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Pathmasiri W, Rushing BR, McRitchie S, Choudhari M, Du X, Smirnov A, Pelleigrini M, Thompson MJ, Sakaguchi CA, Nieman DC, Sumner SJ. Untargeted metabolomics reveal signatures of a healthy lifestyle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13630. [PMID: 38871777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated differences in the plasma metabolome in two groups of adults that were of similar age but varied markedly in body composition and dietary and physical activity patterns. Study participants included 52 adults in the lifestyle group (LIFE) (28 males, 24 females) and 52 in the control group (CON) (27 males, 25 females). The results using an extensive untargeted ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolomics analysis with 10,535 metabolite peaks identified 486 important metabolites (variable influence on projections scores of VIP ≥ 1) and 16 significantly enriched metabolic pathways that differentiated LIFE and CON groups. A novel metabolite signature of positive lifestyle habits emerged from this analysis highlighted by lower plasma levels of numerous bile acids, an amino acid profile characterized by higher histidine and lower glutamic acid, glutamine, β-alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and proline, an elevated vitamin D status, higher levels of beneficial fatty acids and gut microbiome catabolism metabolites from plant substrates, and reduced levels of N-glycan degradation metabolites and environmental contaminants. This study established that the plasma metabolome is strongly associated with body composition and lifestyle habits. The robust lifestyle metabolite signature identified in this study is consistent with an improved life expectancy and a reduced risk for chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wimal Pathmasiri
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Blake R Rushing
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Susan McRitchie
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Mansi Choudhari
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Xiuxia Du
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Alexsandr Smirnov
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Matteo Pelleigrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Thompson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Camila A Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - David C Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
| | - Susan J Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
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Hu Y, He D, Yu B, Chen D. Effects of Different Types of Dietary Fibers on Lipid Metabolism and Bile Acids in Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3266. [PMID: 37893990 PMCID: PMC10603699 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fiber on the serum biochemistry, bile acid profile, and gut microbiota in piglets. Twenty-four pigs (initial body weight: 10.53 ± 1.23 kg) were randomly divided into three treatments with eight replicate pens of one pig per pen for 21 d. The dietary treatments consisted of the following: (1) a fiber-free diet (NS); (2) a fiber-free diet + 3% fructooligosaccharides (SI); (3) a fiber-free diet + 3% dietary fiber mixture (fructooligosaccharides, long-chain inulin, and microcrystalline cellulose at the ratio 1:1:1; MIX). The results showed that compared with the NS group, the 3% SI diet reduced the serum total cholesterol (TC) concentration of the piglets (p < 0.05). The metabolomics results showed that the 3% SI diet increased the level of taurohyocholic acid (THCA) and α-muricholic acid, and the 3% MIX diet increased the level of THCA and cholic acid (p < 0.05). The use of 3% SI or MIX decreased the glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) level in the bile of the piglets (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis shows that the GDCA was positively related to the TC. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that UCG-002 and Holdemanella were enriched in the SI group, while Bacteroides was enriched in the MIX group. The microbial function prediction indicated that SI supplementation tended to elevate the relative abundance of gut bacteria capable of expressing bile acid-metabolizing enzymes. To sum up, the regulatory effect of dietary fiber on lipid metabolism is related to bile acids in piglets. Compared with MIX, SI is more likely to regulate bile acids through the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (Y.H.)
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (Y.H.)
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O'Connor LE, Hall KD, Herrick KA, Reedy J, Chung ST, Stagliano M, Courville AB, Sinha R, Freedman ND, Hong HG, Albert PS, Loftfield E. Metabolomic Profiling of an Ultraprocessed Dietary Pattern in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial. J Nutr 2023; 153:2181-2192. [PMID: 37276937 PMCID: PMC10447619 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objective markers of ultraprocessed foods (UPF) may improve the assessment of UPF intake and provide insight into how UPF influences health. OBJECTIVES To identify metabolites that differed between dietary patterns (DPs) high in or void of UPF according to Nova classification. METHODS In a randomized, crossover, controlled-feeding trial (clinicaltrials.govNCT03407053), 20 domiciled healthy participants (mean ± standard deviation: age 31 ± 7 y, body mass index [kg/m2] 22 ± 11.6) consumed ad libitum a UPF-DP (80% UPF) and an unprocessed DP (UN-DP; 0% UPF) for 2 wk each. Metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plasma, collected at week 2 and 24-h, and spot urine, collected at weeks 1 and 2, of each DP. Linear mixed models, adjusted for energy intake, were used to identify metabolites that differed between DPs. RESULTS After multiple comparisons correction, 257 out of 993 plasma and 606 out of 1279 24-h urine metabolites differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP. Overall, 21 known and 9 unknown metabolites differed between DPs across all time points and biospecimen types. Six metabolites were higher (4-hydroxy-L-glutamic acid, N-acetylaminooctanoic acid, 2-methoxyhydroquinone sulfate, 4-ethylphenylsulfate, 4-vinylphenol sulfate, and acesulfame) and 14 were lower following the UPF-DP; pimelic acid, was lower in plasma but higher in urine following the UPF-DP. CONCLUSIONS Consuming a DP high in, compared with 1 void of, UPF has a measurable impact on the short-term human metabolome. Observed differential metabolites could serve as candidate biomarkers of UPF intake or metabolic response in larger samples with varying UPF-DPs. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03407053 and NCT03878108.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E O'Connor
- Food Components and Health Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Risk Factor Assessment Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin D Hall
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kirsten A Herrick
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Risk Factor Assessment Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jill Reedy
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Risk Factor Assessment Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie T Chung
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Stagliano
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amber B Courville
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hyokyoung G Hong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul S Albert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Byrd DA, Gomez M, Hogue S, Murphy G, Sampson JN, Vogtmann E, Albert P, Freedman ND, Sinha R, Loftfield E. Circulating Bile Acids and Adenoma Recurrence in the Context of Adherence to a High-Fiber, High-Fruit and Vegetable, and Low-Fat Dietary Intervention. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2022; 13:e00533. [PMID: 36113023 PMCID: PMC9624497 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diet may affect bile acid (BA) metabolism and signaling. In turn, BA concentrations may be associated with cancer risk. We investigated (i) associations of BA concentrations with adenoma recurrence and (ii) the effect of a high-fiber, high-fruit and vegetable, and low-fat dietary intervention on serum BA concentrations. METHODS The Polyp Prevention Trial is a 4-year randomized, controlled trial that investigated the effect of a high-fiber, high-fruit and vegetable, and low-fat diet on colorectal adenoma recurrence. Among 170 participants who reported adhering to the intervention and 198 comparable control arm participants, we measured 15 BAs in baseline, year 2, and year 3 serum using targeted, quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We estimated associations of BAs with adenoma recurrence using multivariable logistic regression and the effect of the dietary intervention on BA concentrations using repeated-measures linear mixed-effects models. In a subset (N = 65), we investigated associations of BAs with 16S rRNA gene sequenced rectal tissue microbiome characteristics. RESULTS Baseline total BA concentrations were positively associated with adenoma recurrence (odds ratio Q3 vs Q1 = 2.17; 95% confidence interval = 1.19-4.04; Ptrend = 0.03). Although we found no effect of the dietary intervention on BA concentrations, pretrial dietary fiber intake was inversely associated with total baseline BAs (Spearman = -0.15; PFDR = 0.02). BA concentrations were associated with potential colorectal neoplasm-related microbiome features (lower alpha diversity and higher Bacteroides abundance). DISCUSSION Baseline circulating BAs were positively associated with adenoma recurrence. Although the dietary intervention did not modify BA concentrations, long-term fiber intake may be associated with lower concentrations of BAs that are associated with higher risk of adenoma recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doratha A. Byrd
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Maria Gomez
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Stephanie Hogue
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Gwen Murphy
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Group (CSPRG), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua N. Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily Vogtmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul Albert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Wang C, Wang Y, Yang H, Tian Z, Zhu M, Sha X, Ran J, Li L. Uygur type 2 diabetes patient fecal microbiota transplantation disrupts blood glucose and bile acid levels by changing the ability of the intestinal flora to metabolize bile acids in C57BL/6 mice. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:236. [PMID: 36151544 PMCID: PMC9503279 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our epidemiological study showed that the intestinal flora of Uygur T2DM patients differed from that of normal glucose-tolerant people. However, whether the Uygur T2DM fecal microbiota transplantation could reproduce the glucose metabolism disorder and the mechanism behind has not been reported. This study was designed to explore whether Uygur T2DM fecal microbiota transplantation could reproduce the glucose metabolism disorder and its mechanism. METHODS The normal diet and high fat diet group consisted of C57BL/6 mice orally administered 0.2 mL sterile normal saline. For the MT (microbiota transplantation) intervention groups, C57BL/6 mice received oral 0.2 mL faecal microorganisms from Uygur T2DM. All mice were treated daily for 8 weeks and Blood glucose levels of mice were detected. Mice faecal DNA samples were sequenced and quantified using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Then we detected the ability of the intestinal flora to metabolize bile acids (BAs) through co-culture of fecal bacteria and BAs. BA levels in plasma were determined by UPLC-MS. Further BA receptors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) expression levels were determined with RT-q PCR and western blotting. RESULTS MT impaired insulin and oral glucose tolerance. Deoxycholic acid increased and tauro-β-muricholic acid and the non-12-OH BA:12-OH BA ratio decreased in plasma. MT improved the ability of intestinal flora to produce deoxycholic acid. Besides, the vitamin D receptor in the liver and ileum and GLP-1 in the ileum decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS Uygur T2DM fecal microbiota transplantation disrupts glucose metabolism by changing the ability of intestinal flora to metabolize BAs and the BAs/GLP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyue Wang
- Pharmacological Department, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Pharmacological Department, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Pharmacological Department, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zirun Tian
- Pharmacological Department, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Manli Zhu
- Pharmacological Department, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoting Sha
- Pharmacological Department, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ju Ran
- Pharmacological Department, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Pharmacological Department, Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Xinjiang Natural Medicine and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
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Restoration of cefixime-induced gut microbiota changes by a prebiotic blend in a mouse model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:5197-5209. [PMID: 35779098 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have provided compelling evidence linking the composition of the gut microbiota, host diet, and host physiology. Prebiotics are substrates that are selectively utilized by host microorganisms, conferring health benefits. Prebiotics, such as prebiotic blends (PB), are commonly used worldwide in food processing. Here, microbiome-metabolomics was used to evaluate how PB affect gut microbes and metabolic functions in C57BL/6 J mice administered cefixime. We found favorable effects of PB on obesity outcomes. PB supplementation significantly increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Parabacteroides, Alloprevotella, Alistipes, and Dubosiella, and decreased that of Robinsoniella, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, Coprobacillus, Hungatella, Erysipelatoclostridium, Helicobacter, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Enterococcus, and Akkermansia compared to that in the cefixime administration (CEF) group. In particular, PB increased the abundance of Parabacteroides goldsteinii and suppressed that of Robinsoniella peoriensis and Akkermansia muciniphila. In addition, it regulated the levels of microbial metabolites such as unsaturated fatty acids and bile acids. Thus, PB can alleviate metabolic disorders induced by antibiotic intervention, indicating a potential dietary strategy for populations with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. KEY POINTS: • Prebiotic blends significantly increased the Parabacteroides goldsteinii colony. • Prebiotic blends selectivity reversed this increase of Akkermansia muciniphila by antibiotic intervention. • Prebiotic blends relieve cefixime-induced alteration of intestinal flora by regulating metabolites, such as fatty acids and bile acids.
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Farhat Z, Freedman ND, Sampson JN, Falk RT, Koshiol J, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Sinha R, Loftfield E. A prospective investigation of serum bile acids with risk of liver cancer, fatal liver disease, and biliary tract cancer. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:2391-2399. [PMID: 35678016 PMCID: PMC9426378 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs), major regulators of the gut microbiota, may play an important role in hepatobiliary cancer etiology. However, few epidemiologic studies have comprehensively examined associations between BAs and liver or biliary tract cancer. In the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) study, we designed 1:1 matched, nested, case-control studies of primary liver cancer (n = 201 cases), fatal liver disease (n = 261 cases), and primary biliary tract cancer (n = 138 cases). Using baseline serum collected ≤30 years before diagnosis or death, we measured concentrations of 15 BAs with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multivariable conditional logistic regression models, adjusted for age, education, diabetes status, smoking, alcohol intake, and body mass index. We accounted for multiple comparisons using a false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Comparing the highest to the lowest quartile, seven BAs were positively associated with liver cancer risk, including taurocholic acid (TCA) (OR, 5.62; 95% CI, 2.74-11.52; Q trend < 0.0001), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) (OR, 4.77; 95% CI, 2.26-10.08; Q trend < 0.0001), and glycocholic acid (GCA) OR, 5.30; 95% CI, 2.41-11.66; Q trend < 0.0001), and 11 were positively associated with fatal liver disease risk, including TCDCA (OR, 9.65; 95% CI, 4.41-21.14; Q trend < 0.0001), TCA (OR, 7.45; 95% CI, 3.70-14.97; Q trend < 0.0001), and GCA (OR, 6.98; 95% CI, 3.32-14.68; Q trend < 0.0001). For biliary tract cancer, associations were generally >1 but not significant after FDR correction. Conjugated BAs were strongly associated with increased risk of liver cancer and fatal liver disease, suggesting mechanistic links between BA metabolism and liver cancer or death from liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Farhat
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Joshua N. Sampson
- Biostatistics BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Roni T. Falk
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Jill Koshiol
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Stephanie J. Weinstein
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Metabolic Epidemiology BranchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
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Lin Z, Ma X. Dietary nutrients mediate crosstalk between bile acids and gut microbes in animal host metabolism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9315-9329. [PMID: 35507502 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2067118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized by liver, then gut microbes embellish primary BAs into secondary BAs with diverse and biological functions. Over the past few decades, amounts of evidences demonstrated the importance of gut microbes in BA metabolism. There is also significant evidence that BAs are regarded as cell signals in gut-liver, gut-brain, and gut-testis axis. Moreover, the interaction between BAs and gut microbes plays a key role not only in the absorption and metabolism of nutrients, but the regulation of immune function. Herein, we collected the major information of the BA metabolism-related bacteria, nutrients, and cell signals, focused on the possible molecular mechanisms by "Microbes-Bile acids" crosstalk, highlighted the gut-liver, gut-brain, and gut-testis axis, and discussed the possibility and application of the regulation of BA metabolism by nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The gut microbial co-metabolism of bile-derived compounds (e.g. bile acids and bile pigments) affects colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Here, we review recent findings with focus on selected novel aspects of bile-associated effects with interesting but unclear implications on CRC risk. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous studies demonstrated novel biotransformation of bile acids by gut bacteria (e.g. microbial conjugation of bile acids), resulting in diverse bile acid compounds that show complex interactions with host receptors (e.g. FXR, TGR5). In addition, YAP-associated signalling in intestinal epithelial cells is modulated via bile acid receptor TGR5 and contributes to colonic tumorigenesis. Finally, studies indicate that serum levels of the bile pigment bilirubin are inversely associated with CRC risk or intestinal inflammation and that bilirubin affects gut microbiota composition. SUMMARY Bile acids and bile pigments have multiple effects on intestinal microbe-host interactions, which may collectively modulate long-term CRC risk of the host.
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Bile Acids, Gut Microbes, and the Neighborhood Food Environment-a Potential Driver of Colorectal Cancer Health Disparities. mSystems 2022; 7:e0117421. [PMID: 35103491 PMCID: PMC8805634 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01174-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) facilitate nutrient digestion and absorption and act as signaling molecules in a number of metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Expansion of the BA pool and increased exposure to microbial BA metabolites has been associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. It is well established that diet influences systemic BA concentrations and microbial BA metabolism. Therefore, consumption of nutrients that reduce colonic exposure to BAs and microbial BA metabolites may be an effective method for reducing CRC risk, particularly in populations disproportionately burdened by CRC. Individuals who identify as Black/African American (AA/B) have the highest CRC incidence and death in the United States and are more likely to live in a food environment with an inequitable access to BA mitigating nutrients. Thus, this review discusses the current evidence supporting diet as a contributor to CRC disparities through BA-mediated mechanisms and relationships between these mechanisms and barriers to maintaining a low-risk diet.
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