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Hong J, Du K, Zhang W, Chen J, Jin H, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Yu H, Weng X, Zheng S, Yu J, Cao L. 6:2 Cl-PFESA, a proposed safe alternative for PFOS, diminishes the gemcitabine effectiveness in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134790. [PMID: 38850938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)/pancreatic cancer, is a highly aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of PDAC treatment. Nonetheless, the development of resistance to gemcitabine among patients is a major factor contributing to unfavorable prognostic outcomes. The resistance exhibited by tumors is modulated by a constellation of factors such as genetic mutations, tumor microenvironment transforms, environmental contaminants exposure. Currently, comprehension of the relationship between environmental pollutants and tumor drug resistance remains inadequate. Our study found that PFOS/6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure increases resistance to gemcitabine in PDAC. Subsequent in vivo trials confirmed that exposure to PFOS/6:2 Cl-PFESA reduces gemcitabine's efficacy in suppressing PDAC, with the inhibition rate decreasing from 79.5 % to 56.7 %/38.7 %, respectively. Integrative multi-omics sequencing and molecular biology analyses have identified the upregulation of ribonucleotide reductase catalytic subunit M1 (RRM1) as a critical factor in gemcitabine resistance. Subsequent research has demonstrated that exposure to PFOS and 6:2 Cl-PFESA results in the upregulation of the RRM1 pathway, consequently enhancing chemotherapy resistance. Remarkably, the influence exerted by 6:2 Cl-PFESA exceeds that of PFOS. Despite 6:2 Cl-PFESA being regarded as a safer substitute for PFOS, its pronounced effect on chemotherapeutic resistance in PDAC necessitates a thorough evaluation of its potential risks related to gastrointestinal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Hong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Keyi Du
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Weichen Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Junran Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China; Innovation Research Center of Advanced Environmental Technology, Eco-Industrial Innovation Institute ZJUT, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324400, China
| | - Yuanchen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China; Innovation Research Center of Advanced Environmental Technology, Eco-Industrial Innovation Institute ZJUT, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324400, China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hanxi Yu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoyu Weng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Linping Cao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Li Y, Zhao J, Xue Z, Tsang C, Qiao X, Dong L, Li H, Yang Y, Yu B, Gao Y. Aptamer nucleotide analog drug conjugates in the targeting therapy of cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1053984. [PMID: 36544906 PMCID: PMC9760908 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1053984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are short single-strand oligonucleotides that can form secondary and tertiary structures, fitting targets with high affinity and specificity. They are so-called "chemical antibodies" and can target specific biomarkers in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is usually used for the enrichment and selection of aptamers, and the targets could be metal ions, small molecules, nucleotides, proteins, cells, or even tissues or organs. Due to the high specificity and distinctive binding affinity of aptamers, aptamer-drug conjugates (ApDCs) have demonstrated their potential role in drug delivery for cancer-targeting therapies. Compared with antibodies which are produced by a cell-based bioreactor, aptamers are chemically synthesized molecules that can be easily conjugated to drugs and modified; however, the conventional ApDCs conjugate the aptamer with an active drug using a linker which may add more concerns to the stability of the ApDC, the drug-releasing efficiency, and the drug-loading capacity. The function of aptamer in conventional ApDC is just as a targeting moiety which could not fully perform the advantages of aptamers. To address these drawbacks, scientists have started using active nucleotide analogs as the cargoes of ApDCs, such as clofarabine, ara-guanosine, gemcitabine, and floxuridine, to replace all or part of the natural nucleotides in aptamer sequences. In turn, these new types of ApDCs, aptamer nucleotide analog drug conjugates, show the strength for targeting efficacy but avoid the complex drug linker designation and improve the synthetic efficiency. More importantly, these classic nucleotide analog drugs have been used for many years, and aptamer nucleotide analog drug conjugates would not increase any unknown druggability risk but improve the target tumor accumulation. In this review, we mainly summarized aptamer-conjugated nucleotide analog drugs in cancer-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshu Li
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China,Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yongshu Li, ; Yunhua Gao,
| | - Jing Zhao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhichao Xue
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Chiman Tsang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoting Qiao
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianhua Dong
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China,Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Li
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunhua Gao
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China,Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yongshu Li, ; Yunhua Gao,
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Huang Z, Xiong G. BRCA1 expression associated with the prognostic value of platinum-based chemotherapy for stage II-IV non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2022; 37:170-177. [PMID: 35404148 DOI: 10.1177/03936155221088882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the relationship between breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) expression and the prognostic value of platinum-based chemotherapy for stage II-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to August 2021, for retrieving literature related to BRCA1 expression and prognostic value of platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. Stata 15.0 was employed for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 15 articles were included. Compared with the low BRCA1 expression, its high expression negatively affected the overall survival of NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-2.31, P < 0.05). No significant difference was identified in the effect of both low and high BRCA1 expression on event-free survival (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 0.98-3.05, P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that significant differences existed in overall survival and event-free survival in Caucasian population; that is, compared with low BRCA1 expression, its high expression negatively affected the overall survival (HR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.15-2.79, P < 0.05) and event-free survival (HR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.43-3.97, P < 0.05). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in overall survival and event-free survival in China. CONCLUSION BRCA1 expression is correlated with the prognostic value of platinum-based chemotherapy for stage II-IV NSCLC patients. In Caucasian population, compared with low BRCA1 expression, its high expression has a negative effect on the overall survival and event-free survival in stage II-IV NSCLC patients after platinum-based chemotherapy; however, this correlation was not found in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Huang
- Department of Oncology, NanFang Hospital, 198153Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, NanFang Hospital, 198153Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Wu C, Zhao A, Tan T, Wang Y, Shen Z. Overexpression of microRNA-620 facilitates the resistance of triple negative breast cancer cells to gemcitabine treatment by targeting DCTD. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:550-558. [PMID: 31258693 PMCID: PMC6566059 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) have a poor survival rate following chemotherapy due to drug resistance. Notably, the molecular mechanism of drug resistance remains elusive. Between December 2011 and December 2014, 36 TNBC samples were obtained from Liaocheng People's Hospital. Three gemcitabine-resistant MDA-MB-231 cell lines (MDA-MB-231rGEM1, MDA-MB-231rGEM2 and MDA-MB-231rGEM3) were obtained by exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells to increasing concentrations of gemcitabine for >12 months. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression levels of specific genes, including microRNA (miR)-620, ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1 (ABCB1), ABCC10, cytidine monophosphate kinase, deoxycytidine monophosphate deaminase (DCTD), nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 (NME1), ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit (RRM1) and RRMB2. Western blot analysis was performed to assess the protein expression levels of DCTD. Furthermore, cell proliferation was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and cell apoptosis was detected using an Annexin V/Dead Cell Apoptosis kit. Interactions between miR-620 and DCTD were predicted using TargetScan and detected with the dual luciferase reporter assay. Elevation of miR-620 expression levels were detected in two of the assessed gemcitabine-resistant MDA-MB-231 cell lines compared with MDA-MB-231 cells. Gemcitabine induced significant elevation of miR-620 in MDA-MB-231 cells. An increase of DCTD at mRNA and protein expression levels in MDA-MB-231rGEM1 cells was observed compared with those in MDA-MB-231 cells. Results suggested that DCTD was directly regulated by miR-620. Inhibition of miR-620 and overexpression of DCTD reversed gemcitabine resistance in MDA-MB-231rGEM1 cells via inducing cell apoptosis and cell growth arrest. A negative correlation was identified between miR-620 and DCTD mRNA expression levels in patients with TNBC. The present results demonstrated that overexpression of miR-620 could contribute to the development of gemcitabine resistance in patients with TNBC via the direct downregulation of DCTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaocheng Cancer Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Aili Zhao
- Radiology Department, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Tingzhao Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaocheng Cancer Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaocheng Cancer Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Zhentao Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaocheng Cancer Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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Bird NTE, Elmasry M, Jones R, Psarelli E, Dodd J, Malik H, Greenhalf W, Kitteringham N, Ghaneh P, Neoptolemos JP, Palmer D. Immunohistochemical hENT1 expression as a prognostic biomarker in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergoing adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. Br J Surg 2017; 104:328-336. [PMID: 28199010 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human equilibrative nucleoside transporters (hENTs) are transmembranous proteins that facilitate the uptake of nucleosides and nucleoside analogues, such as gemcitabine, into the cell. The abundance of hENT1 transporters in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) might make hENT1 a potential biomarker of response to adjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to see whether hENT1 expression, as determined by immunohistochemistry, was a suitable predictive marker for subsequent treatment with gemcitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS A systematic review was performed, searching databases from January 1997 to January 2016. Articles pertaining to hENT1 immunohistochemical analysis in resected PDAC specimens from patients who subsequently underwent adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy were identified. Eligible studies were required to contain survival data, reporting specifically overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) with associated hazard ratios (HRs) stratified by hENT1 status. RESULTS Of 42 articles reviewed, eight were suitable for review, with seven selected for quantitative meta-analysis. The total number of patients included in the meta-analysis was 770 (405 hENT1-negative, 365 hENT1-positive). Immunohistochemically detected hENT1 expression was significantly associated with both prolonged DFS (HR 0·58, 95 per cent c.i. 0·42 to 0·79) and OS (HR 0·52, 0·38 to 0·72) in patients receiving adjuvant gemcitabine but not those having fluoropyrimidine-based adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSION Expression of hENT1 is a suitable prognostic biomarker in patients undergoing adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T E Bird
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - M Elmasry
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - R Jones
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - E Psarelli
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - J Dodd
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - H Malik
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - W Greenhalf
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - N Kitteringham
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - P Ghaneh
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - J P Neoptolemos
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - D Palmer
- Liverpool University Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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Morales-Espinosa D, García-Román S, Karachaliou N, Rosell R. Pharmacogenomics in the treatment of lung cancer: an update. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:1751-60. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant advances have been made in the analysis of the human genome in the first decades of the 21st century and understanding of tumor biology has matured greatly. The identification of tumor-associated mutations and the pathways involved has led to the development of targeted anticancer therapies. However, the challenge now in using chemotherapy to treat nonsmall-cell lung cancer is to identify more molecular markers predictive of drug sensitivity and determine the optimal drug sequences in order to tailor treatment to each patient. This approach could permit selection of patients who could benefit most from a specific type of chemotherapy by matching their tumor and individual genetic profile. Nevertheless, this potential has been limited so far by reliance on the single biomarker approach, though this is now on the way to being overcome through whole genome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Morales-Espinosa
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Ctra Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundación Clínica, Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico
- Carcinogenesis Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Mexico City, México
- Dr Rosell Oncology Institute, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Niki Karachaliou
- Dr Rosell Oncology Institute, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Ctra Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Dr Rosell Oncology Institute, Quirón Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Pangaea Biotech S.L., Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
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Ye FG, Song CG, Cao ZG, Xia C, Chen DN, Chen L, Li S, Qiao F, Ling H, Yao L, Hu X, Shao ZM. Cytidine Deaminase Axis Modulated by miR-484 Differentially Regulates Cell Proliferation and Chemoresistance in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2015; 75:1504-15. [PMID: 25643696 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There has been little study of how the evolution of chemoresistance in cancer affects other aspects of disease pathogenesis. Here, we show that an important chemoresistance axis driven by cytidine deaminase (CDA) also acts to suppress cell-cycle progression by regulating cyclin E-CDK2 signaling. We found that CDA was regulated by miR-484 in a gemcitabine-resistant model of breast cancer. Elevating miR-484 expression reversed the CDA effects, thereby enhancing gemcitabine sensitivity, accelerating cell proliferation, and redistributing cell-cycle progression. Conversely, elevating CDA to restore its expression counteracted the chemosensitization and cell proliferative effects of miR-484. In clinical specimens of breast cancer, CDA expression was frequently downregulated and inversely correlated with miR-484 expression. Moreover, high expression of CDA was associated with prolonged disease-free survival in studied cohorts. Collectively, our findings established that miR-484-modulated CDA has a dual impact in promoting chemoresistance and suppressing cell proliferation in breast cancer, illustrating the pathogenic tradeoffs associated with the evolution of chemoresistance in this malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Gui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Gui Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xia
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan-Na Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Li
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Ling
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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Jiang H, Wang H, Wang S, Pei Z, Fu Z, Fang C, Wang J, Lu Q, Wang E, Li J. Expression of ERCC1, TYMS, RRM1, TUBB3, non-muscle myosin II, myoglobin and MyoD1 in lung adenocarcinoma pleural effusions predicts survival in patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:3523-32. [PMID: 25573098 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between the expression of excision repair cross‑complementing gene 1 (ERCC1), thymidylate synthase (TYMS), ribonuleotide reductase M1 (RRM1), βIII‑tubulin (TUBB3), non‑muscle myosin II, myoglobin and MyoD1 in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, and clinical outcomes with platinum‑based chemotherapy treatment is not well‑established. Recently, increasing attention has been focused on the involvement of ERCC1, TYMS, RRM1 and TUBB3 in the development of drug resistance. There has been less research into the role of muscle myosin II, myoglobin and MyoD1 in the pathogenesis of lung cancer, although these genes are known to have important functions within tumor cells. In the current study, malignant pleural effusion from 116 patients with untreated lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed between 2011 and 2012, were collected. The protein expression levels of ERCC1, TYMS, RRM1 and TUBB3 were evaluated with immunocytochemistry and western blot analysis. The expression levels of non‑muscle myosin II, myoglobin and MyoD1 were measured in a subset of 50 patients, treated with platinum‑based chemotherapy. The association of each of these seven factors with one another, as well as with patient survival were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the percentage of pleural fluid samples from patients with lung adenocarcinoma expressing ERCC1, TYMS, RRM1 and TUBB3 was 37, 36.2, 82.7 and 69.8%, respectively. In the subset of 50 patients in whom the remaining factors were analyzed, the percentage expressing non‑muscle myosin II was 48%, for myoglobin the figure was 40% and for MyoD1 it was 38%. There was a positive correlation between each pair of the above seven molecules with the exception of TYMS and RRM1. Expression of ERCC1, TYMS, TUBB3, non‑muscle myosin II, myoglobin and MyoD1 genes was associated with decreased survival in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Expression of ERCC1, TYMS, TUBB3, non‑muscle myosin II, myoglobin and MyoD1 was also associated with decreased survival rates of patients with lung adenocarcinoma treated with platinum‑based chemotherapy. These factors may be used as clinical biomarkers to predict the biological behavior and chemoresistance of tumor cells, and the survival of patients with lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Jiang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences and First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P.R. China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Medicine, The Commonwealth Medical College, Scranton, PA 18905, USA
| | - Zhengtong Pei
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Zhimin Fu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences and First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Fang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences and First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences and First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P.R. China
| | - Qingjie Lu
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110011, P.R. China
| | - Enhua Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences and First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences and First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P.R. China
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Karim NA, Bui H, Pathrose P, Starnes S, Patil N, Shehata M, Mostafa A, Rao M, Zarzour A, Anderson M. The use of pharmacogenomics for selection of therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ONCOLOGY 2014; 8:139-44. [PMID: 25520568 PMCID: PMC4259862 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s18369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Performance status (PS) is the only known clinical predictor of outcome in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), although pharmacogenomic markers may also correlate with outcome. The aim of our study was to correlate clinical and pharmacogenomic measures with overall survival. METHODS This was an IRB approved, retrospective study in which the medical records of 50 patients with advanced NSCLC from 1998–2008 were reviewed, and gender, race, PS, and chemotherapy regimens were documented. Stromal expression of pharmacogenomic markers (VEGFR, ERCC1, 14-3-3σ, pAKT, and PTEN) was measured. Clinical factors and pharmacogenomics markers were compared to overall survival using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS Forty patients received platinum-based therapy. Median age was 65 years. Improved PS, female gender, and gemcitabine therapy were significantly associated with longer overall survival (P = 0.004, P = 0.04, and P = 0.003, respectively). Age was not associated with survival. Caucasians had better overall survival in comparison to African Americans with median survival of 14.8 months versus 10.4 months (P = 0.1). Patients treated with platinum-based therapy had better survival of 15 months versus 8 months for non-platinum based therapy (P = 0.01). There was no significant association between any of the pharmacogenomics markers and overall survival other than in patients treated with platinum, in whom ERCC1 negativity was strongly associated with longer survival (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION ERCC1 negativity with platinum therapy, gemcitabine therapy, good PS, and female gender all correlated with improved overall survival in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagla A Karim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hai Bui
- Department of Pathology, Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Peterson Pathrose
- Divison of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sandra Starnes
- Divison of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ninad Patil
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mahmoud Shehata
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mb Rao
- Division of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ahmad Zarzour
- Internal Medicine Department, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marshall Anderson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Wang S, Pan H, Liu D, Mao N, Zuo C, Li L, Xie T, Huang D, Huang Y, Pan Q, Yang L, Wu J. Excision repair cross complementation group 1 is a chemotherapy-tolerating gene in cisplatin-based treatment for non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2014; 46:809-17. [PMID: 25434755 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the biological functions of excision repair cross complementation goup 1 (ERCC1) in cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion and cisplatin response of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Firstly, ERCC1 gene was successfully transfected into H1299 cells by gene cloning and transfection techniques. Then, cell proliferation was determined with the cell growth curve and colony-forming assays. Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to investigate the cell cycle distribution. The ability of cell invasion was estimated by means of Matrigel invasion assays. Response of NSCLC cells to cisplatin was detected utilizing MTT assays, and the intracellular drug concentrations were determined by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Expression of the two cell membrane proteins, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), was also evaluated utilizing FCM technique. By contrast, ERCC1 expression in the NSCLC A549 cells was silenced by small interfering RNA (siRNA) through RNAi technique. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin on A549 cells was detected by MTT assays. In the present study, the results demonstrated that ERCC1 had no effect on cell proliferation, cell cycle and the ability of invasion, but showed significant impact on cisplatin response of the NSCLC H1299 cells. Furthermore, siRNA-induced suppression of ERCC1 evidently enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin of NSCLC A549 cells. Therefore, it is confirmed that ERCC1 is a chemotherapy-tolerating gene and a promising predictor in tailoring chemotherapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoufeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Desen Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Naiquan Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chuantian Zuo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Tong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Dingming Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yaoyuan Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qi Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Abstract
Chemotherapy occupies an important position in the treatment of gastric cancer. Platinum drugs are commonly chemotherapy drugs for gastric cancer; however, sensitivity to these drugs varies among different patients. The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor gene that is associated with sensitivity to platinum drugs. At present, the research on the BRCA1 gene is mainly focused on breast cancer, and there have been fewer studies on gastric cancer. This paper will give an overview of the structure and function of the BRCA1 gene and the relationship between BRCA1 and gastric cancer.
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12
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Mitra AK, Kirstein MN, Khatri A, Skubitz KM, Dudek AZ, Greeno EW, Kratzke RA, Lamba JK. Pathway-based pharmacogenomics of gemcitabine pharmacokinetics in patients with solid tumors. Pharmacogenomics 2013; 13:1009-21. [PMID: 22838949 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.12.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of gemcitabine pathway SNPs with detailed pharmacokinetic measures obtained from solid tumor patients receiving gemcitabine-based therapy. MATERIALS & METHODS SNPs within nine gemcitabine pathway genes, namely CDA, CMPK, DCK, DCTD, NT5C2, NT5C3, SLC28A1, SLC28A3 and SLC29A1 were analyzed for association with gemcitabine pharmacokinetics. RESULTS Significant association of gemcitabine clearance with SNPs in NT5C2 was identified. Clearance of 2´,2´-difluorodeoxyuridine, a gemcitabine metabolite was significantly predicted by CDA, SLC29A1 and NT5C2 SNPs. This study reports an association of formation clearance of 2´,2´-difluoro-2´-deoxycytidine triphosphate, an active form of gemcitabine with SNPs within uptake transporters SLC28A1, SLC28A3 and SLC29A1. CONCLUSION Genetic variation in gemcitabine pathway genes is associated with its pharmacokinetics and hence could influence gemcitabine response. Our study identified pharmacogenetic markers that could be further tested in larger patient cohorts and could open up opportunities to individualize therapy in solid tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Mitra
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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13
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Gao Z, Han B, Shen J, Gu A, Zhong H. [Relations between RRM1 protein expression levels and effects of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2011; 14:340-4. [PMID: 21496433 PMCID: PMC5999711 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.04.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE It has been proven that ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) expression level was closely related to gemcitabine drug-resistance to tumor cells. The aim of this study is to explore the relations between RRM1 protein expression levels and effects of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS The expressions of RRM1 in 75 advanced NSCLC tissues were qualitatively detected by immunohistochemical methods. Seventy-five patients had received gemcitabine and cisplatin (GP) chemotherapy regimen. General characteristics of patients, response to treatment, efficacy evaluation and survival time were retrospectively investigated. Differences between the groups were statistically analysed by chi-square test. Survival differences were analysed by temporal inspection and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS RRM1 protein expression rate was 38.7%. RRM1 protein expression had no obvious relationship with gender, age, smoking status, and the clinical stages and histopathological types (P > 0.05). Response rate in RRM1 protein high expression groups (31.3%) was remarkably lower than that in low expression groups (41.3%), the difference was statistically significant (P=0.005). 1-year survival rate in RRM1 protein high expression groups (27.6%) was remarkably lower than that in low expression group (58.7%), the difference was statistically significant (P=0.009). No significant different of median survival was observed between RMM1 protein high expression group and low expression group (P >0.245). Time to progression in RRM1 protein high expression groups (3.10 months) was remarkably lower than that in low expression group (5.11 months), the difference was statistically significant (P=0.042). CONCLUSIONS RRM1 protein expression levels are closely related to effects of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy and prognosis of advanced NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Pulmonary Medcine, Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Chen Y, Qian X, Liu B. [Advances of drug resistance marker of gemcitabine for non-small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2011; 14:421-8. [PMID: 21569648 PMCID: PMC6000321 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.05.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
随着药物基因组学、药物遗传学的发展,基因指导下个体化治疗成为提高非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)化疗疗效的有效途径之一。确定药物的相关预测性分子标志物从而指导临床治疗、提高疗效被广泛关注。吉西他滨是目前NSCLC常用化疗药物之一,本文主要阐述了近年来吉西他滨药物耐药相关基因在NSCLC个体化治疗方面的研究进展。
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Cancer Center, Drum Tower Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
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15
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Rudin D, Li L, Niu N, Kalari KR, Gilbert JA, Ames MM, Wang L. Gemcitabine Cytotoxicity: Interaction of Efflux and Deamination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 2:1-10. [PMID: 21804948 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gemcitabine is a cytidine analogue used in the treatment of various solid tumors. Little is known about how gemcitabine and its metabolites are transported out of cells. We set out to study the efflux of gemcitabine and the possible consequences of that process in cancer cells. We observed the efflux of gemcitabine and its deaminated metabolite, 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine (dFdU) using high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after gemcitabine treatment. Non-selective ABCC-transport inhibition with probenecid significantly increased intracellular dFdU concentrations, with a similar trend observed with verapamil, a non-selective ABCB1 and ABCG2 transport inhibitor. Neither probenecid nor verapamil altered intracellular gemcitabine levels after the inhibition of deamination with tetrahydrourudine, suggesting that efflux of dFdU, but not gemcitabine, was mediated by ABC transporters. MTS assays showed that probenecid increased sensitivity to gemcitabine. While dFdU displayed little cytotoxicity, intracellular dFdU accumulation inhibited cytidine deaminase, resulting in increased gemcitabine levels and enhanced cytotoxicity. Knockdown of ABCC3, ABCC5 or ABCC10 individually did not significantly increase gemcitabine sensitivity, suggesting the involvement of multiple transporters. In summary, ABCC-mediated efflux may contribute to gemcitabine resistance through increased dFdU efflux that allows for the continuation of gemcitabine deamination. Reversing efflux-mediated gemcitabine resistance may require broad-based efflux inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Rudin
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
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16
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Allingham-Hawkins D, Lea A, Levine S. ERCC1 Expression Analysis to Guide Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. PLOS CURRENTS 2010; 2:RRN1202. [PMID: 21152077 PMCID: PMC2998231 DOI: 10.1371/currents.rrn1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, lung cancer accounts for approximately 1 million deaths each year, making it the most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases and is often associated with a relatively poor prognosis. The majority of NSCLC patients present with advanced disease and have an average 5-year survival rate of 5%. Currently, the standard of care for NSCLC includes treatment with a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. However, not all patients benefit equally from such treatment. Therefore, recent pharmacogenomic studies have been performed in order to identify specific biomarkers that may allow for patient-tailored treatment strategies. One such biomarker is expression of the excision repair cross-complementation group 1 protein, ERCC1.
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17
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Histopathologic and genetic alterations as predictors of response to treatment and survival in lung cancer: A review of published data. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2010; 75:94-109. [PMID: 19914087 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Revised: 09/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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18
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Expression of gemcitabine- and cisplatin-related genes in non-small-cell lung cancer. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2009; 10:180-90. [PMID: 19901957 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2009.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Van Veldhuizen PJ, Hussey M, Lara PN, Mack PC, Gandour-Edwards R, Clark JI, Lange MK, Crawford DE. A phase ii study of gemcitabine and capecitabine in patients with advanced renal cell cancer: Southwest Oncology Group Study S0312. Am J Clin Oncol 2009; 32:453-9. [PMID: 19487915 PMCID: PMC3394591 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0b013e3181925176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gemcitabine plus capecitabine has moderate efficacy in patients with advanced renal cell cancer (RCC) but has considerable toxicity. We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of a modified dose-schedule of this doublet in patients with metastatic RCC. METHODS Chemotherapy-naive patients were treated with gemcitabine at 900 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 and with capecitabine at 625 mg/m2 twice daily on days 1 through 21, and every 28 days thereafter. The primary end point was response rate (RR). No further evaluation of this regimen would be pursued if the RR was ≤ 5%. In an exploratory analysis, we also evaluated potential markers of prognosis and treatment response, including thymidylate synthase, PTEN, pAKT, pmTOR, XRCC1, and ERCC1. RESULTS Of 43 patients, 1 was ineligible and 2 were not analyzable. There was 1 complete response and 3 partial responses, for an overall RR of 10% (95% CI = 3, 24). Nineteen patients (48%) had stable disease. The 6-month freedom-from-treatment-failure and overall survival rates were 20% (95% CI = 8, 32) and 75% (95% CI = 62, 88), respectively. Median survival time was 23 months (95% CI = 10, 37). One patient each experienced grade 4 neutropenia, fatigue, thrombocytopenia, and hemolysis with renal failure. The most common grade 3 toxicities were neutropenia (12 patients), fatigue (5), and leucopenia (4). Patients with a best response of stable disease or better were more likely to have decreased expression of PTEN and increased expression of pmTOR. CONCLUSIONS Gemcitabine plus capecitabine at this reduced dose-schedule benefits a small percentage of patients with RCC with an acceptable toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Van Veldhuizen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Glaysher S, Yiannakis D, Gabriel FG, Johnson P, Polak ME, Knight LA, Goldthorpe Z, Peregrin K, Gyi M, Modi P, Rahamim J, Smith ME, Amer K, Addis B, Poole M, Narayanan A, Gulliford TJ, Andreotti PE, Cree IA. Resistance gene expression determines the in vitro chemosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). BMC Cancer 2009; 9:300. [PMID: 19712441 PMCID: PMC2739227 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background NSCLC exhibits considerable heterogeneity in its sensitivity to chemotherapy and similar heterogeneity is noted in vitro in a variety of model systems. This study has tested the hypothesis that the molecular basis of the observed in vitro chemosensitivity of NSCLC lies within the known resistance mechanisms inherent to these patients' tumors. Methods The chemosensitivity of a series of 49 NSCLC tumors was assessed using the ATP-based tumor chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA) and compared with quantitative expression of resistance genes measured by RT-PCR in a Taqman Array™ following extraction of RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. Results There was considerable heterogeneity between tumors within the ATP-TCA, and while this showed no direct correlation with individual gene expression, there was strong correlation of multi-gene signatures for many of the single agents and combinations tested. For instance, docetaxel activity showed some dependence on the expression of drug pumps, while cisplatin activity showed some dependence on DNA repair enzyme expression. Activity of both drugs was influenced more strongly still by the expression of anti- and pro-apoptotic genes by the tumor for both docetaxel and cisplatin. The doublet combinations of cisplatin with gemcitabine and cisplatin with docetaxel showed gene expression signatures incorporating resistance mechanisms for both agents. Conclusion Genes predicted to be involved in known mechanisms drug sensitivity and resistance correlate well with in vitro chemosensitivity and may allow the definition of predictive signatures to guide individualized chemotherapy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Glaysher
- Translational Oncology Research Centre, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, UK.
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Danesi R, Altavilla G, Giovannetti E, Rosell R. Pharmacogenomics of gemcitabine in non-small-cell lung cancer and other solid tumors. Pharmacogenomics 2009; 10:69-80. [PMID: 19102717 DOI: 10.2217/14622416.10.1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The validation of predictive biomarkers to tailor chemotherapy is a key issue in the development of effective treatment modalities against cancer. Examples of how genetics might affect drug response are offered by gemcitabine. A substantial number of potential biomarkers for sensitivity or resistance to gemcitabine have been proposed, including ribonucleotide reductase and cytidine deaminase polymorphisms, human equilibrative transporter-1 and ribonucleotide reductase gene-expression and AKT phosphorylation status. These markers displayed a significant relationship with disease response to the drug; however, their robustness needs to be evaluated within prospective studies. Moreover, recent trials of customized chemotherapy based on genetic markers have been carried out in non-small-cell lung cancer and promising pharmacogenetic determinants are gaining momentum, including BRCA1 and ERCC1. Hopefully, biomarkers to select patients most likely to respond to gemcitabine will be validated in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romano Danesi
- Division of Pharmacology & Chemotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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22
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Funel N, Giovannetti E, Del Chiaro M, Mey V, Pollina LE, Nannizzi S, Boggi U, Ricciardi S, Del Tacca M, Bevilacqua G, Mosca F, Danesi R, Campani D. Laser microdissection and primary cell cultures improve pharmacogenetic analysis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2008; 88:773-84. [PMID: 18490900 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2008.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A key focus of research on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is identifying new techniques to tailor gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil treatments. Availability of tumor tissue is critical for the accurate assessment of gene expression, and laser microdissection (LMD) and primary cell cultures may be useful tools to separate tumor cells from the stromal reaction. The aim of this study was (1) to address the genetic profile relevant to drug activity and (2) to evaluate differences between microdissected and non-microdissected tumors, normal tissues, and primary cell cultures. Quantitative PCR of seven key genes was performed on mRNA from 113 microdissected and 28 non-microdissected tumors, a pool of normal tissues and four established primary cell lines. Protein expression was evaluated by western blot and immunocytochemistry and cytotoxicity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide. LMD allowed the analysis of 110 samples and revealed significant differences in mRNA levels between microdissected tumors and normal tissues, as well as between non-microdissected and microdissected tumors from the same patients. In contrast, primary cell lines showed similar expression profiles with respect to their respective microdissected tumors. In particular, expression levels of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 and thymydilate synthase were significantly related to gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity. We conclude that LMD is a reliable technique for mRNA extraction, and allows detection of significant differences in the expression of specific target genes when compared to non-microdissected specimens and normal tissues. Moreover, expression levels in microdissected tumors are similar to those observed in primary tumor cell cultures, both at mRNA and protein level, and are related to drug chemosensitivity. The use of these ex vivo techniques for molecular analysis of tumors therefore appears to be of some value in implementing the clinical management of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccola Funel
- Department of Oncology, Transplants and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Division of Surgical Pathology, Molecular and Ultrastructural Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Mountzios G, Dimopoulos MA, Papadimitriou C. Excision Repair Cross-Complementation Group 1 Enzyme as a Molecular Determinant of Responsiveness to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for non Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Biomark Insights 2008; 3:219-226. [PMID: 19578506 PMCID: PMC2688360 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although platinum-based chemotherapy remains the “standard” in advanced non small-cell lung cancer, not all patients derive clinical benefit from such a treatment. Hence, the development of predictive biomarkers able to identify lung cancer patients who are most likely to benefit from cisplatin-based chemotherapy has become a scientific priority. Among the molecular pathways involved in DNA damage control after chemotherapy, the nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a critical process for the repair of DNA damage caused by cisplatin-induced DNA adducts. Many reports have explored the role of the excision repair cross-complementation group 1 enzyme (ERCC1) expression in the repair mechanism of cisplatin-induced DNA adducts in cancer cells. Using immunohistochemistry in resected tumors from patients included in the International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial, the study of important biomarkers showed that high ERCC1 protein expression was associated with improved survival in chemo-naïve patients. On the contrary, the benefit of adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy was more profound in patients with low ERCC1 expression. In a prospective cohort studying mRNA expression in tumor biopsies from patients receiving customized therapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine depending on the molecular profile of the tumour, results showed that patients with low ERCC1 mRNA expression had a longer median survival compared to those with high expression. These data suggest the potent use of ERCC1 as a molecular predictor of clinical resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting of NSCLC. Nevertheless, optimization of methodology, including standardization of technical procedures, as well as validation of ERCC1 protein expression in large prospective cohorts, seem necessary before any routine immunohistochemical validation of ERCC1 can be implemented in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giannis Mountzios
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, University Hospital Alexandra, Athens, Greece
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Fujii T, Toyooka S, Ichimura K, Fujiwara Y, Hotta K, Soh J, Suehisa H, Kobayashi N, Aoe M, Yoshino T, Kiura K, Date H. ERCC1 protein expression predicts the response of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2008; 59:377-84. [PMID: 17905465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2007.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2007] [Revised: 08/13/2007] [Accepted: 08/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) and BRCA1 have been identified as predictors of clinical outcomes among patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. In this study, we immunohistochemically examined the ERCC1 and BRCA1 protein expression levels in 35 patients with metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes obtained prior to treatment as retrospective study. These patients had been enrolled in our studies on neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and irinotecan (15 patients) or chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin and docetaxel plus concurrent thoracic radiation (20 patients). The relations between the ERCC1 or BRCA1 protein expression and the clinical outcomes of the patients were then examined. The rates of radiological response and pathological effectiveness were significantly higher among patients with ERCC1-negative tumors, compared with those with positive tumors in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (radiological response rates; 100% vs. 42.8%, P=0.013; pathological effectiveness; 100% vs. 47.1%, P=0.038), but no associations were observed in the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group. Regarding survival, no significant differences in overall survival or disease-free survival were observed between patients with ERCC1-negative and positive tumors in both the neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy groups. In summary, we showed that a ERCC1-negative protein status was significantly related to tumor responsiveness to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and irinotecan, but such a status was not a clear prognostic predictor to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant therapy in NSCLC patients. Further study is needed to clarify the value of molecular predictors for customizing therapy for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Fujii
- Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Olaussen KA, Mountzios G, Soria JC. ERCC1 as a risk stratifier in platinum-based chemotherapy for nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2007; 13:284-9. [PMID: 17534174 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0b013e32816b5c63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cisplatin-based chemotherapy remains the treatment of choice in advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer. The development of predictive biomarkers able to identify lung-cancer patients who are most likely to benefit from cisplatin-based chemotherapy would be a powerful tool. Many reports have explored the role of ERCC1 expression in the repair mechanism of cisplatin-induced DNA adducts in cancer cells. RECENT FINDINGS Using immunohistochemistry in resected tumors, the International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial showed that high ERCC1 protein expression was associated with improved survival in patients who did not receive chemotherapy. In contrast, the benefit of adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy was more profound in patients with low ERCC1 expression. Other investigators studying mRNA expression in tumor biopsies from patients treated with cisplatin and gemcitabine showed that patients with low ERCC1 mRNA expression have a longer median survival compared to those with high expression. SUMMARY High ERCC1 expression is predictive of resistance to platinum-based therapy. Thus, there is solid evidence to support ERCC1 as a useful marker of clinical resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting of nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Meanwhile, optimization of methodology and standardization of technical procedures seem necessary before larger prospective studies can address the same question.
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