1
|
McParland ED, Butcher TA, Gurley NJ, Johnson RI, Slep KC, Peifer M. The Dilute domain in Canoe is not essential for linking cell junctions to the cytoskeleton but supports morphogenesis robustness. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261734. [PMID: 38323935 PMCID: PMC11006394 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Robust linkage between adherens junctions and the actomyosin cytoskeleton allows cells to change shape and move during morphogenesis without tearing tissues apart. The Drosophila multidomain protein Canoe and its mammalian homolog afadin are crucial for this, as in their absence many events of morphogenesis fail. To define the mechanism of action for Canoe, we are taking it apart. Canoe has five folded protein domains and a long intrinsically disordered region. The largest is the Dilute domain, which is shared by Canoe and myosin V. To define the roles of this domain in Canoe, we combined biochemical, genetic and cell biological assays. AlphaFold was used to predict its structure, providing similarities and contrasts with Myosin V. Biochemical data suggested one potential shared function - the ability to dimerize. We generated Canoe mutants with the Dilute domain deleted (CnoΔDIL). Surprisingly, they were viable and fertile. CnoΔDIL localized to adherens junctions and was enriched at junctions under tension. However, when its dose was reduced, CnoΔDIL did not provide fully wild-type function. Furthermore, canoeΔDIL mutants had defects in the orchestrated cell rearrangements of eye development. This reveals the robustness of junction-cytoskeletal connections during morphogenesis and highlights the power of natural selection to maintain protein structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily D. McParland
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - T. Amber Butcher
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Noah J. Gurley
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Ruth I. Johnson
- Biology Department, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Kevin C. Slep
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Mark Peifer
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McParland ED, Amber Butcher T, Gurley NJ, Johnson RI, Slep KC, Peifer M. The Dilute domain of Canoe is not essential for Canoe's role in linking adherens junctions to the cytoskeleton but contributes to robustness of morphogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.562854. [PMID: 37905001 PMCID: PMC10614895 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.562854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Robust linkage between cell-cell adherens junctions and the actomyosin cytoskeleton allows cells to change shape and move during morphogenesis without tearing tissues apart. The multidomain protein Drosophila Canoe and its mammalian homolog Afadin are critical for this linkage, and in their absence many events of morphogenesis fail. To define underlying mechanisms, we are taking Canoe apart, using Drosophila as our model. Canoe and Afadin share five folded protein domains, followed by a large intrinsically disordered region. The largest of these folded domains is the Dilute domain, which is found in Canoe/Afadin, their paralogs, and members of the MyosinV family. To define the roles of Canoe's Dilute domain we have combined biochemical, genetic and cell biological assays. Use of the AlphaFold tools revealed the predicted structure of the Canoe/Afadin Dilute domain, providing similarities and contrasts with that of MyosinV. Our biochemical data suggest one potential shared function: the ability to dimerize. We next generated Drosophila mutants with the Dilute domain cleanly deleted. Surprisingly, these mutants are viable and fertile, and CanoeΔDIL protein localizes to adherens junctions and is enriched at junctions under tension. However, when we reduce the dose of CanoeΔDIL protein in a sensitized assay, it becomes clear it does not provide full wildtype function. Further, canoeΔDIL mutants have defects in pupal eye development, another process that requires orchestrated cell rearrangements. Together, these data reveal the robustness in AJ-cytoskeletal connections during multiple embryonic and postembryonic events, and the power of natural selection to maintain protein structure even in robust systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily D. McParland
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - T. Amber Butcher
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Noah J. Gurley
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | | | - Kevin C. Slep
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Mark Peifer
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hiremath C, Gao L, Geshow K, Patterson Q, Barlow H, Cleaver O, Marciano DK. Rap1 regulates lumen continuity via Afadin in renal epithelia. Dev Biol 2023; 501:20-27. [PMID: 37276970 PMCID: PMC10460627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The continuity of a lumen within an epithelial tubule is critical for its function. We previously found that the F-actin binding protein Afadin is required for timely lumen formation and continuity in renal tubules formed from the nephrogenic mesenchyme in mice. Afadin is a known effector and interactor of the small GTPase Rap1, and in the current study, we examine the role of Rap1 in nephron tubulogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that Rap1 is required for nascent lumen formation and continuity in cultured 3D epithelial spheroids and in vivo in murine renal epithelial tubules derived from the nephrogenic mesenchyme, where its absence ultimately leads to severe morphogenetic defects in the tubules. By contrast, Rap1 is not required for lumen continuity or morphogenesis in renal tubules derived from the ureteric epithelium, which differ in that they form by extension from a pre-existing tubule. We further demonstrate that Rap1 is required for correct localization of Afadin to adherens junctions both in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results suggest a model in which Rap1 localizes Afadin to junctional complexes, which in turn regulates nascent lumen formation and positioning to ensure continuous tubulogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chitkale Hiremath
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Kenya Geshow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Quinten Patterson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Haley Barlow
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Denise K Marciano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nakamura M, Parkhurst SM. Wound repair: Two distinct Rap1 pathways close the gap. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R724-R726. [PMID: 37433275 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Groups of cells often coordinate their movements during normal development, cancer invasion, and wound repair. These coordinated migrations require dynamic cytoskeleton and cell-junction remodeling. Two distinct Rap1 pathways are required to regulate this dynamic remodeling for rapid wound closure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Susan M Parkhurst
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schmidt A, Finegan T, Häring M, Kong D, Fletcher AG, Alam Z, Grosshans J, Wolf F, Peifer M. Polychaetoid/ZO-1 strengthens cell junctions under tension while localizing differently than core adherens junction proteins. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar81. [PMID: 37163320 PMCID: PMC10398881 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-03-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
During embryonic development, dramatic cell shape changes and movements reshape the embryonic body plan. These require robust but dynamic linkage between the cell-cell adherens junctions and the force-generating actomyosin cytoskeleton. Our view of this linkage has evolved, and we now realize linkage is mediated by mechanosensitive multiprotein complexes assembled via multivalent connections. Here we combine genetic, cell biological, and modeling approaches to define the mechanism of action and functions of an important player, Drosophila polychaetoid, homologue of mammalian ZO-1. Our data reveal that Pyd reinforces cell junctions under elevated tension, and facilitates cell rearrangements. Pyd is important to maintain junctional contractility and in its absence cell rearrangements stall. We next use structured illumination microscopy to define the molecular architecture of cell-cell junctions during these events. The cadherin-catenin complex and Cno both localize to puncta along the junctional membrane, but are differentially enriched in different puncta. Pyd, in contrast, exhibits a distinct localization to strands that extend out from the region occupied by core junction proteins. We then discuss the implications for the protein network at the junction-cytoskeletal interface, suggesting different proteins localize and function in distinct ways, perhaps in distinct subcomplexes, but combine to produce robust connections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Schmidt
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280
| | - Tara Finegan
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0211
| | - Matthias Häring
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks, Georg August University, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Dynamics of Complex Systems, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Deqing Kong
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander G Fletcher
- School of Mathematics and Statistics and Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Zuhayr Alam
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280
| | - Jörg Grosshans
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Fred Wolf
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks, Georg August University, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Dynamics of Complex Systems, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mark Peifer
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rothenberg KE, Chen Y, McDonald JA, Fernandez-Gonzalez R. Rap1 coordinates cell-cell adhesion and cytoskeletal reorganization to drive collective cell migration in vivo. Curr Biol 2023:S0960-9822(23)00603-6. [PMID: 37244252 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Collective cell movements contribute to tissue development and repair and spread metastatic disease. In epithelia, cohesive cell movements require reorganization of adherens junctions and the actomyosin cytoskeleton. However, the mechanisms that coordinate cell-cell adhesion and cytoskeletal remodeling during collective cell migration in vivo are unclear. We investigated the mechanisms of collective cell migration during epidermal wound healing in Drosophila embryos. Upon wounding, the cells adjacent to the wound internalize cell-cell adhesion molecules and polarize actin and the motor protein non-muscle myosin II to form a supracellular cable around the wound that coordinates cell movements. The cable anchors at former tricellular junctions (TCJs) along the wound edge, and TCJs are reinforced during wound closure. We found that the small GTPase Rap1 was necessary and sufficient for rapid wound repair. Rap1 promoted myosin polarization to the wound edge and E-cadherin accumulation at TCJs. Using embryos expressing a mutant form of the Rap1 effector Canoe/Afadin that cannot bind Rap1, we found that Rap1 signals through Canoe for adherens junction remodeling, but not for actomyosin cable assembly. Instead, Rap1 was necessary and sufficient for RhoA/Rho1 activation at the wound edge. The RhoGEF Ephexin localized to the wound edge in a Rap1-dependent manner, and Ephexin was necessary for myosin polarization and rapid wound repair, but not for E-cadherin redistribution. Together, our data show that Rap1 coordinates the molecular rearrangements that drive embryonic wound healing, promoting actomyosin cable assembly through Ephexin-Rho1, and E-cadherin redistribution through Canoe, thus enabling rapid collective cell migration in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katheryn E Rothenberg
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Yujun Chen
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | | | - Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalez
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada; Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schmidt A, Finegan T, Häring M, Kong D, Fletcher AG, Alam Z, Grosshans J, Wolf F, Peifer M. Polychaetoid/ZO-1 strengthens cell junctions under tension while localizing differently than core adherens junction proteins. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.01.530634. [PMID: 36909597 PMCID: PMC10002719 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.01.530634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
During embryonic development dramatic cell shape changes and movements re-shape the embryonic body plan. These require robust but dynamic linkage between the cell-cell adherens junctions and the force-generating actomyosin cytoskeleton. Our view of this linkage has evolved, and we now realize linkage is mediated by a mechanosensitive multiprotein complex assembled via multivalent connections. Here we combine genetic, cell biological and modeling approaches to define the mechanism of action and functions of an important player, Drosophila Polychaetoid, homolog of mammalian ZO-1. Our data reveal that Pyd reinforces cell junctions under elevated tension, and facilitates cell rearrangements. Pyd is important to maintain junctional contractility and in its absence cell rearrangements stall. We next use structured illumination microscopy to define the molecular architecture of cell-cell junctions during these events. The cadherin-catenin complex and Cno both localize to puncta along the junctional membrane, but are differentially enriched in different puncta. Pyd, in contrast, exhibits a distinct localization to strands that extend out from the region occupied by core junction proteins. We then discuss the implications for the protein network at the junction-cytoskeletal interface, suggesting different proteins localize and function in distinct ways but combine to produce robust connections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Schmidt
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Tara Finegan
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA 14627-0211
| | - Matthias Häring
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks, Georg August University, Hermann Rein Str. 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Faßberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Hermann Rein St. 3, 37075 Göttingen, German
- Institute for Dynamics of Complex Systems, Georg August University, Friedrich Hund Pl. 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Deqing Kong
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander G Fletcher
- School of Mathematics and Statistics & Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Zuhayr Alam
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Jörg Grosshans
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Fred Wolf
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks, Georg August University, Hermann Rein Str. 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Faßberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Hermann Rein St. 3, 37075 Göttingen, German
- Institute for Dynamics of Complex Systems, Georg August University, Friedrich Hund Pl. 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mark Peifer
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Autophagy Is Required to Sustain Increased Intestinal Cell Proliferation during Phenotypic Plasticity Changes in Honey Bee ( Apis mellifera). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031926. [PMID: 36768248 PMCID: PMC9916008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue phenotypic plasticity facilitates rapid adaptation of organisms to biotic and/or abiotic pressure. The reproductive capacity of honey bee workers (Apis mellifera) is plastic and responsive to pheromones produced by broods and the queen. Egg laying workers (ELWs), which could reactivate their ovaries and lay haploid eggs upon queen lost, have been commonly discussed from many aspects. However, it remains unclear whether midgut homeostasis in ELWs is affected during plastic changes. Here, we found that the expression of nutrition- and autophagy-related genes was up-regulated in the midguts of ELWs, compared with that in nurse workers (NWs) by RNA-sequencing. Furthermore, the area and number of autophagosomes were increased, along with significantly increased cell death in the midguts of ELWs. Moreover, cell cycle progression in the midguts of ELWs was increased compared with that in NWs. Consistent with the up-regulation of nutrition-related genes, the body and midgut sizes, and the number of intestinal proliferation cells of larvae reared with royal jelly (RJ) obviously increased more than those reared without RJ in vitro. Finally, cell proliferation was dramatically suppressed in the midguts of ELWs when autophagy was inhibited. Altogether, our data suggested that autophagy was induced and required to sustain cell proliferation in ELWs' midguts, thereby revealing the critical role of autophagy played in the intestines during phenotypic plasticity changes.
Collapse
|