1
|
Tinca AC, Szoke AR, Lazar BA, Szász EA, Tomuț AN, Sabău AH, Cocuz IG, Cotoi TC, Niculescu R, Chiorean DM, Ungureanu IA, Turdean SG, Cotoi OS. H-VISTA Immunohistochemistry Score Is Associated with Advanced Stages in Cutaneous and Ocular Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4335. [PMID: 38673920 PMCID: PMC11049914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma represents a public health issue. One of the biggest goals of current research is to develop new therapeutic options for patients affected by this aggressive tumor. We conducted a retrospective study including 105 patients diagnosed with cutaneous and ocular melanoma, with stages varying from pT1a to pT4b and pT4e, respectively, and we performed immunohistochemistry reactions with the new potential prognostic marker, VISTA (V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation). We quantified the expression by applying the H-score adapted for VISTA and divided the patients, based on the median value, into groups that presented high, low, and negative expression. Therefore, we obtained 65 cases with positive expression for cutaneous melanoma and 8 cases with positive expression for ocular melanoma. Forty-one cases presented high expression in cutaneous melanoma and three cases presented high expression in ocular melanoma. In cutaneous melanoma, analytic statistics showed that VISTA expression was associated with a high Breslow index, high mitotic count, high Ki67 expression, and advanced clinicopathological stage. The majority of ocular melanoma cases demonstrating a positive reaction were classified as stage pT3, whereas earlier stages showed a negative reaction. Our findings underscore a significant correlation between VISTA expression and key prognostic factors in melanoma. Looking ahead, the prospect of future randomized studies holds promise in corroborating the clinical relevance of our findings. By further elucidating the intricate relationship between VISTA expression and melanoma progression, new treatment strategies could be found, improving patient outcomes in this challenging neoplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Cătălina Tinca
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Andreea Raluca Szoke
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Bianca Andreea Lazar
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
| | - Emőke Andrea Szász
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.N.T.); (I.A.U.)
| | - Alexandru Nicușor Tomuț
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.N.T.); (I.A.U.)
| | - Adrian Horațiu Sabău
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Iuliu-Gabriel Cocuz
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Titiana-Cornelia Cotoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Raluca Niculescu
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Diana Maria Chiorean
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.C.T.); (A.H.S.); (R.N.); (D.M.C.)
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
| | - Ioana Ancuța Ungureanu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.N.T.); (I.A.U.)
| | - Sabin Gligore Turdean
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.N.T.); (I.A.U.)
| | - Ovidiu Simion Cotoi
- Pathology Department, Mures Clinical County Hospital, 540011 Targu Mures, Romania; (B.A.L.); (E.A.S.); (I.-G.C.); (S.G.T.); (O.S.C.)
- Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gu X, Zhuang A, Yu J, Yang L, Ge S, Ruan J, Jia R, Fan X, Chai P. Histone lactylation-boosted ALKBH3 potentiates tumor progression and diminished promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear condensates by m1A demethylation of SP100A. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2273-2289. [PMID: 38118002 PMCID: PMC10954454 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Albeit N1-Methyladenosine (m1A) RNA modification represents an important regulator of RNA metabolism, the role of m1A modification in carcinogenesis remains enigmatic. Herein, we found that histone lactylation enhances ALKBH3 expression and simultaneously attenuates the formation of tumor-suppressive promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) condensates by removing the m1A methylation of SP100A, promoting the malignant transformation of cancers. First, ALKBH3 is specifically upregulated in high-risk ocular melanoma due to excessive histone lactylation levels, referring to m1A hypomethylation status. Moreover, the multiomics analysis subsequently identified that SP100A, a core component for PML bodies, serves as a downstream candidate target for ALKBH3. Therapeutically, the silencing of ALKBH3 exhibits efficient therapeutic efficacy in melanoma both in vitro and in vivo, which could be reversed by the depletion of SP100A. Mechanistically, we found that YTHDF1 is responsible for recognition of the m1A methylated SP100A transcript, which increases its RNA stability and translational efficacy. Conclusively, we initially demonstrated that m1A modification is necessary for tumor suppressor gene expression, expanding the current understandings of dynamic m1A function during tumor progression. In addition, our results indicate that lactylation-driven ALKBH3 is essential for the formation of PML nuclear condensates, which bridges our knowledge of m1A modification, metabolic reprogramming, and phase-separation events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ludi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ruan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiwei Chai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu T, Shi J, Zhou X, Qiu C, Jia R, Huang S, Jia R, Wang Y, Song X, Zhou Y. MYC-targeted genes predict distant recurrence in patients with ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:2413-2423. [PMID: 37083957 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (OA-EMZL) is the most frequent subtype of ocular adnexal lymphoma, with a high propensity for recurrence. Distant recurrence (DR) as an essential prognostic event has unique clinical risk factors, but whether distinct molecular features exist remains poorly understood. Here, we identified potential biomarkers using proteomic analysis of 27 OA-EMZL samples. The MYC-targeted genes PCNA, MCM6, and MCM4 were identified as candidates. MYC-targeted genes were further identified as the most significantly activated gene set in patients with DR. The candidate genes were verified in samples from 11 patients with DR and 33 matched controls using immunohistochemistry. The 3-year and 5-year AUC values of MCM6 (0.699 and 0.757) were higher than those of Ki-67 (0.532 and 0.592). High expressions of MCM6 and MCM4 were significantly associated with shorter distant recurrence-free survival (Log-rank p = 0.017, Log-rank p = 0.0053). Multivariate Cox regression identified MCM6 expression as an independent risk factor for DR (HR, 6.86; 95% CI, 1.32-35.79; P = 0.02). Knockdown of c-Myc in B cells resulted in decreased MCM6 and MCM4 expression and reduced proliferative capacity. Our results suggest that activation of the MYC-targeted gene is a distinct molecular feature of DR in OA-EMZL. MYC-targeted gene, MCM6, is a promising pathological biomarker for DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Cen Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruobing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyun Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yefei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yixiong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Gu J, Zhang T, Ping B, Zhou M, Huang X, Jiang R, Xu G, Chang Q. CLINICAL FEATURES, DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE, AND PROGNOSIS OF VITREORETINAL LYMPHOMA IN YOUNG PATIENTS. Retina 2021; 41:2596-2604. [PMID: 34173362 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and outcomes of young patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma. METHODS Fifty-one vitreoretinal lymphoma patients (97 eyes) referred to the Eye and ENT Hospital of the Fudan University from 2011 to 2020 were grouped based on their onset age (age ≤50 years and age >50 years). Complete eye examinations, evaluation of systemic conditions, and biological analysis of intraocular fluids were performed. RESULTS Young patients accounted for 31.4% (n = 16) of the cohort. More eyes had retinal/subretinal pigment epithelial infiltration (20 [64.5%] vs. 23 [34.8%]; P = 0.018) in young patients than in elderly ones. The mutation rate of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 gene (MYD88) was significantly lower in young patients than in elderly ones (5 [50%] vs. 21 [91.3%]; P = 0.016). The median time to new onset of central nervous system lymphoma was significantly shorter in young patients (11.7 vs. 36.2 months; P = 0.012). However, mean overall survival did not differ between the 2 groups (64.9 vs. 57.5 months; P = 0.871). CONCLUSION Early diagnosis and central nervous system evaluation are crucial for young vitreoretinal lymphoma patients with rapid central nervous system involvement. Meanwhile, young vitreoretinal lymphoma patients have some unique features, including more retinal/subretinal pigment epithelial infiltrations and lower MYD88 mutation rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shixue Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key NHC Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Junxiang Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key NHC Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key NHC Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Bo Ping
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key NHC Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key NHC Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key NHC Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Gezhi Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key NHC Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key NHC Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; and
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Anjum S, Sen S, Chosdol K, Bakhshi S, Kashyap S, Pushker N, Bajaj MS, Meel R, Sharma MC. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1ɑ) in lacrimal gland Adenoid cystic carcinoma: Correlation with clinical outcome. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 56:151846. [PMID: 34749048 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE VEGF and HIF-1α are important regulators of angiogenesis, overexpressed in various tumors. Lacrimal gland Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant tumor whose angiogenic properties remain unexplored. This study was designed to evaluate the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in lacrimal gland ACC. METHODS VEGF and HIF-1α immunoexpression was undertaken in 30 lacrimal gland ACC cases. mRNA expression of VEGF and HIF-1α was analysed in 17 cases by quantitative real time PCR. The results obtained were correlated with clinicopathological features and survival of the patients to determine the prognostic significance. RESULTS Immunoexpression of HIF-1α and VEGF was seen in 36.6% and 46.6% ACC cases. HIF-1α expression showed significant association with advanced T-stage (P = 0.001) and VEGF with intracranial extension (P = 0.014) and solid histological pattern (P = 0.045). HIF-1α mRNA expression was seen in 29.4% cases and showed significant association with perineural invasion (P = 0.027). Recurrence occurred in 60%, distant metastasis in 20% and death in 20% cases. Survival analysis revealed that patients with HIF-1α, VEGF immunoexpression, solid histological pattern, perineural invasion, bone erosion, intracranial extension, metastasis, advanced T-stage, and exenteration had poor survival. On multivariate analysis VEGF immunoexpression (hazard ratio, 16.785; 95% confidence interval, 1.872-150.495; P = 0.012) was the most significant poor prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that VEGF is a potential predictor for poor clinical outcome in lacrimal gland Adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzan Anjum
- Ocular Pathology Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Sen
- Ocular Pathology Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Kunzang Chosdol
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Kashyap
- Ocular Pathology Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neelam Pushker
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mandeep Singh Bajaj
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rachna Meel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mehar Chand Sharma
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Balikov DA, Hu K, Liu CJ, Betz BL, Chinnaiyan AM, Devisetty LV, Venneti S, Tomlins SA, Cani AK, Rao RC. Comparative Molecular Analysis of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas and Matched Vitreoretinal Lymphomas by Vitreous Liquid Biopsy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9992. [PMID: 34576156 PMCID: PMC8471952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) is a lymphoid malignancy of the brain that occurs in ~1500 patients per year in the US. PCNSL can spread to the vitreous and retina, where it is known as vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL). While confirmatory testing for diagnosis is dependent on invasive brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid sampling, the ability to access the vitreous as a proximal biofluid for liquid biopsy to diagnose PCNSL is an attractive prospect given ease of access and minimization of risks and complications from other biopsy strategies. However, the extent to which VRL, previously considered genetically identical to PCNSL, resembles PCNSL in the same individual with respect to genetic alterations, diagnostic strategies, and precision-medicine based approaches has hitherto not been explored. Furthermore, the degree of intra-patient tumor genomic heterogeneity between the brain and vitreous sites has not been studied. In this work, we report on targeted DNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) of matched brain and vitreous samples in two patients who each harbored VRL and PCSNL. Our strategy showed enhanced sensitivity for molecular diagnosis confirmation over current clinically used vitreous liquid biopsy methods. We observed a clonal relationship between the eye and brain samples in both patients, which carried clonal CDKN2A deep deletions, a highly recurrent alteration in VRL patients, as well as MYD88 p.L265P activating mutation in one patient. Several subclonal alterations, however, in the genes SETD2, BRCA2, TERT, and broad chromosomal regions showed heterogeneity between the brain and the eyes, between the two eyes, and among different regions of the PCNSL brain lesion. Taken together, our data show that NGS of vitreous liquid biopsies in PCNSL patients with VRL highlights shared and distinct genetic alterations that suggest a common origin for these lymphomas, but with additional site-specific alterations. Liquid biopsy of VRL accurately replicates the findings for PCNSL truncal (tumor-initiating) genomic alterations; it can also nominate precision medicine interventions and shows intra-patient heterogeneity in subclonal alterations. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first interrogation of genetic underpinnings of PCNSL with matched VRL samples. Our findings support continued investigation into the utility of vitreous liquid biopsy in precision diagnosis and treatment of PCNSL/VRL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Balikov
- W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (D.A.B.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Kevin Hu
- Center of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Chia-Jen Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.-J.L.); (B.L.B.); (A.M.C.); (S.V.); (S.A.T.)
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bryan L. Betz
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.-J.L.); (B.L.B.); (A.M.C.); (S.V.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Arul M. Chinnaiyan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.-J.L.); (B.L.B.); (A.M.C.); (S.V.); (S.A.T.)
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Laxmi V. Devisetty
- W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (D.A.B.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Sriram Venneti
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.-J.L.); (B.L.B.); (A.M.C.); (S.V.); (S.A.T.)
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Scott A. Tomlins
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.-J.L.); (B.L.B.); (A.M.C.); (S.V.); (S.A.T.)
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Andi K. Cani
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rajesh C. Rao
- W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (D.A.B.); (L.V.D.)
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (C.-J.L.); (B.L.B.); (A.M.C.); (S.V.); (S.A.T.)
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Ophthalmology, Surgical Service, Veterans Administration Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu Y, Zhao M, Li L, Ding J, Gui YM, Wei TW. miR-491-3p is Downregulated in Retinoblastoma and Inhibit Tumor Cells Growth and Metastasis by Targeting SNN. Biochem Genet 2020; 59:453-474. [PMID: 33098307 PMCID: PMC7946698 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-10007-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common pediatric malignant tumor of the eyes. Previous studies demonstrated that miR-491-3p is downregulated in various cancers. However, its function in Rb remains unknown. A total of 15 pairs of primary Rb tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to investigate the expression profiles of miR-491-3p. qRT-PCR, western blotting and in situ immunocytochemistry were performed to investigate the expression profiles of epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related proteins (E-cadherin, Vimentin and N-cadherin) in Rb tissues and Rb cell lines as well as cell morphology. Cell proliferation was estimated by MTS and colony formation assays. Apoptosis was determined by FACS, cell migration and invasion were analyzed using transwell chambers. MiR-491-3p’s target genes were predicted using target gene prediction databases. The interplay between miR-491-3p and SNN was evaluated through dual luciferase reporter gene assay. MiR-491-3p was significantly downregulated in mixed collection of 15 pairs of Rb tissues and Rb cell lines. Overexpression of miR-491-3p enhanced apoptosis, and significantly suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of Rb cells. In contrast, the present of miR-491-3p inhibitor showed reversed results which apoptosis decreased, while cell proliferation of ARPE-19 cells increased. In addition, miR-491-3p increased the expression of E-cadherin, and dramatically decreased the expression of Vimentin and N-cadherin in Rb tissues and Rb cell lines, noticeable changes in morphology, too, as cells became less cohesive and more adhering. We found out that SNN was the pairing target of miR-491-3p and result showed that miR-491-3p and SNN interacted with each other. We also found out that the effects of miR-491-3p were in Rb cells were almost entirely canceled out at the overexpression of SNN. Our findings collectively suggest that miR-491-3p is an important tumor suppressor in Rb, which inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in Rb. These implicate it may be explored as a new therapeutic target in Rb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Min Gui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tan-Wei Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Murcia L, Clemente-Ruiz M, Pierre-Elies P, Royou A, Milán M. Selective Killing of RAS-Malignant Tissues by Exploiting Oncogene-Induced DNA Damage. Cell Rep 2020; 28:119-131.e4. [PMID: 31269434 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several oncogenes induce untimely entry into S phase and alter replication timing and progression, thereby generating replicative stress, a well-known source of genomic instability and a hallmark of cancer. Using an epithelial model in Drosophila, we show that the RAS oncogene, which triggers G1/S transition, induces DNA damage and, at the same time, silences the DNA damage response pathway. RAS compromises ATR-mediated phosphorylation of the histone variant H2Av and ATR-mediated cell-cycle arrest in G2 and blocks, through ERK, Dp53-dependent induction of cell death. We found that ERK is also activated in normal tissues by an exogenous source of damage and that this activation is necessary to dampen the pro-apoptotic role of Dp53. We exploit the pro-survival role of ERK activation upon endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage to present evidence that its genetic or chemical inhibition can be used as a therapeutic opportunity to selectively eliminate RAS-malignant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lada Murcia
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Clemente-Ruiz
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anne Royou
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2, rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Marco Milán
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gudkar AI, Mukherjee B, Krishnakumar S. Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the lacrimal sac. Indian J Ophthalmol 2019; 67:2043-2044. [PMID: 31755446 PMCID: PMC6896531 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_875_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Avriel I Gudkar
- Department of Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bipasha Mukherjee
- Department of Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Department of Larsen and Toubro Ocular Pathology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang K, Hu Y, Gao X, Zhan C, Zhang Y, Yao S, Xie C, Wei G, Lu W. Octopus-like Flexible Vector for Noninvasive Intraocular Delivery of Short Interfering Nucleic Acids. Nano Lett 2019; 19:6410-6417. [PMID: 31442373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy is promising for chronic posterior ocular diseases, which are causal factors for severe vision impairment and even blindness worldwide. However, the inherent absorption barriers of the eye restrict intraocular delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids via topical instillation. Safe and efficient nonviral vectors for ocular gene therapy are still unmet clinical desires. Herein, an octopus-like flexible multivalent penetratin (MVP) was designed to facilitate condensation and delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids using multiarm polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a core and conjugating penetratin at each end of the PEG arms as outspread tentacles. Among the MVPs, 8-valent penetratin (8VP) stably compacted nucleic acids into positively charged polyplexes smaller than 100 nm, promoting cellular uptake efficiency (approaching 100%) and transfection rate (over 75%). After being instilled into the conjunctival sac, 8VP enabled rapid (<10 min) and prolonged (>6 h) distribution of nucleic acids in the retina via a noncorneal pathway. In a retinoblastoma-bearing mice model, topical instillation of 8VP/siRNA efficiently inhibited the protein expression of intraocular tumor without toxicity. MVP is advantageous over the commercial transfection reagent in safety and efficiency, and therefore provides a promising vector for noninvasive intraocular gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Yang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Xin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Changyou Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Shengyu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Cao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Gang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huggins AB, Stefanyszyn MA, Nyquist G, Rabinowitz MP. Basaloid adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac: A rare entity and approach to management. Orbit 2017; 36:441-444. [PMID: 28837389 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2017.1337186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Presented is a rare case of basaloid adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac. Low grade features of this malignancy permitted a conservative surgical approach to maximize functional and cosmetic outcomes. This is retrospective case description of a single 77-year-old-female patient who underwent a dacryocystorhinostomy with silicone tubes at an outside hospital for epiphora, but was referred to the Wills Eye Hospital Oculoplastics Department for a lacrimal sac biopsy showing low-grade carcinoma with basaloid features. She was treated with complete excision of the mass, common canaliculus and distal canaliculi, and the nasolacrimal duct. The associated maxillary, lacrimal, and ethmoidal bones were similarly excised. Frozen sections were sent of the surrounding periosteum, orbital fat, nasal and sinus mucosa, and soft tissues, and all were negative. Reconstruction of the lacrimal system was performed with silicone tube intubation and the defect was closed with large glabellar and mid-facial flaps. One year post-operatively she maintained a normal ocular examination, and her eyelids and silicone tubes were well positioned. Systemic evaluation remained unrevealing. Basaloid adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac is relatively rare, and we highlight the role of a more conservative surgical intervention given the high rates of survival and low incidence of progression to metastatic disease when treating this rare malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison B Huggins
- a Wills Eye Hospital , Thomas Jefferson University Hospital , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Mary A Stefanyszyn
- b The Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Department of Wills Eye Hospital , Thomas Jefferson University Hospital , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Gurston Nyquist
- c The Skull Base Division of the Otorhinolaryngology Department , Thomas Jefferson University Hospital , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Michael P Rabinowitz
- b The Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Department of Wills Eye Hospital , Thomas Jefferson University Hospital , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Y, Maltry A, Mokhtarzadeh A. Pleomorphic Adenoma of an Accessory Lacrimal Gland Masquerading as a Chalazion. Ophthalmology 2017; 124:952. [PMID: 28645342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Amanda Maltry
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ali Mokhtarzadeh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qu XL, Hei Y, Kang L, Yang XJ, Wang Y, Lu XZ, Xiao LH, Yang G. Establishment of a combination scoring method for diagnosis of ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0160175. [PMID: 28510589 PMCID: PMC5433690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoproliferative diseases (LPDs) of the ocular adnexa encompass the majority of orbital diseases and include reactive follicular hyperplasia (RFH), atypical lymphoid hyperplasia (ALH), and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma). Lymphoid follicles (LFs) are usually observed during the histological examination of LPDs. Currently, because there is a lack of specific clinical signs and diagnostic immunohistochemical biomarkers, it is difficult for pathologists to distinguish MALToma from ocular RFH and ALH, which makes the clinical management of these conditions difficult. Here, we analyzed the clinical features of patients with ocular adnexal LPDs (n = 125) and investigated the structure of LFs in paraffin-embedded tissue samples using anti-CD23 and anti-IgD immunochemistry. We found that some clinical features including age, sex, and laterality were different among RFH, LFH, and MALToma. Additionally, immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of IgD and CD23 was higher in RFH patients and decreased in patients with ALH and MALToma. Moreover, LFs in RFH were intact, whereas the structures of most LFs were disrupted in ALH. In MALToma specimens, few intact LFs were observed. In a further investigation, we combined the results for CD23/IgD immunohistochemistry and the structure of LFs to establish a scoring method for the differential diagnosis of LPDs. According to the BIOMED-2 protocol, we further detected IgH gene monoclonal rearrangement in 73 cases (35 RFH, 17 ALH, and 21 MALToma cases). The sensitivity of our scoring method, based on a comparison with the results of IgH gene monoclonal rearrangement detection, was 85.7% (18/21) for MALToma and 35.3% (6/17) for ALH. Our study provides a method that may be useful for the differential diagnosis of RFH, ALH, and MALToma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Qu
- Ophthalmology Department, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Hei
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Li Kang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ji Yang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Lu
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hua Xiao
- Institute of Orbital Disease, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (GY)
| | - Guang Yang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (GY)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mishra DK, Veena U, Kaliki S, Kethiri AR, Sangwan VS, Ali MH, Naik MN, Singh V. Differential Expression of Stem Cell Markers in Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161800. [PMID: 27584160 PMCID: PMC5008752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasm (OSSN) is the neoplasia arising from the conjunctiva, cornea and limbus. OSSN ranges from mild, moderate, severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ (CIS) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Recent findings on cancer stem cells theory indicate that population of stem-like cell as in neoplasia determines its heterogeneity and complexity leading to varying tumor development of metastatic behavior and recurrence. Cancer stem cell markers are not much explored in the cases of OSSN. In the present study, we aim to evaluate the expression of stem cells using stem cell markers mainly p63, ABCG2, c-KIT (CD117) and CD44 in OSSN tissue, which could have prognostic significance. The present study tries for the first time to explore expression of these stem markers in the cases of OSSN. These cases are subdivided into two groups. One group comprises of carcinoma in situ (n = 6) and the second group comprises of invasive carcinoma (n = 6). The mean age at presentation was 52 years; with 53 years for CIS group and 52 years for SCC group. From each group section from the paraffin block were taken for the IHC staining of p63, c-Kit, ABCG2 and CD44. Our experiments show high expression of P63 and CD44 in the cases of CIN and SCC. Both CIS and SCC displayed positive staining with p63, with more than 80% cells staining positive. However minimal expression of c-kit in both CIN and SCC. But surprisingly we got high expression of ABCG2 in cases of carcinoma in situ as compared to that of invasive squamous cell carcinoma. More than 50% of cells showed CD44 positivity in both CIS and SCC groups. Our results show for the first time that these four stem cells especially the limbal epithelium stem cells play a vital role in the genesis of OSSN but we need to explore more cases before establishing its clinical and biological significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Kumar Mishra
- Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Uppala Veena
- Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Swathi Kaliki
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Abhinav Reddy Kethiri
- Champalimaud Translational Centre for Eye Research and Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center, and Center for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Virender S. Sangwan
- Champalimaud Translational Centre for Eye Research and Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center, and Center for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mohammed Hasnat Ali
- Clinical Epidemiology and Bio-Statistics, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Milind N. Naik
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vivek Singh
- Champalimaud Translational Centre for Eye Research and Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center, and Center for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang MX, Zhang J, Zhang H, Tang H. miR-24-3p Suppresses Malignant Behavior of Lacrimal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma by Targeting PRKCH to Regulate p53/p21 Pathway. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158433. [PMID: 27351203 PMCID: PMC4924841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) may function as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism of miRNAs in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is unclear. Here, we provide evidence that miR-24-3p was downreglated and functions as a tumor suppressor in human lacrimal adenoid cystic carcinoma by suppressing proliferation and migration/invasion while promoting apoptosis. miR-24-3p down-regulated protein kinase C eta (PRKCH) by binding to its untranslated region (3’UTR). PRKCH increased the of the cell growth and migration/invasion in ACC cells and suppressed the expression of p53 and p21 in both mRNA and protein level. The overexpression of miR-24-3p decreased its malignant phenotype. Ectopic expression of PRKCH counteracted the suppression of malignancy induced by miR-24-3p, as well as ectopic expression of miR-24-3p rescued the suppression of PRKCH in the p53/p21 pathway. These results suggest that miR-24-3p promotes the p53/p21 pathway by down-regulating PRKCH expression in lacrimal adenoid cystic carcinoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-xue Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of TianJin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of TianJin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of TianJin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail: (HZ); (HT)
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail: (HZ); (HT)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shimoyama Y, Akihara Y, Kirat D, Iwano H, Hirayama K, Kagawa Y, Ohmachi T, Matsuda K, Okamoto M, Kadosawa T, Yokota H, Taniyama H. Expression of Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 in Oral and Ocular Canine Melanocytic Tumors. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:449-57. [PMID: 17606506 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-4-449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors are composed of a heterogeneous population of cells surviving in various concentrations of oxygen. In a hypoxic environment, tumor cells generally up-regulate glycolysis and, therefore, generate more lactate that must be expelled from the cell through proton transporters to prevent intracellular acidosis. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) is a major proton transporter in mammalian cells that transports monocarboxylates, such as lactate and pyruvate, together with a proton across the plasma membrane. Melanocytic neoplasia occurs frequently in dogs, but the prognosis is highly site-dependent. In this study, 50 oral canine melanomas, which were subdivided into 3 histologic subtypes, and 17 ocular canine melanocytic neoplasms (14 melanocytomas and 3 melanomas) were used to examine and compare MCT1 expression. Immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal chicken anti-rat MCT1 antibody showed that most oral melanoma exhibited cell membrane staining, although there were no significant differences observed among the 3 histologic subtypes. In contrast, the majority of ocular melanocytic tumors were not immunoreactive. Additionally, we documented the presence of a 45-kDa band in cell membrane protein Western blots, and sequencing of a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction band of expected size confirmed its identity as a partial canine MCT1 transcript in 3 oral tumors. Increased MCT1 expression in oral melanomas compared with ocular melanocytic tumors may reflect the very different biology between these tumors in dogs. These results are the first to document canine MCT1 expression in canine tumors and suggest that increased MCT1 expression may provide a potential therapeutic target for oral melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Shimoyama
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582-1 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Asadi-Amoli F, Nozarian Z, Bonaki HN, Mehrtash V, Entezari S. Clinicopathologic Assessment of Ocular Adnexal Lymphoproliferative Lesions at a Tertiary Eye Hospital in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:3727-3731. [PMID: 27644607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common type of ocular lymphoma is non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), categorized into two groups: indolent (slow growing) and aggressive (rapid growing). Differentiating benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) from malignant ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL) is challenging. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ow cytometry have been used as diagnostic tools in such cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective case series, from 2002 to 2013 at Farabi Eye Center, 110 patients with ocular lymphoproliferative disease were enrolled. Prevalence, anatomical locations, mean age at diagnosis and the nal diagnosis of the disease with IHC were assessed. Comparison between previous pathologic diagnoses and results of IHC was made. Immunoglobulin light chains and B-cell and T-cell markers and other immuno-phenotyping markers including CD20, CD3, CD5, CD23, CD10, CYCLIND1 and BCL2 were evaluated to determine the most accurate diagnosis. The lymphomas were categorized based on revised European-American lymphoma (REAL) classi cation. RESULTS Mean age±SD (years) of the patients was 55.6 ±19.3 and 61% were male. Patients with follicular lymphoma, large B-cell lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small cell lymphoma (CLL/SLL) tended to be older. Nine patients with previous diagnoses of low grade B-cell lymphoma were re-evaluated by IHC and the new diagnoses were as follows: extranodal marginal zone lymphoma(EMZL) (n=1), SLL(n=1), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (n=3), reactive lymphoid hyperplasia RLH (n=2). Two cases were excluded due to poor blocks. Flow cytometry reports in these seven patients revealed SLL with positive CD5 and CD23, MCL with positive CD5 and CyclinD1 and negative CD23, EMZL with negative CD5,CD23 and CD10. One RLH patient was negative for Kappa/Lambda and positive for CD3 and CD20 and the other was positive for all of the light chains, CD3 and CD20. Orbit (49.1%), conjunctiva (16.1%) and lacrimal glands (16.1%) were the most common sites of involvement. CONCLUSIONS Accurate pathological classi cation of lesions is crucial to determine proper therapeutic approaches. This can be achieved through precise histologic and IHC analyses by expert pathologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Asadi-Amoli
- Department of pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Janakiram TN, Sagar S, Sharma SB, Subramaniam V. Primary Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Sac - a Case Report and Literature Review. Klin Onkol 2016; 29:291-294. [PMID: 27534787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lacrimal sac tumors are very rare and are often missed because patients present with features consistent with chronic dacryocystitis. Squamous cell carcinoma is the common-est lacrimal sac malignancy. Although primary mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the lacrimal sac are rare, they are locally aggressive. Furthermore, their proximity to vital structures and the skull base makes them potentially life-threatening. Multidisciplinary management is required, and wide excision followed by chemoradiation is the recommended treatment. CASE Here, we report a 65-year-old male who presented with watering eyes and a mass in the region of the medial canthus. A dia-gnosis of primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal sac was made, and the case was managed successfully with radical surgery and reconstruction. The tumor was resected using the extended Lynch-Howarth incision and the resulting defect was reconstructed using a forehead flap. Histopathological examination of the excised specimen revealed mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the speci-men was positive for epithelial growth factor receptor and Ki-67 protein. The patient was referred for post-operative chemoradiation. The literature is reviewed and pathological features, including immunohistochemistry are discussed. CONCLUSION Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal sac is a rare, locally aggressive tumor that is often mistaken for dacryocystitis. The treatment of choice is radical surgery followed by chemoradiation. KEY WORDS lacrimal sac - mucoepidermoid carcinoma - epithelial growth factor receptor - Ki-67 protein.
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu X, Zhou P, Lu Y, Luo Y. [Progresses of DNA methylation in common ocular tumor]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2015; 51:950-954. [PMID: 26888278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a major event of epigenetic modifications. In the presence of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), the addition of methyl groups from cytosines can impact gene expression and alter cell and organism function. Methyl groups of CpG sites in the promoter can directly interfere with binding of transcription factors to their recognition cis elements or, on the other side, can facilitate interaction with a family of methyl-binding proteins and result in gene silencing. Analysis of DNA methylation includes genome-wide DNA methylation assessment, analysis of gene-specific DNA methylation and finding of new DNA methylation sites. The implication of DNA methylation has been suggested with the pathogenesis of retinoblastoma, uveal tract melanoma and ocular surface tumor. We focus on the progresses of DNA methylation on ocular tumors in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee MJ, Kim N, Choe JY, Khwarg SI, Jeon YK, Choung HK, Kim JE. Clinicopathological Analysis of Ocular Adnexal Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma with IgG4-Positive Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131458. [PMID: 26111022 PMCID: PMC4481416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to analyze clinical and pathological
characteristics of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone B-cell
lymphoma (EMZL) accompanying IgG4-positive cells. Fifty patients with a diagnosis of primary non-conjunctival ocular adnexal EMZL were enrolled in this study. The number of IgG4-positive cells and the ratio of IgG/IgG4 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in the biopsy specimens. The patients were divided into two groups based on the absolute number and the ratio of IgG4-positive cells (IgG4-posivite vs IgG4-negative groups). The demographic data, clinical staging at diagnosis, histopathological characteristics, and response to initial treatment were comparatively analyzed between the 2 groups. Five (10%) of 50 patients were defined as IgG4-positive group, and all the cases showed characteristic histological features such as extensive plasma cell infiltration and dense fibrosis. Most of these patients (4 of 5 patients) had lymphoma of the lacrimal gland. The patients from the IgG4-positive group showed a lower response rate to initial treatment (87.5 vs 33%, p = 0.03) than IgG4-negative group with a median follow-up period of 38 months. A part of the ocular adnexal EMZLs were accompanied with IgG4-positive cells. Significantly, most IgG4-positive ocular adnexal EMZLs occurred in the lacrimal gland, and can be related with a more frequent treatment failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Joung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Namju Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Choe
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam, Korea
| | - Sang In Khwarg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Kyung Choung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (HKC); (JEK)
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (HKC); (JEK)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kurdi M, Allen L, Wehrli B, Chakrabarti S. Solitary fibrous tumour of the lacrimal sac presenting with recurrent dacryocystitis. Can J Ophthalmol 2015; 49:e108-10. [PMID: 25284109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
22
|
Nagata M, Nakamura T, Sotozono C, Inatomi T, Yokoi N, Kinoshita S. LRIG1 as a potential novel marker for neoplastic transformation in ocular surface squamous neoplasia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93164. [PMID: 24709893 PMCID: PMC3977825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The leucine rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like protein 1 (LRIG1) is a newly discovered negative regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and a proposed tumor suppressor. It is not universally downregulated in human cancers, and its role in neoplastic transformation and tumorigenesis is not well-documented. In this study, we show the expression of LRIG1 as a novel potential marker for neoplastic transformation in ocular-surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). The following two groups were included in this study: 1) benign group (3 cases; 1 with papilloma and 2 with dysplasia) and 2) malignant group (3 cases with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)). In both groups, immunofluorescence analysis was firstly performed for keratins 4, 12, 13, and 15 to characterize the state of differentiation, and for Ki67 to evaluate the proliferation activity. Subsequently, LRIG1 and EGFR expression was analyzed. Either keratin 4 and/or 13, both non-keratinized epithelial cell markers, were generally expressed in both groups, except for 1 severe SCC case. Keratin 15, an undifferentiated basal cell marker, was more strongly expressed in the malignant cases than in the benign cases. The Ki67 index was significantly higher (P<0.002) in the malignant group (33.2%) than in the benign group (10.9%). LRIG1 expression was limited to basal epithelial cells in normal corneal epithelial tissue. Interestingly, LRIG1 was expressed throughout the epithelium in all the benign cases. In contrast, its expression was limited or totally disappeared in the malignant cases. Inversely, EGFR staining was faintly expressed in the benign cases, yet strongly expressed in the malignant cases. Malignant tissue with proliferative potential presented EGFR overexpression and inverse downregulation of LRIG1, consistent with LRIG1 being a suppressor of neoplastic transformation by counteracting the tumor growth property of EGFR. Our findings indicate that downregulation of LRIG1 is possibly a novel potential marker of transformation and tumorigenesis in OSSN cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maho Nagata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Research Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Chie Sotozono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Inatomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norihiko Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kinoshita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Intraductal carcinoma has been described in the salivary glands as a relatively benign tumour with low-grade histopathologic features. To our knowledge, this tumour has not previously been reported in the lacrimal gland. We report the first case of low-grade intraductal carcinoma occurring in the lacrimal gland. This tumour was discovered incidentally on neuro-imaging in an asymptomatic 65-year-old patient. Incisional biopsy revealed uniform, polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and minimal nuclear atypia, arranged in solid, cribiform and micropapillary nests. The patient underwent complete surgical excision with no evidence of recurrence at 8 months of follow-up.
Collapse
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Strianese
- Department of Neuroscience, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mendoza PR, Jakobiec FA, Krane JF. Immunohistochemical features of lacrimal gland epithelial tumors. Am J Ophthalmol 2013; 156:1147-1158.e1. [PMID: 23972314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the immunohistochemical features of ocular adnexal pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. DESIGN Retrospective clinicopathologic study. METHODS Clinical records and microscopic slides of 7 cases of each tumor type were reviewed. Immunohistochemical probes for Ki-67 and p53, and newer nuclear markers MYB for adenoid cystic carcinoma and PLAG1 for pleomorphic adenoma, were employed. RESULTS Pleomorphic adenomas were asymptomatic, whereas adenoid cystic carcinomas were painful. No pleomorphic adenomas recurred; 4 adenoid cystic carcinomas recurred, resulting in 3 deaths. Unusual histopathologic variants for which immunohistochemistry proved useful included a myoepithelioma, an atypical pleomorphic adenoma, tubular and solid/basaloid variants of adenoid cystic carcinoma, and a morphologically heterogeneous adenoid cystic carcinoma of a Wolfring gland. For the pleomorphic adenomas, the average Ki-67 proliferation index was 3.8%; p53 was weakly staining, with an average positivity of 18.5%; PLAG1 was strongly positive in all cases; MYB was negative in 5 cases and weakly focally positive in 2 cases. For the adenoid cystic carcinomas, the average Ki-67 proliferation index was 29.1%; p53 stained positively and strongly with an average of 39%; none stained positively for PLAG1; and 6 out of 7 were MYB positive. CONCLUSIONS Between pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma, there was no overlap in Ki-67 positivity. Positivity for p53 showed overlap in only one lesion of each type. PLAG1 and MYB positivity were highly discriminating between pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis should be investigated further for its role in the evaluation of pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pia R Mendoza
- David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Raja H, Snyder MR, Johnston PB, O’Neill BP, Caraballo JN, Balsanek JG, Peters BE, Decker PA, Pulido JS. Effect of intravitreal methotrexate and rituximab on interleukin-10 levels in aqueous humor of treated eyes with vitreoretinal lymphoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65627. [PMID: 23750271 PMCID: PMC3672178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraocular cytokines are promising diagnostic biomarkers of vitreoretinal lymphoma. Here, we evaluate the utility of IL-10, IL-6 and IL-10/IL-6 for discriminating lymphoma from uveitis and report the effects of intraocular methotrexate and rituximab on aqueous cytokine levels in eyes with lymphoma. This is a retrospective case series including 10 patients with lymphoma and 7 patients with uveitis. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney analysis was performed to determine statistical significance of difference in interleukin levels between lymphoma and uveitis. Compared to eyes with uveitis, eyes with lymphoma had higher levels of IL-10 (U = 7.0; two-tailed p = 0.004) and IL-10/IL-6 (U = 6.0; two-tailed p = 0.003), whereas IL-6 levels were more elevated, although insignificant, in those patients with uveitis than in lymphoma (U = 15.0; two-tailed p = ns). Using a receiver operating characteristic analysis to identify threshold values diagnostic for lymphoma, optimal sensitivity and specificity improved to 80.0% and 100%, respectively, for IL-10>7.025 pg/ml and 90.0% and 100.0%, respectively, for IL-10/IL-6>0.02718. In patients in whom serial interleukin levels were available, regular intravitreal treatment with methotrexate and rituximab was associated with reduction in IL-10 levels over time. In conclusion, optimal IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 threshold values are associated with a diagnostic sensitivity ≥80% and specificity of 100%. Therefore, these cytokines may serve as a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of lymphoma. While negative IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 values do not exclude a diagnosis of lymphoma, elevated levels do appear to be consistent with lymphoma clinically. Moreover, elevated levels of IL-10 in the setting of a clinically quiet eye may point to impending disease recurrence. Lastly, once lymphoma is diagnosed, IL-10 levels can be monitored over time to assess disease activity and therapeutic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harish Raja
- Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Melissa R. Snyder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Antibody Immunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Patrick B. Johnston
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Brian P. O’Neill
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Juline N. Caraballo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Joseph G. Balsanek
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Brian E. Peters
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Paul A. Decker
- Department of Biomedical Statistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jose S. Pulido
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jazirehi AR, Torres-Collado AX, Nazarian R. Epigenetic regulation of melanoma tumor suppressor miRNA-124a. Epigenomics 2013; 5:251-252. [PMID: 24303550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
|
28
|
Shah SJ, Ali MJ, Mulay K, Honavar SG, Reddy VA. Primary intraocular malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor: a clinicopathological correlation. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013; 50 Online:e18-20. [PMID: 24601412 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20130423-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor is a rare and highly aggressive tumor of childhood. Intraocular involvement by malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor has only been described once as a metastasis. No report exists in published literature describing a primary intraocular malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor. The authors report the first such case along with its clinico-radiological features and histopathologic and electron microscopic characteristics.
Collapse
|
29
|
Cui L, Guan Y, Qu Z, Zhang J, Liao B, Ma B, Qian J, Li D, Li W, Xu GT, Jin Y. WNT signaling determines tumorigenicity and function of ESC-derived retinal progenitors. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:1647-61. [PMID: 23524971 PMCID: PMC3613909 DOI: 10.1172/jci65048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor formation constitutes a major obstacle to the clinical application of embryonic stem cell-derived (ESC-derived) cells. In an attempt to find major extracellular signaling and intrinsic factors controlling tumorigenicity and therapeutic functionality of transplanted ESC-derived retinal progenitor cells (ESC-RPCs), we evaluated multiple kinds of ESC-RPCs in a mouse retinal degeneration model and conducted genome-wide gene expression profiling. We identified canonical WNT signaling as a critical determinant for the tumorigenicity and therapeutic function of ESC-RPCs. The function of WNT signaling is primarily mediated by TCF7, which directly induces expression of Sox2 and Nestin. Inhibition of WNT signaling, overexpression of dominant-negative Tcf7, and silencing Tcf7, Sox2, or Nestin all resulted in drastically reduced tumor formation and substantially improved retinal integration and visual preservation in mice. These results demonstrate that the WNT signaling cascade plays a critical role in modulating the tumorigenicity and functionality of ESC-derived progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zepeng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bing Liao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jiang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dangsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Weiye Li
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ying Jin
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Media, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fisson S, Ouakrim H, Touitou V, Baudet S, Ben Abdelwahed R, Donnou S, Miloudi A, Galand C, Bodaghi B, Lehoang P, Brissard M, Le Garff-Tavernier M, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C, Cassoux N, Merle-Béral H. Cytokine profile in human eyes: contribution of a new cytokine combination for differential diagnosis between intraocular lymphoma or uveitis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52385. [PMID: 23405064 PMCID: PMC3566156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL), also called primary vitreoretinal lymphomas, often masquerades as uveitis. This misdiagnosis can result in subsequent brain involvement and oculocerebral lymphoma (OCL). In this study, we sought to characterize the helper T-cell type 1 (Th1)/Th2 cytokine profile in vitreous samples from patients with PIOL, OCL, uveitis and controls with non-inflammatory disease. Vitreous and aqueous humor samples from 87 patients with PIOL (n = 30), OCL (n = 12), uveitis (n = 34), and retinal detachment (RD) without hemorrhage (n = 11) were analyzed and their concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were determined by flow cytometric bead arrays (CBA). The IL-10 levels determined by CBA were compared with those by ELISA. IL-10 concentrations measured by CBA and ELISA were highly correlated. IL-2, IL-4, and TNFα were not detected in any sample. The only cytokine detected at a significant level in samples from RD vitreous was IL-6. The IL-10/IL-6 ratio, as previously reported, was slightly higher in PIOL than in uveitis samples, but not for all patients. Cytokine profiles from PIOL and OCL samples did not differ. The combination of the IL-10/IL-6 and IL-10/IFNγ ratios was highly informative for discriminating PIOL/OCL from uveitis samples and for therapeutic follow up of PIOL. This strategy might be very helpful as an initial screening to rule out PIOL in patients thought to have uveitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Fisson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang L, Zhang H, Song GX, Lin TT, Xu GC, Zhu LM. [The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal gland]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2013; 49:58-63. [PMID: 23601468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of matrix metal proteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal gland as well as their relation with biological behaviour of adenoid cystic carcinoma. METHODS Experimental study. The research objects were 60 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal gland which were collected from No.2 Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 1991 to Jule 2011. There were 25 males and 35 females aged from 29 to 42 years. Based on histological revision, there were 36 cases of cribriform-tubular subtype and 24 cases of solid subtype. Forty-five cases were primary lesions and 15 cases were recurrent lesions. Ten samples of normal lacrimal gland around polymorphic adenoma were selected as the control group. The expression of CD105, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The microvessel density (MVD) was defined by expression of CD105. One way ANOVA, χ(2)-test and spearman correlation test were used to analyzed the data. RESULTS The number of MVD [(17.71 ± 5.63)/100 folds field of vision] and the positive rates of MMP-2 (45.0%, 27/60) and MMP-9 (55.0%, 33/60) in the samples of adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal gland were higher than those in the normal lacrimal gland [the number of MVD was (0.70 ± 0.95)/100 folds field of vision, the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were negative] (t' = 2.039, P < 0.05; χ(2) = 5.550, P < 0.05; χ(2) = 8.315, P < 0.01), the solid subtypes had more MVD [(26.12 ± 5.32)/100 folds field of vision] and higher positive rates of MMP-2 (62.5%, 15/24) and MMP-9 (79.2%, 19/24) than the cribriform-tubular subtypes (t' = 2.060, P < 0.05; χ(2) = 4.950, P < 0.05; χ(2) = 9.439, P < 0.05); the recurrent lesions had more MVD and higher positive rate of MMP-2 and MMP-9 than the primary lesions (t' = 2.129, P < 0.05; χ(2) = 9.899, P < 0.05; χ(2) = 8.103, P < 0.05). The number of MVD in ACC of lacrimal gland patients was correlated with the positive rate of MMP-2 and MMP-9 respectively (rs = 0.636, P < 0.05; rs = 0.524, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The number of MVD and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 are higher level in adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal gland and are significantly correlated with pathological type and recurrence. Detecting the number of MVD and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 may become biological indexes for malignancy, recurrence and metastasis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, the Ophthalmic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yan Q, Wang M, Moody S, Xue X, Huang Y, Bi Y, Du MQ. Distinct involvement of NF-κB regulators by somatic mutation in ocular adnexal malt lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2012; 160:851-4. [PMID: 23240725 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
33
|
Zhang JJ, Zhao GQ, Lin H, Yang X, Lin J. [The expression and meanning of Skp2, p27, PTEN proteins in non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma of ocular adnexa]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2012; 48:1107-1112. [PMID: 23336417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and the correlation of protein of S-phase kinase association protein 2(Skp2), p27 and phosphatases phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) in non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma (NHL)of ocular adnexa. METHODS Experimental study. Paraffin sections were collected from patients suffering from B cell NHL (n = 30) in Qingdao Affiliated Hospital from January 1995 to January 2011 and lymphadenosis (n = 10) of ocular adnexa as the control group. The expression of Skp2, p27 and PTEN proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry and the positive expression rate between lymphomas and lymphadenosis was compared by χ(2) inspection. Spearman rank correlation was used to estimate the relationships among three proteins in ocular lymphoma. Pathologic grade were evaluated as independent factor of clinical information. RESULTS The expression of three proteins were related to pathologic type of tumors, but not related to age, gender, pathogenetic locations. In non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma of ocular adnexa, the expression of Skp2 (76.7%, 23/30) was higher than that in control group (0/10) (χ(2) = 19.79, P = 0.001), while the expression of p27 (73.3%, 22/30) and PTEN (56.7%, 17/30) was lower than that in the control group (10/10 and 10/10) (χ(2) = 8.37, P = 0.039;χ(2) = 13.48, P = 0.004). With the increase of pathologic grade, Skp2 labeling frequency increase gradually, while p27 and PTEN labeling frequency decrease gradually;there was a negative correlation between p27 and Skp2 in MALT (r = -0.134, P < 0.05) while there was a positive correlation between p27 and PTEN (r = 0.828, P < 0.05). The relationship between Skp2 and PTEN was also negative (r = -0.883, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The higher expression of Skp2 and lower expression of p27 and PTEN may play a role in the tumorigenesis and different pathologic type of the B cell NHL of ocular adnexa. The expressions of three proteins correlate with each other in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-jing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu F, Karube K, Kato H, Arita K, Yoshida N, Yamamoto K, Tsuzuki S, Kim W, Ko YH, Seto M. Mutation analysis of NF-κB signal pathway-related genes in ocular MALT lymphoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2012; 5:436-441. [PMID: 22808296 PMCID: PMC3396059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation has been reported in ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL). TNFAIP3/A20 is a "global" inhibitor of NF-κB pathway. We have shown that OAL has preferential loss of the 6q23.3 region where TNFAIP3/A20 exist, which is suggested to involve in lymphomagenesis of OAL. The mechanisms causing NF-κB activity in OAL remain elusive. Recently, NF-κB canonical pathway genes including CARD11, CD79B and MYD88 were shown to be frequently mutated in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. In this study, we analyzed the mutation status of these genes by direct sequencing in 24 OAL cases including 9 cases with loss of 6q23.3 previously identified by array comparative genomic hybridization. We showed that genetic alterations of these genes were not found in OAL, a finding differing from that of most B-cell lymphomas. Genetic or epigenetic alterations in other genes are likely to be relevant in pathogenesis of OAL case without A20 loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
| | - Kennosuke Karube
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
| | - Harumi Kato
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya, Japan
| | - Kotaro Arita
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yoshida
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Yamamoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tsuzuki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
| | - Wonseog Kim
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hyeh Ko
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Korea
| | - Masao Seto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jakobiec FA, Zakka FR, Kirzhner M, Kim N. Epstein-Barr virus-positive T-cell lymphoma involving the lacrimal gland of an adult. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 130:523-5. [PMID: 22491926 DOI: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
36
|
Baldea I, Filip AG. Photodynamic therapy in melanoma--an update. J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 63:109-118. [PMID: 22653896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma, a cancer that arises from melanocytes is one of the most unresponsive cancers to known therapies. Several studies showed encouraging results of the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using different experimental settings in vitro and in vivo as well as a few clinical reports, suggesting a possible role as an adjuvant therapy in the management of advanced melanoma (stage III and IV). In experimental settings, PDT using different protocols on human and mice melanoma cells induced significant apoptosis, necrosis, tumor growth arrest and prolonged the survival of the animals, but seldom achieved complete remission and/or was followed by recurrence and side effects. Clinical reports showed regression of choroidal melanoma and skin melanoma metastasis following PDT. PDT consists in administration of a photosensitizer, which undergoes excitation after suitable irradiation emitted from a light source and generates singlet oxygen (¹O₂) and other cytotoxic oxygen species such as superoxide anion radical (O₂·⁻) and hydroxyl radical (OH·). The antitumor effects result from the combination of direct tumor cell photodamage, destruction of tumor vasculature and activation of an immune response. To increase the effectiveness of PDT in melanoma, the therapy has to overcome the protective mechanisms like pigmentation and increased oxidative stress defense, possibly through inhibition of melanogenesis and melanosome targeted photosensitizers. The optimal protocols for tumor and vascular targeted PDT could destroy melanoma and endothelial tumor cells and activate the immune response, thus increasing the overall efficacy. Combination of PDT with immune stimulation therapies might increase the efficiency in destroying the initial tumor as well as micro metastases and decrease the melanoma relapses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Baldea
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Golik P, Tońska K. [Comparison of the biological principles underlying the action of monoclonal antibody (mAb) and decoy receptor anti-VEGF agents--on the example of ranibizumab (anti-VEGF-A mAb) and aflibercept (decoy VEGFR1-2 receptor)]. Klin Oczna 2012; 114:79-83. [PMID: 22783753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Current state-of-the-art anti-angiogenic therapies target the VEGF pathway, which is the main essential signaling pathway for angiogenesis, including pathological angiogenesis in cancer and eye disease. Ranibizumab (Lucentis) and VEGF-Trap (aflibercept) represent two different approaches to inhibiting angiogenesis by targeting VEGF family signaling. The former is a relatively short monoclonal antibody fragment, which binds VEGF-A on the basis of antigen recognition by the variable region of an antibody, while aflibercept is not an monoclonal antibody, but a decoy receptor, binding VEGF-A on the basis of the molecular interaction between the ligand (VEGF) and its cognate cellular receptor (VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2). VEGF-Trap has therefore a broader specificity, recognizing and binding VEGF-B and PIGF in addition to VEGF-A, following the specificity of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. This broader specificity is considered as beneficial in cancer treatment and could be also beneficial in treatment of nAMD, this claim should, however, be backed by clinical studies. The presence of an Fc fragment in VEGF-Trap is also an important difference; even though this fragment does not participate in the recognition of the target molecule, it can influence the biological properties of the fusion protein. The relative merits of both approaches will become clear only after long-term laboratory and clinical testing, as their biological activity is also likely to differ. Given the clear differences in the mechanism of target molecule recognition, biochemical and biophysical properties (including molecular weight) and specificity, they cannot be considered as equivalent, unless extensive long-term clinical studies prove otherwise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Golik
- Instytut Genetyki i Biotechnologii Wydziału Biologii Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Malinvaud D, Badoual C, Rubio MT, Halimi P, Bonfils P. Extraosseous plasmacytoma of the lacrimal duct. B-ENT 2012; 8:285-288. [PMID: 23409559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extraosseous plasmacytoma (EOP) is a rare plasma cell proliferative disorder that commonly affects the head and neck region. We report the first case of a plasmacytoma of the lacrimal duct. METHODS A 66-year-old man presented with an isolated plasmacytoma of the right lacrimal duct and was treated surgically. RESULTS The tumour grew slowly for a few months. CT scan and MRI showed a right lateral nasal mass extending from the right lacrimal duct toward the floor of the right maxillary sinus. The lesion was removed completely by endoscopic nasal surgery. DISCUSSION EOP accounts for up to 3% of all plasma cell tumours. Management of this rare lesion involves surgery and radiotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. Guided by a literature review, we discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic management of EOP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Malinvaud
- Department of ENT and Auditory Research Laboratory, Formation Associée Claude Bernard and CNRS UMR 8194, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Faculté de médecine Paris V, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Galand C, Donnou S, Crozet L, Brunet S, Touitou V, Ouakrim H, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C, Fisson S. Th17 cells are involved in the local control of tumor progression in primary intraocular lymphoma. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24622. [PMID: 21949734 PMCID: PMC3176763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Th17 cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, but despite some reports of their antitumor properties, too little is known about their presence and role in cancers. Specifically, knowledge is sparse about the relation of Th17 to lymphoma microenvironments and, more particularly, to the microenvironment of primary intraocular B-cell lymphoma (PIOL), an aggressive lymphoma with a poor prognosis. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this work, we investigated the presence of Th17 cells and their related cytokines in a syngeneic model of PIOL, a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The very small number of lymphocytes trafficking in normal eyes, which represent a low background as compared to tumor-bearing eyes, allows us to develop the present model to characterize the different lymphocyte subsets present when a tumor is developing. IL-21 mRNA was expressed concomitantly with IL-17 mRNA in tumor-bearing eyes and intracellular expression of IL-17A and IL-21 in infiltrating CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Interestingly, IL-17A production by T cells was negatively correlated with tumor burden. We also showed that IL-21 but not IL-17 inhibits tumor cell proliferation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that IL-17A and IL-21-producing CD4(+) T cells, referred as Th17 cells, infiltrate this tumor locally and suggest that Th17-related cytokines may counteract tumor progression via IL-21 production. Thus, Th17 cells or their related cytokines could be considered to be a new therapeutic approach for non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas, particularly those with an ocular localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Galand
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Sabrina Donnou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Lucile Crozet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Brunet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Touitou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Hanane Ouakrim
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Wolf Herman Fridman
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Fisson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 872, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to make a nationwide clinicopathological study of oncocytic lesions in the ophthalmic region and to characterize their cytokeratin (CK) expression. METHODS All histologically diagnosed oncocytic lesions in the ophthalmic region registered in Denmark over a 25-year period were collected and re-evaluated using a monoclonal antimitochondrial antibody (MU213-UC). Clinical data were registered. Immunohistochemical characterization was performed with a panel of anti-CK antibodies. RESULTS A total of 34 oncocytic lesions were identified and reviewed. The incidence that required surgical intervention in the Danish population could be approximated to 0.3 lesions per million capita per year. Patient ages ranged from 45 years to 89 years, with a peak incidence in the eighth decade. Female patients were twice as common as male. Lesions were typically described as red–brown, cystic and slow-growing. The antimitochondrial antibody MU213-UC produced a distinct and intense immunostaining of all oncocytic lesions and was found to be useful in substantiating oncocytic differentiation. Twenty-six of the lesions originated in the caruncle, three in the conjunctiva, two in the lacrimal sac, one at the semilunar plica, one on the eyelid margin and one peripunctally. Lesions were histologically classified as adenoma (oncocytoma) (26), hyperplasia (4) and metaplasia (4). Fourteen oncocytic lesions representing different locations and differentiation were further evaluated for CK expression. Basal-type oncocytic cells reacted with antibodies against CK 5 ⁄ 6, CK 7, CK 8, CK 13, CK 14, CK 17, CK 18 and CK 19, and suprabasal cells with CK 4, CK 7, CK 8, CK 18 and CK 19. Antibodies against CK 1+10 and CK 20 showed no reaction. CONCLUSIONS Oncocytic lesions of the ophthalmic region most frequently present as caruncular oncocytomas. The CK profile is similar to the lacrimal- and accessory lacrimal gland duct elements and supports the theory that these lesions originate in the lacrimal- and accessory lacrimal glands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Østergaard
- Eye Pathology Section, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Missotten GS, Schlingemann RO, Jager MJ. Angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factors in intraocular tumors. Dev Ophthalmol 2010; 46:123-132. [PMID: 20703038 DOI: 10.1159/000320015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The role of angiogenesis in tumors appears obvious: without vessels, tumors cannot grow. However, the long-held belief that all human solid tumors are angiogenesis-dependent has been challenged by the universally disappointing results of anti-angiogenesis therapy in cancer. This may be explained by the fact that cooption of preexisting vasculature as a primary or secondary mechanism of tumor vascularization is more important than previously thought. Nevertheless, anti-angiogenesis therapy may play an important (adjuvant) role in the prevention of metastases of intraocular tumors (uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma). Antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy already plays an important role in the management of irradiation complications in tumor eyes.
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang XM, Zhang WY, Zhou YP, Mo XL, Li YP, Wang GQ, Zhou YQ, Zeng SE, Li GD, Ye HT. [Study on genetic aberrations of ocular mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas occurring in southern China]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2010; 39:513-517. [PMID: 21055028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the genetic aberrations of ocular extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type occurring in patients from southern China. METHODS Fifty seven paraffin-embedded ocular MALT lymphoma specimens from patients in southern China were studied by interphase fluorescence-in-situ hybridization (FISH) for genetic aberrations including t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1, t(1;14)(p22;q32)/IgH-bcl-10, t(14;18) (q32;q21)/IgH-MALT1 and bcl-6/FOXP1 gene translocations. RESULTS Amongst the 57 cases studied, 9 cases (15.8%) showed chromosome translocations, including 4 cases (7.0%) of t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1, 1 case (1.8%) of t(14;18) (q32;q21)/IgH-MALT1, 1 case (1.8%) of bcl-6 gene-related chromosome translocation and 3 cases (5.3%) of IgH-unknown translocation partner. FISH revealed 17 cases (29.8%) with 3 copies of bcl-6 gene, 21 cases (36.8%) with 3 copies of MALT1 gene and 12 cases (21.1%) with 3 copies of both genes. CONCLUSIONS The MALT lymphoma-associated chromosome translocations t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1 and t(14;18) (q32;q21)/IgH-MALT1 are demonstrated in ocular MALT lymphomas of southern Chinese patients. The prevalence is significantly different from that reported in northern Chinese and northern American patients, indicating a geographic heterogeneity in the MALT lymphoma-associated genetic aberrations. The presence of 3 copies of bcl-6 and MALT1 genes is the commonest genetic abnormalities observed in ocular MALT lymphomas, suggesting a possible role in MALT lymphomagenesis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Caspases/genetics
- Caspases/metabolism
- China
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Eye Neoplasms/genetics
- Eye Neoplasms/metabolism
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/metabolism
- Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation 1 Protein
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6
- Translocation, Genetic
- Trisomy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-mei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lian DWQ, Chau YP, Lee LKM, Teo C, Yap WM, Chuah KL. Ocular mantle cell lymphoma with aberrant CD10 expression: a potential diagnostic pitfall. Pathology 2010; 41:704-6. [PMID: 20001358 DOI: 10.3109/00313020903306645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
MESH Headings
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Diagnostic Errors/prevention & control
- Eye Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Eye Neoplasms/metabolism
- Eye Neoplasms/surgery
- Eyelids/pathology
- Eyelids/surgery
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Follicular/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/surgery
- Male
- Neprilysin/metabolism
- Translocation, Genetic
- Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/diagnosis
Collapse
|
44
|
Sandkull P, Seregard S. Malignant melanoma of soft parts arising from Tenon's capsule. Acta Ophthalmol 2009; 87:914-6. [PMID: 19154531 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
45
|
Abstract
Ocular oncologists require a strong indication for intraocular biopsy before the procedure can be performed because it carries a risk for serious eye complications and the dissemination of malignant cells. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the extent to which this restricted practice is supported by evidence from previous reports and to outline our main indications and contraindications. The different intraocular biopsy techniques in the anterior and posterior segment are discussed with a focus on our preferred method, fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). In the literature, complications are typically under-reported, which reduces the possibilities of evaluating the risks correctly and of making fair comparisons with other biopsy methods. In FNAB, the exact placement of the needle is critical, as is an accurate assessment of the size of the lesion. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is usually not a reliable diagnostic tool in lesions < 2 mm in thickness. It is very advantageous to have a cytopathologist present in the operating theatre or close by. This ensures adequate sampling and encourages repeated biopsy attempts if necessary. This approach reduces false negative results to < 3%. Adjunct immunocytochemistry is documented to increase specificity and is essential for diagnosis and management in about 10% of cases. In some rare pathological processes the diagnosis depends ultimately on the identification of specific cell markers. An accurate diagnosis may have a decisive influence on prognosis. The cytogenetic prognostications made possible after FNAB are reliable. Biopsy by FNA has a low complication rate. The calculated risk for retinal detachment is < 4%. Intraocular haemorrhage is frequently observed, but clears spontaneously in nearly all cases. Only a single case of epibulbar seeding of malignant cells at the scleral pars plana puncture site of transvitreal FNAB has been documented. Endophthalmitis has been reported and adequate standard preoperative preparation is obligatory. An open biopsy is still an option in the anterior segment, but has been abandoned in the posterior segment. Although vitrectomy-based procedures are becoming increasingly popular, we recommend using FNAB as part of a stepwise approach. A vitrectomy-assisted biopsy should be considered in cases where FNAB fails. In any adult patient with suspected intraocular malignancy in which enucleation is not the obvious treatment, the clinician should strive for a diagnosis based on biopsy. When the lesion is too small for biopsy or the risks related to the procedure are too great, it is reasonable to be reluctant to biopsy. The standards applied in the treatment of intraocular malignant diseases should be equivalent to those in other fields of oncology. Our view is controversial and contrary to opinion that supports current standards of care for this group of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Eide
- Vitreoretinal and Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Maleki B, Heathcote JG, Valenzuela AA. Unusual CD34-positive lacrimal sac fibroma. Can J Ophthalmol 2009; 44:218-9. [PMID: 19491967 DOI: 10.3129/i09-012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Abstract
The homeobox gene superfamily encodes transcription factors that act as master regulators of development through their ability to activate or repress a diverse range of downstream target genes. Numerous families exist within the homeobox gene superfamily, and are classified on the basis of conservation of their homeodomains as well as additional motifs that contribute to DNA binding and to interactions with other proteins. Members of one such family, the Six family, form a transcriptional complex with Eya and Dach proteins, and together these proteins make up part of the retinal determination network first identified in Drosophila. This network is highly conserved in both invertebrate and vertebrate species, where it influences the development of numerous organs in addition to the eye, primarily through regulation of cell proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion. Mutations in Six, Eya, and Dach genes have been identified in a variety of human genetic disorders, demonstrating their critical role in human development. In addition, aberrant expression of Six, Eya, and Dach occurs in numerous human tumors, and Six1, in particular, plays a causal role both in tumor initiation and in metastasis. Emerging evidence for the importance of Six family members and their cofactors in numerous human tumors suggests that targeting of this complex may be a novel and powerful means to inhibit both tumor growth and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L Christensen
- Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Affiliation(s)
- Brett Sramek
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li BZ, Yang WT, Zhou XY, Fan YZ, Lu HF, Shi DR. [Abnormal BCL10 nuclear expression and chromosomal translocation in ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2008; 44:545-548. [PMID: 19035248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the BCL10 expression and several types of chromosomal translocations [including t (11;18)/API2-MALT1; t (1;14)/IgH- BCL10 and t (14;18)/MALT1-IgH] in ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas (OA-MALT lymphomas). METHODS Sixty OA-MALT lymphomas were collected from Cancer Hospital of Fudan University. BCL10 was detected by immunohistochemical studies, and API2-MALT1 fusion gene, BCL10, MALT1 and IgH chromosomal abnormalities were detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the relation between nuclear BCL10 expression and chromosomal translocation. RESULTS BCL10 expressed in 85.0% (51/60) OA-MALT lymphomas. Among these positive cases, 25 cases (41.7%) were expressed in the cytoplasm, and 26 cases (43.3%) were expressed in the nucleus. FISH results showed that no chromosomal abnormalities related with BCL10 and IgH genes, except 2 cases with API2-MALT1 fusion gene. Under statistic of Fisher exact test, nuclear BCL10 expression and API2-MALT1 fusion gene were two independent factors (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS BCL10 nuclear expression is common in OA-MALT lymphomas and may be used as a potential marker for the diagnosis of MALT lymphomas arising from ocular adnexa. Aberrant chromosomal translocations reported in the other sites MALT lymphomas are rare in OA-MALT lymphomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai-zhou Li
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|