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AlYamany R, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Hamadani M, Alshaibani A, Aljurf M. The Evolution of Our Understanding of Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease (IPSID) over Time. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:3759-3769. [PMID: 35621691 PMCID: PMC9139652 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29050301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) is an uncommon disease with a higher prevalence in the developing world. IPSID diagnosis relies mainly on a tissue biopsy and a high index of suspicion. Treatment options are variable; however, they mainly include anthracycline-based chemotherapy with or without antibiotics in advanced stages. Because of the paucity of IPSID, our perception of the disease remains narrow, and investigating the optimal lines of therapy and prevention without a complete comprehension of the disease is challenging. In our review, we explore the expansion of knowledge about IPSID, which has been developing over the years, to help increase the detection of IPISD cases and further research the most appropriate lines of therapy and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruah AlYamany
- Section of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
| | - Mehdi Hamadani
- BMT and Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Alfadel Alshaibani
- Section of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Section of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.)
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Immunomodulation and cancer: Using mechanistic paradigms to inform risk assessment. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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3
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Qu XL, Hei Y, Kang L, Yang XJ, Wang Y, Lu XZ, Xiao LH, Yang G. Establishment of a combination scoring method for diagnosis of ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0160175. [PMID: 28510589 PMCID: PMC5433690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoproliferative diseases (LPDs) of the ocular adnexa encompass the majority of orbital diseases and include reactive follicular hyperplasia (RFH), atypical lymphoid hyperplasia (ALH), and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma). Lymphoid follicles (LFs) are usually observed during the histological examination of LPDs. Currently, because there is a lack of specific clinical signs and diagnostic immunohistochemical biomarkers, it is difficult for pathologists to distinguish MALToma from ocular RFH and ALH, which makes the clinical management of these conditions difficult. Here, we analyzed the clinical features of patients with ocular adnexal LPDs (n = 125) and investigated the structure of LFs in paraffin-embedded tissue samples using anti-CD23 and anti-IgD immunochemistry. We found that some clinical features including age, sex, and laterality were different among RFH, LFH, and MALToma. Additionally, immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of IgD and CD23 was higher in RFH patients and decreased in patients with ALH and MALToma. Moreover, LFs in RFH were intact, whereas the structures of most LFs were disrupted in ALH. In MALToma specimens, few intact LFs were observed. In a further investigation, we combined the results for CD23/IgD immunohistochemistry and the structure of LFs to establish a scoring method for the differential diagnosis of LPDs. According to the BIOMED-2 protocol, we further detected IgH gene monoclonal rearrangement in 73 cases (35 RFH, 17 ALH, and 21 MALToma cases). The sensitivity of our scoring method, based on a comparison with the results of IgH gene monoclonal rearrangement detection, was 85.7% (18/21) for MALToma and 35.3% (6/17) for ALH. Our study provides a method that may be useful for the differential diagnosis of RFH, ALH, and MALToma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Qu
- Ophthalmology Department, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Hei
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Li Kang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ji Yang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Lu
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hua Xiao
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (GY)
| | - Guang Yang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (GY)
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Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) products modulate oxidative stress and apoptosis-related biomarkers in human cell lines. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:607. [PMID: 27887635 PMCID: PMC5124272 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In countries with elevated prevalence of zoonotic anisakiasis and high awareness of this parasitosis, a considerable number of cases that associate Anisakis sp. (Nematoda, Anisakidae) and different bowel carcinomas have been described. Although neoplasia and embedded larvae were observed sharing the common site affected by chronic inflammation, no association between the nematode and malignancy were directly proved. Similarly, no data are available about the effect of secretory and excretory products of infecting larvae at the host's cellular level, except in respect to allergenic interaction. METHODS To test the mechanisms by which human non-immune cells respond to the larvae, we exposed the fibroblast cell line HS-68 to two Anisakis products (ES, excretory/secretory products; and EC, crude extract) and evaluated molecular markers related to stress response, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, such as p53, HSP70, TNF-α, c-jun and c-fos, employing cell viability assay, spectrophotometry, immunoblotting and qPCR. RESULTS Both Anisakis products led to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially in EC-treated cells. While the ES treatment induces activation of kinases suggesting inflammation and cell proliferation (or inhibition of apoptosis), in EC-treated cells, other signaling pathways indicate the inhibition of apoptosis, marked by strong upregulation of Hsp70. Elevated induction of p53 in fibroblasts treated by both Anisakis products, suggests a significantly negative effect on the host DNA. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that in vitro cell response to Anisakis products can result in at least two different scenarios, which in both cases lead to inflammation and DNA damage. Although these preliminary results are far from proving a relationship between the parasite and cancer, they are the first to support the existence of conditions where such changes are feasible.
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Liao F, Hsu YC, Kuo SH, Yang YC, Chen JP, Hsu PN, Lin CW, Chen LT, Cheng AL, Fann CSJ, Lin JT, Wu MS. Genetic polymorphisms and tissue expression of interleukin-22 associated with risk and therapeutic response of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Blood Cancer J 2014; 4:eXX. [PMID: 25303370 PMCID: PMC4220648 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2014.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Helicobacter pylori-stimulated immune reactions determine the pathogenesis of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. We aimed to explore the genetic predisposition to this lymphoma and its clinical implication. A total of 68 patients and 140 unrelated controls were genotyped for 84 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes encoding cytokines, chemokines and related receptors that play important roles in T cell-mediated gastrointestinal immunity. Five genotypes in IL-22, namely CC at rs1179246, CC at rs2227485, AA at rs4913428, AA at rs1026788 and TT at rs7314777, were associated with disease susceptibility. The former four genotypes resided in the same linkage disequilibrium block (r(2)=0.99) that conferred an approximately threefold higher risk. In vitro experiments demonstrated that co-culturing peripheral mononuclear cells or CD4(+) T cells with H. pylori stimulated the secretion of interleukin-22 (IL-22), and that IL-22 induced the expression of antimicrobial proteins, RegIIIα and lipocalin-2, in gastric epithelial cells. Furthermore, patients with gastric tissue expressing IL-22 were more likely to respond to H. pylori eradication (14/22 vs 4/19, P<0.006). We conclude that susceptibility of gastric MALT lymphoma is influenced by genetic polymorphisms in IL-22, the product of which is involved in mucosal immunity against H. pylori and associated with tumor response to H. pylori eradication.
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MESH Headings
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Helicobacter Infections/genetics
- Helicobacter Infections/metabolism
- Helicobacter Infections/therapy
- Helicobacter pylori
- Humans
- Interleukins/biosynthesis
- Interleukins/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/metabolism
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/microbiology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/therapy
- Male
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
- Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism
- Stomach Neoplasms/microbiology
- Stomach Neoplasms/therapy
- Interleukin-22
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Affiliation(s)
- F Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Database Research, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S-H Kuo
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J-P Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P-N Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-W Lin
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L-T Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - A-L Cheng
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C S J Fann
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J-T Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M-S Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ponce RA, Gelzleichter T, Haggerty HG, Heidel S, Holdren MS, Lebrec H, Mellon RD, Pallardy M. Immunomodulation and lymphoma in humans. J Immunotoxicol 2013; 11:1-12. [DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2013.798388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Khedmat H, Taheri S. Hepatitis C Virus Infection Can Affect Lymphoproliferative Disorders Only as a Cofactor for Epstein-Barr Virus in Liver Transplant Recipients: PTLD.Int Survey. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2012; 10:141-7. [DOI: 10.6002/ect.2011.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Kim KH, Kim TM, Go H, Kim WY, Jeon YK, Lee SH, Kim DW, Khwarg SI, Kim CW, Heo DS. Clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3+ T cells in patients with ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:1972-6. [PMID: 21812857 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the association between tumor-infiltrating FOXP3+ T cells and clinical outcomes in patients with ocular adnexal lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type (OAML). Pretreatment formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 42 patients with OAML were stained with 236A/E7 anti-FOXP3 murine monoclonal antibody as well as CD3, CD4 and CD8 antibodies. The amount of FOXP3+ T cells was numerically quantified using an image analysis program. Front-line treatments were as follows: combination chemotherapy (n = 25); radiotherapy (n = 9); doxycycline (n = 6); and wait and see (n = 2). Complete response (CR) was observed in 20 (50%) of 40 evaluable patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 50 months. A high number of FOXP3+ T cells (n = 21, ≥ 180/0.58 mm(2)) showed a higher CR rate (33%vs 71%, P = 0.013) and tendency towards prolonged PFS (48 vs 67 months, P = 0.110). In the combination chemotherapy group, a high number of FOXP3+ T cells was significantly associated with a higher CR rate (29%vs 82%, P = 0.008) and prolonged PFS (17 vs 79 months, P = 0.003). A high number of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3+ T cells correlates with a favorable clinical outcome in OAML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hwan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Audicana MT, Kennedy MW. Anisakis simplex: from obscure infectious worm to inducer of immune hypersensitivity. Clin Microbiol Rev 2008; 21:360-79, table of contents. [PMID: 18400801 PMCID: PMC2292572 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00012-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection of humans with the nematode worm parasite Anisakis simplex was first described in the 1960s in association with the consumption of raw or undercooked fish. During the 1990s it was realized that even the ingestion of dead worms in food fish can cause severe hypersensitivity reactions, that these may be more prevalent than infection itself, and that this outcome could be associated with food preparations previously considered safe. Not only may allergic symptoms arise from infection by the parasites ("gastroallergic anisakiasis"), but true anaphylactic reactions can also occur following exposure to allergens from dead worms by food-borne, airborne, or skin contact routes. This review discusses A. simplex pathogenesis in humans, covering immune hypersensitivity reactions both in the context of a living infection and in terms of exposure to its allergens by other routes. Over the last 20 years, several studies have concentrated on A. simplex antigen characterization and innate as well as adaptive immune response to this parasite. Molecular characterization of Anisakis allergens and isolation of their encoding cDNAs is now an active field of research that should provide improved diagnostic tools in addition to tools with which to enhance our understanding of pathogenesis and controversial aspects of A. simplex allergy. We also discuss the potential relevance of parasite products such as allergens, proteinases, and proteinase inhibitors and the activation of basophils, eosinophils, and mast cells in the induction of A. simplex-related immune hypersensitivity states induced by exposure to the parasite, dead or alive.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa Audicana
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Santiago Apóstol Hospital, C/Olaguibel 29, 01004 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country, Spain.
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Abstract
Background Primary Hodgkin's disease of the stomach is an extremely rare entity. Nearly all cases of primary gastric lymphoma are of the non-Hodgkin's variety. Diagnoses in such cases are difficult due to considerable histological similarities between the 2 disease entities. Case presentation We report the case of a 77 year old lady with a 1 year history of weight loss and poor appetite. Physical examination was unremarkable. Subsequent multiple upper GI endoscopies revealed a large malignant looking ulcer which was deemed to be histologically benign. Following CT imaging the patient underwent a radical gastrectomy. Postoperatively histology and immunohistochemistry failed to confirm a diagnosis. As such a second opinion was sought. Employing an extended array of immunohistological staining a diagnosis of 'Classical Hodgkin's' disease of the stomach was achieved. Conclusion Our case illustrates the significant difficulties in achieving a rare diagnosis of primary Hodgkin's lymphoma of the stomach. The non-specific nature of symptoms and a lack of histological features make a preoperative diagnosis extremely difficult. While immunohistochemistry is widely employed in aiding the evaluation of such cases, one should be wary of the considerable overlap in differentiating between Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's disease entities using this technique.
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Al Otaibi T, Al Sagheir A, Ludwin D, Meyer R. Post Renal Transplant Castleman’s Disease Resolved After Graft Nephrectomy: A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:1276-7. [PMID: 17524952 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) is a lymphoproliferative process thought to be mediated by overexpression of II interleukin-6. Castleman's disease has two variants: Castleman's disease has two variants: Hyaline vascular type and plasma cell variant (multicentric Castleman's disease). The hyaline vascular type tends to be localized, and the plasma cell variant shows more systematic signs and carriers a worse clinical prognosis. Castleman's disease is associated with B-cell lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8), and Epstein-Barr virus. Castleman's disease have been described thrice post kidney transplant. In this report, we document the course of a renal recipient who developed the plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease at 16 months after failure of his allograft and return to dialysis. He displayed clinical resolution of this complication after graft nephrectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first case where the disease manifestations disappeared after graft removal. Our patient experienced chronic renal allograft rejection which may have driven all the systematic manifestations of multicentric castleman's disease and possibly reactivated a latent HHV-8 infection. In this case immunohistochemical testing for HHV-8 was not available to prove a role for this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Al Otaibi
- Department of Nephrology, Hamed Al Essa Organ Transplant Centre, Sabah Al-Salem, Kuwait.
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12
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Islas-Ohlmayer M, Padgett-Thomas A, Domiati-Saad R, Melkus MW, Cravens PD, Martin MDP, Netto G, Garcia JV. Experimental infection of NOD/SCID mice reconstituted with human CD34+ cells with Epstein-Barr virus. J Virol 2004; 78:13891-900. [PMID: 15564497 PMCID: PMC533956 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.78.24.13891-13900.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced lymphoproliferative disease is an important complication in the context of immune deficiency. Impaired T-cell immunity allows the outgrowth of transformed cells with the subsequent production of predominantly B-cell lymphomas. Currently there is no in vivo model that can adequately recapitulate EBV infection and its association with B-cell lymphomas. NOD/SCID mice engrafted with human CD34(+) cells and reconstituted mainly with human B lymphocytes may serve as a useful xenograft model to study EBV infection and pathogenesis. We therefore infected reconstituted mice with EBV. High levels of viral DNA were detected in the peripheral blood of all infected mice. All infected mice lost weight and showed decreased activity levels. Infected mice presented large visible tumors in multiple organs, most prominently in the spleen. These tumors stained positive for human CD79a, CD20, CD30, and EBV-encoded RNAs and were light chain restricted. Their characterization is consistent with that of large cell immunoblastic lymphoma. In addition, tumor cells expressed EBNA1, LMP1, and LMP2a mRNAs, which is consistent with a type II latency program. EBV(+) lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing human CD45, CD19, CD21, CD23, CD5, and CD30 were readily established from the bone marrow and spleens of infected animals. Finally, we also demonstrate that infection with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged virus can be monitored by the detection of infected EGFP(+) cells and EGFP(+) tumors. These data demonstrate that NOD/SCID mice that are reconstituted with human CD34(+) cells are susceptible to infection by EBV and accurately recapitulate important aspects of EBV pathogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Cell Line
- DNA, Viral/blood
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/pathology
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/virology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/pathogenicity
- Humans
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
- Virus Latency
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Islas-Ohlmayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases Y9.206, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA
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