1
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Rasl J, Caslavsky J, Grusanovic J, Chvalova V, Kosla J, Adamec J, Grousl T, Klimova Z, Vomastek T. Depletion of calpain2 accelerates epithelial barrier establishment and reduces growth factor-induced cell scattering. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111295. [PMID: 38996955 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Calpain2 is a conventional member of the non-lysosomal calpain protease family that has been shown to affect the dynamics of focal and cell-cell adhesions by proteolyzing the components of adhesion complexes. Here, we inactivated calpain2 using CRISPR/Cas9 in epithelial MDCK cells. We show that depletion of calpain2 has multiple effects on cell morphology and function. Calpain2-depleted cells develop epithelial shape, however, they cover a smaller area, and cell clusters are more compact. Inactivation of calpain2 enhanced restoration of transepithelial electrical resistance after calcium switch, decreased cell migration, and delayed cell scattering induced by HGF/SF. In addition, calpain2 depletion prevented morphological changes induced by ERK2 overexpression. Interestingly, proteolysis of several calpain2 targets, including E-cadherin, β-catenin, talin, FAK, and paxillin, was not discernibly affected by calpain2 depletion. Taken together, these data suggest that calpain2 regulates the stability of cell-cell and cell-substratum adhesions indirectly without affecting the proteolysis of these adhesion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rasl
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Caslavsky
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josipa Grusanovic
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vera Chvalova
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kosla
- Laboratory of Viral and Cellular Genetics and Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Adamec
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University HSC School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Tomas Grousl
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Klimova
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomas Vomastek
- Laboratory of Cell Signalling Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
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2
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Johnson AR, Rao K, Zhang BB, Mullet S, Goetzman E, Gelhaus S, Tejero J, Shiva U. Myoglobin Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Fatty Acid Oxidation and Migration via Heme-dependent Oxidant Production and Not Fatty Acid Binding. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.30.591659. [PMID: 38746370 PMCID: PMC11092581 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.30.591659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The monomeric heme protein myoglobin (Mb), traditionally thought to be expressed exclusively in cardiac and skeletal muscle, is now known to be expressed in approximately 40% of breast tumors. While Mb expression is associated with better patient prognosis, the molecular mechanisms by which Mb limits cancer progression are unclear. In muscle, Mb's predominant function is oxygen storage and delivery, which is dependent on the protein's heme moiety. However, prior studies demonstrate that the low levels of Mb expressed in cancer cells preclude this function. Recent studies propose a novel fatty acid binding function for Mb via a lysine residue (K46) in the heme pocket. Given that cancer cells can upregulate fatty acid oxidation (FAO) to maintain energy production for cytoskeletal remodeling during cell migration, we tested whether Mb-mediated fatty acid binding modulates FAO to decrease breast cancer cell migration. We demonstrate that the stable expression of human Mb in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells decreases cell migration and FAO. Site-directed mutagenesis of Mb to disrupt Mb fatty acid binding did not reverse Mb-mediated attenuation of FAO or cell migration in these cells. In contrast, cells expressing Apo-Mb, in which heme incorporation was disrupted, showed a reversal of Mb-mediated attenuation of FAO and cell migration, suggesting that Mb attenuates FAO and migration via a heme-dependent mechanism rather than through fatty acid binding. To this end, we show that Mb's heme-dependent oxidant generation propagates dysregulated gene expression of migratory genes, and this is reversed by catalase treatment. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Mb decreases breast cancer cell migration, and this effect is due to heme-mediated oxidant production rather than fatty acid binding. The implication of these results will be discussed in the context of therapeutic strategies to modulate oxidant production and Mb in tumors. Highlights Myoglobin (Mb) expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells slows migration.Mb expression decreases mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid oxidation.Mb-dependent fatty acid binding does not regulate cell migration or respiration.Mb-dependent oxidant generation decreases mitochondrial metabolism and migration.Mb-derived oxidants dysregulate migratory gene expression.
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3
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Kawaguchi K, Yokoyama S, Wang H, Asano S. Inhibition of ezrin phosphorylation by NSC305787 attenuates procaterol-stimulated ciliary beating in airway cilia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149685. [PMID: 38373381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ciliary beating in the airway epithelium plays an important role in preventing infection by eliminating small particles and pathogens. Stimulation of β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) increases [cAMP]i levels and strongly activates this ciliary beating. β2AR is localized to the apical membrane of the airways by indirectly binding to ezrin, an actin-binding protein. Ezrin takes active phosphorylated and inactive dephosphorylated states at Thr-567. Previously we showed that procaterol-stimulated ciliary beating was impaired in the ezrin-knockdown mice. In this study, we examined the roles of ezrin and its phosphorylation in regulating ciliary beating by using NSC305787, an ezrin inhibitor, in normal human airway epithelial cells (NHBE). We found that NSC305787 inhibits the phosphorylation of ezrin with an IC50 of 50 μM in NHBE. Treatment with NSC305787 for 4 h or more decreased the expression of β2AR in the cell membrane and induced vesicle- or dot-like expression of ezrin and β2AR inside the cell. As a result, inhibition of ezrin phosphorylation by NSC305787 attenuated the effect of procaterol-induced activation of ciliary beating in both frequency and distance indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotoku Kawaguchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Sakura Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Haoting Wang
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinji Asano
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
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4
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Séraudie I, Pillet C, Cesana B, Bazelle P, Jeanneret F, Evrard B, Chalmel F, Bouzit A, Battail C, Long JA, Descotes JL, Cochet C, Filhol O. A new scaffold-free tumoroid model provides a robust preclinical tool to investigate invasion and drug response in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:622. [PMID: 37736770 PMCID: PMC10517165 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most prevalent kidney cancers, which is often asymptomatic and thus discovered at a metastatic state (mRCC). mRCC are highly heterogeneous tumors composed of subclonal populations that lead to poor treatment response rate. Several recent works explored the potential of ccRCC tumoroids culture derived from patients. However, these models were produced following a scaffold-based method using collagen I or Matrigel that exhibit lot variability and whose complexity could induce treatment response modifications and phenotypic alterations. Following the observation that ccRCC tumoroids can create their own niche by secreting extracellular matrix components, we developed the first scaffold-free tumoroid model of ccRCC tumors. Tumoroids from mice as well as from human tumors were generated with high success rate (≥90%) using a magnetic suspension method and standard culture media. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed their self-organization capacities to maintain multiple tumor-resident cell types, including endothelial progenitor cells. Transcriptomic analysis showed the reproducibility of the method highlighting that the majority of gene expression patterns was conserved in tumoroids compared to their matching tumor tissue. Moreover, this model enables to evaluate drug effects and invasiveness of renal cancer cells in a 3D context, providing a robust preclinical tool for drug screening and biomarker assessment in line with alternative ex vivo methods like tumor tissue slice culture or in vivo xenograft models.
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Grants
- EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
- INSERM, CEA, Ligue Comité de l’Isère, University Grenoble Alpes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble-Alpes (CHUGA), Groupement des Entreprises Françaises dans la Lutte contre le Cancer (GEFLUC)
- CEA, UGA
- CEA, Inserm
- UGA, Inserm, CEA
- CHU, Ligue Comité de l’Isère
- Inserm, Ligue Comité de l’Isère
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Affiliation(s)
- Irinka Séraudie
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UMR 1292, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Pillet
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UMR 1292, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Beatrice Cesana
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UMR 1292, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Pauline Bazelle
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UMR 1292, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Florian Jeanneret
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UMR 1292, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UA 13, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Bertrand Evrard
- University Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Chalmel
- University Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Assilah Bouzit
- Centre hospitalier universitaire Grenoble Alpes, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble, cedex 9, France
| | - Christophe Battail
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UMR 1292, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UA 13, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Alexandre Long
- Centre hospitalier universitaire Grenoble Alpes, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble, cedex 9, France
| | - Jean Luc Descotes
- Centre hospitalier universitaire Grenoble Alpes, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble, cedex 9, France
| | - Claude Cochet
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UMR 1292, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Odile Filhol
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, IRIG-Biosanté, UMR 1292, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
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5
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García-Trevijano ER, Ortiz-Zapater E, Gimeno A, Viña JR, Zaragozá R. Calpains, the proteases of two faces controlling the epithelial homeostasis in mammary gland. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1249317. [PMID: 37795261 PMCID: PMC10546029 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1249317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Calpain-1 and calpain-2 are calcium-dependent Cys-proteases ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues with a processive, rather than degradative activity. They are crucial for physiological mammary gland homeostasis as well as for breast cancer progression. A growing number of evidences indicate that their pleiotropic functions depend on the cell type, tissue and biological context where they are expressed or dysregulated. This review considers these standpoints to cover the paradoxical role of calpain-1 and -2 in the mammary tissue either, under the physiological conditions of the postlactational mammary gland regression or the pathological context of breast cancer. The role of both calpains will be examined and discussed in both conditions, followed by a brief snapshot on the present and future challenges for calpains, the two-gateway proteases towards tissue homeostasis or tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena R. García-Trevijano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- INLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Ortiz-Zapater
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- INLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Gimeno
- Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan R. Viña
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- INLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Zaragozá
- INLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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6
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Buenaventura RGM, Merlino G, Yu Y. Ez-Metastasizing: The Crucial Roles of Ezrin in Metastasis. Cells 2023; 12:1620. [PMID: 37371090 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ezrin is the cytoskeletal organizer and functions in the modulation of membrane-cytoskeleton interaction, maintenance of cell shape and structure, and regulation of cell-cell adhesion and movement, as well as cell survival. Ezrin plays a critical role in regulating tumor metastasis through interaction with other binding proteins. Notably, Ezrin has been reported to interact with immune cells, allowing tumor cells to escape immune attack in metastasis. Here, we review the main functions of Ezrin, the mechanisms through which it acts, its role in tumor metastasis, and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Gabriel M Buenaventura
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Glenn Merlino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yanlin Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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7
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Tabrizi MEA, Gupta JK, Gross SR. Ezrin and Its Phosphorylated Thr567 Form Are Key Regulators of Human Extravillous Trophoblast Motility and Invasion. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050711. [PMID: 36899847 PMCID: PMC10000480 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein ezrin has been shown to enhance cancer cell motility and invasion leading to malignant behaviours in solid tumours, but a similar regulatory function in the early physiological reproduction state is, however, much less clear. We speculated that ezrin may play a key role in promoting first-trimester extravillous trophoblast (EVT) migration/invasion. Ezrin, as well as its Thr567 phosphorylation, were found in all trophoblasts studied, whether primary cells or lines. Interestingly, the proteins were seen in a distinct cellular localisation in long, extended protrusions in specific regions of cells. Loss-of-function experiments were carried out in EVT HTR8/SVneo and Swan71, as well as primary cells, using either ezrin siRNAs or the phosphorylation Thr567 inhibitor NSC668394, resulting in significant reductions in both cell motility and cellular invasion, albeit with differences between the cells used. Our analysis further demonstrated that an increase in focal adhesion was, in part, able to explain some of the molecular mechanisms involved. Data collected using human placental sections and protein lysates further showed that ezrin expression was significantly higher during the early stage of placentation and, importantly, clearly seen in the EVT anchoring columns, further supporting the potential role of ezrin in regulating migration and invasion in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janesh K. Gupta
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stephane R. Gross
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-0121-204-3467
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8
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Lade JM, Andrade MR, Undem C, Walker J, Jiang H, Yun X, Shimoda LA. Hypoxia enhances interactions between Na +/H + exchanger isoform 1 and actin filaments via ezrin in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1108304. [PMID: 36926194 PMCID: PMC10011449 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1108304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to hypoxia, due to high altitude or chronic lung disease, leads to structural changes in the pulmonary vascular wall, including hyperplasia and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Previous studies showed that hypoxia upregulates the expression of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) and that inhibition or loss of NHE1 prevents hypoxia-induced PASMC migration and proliferation. The exact mechanism by which NHE1 controls PASMC function has not been fully delineated. In fibroblasts, NHE1 has been shown to act as a membrane anchor for actin filaments, via binding of the adaptor protein, ezrin. Thus, in this study, we tested the role of ezrin and NHE1/actin interactions in controlling PASMC function. Using rat PASMCs exposed to in vitro hypoxia (4% O2, 24 h) we found that hypoxic exposure increased phosphorylation (activation) of ezrin, and promoted interactions between NHE1, phosphorylated ezrin and smooth muscle specific α-actin (SMA) as measured via immunoprecipitation and co-localization. Overexpression of wild-type human NHE1 in the absence of hypoxia was sufficient to induce PASMC migration and proliferation, whereas inhibiting ezrin phosphorylation with NSC668394 suppressed NHE1/SMA co-localization and migration in hypoxic PASMCs. Finally, overexpressing a version of human NHE1 in which amino acids were mutated to prevent NHE1/ezrin/SMA interactions was unable to increase PASMC migration and proliferation despite exhibiting normal Na+/H+ exchange activity. From these results, we conclude that hypoxic exposure increases ezrin phosphorylation in PASMCs, leading to enhanced ezrin/NHE1/SMA interaction. We further speculate that these interactions promote anchoring of the actin cytoskeleton to the membrane to facilitate the changes in cell movement and shape required for migration and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Lade
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Manuella R Andrade
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Clark Undem
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jasmine Walker
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xin Yun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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9
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Li Y, Wang D, Ge H, Güngör C, Gong X, Chen Y. Cytoskeletal and Cytoskeleton-Associated Proteins: Key Regulators of Cancer Stem Cell Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1369. [PMID: 36355541 PMCID: PMC9698833 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells possessing stemness characteristics that are closely associated with tumor proliferation, recurrence and resistance to therapy. Recent studies have shown that different cytoskeletal components and remodeling processes have a profound impact on the behavior of CSCs. In this review, we outline the different cytoskeletal components regulating the properties of CSCs and discuss current and ongoing therapeutic strategies targeting the cytoskeleton. Given the many challenges currently faced in targeted cancer therapy, a deeper comprehension of the molecular events involved in the interaction of the cytoskeleton and CSCs will help us identify more effective therapeutic strategies to eliminate CSCs and ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heming Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cenap Güngör
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xuejun Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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10
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Langlois B, Martin J, Schneider C, Hachet C, Terryn C, Rioult D, Martiny L, Théret L, Salesse S, Dedieu S. LRP-1-dependent control of calpain expression and activity: A new mechanism regulating thyroid carcinoma cell adhesion. Front Oncol 2022; 12:981927. [PMID: 36052226 PMCID: PMC9424861 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.981927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a multifunctional endocytic receptor mediating the clearance of various molecules from the extracellular matrix. LRP1 also regulates cell surface expression of matrix receptors by modulating both extracellular and intracellular signals, though current knowledge of the underlying mechanisms remains partial in the frame of cancer cells interaction with matricellular substrates. In this study we identified that LRP1 downregulates calpain activity and calpain 2 transcriptional expression in an invasive thyroid carcinoma cell model. LRP1-dependent alleviation of calpain activity limits cell-matrix attachment strength and contributes to FTC133 cells invasive abilities in a modified Boyden chamber assays. In addition, using enzymatic assays and co-immunoprecipitation experiments, we demonstrated that LRP1 exerts post-translational inhibition of calpain activity through PKA-dependent phosphorylation of calpain-2. This LRP-1 dual mode of control of calpain activity fine-tunes carcinoma cell spreading. We showed that LRP1-mediated calpain inhibition participates in talin-positive focal adhesions dissolution and limits β1-integrin expression at carcinoma cell surface. In conclusion, we identified an additional and innovative intracellular mechanism which demonstrates LRP-1 pro-motile action in thyroid cancer cells. LRP-1 ability to specifically control calpain-2 expression and activity highlights a novel facet of its de-adhesion receptor status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Langlois
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, UMR 7369 CNRS, Reims, France
- *Correspondence: Benoit Langlois,
| | - Julie Martin
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, UMR 7369 CNRS, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Schneider
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, UMR 7369 CNRS, Reims, France
| | - Cathy Hachet
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, UMR 7369 CNRS, Reims, France
| | - Christine Terryn
- Plate-Forme Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire (PICT), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Médecine, Reims, France
| | - Damien Rioult
- Plateau Technique Mobile de Cytométrie Environnementale MOBICYTE, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne/INERIS, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Martiny
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, UMR 7369 CNRS, Reims, France
| | - Louis Théret
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, UMR 7369 CNRS, Reims, France
| | - Stéphanie Salesse
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, UMR 7369 CNRS, Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Dedieu
- UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, MEDyC, UMR 7369 CNRS, Reims, France
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11
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Barik GK, Sahay O, Paul D, Santra MK. Ezrin gone rogue in cancer progression and metastasis: An enticing therapeutic target. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188753. [PMID: 35752404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer as it remains the most complicated, devastating, and enigmatic aspect of cancer. Several decades of extensive research have identified several key players closely associated with metastasis. Among these players, cytoskeletal linker Ezrin (the founding member of the ERM (Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin) family) was identified as a critical promoter of metastasis in pediatric cancers in the early 21st century. Ezrin was discovered 40 years ago as a aminor component of intestinal epithelial microvillus core protein, which is enriched in actin-containing cell surface structures. It controls gastric acid secretion and plays diverse physiological roles including maintaining cell polarity, regulating cell adhesion, cell motility and morphogenesis. Extensive research for more than two decades evinces that Ezrin is frequently dysregulated in several human cancers. Overexpression, altered subcellular localization and/or aberrant activation of Ezrin are closely associated with higher metastatic incidence and patient mortality, thereby justifying Ezrin as a valuable prognostic biomarker in cancer. Ezrin plays multifaceted role in multiple aspects of cancer, with its significant contribution in the complex metastatic cascade, through reorganizing the cytoskeleton and deregulating various cellular signaling pathways. Current preclinical studies using genetic and/or pharmacological approaches reveal that inactivation of Ezrin results in significant inhibition of Ezrin-mediated tumor growth and metastasis as well as increase in the sensitivity of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we discuss the recent advances illuminating the molecular mechanisms responsible for Ezrin dysregulation in cancer and its pleiotropic role in cancer progression and metastasis. We also highlight its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in various cancers. More importantly, we put forward some potential questions, which we strongly believe, will stimulate both basic and translational research to better understand Ezrin-mediated malignancy, ultimately leading to the development of Ezrin-targeted cancer therapy for the betterment of human life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Barik
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Osheen Sahay
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Debasish Paul
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Manas Kumar Santra
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
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12
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Hoskin V, Ghaffari A, Laight BJ, SenGupta S, Madarnas Y, Nicol CJB, Elliott BE, Varma S, Greer PA. Targeting the Ezrin Adaptor Protein Sensitizes Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy and Reduces Neoadjuvant Therapy-induced Metastasis. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:456-470. [PMID: 36923551 PMCID: PMC10010290 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main cause of cancer-associated deaths is the spread of cancer cells to distant organs. Despite its success in the primary tumor setting, modern chemotherapeutic strategies are rendered ineffective at treating metastatic disease, largely due to the development of resistance. The adaptor protein ezrin has been shown to promote cancer metastasis in multiple preclinical models and is associated with poor prognosis in several cancer types, including breast cancer. Ezrin promotes pro-survival signaling, particularly in disseminated cancer cells, to facilitate metastatic outgrowth. However, the role of ezrin in breast cancer chemoresistance is not fully known. In this study, we show that upregulating or downregulating ezrin expression modifies the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin and docetaxel treatment in vitro and is associated with changes in PI3K/Akt and NFκB pathway activation. In addition, we tested the effects of systemic treatment with a small-molecule ezrin inhibitor, NSC668394, on lung metastatic burden in vivo as a monotherapy, or in combination with anthracycline- or taxane-based chemotherapy treatment. We show that anti-ezrin treatment alone reduces metastatic burden and markedly sensitizes metastases to doxorubicin or docetaxel in neoadjuvant as well as neoadjuvant plus adjuvant treatment models. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the impact of anti-ezrin treatment in modulating response to chemotherapy in breast cancer cells as well as the efficacy of anti-ezrin treatment in combination with chemotherapy at reducing metastatic burden. Significance This work provides preclinical evidence for combining anti-ezrin treatment with chemotherapy as a novel strategy for effectively targeting metastasis, particularly in a neoadjuvant treatment setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Hoskin
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute; Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdi Ghaffari
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute; Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian J Laight
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute; Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandip SenGupta
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Christopher J B Nicol
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute; Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruce E Elliott
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute; Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sonal Varma
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter A Greer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute; Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Gul H, Selvi S, Yilmaz F, Ozcelik G, Olfaz‐Aslan S, Yazan S, Tiryaki B, Gul S, Yurtseven A, Kavakli IH, Ozlu N, Ozturk N. Proteome analysis of the circadian clock protein PERIOD2. Proteins 2022; 90:1315-1330. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.26314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Gul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Saba Selvi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Fatma Yilmaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Gozde Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Senanur Olfaz‐Aslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Seyma Yazan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Busra Tiryaki
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Seref Gul
- Department of Biology Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ali Yurtseven
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Koc University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Halil Kavakli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Koc University Istanbul Turkey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Koc University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Nurhan Ozlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Koc University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Nuri Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
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14
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Chen J, Rodriguez M, Miao J, Liao J, Jain PP, Zhao M, Zhao T, Babicheva A, Wang Z, Parmisano S, Powers R, Matti M, Paquin C, Soroureddin Z, Shyy JYJ, Thistlethwaite PA, Makino A, Wang J, Yuan JXJ. Mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 is required for pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L737-L760. [PMID: 35318857 PMCID: PMC9076422 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00447.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Concentric pulmonary vascular wall thickening due partially to increased pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation contributes to elevating pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Although pulmonary vasoconstriction may be an early contributor to increasing PVR, the transition of contractile PASMCs to proliferative PASMCs may play an important role in the development and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. A rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) is a trigger for PASMC contraction and proliferation. Here, we report that upregulation of Piezo1, a mechanosensitive cation channel, is involved in the contractile-to-proliferative phenotypic transition of PASMCs and potential development of pulmonary vascular remodeling. By comparing freshly isolated PA (contractile PASMCs) and primary cultured PASMCs (from the same rat) in a growth medium (proliferative PASMCs), we found that Piezo1, Notch2/3, and CaSR protein levels were significantly higher in proliferative PASMCs than in contractile PASMCs. Upregulated Piezo1 was associated with an increase in expression of PCNA, a marker for cell proliferation, whereas downregulation (with siRNA) or inhibition (with GsMTx4) of Piezo1 attenuated PASMC proliferation. Furthermore, Piezo1 in the remodeled PA from rats with experimental PH was upregulated compared with PA from control rats. These data indicate that PASMC contractile-to-proliferative phenotypic transition is associated with the transition or adaptation of membrane channels and receptors. Upregulated Piezo1 may play a critical role in PASMC phenotypic transition and PASMC proliferation. Upregulation of Piezo1 in proliferative PASMCs may likely be required to provide sufficient Ca2+ to assure nuclear/cell division and PASMC proliferation, contributing to the development and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jinrui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pritesh P Jain
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Manjia Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sophia Parmisano
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ryan Powers
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Moreen Matti
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Cole Paquin
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Zahra Soroureddin
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Patricia A Thistlethwaite
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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15
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calpain-1 and calpain-2 are prototypical classical isoforms of the calpain family of calcium-activated cysteine proteases. Their substrate proteins participate in a wide range of cellular processes, including transcription, survival, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Dysregulated calpain activity has been implicated in tumorigenesis, suggesting that calpains may be promising therapeutic targets. AREAS COVERED This review covers clinical and basic research studies implicating calpain-1 and calpain-2 expression and activity in tumorigenesis and metastasis. We highlight isoform specific functions and provide an overview of substrates and cancer-related signalling pathways affected by calpain-mediated proteolytic cleavage. We also discuss efforts to develop clinically relevant calpain specific inhibitors and spotlight the challenges facing inhibitor development. EXPERT OPINION Rationale for targeting calpain-1 and calpain-2 in cancer is supported by pre-clinical and clinical studies demonstrating that calpain inhibition has the potential to attenuate carcinogenesis and block metastasis of aggressive tumors. The wide range of substrates and cleavage products, paired with inconsistencies in model systems, underscores the need for more complete understanding of physiological substrates and how calpain cleavage alters their function in cellular processes. The development of isoform specific calpain inhibitors remains an important goal with therapeutic potential in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Shapovalov
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, 10 Stuart Street, Botterell Hall, Room A309, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Danielle Harper
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, 10 Stuart Street, Botterell Hall, Room A309, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Peter A Greer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, 10 Stuart Street, Botterell Hall, Room A309, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada
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16
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Chen Z, Wang J, Lu Y, Lai C, Qu L, Zhuo Y. Ezrin expression in circulating tumor cells is a predictor of prostate cancer metastasis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4076-4084. [PMID: 35156523 PMCID: PMC8974175 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2014710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) remains incurable and fatal. Previous studies have proven that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and Ezrin are involved in PCa progression, metastasis, diagnosis, and prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the roles of CTCs and Ezrin in PCa metastasis. The expression of Ezrin was measured by qRT–PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The migration and invasion of PCa cells were evaluated. Additionally, clinical data from PCa patients were collected to analyze the potential roles of Ezrin expression in CTCs of PCa. The results showed that Ezrin expression was significantly upregulated in PCa tissues and 22RV1 and PC-3 cell samples. The overexpression of Ezrin promoted the migratory and invasive abilities of 22RV1 and PC-3 cells. Finally, the clinical data revealed that the expression of Ezrin in CTCs of PCa patients was significantly upregulated with the metastatic degree. Furthermore, after radical prostatectomy, CTCs from Ezrin-positive PCa patients were susceptible to tumor metastasis. Therefore, these results indicated that Ezrin expression in CTCs may offer novel insights into the prognosis and management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Pathology, The FirstAffiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangbai Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Departments of Urology, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Caiyong Lai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lijun Qu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yumin Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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17
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Shoaib Z, Fan TM, Irudayaraj J. Osteosarcoma mechanobiology and therapeutic targets. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:201-217. [PMID: 34679192 PMCID: PMC9305477 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the one of the most common primary tumors of bone with less than a 20% 5-year survival rate after the development of metastases. OS is highly predisposed in Paget's disease (PD) of bone, and both have common characteristic skeletal features due to rapid bone remodeling. OS prognosis is location dependent which further emphasizes the likely contribution of the bone microenvironment in its pathogenesis. Mechanobiology is the phenomenon when mechanical cues from the changing physical microenvironment of bone are transduced to biological pathways through mechanosensitive cellular components. Mechanobiology-driven therapies have been used for curbing tumor progression by direct alteration of the physical microenvironment or inhibition of metastasis-associated mechanosensitive proteins. This review emphasizes the contribution of mechanobiology to OS progression, and sheds light on current mechanobiology-based therapies and potential new targets for improving disease management. Additionally, the variety of 3D models currently used to study OS mechanobiology are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Shoaib
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Timothy M Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Irudayaraj
- Department of Bioengineering, Nick Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.,Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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18
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Kuo CH, Huang YH, Chen PK, Lee GH, Tang MJ, Conway EM, Shi GY, Wu HL. VEGF-Induced Endothelial Podosomes via ROCK2-Dependent Thrombomodulin Expression Initiate Sprouting Angiogenesis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1657-1671. [PMID: 33730876 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsiang Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.K., P.-K.C., G.-Y.S.,
H.-L.W.)
- College of Medicine and International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.K., G.-H.L., M.-J.T., H.-L.W.)
| | - Yi-Hsun Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (Y.-H.H.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (Y.-H.H.)
| | - Po-Ku Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.K., P.-K.C., G.-Y.S.,
H.-L.W.)
- Now with Translational Medicine Laboratory, Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (P.-K. C.)
| | - Gang-Hui Lee
- College of Medicine and International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.K., G.-H.L., M.-J.T., H.-L.W.)
| | - Ming-Jer Tang
- College of Medicine and International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.K., G.-H.L., M.-J.T., H.-L.W.)
| | - Edward M Conway
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.M.C.)
| | - Guey-Yueh Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.K., P.-K.C., G.-Y.S.,
H.-L.W.)
| | - Hua-Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.K., P.-K.C., G.-Y.S.,
H.-L.W.)
- College of Medicine and International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-H.K., G.-H.L., M.-J.T., H.-L.W.)
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19
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Wang J, Wang Q, Zhao T, Liu X, Bai G, Xin Y, Shen H, Wei B. Expression profile of serum-related exosomal miRNAs from parathyroid tumor. Endocrine 2021; 72:239-248. [PMID: 33161496 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02535-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The expression pattern of exosomal miRNAs derived from parathyroid tumor is still unknown. In the present work, we aimed to examine the differences on microRNA (miRNA) expression, present in serum exosomes, by comparing parathyroid carcinoma (PC) and parathyroid adenoma (PA). METHODS MiRNA expression profile of serum exosomes, derived from 4 PC patients and 4 PA patients, were analyzed by next-generation sequencing technology. The differential expressions of target miRNAs were further verified in both serum exosomes and tissues of PC/PA patients by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Lastly, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to investigate the efficiency of target exosomal miRNAs in distinguishing PC patients from PA controls. RESULTS Multiple differentially expressed miRNAs of serum exosomes were screened out by sequencing. Based on this screening, hsa-miR-146b-5p (p = 0.0846), hsa-miR-27a-5p (p = 0.0412), hsa-miR-93-5p (p = 0.73), hsa-miR-381-3p (p = 0.1239) and hsa-miR-134-5p (p = 0.0694) were upregulated in the serum exosomes of PC patients. These results were validated by qPCR, where the trend on differential miRNA expression was consistent with the sequencing results. Specifically, the expression of exosomal hsa-miR-27a-5p was able to clearly distinguish PC patients from PA controls, and related analysis indicated that the area under the ROC curve was 0.8594 (p = 0.0157). CONCLUSIONS Here we present, for the first time, the miRNA expression profile of serum exosomes derived from PC patients. Based on this result, we presently suggest that the exosomal hsa-miR-27a-5p may serve as a putative tumor marker for preoperative identification of PC and PA subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Teng Zhao
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Bai
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhui Xin
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Bojun Wei
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100020, Beijing, China.
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20
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Chanez B, Ostacolo K, Badache A, Thuault S. EB1 Restricts Breast Cancer Cell Invadopodia Formation and Matrix Proteolysis via FAK. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020388. [PMID: 33668531 PMCID: PMC7918453 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of microtubule dynamics by plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs) plays an essential role in cancer cell migration. However, the role of +TIPs in cancer cell invasion has been poorly addressed. Invadopodia, actin-rich protrusions specialized in extracellular matrix degradation, are essential for cancer cell invasion and metastasis, the leading cause of death in breast cancer. We, therefore, investigated the role of the End Binding protein, EB1, a major hub of the +TIP network, in invadopodia functions. EB1 silencing increased matrix degradation by breast cancer cells. This was recapitulated by depletion of two additional +TIPs and EB1 partners, APC and ACF7, but not by the knockdown of other +TIPs, such as CLASP1/2 or CLIP170. The knockdown of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) was previously proposed to similarly promote invadopodia formation as a consequence of a switch of the Src kinase from focal adhesions to invadopodia. Interestingly, EB1-, APC-, or ACF7-depleted cells had decreased expression/activation of FAK. Remarkably, overexpression of wild type FAK, but not of FAK mutated to prevent Src recruitment, prevented the increased degradative activity induced by EB1 depletion. Overall, we propose that EB1 restricts invadopodia formation through the control of FAK and, consequently, the spatial regulation of Src activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Badache
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.T.); Tel.: +33-(0)4-8697-7352 (S.T.)
| | - Sylvie Thuault
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.T.); Tel.: +33-(0)4-8697-7352 (S.T.)
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21
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Rigiracciolo DC, Cirillo F, Talia M, Muglia L, Gutkind JS, Maggiolini M, Lappano R. Focal Adhesion Kinase Fine Tunes Multifaced Signals toward Breast Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:645. [PMID: 33562737 PMCID: PMC7915897 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents the most common diagnosed malignancy and the main leading cause of tumor-related death among women worldwide. Therefore, several efforts have been made in order to identify valuable molecular biomarkers for the prognosis and prediction of therapeutic responses in breast tumor patients. In this context, emerging discoveries have indicated that focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, might represent a promising target involved in breast tumorigenesis. Of note, high FAK expression and activity have been tightly correlated with a poor clinical outcome and metastatic features in several tumors, including breast cancer. Recently, a role for the integrin-FAK signaling in mechanotransduction has been suggested and the function of FAK within the breast tumor microenvironment has been ascertained toward tumor angiogenesis and vascular permeability. FAK has been also involved in cancer stem cells (CSCs)-mediated initiation, maintenance and therapeutic responses of breast tumors. In addition, the potential of FAK to elicit breast tumor-promoting effects has been even associated with the capability to modulate immune responses. On the basis of these findings, several agents targeting FAK have been exploited in diverse preclinical tumor models. Here, we recapitulate the multifaceted action exerted by FAK and its prognostic significance in breast cancer. Moreover, we highlight the recent clinical evidence regarding the usefulness of FAK inhibitors in the treatment of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cosimo Rigiracciolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.C.); (M.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Francesca Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.C.); (M.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Marianna Talia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.C.); (M.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Lucia Muglia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.C.); (M.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Jorge Silvio Gutkind
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.C.); (M.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.C.); (M.T.); (L.M.); (R.L.)
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22
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Ezoe K, Miki T, Ohata K, Fujiwara N, Yabuuchi A, Kobayashi T, Kato K. Prolactin receptor expression and its role in trophoblast outgrowth in human embryos. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 42:699-707. [PMID: 33608185 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the gene expression pattern of prolactin receptor (PRLR) in human pre-implantation embryos and what are its functions during the embryonic development and adhesion process? DESIGN A total of 405 discarded human vitrified oocytes and embryos donated for research by consenting couples were used in this study. The oocytes and embryos were used to analyse PRLR expression and to evaluate the influence of prolactin (PRL) supplementation in the embryo culture medium on embryo developmental competence and viability. The rates of blastocyst development and adhesion, outgrowth area, cytoskeletal reorganization and nascent adhesion formation were compared between groups. RESULTS PRLR expression increased significantly after embryo compaction (P < 0.0001) and blastulation (P < 0.0001). Supplementation of the embryo culture medium with PRL did not improve the developmental rate and morphological grade. In contrast, blastocyst outgrowth was significantly increased in embryos cultured with PRL (P = 0.0004). Phosphorylation of JAK2, downstream of the prolactin receptor family, was markedly higher in the PRL-treated embryos than in embryos cultured without PRL. Furthermore, the expression of mRNAs encoding ezrin-radixin-moesin proteins and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes was stimulated by the activation of PRL-JAK2 signalling. The PRL-treated embryos had higher mRNA expression of integrins than non-treated embryos, and transcriptional repression of cadherin 1 was observed after PRL treatment. More nascent adherent cells expressed focal adhesion kinase and paxillin in PRL-treated embryos than in non-treated embryos. CONCLUSIONS Human embryos express PRLR at the morula and blastocyst stages, and PRLR signalling stimulates blastocyst adhesion by promoting integrin-based focal adhesions and cytoskeletal organization during trophoblast outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ezoe
- Kato Ladies Clinic, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Miki
- Kato Ladies Clinic, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohata
- Kato Ladies Clinic, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Keiichi Kato
- Kato Ladies Clinic, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-0023, Japan.
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23
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Novikov NM, Zolotaryova SY, Gautreau AM, Denisov EV. Mutational drivers of cancer cell migration and invasion. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:102-114. [PMID: 33204027 PMCID: PMC7784720 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability and mutations underlie the hallmarks of cancer-genetic alterations determine cancer cell fate by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis and immune response, and increasing data show that mutations are involved in metastasis, a crucial event in cancer progression and a life-threatening problem in cancer patients. Invasion is the first step in the metastatic cascade, when tumour cells acquire the ability to move, penetrate into the surrounding tissue and enter lymphatic and blood vessels in order to disseminate. A role for genetic alterations in invasion is not universally accepted, with sceptics arguing that cellular motility is related only to external factors such as hypoxia, chemoattractants and the rigidity of the extracellular matrix. However, increasing evidence shows that mutations might trigger and accelerate the migration and invasion of different types of cancer cells. In this review, we summarise data from published literature on the effect of chromosomal instability and genetic mutations on cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita M Novikov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sofia Y Zolotaryova
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexis M Gautreau
- CNRS UMR7654, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Denisov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.
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24
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Abstract
Simple Summary Cell migration is an essential process from embryogenesis to cell death. This is tightly regulated by numerous proteins that help in proper functioning of the cell. In diseases like cancer, this process is deregulated and helps in the dissemination of tumor cells from the primary site to secondary sites initiating the process of metastasis. For metastasis to be efficient, cytoskeletal components like actin, myosin, and intermediate filaments and their associated proteins should co-ordinate in an orderly fashion leading to the formation of many cellular protrusions-like lamellipodia and filopodia and invadopodia. Knowledge of this process is the key to control metastasis of cancer cells that leads to death in 90% of the patients. The focus of this review is giving an overall understanding of these process, concentrating on the changes in protein association and regulation and how the tumor cells use it to their advantage. Since the expression of cytoskeletal proteins can be directly related to the degree of malignancy, knowledge about these proteins will provide powerful tools to improve both cancer prognosis and treatment. Abstract Successful metastasis depends on cell invasion, migration, host immune escape, extravasation, and angiogenesis. The process of cell invasion and migration relies on the dynamic changes taking place in the cytoskeletal components; actin, tubulin and intermediate filaments. This is possible due to the plasticity of the cytoskeleton and coordinated action of all the three, is crucial for the process of metastasis from the primary site. Changes in cellular architecture by internal clues will affect the cell functions leading to the formation of different protrusions like lamellipodia, filopodia, and invadopodia that help in cell migration eventually leading to metastasis, which is life threatening than the formation of neoplasms. Understanding the signaling mechanisms involved, will give a better insight of the changes during metastasis, which will eventually help targeting proteins for treatment resulting in reduced mortality and longer survival.
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25
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Borhan A, Nozarian Z, Abdollahi A, Shahsiah R, Mohammadpour H, Borhan A. Evaluation of the Relationship Between Expression of Villin and Gelsolin Genes and Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Breast Cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 16:27-32. [PMID: 33391377 PMCID: PMC7691711 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.121532.2322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Nowadays, actin-binding proteins such as Villin and Gelsolin have been considered to be associated with aggressive tumors. This study mainly aims to determine the relationship between Gelsolin and Villin genes expression and metastasis of axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer. Methods: The included population consisted of 40 confirmed cases of female breast cancer (including 20 patients with breast cancer along with axillary lymph node metastasis and 20 patients without axillary lymph node metastasis). Expression of Villin and Gelsolin genes was evaluated using Real-time PCR and pre-designed primers. Results: The mean expression level of Villin in groups with and without axillary lymph node metastasis was 3.33±1.35 and 0.87±0.88, respectively (P<0.001). The mean Gelsolin expression levels in both groups (with and without axillary lymph node metastasis) were 4.13±2.40 and 1.00±0.35, respectively (P<0.001). The significant relationships were independent of individuals’ age. Conclusion: Patients with axillary lymph node metastasis may express significant higher level of Villin and Gelsolin genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Borhan
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute of Iran, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Nozarian
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute of Iran, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Abdollahi
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute of Iran, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Shahsiah
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute of Iran, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Mohammadpour
- Iran National Tumor Bank, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Borhan
- Iran National Tumor Bank, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Inhibition of Radiation and Temozolomide-Induced Glioblastoma Invadopodia Activity Using Ion Channel Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102888. [PMID: 33050088 PMCID: PMC7599723 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma accounts for approximately 40–50% of all primary brain cancers and is a highly aggressive cancer that rapidly disseminates within the surrounding normal brain. Dynamic actin-rich protrusions known as invadopodia facilitate this invasive process. Ion channels have also been linked to a pro-invasive phenotype and may contribute to facilitating invadopodia activity in cancer cells. The aim of our study was to screen ion channel-targeting drugs for their cytotoxic efficacy and potential anti-invadopodia properties in glioblastoma cells. We demonstrated that the targeting of ion channels in glioblastoma cells can lead to a reduction in invadopodia activity and protease secretion. Importantly, the candidate drugs exhibited a significant reduction in radiation and temozolomide-induced glioblastoma cell invadopodia activity. These findings support the proposed pro-invasive role of ion channels via invadopodia in glioblastoma, which may be ideal therapeutic targets for the treatment of glioblastoma patients. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and malignant type of primary brain cancer. The rapid invasion and dissemination of tumor cells into the surrounding normal brain is a major driver of tumor recurrence, and long-term survival of GBM patients is extremely rare. Actin-rich cell membrane protrusions known as invadopodia can facilitate the highly invasive properties of GBM cells. Ion channels have been proposed to contribute to a pro-invasive phenotype in cancer cells and may also be involved in the invadopodia activity of GBM cells. GBM cell cytotoxicity screening of several ion channel drugs identified three drugs with potent cell killing efficacy: flunarizine dihydrochloride, econazole nitrate, and quinine hydrochloride dihydrate. These drugs demonstrated a reduction in GBM cell invadopodia activity and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) secretion. Importantly, the treatment of GBM cells with these drugs led to a significant reduction in radiation/temozolomide-induced invadopodia activity. The dual cytotoxic and anti-invasive efficacy of these agents merits further research into targeting ion channels to reduce GBM malignancy, with a potential for future clinical translation in combination with the standard therapy.
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27
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Yao L, Shippy T, Li Y. Genetic analysis of the molecular regulation of electric fields-guided glia migration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16821. [PMID: 33033380 PMCID: PMC7546725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In a developing nervous system, endogenous electric field (EF) influence embryonic growth. We reported the EF-directed migration of both rat Schwann cells (SCs) and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and explored the molecular mechanism using RNA-sequencing assay. However, previous studies revealed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with EF-guided migration of SCs or OPCs alone. In this study, we performed joint differential expression analysis on the RNA-sequencing data from both cell types. We report a number of significantly enriched gene ontology (GO) terms that are related to the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and cell migration. Of the DEGs associated with these terms, nine up-regulated DEGs and 32 down-regulated DEGs showed the same direction of effect in both SCs and OPCs stimulated with EFs, while the remaining DEGs responded differently. Thus, our study reveals the similarities and differences in gene expression and cell migration regulation of different glial cell types in response to EF stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount Street, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA.
| | - Teresa Shippy
- Bioinformatics Specialist, KSU Bioinformatics Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Yongchao Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount Street, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
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28
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Donkor IO. An update on the therapeutic potential of calpain inhibitors: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020; 30:659-675. [PMID: 32700591 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2020.1797678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calpain is a cytosolic proteinase that regulates of a wide range of physiological functions. The enzyme has been implicated in various pathological conditions including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and several other diseases. Therefore, calpain inhibitors are of interest as therapeutic agents and have been studied in preclinical models of several diseases in which the enzyme has been implicated. AREAS COVERED Calpain inhibitors that were disclosed over the last 5 years (2015-2019) include calpastatin-based peptidomimetics; thalassospiramide lipopeptides; disulfide analogs of alpha-mercaptoacrylic acids; allosteric modulators; azoloimidazolidenones; and macrocyclic/non-macrocyclic carboxamides. The effectiveness of some of the inhibitors in preclinical animal models is discussed. EXPERT OPINION Significant milestones that were made over this time frame include: a) disclosure of novel blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeable calpastatin analogs as calpain inhibitors; b) disclosure that potent calpain inhibitors can be obtained by targeting the hydrophobic pockets on chain A of PEF(S) of the small subunit of calpain; c) use of PEF(S) (PDB ID: 4WQ2) in virtual screening to identify novel structurally diverse calpain inhibitors; and d) mitigation of the metabolic instability of the alpha-ketoamide warhead of calpain inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac O Donkor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Pharmacy , Memphis, Tennessee, United States
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29
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Gerashchenko TS, Zolotaryova SY, Kiselev AM, Tashireva LA, Novikov NM, Krakhmal NV, Cherdyntseva NV, Zavyalova MV, Perelmuter VM, Denisov EV. The Activity of KIF14, Mieap, and EZR in a New Type of the Invasive Component, Torpedo-Like Structures, Predetermines the Metastatic Potential of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1909. [PMID: 32679794 PMCID: PMC7409151 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumor morphological heterogeneity reflects patterns of invasive growth and is an indicator of the metastatic potential of breast cancer. In this study, we used this heterogeneity to identify molecules associated with breast cancer invasion and metastasis. The gene expression microarray data were used to identify genes differentially expressed between solid, trabecular, and other morphological arrangements of tumor cells. Immunohistochemistry was applied to evaluate the association of the selected proteins with metastasis. RNA-sequencing was performed to analyze the molecular makeup of metastatic tumor cells. High frequency of metastases and decreased metastasis-free survival were detected in patients either with positive expression of KIF14 or Mieap or negative expression of EZR at the tips of the torpedo-like structures in breast cancers. KIF14- and Mieap-positive and EZR-negative cells were mainly detected in the torpedo-like structures of the same breast tumors; however, their transcriptomic features differed. KIF14-positive cells showed a significant upregulation of genes involved in ether lipid metabolism. Mieap-positive cells were enriched in genes involved in mitophagy. EZR-negative cells displayed upregulated genes associated with phagocytosis and the chemokine-mediated signaling pathway. In conclusion, the positive expression of KIF14 and Mieap and negative expression of EZR at the tips of the torpedo-like structures are associated with breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana S. Gerashchenko
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia; (T.S.G.); (S.Y.Z.); (A.M.K.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Sofia Y. Zolotaryova
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia; (T.S.G.); (S.Y.Z.); (A.M.K.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Artem M. Kiselev
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia; (T.S.G.); (S.Y.Z.); (A.M.K.); (N.M.N.)
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Liubov A. Tashireva
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia; (L.A.T.); (M.V.Z.); (V.M.P.)
| | - Nikita M. Novikov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia; (T.S.G.); (S.Y.Z.); (A.M.K.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Nadezhda V. Krakhmal
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Marina V. Zavyalova
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia; (L.A.T.); (M.V.Z.); (V.M.P.)
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Vladimir M. Perelmuter
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia; (L.A.T.); (M.V.Z.); (V.M.P.)
| | - Evgeny V. Denisov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia; (T.S.G.); (S.Y.Z.); (A.M.K.); (N.M.N.)
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30
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Kakurina GV, Kolegova ES, Shashova EE, Cheremisina OV, Choynzonov EL, Kondakova IV. Relationship between the mRNA Expression Levels of Calpains 1/2 and Proteins Involved in Cytoskeleton Remodeling. Acta Naturae 2020; 12:110-113. [PMID: 32477605 PMCID: PMC7245958 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.10947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Remodeling of the cytoskeleton underlies various cellular processes, including
those associated with metastasis. The role of the proteases and proteins
involved in cytoskeletal reorganization is being actively studied. However,
there are no published data on the relationship between the mRNA expression
levels of calpains 1/2 (CAPN 1/2) and the proteins associated with cytoskeleton
remodeling. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to establish the
relationship between the mRNA expression levels of CAPN 1/2 and the proteins
involved in cytoskeletal reorganization, such as cell motility markers (SNAI1,
VIM, and RND3) and actin-binding proteins (CFN1, PFN1, EZR, FSCN1, and CAP1)
using the model of laryngeal/laryngopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LC).
The gene expression level was determined by reverse transcriptase real-time PCR
and calculated using the 2-ΔΔCt method in paired tissue samples of 44
patients with LC (T1-4N0-2M0). The patients were divided into two groups: those
with low and those with high CAPN 1/2 expression levels. It was found that
metastasis in LC patients was associated with decreased expression levels of
VIM and CAP1, and increased levels of CAPN1. A high level of CAPN2 was
accompanied by a high expression level of EZR, indicating the activation of
invasion processes. The results obtained need to be confirmed in further
studies using a larger sample of patients and target genes. Our study is
important in elucidating the mechanisms that underlie cancer progression and
metastasis, a development that could subsequently open the way to a search for
new prognostic and predictive markers of laryngeal/laryngopharyngeal cancer
progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. V. Kakurina
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russia
| | - E. S. Kolegova
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russia
| | - E. E. Shashova
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russia
| | - O. V. Cheremisina
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russia
| | - E. L. Choynzonov
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russia
| | - I. V. Kondakova
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russia
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31
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Hoskin V, Ghaffari A, Elliott BE. Ezrin, more than a metastatic detERMinant? Oncotarget 2019; 10:6755-6757. [PMID: 31827718 PMCID: PMC6887573 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Hoskin
- Abdi Ghaffari, Victoria Hoskin and Bruce Elliott: Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Abdi Ghaffari
- Abdi Ghaffari, Victoria Hoskin and Bruce Elliott: Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Bruce E Elliott
- Abdi Ghaffari, Victoria Hoskin and Bruce Elliott: Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Sevoflurane promotes migration, invasion, and colony-forming ability of human glioblastoma cells possibly via increasing the expression of cell surface protein 44. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1424-1435. [PMID: 30967592 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical resection of primary solid tumor under anesthesia remains a common practice. It has been concerned whether general anesthetics, especially volatile anesthetics, may promote the growth, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. In this study, we examined the effects of sevoflurane on human glioblastoma cells and determined the role of cluster of differentiation (CD) 44, a cell surface protein involved in cell growth, migration, and invasion, in sevoflurane's effects. We showed that exposure to 1%-4% sevoflurane did not change the cell proliferation, but concentration-dependently increased the invasion of human glioblastoma U251 cells. Furthermore, 4% sevoflurane significantly increased the migration and colony-forming ability of U251 cells. Similar results were observed in human glioblastoma A172 cells. Exposure to sevoflurane concentration-dependently increased the activity of calpains, a group of cysteine proteinases, and CD44 protein in U251 and A172 cells. Knockdown of CD44 with siRNA abolished sevoflurane-induced increases in calpain activity, migration, invasion, and colony-forming ability of U251 cells. Inhalation of 4% sevoflurane significantly increased the tumor volume and invasion/migration distance of U87 cells from the tumor mass in the nude mice bearing human glioblastoma U87 xenograft in the brain. The aggravation by sevoflurane was attenuated by CD44 silencing. In conclusion, sevoflurane increases the migration, invasion, and colony-forming ability of human glioblastoma cells in vitro, and their tumor volume and invasion/migration in vivo. Sevoflurane enhances these cancer cell biology features via increasing the expression of CD44.
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Matos AM, Pinto FR, Barros P, Amaral MD, Pepperkok R, Matos P. Inhibition of calpain 1 restores plasma membrane stability to pharmacologically rescued Phe508del-CFTR variant. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13396-13410. [PMID: 31324722 PMCID: PMC6737230 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel normally expressed at the surface of epithelial cells. The most frequent mutation, resulting in Phe-508 deletion, causes CFTR misfolding and its premature degradation. Low temperature or pharmacological correctors can partly rescue the Phe508del-CFTR processing defect and enhance trafficking of this channel variant to the plasma membrane (PM). Nevertheless, the rescued channels have an increased endocytosis rate, being quickly removed from the PM by the peripheral protein quality-control pathway. We previously reported that rescued Phe508del-CFTR (rPhe508del) can be retained at the cell surface by stimulating signaling pathways that coax the adaptor molecule ezrin (EZR) to tether rPhe508del-Na+/H+-exchange regulatory factor-1 complexes to the actin cytoskeleton, thereby averting the rapid internalization of this channel variant. However, the molecular basis for why rPhe508del fails to recruit active EZR to the PM remains elusive. Here, using a proteomics approach, we characterized and compared the core components of wt-CFTR- or rPhe508del-containing macromolecular complexes at the surface of human bronchial epithelial cells. We identified calpain 1 (CAPN1) as an exclusive rPhe508del interactor that prevents active EZR recruitment, impairs rPhe508del anchoring to actin, and reduces its stability in the PM. We show that either CAPN1 down-regulation or its chemical inhibition dramatically improves the functional rescue of Phe508del-CFTR in airway cells. These observations suggest that CAPN1 constitutes an appealing target for pharmacological intervention, as part of CF combination therapies restoring Phe508del-CFTR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Matos
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francisco R Pinto
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Barros
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rainer Pepperkok
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit and Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paulo Matos
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Jiang T, Wei BJ, Zhang DX, Li L, Qiao GL, Yao XA, Chen ZW, Liu X, Du XY. Genome-wide analysis of differentially expressed lncRNA in sporadic parathyroid tumors. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:1511-1519. [PMID: 30972448 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-04959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma on histological examination is challenging. Thousands of differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified on the microarray data between parathyroid cancer and adenoma samples. Four lncRNAs were significantly dysregulated in further validation. The "lncRNA score" calculated from these lncRNAs differentiated parathyroid carcinomas from adenomas. LncRNAs serve as biomarkers for parathyroid cancer diagnosis. INTRODUCTION Diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma (PC) on histological examination is challenging. LncRNA profile study was conducted to find diagnostic biomarkers for PC. METHODS LncRNA arrays containing 91,007 lncRNAs as well as 29,857 mRNAs were used to assess parathyroid specimen (5 carcinomas and 6 adenomas). Bioinformatics analyses were also conducted to compare the microarray results between parathyroid carcinomas and adenomas (PAs). Differentially expressed lncRNAs of 11 PCs and 31 PAs were validated by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS On the microarray data between PC and PA samples (fold change ≥ 2, P < 0.05), 1809 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 1349 mRNAs also were identified. All carcinomas were clustered in the same group by clustering analysis using dysregulated lncRNAs or mRNAs. Four lncRNAs (LINC00959, lnc-FLT3-2:2, lnc-FEZF2-9:2, and lnc-RP11-1035H13.3.1-2:1) identified were significantly dysregulated in further RT-PCR validation. The global "lncRNA score" calculated from the lncRNAs above also differentiated parathyroid carcinomas from adenomas. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA profiling shows distinct differentially expressed lncRNAs in parathyroid neoplasm. They may play a key role in parathyroid cancer and serve as potential biomarkers to distinguish parathyroid cancers from parathyroid adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - B J Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - D X Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - L Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - G L Qiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - X A Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Z W Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - X Y Du
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
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Guo J, He K, Zeng H, Shi Y, Ye P, Zhou Q, Pan Z, Long X. Differential microRNA expression profiles determined by next-generation sequencing in three fulvestrant-resistant human breast cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3765-3776. [PMID: 30930984 PMCID: PMC6425361 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fulvestrant resistance is a major clinical issue in the treatment of endocrine-based breast cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to serve an important role in tumor chemoresistance. In the present study, the association between miRNA expression profiles and fulvestrant resistance was investigated in human breast cancer cell lines. Three fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer cell lines, namely MCF-7-CC, MCF-7-TT and MCF-7-21, were established using the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 as the parental cell line and fulvestrant as the screening drug in vitro. Next-generation sequencing was used to determine the miRNA expression profiles in these cell lines. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to determine the biological functions of differentially expressed miRNAs. In total, 1,536 miRNAs were detected in all the samples, including 1,240 known miRNAs and 296 predicted miRNAs. It was observed that the differential miRNA expression profiles varied among the three fulvestrant-resistant cell lines (MCF-7-CC, MCF-7-TT and MCF-7-21), and certain differentially expressed miRNAs were only detected in one or two of the cell lines. A total of 257 miRNAs that were differentially expressed between MCF-7-CC and MCF-7 cells were detected, among which 69 miRNAs were upregulated and 188 miRNAs were downregulated. In addition, 270 miRNAs with significantly different expression between MCF-7-TT and MCF-7 cells were observed, including 180 upregulated and 90 downregulated miRNAs. Between MCF-7-21 and MCF-7 cells, a total of 227 miRNAs were differentially expressed, among which 52 miRNAs were upregulated and 175 miRNAs were downregulated. The miRNAs that were differentially expressed in the three fulvestrant-resistant cell lines as compared with the parental MCF-7 cell line were primarily involved in the following biological processes: Biological regulation, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, the Notch signaling pathway and focal adhesion. Taken together, the results suggested that miR-143, miR-145, miR-137, miR-424 and miR-21 may serve important roles in fulvestrant resistance in breast cancer. The study findings may provide a basis for further research on the treatment of fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Keli He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhongya Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Ghaffari A, Hoskin V, Turashvili G, Varma S, Mewburn J, Mullins G, Greer PA, Kiefer F, Day AG, Madarnas Y, SenGupta S, Elliott BE. Intravital imaging reveals systemic ezrin inhibition impedes cancer cell migration and lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:12. [PMID: 30678714 PMCID: PMC6345049 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited understanding of the cancer biology of metastatic sites is a major factor contributing to poor outcomes in cancer patients. The regional lymph nodes are the most common site of metastasis in most solid cancers and their involvement is a strong predictor of relapse in breast cancer (BC). We have previously shown that ezrin, a cytoskeletal–membrane linker protein, is associated with lymphovascular invasion and promotes metastatic progression in BC. However, the efficacy of pharmacological inhibition of ezrin in blocking cancer cell migration and metastasis remains unexplored in BC. Methods We quantified ezrin expression in a BC tissue microarray (n = 347) to assess its correlation with risk of relapse. Next, we developed a quantitative intravital microscopy (qIVM) approach, using a syngeneic lymphatic reporter mouse tumor model, to investigate the effect of systemic ezrin inhibition on cancer cell migration and metastasis. Results We show that ezrin is expressed at significantly higher levels in lymph node metastases compared to matched primary tumors, and that a high tumor ezrin level is associated with increased risk of relapse in BC patients with regional disease. Using qIVM, we observe a subset of cancer cells that retain their invasive and migratory phenotype at the tumor-draining lymph node. We further show that systemic inhibition of ezrin, using a small molecule compound (NSC668394), impedes the migration of cancer cells in vivo. Furthermore, systemic ezrin inhibition leads to reductions in metastatic burden at the distal axillary lymph node and lungs. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that the tumor ezrin level act as an independent biomarker in predicting relapse and provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting of ezrin to reduce the metastatic capacity of cancer cells in high-risk BC patients with elevated ezrin expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1079-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdi Ghaffari
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. .,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Victoria Hoskin
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Gulisa Turashvili
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Sonal Varma
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Jeff Mewburn
- Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Graeme Mullins
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Peter A Greer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | - Andrew G Day
- Kingston General Hospital Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | | | - Sandip SenGupta
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Bruce E Elliott
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. .,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Chen J, Wu Y, Zhang L, Fang X, Hu X. Evidence for calpains in cancer metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8233-8240. [PMID: 30370545 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination represents the final stage of tumor progression as well as the principal cause of cancer-associated deaths. Calpains are a conserved family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteinases with ubiquitous or tissue-specific expression. Accumulating evidence indicates a central role for calpains in tumor migration and invasion via participating in several key processes, including focal adhesion dynamics, cytoskeletal remodeling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and apoptosis. Activated after the increased intracellular calcium concentration ( [ Ca 2 + ] i ) induced by membrane channels and extracellular or intracellular stimuli, calpains induce the limited cleavage or functional modulation of various substrates that serve as metastatic mediators. This review covers established literature to summarize the mechanisms and underlying signaling pathways of calpains in cancer metastasis, making calpains attractive targets for aggressive tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizheng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lumin Zhang
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Harun SNA, Israf DA, Tham CL, Lam KW, Cheema MS, Md Hashim NF. The Molecular Targets and Anti-Invasive Effects of 2,6-bis-(4-hydroxyl-3methoxybenzylidine) cyclohexanone or BHMC in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:E865. [PMID: 29642589 PMCID: PMC6017078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to metastasize, tumor cells need to migrate and invade the surrounding tissues. It is important to identify compound(s) capable of disrupting the metastasis of invasive cancer cells, especially for hindering invadopodia formation, so as to provide anti-metastasis targeted therapy. Invadopodia are thought to be specialized actin-rich protrusions formed by highly invasive cancer cells to degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM). A curcuminoid analogue known as 2,6-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidine)cyclohexanone or BHMC has shown good potential in inhibiting inflammation and hyperalgesia. It also possesses an anti-tumor effects on 4T1 murine breast cancer cells in vivo. However, there is still a lack of empirical evidence on how BHMC works in preventing human breast cancer invasion. In this study, we investigated the effect of BHMC on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and its underlying mechanism of action to prevent breast cancer invasion, especially during the formation of invadopodia. All MDA-MB-231 cells, which were exposed to the non-cytotoxic concentrations of BHMC, expressed the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), which indicate that the anti-proliferative effects of BHMC did not interfere in the subsequent experiments. By using a scratch migration assay, transwell migration and invasion assays, we determined that BHMC reduces the percentage of migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. The gelatin degradation assay showed that BHMC reduced the number of cells with invadopodia. Analysis of the proteins involved in the invasion showed that there is a significant reduction in the expressions of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7 (β-PIX), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in the presence of BHMC treatment at 12.5 µM. Therefore, it can be postulated that BHMC at 12.5 µM is the optimal concentration for preventing breast cancer invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nor Aini Harun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Daud Ahmad Israf
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kok Wai Lam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Manraj Singh Cheema
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nur Fariesha Md Hashim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Reggi E, Diviani D. The role of A-kinase anchoring proteins in cancer development. Cell Signal 2017; 40:143-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Bhatia A, Muthusamy S, Giridhar K, Goel S. Knockdown of PINCH-1 protein sensitizes the estrogen positive breast cancer cells to chemotherapy induced apoptosis. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 214:290-295. [PMID: 29079319 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION PINCH-1 is a ubiquitously expressed protein belonging to the focal adhesion protein group which has a role in cell survival, spreading, adhesion and migration. It has been implicated in pathogenesis of several cancers. In the present study we aimed to investigate the role of this protein in estrogen positive and negative breast cancer subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS PINCH-1 expression was studied in two estrogen positive(T47D and MCF-7) and one estrogen negative cell lines before and after treatment with six drugs (Cyclophosphamide, Celecoxib, Doxorubicin, Paclitaxel, Etoposide and Tamoxifen). Then the protein was knocked down using siRNA against PINCH-1 and change in percentage of apoptotic cells was analysed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We observed increased but differential expression of PINCH-1 in the three breast cancer cell lines with a higher expression in estrogen positive cell lines. Knocking down of PINCH-1 led to a significant (p-value<0.05) enhancement in apoptosis in T47D cells in response to 4/6 (cyclophosphamide, celecoxib, paclitaxel, doxorubicin) drugs. Though an increase in apoptosis was observed in MCF-7 cells also, it was not found to be significant.The MDA-MB-231 cells however, did not show significant apoptosis upon PINCH-1 knockdown. CONCLUSION The results suggest that PINCH-1 may be playing an important role in etiopathogenesis of both subtypes breast cancer. However, enhanced apoptosis observed only in estrogen positive and not in estrogen negative cells upon PINCH-1 knockdown point towards participation of some other protein with redundant functions in the later subtype which needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Sasikala Muthusamy
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kriti Giridhar
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sumit Goel
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Altaf E, Huang X, Xiong J, Yang X, Deng X, Xiong M, Zhou L, Pan S, Yuan W, Li X, Hao L, Tembo KM, Xiao R, Zhang Q. NHE1 has a notable role in metastasis and drug resistance of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4256-4262. [PMID: 28943936 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) represents a spectrum of hematological malignancies that affect human health. Metastasis and chemotherapeutic drug resistance are the primary causes of mortality in patients with T-ALL. Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1 (NHE1) is established to serve a role in metastasis and drug resistance in numerous types of cancer; however, the function of NHE1 in T-ALL remains to be elucidated. Previously, the C-C-motif chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) was identified to be involved in metastasis and drug resistance in the MOLT4 T-ALL cell line, as was the ezrin protein. The present study investigated the role of NHE1 in the metastasis of T-ALL using a Transwell assay and scanning electron microscopy, using MOLT4 cells as a model. The association between NHE1 and ezrin was assessed using laser scanning confocal microscopy. The effect of NHE1 on resistance to the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) was also investigated using a cell viability and cytotoxicity assay. Expression of NHE1 increased following treatment with CCL25, accompanied by morphological changes in MOLT4 cells and the co-localization of NHE1 with ezrin. In addition, wild-type MOLT4 cells exhibited an increased polarization ability compared with NHE1- or ezrin-silenced cells. NHE1- or ezrin-silenced cells exhibited higher sensitivity to DOX compared with wild-type MOLT4 cells. In conclusion, the increased expression or activity of NHE1 may potentially be a poor prognostic indicator for human T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehtisham Altaf
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxing Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyong Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology Engineering and Technology College, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, P.R. China
| | - Xinzhou Deng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Meng Xiong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Shan Pan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xinran Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Ling Hao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Kingsley Miyanda Tembo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Ruijing Xiao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Retrospective Proteomic Screening of 100 Breast Cancer Tissues. Proteomes 2017; 5:proteomes5030015. [PMID: 28686225 PMCID: PMC5620532 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes5030015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation has been conducted on one hundred tissue fragments of breast cancer, collected and immediately cryopreserved following the surgical resection. The specimens were selected from patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, the most frequent and potentially aggressive type of mammary cancer, with the objective to increase the knowledge of breast cancer molecular markers potentially useful for clinical applications. The proteomic screening; by 2D-IPG and mass spectrometry; allowed us to identify two main classes of protein clusters: proteins expressed ubiquitously at high levels in all patients; and proteins expressed sporadically among the same patients. Within the group of ubiquitous proteins, glycolytic enzymes and proteins with anti-apoptotic activity were predominant. Among the sporadic ones, proteins involved in cell motility, molecular chaperones and proteins involved in the detoxification appeared prevalent. The data of the present study indicates that the primary tumor growth is reasonably supported by concurrent events: the inhibition of apoptosis and stimulation of cellular proliferation, and the increased expression of glycolytic enzymes with multiple functions. The second phase of the evolution of the tumor can be prematurely scheduled by the occasional presence of proteins involved in cell motility and in the defenses of the oxidative stress. We suggest that this approach on large-scale 2D-IPG proteomics of breast cancer is currently a valid tool that offers the opportunity to evaluate on the same assay the presence and recurrence of individual proteins, their isoforms and short forms, to be proposed as prognostic indicators and susceptibility to metastasis in patients operated on for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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Renault-Mihara F, Mukaino M, Shinozaki M, Kumamaru H, Kawase S, Baudoux M, Ishibashi T, Kawabata S, Nishiyama Y, Sugai K, Yasutake K, Okada S, Nakamura M, Okano H. Regulation of RhoA by STAT3 coordinates glial scar formation. J Cell Biol 2017. [PMID: 28642362 PMCID: PMC5551705 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201610102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor STAT3 is known to control glial scar formation, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Renault-Mihara et al. show that inhibition of the small GTPase RhoA by STAT3 coordinates reactive astrocyte dynamics during glial scar formation. Understanding how the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription–3 (STAT3) controls glial scar formation may have important clinical implications. We show that astrocytic STAT3 is associated with greater amounts of secreted MMP2, a crucial protease in scar formation. Moreover, we report that STAT3 inhibits the small GTPase RhoA and thereby controls actomyosin tonus, adhesion turnover, and migration of reactive astrocytes, as well as corralling of leukocytes in vitro. The inhibition of RhoA by STAT3 involves ezrin, the phosphorylation of which is reduced in STAT3-CKO astrocytes. Reduction of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) levels in STAT3-CKO rescues reactive astrocytes dynamics in vitro. By specific targeting of lesion-proximal, reactive astrocytes in Nestin-Cre mice, we show that reduction of PTEN rescues glial scar formation in Nestin-Stat3+/− mice. These findings reveal novel intracellular signaling mechanisms underlying the contribution of reactive astrocyte dynamics to glial scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masahiko Mukaino
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munehisa Shinozaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kumamaru
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawase
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Matthieu Baudoux
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ishibashi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soya Kawabata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishiyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Yasutake
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Department of Advanced Medical Initiatives, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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44
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Xiang Y, Li F, Wang L, Zheng A, Zuo J, Li M, Wang Y, Xu Y, Chen C, Chen S, Xiao B, Tao Z. Decreased calpain 6 expression is associated with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis in HNSCC. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2237-2243. [PMID: 28454386 PMCID: PMC5403261 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpains are a family of intracellular cysteine proteases involved in various biological processes. Previously, the family was identified to have abnormal expression in several types of malignant tumor. Calpain 6 was less well known; however, it was recently identified to be involved in the carcinogenesis of certain types of malignant tumor. However, the expression of calpain 6 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. A total of six datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was analyzed and an association between calpain 6 expression levels and HNSCC was identified, with the expression of calpain 6 observed to be significantly decreased in HNSCC (P<0.01). However, the expression of calpain 6 may vary between distinct tumor stages of HNSCC. Furthermore, calpain 6 expression was positively associated with the survival rate in patients with HNSCC (P<0.05), with increased expression of calpain 6 associated with an improved survival outcome. Calpain 6 expression was analyzed using an HNSCC tissue microarray and these results were consistent with the statistical analysis of the bioinformatics data from the GEO, indicating that calpain 6 may be a tumor suppressor protein in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhou Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Anyuan Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zuo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yongping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shiming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Bokui Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zezhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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45
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Li CL, Yang D, Cao X, Wang F, Hong DY, Wang J, Shen XC, Chen Y. Fibronectin induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells via activation of calpain. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3889-3895. [PMID: 28521486 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) is a primary component of the mammary mesenchymal compartment and undergoes dramatic changes during breast cancer development. Increased FN expression is associated with an invasive and metastatic breast cancer phenotype. The present study demonstrated that FN causes an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like morphological change in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. FN stimulation caused the downregulation of epithelial markers E-cadherin and tight junction protein ZO-1, and the upregulation of mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin. Additionally, FN promoted cell migration and invasion in MCF-7 cells, with increased expression of calpain-2 and proteolysis of focal adhesion kinase 1 (FAK), indicating calpain activation. Notably, the FN induced changes in morphology and EMT markers were reversed with the treatment of calpain-specific inhibitors, calpain inhibitor I (N-acetyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-norleucinal), calpeptin and calpain inhibitor IV. Meanwhile, the effects of FN on cell migration and invasion, as well as FAK proteolysis were markedly suppressed by calpain inhibitors. Taken together, the results of the present study indicate that calpain plays an essential role in FN-induced EMT response, and that targeting calpain signaling may be a potential strategy to reduce breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for The Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for The Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Xin Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for The Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for The Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Duan-Yang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
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46
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Goicoechea SM, Zinn A, Awadia SS, Snyder K, Garcia-Mata R. A RhoG-mediated signaling pathway that modulates invadopodia dynamics in breast cancer cells. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:1064-1077. [PMID: 28202690 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.195552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer is the ability of tumor cells to invade surrounding tissues and metastasize. During metastasis, cancer cells degrade the extracellular matrix, which acts as a physical barrier, by developing specialized actin-rich membrane protrusion structures called invadopodia. The formation of invadopodia is regulated by Rho GTPases, a family of proteins that regulates the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we describe a novel role for RhoG in the regulation of invadopodia disassembly in human breast cancer cells. Our results show that RhoG and Rac1 have independent and opposite roles in the regulation of invadopodia dynamics. We also show that SGEF (also known as ARHGEF26) is the exchange factor responsible for the activation of RhoG during invadopodia disassembly. When the expression of either RhoG or SGEF is silenced, invadopodia are more stable and have a longer lifetime than in control cells. Our findings also demonstrate that RhoG and SGEF modulate the phosphorylation of paxillin, which plays a key role during invadopodia disassembly. In summary, we have identified a novel signaling pathway involving SGEF, RhoG and paxillin phosphorylation, which functions in the regulation of invadopodia disassembly in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M Goicoechea
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Ashtyn Zinn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Sahezeel S Awadia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Kyle Snyder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Rafael Garcia-Mata
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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Zhong GX, Feng SD, Shen R, Wu ZY, Chen F, Zhu X. The clinical significance of the Ezrin gene and circulating tumor cells in osteosarcoma. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:527-533. [PMID: 28223819 PMCID: PMC5308564 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s125589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of an osteosarcoma and the Ezrin gene expressed in CTCs. Patients and methods CTC enrichment was done with CanPatrol™ CTC enrichment technique in 41 patients with osteosarcoma. The characterization of CTCs was performed using a multiple messenger RNA in situ analysis (MRIA). The expression of the Ezrin gene in CTCs was detected by RNA probe technology. The correlations of CTC counts, cell type and the expression level of the Ezrin gene with clinical stage and metastasis of osteosarcoma were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software. Results The CTC counts correlated significantly with Enneking stage (P<0.001). The ratio of mesenchymal CTCs correlated with the distant metastases (P<0.001). Ezrin gene expression in CTCs correlated significantly with distant metastases (χ2=152.51, P=0.000). Conclusion The ratio of mesenchymal CTCs in the peripheral blood of osteosarcoma correlates with distant metastases. High expression of Ezrin gene in CTCs correlates with distant metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shao-Dan Feng
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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48
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Ono Y, Saido TC, Sorimachi H. Calpain research for drug discovery: challenges and potential. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2016; 15:854-876. [PMID: 27833121 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calpains are a family of proteases that were scientifically recognized earlier than proteasomes and caspases, but remain enigmatic. However, they are known to participate in a multitude of physiological and pathological processes, performing 'limited proteolysis' whereby they do not destroy but rather modulate the functions of their substrates. Calpains are therefore referred to as 'modulator proteases'. Multidisciplinary research on calpains has begun to elucidate their involvement in pathophysiological mechanisms. Therapeutic strategies targeting malfunctions of calpains have been developed, driven primarily by improvements in the specificity and bioavailability of calpain inhibitors. Here, we review the calpain superfamily and calpain-related disorders, and discuss emerging calpain-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Ono
- Calpain Project, Department of Advanced Science for Biomolecules, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science (IGAKUKEN), 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sorimachi
- Calpain Project, Department of Advanced Science for Biomolecules, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science (IGAKUKEN), 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
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49
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Calpain Genetic Disruption and HSP90 Inhibition Combine To Attenuate Mammary Tumorigenesis. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:2078-88. [PMID: 27215381 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01062-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpain is an intracellular Ca(2+)-regulated protease system whose substrates include proteins involved in proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and sensitivity to therapeutic drugs. Genetic disruption of calpain attenuated the tumorigenic potential of breast cancer cells and hypersensitized cells to 17AAG, an inhibitor of the molecular chaperone HSP90. Calpain-1 or -2 overexpression rendered cells resistant to 17AAG, whereas downregulation or inhibition of calpain-1/2 led to increased cell death in multiple breast cancer cell lines, including models of HER2(+) (SKBR3) and triple-negative basal-cell-like (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer. In an MDA-MB-231 orthotopic xenograft model, calpain knockdown or 17AAG treatment independently attenuated tumor growth and metastasis, while the combination was most effective. Calpain knockdown was associated with increased 17AAG-induced degradation of the HSP90 clients cyclin D1 and AKT and multidrug resistance protein 2, which correlated with increased expression of antimitogenic p27(KIP1) and proapoptotic BIM proteins. Like other therapeutics, 17AAG can be effluxed by specific ABC transporters. Calpain expression positively correlated with the expression of P glycoprotein in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Importantly, we show that calpain affects ABC transporter function and efflux of clinically relevant doxorubicin. These observations provide a compelling rationale for exploring the combination of calpain inhibition with new or existing cancer therapeutics.
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50
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Ijuin T, Takeuchi Y, Shimono Y, Fukumoto M, Tokuda E, Takenawa T. Regulation of CD44 expression and focal adhesion by Golgi phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate in breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:981-90. [PMID: 27178239 PMCID: PMC4946718 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44, a transmembrane receptor, is expressed in the standard or variant form and plays a critical role in tumor progression and metastasis. This protein regulates cell adhesion and migration in breast cancer cells. We previously reported that phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P) at the Golgi regulates cell migration and invasion in breast cancer cell lines. In this study, we showed that an increase in PI(4)P levels at the Golgi by knockdown of PI(4)P phosphatase SAC1 increased the expression of standard CD44, variant CD44, and ezrin/radixin phosphorylation and enhanced the formation of focal adhesions mediated by CD44 and ezrin/radixin in MCF7 and SK-BR-3 cells. In contrast, knockdown of PI 4-kinase IIIβ in highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells decreased these factors. These results suggest that SAC1 expression and PI(4)P at the Golgi are important in tumor progression and metastasis and are potential prognostic markers of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ijuin
- Division of Biochemistry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yukiko Takeuchi
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miki Fukumoto
- Division of Membrane Biology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Emi Tokuda
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Takenawa
- Division of Membrane Biology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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