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Wu N, Sun Y, Qiu T, Liu J, Cao Y, Zang T, Fan X, Bai J, Huang J, Liu Y. Associations of nighttime light exposure during pregnancy with maternal and neonatal gut microbiota: A cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168292. [PMID: 37924882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nighttime light (NTL) pollution has been reported as a risk factor for human health. However, the relationship between NTL and gut microbiota has not been reported in pregnant women and neonates. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between NTL and gut microbial diversity and composition in mothers and their neonates. METHODS This study analyzed 44 mothers and 28 newborns. The composition of gut microbiota was evaluated using 16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing. The monthly mean NTL exposure during pregnancy was respectively calculated based on each participant's residential address (NTLpoint) and a concentric 1 km radius buffer zone around their address (NTL1000m). The relationships between NTL exposure and gut microbiota of mothers and newborns were assessed using generalized linear models. RESULTS NTL exposure during pregnancy was not associated with alpha diversity of mothers or neonates. For mothers, results revealed that after adjusting for covariates, NTLpoint was negatively correlated with Prevotella_2 (p = 0.004, FDR-adjusted p = 0.030) and norank_o__Gastranaerophilales (p = 0.018, FDR-adjusted p = 0.049) at the genus level. In addition, Lachnospira (p = 0.036, FDR-adjusted p = 0.052) and Coprococcus_3 (p = 0.025, FDR-adjusted p = 0.052) were positively correlated with NTLpoint. The association between Coprococcus_3 (p = 0.01, FDR-adjusted p = 0.046) and NTLpoint persisted even after controlling for covariates. For neonates, Thauera was positively associated with NTLpoint (p = 0.015) and NTL1000m (p = 0.028), however, after adjusting for covariates and FDR correction, Thauera was not significantly associated with NTLpoint and NTL1000m. CONCLUSIONS This study found that NTL exposure was associated with maternal gut microbiota composition. Our findings provide a foundation for the potential impact of NTL exposure on maternal gut microbiota from a microbiological perspective. More population-based validation of the effects of NTL exposure on human gut microbiota is needed in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Wu
- Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tianlai Qiu
- Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yanan Cao
- Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Tianzi Zang
- Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Center for Women's and Children's Health, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China.
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Modrego J, Ortega-Hernández A, Goirigolzarri J, Restrepo-Córdoba MA, Bäuerl C, Cortés-Macías E, Sánchez-González S, Esteban-Fernández A, Pérez-Villacastín J, Collado MC, Gómez-Garre D. Gut Microbiota and Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Are Linked to Evolution of Heart Failure Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13892. [PMID: 37762194 PMCID: PMC10530267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of direct evidence regarding gut microbiota dysbiosis and changes in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in heart failure (HF) patients. We sought to assess any association between gut microbiota composition, SCFA production, clinical parameters, and the inflammatory profile in a cohort of newly diagnosed HF patients. In this longitudinal prospective study, we enrolled eighteen newly diagnosed HF patients. At admission and after 12 months, blood samples were collected for the assessment of proinflammatory cytokines, monocyte populations, and endothelial dysfunction, and stool samples were collected for analysis of gut microbiota composition and quantification of SCFAs. Twelve months after the initial HF episode, patients demonstrated improved clinical parameters and reduced inflammatory state and endothelial dysfunction. This favorable evolution was associated with a reversal of microbiota dysbiosis, consisting of the increment of health-related bacteria, such as genus Bifidobacterium, and levels of SCFAs, mainly butyrate. Furthermore, there was a decrease in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. In vitro, fecal samples collected after 12 months of follow-up exhibited lower inflammation than samples collected at admission. In conclusion, the favorable progression of HF patients after the initial episode was linked to the reversal of gut microbiota dysbiosis and increased SCFA production, particularly butyrate. Whether restoring butyrate levels or promoting the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria could serve as a complementary treatment for these patients deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Modrego
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Adriana Ortega-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
| | - Josebe Goirigolzarri
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
| | - María Alejandra Restrepo-Córdoba
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
| | - Christine Bäuerl
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Erika Cortés-Macías
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Silvia Sánchez-González
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
| | | | - Julián Pérez-Villacastín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Interhospitalaria Cardiovascular, 28008 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen Collado
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Ullah Goraya M, Li R, Gu L, Deng H, Wang G. Blood Stream Microbiota Dysbiosis Establishing New Research Standards in Cardio-Metabolic Diseases, A Meta-Analysis Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030777. [PMID: 36985350 PMCID: PMC10052040 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Scientists have recently discovered a link between the circulating microbiome and homeostasis, as well as the pathogenesis of a number of metabolic diseases. It has been demonstrated that low-grade chronic inflammation is one of the primary mechanisms that has long been implicated in the risk of cardio-metabolic disease (CMDs) and its progression. Currently, the dysbiosis of circulating bacteria is considered as a key regulator for chronic inflammation in CMDs, which is why we have conducted this systemic review focused on circulating bacterial dysbiosis. METHODS A systemic review of clinical and research-based studies was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science. Literature was considered for risk of bias and patterns of intervention effects. A randomized effect model was used to evaluate the dysbiosis of circulating microbiota and clinical outcomes. We conducted a meta-analysis considering the circulating bacteria in both healthy people and people with cardio-metabolic disorders, in reports published mainly from 2008 to 2022, according to the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS We searched 627 studies and, after completing the risk of bias and selection, 31 studies comprising of 11,132 human samples were considered. This meta-analysis found that dysbiosis of phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes was associated with metabolic diseases. CONCLUSIONS In most instances, metabolic diseases are linked to higher diversity and elevated bacterial DNA levels. Bacteroides abundance was higher in healthy people than with metabolic disorders. However, more rigorous studies are required to determine the role of bacterial dysbiosis in cardio-metabolic diseases. Understanding the relationship between dysbiosis and cardio-metabolic diseases, we can use the bacteria as therapeutics for the reversal of dysbiosis and targets for therapeutics use in cardio-metabolic diseases. In the future, circulating bacterial signatures can be used as biomarkers for the early detection of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Li
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (G.W.)
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Wang T, Zhang L, Liu Y, Li J, Chen G, Zhou H, Yu L, Wan Z, Dong C, Qin L, Chen J. Combined Exposure to Multiple Metals and Kidney Function in a Midlife and Elderly Population in China: A Prospective Cohort Study. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11030274. [PMID: 36977039 PMCID: PMC10051264 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
[Background] Metal exposure is suspected to be correlated to kidney function. However, the combined effects of co-exposing to multiple metals, especially both toxic and protective metals, have not been completely evaluated. [Method] A prospective cohort study was conducted with the "135" cohort for the evaluation of how plasma metal levels are correlated to kidney function in a midlife and elderly community in southern China. An amount of 1368 subjects without kidney disease at baseline were enrolled in the final analysis. By using linear regression and logistic regression models, the correlation of individual metal values with renal function parameters was assessed. Measuring of the multiple metal exposure level was performed by principal component analysis (PCA). [Results] Diminished renal function, as evaluated based on fast kidney function decline, or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, was positively associated with the plasma concentrations of chromium and potassium, but it was negatively associated with selenium and iron (p < 0.05). In multiple-metal analyses, linear and logistic regression models showed that the iron and chromium exposure pattern had a protective effect on renal function, whereas the sodium and potassium exposure pattern and the cadmium and lead exposure pattern increased the risk for fast kidney function decline, and eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. [Conclusions] Certain metals, including chromium, potassium, selenium, and iron, were correlated with kidney function in a midlife and elderly community in China. In addition, the potential combined influences of co-exposing to multiple metals were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Li
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Guochong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215021, China
| | - Lugang Yu
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215021, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liqiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Cheng HS, Tan SP, Wong DMK, Koo WLY, Wong SH, Tan NS. The Blood Microbiome and Health: Current Evidence, Controversies, and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065633. [PMID: 36982702 PMCID: PMC10059777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood is conventionally thought to be sterile. However, emerging evidence on the blood microbiome has started to challenge this notion. Recent reports have revealed the presence of genetic materials of microbes or pathogens in the blood circulation, leading to the conceptualization of a blood microbiome that is vital for physical wellbeing. Dysbiosis of the blood microbial profile has been implicated in a wide range of health conditions. Our review aims to consolidate recent findings about the blood microbiome in human health and to highlight the existing controversies, prospects, and challenges around this topic. Current evidence does not seem to support the presence of a core healthy blood microbiome. Common microbial taxa have been identified in some diseases, for instance, Legionella and Devosia in kidney impairment, Bacteroides in cirrhosis, Escherichia/Shigella and Staphylococcus in inflammatory diseases, and Janthinobacterium in mood disorders. While the presence of culturable blood microbes remains debatable, their genetic materials in the blood could potentially be exploited to improve precision medicine for cancers, pregnancy-related complications, and asthma by augmenting patient stratification. Key controversies in blood microbiome research are the susceptibility of low-biomass samples to exogenous contamination and undetermined microbial viability from NGS-based microbial profiling, however, ongoing initiatives are attempting to mitigate these issues. We also envisage future blood microbiome research to adopt more robust and standardized approaches, to delve into the origins of these multibiome genetic materials and to focus on host–microbe interactions through the elaboration of causative and mechanistic relationships with the aid of more accurate and powerful analytical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sheng Cheng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (S.H.W.); (N.S.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6904-1294; Fax: +65-6339-2889
| | - Sin Pei Tan
- Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Jalan Mutiara Emas Utama, Taman Mount Austin, Johor Bahru 81100, Malaysia
| | - David Meng Kit Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Wei Ling Yolanda Koo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Sunny Hei Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (S.H.W.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (S.H.W.); (N.S.T.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Potential Medium between Depletion of Lachnospiraceae Genera and Hypertension under a High-Calorie Diet. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0234922. [PMID: 36250859 PMCID: PMC9769594 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02349-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial dysbiosis has been associated with hypertension. An extremely high incidence of essential hypertension was found in the Han and the Yugur people who resided in Sunan County in China's nomadic steppes, with little population movement. To investigate gut microbial contributions to this high incidence of hypertension, we recruited a total of 1, 242 Yugur and Han people, who had resided in Sunan County for more than 15 years and accounted for 3% of the local population. The epidemiological survey of 1,089 individuals indicated their nearly 1.8-times-higher prevalence of hypertension (38.2 to 43.3%) than the average in China (23.2%), under a special high-calorie diet based on wheat, cattle, mutton, and animal offal. Investigations of the fecal microbiota of another cohort of 153 individuals revealed that certain Lachnospiraceae genera were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) but negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). HDL-C was negatively correlated with SBP and DBP. We further observed that the serum butyrate content was lower in both Han and Yugur people with hypertension than in those without hypertension. This study gives novel insight into the role of gut microbial dysbiosis in hypertension modulation under a high-calorie diet, where the notable depletion of Lachnospiraceae genera might lead to less production of butyrate, contributing to the lower level of HDL-C and elevating blood pressure in hypertension. IMPORTANCE Dietary nutrients can be converted by the gut microbiota into metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, which may serve as disease-preventing agents in hypertension. Due to the limited population mobility and unique high-calorie dietary habits, the cohort of this study can serve as a representative cohort for elucidating the associations between the gut microbiota and hypertension under a high-calorie diet. Moreover, low levels of HDL-C have previously been associated with an increased risk of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Our findings provide new insight showing that low levels of HDL-C may be a potential medium between the depletion of Lachnospiraceae genera and hypertension under a high-calorie diet, which might also be a potential candidate for other CVDs.
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Tain YL, Hou CY, Chang-Chien GP, Lin S, Hsu CN. Perinatal Garlic Oil Supplementation Averts Rat Offspring Hypertension Programmed by Maternal Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:4624. [PMID: 36364887 PMCID: PMC9657312 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a functional food, having hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-releasing capacity, which exhibits considerable effects on hypertension and gut microbiota. H2S is strongly associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Maternal CKD leads to hypertension in adult rat progeny, which was linked to disruption of the gut microbiota. This study validated the benefits of perinatal garlic oil supplementation against offspring hypertension induced by maternal CKD via modulation of H2S signaling, nitric oxide (NO), and the gut microbiota. Before pregnancy, female rats received a 0.5% adenine diet for 3 weeks to develop an animal model to mimic human CKD. Garlic oil (100 mg/kg/day) or vehicle was administered to pregnant rats by oral gavage during gestation and lactation. Perinatal garlic oil supplementation protected against maternal CKD-induced hypertension in offspring at 12 weeks of age. The beneficial effects of garlic oil are associated with enhanced H2S signaling, increased NO bioavailability, and shifts in gut microbiota. Perinatal garlic oil supplementation reduces abundance of genera Variovorax, Nocardia, Sphingomonas, and Rhodococcus. Our findings provide insight into the role of early H2S-targeted intervention as a preventive strategy in hypertension for further translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Ping Chang-Chien
- Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Sufan Lin
- Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Human Blood Bacteriome: Eubiotic and Dysbiotic States in Health and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132015. [PMID: 35805098 PMCID: PMC9265464 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome is acknowledged as being associated with homeostasis and the pathogenesis of several diseases. Conventional culture techniques are limited in that they cannot culture the commensals; however, next-generation sequencing has facilitated the discovery of the diverse and delicate microbial relationship in body sites and blood. Increasing evidence regarding the blood microbiome has revolutionized the concept of sterility and germ theory in circulation. Among the types of microbial communities in the blood, bacteriomes associated with many health conditions have been thoroughly investigated. Blood bacterial profiles in healthy subjects are identified as the eubiotic blood bacteriome, whereas the dysbiotic blood bacteriome represents the change in bacterial characteristics in subjects with diseases showing deviations from the eubiotic profiles. The blood bacterial characteristics in each study are heterogeneous; thus, the association between eubiotic and dysbiotic blood bacteriomes and health and disease is still debatable. Thereby, this review aims to summarize and discuss the evidence concerning eubiotic and dysbiotic blood bacteriomes characterized by next-generation sequencing in human studies. Knowledge pertaining to the blood bacteriome will transform the concepts around health and disease in humans, facilitating clinical implementation in the near future.
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