replication stress, resulting in replication defects and DNA breakage. Importantly, we find that this novel role of HUWE1 requires its interaction with the replication factor PCNA, a master regulator of replication fork restart, at stalled replication forks. Finally, we provide evidence that HUWE1 mono-ubiquitinates H2AX to promote signaling at stalled forks. Altogether, our work identifies HUWE1 as a novel regulator of the replication stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine N Choe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Claudia M Nicolae
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Maria Rocio Delgado-Diaz
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, La Laguna Tenerife, Spain
| | - Subhajyoti De
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA Molecular Oncology Program, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Raimundo Freire
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, La Laguna Tenerife, Spain
| | - Veronique Aj Smits
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, La Laguna Tenerife, Spain
| | - George-Lucian Moldovan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E Coleman
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tony T Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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47
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Chen C, Lu J, Yu Q, Xiao JR, Wei HF, Song XJ, Ge JB, Tao WD, Qian R, Yu XW, Zhao J. Expression of CDc6 after acute spinal cord injury in adult rats. Neuropeptides 2016; 56:59-67. [PMID: 26899166 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The cell division cycle 6 (CDc6) protein has been primarily investigated as a component of the pre-replicative complex for the initiation of DNA replication. Some studies have shown that CDc6 played a critical role in the development of human carcinoma. However, the expression and roles of CDc6 in the central nervous system remain unknown. We have performed an acute spinal cord injury (SCI) model in adult rats and investigated the dynamic changes of CDc6 expression in spinal cord. Western blot have found that CDc6 protein levels first significantly increase, reach a peak at day 3, and then gradually return to normal level at day 14 after SCI. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that CDc6 immunoreactivity was found in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. Additionally, colocalization of CDc6/active caspase-3 has been detected in neurons and colocalization of CDc6/proliferating cell nuclear antigen has been detected in astrocytes and microglial. In vitro, CDc6 depletion by short interfering RNA inhibits astrocyte proliferation and reduces cyclin A and cyclin D1 protein levels. CDc6 knockdown also decreases neuronal apoptosis. We speculate that CDc6 might play crucial roles in CNS pathophysiology after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Second People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Medical image, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Ru Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, 200000 Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Feng Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, 200000 Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-jian Song
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Second People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Bing Ge
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Second People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Dong Tao
- Department of Neurology, Nantong Second People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rong Qian
- Department of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233 Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, 200000 Shanghai, China.
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48
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Kalfalah FM, Berg E, Christensen MO, Linka RM, Dirks WG, Boege F, Mielke C. Spatio-temporal regulation of the human licensing factor Cdc6 in replication and mitosis. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:1704-15. [PMID: 25875233 PMCID: PMC4614858 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2014.1000182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To maintain genome stability, the thousands of replication origins of mammalian genomes must only initiate replication once per cell cycle. This is achieved by a strict temporal separation of ongoing replication in S phase, and the formation of pre-replicative complexes in the preceding G1 phase, which "licenses" each origin competent for replication. The contribution of the loading factor Cdc6 to the timing of the licensing process remained however elusive due to seemingly contradictory findings concerning stabilization, degradation and nuclear export of Cdc6. Using fluorescently tagged Cdc6 (Cdc6-YFP) expressed in living cycling cells, we demonstrate here that Cdc6-YFP is stable and chromatin-associated during mitosis and G1 phase. It undergoes rapid proteasomal degradation during S phase initiation followed by active export to the cytosol during S and G2 phases. Biochemical fractionation abolishes this nuclear exclusion, causing aberrant chromatin association of Cdc6-YFP and, likely, endogenous Cdc6, too. In addition, we demonstrate association of Cdc6 with centrosomes in late G2 and during mitosis. These results show that multiple Cdc6-regulatory mechanisms coexist but are tightly controlled in a cell cycle-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza M Kalfalah
- a Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics; University Düsseldorf; Medical Faculty , Düsseldorf , Germany
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Abstract
SUMO posttranslational modification directs gene transcription and epigenetic programming to support normal cell function. The dynamic nature of SUMO-modification makes it difficult to identify endogenous protein substrates. Isolation of chromatin-bound SUMO targets is exceptionally challenging, as conventional immunoprecipitation assays are inefficient at concentrating this protein population. This chapter describes a protocol that effectively precipitates chromatin-associated fractions of SUMOylated heterochromatin protein 1α in cultured cells. Techniques to enrich endogenous SUMO substrates at the chromatin are also demonstrated and discussed. This approach could be adapted to evaluate chromatin-bound SUMO targets in additional in vivo systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Bawa-Khalfe
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, SERC Bldg, Rm 3010, Houston, TX, 77204-5056, USA.
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50
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High expression of CDC6 is associated with accelerated cell proliferation and poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2015; 212:239-46. [PMID: 26920249 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) is an essential regulator of DNA replication and plays important roles in the activation and maintenance of the checkpoint mechanisms in the cell cycle. CDC6 has been associated with the oncogenic activities in human cancers, but the biological function and clinical significance of CDC6 in EOC remain unclear. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of CDC6 on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells proliferation. We found that CDC6 protein level was up-regulated in EOC tissues compared with the normal ovary tissues. CDC6 expression correlated significantly with FIGO stage (p<0.001), differentiation grade (p=0.002), ascites (p<0.001), malignant tumor cells in ascites (p=0.004), and lymph node status (p<0.001). In vitro, after the release of ovarian cancer cell line (HO8910) from serum starvation, the expression of CDC6, cyclinD1, and PCNA was up-regulated, whereas p16 expression was down-regulated. Furthermore, down-regulation of CDC6 in HO8910 cells decreased cell proliferation and colony formation. HO8910 cells transfected with sh CDC6#1 underwent G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Collectively, this study provides a novel regulatory signaling pathway of CDC6-regulated EOC growth and a new potential therapeutic target for EOC patients.
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