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Fortino M, Arnesano F, Pietropaolo A. Unraveling Copper Exchange in the Atox1-Cu(I)-Mnk1 Heterodimer: A Simulation Approach. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5336-5343. [PMID: 38780400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Copper, an essential metal for various cellular processes, requires tight regulation to prevent cytotoxicity. Intracellular pathways crucial for maintaining optimal copper levels involve soluble and membrane transporters, namely, metallochaperones and P-type ATPases, respectively. In this study, we used a simulation workflow based on free-energy perturbation (FEP) theory and parallel bias metadynamics (PBMetaD) to predict the Cu(I) exchange mechanism between the human Cu(I) chaperone, Atox1, and one of its two physiological partners, ATP7A. ATP7A, also known as the Menkes disease protein, is a transmembrane protein and one of the main copper-transporting ATPases. It pumps copper into the trans-Golgi network for the maturation of cuproenzymes and is also essential for the efflux of excess copper across the plasma membrane. In this analysis, we utilized the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of the Cu(I)-mediated complex between Atox1 and the first soluble domain of the Menkes protein (Mnk1) as a starting point. Independent free-energy simulations were conducted to investigate the dissociation of both Atox1 and Mnk1. The calculations revealed that the two dissociations require free energy values of 6.3 and 6.2 kcal/mol, respectively, following a stepwise dissociation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Fortino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Arnesano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Adriana Pietropaolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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2
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Tavares LA, Rodrigues RL, Santos da Costa C, Nascimento JA, Vargas de Carvalho J, Nogueira de Carvalho A, Mardones GA, daSilva LLP. AP-1γ2 is an adaptor protein 1 variant required for endosome-to-Golgi trafficking of the mannose-6-P receptor (CI-MPR) and ATP7B copper transporter. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105700. [PMID: 38307383 PMCID: PMC10909764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective retrograde transport from endosomes back to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) is important for maintaining protein homeostasis, recycling receptors, and returning molecules that were transported to the wrong compartments. Two important transmembrane proteins directed to this pathway are the Cation-Independent Mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR) and the ATP7B copper transporter. Among CI-MPR functions is the delivery of acid hydrolases to lysosomes, while ATP7B facilitates the transport of cytosolic copper ions into organelles or the extracellular space. Precise subcellular localization of CI-MPR and ATP7B is essential for the proper functioning of these proteins. This study shows that both CI-MPR and ATP7B interact with a variant of the clathrin adaptor 1 (AP-1) complex that contains a specific isoform of the γ-adaptin subunit called γ2. Through synchronized anterograde trafficking and cell-surface uptake assays, we demonstrated that AP-1γ2 is dispensable for ATP7B and CI-MPR exit from the TGN while being critically required for ATP7B and CI-MPR retrieval from endosomes to the TGN. Moreover, AP-1γ2 depletion leads to the retention of endocytosed CI-MPR in endosomes enriched in retromer complex subunits. These data underscore the importance of AP-1γ2 as a key component in the sorting and trafficking machinery of CI-MPR and ATP7B, highlighting its essential role in the transport of proteins from endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alves Tavares
- Center for Virology Research and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Roger Luiz Rodrigues
- Center for Virology Research and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina Santos da Costa
- Center for Virology Research and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonas Alburqueque Nascimento
- Center for Virology Research and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Julianne Vargas de Carvalho
- Center for Virology Research and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreia Nogueira de Carvalho
- Center for Virology Research and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gonzalo A Mardones
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Luis L P daSilva
- Center for Virology Research and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Ruturaj, Mishra M, Saha S, Maji S, Rodriguez-Boulan E, Schreiner R, Gupta A. Regulation of the apico-basolateral trafficking polarity of the homologous copper-ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261258. [PMID: 38032054 PMCID: PMC10729821 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The homologous P-type copper-ATPases (Cu-ATPases) ATP7A and ATP7B are the key regulators of copper homeostasis in mammalian cells. In polarized epithelia, upon copper treatment, ATP7A and ATP7B traffic from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to basolateral and apical membranes, respectively. We characterized the sorting pathways of Cu-ATPases between TGN and the plasma membrane and identified the machinery involved. ATP7A and ATP7B reside on distinct domains of TGN in limiting copper conditions, and in high copper, ATP7A traffics to basolateral membrane, whereas ATP7B traverses common recycling, apical sorting and apical recycling endosomes en route to apical membrane. Mass spectrometry identified regulatory partners of ATP7A and ATP7B that include the adaptor protein-1 complex. Upon knocking out pan-AP-1, sorting of both Cu-ATPases is disrupted. ATP7A loses its trafficking polarity and localizes on both apical and basolateral surfaces in high copper. By contrast, ATP7B loses TGN retention but retained its trafficking polarity to the apical domain, which became copper independent. Using isoform-specific knockouts, we found that the AP-1A complex provides directionality and TGN retention for both Cu-ATPases, whereas the AP-1B complex governs copper-independent trafficking of ATP7B solely. Trafficking phenotypes of Wilson disease-causing ATP7B mutants that disrupts putative ATP7B-AP1 interaction further substantiates the role of AP-1 in apical sorting of ATP7B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruturaj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Soumyendu Saha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Saptarshi Maji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Enrique Rodriguez-Boulan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Arnab Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
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4
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Pernar Kovač M, Tadić V, Kralj J, Duran GE, Stefanelli A, Stupin Polančec D, Dabelić S, Bačić N, Tomicic MT, Heffeter P, Sikic BI, Brozovic A. Carboplatin-induced upregulation of pan β-tubulin and class III β-tubulin is implicated in acquired resistance and cross-resistance of ovarian cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:294. [PMID: 37718345 PMCID: PMC11071939 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy represents a major obstacle to long-term survival in ovarian cancer (OC) patients. Here, we studied the interplay between acquired carboplatin (CBP) resistance using two OC cell models, MES-OV CBP and SK-OV-3 CBP, and non-P-glycoprotein-mediated cross-resistance to paclitaxel (TAX) observed only in MES-OV CBP cells. Decreased platination, mesenchymal-like phenotype, and increased expression of α- and γ-tubulin were observed in both drug-resistant variants compared with parental cells. Both variants revealed increased protein expression of class III β-tubulin (TUBB3) but differences in TUBB3 branching and nuclear morphology. Transient silencing of TUBB3 sensitized MES-OV CBP cells to TAX, and surprisingly also to CBP. This phenomenon was not observed in the SK-OV-3 CBP variant, probably due to the compensation by other β-tubulin isotypes. Reduced TUBB3 levels in MES-OV CBP cells affected DNA repair protein trafficking and increased whole-cell platination level. Furthermore, TUBB3 depletion augmented therapeutic efficiency in additional OC cells, showing vice versa drug-resistant pattern, lacking β-tubulin isotype compensation visible at the level of total β-tubulin (TUBB) in vitro and ex vivo. In summary, the level of TUBB in OC should be considered together with TUBB3 in therapy response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareta Pernar Kovač
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Str. 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vanja Tadić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Str. 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Juran Kralj
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Str. 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - George E Duran
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Dr., 94305, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alessia Stefanelli
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sanja Dabelić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Niko Bačić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Str. 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja T Tomicic
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Branimir I Sikic
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Dr., 94305, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anamaria Brozovic
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Str. 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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5
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Xia Y, Wang WX. Bioimaging tools reveal copper processing in fish cells by mitophagy. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023:106633. [PMID: 37451870 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
As an essential trace metal, copper (Cu) regulation, distribution and detoxification among different cellular organelles remain much unknown. In the current study, bioimaging tool was used in visualizing the locations of Cu among different organelles in fish fin cells isolated from rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens. Exposure concentration of Cu directly affected the Cu bioaccumulation and toxicity. When the exposure dosage of Cu reached 100 µM, it began to damage the cells and affect the cell viability after 10 min of exposure. Remarkably, while various Cu concentrations (50∼150 µM) initially reduced the cell viability, they did not lead to a further loss in viability over extended exposure period. Upon entry to the cells, Cu was mainly targeted to the mitochondria whose number, size and network responded immediately to the incoming Cu. However, Cu toxicity did not increase time-dependently, strongly indicating that these mitochondria damaged by Cu could be removed and its cytotoxicity could be relieved. Bioimaging results showed that lysosomes interacted with the mitochondria, which were subsequently digested within a few minutes. Meanwhile the lysosomal number increased, and the size and pH of lysosomes decreased. These reactions were in line with the observed mitophagy, suggesting that mitochondrial Cu could be detoxified, and the damaged mitochondria were removed by lysosome via mitophagy. By further purifying the cellular organelles, the mitochondrial and lysosomal Cu amounts were quantified and found to be in line with the imaging results. The present study suggested that excessive mitochondrial Cu could be removed via mitophagy to relieve the Cu toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiteng Xia
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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6
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Thankachan JM, Setty SRG. KIF13A—A Key Regulator of Recycling Endosome Dynamics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:877532. [PMID: 35547822 PMCID: PMC9081326 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.877532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular motors of the kinesin superfamily (KIF) are a class of ATP-dependent motor proteins that transport cargo, including vesicles, along the tracks of the microtubule network. Around 45 KIF proteins have been described and are grouped into 14 subfamilies based on the sequence homology and domain organization. These motors facilitate a plethora of cellular functions such as vesicle transport, cell division and reorganization of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Current studies suggest that KIF13A, a kinesin-3 family member, associates with recycling endosomes and regulates their membrane dynamics (length and number). KIF13A has been implicated in several processes in many cell types, including cargo transport, recycling endosomal tubule biogenesis, cell polarity, migration and cytokinesis. Here we describe the recent advances in understanding the regulatory aspects of KIF13A motor in controlling the endosomal dynamics in addition to its structure, mechanism of its association to the membranes, regulators of motor activity, cell type-specific cargo/membrane transport, methods to measure its activity and its association with disease. Thus, this review article will provide our current understanding of the cell biological roles of KIF13A in regulating endosomal membrane remodeling.
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7
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Deo N, Redpath G. Serotonin Receptor and Transporter Endocytosis Is an Important Factor in the Cellular Basis of Depression and Anxiety. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:804592. [PMID: 35280519 PMCID: PMC8912961 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.804592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are common, debilitating psychiatric conditions affecting millions of people throughout the world. Current treatments revolve around selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), yet these drugs are only moderately effective at relieving depression. Moreover, up to 30% of sufferers are SSRI non-responders. Endocytosis, the process by which plasma membrane and extracellular constituents are internalized into the cell, plays a central role in the regulation of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-HT) signaling, SSRI function and depression and anxiety pathogenesis. Despite their therapeutic potential, surprisingly little is known about the endocytosis of the serotonin receptors (5-HT receptors) or the serotonin transporter (SERT). A subset of 5-HT receptors are endocytosed by clathrin-mediated endocytosis following serotonin binding, while for the majority of 5-HT receptors the endocytic regulation is not known. SERT internalizes serotonin from the extracellular space into the cell to limit the availability of serotonin for receptor binding and signaling. Endocytosis of SERT reduces serotonin uptake, facilitating serotonin signaling. SSRIs predominantly inhibit SERT, preventing serotonin uptake to enhance 5-HT receptor signaling, while hallucinogenic compounds directly activate specific 5-HT receptors, altering their interaction with endocytic adaptor proteins to induce alternate signaling outcomes. Further, multiple polymorphisms and transcriptional/proteomic alterations have been linked to depression, anxiety, and SSRI non-response. In this review, we detail the endocytic regulation of 5-HT receptors and SERT and outline how SSRIs and hallucinogenic compounds modulate serotonin signaling through endocytosis. Finally, we will examine the deregulated proteomes in depression and anxiety and link these with 5-HT receptor and SERT endocytosis. Ultimately, in attempting to integrate the current studies on the cellular biology of depression and anxiety, we propose that endocytosis is an important factor in the cellular basis of depression and anxiety. We will highlight how a thorough understanding 5-HT receptor and SERT endocytosis is integral to understanding the biological basis of depression and anxiety, and to facilitate the development of a next generation of specific, efficacious antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Deo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Gregory Redpath
- European Molecular Biology Lab (EMBL) Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences and the Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Gregory Redpath
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8
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Faghihi F, Khamirani HJ, Zoghi S, Kamal N, Yeganeh BS, Dianatpour M, Bagher Tabei SM, Dastgheib SA. Phenotypic spectrum of autosomal recessive Keratitis-Ichthyosis-Deafness Syndrome (KIDAR) due to mutations in AP1B1. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104449. [PMID: 35144013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors in copper metabolism result in a diverse set of abnormalities such as Wilson disease and MEDNIK syndrome. Homozygous pathogenic variants in AP1B1 lead to KIDAR (Keratitis-Ichthyosis-Deafness Syndrome). The main phenotypic features of KIDAR are ichthyosis, keratitis, erythroderma, and progressive hearing loss accompanied by developmental delay and failure to thrive. Herein, we describe a six-and-a-half-year-old boy with KIDAR caused by a novel pathogenic variant in AP1B1 (NM_001127.4:c.1263C > A, p.Tyr421*). The proband presented with ichthyosis, erythroderma, palmoplantar keratoderma, hearing loss, and corneal scarring. He also had hypotonia, global developmental delay, and photophobia. Lastly, we review all of the previously reported cases and the clinical features associated with KIDAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Faghihi
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari Khamirani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Comprehensive Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Zoghi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Neda Kamal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Babak Shirazi Yeganeh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dianatpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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9
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Golgi Metal Ion Homeostasis in Human Health and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020289. [PMID: 35053405 PMCID: PMC8773785 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane organelle located in the center of the protein processing and trafficking pathway. It consists of sub-compartments with distinct biochemical compositions and functions. Main functions of the Golgi, including membrane trafficking, protein glycosylation, and sorting, require a well-maintained stable microenvironment in the sub-compartments of the Golgi, along with metal ion homeostasis. Metal ions, such as Ca2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+, are important cofactors of many Golgi resident glycosylation enzymes. The homeostasis of metal ions in the secretory pathway, which is required for proper function and stress response of the Golgi, is tightly regulated and maintained by transporters. Mutations in the transporters cause human diseases. Here we provide a review specifically focusing on the transporters that maintain Golgi metal ion homeostasis under physiological conditions and their alterations in diseases.
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10
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Wen MH, Xie X, Huang PS, Yang K, Chen TY. Crossroads between membrane trafficking machinery and copper homeostasis in the nerve system. Open Biol 2021; 11:210128. [PMID: 34847776 PMCID: PMC8633785 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced copper homeostasis and perturbation of membrane trafficking are two common symptoms that have been associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Accumulating evidence from biophysical, cellular and in vivo studies suggest that membrane trafficking orchestrates both copper homeostasis and neural functions-however, a systematic review of how copper homeostasis and membrane trafficking interplays in neurons remains lacking. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the general trafficking itineraries for copper transporters and highlight several critical membrane trafficking regulators in maintaining copper homeostasis. We discuss how membrane trafficking regulators may alter copper transporter distribution in different membrane compartments to regulate intracellular copper homeostasis. Using Parkinson's disease and MEDNIK as examples, we further elaborate how misregulated trafficking regulators may interplay parallelly or synergistically with copper dyshomeostasis in devastating pathogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we explore multiple unsolved questions and highlight the existing challenges to understand how copper homeostasis is modulated through membrane trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Xihong Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Pei-San Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Karen Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tai-Yen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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11
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Sluysmans S, Méan I, Xiao T, Boukhatemi A, Ferreira F, Jond L, Mutero A, Chang CJ, Citi S. PLEKHA5, PLEKHA6, and PLEKHA7 bind to PDZD11 to target the Menkes ATPase ATP7A to the cell periphery and regulate copper homeostasis. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar34. [PMID: 34613798 PMCID: PMC8693958 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-07-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper homeostasis is crucial for cellular physiology and development, and its dysregulation leads to disease. The Menkes ATPase ATP7A plays a key role in copper efflux, by trafficking from the Golgi to the plasma membrane upon cell exposure to elevated copper, but the mechanisms that target ATP7A to the cell periphery are poorly understood. PDZD11 interacts with the C-terminus of ATP7A, which contains sequences involved in ATP7A trafficking, but the role of PDZD11 in ATP7A localization is unknown. Here we identify PLEKHA5 and PLEKHA6 as new interactors of PDZD11 that bind to the PDZD11 N-terminus through their WW domains similarly to the junctional protein PLEKHA7. Using CRISPR-KO kidney epithelial cells, we show by immunofluorescence microscopy that WW-PLEKHAs (PLEKHA5, PLEKHA6, PLEKHA7) recruit PDZD11 to distinct plasma membrane localizations and that they are required for the efficient anterograde targeting of ATP7A to the cell periphery in elevated copper conditions. Pull-down experiments show that WW-PLEKHAs promote PDZD11 interaction with the C-terminus of ATP7A. However, WW-PLEKHAs and PDZD11 are not necessary for ATP7A Golgi localization in basal copper, ATP7A copper-induced exit from the Golgi, and ATP7A retrograde trafficking to the Golgi. Finally, measuring bioavailable and total cellular copper, metallothionein-1 expression, and cell viability shows that WW-PLEKHAs and PDZD11 are required for maintaining low intracellular copper levels when cells are exposed to elevated copper. These data indicate that WW-PLEKHAs-PDZD11 complexes regulate the localization and function of ATP7A to promote copper extrusion in elevated copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Sluysmans
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Méan
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tong Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Amina Boukhatemi
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Ferreira
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lionel Jond
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Annick Mutero
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Sandra Citi
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Lutsenko S. Dynamic and cell-specific transport networks for intracellular copper ions. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272704. [PMID: 34734631 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.240523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) homeostasis is essential for the development and function of many organisms. In humans, Cu misbalance causes serious pathologies and has been observed in a growing number of diseases. This Review focuses on mammalian Cu(I) transporters and highlights recent studies on regulation of intracellular Cu fluxes. Cu is used by essential metabolic enzymes for their activity. These enzymes are located in various intracellular compartments and outside cells. When cells differentiate, or their metabolic state is otherwise altered, the need for Cu in different cell compartments change, and Cu has to be redistributed to accommodate these changes. The Cu transporters SLC31A1 (CTR1), SLC31A2 (CTR2), ATP7A and ATP7B regulate Cu content in cellular compartments and maintain Cu homeostasis. Increasing numbers of regulatory proteins have been shown to contribute to multifaceted regulation of these Cu transporters. It is becoming abundantly clear that the Cu transport networks are dynamic and cell specific. The comparison of the Cu transport machinery in the liver and intestine illustrates the distinct composition and dissimilar regulatory response of their Cu transporters to changing Cu levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Lutsenko
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Department of Physiology, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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13
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Kondo M, Hara H, Kamijo F, Kamiya T, Adachi T. 6-Hydroxydopamine disrupts cellular copper homeostasis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Metallomics 2021; 13:6311138. [PMID: 34185060 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element that plays an important role in maintaining neuronal functions such as the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters. In contrast, exposure to excess Cu results in cell injury. Therefore, intracellular Cu levels are strictly regulated by proteins related to Cu-trafficking, including ATP7A. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Recently, the abnormality of Cu homeostasis was demonstrated to be related to the pathogenesis of PD. However, the association between Cu dyshomeostasis and PD remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a neurotoxin used for the production of PD model animals, on cellular Cu trafficking in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. 6-OHDA reduced the protein levels of the Cu exporter ATP7A and the Cu chaperone Atox1, but not CTR1, a Cu importer; however, it did not affect the expression of ATP7A and Atox1 mRNAs. The decreased levels of ATP7A and Atox1 proteins were restored by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and the lysosomal inhibitor bafilomycin A1. This suggests that 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress facilitates the degradation of these proteins. In addition, the amount of intracellular Cu after exposure to CuCl2 was significantly higher in cells pretreated with 6-OHDA than in untreated cells. Moreover, 6-OHDA reduced the protein levels of the cuproenzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase that converts dopamine to noradrenaline. Thus, this study suggests that 6-OHDA disrupts Cu homeostasis through the dysregulation of cellular Cu trafficking, resulting in the dysfunction of neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Kondo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Hara
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Fuka Kamijo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kamiya
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Adachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
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14
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Le L, Sirés-Campos J, Raposo G, Delevoye C, Marks MS. Melanosome biogenesis in the pigmentation of mammalian skin. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:1517-1545. [PMID: 34021746 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanins, the main pigments of the skin and hair in mammals, are synthesized within membrane-bound organelles of melanocytes called melanosomes. Melanosome structure and function are determined by a cohort of resident transmembrane proteins, many of which are expressed only in pigment cells, that localize specifically to melanosomes. Defects in the genes that encode melanosome-specific proteins or components of the machinery required for their transport in and out of melanosomes underlie various forms of ocular or oculocutaneous albinism, characterized by hypopigmentation of the hair, skin and eyes and by visual impairment. We review major components of melanosomes, including the enzymes that catalyze steps in melanin synthesis from tyrosine precursors, solute transporters that allow these enzymes to function, and structural proteins that underlie melanosome shape and melanin deposition. We then review the molecular mechanisms by which these components are biosynthetically delivered to newly forming melanosomes-many of which are shared by other cell types that generate cell type-specific lysosome-related organelles. We also highlight unanswered questions that need to be addressed by future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Le
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Julia Sirés-Campos
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Graça Raposo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Cédric Delevoye
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Michael S Marks
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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15
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Bellec K, Pinot M, Gicquel I, Le Borgne R. The Clathrin adaptor AP-1 and Stratum act in parallel pathways to control Notch activation in Drosophila sensory organ precursors cells. Development 2021; 148:dev191437. [PMID: 33298463 PMCID: PMC7823167 DOI: 10.1242/dev.191437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila sensory organ precursors divide asymmetrically to generate pIIa/pIIb cells, the identity of which relies on activation of Notch at cytokinesis. Although Notch is present apically and basally relative to the midbody at the pIIa-pIIb interface, the basal pool of Notch is reported to be the main contributor for Notch activation in the pIIa cell. Intra-lineage signalling requires appropriate apico-basal targeting of Notch, its ligand Delta and its trafficking partner Sanpodo. We have previously reported that AP-1 and Stratum regulate the trafficking of Notch and Sanpodo from the trans-Golgi network to the basolateral membrane. Loss of AP-1 or Stratum caused mild Notch gain-of-function phenotypes. Here, we report that their concomitant loss results in a penetrant Notch gain-of-function phenotype, indicating that they control parallel pathways. Although unequal partitioning of cell fate determinants and cell polarity were unaffected, we observed increased amounts of signalling-competent Notch as well as Delta and Sanpodo at the apical pIIa-pIIb interface, at the expense of the basal pool of Notch. We propose that AP-1 and Stratum operate in parallel pathways to localize Notch and control where receptor activation takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bellec
- Université Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mathieu Pinot
- Université Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Gicquel
- Université Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Roland Le Borgne
- Université Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
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16
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Singla A, Chen Q, Suzuki K, Song J, Fedoseienko A, Wijers M, Lopez A, Billadeau DD, van de Sluis B, Burstein E. Regulation of murine copper homeostasis by members of the COMMD protein family. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm.045963. [PMID: 33262129 PMCID: PMC7803461 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.045963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential transition metal for all eukaryotes. In mammals, intestinal copper absorption is mediated by the ATP7A copper transporter, whereas copper excretion occurs predominantly through the biliary route and is mediated by the paralog ATP7B. Both transporters have been shown to be recycled actively between the endosomal network and the plasma membrane by a molecular machinery known as the COMMD/CCDC22/CCDC93 or CCC complex. In fact, mutations in COMMD1 can lead to impaired biliary copper excretion and liver pathology in dogs and in mice with liver-specific Commd1 deficiency, recapitulating aspects of this phenotype. Nonetheless, the role of the CCC complex in intestinal copper absorption in vivo has not been studied, and the potential redundancy of various COMMD family members has not been tested. In this study, we examined copper homeostasis in enterocyte-specific and hepatocyte-specific COMMD gene-deficient mice. We found that, in contrast to effects in cell lines in culture, COMMD protein deficiency induced minimal changes in ATP7A in enterocytes and did not lead to altered copper levels under low- or high-copper diets, suggesting that regulation of ATP7A in enterocytes is not of physiological consequence. By contrast, deficiency of any of three COMMD genes (Commd1, Commd6 or Commd9) resulted in hepatic copper accumulation under high-copper diets. We found that each of these deficiencies caused destabilization of the entire CCC complex and suggest that this might explain their shared phenotype. Overall, we conclude that the CCC complex plays an important role in ATP7B endosomal recycling and function. Summary: Examination of copper homeostasis in enterocyte-specific and hepatocyte-specific COMMD gene-deficient mice revealed that homologs of COMMD1, which has been linked previously by genetic studies to copper regulation, also regulate copper handling in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amika Singla
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Kohei Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Alina Fedoseienko
- Section of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,Division of Oncology Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Melinde Wijers
- Section of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adam Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Division of Oncology Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Section of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ezra Burstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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17
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Shanbhag VC, Gudekar N, Jasmer K, Papageorgiou C, Singh K, Petris MJ. Copper metabolism as a unique vulnerability in cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118893. [PMID: 33091507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The last 25 years have witnessed tremendous progress in identifying and characterizing proteins that regulate the uptake, intracellular trafficking and export of copper. Although dietary copper is required in trace amounts, sufficient quantities of this metal are needed to sustain growth and development in humans and other mammals. However, copper is also a rate-limiting nutrient for the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Oral copper chelators taken with food have been shown to confer anti-neoplastic and anti-metastatic benefits in animals and humans. Recent studies have begun to identify specific roles for copper in pathways of oncogenic signaling and resistance to anti-neoplastic drugs. Here, we review the general mechanisms of cellular copper homeostasis and discuss roles of copper in cancer progression, highlighting metabolic vulnerabilities that may be targetable in the development of anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinit C Shanbhag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America; The Christopher S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America
| | - Nikita Gudekar
- Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America; The Christopher S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Jasmer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America; The Christopher S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America
| | - Christos Papageorgiou
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America
| | - Kamal Singh
- The Christopher S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America
| | - Michael J Petris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America; Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America; The Christopher S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States of America.
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18
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Alsaif HS, Al-Owain M, Barrios-Llerena ME, Gosadi G, Binamer Y, Devadason D, Ravenscroft J, Suri M, Alkuraya FS. Homozygous Loss-of-Function Mutations in AP1B1, Encoding Beta-1 Subunit of Adaptor-Related Protein Complex 1, Cause MEDNIK-like Syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:1016-1022. [PMID: 31630791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
MEDNIK syndrome (mental retardation, enteropathy, deafness, peripheral neuropathy, ichthyosis, and keratoderma) is an autosomal-recessive disorder caused by bi-allelic mutations in AP1S1, encoding the small σ subunit of the AP-1 complex. Central to the pathogenesis of MEDNIK syndrome is abnormal AP-1-mediated trafficking of copper transporters; this abnormal trafficking results in a hybrid phenotype combining the copper-deficiency-related characteristics of Menkes disease and the copper-toxicity-related characteristics of Wilson disease. We describe three individuals from two unrelated families in whom a MEDNIK-like phenotype segregates with two homozygous null variants in AP1B1, encoding the large β subunit of the AP-1 complex. Similar to individuals with MEDNIK syndrome, the affected individuals we report display abnormal copper metabolism, evidenced by low plasma copper and ceruloplasmin, but lack evidence of copper toxicity in the liver. Functional characterization of fibroblasts derived from affected individuals closely resembles the abnormal ATP7A trafficking described in MEDNIK syndrome both at baseline and in response to copper treatment. Taken together, our results expand the list of inborn errors of copper metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hessa S Alsaif
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al-Owain
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin E Barrios-Llerena
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Bioscience Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Gosadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Binamer
- Department of Dermatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - David Devadason
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG72UH, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Ravenscroft
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG72UH, United Kingdom
| | - Mohnish Suri
- Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham NG51PB, United Kingdom.
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
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19
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Trafficking mechanisms of P-type ATPase copper transporters. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 59:24-33. [PMID: 30928671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient required for oxygen-dependent enzymes, yet excess of the metal is a toxicant. The tug-of-war between these copper activities is balanced by chaperones and membrane transporters, which control copper distribution and availability. The P-type ATPase transporters, ATP7A and ATP7B, regulate cytoplasmic copper by pumping copper out of cells or into the endomembrane system. Mutations in ATP7A and ATP7B cause diseases that share neuropsychiatric phenotypes, which are similar to phenotypes observed in mutations affecting cytoplasmic trafficking complexes required for ATP7A/B dynamics. Here, we discuss evidence indicating that phenotypes associated to genetic defects in trafficking complexes, such as retromer and the adaptor complex AP-1, result in part from copper dyshomeostasis due to mislocalized ATP7A and ATP7B.
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20
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Shakya S, Sharma P, Bhatt AM, Jani RA, Delevoye C, Setty SR. Rab22A recruits BLOC-1 and BLOC-2 to promote the biogenesis of recycling endosomes. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201845918. [PMID: 30404817 PMCID: PMC6280653 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201845918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling endosomes (REs) are transient endosomal tubular intermediates of early/sorting endosomes (E/SEs) that function in cargo recycling to the cell surface and deliver the cell type‐specific cargo to lysosome‐related organelles such as melanosomes in melanocytes. However, the mechanism of RE biogenesis is largely unknown. In this study, by using an endosomal Rab‐specific RNAi screen, we identified Rab22A as a critical player during RE biogenesis. Rab22A‐knockdown results in reduced RE dynamics and concurrent cargo accumulation in the E/SEs or lysosomes. Rab22A forms a complex with BLOC‐1, BLOC‐2 and the kinesin‐3 family motor KIF13A on endosomes. Consistently, the RE‐dependent transport defects observed in Rab22A‐depleted cells phenocopy those in BLOC‐1‐/BLOC‐2‐deficient cells. Further, Rab22A depletion reduced the membrane association of BLOC‐1/BLOC‐2. Taken together, these findings suggest that Rab22A promotes the assembly of a BLOC‐1‐BLOC‐2‐KIF13A complex on E/SEs to generate REs that maintain cellular and organelle homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Shakya
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Prerna Sharma
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Anshul Milap Bhatt
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Riddhi Atul Jani
- Structure and Membrane Compartments, CNRS, UMR 144, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Delevoye
- Structure and Membrane Compartments, CNRS, UMR 144, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), CNRS, UMR 144, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Subba Rao Setty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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21
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Wang H, Yao H, Li C, Shi H, Lan J, Li Z, Zhang Y, Liang L, Fang JY, Xu J. HIP1R targets PD-L1 to lysosomal degradation to alter T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 15:42-50. [PMID: 30397328 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Expression of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) ligand 1 (PD-L1) protects tumor cells from T cell-mediated immune surveillance, and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies targeting PD-1 and PD-L1 have exhibited significant clinical benefits. However, the relatively low response rate and observed ICB resistance highlight the need to understand the molecular regulation of PD-L1. Here we show that HIP1R targets PD-L1 to lysosomal degradation to alter T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. HIP1R physically interacts with PD-L1 and delivers PD-L1 to the lysosome through a lysosomal targeting signal. Depletion of HIP1R in tumor cells caused PD-L1 accumulation and suppressed T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. A rationally designed peptide (PD-LYSO) incorporating the lysosome-sorting signal and the PD-L1-binding sequence of HIP1R successfully depleted PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Our results identify the molecular machineries governing the lysosomal degradation of PD-L1 and exemplify the development of a chimeric peptide for targeted degradation of PD-L1 as a crucial anticancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Chushu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Hubing Shi
- Division of Cancer Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Lan
- Division of Cancer Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaoli Li
- State Key Lab of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunxi Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China.,Gastroenterology Department, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Ahn C, Choi JS, Jeung EB. Organ‑specific expression of the divalent ion channel proteins NCKX3, TRPV2, CTR1, ATP7A, IREG1 and HEPH in various canine organs. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1773-1781. [PMID: 29901089 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane cation channels include those for calcium, copper and iron ion transport. Each channel has physiological significance, and all have been associated with disease. However, the comparative study of transcriptional‑translational levels in canine organs has not been previously reported. In the present study, organ‑specific expression of calcium channels, including sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 3 (NCKX3) and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2 (TRPV2), copper channels, including high affinity copper uptake protein 1 (CTR1) and copper‑transporting ATPase 1 (ATP7A), and iron channels, including iron‑regulated transporter 1 (IREG1) and hephaestin (HEPH) proteins and their mRNAs were examined in the canine duodenum, kidney, spleen and liver. NCKX3 protein expression was highest in the kidney, moderate in the duodenum, and lowest in the spleen and liver, whereas TRPV2 protein was highly expressed in the kidney, duodenum and liver, and was low in the spleen. The CTR1 protein expression level was highest in the liver, followed (in descending order) by the duodenum, kidney and spleen. The ATP7A protein expression level was highest in the duodenum and lowest in the spleen. The IREG1 protein expression level was highest in the liver, followed (in descending order) by the kidney, duodenum and spleen. The HEPH protein level was high in liver, moderate in the duodenum and kidney, and low in the spleen. The results of the immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated ion channel protein localizations. These results suggested that cation channel proteins are differentially expressed among canine organs, and they may be involved in organ‑specific functions associated with the maintenance of physiological homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhwan Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sam Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
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23
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Vitiello M, Tuccoli A, D'Aurizio R, Sarti S, Giannecchini L, Lubrano S, Marranci A, Evangelista M, Peppicelli S, Ippolito C, Barravecchia I, Guzzolino E, Montagnani V, Gowen M, Mercoledi E, Mercatanti A, Comelli L, Gurrieri S, Wu LW, Ope O, Flaherty K, Boland GM, Hammond MR, Kwong L, Chiariello M, Stecca B, Zhang G, Salvetti A, Angeloni D, Pitto L, Calorini L, Chiorino G, Pellegrini M, Herlyn M, Osman I, Poliseno L. Context-dependent miR-204 and miR-211 affect the biological properties of amelanotic and melanotic melanoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25395-25417. [PMID: 28445987 PMCID: PMC5421939 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing amounts of experimental evidence depicting the involvement of non-coding RNAs in cancer, the study of BRAFV600E-regulated genes has thus far focused mainly on protein-coding ones. Here, we identify and study the microRNAs that BRAFV600E regulates through the ERK pathway. By performing small RNA sequencing on A375 melanoma cells and a vemurafenib-resistant clone that was taken as negative control, we discover miR-204 and miR-211 as the miRNAs most induced by vemurafenib. We also demonstrate that, although belonging to the same family, these two miRNAs have distinctive features. miR-204 is under the control of STAT3 and its expression is induced in amelanotic melanoma cells, where it acts as an effector of vemurafenib's anti-motility activity by targeting AP1S2. Conversely, miR-211, a known transcriptional target of MITF, is induced in melanotic melanoma cells, where it targets EDEM1 and consequently impairs the degradation of TYROSINASE (TYR) through the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. In doing so, miR-211 serves as an effector of vemurafenib's pro-pigmentation activity. We also show that such an increase in pigmentation in turn represents an adaptive response that needs to be overcome using appropriate inhibitors in order to increase the efficacy of vemurafenib. In summary, we unveil the distinct and context-dependent activities exerted by miR-204 family members in melanoma cells. Our work challenges the widely accepted “same miRNA family = same function” rule and provides a rationale for a novel treatment strategy for melanotic melanomas that is based on the combination of ERK pathway inhibitors with pigmentation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Vitiello
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Tuccoli
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romina D'Aurizio
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM), Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Samanta Sarti
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Giannecchini
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Lubrano
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Marranci
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Italy
| | - Chiara Ippolito
- Unit of Histology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Valentina Montagnani
- Tumor Cell Biology Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUC, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Mercoledi
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Laura Comelli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Gurrieri
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mario Chiariello
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Pisa, Italy.,Signal Transduction Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUS, Siena, Italy
| | - Barbara Stecca
- Tumor Cell Biology Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUC, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gao Zhang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alessandra Salvetti
- Unit of Experimental Biology and Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Letizia Pitto
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Marco Pellegrini
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Medicine (LISM), Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Poliseno
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), AOUP, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Pisa, Italy
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24
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de Gemmis P, Enzo MV, Lorenzetto E, Cattelan P, Segat D, Hladnik U. 13 novel putative mutations in ATP7A found in a cohort of 25 Italian families. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1173-1183. [PMID: 28451781 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ATP7A is a copper-transporting P-type adenosine triphosphatase whose loss of function leads to the Menkes disease, an X-linked copper metabolism multi-organ disorder (1 in 100.000 births). Here we document our experience with the ATP7A linked diseases in Italy. We analyzed the exonic structure of the ATP7A gene in 25 unrelated Italian families and studied the variants of unknown significance. We identified 22 different DNA alterations, 13 of which first reported in this study. The classical Menkes phenotype was present in 21 of the 25 families and was linked with highly damaging mutations (7 nonsense; 4 frame-shift; 2 small in-frame deletions, 2 splice site alterations, 2 gross deletions, and 1 gross duplication). Of the 4 cases with milder variants of the Menkes disease two had a missense mutation, one a leaky splice site alteration and one a nonsense mutation in exon 22. We determined in silico that all the mutations leading to the classical Menkes disease leave no residual activity of ATP7A including the apparently less severe in-frame deletions. Whereas milder forms of the disease are characterized by mutations that allow a limited residual activity of ATP7A, including the nonsense mutation observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola de Gemmis
- "Mauro Baschirotto" Institute for Rare Diseases - B.I.R.D. Foundation n.p.o., via B. Bizio, 1 36023, Costozza di Longare, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Enzo
- "Mauro Baschirotto" Institute for Rare Diseases - B.I.R.D. Foundation n.p.o., via B. Bizio, 1 36023, Costozza di Longare, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Elisa Lorenzetto
- "Mauro Baschirotto" Institute for Rare Diseases - B.I.R.D. Foundation n.p.o., via B. Bizio, 1 36023, Costozza di Longare, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Paola Cattelan
- "Mauro Baschirotto" Institute for Rare Diseases - B.I.R.D. Foundation n.p.o., via B. Bizio, 1 36023, Costozza di Longare, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Daniela Segat
- "Mauro Baschirotto" Institute for Rare Diseases - B.I.R.D. Foundation n.p.o., via B. Bizio, 1 36023, Costozza di Longare, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Uros Hladnik
- "Mauro Baschirotto" Institute for Rare Diseases - B.I.R.D. Foundation n.p.o., via B. Bizio, 1 36023, Costozza di Longare, Vicenza, Italy.
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25
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Copper transporter 1 in human colorectal cancer cell lines: Effects of endogenous and modified expression on oxaliplatin cytotoxicity. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 177:249-258. [PMID: 28551160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is the mainstay for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Copper transporter proteins have been implicated in the transport of platinum-based anticancer drugs, but their expression in human colorectal cancer cell lines and roles in controlling their sensitivity to oxaliplatin are not well studied or understood. The endogenous and modified expression of copper uptake transporter 1 (hCTR1) was studied in a panel of human colorectal cancer cell lines (DLD-1, SW620, HCT-15 and COLO205) with ~20-fold variation in oxaliplatin sensitivity. hCTR1 protein was expressed more abundantly than ATP7A and ATP7B proteins, but with broadly similar levels and patterns of expression across four colorectal cancer cell lines. In a colorectal cancer cell-line background (DLD-1), stable transfection of the hCtr1 gene enhanced hCTR1 protein expression and increased the sensitivity of the cells to the cytotoxicity of copper and oxaliplatin. Treatment with copper chelators (ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, bathocuproinedisulfonic acid and D-penicillamine) increased expression of hCTR1 protein in DLD-1 and SW620 cells, and potentiated the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in DLD-1 but not SW620 cells. Treatment with copper chloride altered neither the expression of copper transporters nor cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer lines. In conclusion, human colorectal cancer cell lines consistently express hCTR1 protein despite their variable sensitivity to oxaliplatin. Genetic or pharmacological modification of hCTR1 protein expression may potentiate oxaliplatin sensitivity in some but not all colorectal cancer cell lines.
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26
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Comstra HS, McArthy J, Rudin-Rush S, Hartwig C, Gokhale A, Zlatic SA, Blackburn JB, Werner E, Petris M, D'Souza P, Panuwet P, Barr DB, Lupashin V, Vrailas-Mortimer A, Faundez V. The interactome of the copper transporter ATP7A belongs to a network of neurodevelopmental and neurodegeneration factors. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28355134 PMCID: PMC5400511 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors, such as metals, interact to determine neurological traits. We reasoned that interactomes of molecules handling metals in neurons should include novel metal homeostasis pathways. We focused on copper and its transporter ATP7A because ATP7A null mutations cause neurodegeneration. We performed ATP7A immunoaffinity chromatography and identified 541 proteins co-isolating with ATP7A. The ATP7A interactome concentrated gene products implicated in neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental disorders, including subunits of the Golgi-localized conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex. COG null cells possess altered content and subcellular localization of ATP7A and CTR1 (SLC31A1), the transporter required for copper uptake, as well as decreased total cellular copper, and impaired copper-dependent metabolic responses. Changes in the expression of ATP7A and COG subunits in Drosophila neurons altered synapse development in larvae and copper-induced mortality of adult flies. We conclude that the ATP7A interactome encompasses a novel COG-dependent mechanism to specify neuronal development and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather S Comstra
- Departments of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | - Jacob McArthy
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, United States
| | | | - Cortnie Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Avanti Gokhale
- Departments of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | | | - Jessica B Blackburn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Erica Werner
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | - Michael Petris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, United States
| | - Priya D'Souza
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | - Parinya Panuwet
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | - Vladimir Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | | | - Victor Faundez
- Departments of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
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27
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Qu F, Lorenzo DN, King SJ, Brooks R, Bear JE, Bennett V. Ankyrin-B is a PI3P effector that promotes polarized α5β1-integrin recycling via recruiting RabGAP1L to early endosomes. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27718357 PMCID: PMC5089861 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endosomal membrane trafficking requires coordination between phosphoinositide lipids, Rab GTPases, and microtubule-based motors to dynamically determine endosome identity and promote long-range organelle transport. Here we report that ankyrin-B (AnkB), through integrating all three systems, functions as a critical node in the protein circuitry underlying polarized recycling of α5β1-integrin in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, which enables persistent fibroblast migration along fibronectin gradients. AnkB associates with phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P)-positive organelles in fibroblasts and binds dynactin to promote their long-range motility. We demonstrate that AnkB binds to Rab GTPase Activating Protein 1-Like (RabGAP1L) and recruits it to PI3P-positive organelles, where RabGAP1L inactivates Rab22A, and promotes polarized trafficking to the leading edge of migrating fibroblasts. We further determine that α5β1-integrin depends on an AnkB/RabGAP1L complex for polarized recycling. Our results reveal AnkB as an unexpected key element in coordinating polarized transport of α5β1-integrin and likely of other specialized endocytic cargos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Qu
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States
| | - Damaris N Lorenzo
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States
| | - Samantha J King
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Rebecca Brooks
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - James E Bear
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Vann Bennett
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States
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28
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Bonnemaison ML, Duffy ME, Mains RE, Vogt S, Eipper BA, Ralle M. Copper, zinc and calcium: imaging and quantification in anterior pituitary secretory granules. Metallomics 2016; 8:1012-22. [PMID: 27426256 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00079g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The anterior pituitary is specialized for the synthesis, storage and release of peptide hormones. The activation of inactive peptide hormone precursors requires a specific set of proteases and other post-translational processing enzymes. High levels of peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), an essential peptide processing enzyme, occur in the anterior pituitary. PAM, which converts glycine-extended peptides into amidated products, requires copper and zinc to support its two catalytic activities and calcium for structure. We used X-ray fluorescence microscopy on rat pituitary sections and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on subcellular fractions prepared from rat anterior pituitary to localize and quantify copper, zinc and calcium. X-ray fluorescence microscopy indicated that the calcium concentration in pituitary tissue was about 2.5 mM, 10-times more than zinc and 50-times more than copper. Although no higher than cytosolic levels, secretory granule levels of copper exceeded PAM levels by a factor of 10. Atp7a, which transports copper into the lumen of the secretory pathway, was enriched in endosomes and Golgi, not in secretory granules. If Atp7a transfers copper directly to PAM, this pH-dependent process is likely to occur in Golgi and endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde L Bonnemaison
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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29
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Kanthlal SK, Joseph J, Baskaran Pillai AK, Padma UD. Neural effects in copper deficient Menkes disease: ATP7A-a distinctive marker. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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30
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Greenough MA, Ramírez Munoz A, Bush AI, Opazo CM. Metallo-pathways to Alzheimer's disease: lessons from genetic disorders of copper trafficking. Metallomics 2016; 8:831-9. [PMID: 27397642 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00095a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential metal ion that provides catalytic function to numerous enzymes and also regulates neurotransmission and intracellular signaling. Conversely, a deficiency or excess of copper can cause chronic disease in humans. Menkes and Wilson disease are two rare heritable disorders of copper transport that are characterized by copper deficiency and copper overload, respectively. Changes to copper status are also a common feature of several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In the case of AD, which is characterized by brain copper depletion, changes in the distribution of copper has been linked with various aspects of the disease process; protein aggregation, defective protein degradation, oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Although AD is a multifactorial disease that is likely caused by a breakdown in multiple cellular pathways, copper and other metal ions such as iron and zinc play a central role in many of these cellular processes. Pioneering work by researchers who have studied relatively rare copper transport diseases has shed light on potential metal ion related disease mechanisms in other forms of neurodegeneration such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Greenough
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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31
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Zhu S, Shanbhag V, Hodgkinson VL, Petris MJ. Multiple di-leucines in the ATP7A copper transporter are required for retrograde trafficking to the trans-Golgi network. Metallomics 2016; 8:993-1001. [PMID: 27337370 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00093b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ATP7A protein is a ubiquitous copper-transporting P-type ATPase that is mutated in the lethal pediatric disorder of copper metabolism, Menkes disease. The steady-state location of ATP7A is within the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where it delivers copper to copper-dependent enzymes within the secretory pathway. However, ATP7A constantly cycles between the TGN and the plasma membrane, and in the presence of high copper concentrations, the exocytic arm of this cycling pathway is enhanced to promote a steady-state distribution of ATP7A to post-Golgi vesicles and the plasma membrane. A single di-leucine endocytic motif within the cytosolic carboxy tail of ATP7A (1487LL) was previously shown to be essential for TGN localization by functioning in retrieval from the plasma membrane, however, the requirement of other di-leucine signals in this region has not been fully investigated. While there has been some success in identifying sequence elements within ATP7A required for trafficking and catalysis, progress has been hampered by the instability of the ATP7A cDNA in high-copy plasmids during replication in Escherichia coli. In this study, we find that the use of DNA synthesis to generate silent mutations across the majority of both mouse and human ATP7A open reading frames was sufficient to stabilize these genes in high-copy plasmids, thus permitting the generation of full-length expression constructs. Using the stabilized mouse Atp7a construct, we identify a second di-leucine motif in the carboxy tail of ATP7A (1459LL) as essential for steady-state localization in the TGN by functioning in endosome-to-TGN trafficking. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that multiple di-leucine signals are required for recycling ATP7A from the plasma membrane to the TGN and illustrate the utility of large-scale codon reassignment as a simple and effective approach to circumvent cDNA instability in high-copy plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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32
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Lalioti V, Peiró R, Pérez-Berlanga M, Tsuchiya Y, Muñoz A, Villalba T, Sanchez C, Sandoval IV. Basolateral sorting and transcytosis define the Cu+-regulated translocation of ATP7B to the bile canaliculus. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:2190-201. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.184663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cu+ pump ATP7B plays an irreplaceable role in the elimination of excess Cu+ by the hepatocyte into the bile. The traffic and site of ATP7B action is a subject of controversy. One current proposal is that an increase in intracellular Cu+ results in the translocation of ATP7B to the lysosomes and excretion of excess Cu+ by lysosomal mediated exocytosis at the bile canaliculus. Here we show that ATP7B is transported from the trans-Golgi network to the bile canaliculus by basolateral sorting and endocytosis, and microtubule mediated transcytosis through the subapical compartment. Trafficking ATP7B is not incorporated into lysosomes and addition of Cu+ does not cause relocalization of lysosomes and the appearance of lysosome markers in the bile canaliculus. Our data describes the pathway of the Cu+-mediated transport of ATP7B from the TGN to the bile canaliculus and indicates that the bile canaliculus is the prime site of ATP7B action in the elimination of excess Cu+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Lalioti
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Peiró
- Genomics and Massive Sequencing, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela Pérez-Berlanga
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yo Tsuchiya
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Muñoz
- Optical and Confocal Microscopy, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Villalba
- Optical and Confocal Microscopy, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Sanchez
- Optical and Confocal Microscopy, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio V. Sandoval
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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33
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Bonnemaison ML, Bäck N, Duffy ME, Ralle M, Mains RE, Eipper BA. Adaptor Protein-1 Complex Affects the Endocytic Trafficking and Function of Peptidylglycine α-Amidating Monooxygenase, a Luminal Cuproenzyme. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:21264-79. [PMID: 26170456 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.641027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptor protein-1 complex (AP-1), which transports cargo between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes, plays a role in the trafficking of Atp7a, a copper-transporting P-type ATPase, and peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), a copper-dependent membrane enzyme. Lack of any of the four AP-1 subunits impairs function, and patients with MEDNIK syndrome, a rare genetic disorder caused by lack of expression of the σ1A subunit, exhibit clinical and biochemical signs of impaired copper homeostasis. To explore the role of AP-1 in copper homeostasis in neuroendocrine cells, we used corticotrope tumor cells in which AP-1 function was diminished by reducing expression of its μ1A subunit. Copper levels were unchanged when AP-1 function was impaired, but cellular levels of Atp7a declined slightly. The ability of PAM to function was assessed by monitoring 18-kDa fragment-NH2 production from proopiomelanocortin. Reduced AP-1 function made 18-kDa fragment amidation more sensitive to inhibition by bathocuproine disulfonate, a cell-impermeant Cu(I) chelator. The endocytic trafficking of PAM was altered, and PAM-1 accumulated on the cell surface when AP-1 levels were reduced. Reduced AP-1 function increased the Atp7a presence in early/recycling endosomes but did not alter the ability of copper to stimulate its appearance on the plasma membrane. Co-immunoprecipitation of a small fraction of PAM and Atp7a supports the suggestion that copper can be transferred directly from Atp7a to PAM, a process that can occur only when both proteins are present in the same subcellular compartment. Altered luminal cuproenzyme function may contribute to deficits observed when the AP-1 function is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils Bäck
- the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland, and
| | - Megan E Duffy
- the Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Martina Ralle
- the Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Richard E Mains
- Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Betty A Eipper
- From the Departments of Molecular Biology and Biophysics and Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030,
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34
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Zlatic S, Comstra HS, Gokhale A, Petris MJ, Faundez V. Molecular basis of neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental defects in Menkes disease. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 81:154-61. [PMID: 25583185 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP7A mutations impair copper metabolism resulting in three distinct genetic disorders in humans. These diseases are characterized by neurological phenotypes ranging from intellectual disability to neurodegeneration. Severe ATP7A loss-of-function alleles trigger Menkes disease, a copper deficiency condition where systemic and neurodegenerative phenotypes dominate clinical outcomes. The pathogenesis of these manifestations has been attributed to the hypoactivity of a limited number of copper-dependent enzymes, a hypothesis that we refer as the oligoenzymatic pathogenic hypothesis. This hypothesis, which has dominated the field for 25 years, only explains some systemic Menkes phenotypes. However, we argue that this hypothesis does not fully account for the Menkes neurodegeneration or neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Here, we propose revisions of the oligoenzymatic hypothesis that could illuminate the pathogenesis of Menkes neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental defects through unsuspected overlap with other neurological conditions including Parkinson's, intellectual disability, and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Zlatic
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Avanti Gokhale
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael J Petris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Victor Faundez
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Center for Social Translational Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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35
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Yi L, Kaler SG. Direct interactions of adaptor protein complexes 1 and 2 with the copper transporter ATP7A mediate its anterograde and retrograde trafficking. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2411-25. [PMID: 25574028 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP7A is a P-type ATPase in which diverse mutations lead to X-linked recessive Menkes disease or occipital horn syndrome. Recently, two previously unknown ATP7A missense mutations, T994I and P1386S, were shown to cause an isolated distal motor neuropathy without clinical or biochemical features of other ATP7A disorders. These mutant alleles cause subtle defects in ATP7A intracellular trafficking, resulting in preferential plasma membrane localization compared with wild-type ATP7A. We reported previously that ATP7A(P1386S) causes unstable insertion of the eighth and final transmembrane segment, preventing proper position of the carboxyl-terminal tail in a proportion of mutant molecules. Here, we utilize this and other naturally occurring and engineered mutant ATP7A alleles to identify mechanisms of normal ATP7A trafficking. We show that adaptor protein (AP) complexes 1 and 2 physically interact with ATP7A and that binding is mediated in part by a carboxyl-terminal di-leucine motif. In contrast to other ATP7A missense mutations, ATP7A(P1386S) partially disturbs interactions with both APs, leading to abnormal axonal localization in transfected NSC-34 motor neurons and altered calcium-signaling following glutamate stimulation. Our results imply that AP-1 normally tethers ATP7A at the trans-Golgi network in the somatodendritic segments of motor neurons and that alterations affecting the ATP7A carboxyl-terminal tail induce release of the copper transporter to the axons or axonal membranes. The latter effects are intensified by diminished interaction with AP-2, impeding ATP7A retrograde trafficking. Taken together, these findings further illuminate the normal molecular mechanisms of ATP7A trafficking and suggest a pathophysiological basis for ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yi
- Section on Translational Neuroscience, Molecular Medicine Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3754, USA
| | - Stephen G Kaler
- Section on Translational Neuroscience, Molecular Medicine Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3754, USA
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36
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Phillips-Krawczak CA, Singla A, Starokadomskyy P, Deng Z, Osborne DG, Li H, Dick CJ, Gomez TS, Koenecke M, Zhang JS, Dai H, Sifuentes-Dominguez LF, Geng LN, Kaufmann SH, Hein MY, Wallis M, McGaughran J, Gecz J, Sluis BVD, Billadeau DD, Burstein E. COMMD1 is linked to the WASH complex and regulates endosomal trafficking of the copper transporter ATP7A. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:91-103. [PMID: 25355947 PMCID: PMC4279232 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-06-1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
COMMD1 deficiency results in defective copper homeostasis, but the mechanism for this has remained elusive. Here we report that COMMD1 is directly linked to early endosomes through its interaction with a protein complex containing CCDC22, CCDC93, and C16orf62. This COMMD/CCDC22/CCDC93 (CCC) complex interacts with the multisubunit WASH complex, an evolutionarily conserved system, which is required for endosomal deposition of F-actin and cargo trafficking in conjunction with the retromer. Interactions between the WASH complex subunit FAM21, and the carboxyl-terminal ends of CCDC22 and CCDC93 are responsible for CCC complex recruitment to endosomes. We show that depletion of CCC complex components leads to lack of copper-dependent movement of the copper transporter ATP7A from endosomes, resulting in intracellular copper accumulation and modest alterations in copper homeostasis in humans with CCDC22 mutations. This work provides a mechanistic explanation for the role of COMMD1 in copper homeostasis and uncovers additional genes involved in the regulation of copper transporter recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhihui Deng
- Department of Immunology, Department of Pathophysiology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jin-San Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Haiming Dai
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and
| | | | | | - Scott H Kaufmann
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and
| | - Marco Y Hein
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mathew Wallis
- Genetic Health Queensland at the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Julie McGaughran
- Genetic Health Queensland at the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jozef Gecz
- Robinson Institute and Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Section of Molecular Genetics at the Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Department of Immunology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Ezra Burstein
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9151
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37
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Jain S, Farías GG, Bonifacino JS. Polarized sorting of the copper transporter ATP7B in neurons mediated by recognition of a dileucine signal by AP-1. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 26:218-28. [PMID: 25378584 PMCID: PMC4294670 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-07-1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recognition of dileucine signals by AP-1 mediates somatodendritic sorting of the copper transporter ATP7B and the SNARE VAMP4 in hippocampal neurons, establishing AP-1 as a global regulator of polarized sorting and contributing to the understanding of neuronal copper metabolism under physiological and pathological conditions. Neurons are highly polarized cells having distinct somatodendritic and axonal domains. Here we report that polarized sorting of the Cu2+ transporter ATP7B and the vesicle-SNARE VAMP4 to the somatodendritic domain of rat hippocampal neurons is mediated by recognition of dileucine-based signals in the cytosolic domains of the proteins by the σ1 subunit of the clathrin adaptor AP-1. Under basal Cu2+ conditions, ATP7B was localized to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and the plasma membrane of the soma and dendrites but not the axon. Mutation of a dileucine-based signal in ATP7B or overexpression of a dominant-negative σ1 mutant resulted in nonpolarized distribution of ATP7B between the somatodendritic and axonal domains. Furthermore, addition of high Cu2+ concentrations, previously shown to reduce ATP7B incorporation into AP-1–containing clathrin-coated vesicles, caused loss of TGN localization and somatodendritic polarity of ATP7B. These findings support the notion of AP-1 as an effector of polarized sorting in neurons and suggest that altered polarity of ATP7B in polarized cell types might contribute to abnormal copper metabolism in the MEDNIK syndrome, a neurocutaneous disorder caused by mutations in the σ1A subunit isoform of AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Jain
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ginny G Farías
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Juan S Bonifacino
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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38
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Abstract
Differentiated cells have evolved mechanisms to adapt the functions of the late secretory pathway to the specific needs of the organism. Reporting in this issue of Developmental Cell, Polishchuk et al. (2014) demonstrate that hepatocytes utilize a unique exocytic aspect of the late endosomal/lysosomal compartment to maintain organismal copper homeostasis.
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39
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Bonnemaison M, Bäck N, Lin Y, Bonifacino JS, Mains R, Eipper B. AP-1A controls secretory granule biogenesis and trafficking of membrane secretory granule proteins. Traffic 2014; 15:1099-121. [PMID: 25040637 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The adaptor protein 1A complex (AP-1A) transports cargo between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. In professional secretory cells, AP-1A also retrieves material from immature secretory granules (SGs). The role of AP-1A in SG biogenesis was explored using AtT-20 corticotrope tumor cells expressing reduced levels of the AP-1A μ1A subunit. A twofold reduction in μ1A resulted in a decrease in TGN cisternae and immature SGs and the appearance of regulated secretory pathway components in non-condensing SGs. Although basal secretion of endogenous SG proteins was unaffected, secretagogue-stimulated release was halved. The reduced μ1A levels interfered with the normal trafficking of carboxypeptidase D (CPD) and peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase-1 (PAM-1), integral membrane enzymes that enter immature SGs. The non-condensing SGs contained POMC products and PAM-1, but not CPD. Based on metabolic labeling and secretion experiments, the cleavage of newly synthesized PAM-1 into PHM was unaltered, but PHM basal secretion was increased in sh-μ1A PAM-1 cells. Despite lacking a canonical AP-1A binding motif, yeast two-hybrid studies demonstrated an interaction between the PAM-1 cytosolic domain and AP-1A. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments with PAM-1 mutants revealed an influence of the luminal domains of PAM-1 on this interaction. Thus, AP-1A is crucial for normal SG biogenesis, function and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Bonnemaison
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
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40
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Yang Y, Yang C, Zhu Y, Chen H, Zhao R, He X, Tao L, Wang P, Zhou L, Zhao L, Tu M, Dong Z, Chen H, Xie Z. Intragenic and extragenic disruptions of FOXL2 mapped by whole genome low-coverage sequencing in two BPES families with chromosome reciprocal translocation. Genomics 2014; 104:170-6. [PMID: 25086333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that affects craniofacial development and ovarian function. FOXL2 is the only gene known to be responsible for BPES. The majority of BPES patients show intragenic mutations of FOXL2. Recently, a 7.4 kb sequence disruption, which was 283 kb upstream of FOXL2, was identified to independently contribute to the BPES phenotype. Several breakpoints nearing FOXL2 (0 Mb to 1.2 Mb, several of which were distant from the 7.4 kb sequence disruption) have been mapped or deduced through a traditional method in BPES patients with chromosome reciprocal translocation. In this study, two BPES families with chromosome reciprocal translocation were investigated. Intragenic mutations of FOXL2 or pathogenic copy number variations were excluded for the two BPES families. All of the four breakpoints were identified at a base-precise manner using Giemsa banding and whole genome low-coverage sequencing (WGLCS). In family 01, the breakpoints were found at chr1:95,609,998 and chr3:138,879, 114 (213,132 bp upstream of FOXL2). In family 02, the breakpoints were located at chr3:138,665,431 (intragenic disruptions of FOXL2) and chr20:56,924,609. Results indicate that the intragenic and extragenic interruptions of FOXL2 can be accurately and rapidly detected using WGLCS. In addition, both the 213 kb upstream and intragenic interruptions of FOXL2 can cause BPES phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Yang
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China.
| | - Chuanchun Yang
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China; The People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha China.
| | - Haixiao Chen
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyu He
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Tao
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Pin Wang
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Zhao
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Tu
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Zirui Dong
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Chen
- The Lab. of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute (HCRI), Hunan Children's Hospital, The Paediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiguo Xie
- Institute of Endocrinology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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41
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Abstract
The AP (adaptor protein) complexes are heterotetrameric protein complexes that mediate intracellular membrane trafficking along endocytic and secretory transport pathways. There are five different AP complexes: AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3 are clathrin-associated complexes; whereas AP-4 and AP-5 are not. These five AP complexes localize to different intracellular compartments and mediate membrane trafficking in distinct pathways. They recognize and concentrate cargo proteins into vesicular carriers that mediate transport from a donor membrane to a target organellar membrane. AP complexes play important roles in maintaining the normal physiological function of eukaryotic cells. Dysfunction of AP complexes has been implicated in a variety of inherited disorders, including: MEDNIK (mental retardation, enteropathy, deafness, peripheral neuropathy, ichthyosis and keratodermia) syndrome, Fried syndrome, HPS (Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome) and HSP (hereditary spastic paraplegia).
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Key Words
- adaptor protein complex
- arf1
- membrane trafficking
- polarized sorting
- signal recognition
- ampa, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid
- ap, adaptor protein
- app, amyloid precursor protein
- arf, adp-ribosylation factors
- bfa, brefeldin a
- casr, calcium-sensing receptor
- copi, coatamer protein i
- egfr, epidermal growth factor receptor
- fhh3, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia type 3
- hps, hermansky–pudlak syndrome
- hsp, hereditary spastic paraplegia
- lro, lysosome-related organelle
- mednik, mental retardation, enteropathy, deafness, peripheral neuropathy, ichthyosis and keratodermia
- pi4p, phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate
- pip2, phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate
- re, recycling endosome
- spg, spastic paraplegia
- tgn, trans-golgi network
- vps41, vacuolar protein sorting 41
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yoon Park
- *Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, U.S.A
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- *Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, U.S.A
- 1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Lalioti V, Hernandez-Tiedra S, Sandoval IV. DKWSLLL, a versatile DXXXLL-type signal with distinct roles in the Cu(+)-regulated trafficking of ATP7B. Traffic 2014; 15:839-60. [PMID: 24831241 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the liver, the P-type ATPase and membrane pump ATP7B plays a crucial role in Cu(+) donation to cuproenzymes and in the elimination of excess Cu(+). ATP7B is endowed with a COOH-cytoplasmic (DE)XXXLL-type traffic signal. We find that accessory (Lys -3, Trp -2, Ser -1 and Leu +2) and canonical (D -4, Leu 0 and Leu +1) residues confer the DKWSLLL signal with the versatility required for the Cu(+)-regulated cycling of ATP7B between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and the plasma membrane (PM). The separate mutation of these residues caused a disruption of the signal, resulting in different ATP7B distribution phenotypes. These phenotypes indicate the key roles of specific residues at separate steps of ATP7B trafficking, including sorting at the TGN, transport from the TGN to the PM and its endocytosis, and recycling to the TGN and PM. The distinct roles of ATP7B in the TGN and PM and the variety of phenotypes caused by the mutation of the canonical and accessory residues of the DKWSLLL signal can explain the separate or joined presentation of Wilson's cuprotoxicosis and the dysfunction of the cuproenzymes that accept Cu(+) at the TGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Lalioti
- Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Martinelli D, Dionisi-Vici C. AP1S1 defect causing MEDNIK syndrome: a new adaptinopathy associated with defective copper metabolism. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1314:55-63. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Martinelli
- Unit of Metabolism; Department of Pediatrics; Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital; Rome Italy
- Section on Translational Neuroscience; Molecular Medicine Program; NICHD/NIH; Bethesda Maryland
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Unit of Metabolism; Department of Pediatrics; Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital; Rome Italy
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44
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Yi L, Kaler S. ATP7A trafficking and mechanisms underlying the distal motor neuropathy induced by mutations in ATP7A. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1314:49-54. [PMID: 24754450 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diverse mutations in the gene encoding the copper transporter ATP7A lead to X-linked recessive Menkes disease or occipital horn syndrome. Recently, two unique ATP7A missense mutations, T994I and P1386S, were shown to cause isolated adult-onset distal motor neuropathy. These mutations induce subtle defects in ATP7A intracellular trafficking resulting in preferential accumulation at the plasma membrane compared to wild-type ATP7A. Immunoprecipitation assays revealed abnormal interaction between ATP7A(T994I) and p97/VCP, a protein mutated in two autosomal dominant forms of motor neuron disease. Small-interfering RNA knockdown of valosin-containing protein corrected ATP7A(T994I) mislocalization. For ATP7A(P1386S) , flow cytometry documented that nonpermeabilized fibroblasts bound a C-terminal ATP7A antibody, suggesting unstable insertion of the eighth transmembrane segment due to a helix-breaker effect of the amino acid substitution. This could sabotage interaction of ATP7A(P1386S) with adaptor protein complexes. These molecular events appear to selectively disturb normal motor neuron function and lead to neurologic illness that takes years and sometimes decades to develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yi
- Section on Translational Neuroscience, Molecular Medicine Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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45
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Polishchuk R, Lutsenko S. Golgi in copper homeostasis: a view from the membrane trafficking field. Histochem Cell Biol 2013; 140:285-95. [PMID: 23846821 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-013-1123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper is essential for a variety of important biological processes as a cofactor and regulator of many enzymes. Incorporation of copper into the secreted and plasma membrane-targeted cuproenzymes takes place in Golgi, a compartment central for normal copper homeostasis. The Golgi complex harbors copper-transporting ATPases, ATP7A and ATP7B that transfer copper from the cytosol into Golgi lumen for incorporation into copper-dependent enzymes. The Golgi complex also sends these ATPases to appropriate post-Golgi destinations to ensure correct Cu fluxes in the body and to avoid potentially toxic copper accumulation. Mutations in ATP7A or ATP7B or in the proteins that regulate their trafficking affect their exit from Golgi or subsequent retrieval to this organelle. This, in turn, disrupts the homeostatic Cu balance, resulting in copper deficiency (Menkes disease) or copper overload (Wilson disease). Research over the last decade has yielded significant insights into the enzymatic properties and cell biology of the copper ATPases. However, the mechanisms through which the Golgi regulates trafficking of ATP7A/7B and, therefore, maintains Cu homeostasis remain unclear. This review summarizes current data on the role of the Golgi in Cu metabolism and outlines questions and challenges that should be addressed to understand ATP7A and ATP7B trafficking mechanisms in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Polishchuk
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine TIGEM, Via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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