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Zhang W, Zhang L, Zhi L, Qi J, He J. A Mendelian randomization study of the entire phenome to explore the causal links between epilepsy. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3602. [PMID: 38898641 PMCID: PMC11186849 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The causes and triggering factors of epilepsy are still unknown. The results of genome-wide association studies can be utilized for a phenome-wide association study using Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify potential risk factors for epilepsy. METHODS This study utilizes two-sample MR analysis to investigate whether 316 phenotypes, including lifestyle, environmental factors, blood biomarker, and more, are causally associated with the occurrence of epilepsy. The primary analysis employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) model, while complementary MR analysis methods (MR Egger, Wald ratio) were also employed. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy. RESULTS There was no evidence of a statistically significant causal association between the examined phenotypes and epilepsy following Bonferroni correction (p < 1.58 × 10-4) or false discovery rate correction. The results of the MR analysis indicate that the frequency of tiredness or lethargy in the last 2 weeks (p = 0.042), blood uridine (p = 0.003), blood propionylcarnitine (p = 0.041), and free cholesterol (p = 0.044) are suggestive causal risks for epilepsy. Lifestyle choices, such as sleep duration and alcohol consumption, as well as biomarkers including steroid hormone levels, hippocampal volume, and amygdala volume were not identified as causal factors for developing epilepsy (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides additional insights into the underlying causes of epilepsy, which will serve as evidence for the prevention and control of epilepsy. The associations observed in epidemiological studies may be partially attributed to shared biological factors or lifestyle confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryBeijing Fengtai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Li‐Ming Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryJinan University Affiliated 999 Brain HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Lin Zhi
- Department of NeurosurgeryBeijing Fengtai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ji Qi
- Department of NeurosurgeryBeijing Fengtai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jue He
- Department of NeurosurgeryBeijing Fengtai HospitalBeijingChina
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2
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Hu M, Wei J, Hao J, Jin T, Li B. Impact of TREM1 Variants on the Risk and Prognosis of Glioma in the Chinese Han Population. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:707-715. [PMID: 37426899 PMCID: PMC10327902 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s403870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the main pathological subtype of brain tumors with high mortality. Objective This study aimed to elucidate the correlation between TREM1 variants and glioma risk in the Chinese Han population. Methods Genotyping of six variants of TREM1 was completed by Agena MassARRAY platform in 1061 subjects (503 controls and 558 glioma patients). The relationship between TREM1 polymorphisms and glioma risk was calculated using the logistic regression model, with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method was performed to assess SNP-SNP interactions to predict glioma risk. Results In this research, overall analysis illustrated an association between TREM1 rs9369269 and an increased risk of glioma. Rs9369269 was also related to the risk of glioma in patients aged ≤40 years and females. Subjects with rs9369269 AC genotype were likely to obtain glioma compared to people with CC genotype (patients with astroglioma vs healthy people). Compared to TT genotype carriers, carriers with AT genotype of rs1351835 were significantly associated with overall survival (OS). Conclusion Taken together, the study identified the association between TREM1 variants and glioma risk and TREM1 variants were significantly associated with the prognosis of glioma. In the future, larger samples are needed to verify the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi’an Chang’an District Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Howell AE, Relton C, Martin RM, Zheng J, Kurian KM. Role of DNA methylation in the relationship between glioma risk factors and glioma incidence: a two-step Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6590. [PMID: 37085538 PMCID: PMC10121678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic evidence suggests glioma risk is altered by leukocyte telomere length, allergic disease (asthma, hay fever or eczema), alcohol consumption, childhood obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and triglyceride levels. DNA methylation (DNAm) variation influences many of these glioma-related traits and is an established feature of glioma. Yet the causal relationship between DNAm variation with both glioma incidence and glioma risk factors is unknown. We applied a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach and several sensitivity analyses (including colocalization and Steiger filtering) to assess the association of DNAm with glioma risk factors and glioma incidence. We used data from a recently published catalogue of germline genetic variants robustly associated with DNAm variation in blood (32,851 participants) and data from a genome-wide association study of glioma risk (12,488 cases and 18,169 controls, sub-divided into 6191 glioblastoma cases and 6305 non-glioblastoma cases). MR evidence indicated that DNAm at 3 CpG sites (cg01561092, cg05926943, cg01584448) in one genomic region (HEATR3) had a putative association with glioma and glioblastoma risk (False discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05). Steiger filtering provided evidence against reverse causation. Colocalization presented evidence against genetic confounding and suggested that differential DNAm at the 3 CpG sites and glioma were driven by the same genetic variant. MR provided little evidence to suggest that DNAm acts as a mediator on the causal pathway between risk factors previously examined and glioma onset. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use MR to appraise the causal link of DNAm with glioma risk factors and glioma onset. Subsequent analyses are required to improve the robustness of our results and rule out horizontal pleiotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Howell
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kathreena M Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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4
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Massaad E, Ha Y, Shankar GM, Shin JH. Clinical Prediction Modeling in Intramedullary Spinal Tumor Surgery. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA. SUPPLEMENT 2021; 134:333-339. [PMID: 34862557 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85292-4_37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence is poised to influence various aspects of patient care, and neurosurgery is one of the most uprising fields where machine learning is being applied to provide surgeons with greater insight about the pathophysiology and prognosis of neurological conditions. This chapter provides a guide for clinicians on relevant aspects of machine learning and reviews selected application of these methods in intramedullary spinal cord tumors. The potential areas of application of machine learning extend far beyond the analyses of clinical data to include several areas of artificial intelligence, such as genomics and computer vision. Integration of various sources of data and application of advanced analytical approaches could improve risk assessment for intramedullary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Massaad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoon Ha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ganesh M Shankar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John H Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Saunders CN, Cornish AJ, Kinnersley B, Law PJ, Claus EB, Il'yasova D, Schildkraut J, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Olson SH, Bernstein JL, Lai RK, Chanock S, Rajaraman P, Johansen C, Jenkins RB, Melin BS, Wrensch MR, Sanson M, Bondy ML, Houlston RS. Lack of association between modifiable exposures and glioma risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:207-215. [PMID: 31665421 PMCID: PMC7442418 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The etiological basis of glioma is poorly understood. We have used genetic markers in a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to examine if lifestyle, cardiometabolic, and inflammatory factors influence the risk of glioma. This methodology reduces bias from confounding and is not affected by reverse causation. Methods We identified genetic instruments for 37 potentially modifiable risk factors and evaluated their association with glioma risk using data from a genome-wide association study of 12 488 glioma patients and 18 169 controls. We used the estimated odds ratio of glioma associated with each of the genetically defined traits to infer evidence for a causal relationship with the following exposures: Lifestyle and dietary factors—height, plasma insulin-like growth factor 1, blood carnitine, blood methionine, blood selenium, blood zinc, circulating adiponectin, circulating carotenoids, iron status, serum calcium, vitamins (A1, B12, B6, E, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D), fatty acid levels (monounsaturated, omega-3, and omega-6) and circulating fetuin-A; Cardiometabolic factors—birth weight, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, total triglycerides, basal metabolic rate, body fat percentage, body mass index, fasting glucose, fasting proinsulin, glycated hemoglobin levels, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio; and Inflammatory factors— C-reactive protein, plasma interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha and serum immunoglobulin E. Results After correction for the testing of multiple potential risk factors and excluding associations driven by one single nucleotide polymorphism, no significant association with glioma risk was observed (ie, PCorrected > 0.05). Conclusions This study did not provide evidence supporting any of the 37 factors examined as having a significant influence on glioma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie N Saunders
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alex J Cornish
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joellen Schildkraut
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences and the Cleveland Center for Health Outcomes Research, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rose K Lai
- Departments of Neurology and Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Preetha Rajaraman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Oncology Clinic, Finsen Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marc Sanson
- Sorbonne University, National Center for Scientific Research, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Brain and Spinal Cord Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology Mazarin 2, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital Group, Paris, France
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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6
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Saunders CN, Cornish AJ, Kinnersley B, Law PJ, Houlston RS. Searching for causal relationships of glioma: a phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation study. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:447-454. [PMID: 33020596 PMCID: PMC7852872 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aetiology of glioma is poorly understood. Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can be used in a Mendelian randomisation (MR) phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to search for glioma risk factors. METHODS We performed an MR-PheWAS analysing 316 phenotypes, proxied by 8387 genetic variants, and summary genetic data from a GWAS of 12,488 glioma cases and 18,169 controls. Causal effects were estimated under a random-effects inverse-variance-weighted (IVW-RE) model, with robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS), weighted median and mode-based estimates computed to assess the robustness of findings. Odds ratios per one standard deviation increase in each phenotype were calculated for all glioma, glioblastoma (GBM) and non-GBM tumours. RESULTS No significant associations (P < 1.58 × 10-4) were observed between phenotypes and glioma under the IVW-RE model. Suggestive associations (1.58 × 10-4 < P < 0.05) were observed between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with all glioma (ORSD = 3.91, P = 9.24 × 10-3) and GBM (ORSD = 4.86, P = 3.23 × 10-2), but the association was primarily driven by the TERT variant rs2736100. Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and plasma HbA1C showed suggestive associations with glioma (ORSD = 1.11, P = 1.39 × 10-2 and ORSD = 1.28, P = 1.73 × 10-2, respectively), both associations being reliant on single genetic variants. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides further insight into the aetiological basis of glioma for which published data have been mixed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie N Saunders
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
| | - Alex J Cornish
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
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7
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Cai RD, Zhang CC, Xie LL, Wang PC, Huang CX, Chen JL, Lv HT. SNHG1 Promotes Malignant Progression of Glioma by Targeting miR-140-5p and Regulating PI3K/AKT Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12011-12020. [PMID: 33262651 PMCID: PMC7700088 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s269572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the regulatory mechanism of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) in glioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of SNHG1 and miR-140-5p in glioma tissues and glioma cell lines (LN-18, KNS-81, and KALS-1) was determined, and the effect of the two on cell proliferation, invasion, and PI3K/AKT pathway was analyzed. RESULTS SNHG1 was overexpressed in glioma tissues, while miR-140-5p was underexpressed in them, and there was a significant negative correlation between SNHG1 and miR-140-5p. In addition, both down-regulation of SNHG1 and up-regulation of miR-140-5p significantly inhibited the malignant proliferation and invasion of glioma, intensified the apoptosis, and also significantly suppressed the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. The dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down assay, and RIP determination all confirmed that there was a targeting relationship between SNHG1 and miR-140-5p, and there was no difference between KNS-81 and KALS-1 cells transfected with SNHG1+mimics and si-SNHG1+inhibitor and those in the si-NC group with unrelated sequences in terms of cell malignant progression. CONCLUSION SNHG1/miR-140-5p axis and its regulation on PI3K/AKT pathway might be a novel therapeutic direction to curb the malignant progression of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Duan Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao-Cai Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Xie
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Cheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan People’s Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chui-Xue Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan People’s Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Long Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan People’s Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang C, Ostrom QT, Semmes EC, Ramaswamy V, Hansen HM, Morimoto L, de Smith AJ, Pekmezci M, Vaksman Z, Hakonarson H, Diskin SJ, Metayer C, Taylor MD, Wiemels JL, Bondy ML, Walsh KM. Genetic predisposition to longer telomere length and risk of childhood, adolescent and adult-onset ependymoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:173. [PMID: 33115534 PMCID: PMC7592366 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-01038-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ependymoma is the third most common brain tumor in children, with well-described molecular characterization but poorly understood underlying germline risk factors. To investigate whether genetic predisposition to longer telomere length influences ependymoma risk, we utilized case-control data from three studies: a population-based pediatric and adolescent ependymoma case-control sample from California (153 cases, 696 controls), a hospital-based pediatric posterior fossa type A (EPN-PF-A) ependymoma case-control study from Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (83 cases, 332 controls), and a multicenter adult-onset ependymoma case-control dataset nested within the Glioma International Case-Control Consortium (GICC) (103 cases, 3287 controls). In the California case-control sample, a polygenic score for longer telomere length was significantly associated with increased risk of ependymoma diagnosed at ages 12-19 (P = 4.0 × 10-3), but not with ependymoma in children under 12 years of age (P = 0.94). Mendelian randomization supported this observation, identifying a significant association between genetic predisposition to longer telomere length and increased risk of adolescent-onset ependymoma (ORPRS = 1.67; 95% CI 1.18-2.37; P = 3.97 × 10-3) and adult-onset ependymoma (PMR-Egger = 0.042), but not with risk of ependymoma diagnosed before age 12 (OR = 1.12; 95% CI 0.94-1.34; P = 0.21), nor with EPN-PF-A (PMR-Egger = 0.59). These findings complement emerging literature suggesting that augmented telomere maintenance is important in ependymoma pathogenesis and progression, and that longer telomere length is a risk factor for diverse nervous system malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Eleanor C Semmes
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
- Children's Health and Discovery Initiative, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Helen M Hansen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Libby Morimoto
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - Adam J de Smith
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Melike Pekmezci
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Zalman Vaksman
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Sharon J Diskin
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Catherine Metayer
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - Michael D Taylor
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joseph L Wiemels
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kyle M Walsh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, DUMC Box 3050, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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9
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Li K, Zhang Q, Niu D, Xing H. Mining miRNAs' Expressions in Glioma Based on GEO Database and Their Effects on Biological Functions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5637864. [PMID: 33102581 PMCID: PMC7576330 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5637864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To mine miR expression in glioma based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and to explore its effects on biological functions. METHODS Differentially expressed miRs in glioma-related chips were found out based on the GEO database. Fifty patients with glioma treated in our hospital from February 2012 to July 2013 (observation group, OG) and a further 50 healthy people undergoing physical examinations (control group, CG) were enrolled. miR-873-5p expression in serum and in U87, T98G, U251, LN-229, and HEK-293T cells was tested by qRT-PCR. T98G and U251 cells were transfected with miR-873-5p-mimics and miR-NC sequences. The expression in the two cells was also tested by qRT-PCR. The proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of the transfected cells were, respectively, tested by MTT assay, Transwell, and flow cytometry. The patients were followed up for 5 years to observe their survival. RESULTS miR-873-5p expression in OG was remarkably higher than that in CG (p < 0.001). miR-873-5p was closely correlated with the tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, and TNM staging of the patients (p < 0.05). According to the plotted receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the areas under the curves (AUCs) of miR-873-5p for diagnosing the disease, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, and TNM staging were 0.842, 0.706, 0.865, and 0.793, respectively. The 5-year and recurrence-free survival rates in the low expression group were lower than those in the high expression group. According to multivariate Cox regression analysis, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, and miR-873-5p were independent prognostic factors for the disease. After transfection, compared with those in the miR-NC group, T98G and U251 cells in the miR-873-5p-mimic group had remarkably higher miR-873-5p expression (p < 0.05), remarkably lower proliferation and invasion rates (p < 0.05), and a remarkably higher apoptotic rate (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS miR-873-5p can inhibit glioma cells to proliferate and invade, and promote their apoptosis, so it is expected to become a potential diagnostic index and therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Duan Niu
- Department of Pediatrics, Binchengqu Shili Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Hailong Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, China
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10
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Wu J, Guo X, Xu D, Zhang H. LINC00662 sponges miR-107 accelerating the invasiveness and proliferation of glioma cells. J Cancer 2020; 11:5700-5712. [PMID: 32913464 PMCID: PMC7477458 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence revealed that the aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been implicated in tumorigenesis. However, the role and mechanisms of LINC00662 in glioma have not been elucidated. Here, we show that upregulation of LINC00662 expression in glioma is associated with advanced clinical features and poor prognosis. Our results from loss-of-function assays suggest that LINC00662 silencing suppresses the proliferative and invasive abilities of glioma cells. In vivo, glioma growth was inhibited by depletion of LINC00662 in nude mice. Mechanistically, LINC00662 directly interacts with miR-107. The High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a known target of miR-107. Moreover, rescue assays reveal that HMGB1 overexpression (or miR-107 inhibition) reverses the glioma growth inhibition caused by LINC00662 knockdown. In conclusion, our results indicate that LINC00662 acts as an oncogene in glioma by modulating the miR-107/HMGB1 axis, suggesting that LINC00662 could be a novel therapeutic target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003 Henan China
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003 Henan China
| | - Dongxiao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003 Henan China
| | - Hongri Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003 Henan China
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11
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Howell AE, Robinson JW, Wootton RE, McAleenan A, Tsavachidis S, Ostrom QT, Bondy M, Armstrong G, Relton C, Haycock P, Martin RM, Zheng J, Kurian KM. Testing for causality between systematically identified risk factors and glioma: a Mendelian randomization study. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:508. [PMID: 32493226 PMCID: PMC7268455 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whilst epidemiological studies have provided evidence of associations between certain risk factors and glioma onset, inferring causality has proven challenging. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we assessed whether associations of 36 reported glioma risk factors showed evidence of a causal relationship. METHODS We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE from inception to October 2018 to identify candidate risk factors and conducted a meta-analysis of two glioma genome-wide association studies (5739 cases and 5501 controls) to form our exposure and outcome datasets. MR analyses were performed using genetic variants to proxy for candidate risk factors. We investigated whether risk factors differed by subtype diagnosis (either glioblastoma (n = 3112) or non-glioblastoma (n = 2411)). MR estimates for each risk factor were determined using multiplicative random effects inverse-variance weighting (IVW). Sensitivity analyses investigated potential pleiotropy using MR-Egger regression, the weighted median estimator, and the mode-based estimator. To increase power, trait-specific polygenic risk scores were used to test the association of a genetically predicated increase in each risk factor with glioma onset. RESULTS Our systematic search identified 36 risk factors that could be proxied using genetic variants. Using MR, we found evidence that four genetically predicted traits increased risk of glioma, glioblastoma or non-glioblastoma: longer leukocyte telomere length, liability to allergic disease, increased alcohol consumption and liability to childhood extreme obesity (> 3 standard deviations from the mean). Two traits decreased risk of non-glioblastoma cancers: increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and triglyceride levels. Our findings were similar across sensitivity analyses that made allowance for pleiotropy (genetic confounding). CONCLUSIONS Our comprehensive investigation provides evidence of a causal link between both genetically predicted leukocyte telomere length, allergic disease, alcohol consumption, childhood extreme obesity, and LDLc and triglyceride levels, and glioma. The findings from our study warrant further research to uncover mechanisms that implicate these traits in glioma onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Howell
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J W Robinson
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - R E Wootton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - A McAleenan
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - S Tsavachidis
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, UK
| | - Q T Ostrom
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, UK
| | - M Bondy
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, UK
| | - G Armstrong
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, UK
| | - C Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - P Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - R M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - J Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
| | - K M Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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12
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Associations of lncRNA H19 Polymorphisms at MicroRNA Binding Sites with Glioma Susceptibility and Prognosis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 20:86-96. [PMID: 32155588 PMCID: PMC7062941 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common tumor of the central nervous system; variation in susceptibility and prognosis worldwide suggests that there are molecular and genetic differences among individuals. The H19 gene plays a dual role in carcinogenesis. In this study, associations between H19 polymorphisms and susceptibility as well as prognosis in glioma were evaluated. In total, 605 patients with glioma and 1,300 cancer-free subjects were enrolled in the study. Individuals with the rs3741219 A>G allele were less likely to develop glioma (relative risk [RR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.45–0.63, p < 0.001), whereas rs217727 G>A and rs2839698 G>A genotypes were not associated with glioma risk. The associations between H19 polymorphisms and prognosis were assessed, including overall survival and progression-free survival. Three focused H19 polymorphisms did not show a significant effect on survival. Further analysis based on false-positive report probability validated these significant results. In the haplotype analysis, individuals with the Grs217727Ars2839698Grs3741219 haplotype were less likely to develop glioma (odds ratio [OR] = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.23–0.46, p = 0.02). Overall, carriers of the rs3741219 AG or GG genotype of H19 have a decreased susceptibility to glioma, but polymorphisms in this gene are not related to prognosis.
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13
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The Genetic Architecture of Gliomagenesis-Genetic Risk Variants Linked to Specific Molecular Subtypes. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122001. [PMID: 31842352 PMCID: PMC6966482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified 25 germline genetic loci that increase the risk of glioma. The somatic tumor molecular alterations, including IDH-mutation status and 1p/19q co-deletion, have been included into the WHO 2016 classification system for glioma. To investigate how the germline genetic risk variants correlate with the somatic molecular subtypes put forward by WHO, we performed a meta-analysis that combined findings from 330 Swedish cases and 876 controls with two other recent studies. In total, 5,103 cases and 10,915 controls were included. Three categories of associations were found. First, variants in TERT and TP53 were associated with increased risk of all glioma subtypes. Second, variants in CDKN2B-AS1, EGFR, and RTEL1 were associated with IDH-wildtype glioma. Third, variants in CCDC26 (the 8q24 locus), C2orf80 (close to IDH), LRIG1, PHLDB1, ETFA, MAML2 and ZBTB16 were associated with IDH-mutant glioma. We therefore propose three etiopathological pathways in gliomagenesis based on germline variants for future guidance of diagnosis and potential functional targets for therapies. Future prospective clinical trials of patients with suspicion of glioma diagnoses, using the genetic variants as biomarkers, are necessary to disentangle how strongly they can predict glioma diagnosis.
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14
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Penas-Prado M, Wu J, Cahill DP, Brat DJ, Costello JF, Kluetz PG, Cairncross JG, van den Bent M, Verhaak RGW, Aboud O, Burger P, Chang SM, Cordova C, Huang RY, Rowe LS, Taphoorn MJB, Gilbert MR, Armstrong TS. Proceedings of the Comprehensive Oncology Network Evaluating Rare CNS Tumors (NCI-CONNECT) Oligodendroglioma Workshop. Neurooncol Adv 2019; 2:vdz048. [PMID: 33289010 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdz048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oligodendroglioma is a rare primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor with highly variable outcome and for which therapy is usually not curative. At present, little is known regarding the pathways involved with progression of oligodendrogliomas or optimal biomarkers for stratifying risk. Developing new therapies for this rare cancer is especially challenging. To overcome these challenges, the neuro-oncology community must be particularly innovative, seeking multi-institutional and international collaborations, and establishing partnerships with patients and advocacy groups thereby ensuring that each patient enrolled in a study is as informative as possible. Methods The mission of the National Cancer Institute's NCI-CONNECT program is to address the challenges and unmet needs in rare CNS cancer research and treatment by connecting patients, health care providers, researchers, and advocacy organizations to work in partnership. On November 19, 2018, the program convened a workshop on oligodendroglioma, one of the 12 rare CNS cancers included in its initial portfolio. The purpose of this workshop was to discuss scientific progress and regulatory challenges in oligodendroglioma research and develop a call to action to advance research and treatment for this cancer. Results The recommendations of the workshop include a multifaceted and interrelated approach covering: biology and preclinical models, data sharing and advanced molecular diagnosis and imaging; clinical trial design; and patient outreach and engagement. Conclusions The NCI-CONNECT program is well positioned to address challenges in oligodendroglioma care and research in collaboration with other stakeholders and is developing a list of action items for future initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Wu
- Neuro-Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel J Brat
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joseph F Costello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Paul G Kluetz
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington DC
| | | | | | - Roel G W Verhaak
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Orwa Aboud
- Neuro-Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.,Brain Tumor Program, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter Burger
- Neuropathology Division, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Susan M Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Christine Cordova
- Neuro-Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.,NYU School of Medicine, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Raymond Y Huang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lindsay S Rowe
- Radiation Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martin J B Taphoorn
- Leiden University Medical Center and Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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15
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Zhang M, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Huang T, Wu Y. Impact of AKAP6 polymorphisms on Glioma susceptibility and prognosis. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:296. [PMID: 31759389 PMCID: PMC6875069 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. Our aim was to clarify the correlation between Kinase-anchored protein 6 (AKAP6) gene polymorphisms and glioma susceptibility and prognosis in Chinese Han population. METHODS Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of AKAP6 were genotyped by Agena MassARRAY in 575 glioma patients and 500 healthy controls. Logistic regression model was utilized to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The associations between polymorphisms and survival were assessed using the log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model. RESULTS We found that rs2239647 polymorphism was strongly associated with an increased risk of glioma (OR = 1.90, p = 0.007) and a worse prognosis for glioma, especially in high-grade glioma (HR = 1.67, p = 0.034). Stratified analysis showed that rs2239647 increased the risk of glioma in female (OR = 1.62, p = 0.016). Whereas, rs4261436 (HR = 0.70, p = 0.045) and rs17522122 (HR = 0.75, p = 0.016) were associated with better prognosis of astrocytoma. In addition, we also found that surgical methods and chemotherapy are critical factors for the prognosis of glioma patients. CONCLUSIONS This study firstly provided evidence for the impact of AKAP6 polymorphisms on susceptibility and prognosis of glioma, suggesting AKAP6 variants might have potential roles in the etiology of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yonglin Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingqin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, #157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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16
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Role of monoamine-oxidase-A-gene variation in the development of glioblastoma in males: a case control study. J Neurooncol 2019; 145:287-294. [PMID: 31556016 PMCID: PMC6856259 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The Mono-amine oxidase-A (MAO-A) enzyme is involved in the degradation and regulation of catecholamines such as serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine and nor-epinephrine. Preclinical studies suggest that this enzyme may contribute to an environment favorable for growth of malignant glioma. The MAO-A gene is located on the X-chromosome and has at least one functional genetic polymorphism. The aim of the present study was to explore possible effects of MAO-A genotype on development of glioblastoma in males. Methods Genotypes for 437 glioma cases and 876 population-based controls from the Swedish Glioma International Case–Control study (GICC) were compared. We analyzed the germline DNA using the Illumina Oncoarray. We selected seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the MAO-A gene, and imputed genotypes based on data from the 1000 genomes project. We used 1579 male glioblastoma cases and 1875 controls comprising the whole GICC cohort for subsequent validation of findings. Results The rs144551722 SNP was a significant predictor of development of glioblastoma in males (p-value = 0.0056) but not in females even after correction for multiple testing. We conducted haplotype analysis to confirm an association between MAO-A gene and risk of glioblastoma (p-value = 0.016). We found similar results in the validation sample. Conclusions These results suggest the possibility of a role for the MAO-A enzyme and the MAO-A gene in the development of glioblastoma in males.
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17
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Zou YF, Meng LB, He ZK, Hu CH, Shan MJ, Wang DY, Yu X. Screening and authentication of molecular markers in malignant glioblastoma based on gene expression profiles. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4593-4604. [PMID: 31611967 PMCID: PMC6781560 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant tumor of the central nervous system with high mortality rates. Gene expression profiling may determine the chemosensitivity of GBMs. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying GBM remain to be determined. To screen the novel key genes in its occurrence and development, two glioma databases, GSE122498 and GSE104291, were analyzed in the present study. Bioinformatics analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes, Cytoscape, cBioPortal, and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis softwares. Patients with recurrent GBM showed worse overall survival rate. Overall, 341 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were authenticated based on two microarray datasets, which were primarily enriched in ‘cell division’, ‘mitotic nuclear division’, ‘DNA replication’, ‘nucleoplasm’, ‘cytosol, nucleus’, ‘protein binding’, ‘ATP binding’, ‘protein C-terminus binding’, ‘the cell cycle’, ‘DNA replication’, ‘oocyte meiosis’ and ‘valine’. The protein-protein interaction network was composed of 1,799 edges and 237 nodes. Its significant module had 10 hub genes, and CDK1, BUB1B, NDC80, NCAPG, BUB1, CCNB1, TOP2A, DLGAP5, ASPM and MELK were significantly associated with carcinogenesis and the development of GBM. The present study indicated that the DEGs and hub genes, identified based on bioinformatics analyses, had significant diagnostic value for patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Fan Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital-Sixth Medical Center, Beijing 100037, P.R. China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Navy Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Bing Meng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Kai He
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102200, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Hao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital-Sixth Medical Center, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Jie Shan
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Deng-Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital-Sixth Medical Center, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital-Sixth Medical Center, Beijing 100037, P.R. China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Navy Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
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18
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Ostrom QT, Egan KM, Nabors LB, Gerke T, Thompson RC, Olson JJ, LaRocca R, Chowdhary S, Eckel-Passow JE, Armstrong G, Wiencke JK, Bernstein JL, Claus EB, Il'yasova D, Johansen C, Lachance DH, Lai RK, Merrell RT, Olson SH, Sadetzki S, Schildkraut JM, Shete S, Houlston RS, Jenkins RB, Wrensch MR, Melin B, Amos CI, Huse JT, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Bondy ML. Glioma risk associated with extent of estimated European genetic ancestry in African Americans and Hispanics. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:739-748. [PMID: 30963577 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioma incidence is highest in non-Hispanic Whites, and to date, glioma genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to date have only included European ancestry (EA) populations. African Americans and Hispanics in the US have varying proportions of EA, African (AA) and Native American ancestries (NAA). It is unknown if identified GWAS loci or increased EA is associated with increased glioma risk. We assessed whether EA was associated with glioma in African Americans and Hispanics. Data were obtained for 832 cases and 675 controls from the Glioma International Case-Control Study and GliomaSE Case-Control Study previously estimated to have <80% EA, or self-identify as non-White. We estimated global and local ancestry using fastStructure and RFMix, respectively, using 1,000 genomes project reference populations. Within groups with ≥40% AA (AFR≥0.4 ), and ≥15% NAA (AMR≥0.15 ), genome-wide association between local EA and glioma was evaluated using logistic regression conditioned on global EA for all gliomas. We identified two regions (7q21.11, p = 6.36 × 10-4 ; 11p11.12, p = 7.0 × 10-4 ) associated with increased EA, and one associated with decreased EA (20p12.13, p = 0.0026) in AFR≥0.4 . In addition, we identified a peak at rs1620291 (p = 4.36 × 10-6 ) in 7q21.3. Among AMR≥0.15 , we found an association between increased EA in one region (12q24.21, p = 8.38 × 10-4 ), and decreased EA in two regions (8q24.21, p = 0. 0010; 20q13.33, p = 6.36 × 10-4 ). No other significant associations were identified. This analysis identified an association between glioma and two regions previously identified in EA populations (8q24.21, 20q13.33) and four novel regions (7q21.11, 11p11.12, 12q24.21 and 20p12.13). The identifications of novel association with EA suggest regions to target for future genetic association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Kathleen M Egan
- Division of Population Sciences, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - L Burt Nabors
- Neuro-Oncology Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Travis Gerke
- Division of Population Sciences, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Reid C Thompson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jeffrey J Olson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Renato LaRocca
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Norton Cancer Institute, Louisville, KY
| | | | - Jeanette E Eckel-Passow
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Georgina Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, New York
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.,Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Oncology Clinic, Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet and Survivorship Research Unit, The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Rose K Lai
- Department of Neurology and Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, Los Angeles
| | - Ryan T Merrell
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, New York
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research in Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jason T Huse
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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19
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Amirian ES, Ostrom QT, Armstrong GN, Lai RK, Gu X, Jacobs DI, Jalali A, Claus EB, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Il'yasova D, Schildkraut JM, Ali-Osman F, Sadetzki S, Jenkins RB, Lachance DH, Olson SH, Bernstein JL, Merrell RT, Wrensch MR, Johansen C, Houlston RS, Scheurer ME, Shete S, Amos CI, Melin B, Bondy ML. Aspirin, NSAIDs, and Glioma Risk: Original Data from the Glioma International Case-Control Study and a Meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:555-562. [PMID: 30482874 PMCID: PMC6401283 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been few studies of sufficient size to address the relationship between glioma risk and the use of aspirin or NSAIDs, and results have been conflicting. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between glioma and aspirin/NSAID use, and to aggregate these findings with prior published studies using meta-analysis. METHODS The Glioma International Case-Control Study (GICC) consists of 4,533 glioma cases and 4,171 controls recruited from 2010 to 2013. Interviews were conducted using a standardized questionnaire to obtain information on aspirin/NSAID use. We examined history of regular use for ≥6 months and duration-response. Restricted maximum likelihood meta-regression models were used to aggregate site-specific estimates, and to combine GICC estimates with previously published studies. RESULTS A history of daily aspirin use for ≥6 months was associated with a 38% lower glioma risk, compared with not having a history of daily use [adjusted meta-OR = 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54-0.70]. There was a significant duration-response trend (P = 1.67 × 10-17), with lower ORs for increasing duration of aspirin use. Duration-response trends were not observed for NSAID use. In the meta-analysis aggregating GICC data with five previous studies, there was a marginally significant association between use of aspirin and glioma (mOR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.70-1.02), but no association for NSAID use. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that aspirin may be associated with a reduced risk of glioma. IMPACT These results imply that aspirin use may be associated with decreased glioma risk. Further research examining the association between aspirin use and glioma risk is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Susan Amirian
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Georgina N Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rose K Lai
- Departments of Neurology and Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xiangjun Gu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel I Jacobs
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ali Jalali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Georgia State University School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia.,Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Francis Ali-Osman
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ryan T Merrell
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Oncology Clinic, Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet and Survivorship Research Unit, The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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20
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Ostrom QT, Coleman W, Huang W, Rubin JB, Lathia JD, Berens ME, Speyer G, Liao P, Wrensch MR, Eckel-Passow JE, Armstrong G, Rice T, Wiencke JK, McCoy LS, Hansen HM, Amos CI, Bernstein JL, Claus EB, Houlston RS, Il’yasova D, Jenkins RB, Johansen C, Lachance DH, Lai RK, Merrell RT, Olson SH, Sadetzki S, Schildkraut JM, Shete S, Andersson U, Rajaraman P, Chanock SJ, Linet MS, Wang Z, Yeager M, Melin B, Bondy ML, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Sex-specific gene and pathway modeling of inherited glioma risk. Neuro Oncol 2019; 21:71-82. [PMID: 30124908 PMCID: PMC6303471 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 25 risk variants for glioma, explaining 30% of heritable risk. Most histologies occur with significantly higher incidence in males, and this difference is not explained by currently known risk factors. A previous GWAS identified sex-specific glioma risk variants, and this analysis aims to further elucidate risk variation by sex using gene- and pathway-based approaches. Methods Results from the Glioma International Case-Control Study were used as a testing set, and results from 3 GWAS were combined via meta-analysis and used as a validation set. Using summary statistics for nominally significant autosomal SNPs (P < 0.01 in a previous meta-analysis) and nominally significant X-chromosome SNPs (P < 0.01), 3 algorithms (Pascal, BimBam, and GATES) were used to generate gene scores, and Pascal was used to generate pathway scores. Results were considered statistically significant in the discovery set when P < 3.3 × 10-6 and in the validation set when P < 0.001 in 2 of 3 algorithms. Results Twenty-five genes within 5 regions and 19 genes within 6 regions reached statistical significance in at least 2 of 3 algorithms in males and females, respectively. EGFR was significantly associated with all glioma and glioblastoma in males only and a female-specific association in TERT, all of which remained nominally significant after conditioning on known risk loci. There were nominal associations with the BioCarta telomeres pathway in both males and females. Conclusions These results provide additional evidence that there may be differences by sex in genetic risk for glioma. Additional analyses may further elucidate the biological processes through which this risk is conferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn T Ostrom
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - William Huang
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael E Berens
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Gil Speyer
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Peter Liao
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeanette E Eckel-Passow
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Georgina Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Terri Rice
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lucie S McCoy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Helen M Hansen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Dora Il’yasova
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Oncology Clinic, Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet and Survivorship Research Unit, The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rose K Lai
- Departments of Neurology and Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ryan T Merrell
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Ulrika Andersson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Preetha Rajaraman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Martha S Linet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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21
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Ostrom QT, Kinnersley B, Wrensch MR, Eckel-Passow JE, Armstrong G, Rice T, Chen Y, Wiencke JK, McCoy LS, Hansen HM, Amos CI, Bernstein JL, Claus EB, Il'yasova D, Johansen C, Lachance DH, Lai RK, Merrell RT, Olson SH, Sadetzki S, Schildkraut JM, Shete S, Rubin JB, Lathia JD, Berens ME, Andersson U, Rajaraman P, Chanock SJ, Linet MS, Wang Z, Yeager M, Houlston RS, Jenkins RB, Melin B, Bondy ML, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Sex-specific glioma genome-wide association study identifies new risk locus at 3p21.31 in females, and finds sex-differences in risk at 8q24.21. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7352. [PMID: 29743610 PMCID: PMC5943590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Incidence of glioma is approximately 50% higher in males. Previous analyses have examined exposures related to sex hormones in women as potential protective factors for these tumors, with inconsistent results. Previous glioma genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not stratified by sex. Potential sex-specific genetic effects were assessed in autosomal SNPs and sex chromosome variants for all glioma, GBM and non-GBM patients using data from four previous glioma GWAS. Datasets were analyzed using sex-stratified logistic regression models and combined using meta-analysis. There were 4,831 male cases, 5,216 male controls, 3,206 female cases and 5,470 female controls. A significant association was detected at rs11979158 (7p11.2) in males only. Association at rs55705857 (8q24.21) was stronger in females than in males. A large region on 3p21.31 was identified with significant association in females only. The identified differences in effect of risk variants do not fully explain the observed incidence difference in glioma by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Population and Quantitative Heath Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jeanette E Eckel-Passow
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Georgina Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Terri Rice
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yanwen Chen
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lucie S McCoy
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Helen M Hansen
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Oncology clinic, Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Survivorship Research Unit, The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rose K Lai
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ryan T Merrell
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael E Berens
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ulrika Andersson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Preetha Rajaraman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Martha S Linet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.
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22
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Berntsson SG, Merrell RT, Amirian ES, Armstrong GN, Lachance D, Smits A, Zhou R, Jacobs DI, Wrensch MR, Olson SH, Il'yasova D, Claus EB, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Schildkraut J, Sadetzki S, Johansen C, Houlston RS, Jenkins RB, Bernstein JL, Lai R, Shete S, Amos CI, Bondy ML, Melin BS. Glioma-related seizures in relation to histopathological subtypes: a report from the glioma international case-control study. J Neurol 2018; 265:1432-1442. [PMID: 29687214 PMCID: PMC5990563 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-8857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of glioma-related seizures and seizure control at the time of tumor diagnosis with respect to tumor histologic subtypes, tumor treatment and patient characteristics, and to compare seizure history preceding tumor diagnosis (or study enrollment) between glioma patients and healthy controls. METHODS The Glioma International Case Control study (GICC) risk factor questionnaire collected information on demographics, past medical/medication history, and occupational history. Cases from eight centers were also asked detailed questions on seizures in relation to glioma diagnosis; cases (n = 4533) and controls (n = 4171) were also asked about seizures less than 2 years from diagnosis and previous seizure history more than 2 years prior to tumor diagnosis, including childhood seizures. RESULTS Low-grade gliomas (LGGs), particularly oligodendrogliomas/oligoastrocytomas, had the highest proportion of glioma-related seizures. Patients with low-grade astrocytoma demonstrated the most medically refractory seizures. A total of 83% of patients were using only one antiepileptic drug (AED), which was levetiracetam in 71% of cases. Gross total resection was strongly associated with reduced seizure frequency (p < 0.009). No significant difference was found between glioma cases and controls in terms of seizure occurring more than 2 years before diagnosis or during childhood. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that glioma-related seizures were most common in low-grade gliomas. Gross total resection was associated with lower seizure frequency. Additionally, having a history of childhood seizures is not a risk factor ***for developing glioma-related seizures or glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shala G Berntsson
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ryan T Merrell
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - E Susan Amirian
- Division of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Georgina N Armstrong
- Division of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Lachance
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Anja Smits
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Renke Zhou
- Division of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniel I Jacobs
- Division of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Georgia State University School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Joellen Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, London, Surrey, UK.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rose Lai
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Preventive Medicine, The University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Division of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Division of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Beatrice S Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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23
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Yang J, Zhang JN, Chen WL, Wang GS, Mao Q, Li SQ, Xiong WH, Lin YY, Ge JW, Li XX, Gu Z, Zhao CR. Effects of AQP5 gene silencing on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of human glioma cells through regulating EGFR/ERK/ p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38444-38455. [PMID: 28404978 PMCID: PMC5503544 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) gene silencing on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of human glioma cells through regulating the EGFR/ERK/p38MAPK signaling pathway. qRT-PCR was applied to examine the mRNA expressions of AQP5 in five human glioma cell lines. U87-MG, U251 and LN229 cells were selected and assigned into blank, vector, AQP5 siRNA and FlagAQP5 groups. MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation. Flow cytometry (FCM) with AnnexinV-FITC/PI double staining and PI staining were employed to analyze cell apoptosis and cell cycle respectively. Scratch test was used to detect cell migration. Western blotting was performed to determine the EGFR/ERK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins. Results showed that the positive expression of AQP5 in primary glioblastoma was associated with the tumor size and whether complete excision was performed. The mRNA expressions of AQP5 in cell lines of U87-MG, U251 and LN229 were significantly higher than in U373 and T98G. The proliferation rates of U87-MG, U251 and LN229 cells in the AQP5 siRNA group were lower than in the vector and blank groups. The apoptosis rate increased in the AQP5 siRNA group compared with the vector group. Scratch test demonstrated that AQP5 gene silencing could suppress cell migration. Compared with the vector and blank groups, the AQP5 siRNA group showed decreased expressions of the ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, p-ERK1/2 and p-p38 MAPK proteins. AQP5 gene silencing could inhibit the cell proliferation, reduce cell migration and promote the cell apoptosis of U87-MG, U251 and LN229 by suppressing EGFR/ERK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Operation Room, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Lin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Song Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Qing Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Quan Li
- Operation Room, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Wei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xiong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Run Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
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Kinnersley B, Houlston RS, Bondy ML. Genome-Wide Association Studies in Glioma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 27:418-428. [PMID: 29382702 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first reports in 2009, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been successful in identifying germline variants associated with glioma susceptibility. In this review, we describe a chronological history of glioma GWAS, culminating in the most recent study comprising 12,496 cases and 18,190 controls. We additionally summarize associations at the 27 glioma-risk SNPs that have been reported so far. Future efforts are likely to be principally focused on assessing association of germline-risk SNPs with particular molecular subgroups of glioma, as well as investigating the functional basis of the risk loci in tumor formation. These ongoing studies will be important to maximize the impact of research into glioma susceptibility, both in terms of insight into tumor etiology as well as opportunities for clinical translation. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(4); 418-28. ©2018 AACRSee all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "Genome-Wide Association Studies in Cancer."
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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25
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Salowe R, O’Keefe L, Merriam S, Lee R, Khachatryan N, Sankar P, Miller-Ellis E, Lehman A, Addis V, Murphy W, Henderer J, Maguire M, O’Brien J. Cost and yield considerations when expanding recruitment for genetic studies: the primary open-angle African American glaucoma genetics study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2017; 17:101. [PMID: 28705151 PMCID: PMC5512952 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-017-0374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND African Americans have been historically under-represented in genetic studies. More research is needed on effective recruitment strategies for this population, especially on approaches that supplement traditional clinic enrollment. This study evaluates the cost and efficacy of four supplemental recruitment methods employed by the Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study. METHODS After enrolling 2304 patients from University of Pennsylvania ophthalmology clinics, the POAAGG study implemented four new recruitment methods to supplement clinic enrollment. These methods included: 1) outreach in the local community, 2) in-house screening of community members ("in-reach"), 3) expansion to two external sites, and 4) sampling of the Penn Medicine Biobank. The cost per subject was calculated for each method and enrollment among cases, controls, and suspects was reported. RESULTS The biobank offered the lowest cost ($5/subject) and highest enrollment yield (n = 2073) of the four methods, but provided very few glaucoma cases (n = 31). External sites provided 88% of cases recruited from the four methods (n = 388; $85/subject), but case enrollment at these sites declined over the next 9 months as the pool of eligible subjects was depleted. Outreach and in-reach screenings of community members were very high cost for low return on enrollment ($569/subject for 102 subjects and $606/subject for 45 subjects, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The biobank offered the most cost-effective method for control enrollment, while expansion to external sites was necessary to recruit richly phenotyped cases. These recruitment methods helped the POAAGG study to exceed enrollment of the discovery cohort (n = 5500) 6 months in advance of the predicated deadline and could be adopted by other large genetic studies seeking to supplement clinic enrollment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Salowe
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Laura O’Keefe
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Sayaka Merriam
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Roy Lee
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Naira Khachatryan
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Prithvi Sankar
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | | | - Amanda Lehman
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Victoria Addis
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Henderer
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Maureen Maguire
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Joan O’Brien
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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26
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Melin BS, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Wrensch MR, Johansen C, Il'yasova D, Kinnersley B, Ostrom QT, Labreche K, Chen Y, Armstrong G, Liu Y, Eckel-Passow JE, Decker PA, Labussière M, Idbaih A, Hoang-Xuan K, Di Stefano AL, Mokhtari K, Delattre JY, Broderick P, Galan P, Gousias K, Schramm J, Schoemaker MJ, Fleming SJ, Herms S, Heilmann S, Nöthen MM, Wichmann HE, Schreiber S, Swerdlow A, Lathrop M, Simon M, Sanson M, Andersson U, Rajaraman P, Chanock S, Linet M, Wang Z, Yeager M, Wiencke JK, Hansen H, McCoy L, Rice T, Kosel ML, Sicotte H, Amos CI, Bernstein JL, Davis F, Lachance D, Lau C, Merrell RT, Shildkraut J, Ali-Osman F, Sadetzki S, Scheurer M, Shete S, Lai RK, Claus EB, Olson SH, Jenkins RB, Houlston RS, Bondy ML. Genome-wide association study of glioma subtypes identifies specific differences in genetic susceptibility to glioblastoma and non-glioblastoma tumors. Nat Genet 2017; 49:789-794. [PMID: 28346443 PMCID: PMC5558246 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have transformed our understanding of glioma susceptibility, but individual studies have had limited power to identify risk loci. We performed a meta-analysis of existing GWAS and two new GWAS, which totaled 12,496 cases and 18,190 controls. We identified five new loci for glioblastoma (GBM) at 1p31.3 (rs12752552; P = 2.04 × 10-9, odds ratio (OR) = 1.22), 11q14.1 (rs11233250; P = 9.95 × 10-10, OR = 1.24), 16p13.3 (rs2562152; P = 1.93 × 10-8, OR = 1.21), 16q12.1 (rs10852606; P = 1.29 × 10-11, OR = 1.18) and 22q13.1 (rs2235573; P = 1.76 × 10-10, OR = 1.15), as well as eight loci for non-GBM tumors at 1q32.1 (rs4252707; P = 3.34 × 10-9, OR = 1.19), 1q44 (rs12076373; P = 2.63 × 10-10, OR = 1.23), 2q33.3 (rs7572263; P = 2.18 × 10-10, OR = 1.20), 3p14.1 (rs11706832; P = 7.66 × 10-9, OR = 1.15), 10q24.33 (rs11598018; P = 3.39 × 10-8, OR = 1.14), 11q21 (rs7107785; P = 3.87 × 10-10, OR = 1.16), 14q12 (rs10131032; P = 5.07 × 10-11, OR = 1.33) and 16p13.3 (rs3751667; P = 2.61 × 10-9, OR = 1.18). These data substantiate that genetic susceptibility to GBM and non-GBM tumors are highly distinct, which likely reflects different etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark and Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Karim Labreche
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Yanwen Chen
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Georgina Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeanette E Eckel-Passow
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marianne Labussière
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Khe Hoang-Xuan
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Anna-Luisa Di Stefano
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Delattre
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Peter Broderick
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Pilar Galan
- Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U557, INRA U1125, CNAM, Paris, France
| | | | - Johannes Schramm
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Minouk J Schoemaker
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Sarah J Fleming
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stefan Herms
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Heinz-Erich Wichmann
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Epidemiology I, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- 1st Medical Department, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Génome Québec, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthias Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc Sanson
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | | | - Preetha Rajaraman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Martha Linet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Helen Hansen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lucie McCoy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Terri Rice
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Matthew L Kosel
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hugues Sicotte
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Faith Davis
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dan Lachance
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ching Lau
- Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan T Merrell
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Joellen Shildkraut
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Francis Ali-Osman
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas Maryland Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rose K Lai
- Departments of Neurology and Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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27
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Johansen C, Schüz J, Andreasen AMS, Dalton SO. Study designs may influence results: the problems with questionnaire-based case-control studies on the epidemiology of glioma. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:841-848. [PMID: 28267708 PMCID: PMC5379153 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a rare brain tumour with a very poor prognosis and the search for modifiable factors is intense. We reviewed the literature concerning risk factors for glioma obtained in case-control designed epidemiological studies in order to discuss the influence of this methodology on the observed results. When reviewing the association between three exposures, medical radiation, exogenous hormone use and allergy, we critically appraised the evidence from both case-control and cohort studies. For medical radiation and hormone replacement therapy (HRT), questionnaire-based case-control studies appeared to show an inverse association, whereas nested case-control and cohort studies showed no association. For allergies, the inverse association was observed irrespective of study design. We recommend that the questionnaire-based case-control design be placed lower in the hierarchy of studies for establishing cause-and-effect for diseases such as glioma. We suggest that a state-of-the-art case-control study should, as a minimum, be accompanied by extensive validation of the exposure assessment methods and the representativeness of the study sample with regard to the exposures of interest. Otherwise, such studies cannot be regarded as 'hypothesis testing' but only 'hypothesis generating'. We consider that this holds true for all questionnaire-based case-control studies on cancer and other chronic diseases, although perhaps not to the same extent for each exposure-outcome combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Johansen
- Oncology Clinic, Finsen Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Unit of Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | | | - Susanne Oksbjerg Dalton
- Unit of Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Wang L, Li G, Liu N, Wang Z, Xu X, Qi J, Ren D, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Tu Y. Genetic variants of SOX9 contribute to susceptibility of gliomas among Chinese population. Oncotarget 2016; 7:65916-65922. [PMID: 27589569 PMCID: PMC5323202 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas make up about 80% of all malignant brain tumors, and cause serious public health problem. Genetic factors and environmental factors jointly caused the development of gliomas, and understanding of the genetic basis is a key component of preventive oncology. However, most genetic factors underlying carcinogenesis of gliomas remain largely unclear. In current study, we systematically evaluated whether genetic variants of SOX9 gene, a transcription factor that plays a central role in the development and differentiation of tumors, contribute to susceptibility of gliomas among Chinese population using a two-stage, case-control study. Results showed that SOX9 rs1042667 was significant associated with increased gliomas risk after adjusted by age, gender, family history of cancer, smoking status and alcohol status (Allele C vs A: OR=1.25; 95% CI=1.11-1.40; P=1.2×10-4). Compared with the carriers of genotype AA, both those of genotype AC (OR=1.37; 95% CI=1.13-1.66) and CC (OR=1.53; 95% CI=1.22-1.91) had significantly increased gliomas risk. This should be the first genetic association study which aims to evaluated the association between genetic variants of SOX9 and susceptibility of gliomas. Additional functional and association studies with different ethnic groups included are needed to further confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Xiaoshan Xu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Jing Qi
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Dongni Ren
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Pengxing Zhang
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Department of Administrative, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Yanyang Tu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
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29
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Wang SS, Lacey JV. Invited Commentary: E Pluribus Unum for Epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 183:92-4. [PMID: 26656477 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this issue of the Journal, Amirian et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2016;183(2):85-91) present a report from the Genetic Epidemiology of Glioma International Consortium (GLIOGENE Consortium), a new international consortium of glioma case-control studies. This report is noteworthy, because the GLIOGENE Consortium represents a new generation of epidemiologic consortia. GLIOGENE investigators have created an infrastructure that addresses important limitations of first-generation consortia efforts, which comprised a posteriori harmonization of exposure data and the inclusion of studies that did not include the same--or any--exposure data. As with these first-generation consortia efforts, the GLIOGENE Consortium embraces the primary importance of sample size, and to achieve that, the consortium tolerates different study designs that permit heterogeneity in case and control ascertainment. In contrast, however, the consortium's Glioma International Case-Control (GICC) Study incorporates systematic collection of exposure data from both cases and controls to facilitate downstream evaluation of exposure associations and gene-environment interactions. The described GICC Study thus serves as a model for future epidemiologic efforts that reflects a paradigm shift whereby studies are now being conducted with the expectation of downstream collaboration, thus demanding coordination and harmonization of apparently independent efforts at the time of study initiation rather than at study completion.
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30
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Melin BS, Bondy ML. Melin and Bondy Respond to "E Pluribus Unum for Epidemiology". Am J Epidemiol 2016; 183:95. [PMID: 26656479 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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