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Xu Y, Han Y, Chen W, Chatzidiakou L, Yan L, Krause A, Li Y, Zhang H, Wang T, Xue T, Chan Q, Barratt B, Jones RL, Liu J, Wu Y, Zhao M, Zhang J, Kelly FJ, Zhu T. Susceptibility of hypertensive individuals to acute blood pressure increases in response to personal-level environmental temperature decrease. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108567. [PMID: 38460242 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental temperature is negatively associated with blood pressure (BP), and hypertension may exacerbate this association. The aim of this study is to investigate whether hypertensive individuals are more susceptible to acute BP increases following temperature decrease than non-hypertensive individuals. METHODS The study panel consisted of 126 hypertensive and 125 non-hypertensive (n = 251) elderly participants who completed 940 clinical visits during the winter of 2016 and summer of 2017 in Beijing, China. Personal-level environmental temperature (PET) was continuously monitored for each participant with a portable sensor platform. We associated systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) with the average PET over 24 h before clinical visits using linear mixed-effects models and explored hourly lag patterns for the associations using distributed lag models. RESULTS We found that per 1 °C decrease in PET, hypertensive individuals showed an average (95 % confidence interval) increase of 0.96 (0.72, 1.19) and 0.28 (0.13, 0.42) mmHg for SBP and DBP, respectively; and non-hypertensive participants showed significantly smaller increases of 0.28 (0.03, 0.53) mmHg SBP and 0.14 (-0.01, 0.30) mmHg DBP. A lag pattern analysis showed that for hypertensive individuals, the increases in SBP and DBP were greatest following lag 1 h PET decrease and gradually attenuated up to lag 10 h exposure. No significant BP change was observed in non-hypertensive individuals associated with lag 1-24 h PET exposure. The enhanced increase in PET-associated BP in hypertensive participants (i.e., susceptibility) was more significant in winter than in summer. CONCLUSIONS We found that a decrease in environmental temperature was associated with acute BP increases and these associations diminished over time, disappearing after approximately 10 hours. This implies that any intervention measures to prevent BP increases due to temperature drop should be implemented as soon as possible. Such timely interventions are particularly needed for hypertensive individuals especially during the cold season due to their increased susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Han
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wu Chen
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lia Chatzidiakou
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Li Yan
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anika Krause
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Yilin Li
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Hanbin Zhang
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Teng Wang
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Queenie Chan
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ben Barratt
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Roderic L Jones
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yangfeng Wu
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Meiping Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Frank J Kelly
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Tong Zhu
- BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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2
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Toffoli B, Tonon F, Giudici F, Ferretti T, Ghirigato E, Contessa M, Francica M, Candido R, Puato M, Grillo A, Fabris B, Bernardi S. Preliminary Study on the Effect of a Night Shift on Blood Pressure and Clock Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119309. [PMID: 37298261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Night shift work has been found to be associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. One of the underlying mechanisms seems to be that shift work promotes hypertension, but results have been variable. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of internists with the aim of performing a paired analysis of 24 h blood pressure in the same physicians working a day shift and then a night shift, and a paired analysis of clock gene expression after a night of rest and a night of work. Each participant wore an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) twice. The first time was for a 24 h period that included a 12 h day shift (08.00-20.00) and a night of rest. The second time was for a 30 h period that included a day of rest, a night shift (20.00-08.00), and a subsequent period of rest (08.00-14.00). Subjects underwent fasting blood sampling twice: after the night of rest and after the night shift. Night shift work significantly increased night systolic blood pressure (SBP), night diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) and decreased their respective nocturnal decline. Clock gene expression increased after the night shift. There was a direct association between night blood pressure and clock gene expression. Night shifts lead to an increase in blood pressure, non-dipping status, and circadian rhythm misalignment. Blood pressure is associated with clock genes and circadian rhythm misalignement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Toffoli
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Tonon
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabiola Giudici
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ferretti
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Ghirigato
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Matilde Contessa
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Morena Francica
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Candido
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- SC Patologie Diabetiche, ASUGI, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Massimo Puato
- SSD Angiologia e Fisiologia Clinica Vascolare Multidisciplinare Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Grillo
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- UCO Medicina Clinica, ASUGI Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bruno Fabris
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- UCO Medicina Clinica, ASUGI Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stella Bernardi
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- UCO Medicina Clinica, ASUGI Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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3
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Nilles EK, Champon X, Mulder H, Shaw KM, Smith M, Lampron ZM, Wozniak G, Chamberlain AM, Carton T, Viera AJ, Ahmad FS, Steinberg BA, Chuang CH, Mctigue KM, McClay JC, Polonsky TS, Maeztu C, Sanders M, Warren N, Singh R, Liu M, VanWormer JJ, Park S, Modrow MF, Rakotz M, Cooper-Dehoff RM, Pletcher MJ, O'Brien EC. Seasonal variation in blood pressure control across US health systems. J Hypertens 2023; 41:751-758. [PMID: 36883471 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterize seasonal variation in US population-based blood pressure (BP) control and BP-related metrics and evaluate the association between outdoor temperature and BP control variation. METHODS We queried electronic health records (EHRs) from 26 health systems, representing 21 states, to summarize BP metrics by quarters of 12-month periods from January 2017 to March 2020. Patients with at least one ambulatory visit during the measurement period and a hypertension diagnosis during the first 6 months or prior to the measurement period were included. Changes in BP control, BP improvement, medication intensification, average SBP reduction after medication intensification across quarters and association with outdoor temperature were analyzed using weighted generalized linear models with repeated measures. RESULTS Among 1 818 041 people with hypertension, the majority were more than 65 years of age (52.2%), female (52.1%), white non-Hispanic (69.8%) and had stage 1/2 hypertension (64.8%). Overall, BP control and process metrics were highest in quarters 2 and 3, and lowest in quarters 1 and 4. Quarter 2 had the highest percentage of improved BP (31.95 ± 0.90%) and average SBP reduction after medication intensification (16 ± 0.23 mmHg). Quarter 3 had the highest percentage of BP controlled (62.25 ± 2.55%) and lowest with medication intensification (9.73 ± 0.60%). Results were largely consistent in adjusted models. Average temperature was associated with BP control metrics in unadjusted models, but associations were attenuated following adjustment. CONCLUSION In this large, national, EHR-based study, BP control and BP-related process metrics improved during spring/summer months, but outdoor temperature was not associated with performance following adjustment for potential confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Kim Nilles
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - XiaoXia Champon
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hillary Mulder
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kathryn M Shaw
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Myra Smith
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Zachary M Lampron
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Alanna M Chamberlain
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Thomas Carton
- Louisiana Public Health Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Anthony J Viera
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Faraz S Ahmad
- Departments of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Kathleen M Mctigue
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Tamar S Polonsky
- Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Carlos Maeztu
- Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Margaret Sanders
- Louisiana Public Health Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | | | - Mei Liu
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jeffrey J VanWormer
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield, Wisconsin
| | - Soo Park
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Rhonda M Cooper-Dehoff
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mark J Pletcher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Emily C O'Brien
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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4
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Khan MI, Rasheed Z. Ambient Temperature and Cardiac Biomarkers: A Meta-Analysis. Curr Cardiol Rev 2023; 19:82-92. [PMID: 37539936 PMCID: PMC10636793 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x19666230804095744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study quantified the effect of cold or heat exposure of ambient temperature on the alteration of well-known cardiac markers. A meta-analysis was performed using the PRISMA guidelines. Peer-reviewed studies on ambient temperature and cardiac biomarkers were retrieved from MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar from January 2000 to February 2022. The pooled effect sizes of ambient temperature on cardiac biomarkers c-reactive protein, soluble-cell adhesion-molecule-1, soluble-intercellular-adhesion-molecule-1, total cholesterol, low-densitylipoprotein, interleukin-6, B-type-Natriuretic-Peptide; systolic/diastolic blood pressure were quantified using a random-effects meta-analysis. A total of 26 articles were included in the metaanalysis after screening the titles, abstracts and full texts. The pooled results for a 1°C decrease of ambient temperature showed an increase of 0.31% (95% CI= 0.26 to 0.38) in cardiac biomarkers (p=0.00; I-squared=99.2%; Cochran's Q=5636.8). In contrast, the pooled results for a 1°C increase in ambient temperature showed an increase of 2.03% (95% CI= 1.08 to 3.82) in cardiac biomarkers (p=0.00; I-squared=95.7%; Cochran's Q=235.2). In the cardiovascular (CV) population, the percent increase in cardiac biomarkers levels due to a decrease/increase in ambient temperature was greater. This study showed the decrease/increase in ambient temperature has a direct correlation with the alterations in cardiac biomarkers. These findings are useful for managing temperatureassociated cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ismail Khan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Buraidah, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Abstract
The reality of life in modern times is that our internal circadian rhythms are often out of alignment with the light/dark cycle of the external environment. This is known as circadian disruption, and a wealth of epidemiological evidence shows that it is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease remains the top cause of death in the United States, and kidney disease in particular is a tremendous public health burden that contributes to cardiovascular deaths. There is an urgent need for new treatments for kidney disease; circadian rhythm-based therapies may be of potential benefit. The goal of this Review is to summarize the existing data that demonstrate a connection between circadian rhythm disruption and renal impairment in humans. Specifically, we will focus on chronic kidney disease, lupus nephritis, hypertension, and aging. Importantly, the relationship between circadian dysfunction and pathophysiology is thought to be bidirectional. Here we discuss the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying circadian dysfunction in diseases of the kidney. Finally, we provide a brief overview of potential circadian rhythm-based interventions that could provide benefit in renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Mohandas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology.,Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
| | | | - Yogesh Scindia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine.,Department of Pathology, and
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology.,Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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6
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Bock JM, Vungarala S, Covassin N, Somers VK. Sleep Duration and Hypertension: Epidemiological Evidence and Underlying Mechanisms. Am J Hypertens 2022; 35:3-11. [PMID: 34536276 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpab146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
While the contribution of several physiological systems to arterial blood pressure regulation has been studied extensively, the role of normal and disrupted sleep as a modifiable determinant of blood pressure control, and in the pathophysiology of hypertension, has only recently emerged. Several sleep disorders, including sleep apnea and insomnia, are thought to contribute to the development of hypertension, although less attention is paid to the relationship between sleep duration and blood pressure independent of sleep disorders per se. Accordingly, this review focuses principally on the physiology of sleep and the consequences of abnormal sleep duration both experimentally and at the population level. Clinical implications for patients with insomnia who may or may not have abbreviated sleep duration are explored. As a corollary, we further review studies of the effects of sleep extension on blood pressure regulation. We also discuss epidemiological evidence suggesting that long sleep may also be associated with hypertension and describe the parabolic relationship between total sleep time and blood pressure. We conclude by highlighting gaps in the literature regarding the potential role of gut microbial health in the cross-communication of lifestyle patterns (exercise, diet, and sleep) with blood pressure regulation. Additionally, we discuss populations at increased risk of short sleep, and specifically the need to understand mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities in women, pregnancy, the elderly, and in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Bock
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Soumya Vungarala
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Naima Covassin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Virend K Somers
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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7
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Aging disrupts the temporal organization of antioxidant defenses in the heart of male rats and phase shifts circadian rhythms of systolic blood pressure. Biogerontology 2021; 22:603-621. [PMID: 34554336 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-021-09938-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aging is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and oxidative stress is a key element responsible for the development of age-related pathologies. In addition, the alteration of circadian rhythms also contributes to cardiovascular pathology, but the underlying mechanisms are not well defined. We investigated the aging consequences on the temporal patterns of antioxidant defenses, the molecular clock machinery, and the blood pressure, in the heart of male rats maintained under constant darkness (free running) conditions. Male Holtzman rats from young adult (3-month-old) and older (22-month-old) groups were maintained under constant darkness (12-h dark:12-h dark, DD) condition during fifteen days before the experiment. After the DD period, heart ventricle samples were isolated every 4-h throughout a 24-h period. We observed circadian rhythms of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mRNA expression, as well as ultradian rhythms of Nrf2 mRNA levels, in the heart of young adult rats. We also found circadian oscillations of CAT and GPx enzymatic activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) and BMAL1 protein in the same group. Interestingly, aging abolished the rhythms of CAT and GPx enzymatic activities, phase-shifted the rhythm's acrophases of GSH and BMAL1 protein levels and turned circadian the ultradian oscillation of Nrf2 expression. Moreover, aging phase-shifted the circadian pattern of systolic blood pressure. In conclusion, aging modifies the temporal organization of antioxidant defenses and blood pressure, probably, as a consequence of a disruption in the circadian rhythm of the clock's transcriptional regulator, BMAL1, in heart.
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Abstract
Sleep is essential for healthy being and healthy functioning of human body as a whole, as well as each organ and system. Sleep disorders, such as sleep-disordered breathing, insomnia, sleep fragmentation, and sleep deprivation are associated with the deterioration in human body functioning and increased cardiovascular risks. However, owing to the complex regulation and heterogeneous state sleep per se can be associated with cardiovascular dysfunction in susceptible subjects. The understanding of sleep as a multidimensional concept is important for better prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Korostovtseva
- Sleep Laboratory, Research Department for Hypertension, Department for Cardiology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratov Street, St Petersburg 197341, Russia.
| | - Mikhail Bochkarev
- Sleep Laboratory, Research Department for Hypertension, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratov Street, St Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Yurii Sviryaev
- Research Department for Hypertension, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratov Street, St Petersburg 197341, Russia
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9
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Murata Y, Ueno T, Tanaka S, Kobayashi H, Okamura M, Hemmi S, Fuke Y, Matsumoto Y, Abe M, Fukuda N. Identification of Clock Genes Related to Hypertension in Kidney From Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:1136-1145. [PMID: 33463674 PMCID: PMC7814221 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a diurnal variation in the blood pressure fluctuation of hypertension, and blood pressure fluctuation abnormality is considered to be an independent risk factor for organ damage including cardiovascular complications. In the current study, we tried to identify molecules responsible for blood pressure circadian rhythm formation under the control of the kidney biological clock in hypertension. METHODS DNA microarray analysis was performed in kidneys from 5-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs)/Izm, stroke-prone SHR rats (SHRSP)/Izm, and Wistar Kyoto (WKY)/Izm rats. To detect variation, mouse tubular epithelial cells (TCMK-1) were stimulated with dexamethasone. We performed immunostaining and western blot analysis in the renal medulla of kidney from 5-week-old WKY rats and SHRs. RESULTS We extracted 1,032 genes with E-box, a binding sequence for BMAL1 and CLOCK using a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. In a microarray analysis, we identified 12 genes increased as more than 2-fold in the kidneys of SHRs and SHRSP in comparison to WKY rats. In a periodic regression analysis, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (Ppat) and fragile X mental retardation, autosomal homolog 1 (Fxr1) showed circadian rhythm. Immunocytochemistry revealed PPAT-positivity in nuclei and cytoplasm in the tubules, and FXR1-positivity in the cytoplasm of TCMK-1. In 5-week-old WKY rat and SHR kidneys, PPAT was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the proximal and distal tubules, and FXR1 was localized to the cytoplasm of the proximal and distal tubules. CONCLUSIONS PPAT and FXR1 are pivotal molecules in the control of blood pressure circadian rhythm by the kidney in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Murata
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ueno
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Okamura
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Hemmi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Fuke
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Seasonal variation in blood pressure: Evidence, consensus and recommendations for clinical practice. Consensus statement by the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability. J Hypertens 2020; 38:1235-1243. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Abstract
The Earth turns on its axis every 24 h; almost all life on the planet has a mechanism - circadian rhythmicity - to anticipate the daily changes caused by this rotation. The molecular clocks that control circadian rhythms are being revealed as important regulators of physiology and disease. In humans, circadian rhythms have been studied extensively in the cardiovascular system. Many cardiovascular functions, such as endothelial function, thrombus formation, blood pressure and heart rate, are now known to be regulated by the circadian clock. Additionally, the onset of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, arrhythmias and other adverse cardiovascular events show circadian rhythmicity. In this Review, we summarize the role of the circadian clock in all major cardiovascular cell types and organs. Second, we discuss the role of circadian rhythms in cardiovascular physiology and disease. Finally, we postulate how circadian rhythms can serve as a therapeutic target by exploiting or altering molecular time to improve existing therapies and develop novel ones.
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12
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Abstract
Numerous physiological functions exhibit substantial circadian oscillations. In the kidneys, renal plasma flow, the glomerular filtration rate and tubular reabsorption and/or secretion processes have been shown to peak during the active phase and decline during the inactive phase. These functional rhythms are driven, at least in part, by a self-sustaining cellular mechanism termed the circadian clock. The circadian clock controls different cellular functions, including transcription, translation and protein post-translational modifications (such as phosphorylation, acetylation and ubiquitylation) and degradation. Disruption of the circadian clock in animal models results in the loss of blood pressure control and substantial changes in the circadian pattern of water and electrolyte excretion in the urine. Kidney-specific suppression of the circadian clock in animals implicates both the intrinsic renal and the extrarenal circadian clocks in these pathologies. Alterations in the circadian rhythm of renal functions are associated with the development of hypertension, chronic kidney disease, renal fibrosis and kidney stones. Furthermore, renal circadian clocks might interfere with the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of various drugs and are therefore an important consideration in the treatment of some renal diseases or disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Firsov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Olivier Bonny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Service of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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13
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Oliveira T, Marinho V, Carvalho V, Magalhães F, Rocha K, Ayres C, Teixeira S, Nunes M, Bastos VH, Pinto GR. Genetic polymorphisms associated with circadian rhythm dysregulation provide new perspectives on bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2018; 20:515-522. [PMID: 29441659 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to present a broad view of how genetic polymorphisms in genes that control the rhythmicity and function of circadian rhythm may influence the etiology, pathophysiology and treatment of bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS A bibliographic search was performed to identify and select papers reporting studies on variations in circadian genes and BD. A search of Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science was carried out to review the literature. RESULTS Several studies provide evidence of contributions of variations in circadian genes to disease etiology, pathophysiological variations and lithium drug response. Dysfunction of the sleep-wake cycle, an important brain function regulator, is indicated as the primary means by which circadian gene variations act in mood disorders. CONCLUSIONS Investigations of the effects of circadian genes have suggested that the chronotype offers hope for guiding and improving management of patients with BD. However, BD is a disease of a complex nature and presents multiple endophenotypes determined by different associations between genetics and the environment. Thus, new genomic studies to delimit variations that may help improve the clinical condition of these patients are extremely important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomaz Oliveira
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Victor Marinho
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Valécia Carvalho
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Francisco Magalhães
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Kaline Rocha
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Carla Ayres
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Silmar Teixeira
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Monara Nunes
- Brain Mapping and Functionality Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Bastos
- Brain Mapping and Functionality Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Giovanny R Pinto
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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14
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Douma LG, Gumz ML. Circadian clock-mediated regulation of blood pressure. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 119:108-114. [PMID: 29198725 PMCID: PMC5910276 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Most bodily functions vary over the course of a 24h day. Circadian rhythms in body temperature, sleep-wake cycles, metabolism, and blood pressure (BP) are just a few examples. These circadian rhythms are controlled by the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and peripheral clocks located throughout the body. Light and food cues entrain these clocks to the time of day and this synchronicity contributes to the regulation of a variety of physiological processes with effects on overall health. The kidney, brain, nervous system, vasculature, and heart have been identified through the use of mouse models and clinical trials as peripheral clock regulators of BP. The dysregulation of this circadian pattern of BP, with or without hypertension, is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The mechanism of this dysregulation is unknown and is a growing area of research. In this review, we highlight research of human and mouse circadian models that has provided insight into the roles of these molecular clocks and their effects on physiological functions. Additional tissue-specific studies of the molecular clock mechanism are needed, as well as clinical studies including more diverse populations (different races, female patients, etc.), which will be critical to fully understand the mechanism of circadian regulation of BP. Understanding how these molecular clocks regulate the circadian rhythm of BP is critical in the treatment of circadian BP dysregulation and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G Douma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
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15
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Sheng CS, Cheng YB, Wei FF, Yang WY, Guo QH, Li FK, Huang QF, Thijs L, Staessen JA, Wang JG, Li Y. Diurnal Blood Pressure Rhythmicity in Relation to Environmental and Genetic Cues in Untreated Referred Patients. Hypertension 2017; 69:128-135. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
No previous study has addressed the relative contributions of environmental and genetic cues to the diurnal blood pressure rhythmicity. From 24-hour ambulatory recordings of systolic blood pressure obtained in untreated patients (51% women; mean age, 51 years), we computed the night-to-day ratio in 897 and morning surge in 637. Environmental cues included season, mean daily outdoor temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity and weekday, and the genetic cues 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 10 clock genes. Systolic blood pressure averaged (±SD) 126.7±11.9 mm Hg, night-to-day ratio 0.86±0.07, and morning surge 24.8±10.7 mm Hg. In adjusted analyses, night-to-day ratio was 2.4% higher in summer and 1.8% lower in winter (
P
<0.001) compared with the annual average with a small effect of temperature (
P
=0.079); morning surge was 1.7 mm Hg lower in summer and 1.1 mm Hg higher in winter (
P
<0.001). The other environmental cues did not add to the night-to-day ratio or morning surge variance (
P
≥0.37). Among the 14 genetic variations, only
CLOCK
rs180260 was significantly associated with morning surge after adjustment for season, temperature, and other host factors and after Bonferroni correction (
P
=0.044). In
CLOCK
rs1801260
C
allele carriers (n=83), morning surge was 3.7 mm Hg higher than in
TT
homozygotes (n=554). Of the night-to-day ratio and morning surge variance, season and temperature explained ≈8% and ≈3%, while for genetic cues, these proportions were ≈1% or less. In conclusion, environmental compared with genetic cues are substantially stronger drivers of the diurnal blood pressure rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Sheng Sheng
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Yi-Bang Cheng
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Fang-Fei Wei
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Wen-Yi Yang
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Qian-Hui Guo
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Fei-Ka Li
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Qi-Fang Huang
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Lutgarde Thijs
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Jan A. Staessen
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Ji-Guang Wang
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
| | - Yan Li
- From the Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (C.-S.S., Y.-B.C., Q.-H.G., F.-K.L., Q.-F.H., J.-G.W., Y.L.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium (F.-F.W., W.-Y.Y., L
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16
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Wang Q, Li C, Guo Y, Barnett AG, Tong S, Phung D, Chu C, Dear K, Wang X, Huang C. Environmental ambient temperature and blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:276-286. [PMID: 27750133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although many individual studies have examined the association between temperature and blood pressure (BP), they used different methods and also their results were somewhat inconsistent. The aims of this study are to quantitatively summarize previous studies and to systematically assess the methodological issues to make recommendations for future research. METHODS We searched relevant empirical studies published before January 2016 concerning temperature and BP among adults using the MEDLINE, Embase and PubMed databases. Mean changes in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) per 1°C reduction in temperature were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 23 studies included, 14 were used for meta-analysis. Consistent, statistically significant, inverse associations were observed between ambient temperature (mean, maximum, minimum outdoor temperature and indoor temperature) and BP. An 1°C decrease in mean daily outdoor temperature was associated with an increase in SBP and DBP of 0.26mmHg (95% CI: 0.18-0.33) and 0.13 (95% CI: 0.11-0.16), respectively. The increase was greater in people with conditions related to cardiovascular disease. An 1°C decrease in indoor temperature was associated with 0.38mmHg (0.18-0.58) increase in SBP, while the effects on DBP were not estimated due to limited studies. Among the previous studies on temperature-BP relationship, temperature and BP measurements are not accurate enough and statistical methods need to be improved. CONCLUSIONS Lower ambient temperatures seem to increase adults' BP and people with conditions related to cardiovascular disease are more susceptible to drops in temperature. Indoor temperature appeared to have a stronger effect on BP than outdoor temperature. To understand temperature-BP relationship well, a study combining repeated personal temperature exposure and ambulatory BP monitoring, applying improved statistical methods to examine potential non-linear relationship is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Changchang Li
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanfang Guo
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Bao'an Hospital for Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, 99 Wenwei Road, Shenzhen 518101, China
| | - Adrian G Barnett
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Shilu Tong
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Dung Phung
- Center for Environment and Population Health, School of Environment, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Cordia Chu
- Center for Environment and Population Health, School of Environment, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Keith Dear
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215316, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Cunrui Huang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Center for Environment and Population Health, School of Environment, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia.
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17
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Lu C, Yang Y, Zhao R, Hua B, Xu C, Yan Z, Sun N, Qian R. Role of circadian gene Clock during differentiation of mouse pluripotent stem cells. Protein Cell 2016; 7:820-832. [PMID: 27664156 PMCID: PMC5084156 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-016-0319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological rhythms controlled by the circadian clock are absent in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, they start to develop during the differentiation of pluripotent ESCs to downstream cells. Conversely, biological rhythms in adult somatic cells disappear when they are reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These studies indicated that the development of biological rhythms in ESCs might be closely associated with the maintenance and differentiation of ESCs. The core circadian gene Clock is essential for regulation of biological rhythms. Its role in the development of biological rhythms of ESCs is totally unknown. Here, we used CRISPR/CAS9-mediated genetic editing techniques, to completely knock out the Clock expression in mouse ESCs. By AP, teratoma formation, quantitative real-time PCR and Immunofluorescent staining, we did not find any difference between Clock knockout mESCs and wild type mESCs in morphology and pluripotent capability under the pluripotent state. In brief, these data indicated Clock did not influence the maintaining of pluripotent state. However, they exhibited decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, the biological rhythms failed to develop in Clock knockout mESCs after spontaneous differentiation, which indicated that there was no compensational factor in most peripheral tissues as described in mice models before (DeBruyne et al., 2007b). After spontaneous differentiation, loss of CLOCK protein due to Clock gene silencing induced spontaneous differentiation of mESCs, indicating an exit from the pluripotent state, or its differentiating ability. Our findings indicate that the core circadian gene Clock may be essential during normal mESCs differentiation by regulating mESCs proliferation, apoptosis and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bingxuan Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ruizhe Qian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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18
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Johnston JD, Ordovás JM, Scheer FA, Turek FW. Circadian Rhythms, Metabolism, and Chrononutrition in Rodents and Humans. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:399-406. [PMID: 26980824 PMCID: PMC4785478 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.010777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrononutrition is an emerging discipline that builds on the intimate relation between endogenous circadian (24-h) rhythms and metabolism. Circadian regulation of metabolic function can be observed from the level of intracellular biochemistry to whole-organism physiology and even postprandial responses. Recent work has elucidated the metabolic roles of circadian clocks in key metabolic tissues, including liver, pancreas, white adipose, and skeletal muscle. For example, tissue-specific clock disruption in a single peripheral organ can cause obesity or disruption of whole-organism glucose homeostasis. This review explains mechanistic insights gained from transgenic animal studies and how these data are being translated into the study of human genetics and physiology. The principles of chrononutrition have already been demonstrated to improve human weight loss and are likely to benefit the health of individuals with metabolic disease, as well as of the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M Ordovás
- Tufts University, Boston, MA;,Madrid Institutes of Advanced Studies-Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frank A Scheer
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA;,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
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19
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Nutrigenetics and Nutrimiromics of the Circadian System: The Time for Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:299. [PMID: 26927084 PMCID: PMC4813163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though the rhythmic oscillations of life have long been known, the precise molecular mechanisms of the biological clock are only recently being explored. Circadian rhythms are found in virtually all organisms and affect our lives. Thus, it is not surprising that the correct running of this clock is essential for cellular functions and health. The circadian system is composed of an intricate network of genes interwined in an intrincated transcriptional/translational feedback loop. The precise oscillation of this clock is controlled by the circadian genes that, in turn, regulate the circadian oscillations of many cellular pathways. Consequently, variations in these genes have been associated with human diseases and metabolic disorders. From a nutrigenetics point of view, some of these variations modify the individual response to the diet and interact with nutrients to modulate such response. This circadian feedback loop is also epigenetically modulated. Among the epigenetic mechanisms that control circadian rhythms, microRNAs are the least studied ones. In this paper, we review the variants of circadian-related genes associated to human disease and nutritional response and discuss the current knowledge about circadian microRNAs. Accumulated evidence on the genetics and epigenetics of the circadian system points to important implications of chronotherapy in the clinical practice, not only in terms of pharmacotherapy, but also for dietary interventions. However, interventional studies (especially nutritional trials) that include chronotherapy are scarce. Given the importance of chronobiology in human health such studies are warranted in the near future.
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20
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Garbarino S, Magnavita N. Work Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Police Officers. A Prospective Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144318. [PMID: 26641879 PMCID: PMC4671563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the association between occupational stress and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a rapid response police unit. METHOD Work-related stress was continuously monitored during the 5-year period with both the Demand-Control-Support (DCS) and the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) models. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose were measured at baseline in January 2009, and in January 2014. 234 out of 290 police officers (81%) completed the follow-up. RESULTS The majority of police officers had high stress levels. At follow-up, police officers in the highest quartile of stress had significantly higher mean levels of triglycerides, and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol than their colleagues in the lowest quartile. Police officers with high stress had an increased adjusted risk of developing MetS (aOR = 2.68; CI95% = 1.08-6.70), and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR = 7.86; CI95 = 1.29-48.04). Demand and Effort were significant predictors of MetS. CONCLUSION Our study supports the hypothesis that work-related stress induces MetS, particularly through its effects on blood lipids. Future longitudinal studies with continuous monitoring of stress levels will definitively confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Garbarino
- State Police Health Service Department, Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal-Infantile Sciences (DINOGMI), Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Magnavita
- Department of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
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