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Collier-Bain HD, Emery A, Causer AJ, Brown FF, Oliver R, Dutton D, Crowe J, Augustine D, Graby J, Leach S, Eddy R, Rothschild-Rodriguez D, Gray JC, Cragg MS, Cleary KL, Moore S, Murray J, Turner JE, Campbell JP. A single bout of vigorous intensity exercise enhances the efficacy of rituximab against human chronic lymphocytic leukaemia B-cells ex vivo. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 118:468-479. [PMID: 38503395 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is characterised by the clonal proliferation and accumulation of mature B-cells and is often treated with rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody immunotherapy. Rituximab often fails to induce stringent disease eradication, due in part to failure of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) which relies on natural killer (NK)-cells binding to rituximab-bound CD20 on B-cells. CLL cells are diffusely spread across lymphoid and other bodily tissues, and ADCC resistance in survival niches may be due to several factors including low NK-cell frequency and a suppressive stromal environment that promotes CLL cell survival. It is well established that exercise bouts induce a transient relocation of NK-cells and B-cells into peripheral blood, which could be harnessed to enhance the efficacy of rituximab in CLL by relocating both target and effector cells together with rituximab in blood. In this pilot study, n = 20 patients with treatment-naïve CLL completed a bout of cycling 15 % above anaerobic threshold for ∼ 30-minutes, with blood samples collected pre-, immediately post-, and 1-hour post-exercise. Flow cytometry revealed that exercise evoked a 254 % increase in effector (CD3-CD56+CD16+) NK-cells in blood, and a 67 % increase in CD5+CD19+CD20+ CLL cells in blood (all p < 0.005). NK-cells were isolated from blood samples pre-, and immediately post-exercise and incubated with primary isolated CLL cells with or without the presence of rituximab to determine specific lysis using a calcein-release assay. Rituximab-mediated cell lysis increased by 129 % following exercise (p < 0.001). Direct NK-cell lysis of CLL cells - independent of rituximab - was unchanged following exercise (p = 0.25). We conclude that exercise improved the efficacy of rituximab-mediated ADCC against autologous CLL cells ex vivo and propose that exercise should be explored as a means of enhancing clinical responses in patients receiving anti-CD20 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam J Causer
- Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Frankie F Brown
- Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom; School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Oliver
- Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom; Department for Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - David Dutton
- Department for Haematology, Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Crowe
- Department for Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Augustine
- Department of Cardiology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - John Graby
- Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Shoji Leach
- Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Eddy
- Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom
| | | | - Juliet C Gray
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Kirstie L Cleary
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Moore
- Department for Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - James Murray
- Department for Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - James E Turner
- Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom; School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - John P Campbell
- Department for Health, University of Bath, United Kingdom; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
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2
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Jeon MJ, Yu ES, Choi CW, Kim DS. Identification and overcoming rituximab resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using next-generation sequencing. Korean J Intern Med 2023; 38:893-902. [PMID: 37599392 PMCID: PMC10636549 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2023.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Although rituximab, an antiCD20 monoclonal antibody, has dramatically improved the clinical outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, rituximab resistance remains a challenge. METHODS We developed a rituximab-resistant cell line (RRCL) by sequential exposure to gradually increasing concentrations of rituximab in a rituximab-sensitive cell line (RSCL). When the same dose of rituximab was administered, RRCL showed a smaller decrease in cell viability and apoptosis than RSCL. To determine the differences in gene expression between RSCL and RRCL, we performed next-generation sequencing. RESULTS In total, 1,879 differentially expressed genes were identified, and in the over-representation analysis of Consensus-PathDB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway showed statistical significance. MAPK13, which encodes the p38δ protein, was expressed more than four-fold in RRCL. Western blot analysis revealed that phosphop38 expression mainwas increased in RRCL, and when p38 inhibitor was administered, phosphop38 expression was significantly decreased. Therefore, we hypothesized that p38 MAPK activation was associated with rituximab resistance. Previous studies have suggested that p38 is associated with NF-κB activation. Deferasirox has been reported to inhibit NF-κB activity and suppress phosphorylation of the MAPK pathway. Furthermore, it also has cytotoxic effects on various cancers and synergistic effects in overcoming drug resistance. In this study, we confirmed that deferasirox induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity in both RSCL and RRCL, and the combination of deferasirox and rituximab showed a synergistic effect in RRCL at all combination concentrations. CONCLUSION We suggest that p38 MAPK, especially p38δ, activation is associated with rituximab resistance, and deferasirox may be a candidate to overcome rituximab resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Rituximab/pharmacology
- Rituximab/therapeutic use
- Deferasirox/pharmacology
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 13/genetics
- NF-kappa B
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/genetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Apoptosis
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Cell Line, Tumor
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Jeon
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Sang Yu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Won Choi
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Sik Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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3
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Lee SM, Min SW, Kwon HS, Bae GD, Jung JH, Park HI, Lee SH, Lim CS, Ko BJ, Lee JC, Jung ST. Effective clearance of rituximab-resistant tumor cells by breaking the mirror-symmetry of immunoglobulin G and simultaneous binding to CD55 and CD20. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18275. [PMID: 37880350 PMCID: PMC10600224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), which eliminates aberrant target cells through the assembly and complex formation of serum complement molecules, is one of the major effector functions of anticancer therapeutic antibodies. In this study, we discovered that breaking the symmetry of natural immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies significantly increased the CDC activity of anti-CD20 antibodies. In addition, the expression of CD55 (a checkpoint inhibitor in the CDC cascade) was significantly increased in a rituximab-resistant cell line generated in-house, suggesting that CD55 overexpression might be a mechanism by which cancer cells acquire rituximab resistance. Based on these findings, we developed an asymmetric bispecific antibody (SBU-CD55 × CD20) that simultaneously targets both CD55 and CD20 to effectively eliminate rituximab-resistant cancer cells. In various cancer cell lines, including rituximab-resistant lymphoma cells, the SBU-CD55 × CD20 antibody showed significantly higher CDC activity than either anti-CD20 IgG antibody alone or a combination of anti-CD20 IgG antibody and anti-CD55 IgG antibody. Furthermore, the asymmetric bispecific antibody (SBU-CD55 × CD20) exhibited significantly higher CDC activity against rituximab-resistant cancer cells compared to other bispecific antibodies with symmetric features. These results demonstrate that enhancing CDC with an asymmetric CD55-binding bispecific antibody could be a new strategy for developing therapeutics to treat patients with relapsed or refractory cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Min Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, 77, Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Won Min
- SG Medical, 3-11, Ogeum-ro 13-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05548, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Sun Kwon
- SG Medical, 3-11, Ogeum-ro 13-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05548, Republic of Korea
| | - Gong-Deuk Bae
- SG Medical, 3-11, Ogeum-ro 13-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05548, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hae Jung
- SG Medical, 3-11, Ogeum-ro 13-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05548, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye In Park
- SG Medical, 3-11, Ogeum-ro 13-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05548, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Su Lim
- New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation 123, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Joon Ko
- School of Biopharmaceutical and Medical Science, Sungshin Women's University, 55, Dobonng-Ro 76ga-gil, Gangbuk, Seoul, 01133, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Chul Lee
- SG Medical, 3-11, Ogeum-ro 13-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05548, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Taek Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Human Genetics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Ito T, Minamitani T, Hayakawa M, Otsubo R, Akiba H, Tsumoto K, Matsumoto M, Yasui T. Optimization of anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies for the treatment of ADAMTS13-related bleeding disorder in patients receiving circulatory assist device support. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22341. [PMID: 34785706 PMCID: PMC8595387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01696-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type-1 motif 13)-related bleeding disorder has been frequently observed as a life-threatening clinical complication in patients carrying a circulatory assist device. Currently, treatment modalities for the bleeding disorder are very limited and not always successful. To address the unmet medical need, we constructed humanized antibodies of mouse anti-ADAMTS13 antibody A10 (mA10) by using complementarity-determining region (CDR) grafting techniques with human antibody frameworks, 8A7 and 16E8. The characteristics of the two humanized A10 antibodies, namely A10/8A7 and A10/16E8, were assessed in vitro and in silico. Among the two humanized A10 antibodies, the binding affinity of A10/16E8 to ADAMTS13 was comparable to that of mA10 and human-mouse chimeric A10. In addition, A10/16E8 largely inhibited the ADAMTS13 activity in vitro. The results indicated that A10/16E8 retained the binding affinity and inhibitory activity of mA10. To compare the antibody structures, we performed antibody structure modeling and structural similarity analysis in silico. As a result, A10/16E8 showed higher structural similarity to mA10, compared with A10/8A7, suggesting that A10/16E8 retains a native structure of mA10 as well as its antigen binding affinity and activity. A10/16E8 has great potential as a therapeutic agent for ADAMTS13-related bleeding disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Ito
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Takeharu Minamitani
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunobiologics Evaluation, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
- Toyama Prefectural Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Imizu-City, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, Toyama, 939-0363, Japan
| | - Masaki Hayakawa
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Ryota Otsubo
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunobiologics Evaluation, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Hiroki Akiba
- Laboratory of Advanced Biopharmaceuticals, Center for Drug Design Research (CDDR), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-shimoadachicho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Center for Drug Design Research (CDDR), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masanori Matsumoto
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Teruhito Yasui
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.
- Laboratory of Immunobiologics Evaluation, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Integrated Omics, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Facility of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
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5
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Hoffmann T, Rahfeld JU, Schenk M, Ponath F, Makioka K, Hutter-Paier B, Lues I, Lemere CA, Schilling S. Combination of the Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitor PQ912 (Varoglutamstat) and the Murine Monoclonal Antibody PBD-C06 (m6) Shows Additive Effects on Brain Aβ Pathology in Transgenic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111791. [PMID: 34769222 PMCID: PMC8584206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence suggests that pyroglutamate-modified Aβ (pGlu3-Aβ; AβN3pG) peptides play a pivotal role in the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Approaches targeting pGlu3-Aβ by glutaminyl cyclase (QC) inhibition (Varoglutamstat) or monoclonal antibodies (Donanemab) are currently in clinical development. Here, we aimed at an assessment of combination therapy of Varoglutamstat (PQ912) and a pGlu3-Aβ-specific antibody (m6) in transgenic mice. Whereas the single treatments at subtherapeutic doses show moderate (16–41%) but statistically insignificant reduction of Aβ42 and pGlu-Aβ42 in mice brain, the combination of both treatments resulted in significant reductions of Aβ by 45–65%. Evaluation of these data using the Bliss independence model revealed a combination index of ≈1, which is indicative for an additive effect of the compounds. The data are interpreted in terms of different pathways, in which the two drugs act. While PQ912 prevents the formation of pGlu3-Aβ in different compartments, the antibody is able to clear existing pGlu3-Aβ deposits. The results suggest that combination of the small molecule Varoglutamstat and a pE3Aβ-directed monoclonal antibody may allow a reduction of the individual compound doses while maintaining the therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Hoffmann
- Vivoryon Therapeutics N.V., Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Jens-Ulrich Rahfeld
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle, Germany; (J.-U.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Mathias Schenk
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle, Germany; (J.-U.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Falk Ponath
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd., Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.P.); (K.M.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Koki Makioka
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd., Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.P.); (K.M.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Birgit Hutter-Paier
- QPS Austria GmbH, Department of Neuropharmacology, Parkring 12, A-8074 Grambach, Austria;
| | - Inge Lues
- Vivoryon Therapeutics N.V., Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle, Germany;
| | - Cynthia A. Lemere
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd., Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.P.); (K.M.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Stephan Schilling
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle, Germany; (J.-U.R.); (M.S.)
- Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Bernburger Straße 55, 06366 Köthen, Germany
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (S.S.)
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Oriol-Tordera B, Olvera A, Duran-Castells C, Llano A, Mothe B, Massanella M, Dalmau J, Ganoza C, Sanchez J, Calle ML, Clotet B, Martinez-Picado J, Negredo E, Blanco J, Hartigan-O'Connor D, Brander C, Ruiz-Riol M. TL1A-DR3 Plasma Levels Are Predictive of HIV-1 Disease Control, and DR3 Costimulation Boosts HIV-1-Specific T Cell Responses. J Immunol 2020; 205:3348-3357. [PMID: 33177161 PMCID: PMC7725879 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Relative control of HIV-1 infection has been linked to genetic and immune host factors. In this study, we analyzed 96 plasma proteome arrays from chronic untreated HIV-1-infected individuals using the classificatory random forest approach to discriminate between uncontrolled disease (plasma viral load [pVL] >50,000 RNA copies/ml; CD4 counts 283 cells/mm3, n = 47) and relatively controlled disease (pVL <10,000 RNA copies/ml; CD4 counts 657 cells/mm3, n = 49). Our analysis highlighted the TNF molecule's relevance, in particular, TL1A (TNFSF15) and its cognate DR3 (TNFSRF25), both of which increased in the relative virus control phenotype. DR3 levels (in plasma and PBMCs) were validated in unrelated cohorts (including long-term nonprogressors), thus confirming their independence from CD4 counts and pVL. Further analysis in combined antiretroviral treatment (cART)-treated individuals with a wide range of CD4 counts (137-1835 cells/mm3) indicated that neither TL1A nor DR3 levels reflected recovery of CD4 counts with cART. Interestingly, in cART-treated individuals, plasma TL1A levels correlated with regulatory T cell frequencies, whereas soluble DR3 was strongly associated with the abundance of effector HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells. A positive correlation was also observed between plasma DR3 levels and the HIV-1-specific T cell responses. In vitro, costimulation of PBMC with DR3-specific mAb increased the magnitude of HIV-1-specific responses. Finally, in splenocytes of DNA.HTI-vaccinated mice, costimulation of HTI peptides and a DR3 agonist (4C12) intensified the magnitude of T cell responses by 27%. These data describe the role of the TL1A-DR3 axis in the natural control of HIV-1 infection and point to the use of DR3 agonists in HIV-1 vaccine regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Oriol-Tordera
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, de Fisiologia i d'Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Olvera
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Duran-Castells
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, de Fisiologia i d'Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anuska Llano
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Lluita contra la Sida i les Malalties Infeccioses, Servei de Malalties Infecciones Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Massanella
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Dalmau
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmela Ganoza
- Asociación Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion, Lima 15063, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martín de Porres, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Jorge Sanchez
- Asociación Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion, Lima 15063, Peru
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Centro de Investigaciones Tecnológicas, Biomédicas y Medioambientales, Bellavista, Lima 07006, Peru
| | - Maria Luz Calle
- Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Lluita contra la Sida i les Malalties Infeccioses, Servei de Malalties Infecciones Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eugènia Negredo
- Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Lluita contra la Sida i les Malalties Infeccioses, Servei de Malalties Infecciones Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dennis Hartigan-O'Connor
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616; and
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110
| | - Christian Brander
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Riol
- Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain;
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7
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Chida J, Hara H, Uchiyama K, Takahashi E, Miyata H, Kosako H, Tomioka Y, Ito T, Horiuchi H, Matsuda H, Kido H, Sakaguchi S. Prion protein signaling induces M2 macrophage polarization and protects from lethal influenza infection in mice. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008823. [PMID: 32845931 PMCID: PMC7489546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular prion protein, PrPC, is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored-membrane glycoprotein expressed most abundantly in neuronal and to a lesser extent in non-neuronal cells. Its conformational conversion into the amyloidogenic isoform in neurons is a key pathogenic event in prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in animals. However, the normal functions of PrPC remain largely unknown, particularly in non-neuronal cells. Here we show that stimulation of PrPC with anti-PrP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) protected mice from lethal infection with influenza A viruses (IAVs), with abundant accumulation of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages with activated Src family kinases (SFKs) in infected lungs. A SFK inhibitor dasatinib inhibited M2 macrophage accumulation in IAV-infected lungs after treatment with anti-PrP mAbs and abolished the anti-PrP mAb-induced protective activity against lethal influenza infection in mice. We also show that stimulation of PrPC with anti-PrP mAbs induced M2 polarization in peritoneal macrophages through SFK activation in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that PrPC could activate SFK in macrophages and induce macrophage polarization to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype after stimulation with anti-PrP mAbs, thereby eliciting protective activity against lethal infection with IAVs in mice after treatment with anti-PrP mAbs. These results also highlight PrPC as a novel therapeutic target for IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Chida
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, The Institute for Enzyme Research (KOSOKEN), Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hara
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, The Institute for Enzyme Research (KOSOKEN), Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keiji Uchiyama
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, The Institute for Enzyme Research (KOSOKEN), Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Etsuhisa Takahashi
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, The Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University (KOSOKEN), Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hironori Miyata
- Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Tomioka
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ito
- Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-cho, Tottori, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Haruo Matsuda
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular and Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kido
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, The Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University (KOSOKEN), Tokushima, Japan
| | - Suehiro Sakaguchi
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, The Institute for Enzyme Research (KOSOKEN), Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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8
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Torres D, Hou X, Bale L, Heinzen EP, Maurer MJ, Zanfagnin V, Oberg AL, Conover C, Weroha SJ. Overcoming platinum resistance in ovarian cancer by targeting pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224564. [PMID: 31751381 PMCID: PMC6872139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inhibition of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), an upstream activator of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway, is known to augment sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. This study further tests the efficacy of PAPP-A inhibition with a monoclonal antibody inhibitor (mAb-PA) in ovarian cancer (OC) platinum-resistant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. METHODS PAPP-A expression was quantitated in platinum-resistant PDX models by ELISA. A subset with High (n = 5) and Low (n = 2) expression were revived in female SCID/beige mice for studies with either saline, carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) + mAb-PA, or CP + IgG2a. The primary endpoint was tumor area by ultrasound on day 28 relative to baseline. Conversion to platinum-sensitive was defined by average tumor regression below baseline. Statistical analyses included linear mixed effects modeling and Kaplan Meier curves. Response to therapy was correlated with changes in the ratio of phosphorylated/total AKT and ERK 1/2 using Wes analysis. RESULTS The addition of mAb-PA to CP induced tumor regression below baseline in one High PAPP-A PDX model; another three models exhibited notable growth inhibition relative to CP + IgG2a. None of the Low PAPP-A PDX models regressed below baseline. The PDX model with the greatest magnitude of tumor regression from baseline after combination therapy was maintained on single agent mAb-PA or IgG2a, but no benefit was observed. Decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 correlated with conversion to platinum-sensitive. CONCLUSIONS The addition of mAb-PA to CP overcame platinum-resistance in one of five High PAPP-A PDX models; three other models demonstrated improved platinum-response. This supports further clinical development of this novel therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Torres
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Xiaonan Hou
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Laurie Bale
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ethan P. Heinzen
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Matthew J. Maurer
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Valentina Zanfagnin
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ann L. Oberg
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Cheryl Conover
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - S. John Weroha
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- * E-mail:
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9
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Zelek WM, Taylor PR, Morgan BP. Development and characterization of novel anti-C5 monoclonal antibodies capable of inhibiting complement in multiple species. Immunology 2019; 157:283-295. [PMID: 31120547 PMCID: PMC6620185 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade there has been an explosion in complement therapies; one-third of the drugs in the clinic or in development target C5 protein. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds C5 and blocks its cleavage by the convertase, is the current reference standard treatment for atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) and paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) and in clinical trials for many other diseases. Here we describe a panel of novel anti-C5 mAb, including mAb that, like Eculizumab, are efficient inhibitors of complement but, unlike Eculizumab, inhibit across species, including human, rat, rabbit and guinea pig. Several inhibitory anti-C5 mAb were identified and characterized for C5 binding and lytic inhibitory capacity in comparison to current therapeutic anti-C5 mAb; three clones, 4G2, 7D4 and 10B6, were selected and further characterized for ligand specificity and affinity and cross-species inhibitory activity. The mAb 10B6 was human-specific whereas mAb 4G2 and 7D4 efficiently inhibited lysis by human, rabbit and rat serum, and weakly inhibited guinea pig complement; 7D4 also weakly inhibited mouse complement in vitro The rat C5-cross-reactive mAb 4G2, when administered intraperitoneally in a rat model of myasthenia gravis, effectively blocked the disease and protected muscle endplates from destruction. To our knowledge this is the first report of an anti-C5 function blocking mAb that permits preclinical studies in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta M. Zelek
- Division of Infection and ImmunitySchool of MedicineSystems Immunity Research InstituteCardiff UniversityWalesUK
| | - Philip R. Taylor
- Division of Infection and ImmunitySchool of MedicineSystems Immunity Research InstituteCardiff UniversityWalesUK
| | - B. Paul Morgan
- Division of Infection and ImmunitySchool of MedicineSystems Immunity Research InstituteCardiff UniversityWalesUK
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10
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Golden JW, Shoemaker CJ, Lindquist ME, Zeng X, Daye SP, Williams JA, Liu J, Coffin KM, Olschner S, Flusin O, Altamura LA, Kuehl KA, Fitzpatrick CJ, Schmaljohn CS, Garrison AR. GP38-targeting monoclonal antibodies protect adult mice against lethal Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaaw9535. [PMID: 31309159 PMCID: PMC6620094 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw9535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an important human pathogen. Limited evidence suggests that antibodies can protect humans against lethal CCHFV disease but the protective efficacy of antibodies has never been evaluated in adult animal models. Here, we used adult mice to investigate the protection provided against CCHFV infection by glycoprotein-targeting neutralizing and non-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We identified a single non-neutralizing antibody (mAb-13G8) that protected adult type I interferon-deficient mice >90% when treatment was initiated before virus exposure and >60% when administered after virus exposure. Neutralizing antibodies known to protect neonatal mice from lethal CCHFV infection failed to confer protection regardless of immunoglobulin G subclass. The target of mAb-13G8 was identified as GP38, one of multiple proteolytically cleaved glycoproteins derived from the CCHFV glycoprotein precursor polyprotein. This study reveals GP38 as an important antibody target for limiting CCHFV pathogenesis and lays the foundation to develop immunotherapeutics against CCHFV in humans.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/pharmacology
- Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/immunology
- Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/prevention & control
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Viral Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W. Golden
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
- Corresponding author. (J.W.G.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Charles J. Shoemaker
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Michael E. Lindquist
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sharon P. Daye
- Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Janice A. Williams
- Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Kayla M. Coffin
- Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Scott Olschner
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Olivier Flusin
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Louis A. Altamura
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Kuehl
- Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Collin J. Fitzpatrick
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Connie S. Schmaljohn
- Headquarters, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Aura R. Garrison
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
- Corresponding author. (J.W.G.); (A.R.G.)
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11
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Ogura M, Sancho JM, Cho SG, Nakazawa H, Suzumiya J, Tumyan G, Kim JS, Lennard A, Mariz J, Ilyin N, Jurczak W, Lopez Martinez A, Samoilova O, Zhavrid E, Yañez Ruiz E, Trneny M, Popplewell L, Coiffier B, Buske C, Kim WS, Lee SJ, Lee SY, Bae YJ, Kwak LW. Efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and safety of the biosimilar CT-P10 in comparison with rituximab in patients with previously untreated low-tumour-burden follicular lymphoma: a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol 2018; 5:e543-e553. [PMID: 30389036 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(18)30157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and advanced follicular lymphoma have shown that CT-P10, a rituximab biosimilar, has equivalent or non-inferior efficacy and pharmacokinetics to rituximab. We aimed to assess the therapeutic equivalence of single-agent CT-P10 and rituximab in patients with newly diagnosed low-tumour burden follicular lymphoma. METHODS In this ongoing, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled, phase 3 trial, adult patients (≥18 years) with stage II-IV low-tumour-burden follicular lymphoma were randomly assigned (1:1) using an interactive web or voice response system stratified by region, stage, and age to CT-P10 or US-sourced rituximab. Patients received CT-P10 or rituximab (375 mg/m2 intravenous) on day 1 of four 7-day cycles (induction period). Patients who had disease control after the induction period continued to a maintenance period of CT-P10 or rituximab administered every 8 weeks for six cycles and, if completed, a second year of maintenance therapy of additional CT-P10 (every 8 weeks for six cycles) was offered. The study was partially unmasked after database lock (Feb 23, 2018) for all data up to 7 months (before cycle 3 of the maintenance period). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who achieved an overall response by 7 months in the intention-to-treat population. Efficacy equivalence was shown if the two-sided 90% CIs for the treatment difference in the proportion of responders between CT-P10 and rituximab was within the equivalence margin of 17%. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02260804. FINDINGS Between Nov 9, 2015, and Jan 4, 2018, 402 patients were assessed for eligibility, of whom 258 were randomly assigned: 130 to CT-P10 and 128 to rituximab. 108 (83%) of 130 patients assigned to CT-P10 and 104 (81%) of 128 assigned to rituximab achieved an overall response by month 7 (treatment difference estimate 1·8%; 90% CI -6·43 to 10·20). Therapeutic equivalence was shown (90% CIs were within the prespecified margin of 17%). The most common grade 3 or 4 treatment-emergent adverse events were decreased neutrophil count (two grade 3 in the CT-P10 group) and neutropenia (one in each group); all other grade 3 or 4 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in one patient each. Six (5%) of 130 patients who received CT-P10 and three (2%) of 128 who received rituximab experienced at least one treatment-emergent serious adverse event. INTERPRETATION CT-P10 was equivalent to rituximab in terms of efficacy and was well tolerated. CT-P10 monotherapy is suggested as a new therapeutic option for patients with low-tumour-burden follicular lymphoma. FUNDING Celltrion, Inc.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/therapeutic use
- Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals/adverse effects
- Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics
- Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals/pharmacology
- Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals/therapeutic use
- Disease-Free Survival
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Follicular/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Follicular/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Rituximab/adverse effects
- Rituximab/pharmacokinetics
- Rituximab/pharmacology
- Rituximab/therapeutic use
- Safety
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Michinori Ogura
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Japan; School of Medicine, Fujita Medical University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Juan Manuel Sancho
- Hematology Department, The Catalan Institute of Oncology-The Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Seok-Goo Cho
- Department of Hematology, Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hideyuki Nakazawa
- Department of Hematology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Junji Suzumiya
- Shimane University Hospital, Innovative Cancer Center/Oncology-Hematology, Izumo, Japan
| | - Gayane Tumyan
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, N N Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Anne Lennard
- Northern Institute for Cancer Care, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - José Mariz
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nikolai Ilyin
- Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Wojciech Jurczak
- Department of Haematology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Olga Samoilova
- Department of Hematology, Nizhniy Novgorod Region Clinical Hospital, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Edvard Zhavrid
- N N Alexandrov Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Eduardo Yañez Ruiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Marek Trneny
- Department of Medicine, Charles University, General Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Leslie Popplewell
- Toni Stephenson Lymphoma Center and Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Christian Buske
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Won-Seog Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Larry W Kwak
- Toni Stephenson Lymphoma Center and Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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12
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Rutherford SC, Leonard JP. DLBCL Cell of Origin: What Role Should It Play in Care Today? Oncology (Williston Park) 2018; 32:445-449. [PMID: 30248164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is curable in about two-thirds of patients. Research has focused on determining which patients have less favorable prognoses so that they can be considered for novel targeted-treatment strategies. In 2000, gene expression profiling was used to define two principal DLBCL molecular subtypes, germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) and activated B-cell-like (ABC). Patients with GCB DLBCL have more favorable outcomes than those with ABC DLBCL when treated with standard immunochemotherapy. Alternate strategies to characterize molecular subtype include approximation with immunohistochemistry algorithms, and more recently the NanoString gene expression platform. Numerous studies have investigated novel agents in DLBCL with respect to GCB and ABC (or non-GCB) subtypes, but R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) remains the standard of care for most patients. Here we review the methods of determining cell of origin (COO); use of COO in clinical practice; clinical trials in DLBCL according to COO; and future directions of tailoring treatment, including alternate categorization of genetic subtypes or clusters in DLBCL.
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13
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Tan HL, Yong C, Tan BZ, Fong WJ, Padmanabhan J, Chin A, Ding V, Lau A, Zheng L, Bi X, Yang Y, Choo A. Conservation of oncofetal antigens on human embryonic stem cells enables discovery of monoclonal antibodies against cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11608. [PMID: 30072783 PMCID: PMC6072701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are used as targeted therapies against cancers. These mAbs kill cancer cells via various mechanisms of actions. In this study, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) was used as the immunogen to generate a panel of antibodies. From this panel of mAbs, A19 was found to bind both hESC and various cancer cell lines. The antigen target of A19 was identified as Erbb-2 and glycan analysis showed that A19 binds to a N-glycan epitope on the antigen. A19 was elucidated to internalize into cancer cells following binding to Erbb-2 and hence developed as an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Using ADC as the mechanism of action, A19 was able to kill cancer cells in vitro and delayed the onset of tumour formation in mice xenograft model. When compared to Herceptin, A19 binds to different isoforms of Erbb-2 and does not compete with Herceptin for the same epitope. Hence, A19 has the potential to be developed as an alternative targeted therapeutic agent for cancers expressing Erbb-2.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Human Embryonic Stem Cells/immunology
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liang Tan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Charlene Yong
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bao Zhu Tan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wey Jia Fong
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jayanthi Padmanabhan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela Chin
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vanessa Ding
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ally Lau
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lu Zheng
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xuezhi Bi
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuansheng Yang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andre Choo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
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14
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Zeitelhofer M, Li H, Adzemovic MZ, Nilsson I, Muhl L, Scott AM, Eriksson U. Preclinical toxicological assessment of a novel monoclonal antibody targeting human platelet-derived growth factor CC (PDGF-CC) in PDGF-CChum mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200649. [PMID: 30021009 PMCID: PMC6051635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor CC (PDGF-CC) is important during foetal development but also in pathogenesis of neurologic diseases, cancer and fibrosis. We have previously demonstrated that blocking the PDGF-CC/PDGF receptor alpha (PDGFRα) axis resulted in reduction of stroke volume and cerebrovascular permeability after experimentally induced stroke. Recently, we could translate these findings into the clinic showing that imatinib, a small tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting PDGF receptors, can significantly improve neurological outcome after ischemic stroke in human. Herein we report preclinical toxicological analyses of our newly generated monoclonal anti-human PDGF-CC antibody 6B3 (mAb 6B3) in PDGF-CC humanized mice. Beside histological organ assessment, we also analysed serum, urine, haematological parameters and the general health status of the treated mice. We could not find any indications that mAb 6B3 is toxic or has other significant side effects neither in short, nor in long treatment regimens. Our results indicate that mAb 6B3 can be further developed for clinical use. This opens up the possibility to assess the therapeutic potential of blocking PDGF-CC in diverse pathological conditions such as neurologic diseases, cancer and fibrosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Humans
- Lymphokines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lymphokines/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Zeitelhofer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Milena Z. Adzemovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Nilsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew M. Scott
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Singh N, Sundar S. Combined neutralization of interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha induces IL-4 production but has no direct additive impact on parasite burden in splenic cultures of human visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199817. [PMID: 29953494 PMCID: PMC6023118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune activating cytokines Interferon (IFN)-γ and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are known to activate macrophages for killing of Leishmania parasite. IFN-γ provides therapeutic potential while TNF-α has been recognized to mediate protection in visceral model of infection. In the present study we investigated whether combination of IFN-γ and TNF-α has better therapeutic strength than individually using one of these cytokines in Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) patients. We performed combined blockade of IFN-γ and TNF-α in VL splenic biopsies and demonstrated it's impact on number of viable amastigotes and cytokine production. Additionally, selective depletion of splenic cell subsets was performed to establish the cellular sources of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Treatment of splenic aspirate cells with combination of anti-IFN-γ and anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibodies for 72 hours enabled no direct additive impact of these cytokines on parasite replication and IL-10 secretion, but IL-4 production was induced. Further assessment of splenic biopsies put forward CD4+ T cells as a source of IFN-γ whereas CD14+ cells contribute towards TNF-α production. Overall our results suggest, the interplay of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ derived from CD4+T lymphocytes and TNF-α from CD14+ cells has no direct additive impact on parasite replication but induces IL-4 production. Our data does not support direct targeting of IFN-γ and TNF-α for combination therapy but targeting these cytokines as an adjuvant in patients with exaggerated tissue inflammatory responses can have favourable patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- * E-mail:
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16
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Takheaw N, Laopajon W, Surinkaew S, Khummuang S, Pata S, Kasinrerk W. Ligation of Na, K ATPase β3 subunit on monocytes by a specific monoclonal antibody mediates T cell hypofunction. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199717. [PMID: 29940031 PMCID: PMC6016913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a crucial role in orchestrating body immune responses. T cell hyperfunction, however, leads to inflammation and induction of autoimmune diseases. Understanding of T cell regulation mechanisms and successful modulation of T cell responses is beneficial in treatment of disease associated to T cell hyperresponsiveness. Our previous study indicated that monoclonal antibody (mAb) P-3E10, a mAb to Na, K ATPase β3 subunit, inhibited anti-CD3-induced PBMC proliferation. In the current study, we further investigated the mechanism of mAb P-3E10 in the induction of T cell hypofunction. We demonstrated that mAb P-3E10 decreased T cell proliferation and Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokine production. Monocytes were the cells playing a key role in mediation of mAb P-3E10 induced T cell hypofunction. The inhibition of T cell activation by mAb P-3E10 required cell contact between monocytes and T cells. The mAb P-3E10 induced the down-expression level of MHC class II and CD86 and increased IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α production of monocytes. We concluded that ligation of the Na, K ATPase β3 subunit on monocytes by mAb P-3E10 arbitrated T cell hypofunction. This mAb might be a promising novel immunotherapeutic antibody for the treatment of hyperresponsive T cell associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuchjira Takheaw
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Witida Laopajon
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Surinkaew
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Saichit Khummuang
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Supansa Pata
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Watchara Kasinrerk
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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17
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Liao F, Li A, Xiong M, Bien-Ly N, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Finn MB, Hoyle R, Keyser J, Lefton KB, Robinson GO, Serrano JR, Silverman AP, Guo JL, Getz J, Henne K, Leyns CE, Gallardo G, Ulrich JD, Sullivan PM, Lerner EP, Hudry E, Sweeney ZK, Dennis MS, Hyman BT, Watts RJ, Holtzman DM. Targeting of nonlipidated, aggregated apoE with antibodies inhibits amyloid accumulation. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:2144-2155. [PMID: 29600961 PMCID: PMC5919821 DOI: 10.1172/jci96429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E E4 allele of the APOE gene is the strongest genetic factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD). There is compelling evidence that apoE influences Alzheimer disease (AD) in large part by affecting amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation and clearance; however, the molecular mechanism underlying these findings remains largely unknown. Herein, we tested whether anti-human apoE antibodies can decrease Aβ pathology in mice producing both human Aβ and apoE4, and investigated the mechanism underlying these effects. We utilized APPPS1-21 mice crossed to apoE4-knockin mice expressing human apoE4 (APPPS1-21/APOE4). We discovered an anti-human apoE antibody, anti-human apoE 4 (HAE-4), that specifically recognizes human apoE4 and apoE3 and preferentially binds nonlipidated, aggregated apoE over the lipidated apoE found in circulation. HAE-4 also binds to apoE in amyloid plaques in unfixed brain sections and in living APPPS1-21/APOE4 mice. When delivered centrally or by peripheral injection, HAE-4 reduced Aβ deposition in APPPS1-21/APOE4 mice. Using adeno-associated virus to express 2 different full-length anti-apoE antibodies in the brain, we found that HAE antibodies decreased amyloid accumulation, which was dependent on Fcγ receptor function. These data support the hypothesis that a primary mechanism for apoE-mediated plaque formation may be a result of apoE aggregation, as preferentially targeting apoE aggregates with therapeutic antibodies reduces Aβ pathology and may represent a selective approach to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liao
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Aimin Li
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Monica Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nga Bien-Ly
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yin Zhang
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mary Beth Finn
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rosa Hoyle
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jennifer Keyser
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Katheryn B. Lefton
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Grace O. Robinson
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Javier Remolina Serrano
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Jing L. Guo
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Getz
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kirk Henne
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Cheryl E.G. Leyns
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gilbert Gallardo
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jason D. Ulrich
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Eli Paul Lerner
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eloise Hudry
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Mark S. Dennis
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bradley T. Hyman
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan J. Watts
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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18
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Sasaki F, Koga T, Saeki K, Okuno T, Kazuno S, Fujimura T, Ohkawa Y, Yokomizo T. Biochemical and immunological characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody against mouse leukotriene B4 receptor 1. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185133. [PMID: 28922396 PMCID: PMC5602668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor 1 (BLT1) is a G protein-coupled receptor expressed in various leukocyte subsets; however, the precise expression of mouse BLT1 (mBLT1) has not been reported because a mBLT1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) has not been available. In this study, we present the successful establishment of a hybridoma cell line (clone 7A8) that produces a high-affinity mAb for mBLT1 by direct immunization of BLT1-deficient mice with mBLT1-overexpressing cells. The specificity of clone 7A8 was confirmed using mBLT1-overexpressing cells and mouse peripheral blood leukocytes that endogenously express BLT1. Clone 7A8 did not cross-react with human BLT1 or other G protein-coupled receptors, including human chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4. The 7A8 mAb binds to the second extracellular loop of mBLT1 and did not affect LTB4 binding or intracellular calcium mobilization by LTB4. The 7A8 mAb positively stained Gr-1-positive granulocytes, CD11b-positive granulocytes/monocytes, F4/80-positive monocytes, CCR2-high and CCR2-low monocyte subsets in the peripheral blood and a CD4-positive T cell subset, Th1 cells differentiated in vitro from naïve CD4-positive T cells. This mAb was able to detect Gr-1-positive granulocytes and monocytes in the spleens of naïve mice by immunohistochemistry. Finally, intraperitoneal administration of 7A8 mAb depleted granulocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood. We have therefore succeeded in generating a high-affinity anti-mBLT1 mAb that is useful for analyzing mBLT1 expression in vitro and in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- CHO Cells
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Granulocytes/immunology
- Leukotriene B4/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Monocytes/immunology
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Receptors, Leukotriene B4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Leukotriene B4/chemistry
- Receptors, Leukotriene B4/immunology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiyuki Sasaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Koga
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuko Saeki
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saiko Kazuno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimura
- Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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19
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Nováková Z, Foss CA, Copeland BT, Morath V, Baranová P, Havlínová B, Skerra A, Pomper MG, Barinka C. Novel Monoclonal Antibodies Recognizing Human Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) as Research and Theranostic Tools. Prostate 2017; 77:749-764. [PMID: 28247415 PMCID: PMC7061361 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a validated target for the imaging and therapy of prostate cancer. Here, we report the detailed characterization of four novel murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recognizing human PSMA as well as PSMA orthologs from different species. METHODS Performance of purified mAbs was assayed using a comprehensive panel of in vitro experimental setups including Western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, flow cytometry, and surface-plasmon resonance. Furthermore, a mouse xenograft model of prostate cancer was used to compare the suitability of the mAbs for in vivo applications. RESULTS All mAbs demonstrate high specificity for PSMA as documented by the lack of cross-reactivity to unrelated human proteins. The 3F11 and 1A11 mAbs bind linear epitopes spanning residues 226-243 and 271-288 of human PSMA, respectively. 3F11 is also suitable for the detection of PSMA orthologs from mouse, pig, dog, and rat in experimental setups where the denatured form of PSMA is used. 5D3 and 5B1 mAbs recognize distinct surface-exposed conformational epitopes and are useful for targeting PSMA in its native conformation. Most importantly, using a mouse xenograft model of prostate cancer we show that both the intact 5D3 and its Fab fragment are suitable for in vivo imaging. CONCLUSIONS With apparent affinities of 0.14 and 1.2 nM as determined by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively, 5D3 has approximately 10-fold higher affinity for PSMA than the clinically validated mAb J591 and, therefore, is a prime candidate for the development of next-generation theranostics to target PSMA. Prostate 77:749-764, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Nováková
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Catherine A. Foss
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Benjamin T. Copeland
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Volker Morath
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPS-M) and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Petra Baranová
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Havlínová
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Arne Skerra
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPS-M) and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Cyril Barinka
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Correspondence to: Dr. Cyril Barinka, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, v.v.i., Laboratory of Structural Biology, Prumyslova 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic.
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20
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Le Clorennec C, Lazrek Y, Dubreuil O, Larbouret C, Poul MA, Mondon P, Melino G, Pèlegrin A, Chardès T. The anti-HER3 (ErbB3) therapeutic antibody 9F7-F11 induces HER3 ubiquitination and degradation in tumors through JNK1/2- dependent ITCH/AIP4 activation. Oncotarget 2016; 7:37013-37029. [PMID: 27203743 PMCID: PMC5095055 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We characterized the mechanism of action of the neuregulin-non-competitive anti-HER3 therapeutic antibody 9F7-F11 that blocks the PI3K/AKT pathway, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro and regression of pancreatic and breast cancer in vivo. We found that 9F7-F11 induces rapid HER3 down-regulation. Specifically, 9F7-F11-induced HER3 ubiquitination and degradation in pancreatic, breast and prostate cancer cell lines was driven mainly by the itchy E3 ubiquitin ligase (ITCH/AIP4). Overexpression of the ITCH/AIP4 inhibitor N4BP1 or small-interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of ITCH/AIP4 inhibited HER3 ubiquitination/degradation and PI3K/AKT signaling blockade induced by 9F7-F11. Moreover, 9F7-F11-mediated JNK1/2 phosphorylation led to ITCH/AIP4 activation and recruitment to HER3 for receptor ubiquitination and degradation. ITCH/AIP4 activity was activated by the deubiquitinases USP8 and USP9X, as demonstrated by RNA interference. Taken together, our results suggest that 9F7-F11-induced HER3 ubiquitination and degradation in cancer cells mainly occurs through JNK1/2-dependent ITCH/AIP4 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Le Clorennec
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- INSERM, U1194 Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Yassamine Lazrek
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- INSERM, U1194 Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- Millegen SA, Labège, F-31670, France
- Institut Pasteur de Guyane, BP 6010, 97306, Cayenne Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Dubreuil
- Millegen SA, Labège, F-31670, France
- GamaMabs Pharma SA, Centre Pierre Potier, ONCOPOLE, BP 50624, France
| | - Christel Larbouret
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- INSERM, U1194 Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Marie-Alix Poul
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- INSERM, U1194 Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Philippe Mondon
- Millegen SA, Labège, F-31670, France
- LFB Biotechnologies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Gerry Melino
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Instituto Dermopatico Dell'Immacolata, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” 00133 Rome, Italy
- Toxicology Unit, Medical Research Council, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - André Pèlegrin
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- INSERM, U1194 Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Thierry Chardès
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- INSERM, U1194 Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34298, France
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21
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Abou-Shousha SA, Abdel-Mawla AAMAS, Hassan SM. Immunotherapeutic Approach to Breast Cancer: The Anti-Tumor Effect of Anti-IL-6 Monoclonal Antibodies in Malignant Mammary Tumor Implanted-Mice. Egypt J Immunol 2016; 23:57-66. [PMID: 28502153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been established that suppression of apoptosis during carcinogenesis is the main cause of development and progression of breast cancer. Breast cancer patients have higher circulating levels of IL-6 protecting cancer cells from apoptosis and positively correlated with poor prognosis of the disease. The current work is carried out to fulfill one of our in vivo preclinical studies' for approaching a novel breast cancer immunotherapy through induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The study aims at investigating the potential of anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to suppress IL-6 anti-apoptotic activities in tumor microenvironment of malignant mammary tumor implanted-mice. To achieve this goal, 4 groups of mice were used, group I: served as control, group II: mice implanted with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell lines (EAC), through intramuscular injection till tumor inoculation, group III: injected intratumorally with10 µl saline for 3 successive days, and group IV: mice were injected intratumorally one day after tumor inoculation with a dose of 1.5 mg / kg of recombinent anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies in10 µl saline for 3 successive days. Apoptosis was evaluated in tumor samples from anti-IL-6 treated tumor implanted mice and compared with controls. Levels of apoptosis in tumor tissue samples of tumor implanted mice treated with anti-IL-6 were significantly (P=0.009) higher than untreated ones. In conclusion, anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies have the potential to suppress the anti-apoptotic effect of interleukin-6 (IL-6) within the tumor microenvironment of tumor implanted in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham A Abou-Shousha
- Department of Immunology & Allergy, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Safia M Hassan
- Department of Histochemistry & Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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22
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Shevtsov MA, Nikolaev BP, Ryzhov VA, Yakovleva LY, Marchenko YY, Parr MA, Rolich VI, Mikhrina AL, Dobrodumov AV, Pitkin E, Multhoff G. Ionizing radiation improves glioma-specific targeting of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with cmHsp70.1 monoclonal antibodies (SPION-cmHsp70.1). Nanoscale 2015; 7:20652-20664. [PMID: 26599206 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06521f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The stress-inducible 72 kDa heat shock protein Hsp70 is known to be expressed on the membrane of highly aggressive tumor cells including high-grade gliomas, but not on the corresponding normal cells. Membrane Hsp70 (mHsp70) is rapidly internalized into tumor cells and thus targeting of mHsp70 might provide a promising strategy for theranostics. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are contrast negative agents that are used for the detection of tumors with MRI. Herein, we conjugated the Hsp70-specific antibody (cmHsp70.1) which is known to recognize mHsp70 to superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles to assess tumor-specific targeting before and after ionizing irradiation. In vitro experiments demonstrated the selectivity of SPION-cmHsp70.1 conjugates to free and mHsp70 in different tumor cell types (C6 glioblastoma, K562 leukemia, HeLa cervix carcinoma) in a dose-dependent manner. High-resolution MRI (11 T) on T(2)-weighted images showed the retention of the conjugates in the C6 glioma model. Accumulation of SPION-cmHsp70.1 nanoparticles in the glioma resulted in a nearly 2-fold drop of T*(2) values in comparison to non-conjugated SPIONs. Biodistribution analysis using NLR-M(2) measurements showed a 7-fold increase in the tumor-to-background (normal brain) uptake ratio of SPION-cmHsp70.1 conjugates in glioma-bearing rats in comparison to SPIONs. This accumulation within Hsp70-positive glioma was further enhanced after a single dose (10 Gy) of ionizing radiation. Elevated accumulation of the magnetic conjugates in the tumor due to radiosensitization proves the combination of radiotherapy and application of Hsp70-targeted agents in brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky ave., 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
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23
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Zilian E, Saragih H, Vijayan V, Hiller O, Figueiredo C, Aljabri A, Blasczyk R, Theilmeier G, Becker JU, Larmann J, Immenschuh S. Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibits HLA Class I Antibody-Dependent Endothelial Cell Activation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145306. [PMID: 26690352 PMCID: PMC4686182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a key limiting factor for long-term graft survival in solid organ transplantation. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I (HLA I) antibodies (Abs) play a major role in the pathogenesis of AMR via their interactions with HLA molecules on vascular endothelial cells (ECs). The antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase (HO)-1 has anti-inflammatory functions in the endothelium. As complement-independent effects of HLA I Abs can activate ECs, it was the goal of the current study to investigate the role of HO-1 on activation of human ECs by HLA I Abs. In cell cultures of various primary human macro- and microvascular ECs treatment with monoclonal pan- and allele-specific HLA I Abs up-regulated the expression of inducible proinflammatory adhesion molecules and chemokines (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1], intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], interleukin-8 [IL-8] and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 [MCP-1]). Pharmacological induction of HO-1 with cobalt-protoporphyrin IX reduced, whereas inhibition of HO-1 with either zinc-protoporphyrin IX or siRNA-mediated knockdown increased HLA I Ab-dependent up-regulation of VCAM-1. Treatment with two carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecules, which liberate the gaseous HO product CO, blocked HLA I Ab-dependent EC activation. Finally, in an in vitro adhesion assay exposure of ECs to HLA I Abs led to increased monocyte binding, which was counteracted by up-regulation of HO-1. In conclusion, HLA I Ab-dependent EC activation is modulated by endothelial HO-1 and targeted induction of this enzyme may be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of AMR in solid organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zilian
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hendry Saragih
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Vijith Vijayan
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Hiller
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Abid Aljabri
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gregor Theilmeier
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Ulrich Becker
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Larmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Immenschuh
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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24
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Scheuplein F, Lamont DJ, Poynter ME, Boyson JE, Serreze D, Lundblad LKA, Mashal R, Schaub R. Mouse Invariant Monoclonal Antibody NKT14: A Novel Tool to Manipulate iNKT Cell Function In Vivo. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140729. [PMID: 26474487 PMCID: PMC4608835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are a T cell subset expressing an invariant T Cell Receptor (TCR) that recognizes glycolipid antigens rather than peptides. The cells have both innate-like rapid cytokine release, and adaptive-like thymic positive selection. iNKT cell activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma and inflammatory diseases, while reduced iNKT cell activation promotes infectious disease, cancer and certain autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Therapeutic means to reduce or deplete iNKT cells could treat inflammatory diseases, while approaches to promote their activation may have potential in certain infectious diseases, cancer or autoimmunity. Thus, we developed invariant TCR-specific monoclonal antibodies to better understand the role of iNKT cells in disease. We report here the first monoclonal antibodies specific for the mouse invariant TCR that by modifying the Fc construct can specifically deplete or activate iNKT cells in vivo in otherwise fully immuno-competent animals. We have used both the depleting and activating version of the antibody in the NOD model of T1D. As demonstrated previously using genetically iNKT cell deficient NOD mice, and in studies of glycolipid antigen activated iNKT cells in standard NOD mice, we found that antibody mediated depletion or activation of iNKT cells respectively accelerated and retarded T1D onset. In BALB/c mice, ovalbumin (OVA) mediated airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) was abrogated with iNKT cell depletion prior to OVA sensitization, confirming studies in knockout mice. Depletion of iNKT cells after sensitization had no effect on AHR in the conducting airways but did reduce AHR in the lung periphery. This result raises caution in the interpretation of studies that use animals that are genetically iNKT cell deficient from birth. These activating and depleting antibodies provide a novel tool to assess the therapeutic potential of iNKT cell manipulation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Asthma/genetics
- Asthma/immunology
- Asthma/pathology
- Asthma/therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Lymphocyte Depletion/methods
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Natural Killer T-Cells/immunology
- Natural Killer T-Cells/pathology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deanna J. Lamont
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
| | - Matthew E. Poynter
- The University of Vermont, Department of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Jonathan E. Boyson
- The University of Vermont, Department of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - David Serreze
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
| | - Lennart K. A. Lundblad
- The University of Vermont, Department of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Robert Mashal
- NKT Therapeutics, Inc., Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Robert Schaub
- NKT Therapeutics, Inc., Waltham, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Galletti F, Cammaroto G, Galletti B, Quartuccio N, Di Mauro F, Baldari S. Technetium-99m (⁹⁹mTc)-labelled sulesomab in the management of malignant external otitis: is there any role? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 272:1377-82. [PMID: 24534898 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-2938-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report two cases of malignant external otitis (MEO) evaluated with Technetium-99m((99m)Tc)-labelled sulesomab. Two patients affected by MEO are presented, together with a literature review. Both patients were studied with clinical examination, ear discharge culture, radiological imaging, blood exams, (99m)Tc Sulesomab, and treated with antibiotic therapy. (99m)Tc-Sulesomab would appear to be an useful tool for diagnosis and follow-up of MEO, highlighting the site and extension of the inflammatory process, and evaluating course and treatment efficacy. (99m)Tc-Sulesomab shows promise as a rapid, effective and safe imaging agent for treatment response evaluation and follow-up of patients with MEO. Further studies are warranted to validate the inclusion of (99m)Tc-Sulesomab scan in the imaging follow-up of patients with MEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Galletti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy,
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26
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Cuesta-Mateos C, Loscertales J, Kreutzman A, Colom-Fernández B, Portero-Sáinz I, Pérez-Villar JJ, Terrón F, Muñoz-Calleja C. Preclinical activity of anti-CCR7 immunotherapy in patients with high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:665-76. [PMID: 25724841 PMCID: PMC11029146 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with deletions of the p53 locus on chromosome 17 and/or refractory to fludarabine chemoimmunotherapy remains a major clinical problem with few therapeutic options. Currently, these types of CLL are treated with approaches that do not target the p53 pathway, such as small molecules and monoclonal antibodies (mAb). We have previously postulated anti-CCR7 mAb therapy as a novel CLL treatment. In the present study, we evaluated the in vitro efficacy of anti-CCR7 mAb as a single agent in CLL patients with high-risk cytogenetics and/or refractory to fludarabine, by measuring CCR7 surface expression and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Our results demonstrate that CCR7 is highly expressed in challenging and heavily treated CLL patients. In addition, the complement-mediated mechanism of action of this mAb effectively eradicates CLL cells while sparing subsets of T cells in these patients. Moreover, this mAb outperformed the activity of alemtuzumab, the mAb with the highest efficacy in these groups. Finally, in vitro activity was also demonstrated in patients with a disease refractory to both fludarabine and alemtuzumab, and patients harboring 11q22 deletion. Our results propose that anti-CCR7 mAb is an effective and promising future treatment in high-risk CLL.
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MESH Headings
- Alemtuzumab
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Genes, p53
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy
- Receptors, CCR7/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, CCR7/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CCR7/genetics
- Receptors, CCR7/immunology
- Risk Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cuesta-Mateos
- Servicio de Inmunología, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain,
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27
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Pérez-Callejo D, González-Rincón J, Sánchez A, Provencio M, Sánchez-Beato M. Action and resistance of monoclonal CD20 antibodies therapy in B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 41:680-9. [PMID: 26045227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have improved patient's survival with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, when combined with chemotherapy. Several mechanisms of action have been reported, including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis. Despite the large amount of studies and published data, the role each mechanism played in vivo is not fully understood. Furthermore, the reason why a significant percentage of patients are refractory or resistant remains unknown. Several activated intracellular signaling pathways have been implicated in the mechanisms of resistance of rituximab. In the present manuscript, we review those mechanisms and new anti-CD20 mAbs, as well as the efforts being accomplished to overcome it, focusing on new drugs targeting pathways implicated in resistance to rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pérez-Callejo
- Medical Oncology Service, HU Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Onco-Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J González-Rincón
- Medical Oncology Service, HU Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Onco-Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Sánchez
- Medical Oncology Service, HU Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Onco-Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Provencio
- Medical Oncology Service, HU Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Onco-Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Sánchez-Beato
- Medical Oncology Service, HU Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Onco-Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
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28
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Cioffi M, Trabulo S, Hidalgo M, Costello E, Greenhalf W, Erkan M, Kleeff J, Sainz B, Heeschen C. Inhibition of CD47 Effectively Targets Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells via Dual Mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:2325-37. [PMID: 25717063 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a cancer of the exocrine pancreas with unmet medical need and is strongly promoted by tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). The presence of TAMs is associated with poor clinical outcome, and their overall role, therefore, appears to be protumorigenic. The "don't eat me" signal CD47 on cancer cells communicates to the signal regulatory protein-α on macrophages and prevents their phagocytosis. Thus, inhibition of CD47 may offer a new opportunity to turn TAMs against PDAC cells, including cancer stem cells (CSC), as the exclusively tumorigenic population. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We studied in vitro and in vivo the effects of CD47 inhibition on CSCs using a large set of primary pancreatic cancer (stem) cells as well as xenografts of primary human PDAC tissue. RESULTS CD47 was highly expressed on CSCs, but not on other nonmalignant cells in the pancreas. Targeting CD47 efficiently enhanced phagocytosis of a representative set of primary human pancreatic cancer (stem) cells and, even more intriguingly, also directly induced their apoptosis in the absence of macrophages during long-term inhibition of CD47. In patient-derived xenograft models, CD47 targeting alone did not result in relevant slowing of tumor growth, but the addition of gemcitabine or Abraxane resulted in sustained tumor regression and prevention of disease relapse long after discontinuation of treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data are consistent with efficient in vivo targeting of CSCs, and strongly suggest that CD47 inhibition could be a novel adjuvant treatment strategy for PDAC independent of underlying and highly variable driver mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Cioffi
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Trabulo
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer and Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, A CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Clinical Research Programme, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eithne Costello
- Liverpool Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - William Greenhalf
- Liverpool Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mert Erkan
- Department of Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany. Koc University School of Medicine, Instanbul, Turkey
| | - Joerg Kleeff
- Department of Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer and Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, A CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
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29
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Roghanian A, Teige I, Mårtensson L, Cox KL, Kovacek M, Ljungars A, Mattson J, Sundberg A, Vaughan AT, Shah V, Smyth NR, Sheth B, Chan HTC, Li ZC, Williams EL, Manfredi G, Oldham RJ, Mockridge CI, James SA, Dahal LN, Hussain K, Nilsson B, Verbeek JS, Juliusson G, Hansson M, Jerkeman M, Johnson PWM, Davies A, Beers SA, Glennie MJ, Frendéus B, Cragg MS. Antagonistic human FcγRIIB (CD32B) antibodies have anti-tumor activity and overcome resistance to antibody therapy in vivo. Cancer Cell 2015; 27:473-88. [PMID: 25873171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies have transformed cancer therapy, unlocking mechanisms of action by engaging the immune system. Unfortunately, cures rarely occur and patients display intrinsic or acquired resistance. Here, we demonstrate the therapeutic potential of targeting human (h) FcγRIIB (CD32B), a receptor implicated in immune cell desensitization and tumor cell resistance. FcγRIIB-blocking antibodies prevented internalization of the CD20-specific antibody rituximab, thereby maximizing cell surface accessibility and immune effector cell mediated antitumor activity. In hFcγRIIB-transgenic (Tg) mice, FcγRIIB-blocking antibodies effectively deleted target cells in combination with rituximab, and other therapeutic antibodies, from resistance-prone stromal compartments. Similar efficacy was seen in primary human tumor xenografts, including with cells from patients with relapsed/refractory disease. These data support the further development of hFcγRIIB antibodies for clinical assessment.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/metabolism
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/therapeutic use
- Drug Synergism
- Humans
- Mice
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Receptors, IgG/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, IgG/physiology
- Rituximab
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Roghanian
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ingrid Teige
- BioInvent International AB, Sölvegatan 41, 22370 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Kerry L Cox
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | | | - Anne Ljungars
- BioInvent International AB, Sölvegatan 41, 22370 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Mattson
- BioInvent International AB, Sölvegatan 41, 22370 Lund, Sweden
| | - Annika Sundberg
- BioInvent International AB, Sölvegatan 41, 22370 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrew T Vaughan
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Vallari Shah
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Neil R Smyth
- Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Bhavwanti Sheth
- Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - H T Claude Chan
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Zhan-Chun Li
- BioInvent International AB, Sölvegatan 41, 22370 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emily L Williams
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Giusi Manfredi
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Robert J Oldham
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - C Ian Mockridge
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Sonya A James
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Lekh N Dahal
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Khiyam Hussain
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Björn Nilsson
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - J Sjef Verbeek
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Markus Hansson
- Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mats Jerkeman
- Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter W M Johnson
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Andrew Davies
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Stephen A Beers
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Martin J Glennie
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Björn Frendéus
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; BioInvent International AB, Sölvegatan 41, 22370 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody & Vaccine Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
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30
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Rohlfing S, Aurich M, Schöning T, Ho AD, Witzens-Harig M. Nonpegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin as a Component of R-CHOP Is an Effective and Safe Alternative to Conventional Doxorubicin in the Treatment of Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Preexisting Cardiac Diseases. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2015; 15:458-63. [PMID: 25899891 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this retrospective analysis was to investigate the efficacy and safety of nonpegylated liposomal doxorubicin (NPLD) as part of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and preexisting cardiac diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-five patients were evaluated, median age was 73 (range 24-85) years, 23 patients received NPLD as part of their first-line therapy. Most patients suffered from more than 1 cardiac disease and in 14 patients left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was reduced. One hundred nineteen cycles of NPLD were applied with a median of 5 (range 2-8) cycles per patient. Median dose per cycle was 95 mg (50 mg/m(2)). RESULTS The overall response rate was 96% (44% complete remission, 52% partial remission). After a median follow-up of 23 months, 4 patients had disease relapse. Seven patients died, translating to an estimated 3-year progression-free and overall survival of 66% and 73%, respectively. Reasons for death were progressive disease or infection in 2 patients each and cardiovascular disease in 3 patients. After chemotherapy, LVEF decreased significantly in 28% and improved in 12% of patients, whereas median LVEF did not change (51% vs. 50%). No higher frequencies of decreased LVEF was observed in the group of patients with preexisting reduced LVEF. Five adverse events induced therapy termination: 2 myocardial infarctions, 2 pneumonias, and 1 reduced condition. No hand-foot-syndrome was observed. CONCLUSION NPLD as a component of R-CHOP is an effective treatment in patients with DLBCL and preexisting cardiac diseases, whereas cardiac events were observed in 36% of patients in this cardiac high-risk group. However, these results need to be confirmed in a prospective randomized trial.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Cyclophosphamide/pharmacology
- Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
- Disease-Free Survival
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/analogs & derivatives
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Female
- Heart Diseases/drug therapy
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polyethylene Glycols/administration & dosage
- Polyethylene Glycols/pharmacology
- Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use
- Prednisone/administration & dosage
- Prednisone/pharmacology
- Prednisone/therapeutic use
- Retrospective Studies
- Rituximab
- Treatment Outcome
- Vincristine/administration & dosage
- Vincristine/pharmacology
- Vincristine/therapeutic use
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rohlfing
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Aurich
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Schöning
- Pharmacy, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Witzens-Harig
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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31
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Shindo Y, Yoshimura K, Kuramasu A, Watanabe Y, Ito H, Kondo T, Oga A, Ito H, Yoshino S, Hazama S, Tamada K, Yagita H, Oka M. Combination immunotherapy with 4-1BB activation and PD-1 blockade enhances antitumor efficacy in a mouse model of subcutaneous tumor. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:129-136. [PMID: 25550543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The purpose of the present study was to establish an effective immunotherapy by skewing the cosignal balance to be on the positive side by using the combination of monoclonal antibody (mAb) against 4-1BB also known as Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 137 as a co-stimulatory effector and to programmed death-1 (PD-1) to blockade the immune checkpoint. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice implanted with 1×10(5) CT26 cells were treated with anti 4-1BB mAb alone, anti PD-1 mAb alone, or both anti 4-1BB mAb and anti PD-1 mAb. Immune cell populations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Tumor-infiltrating T-cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Mice treated with the combination therapy had the best antitumor response that resulted in complete tumor rejection. The numbers of CD4(+) interferon (IFN)-γ(+) and CD8(+) IFN-γ(+) T-cells were significantly higher in the combination group. The number of tumor-infiltrating T-cells was significantly increased in the combination therapy. CONCLUSION The therapeutic strategy of targeting co-signal molecules has promising clinical applications in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Drug Synergism
- Female
- Immunotherapy
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/agonists
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaro Shindo
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center in Tsukiji, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kuramasu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yusaku Watanabe
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hideaki Ito
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kondo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Atsunori Oga
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Yoshino
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hazama
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Koji Tamada
- Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oka
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
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Percival-Alwyn JL, England E, Kemp B, Rapley L, Davis NHE, McCarthy GR, Majithiya JB, Corkill DJ, Welsted S, Minton K, Cohen ES, Robinson MJ, Dobson C, Wilkinson TCI, Vaughan TJ, Groves MAT, Tigue NJ. Generation of potent mouse monoclonal antibodies to self-proteins using T-cell epitope "tags". MAbs 2015; 7:129-37. [PMID: 25523454 PMCID: PMC4622073 DOI: 10.4161/19420862.2014.985489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunization of mice or rats with a "non-self" protein is a commonly used method to obtain monoclonal antibodies, and relies on the immune system's ability to recognize the immunogen as foreign. Immunization of an antigen with 100% identity to the endogenous protein, however, will not elicit a robust immune response. To develop antibodies to mouse proteins, we focused on the potential for breaking such immune tolerance by genetically fusing two independent T-cell epitope-containing sequences (from tetanus toxin (TT) and diphtheria toxin fragment A (DTA)) to a mouse protein, mouse ST2 (mST2). Wild-type CD1 mice were immunized with three mST2 tagged proteins (Fc, TT and DTA) and the specific serum response was determined. Only in mice immunized with the T-cell epitope-containing antigens were specific mST2 serum responses detected; hybridomas generated from these mice secreted highly sequence-diverse IgGs that were capable of binding mST2 and inhibiting the interaction of mST2 with its ligand, mouse interleukin (IL)-33 (mIL-33). Of the hundreds of antibodies profiled, we identified five potent antibodies that were able to inhibit IL-33 induced IL-6 release in a mast cell assay; notably one such antibody was sufficiently potent to suppress IL-5 release and eosinophilia infiltration in an Alternaria alternata challenge mouse model of asthma. This study demonstrated, for the first time, that T-cell epitope-containing tags have the ability to break tolerance in wild-type mice to 100% conserved proteins, and it provides a compelling argument for the broader use of this approach to generate antibodies against any mouse protein or conserved ortholog.
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Key Words
- APC, antigen presenting cells
- Antibody generation
- CDR, complementarity determining region
- CHO, Chinese hamster ovary
- DMEM, dulbecco's modified eagles' medium
- DTA, diphtheria toxin
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- HTRF, homogenous time-resolved fluorescence
- IL, interleukin
- ILC2, type 2 innate lymphoid cells
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- MHC, major histocompatibility complex
- PADRE, pan HLA-DR-binding T cell epitope
- SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
- SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus
- T-cell epitopes
- TCR, T cell receptor
- TT, tetanus tosxin
- VH, variable region of immunoglobulin heavy chain
- VL, variable region of immunoglobulin light chain
- diphtheria toxin
- hybridoma
- immunological tolerance
- mST2, mouse ST2
- mouse ST2
- tetanus toxin
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antibody Specificity
- Asthma/drug therapy
- Asthma/immunology
- Asthma/pathology
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Diphtheria Toxin/chemistry
- Diphtheria Toxin/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Rats
- Receptors, Interleukin/chemistry
- Receptors, Interleukin/immunology
- Tetanus Toxin/chemistry
- Tetanus Toxin/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth England
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Benjamin Kemp
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Laura Rapley
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Nicola HE Davis
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Grant R McCarthy
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Jayesh B Majithiya
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Dominic J Corkill
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Sarah Welsted
- Department of Biological Sciences; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Kevin Minton
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - E Suzanne Cohen
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Matthew J Robinson
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Claire Dobson
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Trevor CI Wilkinson
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Tristan J Vaughan
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Maria AT Groves
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
| | - Natalie J Tigue
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering; MedImmune Ltd.; Abington, UK
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Liu CY, Wang L, Guo W, Yu CF, Zhang F, Wang WB, Li M, Gao K. [Development of a novel reporter gene method for determination of ADCC potency of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2015; 50:94-98. [PMID: 25924482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The biological activity of ADCC by anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody was determined by BioGlo™ Luciferase Assay System using Jurkat/NFAT-luc+FcγRIIIa cell line as effector cell and WIL2-S cell line as target cell. The developed method was verified for specificity, precision and accuracy. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody showed a dose-response mode by the developed method, and the determination result complied with the following four-parameter equation: y = (A-D)/[1 + (X/C)(B)] + D. The optimized parameters of the method were determined including the antibodies diluted concentration (18,000 ng·mL(-1)), dilution rate (1:5), the ratio of effector cell and target cell (6:1), and induction time (6 h). The values of eight independent tests have passed a statistical test for curve regression analysis, linear or parallelism, which showed the method possessed good specificity. Four different dilute groups of recovery rates sample were determined for 3 times, and the result showed mean relative potencies of (44.39±3.93)%, (72.74±2.78)%, (128.28±7.01)% and (168.19±2.70)% respectively, with a variation coefficient of less than 10%, and the recoveries of (88.78±7.85)%, (96.99±3.70)%, (102.63±5.61)% and (112.12±1.80)% respectively. A novel reporter gene method for determination of biological activity of ADCC by anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody was successfully developed, which showed strong specificity, good reproducibility and high accuracy, and might be used routinely.
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Henderson SR, Copley SJ, Pusey CD, Ind PW, Salama AD. Prolonged B cell depletion with rituximab is effective in treating refractory pulmonary granulomatous inflammation in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Medicine (Baltimore) 2014; 93:e229. [PMID: 25501085 PMCID: PMC4602771 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary nodule formation is a frequent feature of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Traditional induction therapy includes methotrexate or cyclophosphamide, however, pulmonary nodules generally respond slower than vasculitic components of disease. Efficacy of rituximab (RTX) solely for the treatment of pulmonary nodules has not been assessed. In this observational cohort study, we report patient outcomes with RTX in GPA patients with pulmonary nodules who failed to achieve remission following conventional immunosuppression. Patients (n = 5) with persistent pulmonary nodules were identified from our clinic database and retrospectively evaluated. Systemic manifestations, inflammatory markers, disease activity, concurrent immunosuppression, and absolute B cell numbers were recorded pre-RTX and at 6 monthly intervals following treatment. Chest radiographs at each time point were scored by an experienced radiologist, blinded to clinical details. Five patients with GPA and PR3-ANCA were evaluated (2 male, 3 female), mean age 34 (22-52) years. Pulmonary nodules (median 4, range 2-6), with or without cavitation were present in all patients. RTX induced initial B cell depletion (<5 cells/μL) in all patients but re-population was observed in 3 patients. Repeated RTX treatment in these 3 and persistent B cell depletion in the whole cohort was associated with further significant radiological improvement. Radiographic scoring at each time interval showed reduction in both number of nodules (P = <0.0001) and largest nodule diameter (P = <0.0001) in all patients for at least 18 months following B cell depletion. In summary, RTX therapy induces resolution of pulmonary granulomatous inflammation in GPA following prolonged B cell depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Henderson
- From the Imperial College Kidney & Transplant Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK (SRH, CDP); Centre for Nephrology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK (SRH, ADS); Radiology Department, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK (SJC); Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK (PWI)
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Singh V, Gupta D, Arora R, Tripathi RP, Almasan A, Macklis RM. Surface levels of CD20 determine anti-CD20 antibodies mediated cell death in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111113. [PMID: 25364827 PMCID: PMC4217761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The sensitivity of human Burkitt's lymphoma cells to rituximab (Rtx) and tositumomab (Tst) was assessed on cells expressing different levels of CD20 on surface. Cells that harbor low CD20 levels may resists against therapeutics response to CD20-specific antibodies. We postulated that, radiation-induced modulation of CD20 surface levels may play a crucial and central role in determining the relative efficacy of rituximab and tositumomab in treating Burkitt's lymphoma disease. Here, we examined the γ-radiation-induced CD20 expression in the Burkitt lymphoma cell line ‘Daudi’ and the relation of differential levels of CD20 with anti-CD20 mAbs mediated cell death. Methodology In this study we examined kinetics of CD20 expression following sub lethal doses ofγ-radiation to Daudi cells and thereafter anti-CD20 mAbs (rituximab and tositumomab) were added in cell suspensions. The correlation of kinetics of CD20 expression and cells treated with anti-CD20 mAbs/or corresponding isotype Abs with special reference to changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species generation was also examined. Further, we also investigated the efficacy of anti-CD20 mAbs and possible induction of cell death in relation to levels of CD20 cell surface expression. Conclusion This report provides evidence that CD20 expression can be induced by exposure of cells to γ-radiation. In addition, these findings demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-CD20 mAbs is dependent on the surface levels of CD20. Based on these findings, we hypothesized (i) irradiation just prior to immunotherapy may provide new treatment options even in aggressive B cell tumors, which are resistant to current therapies in vivo (ii) The efficacy of induction of apoptosis varies with type of monoclonal antibodies in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Singh
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Damodar Gupta
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (DG); (RMM)
| | - Rajesh Arora
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Rajendra Prashad Tripathi
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Alexandru Almasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Roger M. Macklis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DG); (RMM)
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In recent years, immunosuppressive therapy, as an alternative to corticosteroids, has been proposed as novel agents which target the various antigens involved in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Although the lack of randomized and controlled studies suggests caution in generalizing results, some data show interesting results. RECENT FINDINGS Potential targets for immune therapy in Graves' ophthalmopathy are the antigens expressed on the target organ of inflammation, namely the receptor and the insulin growth factor -1 receptor on fibroblasts, inflammatory cytokines, and B and T cells. The most promising results are observed with small thyroid stimulating hormone receptor molecules interacting with the receptor on thyrocytes and fibroblasts and with the anti-IGF-1 receptor antibody teprotumumab. A recent open study with tocilizumab, an anti-soluble interleukin-6 receptor, has shown inactivation of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Consistent reports on the efficacy of rituximab will have to be confirmed by randomized controlled trials, which are now in progress. SUMMARY Current clinical practice for Graves' ophthalmopathy will greatly benefit from the availability of immunosuppressors that act as disease-modifying drugs, as compared to steroids, the current standard treatment for Graves' ophthalmopathy. Rituximab seems to be a good candidate, as preliminary results from ongoing randomized trials suggest good efficacy with a relative well tolerated profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Salvi
- Graves' Orbitopathy Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS, Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Yamasaki T, Suzuki A, Hasebe R, Horiuchi M. Comparison of the anti-prion mechanism of four different anti-prion compounds, anti-PrP monoclonal antibody 44B1, pentosan polysulfate, chlorpromazine, and U18666A, in prion-infected mouse neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106516. [PMID: 25181483 PMCID: PMC4152300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecules that inhibit the formation of an abnormal isoform of prion protein (PrPSc) in prion-infected cells are candidate therapeutic agents for prion diseases. Understanding how these molecules inhibit PrPSc formation provides logical basis for proper evaluation of their therapeutic potential. In this study, we extensively analyzed the effects of the anti-PrP monoclonal antibody (mAb) 44B1, pentosan polysulfate (PPS), chlorpromazine (CPZ) and U18666A on the intracellular dynamics of a cellular isoform of prion protein (PrPC) and PrPSc in prion-infected mouse neuroblastoma cells to re-evaluate the effects of those agents. MAb 44B1 and PPS rapidly reduced PrPSc levels without altering intracellular distribution of PrPSc. PPS did not change the distribution and levels of PrPC, whereas mAb 44B1 appeared to inhibit the trafficking of cell surface PrPC to organelles in the endocytic-recycling pathway that are thought to be one of the sites for PrPSc formation. In contrast, CPZ and U18666A initiated the redistribution of PrPSc from organelles in the endocytic-recycling pathway to late endosomes/lysosomes without apparent changes in the distribution of PrPC. The inhibition of lysosomal function by monensin or bafilomycin A1 after the occurrence of PrPSc redistribution by CPZ or U18666A partly antagonized PrPSc degradation, suggesting that the transfer of PrPSc to late endosomes/lysosomes, possibly via alteration of the membrane trafficking machinery of cells, leads to PrPSc degradation. This study revealed that precise analysis of the intracellular dynamics of PrPC and PrPSc provides important information for understanding the mechanism of anti-prion agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akio Suzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Hasebe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Choi IY, Gerlag DM, Holzinger D, Roth J, Tak PP. From synovial tissue to peripheral blood: myeloid related protein 8/14 is a sensitive biomarker for effective treatment in early drug development in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106253. [PMID: 25166859 PMCID: PMC4148438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The change in number of CD68-positive sublining macrophages in serial synovial biopsies has been successfully used to discriminate on the group level between effective and ineffective treatment during early drug development in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Measurement of a soluble biomarker would clearly have practical advantages. Therefore, we investigated the sensitivity to change of myeloid related protein (MRP)8/14 in serum. Methods 139 RA patients who received known effective biologics (infliximab, adalimumab and rituximab) and 28 RA patients who received placebo/ineffective therapies were included. MRP8/14 levels were analyzed in baseline and follow-up serum samples and the standardized response mean (SRM) was calculated to determine the sensitivity to change of MRP8/14 in comparison to C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the disease activity score evaluated in 28 joints (DAS28). Results In patients treated with effective treatment, the SRM for MRP8/14 was moderate (0.56), but in patients treated with placebo/ineffective treatment the SRM was 0.06, suggesting that this biomarker is perhaps not susceptible to placebo effects in proof-of-concept studies of relatively short duration. In contrast, the SRM for DAS28 was high for effective treatment (1.07), but also moderate for ineffective treatment (0.58), representing the placebo effect. The SRM for CRP was low in the effective (0.33) and ineffective (0.23) treatment groups. Conclusion These data support the notion that quantification of changes in MRP8/14 serum levels could be used to predict potential efficacy of novel antirheumatic drugs in an early stage of drug development. A positive result would support the rationale for larger, conventional clinical trials to determine whether the effects are clinically relevant.
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MESH Headings
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/blood
- Adalimumab
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antirheumatic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antirheumatic Agents/pharmacology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Biomarkers/blood
- C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
- Calgranulin B/blood
- Female
- Humans
- Infliximab
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prospective Studies
- Rituximab
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Y. Choi
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle M. Gerlag
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk Holzinger
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children’s Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Paul P. Tak
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Ciccia F, Guggino G, Rizzo A, Alessandro R, Carubbi F, Giardina A, Cipriani P, Ferrante A, Cannizzaro A, Giacomelli R, Triolo G. Rituximab modulates IL-17 expression in the salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:1313-20. [PMID: 24602921 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of rituximab (RTX) in modulating the expression of the IL-17/IL-23 pathway in the salivary glands (SGs) of patients with primary SS (pSS). METHODS Consecutive SG biopsies were obtained from 15 patients with pSS before and after 1 year of RTX therapy. The SG expression of IL-17, IL-23p19 and p-STAT3 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry at baseline and after RTX therapy. The role of mast cells in pSS patients in modulating the Th17 response and the immunologic effect of RTX on mast cells were also studied in in vitro experiments. RESULTS IL-17 was overexpressed in the SGs of patients with pSS mainly by infiltrating T cells and mast cells. After RTX therapy, the SG expression of IL-17, but not of IL-23p19 and p-STAT3, was significantly reduced and was accompanied by the depletion of tissue mast cells. In in vitro experiments with heterologous peripheral lymphocytes RTX significantly induced the apoptosis of isolated mast cells. Finally, mast cells isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of pSS patients in vitro significantly increased Th17 lymphocytes. CONCLUSION RTX acts on pSS patients by globally reducing the expression of IL-17 and specifically inducing a pronounced apoptotic depletion of mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ciccia
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuliana Guggino
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Aroldo Rizzo
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Carubbi
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - AnnaRita Giardina
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Angelo Ferrante
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cannizzaro
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Triolo
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistiche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università di Palermo, Palermo and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Salute pubblica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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Lan H, Li W, Fu Z, Yang Y, Wu T, Liu Y, Zhang H, Cui H, Li Y, Hong P, Liu J, Zheng X. Differential intracellular signalling properties of the growth hormone receptor induced by the activation of an anti-GHR antibody. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 390:54-64. [PMID: 24755421 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of studies have reported that anti-GHR antibody can function as a GHR agonist and may serve as an attractive tool for studying the mechanisms of GHR activation. However, to date, there is relatively little information about intracellular signalling triggered by anti-GHR antibody. Therefore, in this work, we have developed a panel of monoclonal antibodies to GHBP, among which one Mab, termed CG-172, was selected for further characterisation because of its signalling properties. The results from FACS assays, receptor binding and immunoprecipitation assays and western blotting demonstrated that CG-172 specifically binds to GHR expressed on target cells. Subsequently, epitope mapping studies that used receptor binding analysis showed that CG-172 specifically binds subdomain 1 of GHR ECD. We next examined the resulting signal transduction pathways triggered by this antibody in CHO-GHR638 cells and rat hepatocytes. We found that CG-172 can activate JAK2, AKT, ERK1/2 and STAT1/3 but not STAT5. The phosphorylation kinetics of STAT1/3, AKT and ERK1/2 induced by either GH or CG-172 were analysed in dose-response and time course experiments. Our observations demonstrated that an anti-GHR monoclonal antibody (CG-172) can serve as an attractive tool to study the mechanism(s) of GHR-mediated intracellular signalling pathways and may lead to the production of signal-specific molecules that are capable of inducing different biochemical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhiling Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Yanhong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Tiancheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Huanzhong Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Yumeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Pan Hong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, PR China.
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Abstract
The humanized anti-CD22 antibody, epratuzumab, has demonstrated therapeutic activity in clinical trials of lymphoma, leukemia and autoimmune diseases, treating currently over 1500 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemias, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, Sjögren's syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Because epratuzumab reduces on average only 35% of circulating B cells in patients, and has minimal antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and negligible complement-dependent cytotoxicity when evaluated in vitro, its therapeutic activity may not result completely from B-cell depletion. We reported recently that epratuzumab mediates Fc/FcR-dependent membrane transfer from B cells to effector cells via trogocytosis, resulting in a substantial reduction of multiple BCR modulators, including CD22, CD19, CD21, and CD79b, as well as key cell adhesion molecules, including CD44, CD62L, and β7 integrin, on the surface of B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from normal donors or SLE patients. Rituximab has clinical activity in lupus, but failed to achieve primary endpoints in a Phase III trial. This is the first study of trogocytosis mediated by bispecific antibodies targeting neighboring cell-surface proteins, CD22, CD20, and CD19, as demonstrated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. We show that, compared to epratuzumab, a bispecific hexavalent antibody comprising epratuzumab and veltuzumab (humanized anti-CD20 mAb) exhibits enhanced trogocytosis resulting in major reductions in B-cell surface levels of CD19, CD20, CD21, CD22, CD79b, CD44, CD62L and β7-integrin, and with considerably less immunocompromising B-cell depletion that would result with anti-CD20 mAbs such as veltuzumab or rituximab, given either alone or in combination with epratuzumab. A CD22/CD19 bispecific hexavalent antibody, which exhibited enhanced trogocytosis of some antigens and minimal B-cell depletion, may also be therapeutically useful. The bispecific antibody is a candidate for improved treatment of lupus and other autoimmune diseases, offering advantages over administration of the two parental antibodies in combination.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Bispecific/immunology
- Antibodies, Bispecific/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Immunological Synapses/metabolism
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism
- Rituximab
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund A. Rossi
- Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey, United States of America
- IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Chien-Hsing Chang
- Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey, United States of America
- IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - David M. Goldenberg
- Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey, United States of America
- IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, New Jersey, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Morris Plains, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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43
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Herrera D, Rojas OL, Duarte-Rey C, Mantilla RD, Ángel J, Franco MA. Simultaneous assessment of rotavirus-specific memory B cells and serological memory after B cell depletion therapy with rituximab. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97087. [PMID: 24819618 PMCID: PMC4018270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that contribute to the maintenance of serological memory are still unclear. Rotavirus (RV) memory B cells (mBc) are enriched in IgM+ and CD27- subpopulations, which are associated with autoimmune diseases pathogenesis. In patients with autoimmune diseases treated with Rituximab (RTX), some autoantibodies (auto-Abs) decrease after treatment, but other auto-Abs and pathogen-specific IgG Abs remain unchanged. Thus, maintenance of autoimmune and pathogen-specific serological memory may depend on the type of antigen and/or Ab isotype evaluated. Antigen-specific mBc and antigen-specific Abs of different isotypes have not been simultaneously assessed in patients after RTX treatment. To study the relationship between mBc subpopulations and serological memory we characterized total, RV- and tetanus toxoid (TT)-specific mBc by flow cytometry in patients with autoimmune diseases before and after treatment with RTX. We also measured total, RV- and TT-Abs, and some auto-Abs by kinetic nephelometry, ELISA, and EliA tests, respectively. Minor differences were observed between the relative frequencies of RV-mBc in healthy controls and patients with autoimmune disease. After RTX treatment, naïve Bc and total, RV- and TT-specific mBc [IgM+, switched (IgA+/IgG+), IgM+ only, IgD+ only, and CD27- (IgA+/IgG+/IgM+)] were significantly diminished. An important decrease in total plasma IgM and minor decreases in total IgG and IgA levels were also observed. IgM rheumatoid factor, IgG anti-CCP, and IgG anti-dsDNA were significantly diminished. In contrast, RV-IgA, RV-IgG and RV-IgG1, and TT-IgG titers remained stable. In conclusion, in patients with autoimmunity, serological memory against RV and TT seem to be maintained by long-lived plasma cells, unaffected by RTX, and an important proportion of total IgM and serological memory against some auto-antigens seem to be maintained by short-lived plasma cells, dependent on mBc precursors depleted by RTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Herrera
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Olga L. Rojas
- Unidad de Inmunología, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Juana Ángel
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel A. Franco
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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Flies DB, Han X, Higuchi T, Zheng L, Sun J, Ye JJ, Chen L. Coinhibitory receptor PD-1H preferentially suppresses CD4⁺ T cell-mediated immunity. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:1966-75. [PMID: 24743150 DOI: 10.1172/jci74589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell activation is regulated by the interactions of surface receptors with stimulatory and inhibitory ligands. Programmed death-1 homolog (PD-1H, also called VISTA) is a member of the CD28 family of proteins and has been shown to act as a coinhibitory ligand on APCs that suppress T cell responses. Here, we determined that PD-1H functions as a coinhibitory receptor for CD4⁺ T cells. CD4⁺ T cells in mice lacking PD-1H exhibited a dramatically increased response to antigen stimulation. Furthermore, delivery of a PD-1H-specific agonist mAb directly inhibited CD4⁺ T cell activation both in vitro and in vivo, validating a coinhibitory function of PD-1H. In a murine model of acute hepatitis, administration of a PD-1H agonist mAb suppressed CD4⁺ T cell-mediated acute inflammation. PD-1H-deficient animals were highly resistant to tumor induction in a murine brain glioma model, and depletion of CD4⁺ T cells, but not CD8⁺ T cells, promoted tumor formation. Together, our findings suggest that PD-1H has potential as a target of immune modulation in the treatment of human inflammation and malignancies.
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Auerbach MR, Yan D, Vij R, Hongo JA, Nakamura G, Vernes JM, Meng YG, Lein S, Chan P, Ross J, Carano R, Deng R, Lewin-Koh N, Xu M, Feierbach B. A neutralizing anti-gH/gL monoclonal antibody is protective in the guinea pig model of congenital CMV infection. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004060. [PMID: 24722349 PMCID: PMC3983071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common cause of congenital virus infection. Congenital HCMV infection occurs in 0.2–1% of all births, and causes birth defects and developmental abnormalities, including sensorineural hearing loss and developmental delay. Several key studies have established the guinea pig as a tractable model for the study of congenital HCMV infection and have shown that polyclonal antibodies can be protective [1]–[3]. In this study, we demonstrate that an anti-guinea pig CMV (GPCMV) glycoprotein H/glycoprotein L neutralizing monoclonal antibody protects against fetal infection and loss in the guinea pig. Furthermore, we have delineated the kinetics of GPCMV congenital infection, from maternal infection (salivary glands, seroconversion, placenta) to fetal infection (fetus and amniotic fluid). Our studies support the hypothesis that a neutralizing monoclonal antibody targeting an envelope GPCMV glycoprotein can protect the fetus from infection and may shed light on the therapeutic intervention of HCMV congenital infection in humans. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common cause of congenital virus infection and causes developmental abnormalities, including hearing loss and developmental delay. Although there is no therapy for congenital HCMV disease, there is evidence from both human and animal studies that antibodies can have efficacy in this setting. Such studies have focused exclusively on polyclonal antibodies, in which the targets of protective antibodies are unknown. Guinea pigs have been used as a model of human maternal fetal transmission of infection because of similarities in placental anatomy between human and guinea pig. Furthermore, guinea pig CMV (GPCMV) has been demonstrated to cross the placenta and cause fetal infection and loss, similar to the effects of infection with HCMV. However, the kinetics of maternal and fetal infection in this model has not been carefully investigated. In this work, we have delineated the kinetics of maternal to fetal infection and found that congenital infection is rapid following maternal infection. Importantly, we demonstrate that a monoclonal antibody against a protein critical for viral entry protects pregnant guinea pigs against fetal infection. Thus, our studies may be informative for development of a therapeutic intervention to treat congenital HCMV infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcy R. Auerbach
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Donghong Yan
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Vij
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jo-Anne Hongo
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Gerald Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jean-Michel Vernes
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Y. Gloria Meng
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Samantha Lein
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Pamela Chan
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jed Ross
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Richard Carano
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rong Deng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Lewin-Koh
- Department of Biostatistics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Becket Feierbach
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sun F, Ladha SS, Yang L, Liu Q, Shi SXY, Su N, Bomprezzi R, Shi FD. Interleukin-10 producing-B cells and their association with responsiveness to rituximab in myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve 2014; 49:487-94. [PMID: 23868194 DOI: 10.1002/mus.23951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A subset of regulatory B cells in humans and mice has been defined functionally by their ability to produce interleukin (IL)-10. We characterized IL-10-producing B (B10) cells in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients and correlated them with disease activity and responsiveness to rituximab therapy. METHODS Frequencies of B10 cells from MG patients and healthy controls were monitored by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). RESULTS MG patients had fewer B10 cells than controls, which was associated with more severe disease status. Moreover, patients who responded well to rituximab therapy exhibited rapid repopulation of B10 cells, whereas in patients who did not respond well to rituximab, B10 cell repopulation was delayed. The kinetics of B10 cells were related to the responsiveness to rituximab in MG. CONCLUSIONS We have characterized a specific subset of B10 cells in MG patients which may serve as a marker for disease activity and responsiveness to immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sun
- Department of Neurology and Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
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Lehmann D, Spanholtz J, Sturtzel C, Tordoir M, Schlechta B, Groenewegen D, Hofer E. IL-12 directs further maturation of ex vivo differentiated NK cells with improved therapeutic potential. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87131. [PMID: 24498025 PMCID: PMC3909052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility to modulate ex vivo human NK cell differentiation towards specific phenotypes will contribute to a better understanding of NK cell differentiation and facilitate tailored production of NK cells for immunotherapy. In this study, we show that addition of a specific low dose of IL-12 to an ex vivo NK cell differentiation system from cord blood CD34(+) stem cells will result in significantly increased proportions of cells with expression of CD62L as well as KIRs and CD16 which are preferentially expressed on mature CD56(dim) peripheral blood NK cells. In addition, the cells displayed decreased expression of receptors such as CCR6 and CXCR3, which are typically expressed to a lower extent by CD56(dim) than CD56(bright) peripheral blood NK cells. The increased number of CD62L and KIR positive cells prevailed in a population of CD33(+)NKG2A(+) NK cells, supporting that maturation occurs via this subtype. Among a series of transcription factors tested we found Gata3 and TOX to be significantly downregulated, whereas ID3 was upregulated in the IL-12-modulated ex vivo NK cells, implicating these factors in the observed changes. Importantly, the cells differentiated in the presence of IL-12 showed enhanced cytokine production and cytolytic activity against MHC class I negative and positive targets. Moreover, in line with the enhanced CD16 expression, these cells exhibited improved antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity for B-cell leukemia target cells in the presence of the clinically applied antibody rituximab. Altogether, these data provide evidence that IL-12 directs human ex vivo NK cell differentiation towards more mature NK cells with improved properties for potential cancer therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/drug effects
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/immunology
- Antigens, CD34/immunology
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Fetal Blood/cytology
- Fetal Blood/immunology
- Fetal Blood/metabolism
- Flow Cytometry
- GATA3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- GATA3 Transcription Factor/immunology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/immunology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- High Mobility Group Proteins/genetics
- High Mobility Group Proteins/immunology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins/genetics
- Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins/immunology
- Interleukin-2/immunology
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- K562 Cells
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- L-Selectin/immunology
- L-Selectin/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Receptors, CCR6/immunology
- Receptors, CCR6/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR3/immunology
- Receptors, CXCR3/metabolism
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR/immunology
- Receptors, KIR/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Rituximab
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Lehmann
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Spanholtz
- Glycostem Therapeutics, s-Hertogenbosch, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Caterina Sturtzel
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marleen Tordoir
- Glycostem Therapeutics, s-Hertogenbosch, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Schlechta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dirk Groenewegen
- Glycostem Therapeutics, s-Hertogenbosch, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erhard Hofer
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Though type 1 diabetes (T1D) is considered a T cell-mediated autoimmune disorder, recent evidence indicates that B cells play a critical role in disease. This conclusion is based in part on the success of anti-CD20 (rituximab) therapy, which by broadly depleting B cells delays disease progression in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice and new-onset patients. B cell receptor (BCR) specificity to islet autoantigen is key. NOD mice whose B cell repertoire is biased toward insulin reactivity show increased disease development, while bias away from insulin reactivity largely prevents disease. Although the operative disease-promoting B cell effector function remains undefined, islet-antigen reactive B cells function in antigen presentation to diabetogenic CD4 T cells. Other studies implicate B cells in antigen presentation to CD8 T cells. B cell participation in TID appears predicated on faulty B cell tolerance. Here, we review extant findings implicating B cells in T1D in mice and men.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Autoantibodies/blood
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Immune Tolerance/drug effects
- Immune Tolerance/immunology
- Immunologic Factors/pharmacology
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/immunology
- Rituximab
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle M Hinman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12800 E 19th Avenue, P18-8100, Mail Stop 8333, RC1 N, Aurora, CO, 80045-2537, USA,
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49
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Mazurov VI, Avlokhova SR. [The quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with rituximab]. Klin Med (Mosk) 2014; 92:42-48. [PMID: 25980298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the work was to assess the quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with rituximab in combination with methotrexate or methotrexate monotherapy. The statistically significant improvement of quality of life in both groups 12 months after onset of the treatment was roughly identical. Rutiximab was prescribed after ineffective treatment with TNF-α inhibitors.
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Dzhumbaeva BT, Biriukova LS, Gemdzhian EG, Kravchenko SK, Melikian AL, Roshtina LS. [Chronic lymphocytic leukemia accompanied by renal failure]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2014; 86:37-41. [PMID: 25804038 DOI: 10.17116/terarkh2014861237-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficiency and safety of monotherapy with bendamustine (B) and therapy with B in combination with rituximab (B + R) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) accompanied by renal failure (RF). SUBJECTS AND METHODS The prospective pilot study included 8 patients (6 men, 2 women) with CLL concurrent with RF. The patients' median age was 63 years (51-77 years). The Binet classification stage of CLL corresponded to B in 2 cases and C in 6. The mean (± standard error) pretreatment concentration of creatinine was 218 ± 92 μmol/l and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 33 ± 20 ml/min. The efficiency of monotherapy with B (n=5) and combination therapy with B + R (n=3) was evaluated. In progressive CLL, therapy was performed in specific treatment-naïve patients (n = 5) and in pretreated patients refractory to alkylating agents (cyclophosphan, chlorambucil) (n = 3). A total of cycles of B and B + R were carried out. RESULTS After B monotherapy, one of the 5 cases achieved a complete remission, 3 a partial remission, and 1 a nodular partial remission. Three patients developed recurrence. In the B monotherapy group, the cumulative risk of recurrence was 70% at a median follow-up of 22 months and at a maximum follow-up of 27 months. In the B + R therapy group, all the 3 patients achieved a complete remission. The median follow-up was 7 months; the maximum follow-up was 1 year. There were no deaths or recurrences. During B monotherapy and B + R combination therapy, there was improved kidney function: the mean concentration of creatinine decreased from 218 ± 92 to 140 ± 57 μmol/l (p < 0.05); GFR increased from 33 ± 20.0 to 54 ± 25 ml/min; the mean increment was 20 ml/min (p < 0.01). Mild and moderate anemia and thrombocytopenia were most common during B and B + R therapies. Neutropenia with mild infection complications, as well as nonhematologic complications were detected in some cases. The drugs were observed to have no nephrotoxic effects. CONCLUSION The performed pilot prospective indicated that the B + R combination therapy was effective in patients with RF-associated CLL. No toxic effect of B on kidney function was seen. During B therapy, there was better kidney function manifesting itself as a statistically and clinically important decrease in creatinine concentrations and a statistically and clinically important increase in GFR as compared to the baseline values.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Bendamustine Hydrochloride
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/complications
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Nitrogen Mustard Compounds/administration & dosage
- Nitrogen Mustard Compounds/adverse effects
- Nitrogen Mustard Compounds/pharmacology
- Pilot Projects
- Renal Insufficiency/drug therapy
- Renal Insufficiency/etiology
- Rituximab
- Treatment Outcome
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