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Li S, Zheng Z, Wang B. Machine learning survival prediction using tumor lipid metabolism genes for osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12934. [PMID: 38839983 PMCID: PMC11153634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor that commonly affects children and adolescents, with a poor prognosis. The existence of tumor heterogeneity leads to different molecular subtypes and survival outcomes. Recently, lipid metabolism has been identified as a critical characteristic of cancer. Therefore, our study aims to identify osteosarcoma's lipid metabolism molecular subtype and develop a signature for survival outcome prediction. Four multicenter cohorts-TARGET-OS, GSE21257, GSE39058, and GSE16091-were amalgamated into a unified Meta-Cohort. Through consensus clustering, novel molecular subtypes within Meta-Cohort patients were delineated. Subsequent feature selection processes, encompassing analyses of differentially expressed genes between subtypes, univariate Cox analysis, and StepAIC, were employed to pinpoint biomarkers related to lipid metabolism in TARGET-OS. We selected the most effective algorithm for constructing a Lipid Metabolism-Related Signature (LMRS) by utilizing four machine-learning algorithms reconfigured into ten unique combinations. This selection was based on achieving the highest concordance index (C-index) in the test cohort of GSE21257, GSE39058, and GSE16091. We identified two distinct lipid metabolism molecular subtypes in osteosarcoma patients, C1 and C2, with significantly different survival rates. C1 is characterized by increased cholesterol, fatty acid synthesis, and ketone metabolism. In contrast, C2 focuses on steroid hormone biosynthesis, arachidonic acid, and glycerolipid and linoleic acid metabolism. Feature selection in the TARGET-OS identified 12 lipid metabolism genes, leading to a model predicting osteosarcoma patient survival. The LMRS, based on the 12 identified genes, consistently accurately predicted prognosis across TARGET-OS, testing cohorts, and Meta-Cohort. Incorporating 12 published signatures, LMRS showed robust and significantly superior predictive capability. Our results offer a promising tool to enhance the clinical management of osteosarcoma, potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Middle Road 139, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Middle Road 139, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Middle Road 139, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Karda IWAM, Wan Ismail WF, Kamal AF. Massage manipulation and progression of osteosarcoma, does it really correlate: a combination of prospective and retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18541. [PMID: 37899365 PMCID: PMC10613611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In Indonesia, the challenge of osteosarcoma progression is further worsened by patients' dependence on traditional massage therapy, low socio-economy, and educational status. This study aims to analyze the differences in the characteristics, laboratory findings, surgery techniques, degree of histopathological necrosis, and metastasis between osteosarcoma patients with and without prior massage manipulation therapy. This research is an analytical observational study with a prospective and retrospective cohort design. Patients were treated and followed for one year to evaluate the occurrence of metastasis. Prospective data was collected through interviews, and secondary data was collected from the patient's medical record. Of 84 subjects analyzed, 69% had a history of massage. There was an increase in LDH and ALP in patients with massage manipulation (p = 0.026). The median time to metastasis from baseline in the massage group (4 months) was statistically significant compared to the non-manipulation group (12 months) (p < 0.0001). This research found that massage therapy significantly increases LDH and ALP levels, making amputations more likely to be performed and a higher risk of metastasis that lowered the survival rate. The onset of metastasis was three times faster in patients with prior massage therapy. Therefore, we strongly recommend against massage manipulation therapy in osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Wayan Arya Mahendra Karda
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Central General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Pangeran Diponegoro Street Number 71, Central Jakarta, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Wan Faisham Wan Ismail
- Department of Orthopaedics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Achmad Fauzi Kamal
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Central General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Pangeran Diponegoro Street Number 71, Central Jakarta, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
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Sirikul W, Buawangpong N, Pruksakorn D, Charoentum C, Teeyakasem P, Koonrungsesomboon N. The Survival Outcomes, Prognostic Factors and Adverse Events following Systemic Chemotherapy Treatment in Bone Sarcomas: A Retrospective Observational Study from the Experience of the Cancer Referral Center in Northern Thailand. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071979. [PMID: 37046640 PMCID: PMC10092999 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess survival outcomes, prognostic factors, and adverse events following chemotherapy treatment for osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma. This retrospective observational study was conducted to collect the data of the patients with osteosarcoma or Ewing’s sarcoma who received chemotherapy treatment between 2008 and 2019. The flexible parametric survival model was performed to explore the adjusted survival probability and the prognostic factors. A total of 102 patients (79 with osteosarcoma and 23 with Ewing’s sarcoma) were included. The estimated 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS) probabilities in patients with resectable disease were 60.9% and 63.3% for osteosarcoma, and 54.4% and 88.3% for Ewing’s sarcoma, respectively, whereas the 5-year DFS and 5-year OS for those with unresectable/metastatic disease remained below 25%. Two prognostic factors for osteosarcoma included a response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and female gender. Ewing’s sarcoma patients aged 25 years and older were significantly associated with poorer survival outcomes. Of 181 chemotherapy treatment cycles, common self-reported adverse symptoms included tumor pain (n = 32, 17.7%), fever (n = 21, 11.6%), and fatigue (n = 16, 8.8%), while common grade III adverse events included febrile neutropenia (n = 13, 7.3%) and neutropenia (n = 9, 5.1%). There was no chemotherapy-related mortality (grade V) or anaphylaxis events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wachiranun Sirikul
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nida Buawangpong
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Department of Orthopedic, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chaiyut Charoentum
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pimpisa Teeyakasem
- Department of Orthopedic, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nut Koonrungsesomboon
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-5393-5353
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Cai Z, Xu J, Sun X, Zhang R, Xie L, Wang J, Tang X, Yang R, Guo W. How to confront the high prevalence of pulmonary micro nodules (PMNs) in osteosarcoma patients? INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2022; 46:2425-2436. [PMID: 35941258 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-022-05534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pulmonary metastasis was a negative factor of osteosarcoma prognosis. However, there is no universal criteria to confirm pulmonary metastasis at pulmonary micro nodule (PMN, Dmax ≤ 5 mm) stage other than pathology. We aimed to identify prevalence of PMNs, determine prognosis of osteosarcoma with PMNs, and analyze risk factors related to PMN progression. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 425 consecutive osteosarcoma patients. According to dynamic change in size and number of PMNs, patients were divided into PMN progression and non-progression group. Demographic data, initial laboratory data, radiological features, and oncological evaluations were analyzed. Cox regression was used to identify risk factors for PMN progression. Overall survival rate was measured and analyzed with Kaplan-Meier method. Differences with p < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS PMNs were found in 74% (315/425) osteosarcoma patients, half of whom (157/315) suffering PMN progression. Overall survival rate was 70.2%, while survival rates for PMN progression group and non-progression group were 53.40% and 87.40%, respectively. Clinical risk factors for PMN progression in certain patients included blood vessel invasion, extrapulmonary metastases, low tumour cell necrosis rate, and large tumour size. Radiologic risk factors included greatest diameter, distance to pleura, CT value, solid components, and smooth border. CONCLUSION PMN is quite common in osteosarcoma patients. PMN progression is related to both certain clinical and radiological factors, which could assist surgeons to determine its possibility to progress at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Cai
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ranxin Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jichuan Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Rongli Yang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
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He X, Lu M, Hu X, Li L, Zou C, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Min L, Tu C. Osteosarcoma immune prognostic index can indicate the nature of indeterminate pulmonary nodules and predict the metachronous metastasis in osteosarcoma patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:952228. [PMID: 35936683 PMCID: PMC9354693 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.952228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The relationship between indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) and metastasis is difficult to determine. We expect to explore a predictive model that can assist in indicating the nature of IPNs, as well as predicting the probability of metachronous metastasis in osteosarcoma patients. Patients and methods We conducted a retrospective study including 184 osteosarcoma patients at West China Hospital from January 2016 to January 2021. Hematological markers and clinical features of osteosarcoma patients were collected and analyzed. Results In this study, we constructed an osteosarcoma immune prognostic index (OIPI) based on the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI). Compared to other hematological markers and clinical features, OIPI had a better ability to predict metastasis. OIPI divided 184 patients into four groups, with the no-OIPI group (34 patients), the light-OIPI group (35 patients), the moderate-OIPI group (75 patients), and the severe-OIPI group (40 patients) (P < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis showed that the OIPI could have a stable predictive effect in both the no-nodule group and the IPN group. Spearman’s rank correlation test and Kruskal–Wallis test demonstrated that the OIPI was related to metastatic site and metastatic time, respectively. In addition, patients with IPNs in high-OIPI (moderate and severe) groups were more likely to develop metastasis than those in low-OIPI (none and light) groups. Furthermore, the combination of OIPI with IPNs can more accurately identify patients with metastasis, in which the high-OIPI group had a higher metastasis rate, and the severe-OIPI group tended to develop metastasis earlier than the no-OIPI group. Finally, we constructed an OIPI-based nomogram to predict 3- and 5-year metastasis rates. This nomogram could bring net benefits for more patients according to the decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve. Conclusion This study is the first to assist chest CT in diagnosing the nature of IPNs in osteosarcoma based on hematological markers. Our findings suggested that the OIPI was superior to other hematological markers and that OIPI can act as an auxiliary tool to determine the malignant transformation tendency of IPNs. The combination of OIPI with IPNs can further improve the metastatic predictive ability in osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Min
- *Correspondence: Li Min, ; Chongqi Tu,
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Dai W, Liu H. MicroRNA-886 suppresses osteosarcoma cell proliferation and its maturation is suppressed by long non-coding RNA OXCT1-AS1. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5769-5778. [PMID: 35191809 PMCID: PMC8973740 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2031669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the roles of microRNA-886 (miR-886) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) OXCT1-AS1 in osteosarcoma (OS). We predicted that they might interact with each other. The expression of OXCT1-AS1 and miR-886 (mature and premature) in osteosarcoma and paired non-tumor tissues from 66 OS patients was negatively correlated. Overexpression and silencing assays showed that OXCT1-AS1 suppresses miR-886 maturation. RNA-RNA pulldown and subcellular fractionation assays demonstrated the direct interaction between OXCT1-AS1 and miR-886. BrdU proliferation assays revealed that OXCT1-AS1 promoted OS cell proliferation, and miR-886 reduced the enhancing effects of OXCT1-AS1 on OS cell proliferation. Western blot showed that OXCT1-AS1 had no effects on the levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarkers. Overall, OXCT1-AS1 suppresses miR-886 maturation to promote OS cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Dai
- Joint Surgery Department, First People's Hospital of Shangqiu City, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, China
| | - Han Liu
- General Medicine Department, First People's Hospital of Shangqiu City, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, China
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Bai Z, Wang X, Zhang Z. Long Noncoding RNA LIFR-AS1: A New Player in Human Cancers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1590815. [PMID: 35071590 PMCID: PMC8776453 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1590815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has indicated that aberrantly expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in various biological processes associated with tumorigenesis. Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor antisense RNA1 (LIFR-AS1) is a recently identified lncRNA transcribed in an antisense manner from the LIFR gene located on human chromosome 5p13.1. LIFR-AS1 regulates tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and drug resistance through different mechanisms. Its expression level is related to the clinicopathological characteristics of tumors and plays a key role in tumor occurrence and development. In this review, we summarize the role of LIFR-AS1 in the development and progression of different cancers and highlight the potential for LIFR-AS1 to serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for a variety of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqun Bai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
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Zhang L, Yang ST, Wang C, Zhang LC, Zhang X, Li FC, Wang SY, Ma K. Circle RNA circCSPP1 promotes human osteosarcoma cell proliferation and increases glucose metabolism by suppressing miR-200c maturation. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221097364. [PMID: 35713481 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221097364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MiR-200c plays a central role in glucose metabolism in cancer cells. However, its upstream regulators in this process are unknown. CircRNA CSPP1 (circCSPP1) was predicted to bind to premature miR-200c, an oncogenic miRNA. Therefore, we explored their interaction in osteosarcoma (OS). METHODS Differential circCSPP1 and miR-200c expression in OS was analyzed using RT-qPCR. Glucose metabolism was analyzed by glucose uptake assay. Subcellular circCSPP1 location in OS cells was detected using cellular fractionation assay. The direct interaction between circCSPP1 and miR-200c was explored using RNA-RNA pull-down assay. The role of circCSPP1 in miR-200c maturation was investigated by analyzing both mature and premature miR-200c levels in OS cells with circCSPP1 overexpression. RESULTS CircCSPP1 and premature miR-200c levels were increased while mature miR-200c level was decreased in OS. CircCSPP1 was detected in both the nuclear and cytoplasm fractions of OS cells. CircCSPP1 directly interacted with premature miR-200c. CircCSPP1 overexpression increased premature miR-200c level, glucose uptake, and cell proliferation, but decreased mature miR-200c level. MiR-200c overexpression suppressed the role of circCSPP1 in OS cells. CONCLUSIONS CircCSPP1 promotes OS cell proliferation and increases glucose metabolism by suppressing miR-200c maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Experiment Center of Basic Medical Sciences of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, P. R. China
| | - S T Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, P. R. China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, P. R. China
| | - L C Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, P. R. China
| | - X Zhang
- Experiment Center of Basic Medical Sciences of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, P. R. China
| | - F C Li
- Department of Orthopedics, 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, P. R. China
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, P. R. China
| | - K Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, 36657The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, P. R. China
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He J, Zhang W, Zhou X, Yan W, Wang Z. Aloin induced apoptosis by enhancing autophagic flux through the PI3K/AKT axis in osteosarcoma. Chin Med 2021; 16:123. [PMID: 34819120 PMCID: PMC8611986 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor of bone and soft tissue in adolescents. Due to its tumor biological behavior pattern, osteosarcoma usually generates poor prognosis. Autophagy is an important self-defense mechanism in osteosarcoma. Methods Cell viability in IC50 testing and reverse assays was examined by the MTT assay. Cell apoptosis conditions were examined by flow cytometry, Hoechst 33,342 staining and apoptosis-related protein immunoblotting. Autophagy conditions were tested by autophagy-related protein immunoblotting, transmission electron microscopic observation and dual fluorescence autophagy flux detection. The possible targets of aloin were screened out by network pharmacology and bioinformatic methods. Osteosarcoma xenografts in nude BALB/c mice were the model for in vivo research on tumor suppression, autophagy induction, pathway signaling and toxicity tests. In vivo bioluminescence imaging systems, immunohistochemical assays, and gross tumor volume comparisons were applied as the main research methods in vivo. Results Aloin induced osteosarcoma apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Its possible effects on the PI3K/AKT pathway were screened out by network pharmacology methods. Aloin increased autophagic flux in osteosarcoma by downregulating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Aloin promoted autophagic flux in the osteosarcoma cell lines HOS and MG63 in a dose-dependent manner by promoting autophagosome formation. Chloroquine reversed the apoptosis-promoting and autophagy-enhancing effects of aloin. Autophagy induced by starvation and rapamycin significantly enhanced the autophagic flux and apoptosis induced by aloin, which verified the role of the PI3K/AKT axis in the pharmacological action of aloin. Therapeutic effects, autophagy enhancement and regulatory effects on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway were demonstrated in a nude mouse xenogeneic osteosarcoma transplantation model. Conclusions Aloin inhibited the proliferation of osteosarcoma by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, increasing autophagic flux and promoting the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-021-00520-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Mikulčić M, Tabrizi-Wizsy NG, Bernhart EM, Asslaber M, Trummer C, Windischhofer W, Sattler W, Malle E, Hrzenjak A. 15d-PGJ 2 Promotes ROS-Dependent Activation of MAPK-Induced Early Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Cell In Vitro and in an Ex Ovo CAM Assay. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111760. [PMID: 34769194 PMCID: PMC8583949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of bone tumor, and has limited therapy options. 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) has striking anti-tumor effects in various tumors. Here, we investigated molecular mechanisms that mediate anti-tumor effects of 15d-PGJ2 in different OS cell lines. Human U2-OS and Saos-2 cells were treated with 15d-PGJ2 and cell survival was measured by MTT assay. Cell proliferation and motility were investigated by scratch assay, the tumorigenic capacity by colony forming assay. Intracellular ROS was estimated by H2DCFDA. Activation of MAPKs and cytoprotective proteins was detected by immunoblotting. Apoptosis was detected by immunoblotting and Annexin V/PI staining. The ex ovo CAM model was used to study growth capability of grafted 15d-PGJ2-treated OS cells, followed by immunohistochemistry with hematoxylin/eosin and Ki-67. 15d-PGJ2 substantially decreased cell viability, colony formation and wound closure capability of OS cells. Non-malignant human osteoblast was less affected by 15d-PGJ2. 15d-PGJ2 induced rapid intracellular ROS production and time-dependent activation of MAPKs (pERK1/2, pJNK and pp38). Tempol efficiently inhibited 15d-PGJ2-induced ERK1/2 activation, while N-acetylcystein and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate were less effective. Early but weak activation of cytoprotective proteins was overrun by induction of apoptosis. A structural analogue, 9,10-dihydro-15d-PGJ2, did not show toxic effects in OS cells. In the CAM model, we grafted OS tumors with U2-OS, Saos-2 and MG-63 cells. 15d-PGJ2 treatment resulted in significant growth inhibition, diminished tumor tissue density, and reduced tumor cell proliferation for all cell lines. Our in vitro and CAM data suggest 15d-PGJ2 as a promising natural compound to interfere with OS tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Mikulčić
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Nassim Ghaffari Tabrizi-Wizsy
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Eva M. Bernhart
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.B.); (C.T.); (W.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Martin Asslaber
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Christopher Trummer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.B.); (C.T.); (W.S.); (E.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Werner Windischhofer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Wolfgang Sattler
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.B.); (C.T.); (W.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Ernst Malle
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.B.); (C.T.); (W.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Andelko Hrzenjak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-73860
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Kim M, Hwang HS, Cho H, Yoon DH, Suh C, Park CS, Go H, Huh J. Upward trend in follicular lymphoma among the Korean population: 10-year experience at a large tertiary institution. J Pathol Transl Med 2021; 55:330-337. [PMID: 34465079 PMCID: PMC8476319 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2021.07.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in Western countries. However, it is relatively rare in Asia. This study examined epidemiologic characteristics of FL in South Korea, with an emphasis on recent trends of increase in cases. Methods We retrospectively examined 239 cases of newly diagnosed FL at a large tertiary institution in Korea (Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea) between 2008 and 2017. Age-adjusted incidence rates and clinicopathological variables were analyzed, and joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify the changes. Results The age-adjusted incidence of FL significantly increased during the study period (p = .034), and the ratio of (relative incidence) patients with FL to patients with NHL increased from 4.28% to 9.35% in the same period. Over the 10-year study assessment duration, the proportion of patients with stage III/IV FL (p = .035) and expression of BCL2 (p = .022) or BCL6 (p = .039) significantly increased. From 2013–2017, the proportion of patients with highrisk Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) score increased (21.5% to 28.7%), whereas that of low-risk FLIPI decreased (55.4% to 38.6%), although those results were not statistically significant (p = .066). Conclusions We found an increasing incidence of FL, with a disproportionate increase in the incidence of high-stage disease and recent changes in the clinicopathologic features of the Korean patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meejeong Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Sang Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Cho
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dok Hyun Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheolwon Suh
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heounjeong Go
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jooryung Huh
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Lu KH, Yang JS, Hsieh YH, Chu HJ, Chou CH, Lu EWH, Lin CW, Yang SF. Lipocalin-2 Inhibits Osteosarcoma Cell Metastasis by Suppressing MET Expression via the MEK-ERK Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133181. [PMID: 34202288 PMCID: PMC8268143 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Higher neutrophil-derived cytokine lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression possesses a versatile role in a myriad of cancers, but little is known about the role of LCN2 on osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that higher LCN2 inhibited cellular motility, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was decreased by LCN2 knockdown. Conclusively, LCN2 inhibits osteosarcoma cell metastasis by suppressing MET via the mitogen-activated protein kinases/ERK kinase (MEK)–ERK pathway. Abstract Higher neutrophil-derived cytokine lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression possesses a versatile role in a myriad of cancers, but little is known about the role of LCN2 on osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that higher LCN2 inhibited cellular motility, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, using RNA sequencing technology, we found that LCN2 repressed MET gene expression in U2OS cells. Manipulation of LCN2 levels influenced the migratory potential of osteosarcoma cells as cellular migration was enhanced by transfecting with vectors containing a constitutively active LCN2 cDNA and recombinant human LCN2. Moreover, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK) 1/2 and ERK 1/2 was decreased by LCN2 knockdown. Furthermore, the use of ERK inhibitor (U0126) and activator (tBHQ) confirmed that the pharmaceutic inhibition of MEK–ERK augmented the LCN2-mediated MET suppression and migration of U2OS and HOS cells. Conclusively, LCN2 inhibits osteosarcoma cell metastasis by suppressing MET via the MEK–ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ju Chu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | | | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.L.); (S.-F.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-24739595-34253 (S.-F.Y)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.L.); (S.-F.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-24739595-34253 (S.-F.Y)
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13
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Ji SF, Wen SL, Sun Y, Huang PW, Wu H, He ML. The biological function and clinical significance of STIL in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:218. [PMID: 33858425 PMCID: PMC8051131 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SCL/TAL1 interrupting locus (STIL) is associated with the progression of several tumors; however, the biological role of STIL in osteosarcoma remains poorly understood. Methods In this study, the clinical significance of STIL in osteosarcoma was analyzed by gene chip data recorded in public databases. STIL expression was silenced in osteosarcoma cell lines to observe the effects on proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the osteosarcoma chip were analyzed using The Limma package, and STIL co-expressed genes were obtained via the Pearson correlation coefficient. The potential molecular mechanism of STIL in osteosarcoma was further explored by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Results Osteosarcoma was associated with higher STIL expression compared to the control samples, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) was 1.52. STIL also had a good ability to distinguish osteosarcoma from non-osteosarcoma samples [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.96]. After silencing STIL, osteosarcoma cell proliferation decreased, apoptosis increased, and the migratory and invasion ability decreased. A total of 294 STIL differentially co-expressed genes were screened, and a bioinformatics analysis found that differentially co-expressed genes were primarily enriched in the cell signaling pathways. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network indicated that the hub differentially co-expressed genes of STIL were CDK1, CCNB2, CDC20, CCNA2, BUB1, and AURKB. Conclusions STIL is associated with osteosarcoma proliferation and invasion, and may be promote the progression of osteosarcoma by regulating the expression of CDK1, CCNB2, CDC20, CCNA2, BUB1 and AURKB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fan Ji
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Lian Wen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Pi-Wei Huang
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Lin He
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. .,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. .,Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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Yoshida S, Celaire J, Pace C, Taylor C, Kaneuchi Y, Evans S, Abudu A. Delay in diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma of bone in children: Have we improved in the last 15 years and what is the impact of delay on diagnosis? J Bone Oncol 2021; 28:100359. [PMID: 33898215 PMCID: PMC8056435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Examine: (1) If length of symptoms (LS) of children with osteosarcoma has improved in the last 15 years (2) Is delay in diagnosis related to the presence of metastases at presentation? (3) The impact of delay in diagnosis on prognosis. Methods 250 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of osteosarcoma of bone treated at a national bone tumor treatment center between 2004 and 2018 were studied retrospectively. Three groups comprising those diagnosed over a five-year period (Group 1: 2004-2008, Group 2: 2009-2013; Group 3: 2014-2018) were studied. Results There were 126 males and 124 females with a mean age 12.2 years. The median LS for all patients was eight weeks. The median LS for Group 3 was significantly shorter than that for other groups. Development of metastasis during follow-up period was significantly less in Group 3 compared to the other groups. Overall survival gradually improved over the whole study period. There was no difference in the proportion presenting with metastases at diagnosis between the three groups. The survival rates in patients with LS shorter than 4 weeks was better than those with LS longer than 4 weeks, irrespective of the study time period. Conclusions There has been an improvement in the LS in patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma over the last 15 years. The development of metastasis during follow-up has reduced and the overall survival in the last 15 years has improved. LS longer than 4 weeks is associated with a poorer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichirou Yoshida
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - James Celaire
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, Birmingham, UK
| | - Chloe Pace
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, Birmingham, UK
| | - Charles Taylor
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yoichi Kaneuchi
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan 1, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Scott Evans
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adesegun Abudu
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, Birmingham, UK
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15
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Meazza C, Luksch R, Luzzati A. Managing axial bone sarcomas in childhood. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2021; 21:747-764. [PMID: 33593222 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2021.1891886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Axial osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are rare, aggressive neoplasms with a worse prognosis than with tumors involving the extremities because they are more likely to be associated with larger tumor volumes, older age, primary metastases, and a poor histological response to chemotherapy. The 5-year OS rates are reportedly in the range of 18-41% for axial osteosarcoma, and 46-64% for Ewing sarcoma.Area covered: The treatment of axial bone tumors is the same as for extremity bone tumors, and includes chemotherapy, surgery and/or radiotherapy.Expert opinion: Local treatment of axial tumors is particularly difficult due to their proximity to neurological and vascular structures, which often makes extensive and en bloc resections impossible without causing significant morbidity. The incidence of local relapse is consequently high, and this is the main issue in the treatment of these tumors. Radiotherapy is an option in the case of surgical resections with close or positive margins, as well as for inoperable tumors. Delivering high doses of RT to the spinal cord can be dangerous. Given the complexity and rarity of these tumors, it is essential for this subset of patients to be treated at selected reference institutions with specific expertise and multidisciplinary skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Meazza
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Medical Oncology and Emathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Luksch
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Medical Oncology and Emathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Luzzati
- Orthopedic Oncology and Spinal Reconstruction Surgery, Orthopedic Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
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16
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Tsoi KM, Lowe M, Tsuda Y, Lex JR, Fujiwara T, Almeer G, Gregory J, Stevenson J, Evans SE, Botchu R, Jeys LM. How Are Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules at Diagnosis Associated with Survival in Patients with High-Grade Osteosarcoma? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2021; 479:298-308. [PMID: 32956141 PMCID: PMC7899536 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000001491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary metastases are a poor prognostic factor in patients with osteosarcoma; however, the clinical significance of subcentimeter lung nodules and whether they represent a tumor is not fully known. Because the clinician is faced with decisions regarding biopsy, resection, or observation of lung nodules and the potential impact they have on decisions about resection of the primary tumor, this remains an area of uncertainty in patient treatment. Surgical management of the primary tumor is tailored to prognosis, and it is unclear how aggressively patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs), defined as nodules smaller than 1 cm at presentation, should be treated. There is a clear need to better understand the clinical importance of these nodules. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES (1) What percentage of patients with high-grade osteosarcoma and spindle cell sarcoma of bone have IPNs at diagnosis? (2) Are IPNs at diagnosis associated with worse metastasis-free and overall survival? (3) Are there any clinical or radiologic factors associated with worse overall survival in patients with IPN? METHODS Between 2008 and 2016, 484 patients with a first presentation of osteosarcoma or spindle cell sarcoma of bone were retrospectively identified from an institutional database. Patients with the following were excluded: treatment at another institution (6%, 27 of 484), death related to complications of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (1%, 3 of 484), Grade 1 or 2 on final pathology (4%, 21 of 484) and lack of staging chest CT available for review (0.4%, 2 of 484). All patients with abnormalities on their staging chest CT underwent imaging re-review by a senior radiology consultant and were divided into three groups for comparison: no metastases (70%, 302 of 431), IPN (16%, 68 of 431), and metastases (14%, 61 of 431) at the time of diagnosis. A random subset of CT scans was reviewed by a senior radiology registrar and there was very good agreement between the two reviewers (κ = 0.88). Demographic and oncologic variables as well as treatment details and clinical course were gleaned from a longitudinally maintained institutional database. The three groups did not differ with regard to age, gender, subtype, presence of pathological fracture, tumor site, or chemotherapy-induced necrosis. They differed according to local control strategy and tumor size, with a larger proportion of patients in the metastases group presenting with larger tumor size and undergoing nonoperative treatment. There was no differential loss to follow-up among the three groups. Two percent (6 of 302) of patients with no metastases, no patients with IPN, and 2% (1 of 61) of patients with metastases were lost to follow-up at 1 year postdiagnosis but were not known to have died. Individual treatment decisions were determined as part of a multidisciplinary conference, but in general, patients without obvious metastases received (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection for local control. Patients in the no metastases and IPN groups did not differ in local control strategy. For patients in the IPN group, staging CT images were inspected for IPN characteristics including number, distribution, size, location, presence of mineralization, and shape. Subsequent chest CT images were examined by the same radiologist to reevaluate known nodules for interval change in size and to identify the presence of new nodules. A random subset of chest CT scans were re-reviewed by a senior radiology resident (κ = 0.62). The association of demographic and oncologic variables with metastasis-free and overall survival was first explored using the Kaplan-Meier method (log-rank test) in univariable analyses. All variables that were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in univariable analyses were entered into Cox regression multivariable analyses. RESULTS Following re-review of staging chest CTs, IPNs were found in 16% (68 of 431) of patients, while an additional 14% (61 of 431) of patients had lung metastases (parenchymal nodules 10 mm or larger). After controlling for potential confounding variables like local control strategy, tumor size, and chemotherapy-induced necrosis, we found that the presence of an IPN was associated with worse overall survival and a higher incidence of metastases (hazard ratio 1.9 [95% CI 1.3 to 2.8]; p = 0.001 and HR 3.6 [95% CI 2.5 to 5.2]; p < 0.001, respectively). Two-year overall survival for patients with no metastases, IPN, or metastases was 83% [95% CI 78 to 87], 65% [95% CI 52 to 75] and 45% [95% CI 32 to 57], respectively (p = 0.001). In 74% (50 of 68) of patients with IPNs, it became apparent that they were true metastatic lesions at a median of 5.3 months. Eighty-six percent (43 of 50) of these patients had disease progression by 2 years after diagnosis. In multivariable analysis, local control strategy and tumor subtype correlated with overall survival for patients with IPNs. Patients who were treated nonoperatively and who had a secondary sarcoma had worse outcomes (HR 3.6 [95% CI 1.5 to 8.3]; p = 0.003 and HR 3.4 [95% CI 1.1 to 10.0]; p = 0.03). The presence of nodule mineralization was associated with improved overall survival in the univariable analysis (87% [95% CI 39 to 98] versus 57% [95% CI 43 to 69]; p = 0.008), however, because we could not control for other factors in a multivariable analysis, the relationship between mineralization and survival could not be determined. We were unable to detect an association between any other nodule radiologic features and survival. CONCLUSION The findings show that the presence of IPNs at diagnosis is associated with poorer survival of affected patients compared with those with normal staging chest CTs. IPNs noted at presentation in patients with high-grade osteosarcoma and spindle cell sarcoma of bone should be discussed with the patient and be considered when making treatment decisions. Further work is required to elucidate how the nodules should be managed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, prognostic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Tsoi
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yusuke Tsuda
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Johnathan R Lex
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tomohiro Fujiwara
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ghassan Almeer
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jonathan Gregory
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jonathan Stevenson
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Scott E Evans
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rajesh Botchu
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lee M Jeys
- K. M. Tsoi, M. Lowe, Y. Tsuda, J. R. Lex, T. Fujiwara, J. Gregory, J. Stevenson, S. E. Evans, L. M. Jeys, Oncology Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- K. M. Tsoi, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- G. Almeer, R. Botchu, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- J. Stevenson, L. M. Jeys, Aston University Medical School, Birmingham, UK
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17
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Zhang P, Li J. Down-regulation of circular RNA hsa_circ_0007534 suppresses cell growth by regulating miR-219a-5p/SOX5 axis in osteosarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2021; 27:100349. [PMID: 33552887 PMCID: PMC7844569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between circ_0007534 and miR-219a-5p is confirmed for the first time. The interaction between miR-219a-5p and SOX5 is confirmed for the first time. Circ_0007534 knockdown inhibits the progression of osteosarcoma cells. Circ_0007534 regulates the growth of osteosarcoma cells through modulating miR-219a-5p/SOX5 axis.
Introduction Circular RNA circ_0007534 and microRNA-219a (miR-219a-5p) were reported to be involved in osteosarcoma (OS) development. Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant bone tumors, which was more prone to occur in the metaphysis of long bones, including distal femur and proximal tibia. However, the detailed mechanisms were not fully clear. The purpose of this research was to reveal the functional mechanisms of circ_0007534 and miR-219a-5p in OS. Methods The levels of genes were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot assay. Cell proliferation ability was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assay. Cell migration and invasion abilities were measured using the transwell assay. Furthermore, the interaction between miR-219a-5p and circ_0007534 or SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 5 (SOX5) was predicted by starbaseV3.0, and confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Besides, tumor xenograft experiment was performed to analyze the effect of circ_0007534 depletion on tumor growth in vivo. Results The levels of circ_0007534 and SOX5 were increased, while the miR-219a-5p level was decreased in OS tissues and cells. Circ_0007534 knockdown repressed the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in OS cells. Circ_0007534 targeted miR-219a-5p, and miR-219a-5p interacted with SOX5. Furthermore, circ_0007534 regulated the growth of OS cells through modulating the levels of miR-219a-5p and SOX5. Conclusion Our finding demonstrated that circ_0007534 knockdown suppressed the growth of OS cells via regulating miR-219a-5p/SOX5 axis, providing a potential target for OS treatment and diagnosis.
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Key Words
- ATCC, American Type Culture Collection
- CCK-8, cell counting kit-8
- Circ_0007534
- EMT, epithelial mesenchymal transformation
- EZH2, zeste homolog 2
- OS, osteosarcoma
- Osteosarcoma
- PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride
- RIP, RNA immunoprecipitation
- SD, standard deviation
- SOX5
- UTR, untranslated region
- hFOB1.19, human osteoblast cell line
- mRNA, message RNA
- miR-219a-5p
- qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
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New insights into antimetastatic signaling pathways of melatonin in skeletomuscular sarcoma of childhood and adolescence. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:303-320. [PMID: 32086631 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an indole produced by the pineal gland at night under normal light or dark conditions, and its levels, which are higher in children than in adults, begin to decrease prior to the onset of puberty and continue to decline thereafter. Apart from circadian regulatory actions, melatonin has significant apoptotic, angiogenic, oncostatic, and antiproliferative effects on various cancer cells. Particularly, the ability of melatonin to inhibit skeletomuscular sarcoma, which most commonly affects children, teenagers, and young adults, is substantial. In the past few decades, the vast majority of references have focused on the concept of epithelial-mesenchymal transition involvement in invasion and migration to allow carcinoma cells to dissociate from each other and to degrade the extracellular matrix. Recently, researchers have applied this idea to sarcoma cells of mesenchymal origin, e.g., osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, with their ability to initiate the invasion-metastasis cascade. Similarly, interest of the effects of melatonin has shifted from carcinomas to sarcomas. Herein, in this state-of-the-art review, we compiled the knowledge related to the molecular mechanism of antimetastatic actions of melatonin on skeletomuscular sarcoma as in childhood and during adolescence. Utilization of melatonin as an adjuvant with chemotherapeutic drugs for synergy and fortification of the antimetastatic effects for the reinforcement of therapeutic actions are considered.
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New insights into molecular and cellular mechanisms of zoledronate in human osteosarcoma. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 214:107611. [PMID: 32565177 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the skeleton in teenagers and young adults and continues to confer a generally poor prognosis in patients who do not respond to chemotherapy or who present with metastatic diseases at diagnosis. The nitrogen-containing zoledronate, the third generation bisphosphonate (BP), effectively inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and is widely utilized in the treatment of metabolic and metastatic bone diseases nowadays. Owing to an acceptable safety profile and tolerability, zoledronate is the only BP currently approved for the prevention and treatment of skeletal relevant events in patients with metastatic bone lesions, especially bone metastases from advanced renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer, and breast cancer, due to all solid malignancy. Moreover, zoledronate possesses diverse anti-osteosarcoma properties and may have potential to become an adjunctive treatment for high-grade osteosarcoma to enhance survival rates and to obliterate complications of the chemotherapy. Herein we highlighted the pharmacology of BPs and its underlying molecular mechanisms in osteoclasts and various cancer cells. We further provided the available literature on in vitro studies to illustrate the new insights into the intracellular molecular mechanisms of zoledronate in human osteosarcoma cell lines and in vivo animal models that led to the development and regulatory approval of zoledronate in patients with human osteosarcoma. This review also addresses clinical trials to focus on the efficacy of zoledronate on human osteosarcoma.
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20
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Leonardi L, Benassi MS, Pollino S, Locaputo C, Pazzaglia L. miR-106B-25 Cluster expression: a comparative human and canine osteosarcoma study. Vet Rec Open 2020; 7:e000379. [PMID: 32201579 PMCID: PMC7061892 DOI: 10.1136/vetreco-2019-000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in dogs and human beings, characterised by similar genetic and clinical features. With the aim to define similarities and differences in the biological aspects involved in OS progression, a comparative study was performed to create a model to improve patient outcome. Methods First, the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) belonging to the cluster miR-106b-25 (miR-106b, miR-25 and miR-93-5p) in human and canine OS tissue was compared. Results miR-25 and miR-106b presented a variable expression not significantly different from the corresponding normal bone, while miR-93-5p expression was increased in all OS specimens, with higher levels in the canine subset compared with human. Accordingly, its target p21 presented a weaker and less homogeneous immunostaining distribution in the canine group. Given the high expression of miR-93-5p in all OS specimens, the functional response of human 143B and canine DAN OS cells to miRNA inhibition was evaluated. Although p21 expression increased after miR-93-5p inhibition both at mRNA and protein level, a more significant cell response in terms of proliferation and apoptosis was seen in canine OS cells. Conclusions In conclusion, canine OS tissue and cell line presented higher expression levels of miR-93-5p than human OS. In addition, the introduction of miR-93-5p inhibitor caused a cell response in 143B and DAN that differed for the more intense functional impact in the canine OS cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Leonardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine - Veterinary Pathology, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, PG, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Benassi
- Oncologia Sperimentale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Bologna, Italy
| | - Serena Pollino
- Oncologia Sperimentale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Locaputo
- Oncologia Sperimentale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Pazzaglia
- Oncologia Sperimentale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Bologna, Italy
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Xu N, Kang Y, Wang W, Zhou J. The prognostic role of CD133 expression in patients with osteosarcoma. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:261-267. [PMID: 32048073 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), a malignant bone tumor, mainly occurs in adolescents. Cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133) is one of the most common tumor stem cell biomarkers. The prognostic significance of CD133 in OS has been reported, while the conclusions of these study were inconsistent. This study was conducted to investigate the association between CD133 expression and OS. We performed a search using several database including NCBI PubMed, Springer, CNKI, Web of Science and Wanfang for relevant papers about the prognostic value of CD133 on OS published before October 19, 2019. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were used to evaluate the outcomes. Seven reports including 498 OS patients were used for evaluating the association between CD133 positive expression and OS clinicopathological features. CD133 positive expression was not related to the age, gender, tumor size, tumor location and pathological type of OS. The expression of CD133 was significantly associated with high ennecking stage of OS (OR 9.67, 95% CI 5.56-16.80, P < 0.05) and OS local recurrence (OR 3.02, 95% CI 1.84-4.94, P < 0.05). In addition, the expressions of CD133 predict metastasis (OR 7.64, 95% CI 4.93-11.85, P < 0.05). Moreover, this study indicated that CD133 expression was correlated to lower 5-year overall survival in OS with the pooled OR of 5.85 (95% CI 3.30-10.37, P < 0.05). Our reported shown that positive expression of CD133 is significantly correlated with ennecking stage, local recurrence, metastasis and low 5-year overall survival rate of OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yijun Kang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Tomatidine Represses Invasion and Migration of Human Osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS Cells by Suppression of Presenilin 1 and c-Raf-MEK-ERK Pathway. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020326. [PMID: 31941156 PMCID: PMC7024336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, which is the most prevalent malignant bone tumor, is responsible for the great majority of bone cancer-associated deaths because of its highly metastatic potential. Although tomatidine is suggested to serve as a chemosensitizer in multidrug-resistant tumors, the anti-metastatic effect of tomatidine in osteosarcoma is still unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that tomatidine suppresses migration and invasion, features that are associated with metastatic process in human osteosarcoma cells and also investigate its underlying pathway. Tomatidine, up to 100 μM, without cytotoxicity, inhibited the invasion and migration capabilities of human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells and repressed presenilin 1 (PS-1) expression of U2OS cells. After the knockdown of PS-1, U2OS and HOS cells’ biological behaviors of cellular invasion and migratory potential were significantly reduced. While tomatidine significantly decreased the phosphorylation of c-Raf, mitogen/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK), and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 in U2OS cells, no obvious influences on p-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38, and Akt, including their phosphorylation, were observed. In ERK 1 silencing U2 OS cells, tomatidine further enhanced the decrease of their migratory potential and invasive activities. We conclude that both PS-1 derived from U2OS and HOS cells and the c-Raf–MEK–ERK pathway contribute to cellular invasion and migration and tomatidine could inhibit the phenomenons. These findings indicate that tomatidine might be a potential candidate for anti-metastasis treatment of human osteosarcoma.
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23
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Lu KH, Lin RC, Yang JS, Yang WE, Reiter RJ, Yang SF. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma. Cells 2019; 8:E1618. [PMID: 31842295 PMCID: PMC6952995 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone malignancy, occurs most frequently in adolescents with a peak of incidence at 11-15 years. Melatonin, an indole amine hormone, shows a wide range of anticancer activities. The decrease in melatonin levels simultaneously concurs with the increase in bone growth and the peak age distribution of osteosarcoma during puberty, so melatonin has been utilized as an adjunct to chemotherapy to improve the quality of life and clinical outcomes. While a large amount of research has been conducted to understand the complex pleiotropic functions and the molecular and cellular actions elicited by melatonin in various types of cancers, a few review reports have focused on osteosarcoma. Herein, we summarized the anti-osteosarcoma effects of melatonin and its underlying molecular mechanisms to illustrate the known significance of melatonin in osteosarcoma and to address cellular signaling pathways of melatonin in vitro and in animal models. Even in the same kind of osteosarcoma, melatonin has been sparingly investigated to counteract tumor growth, apoptosis, and metastasis through different mechanisms, depending on different cell lines. We highlighted the underlying mechanism of anti-osteosarcoma properties evoked by melatonin, including antioxidant activity, anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of invasion and metastasis. Moreover, we discussed the drug synergy effects of the role of melatonin involved and the method to fortify the anti-cancer effects on osteosarcoma. As a potential therapeutic agent, melatonin is safe for children and adolescents and is a promising candidate for an adjuvant by reinforcing the therapeutic effects and abolishing the unwanted consequences of chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (R.-C.L.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Renn-Chia Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (R.-C.L.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Division of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Wound Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (W.-E.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (W.-E.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (W.-E.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Bajpai J, Chandrasekharan A, Simha V, Mandal T, Shah K, Hingmare S, Rangarajan B, Shetty N, Vora T, Ghosh J, Rekhi B, Banavali S, Gupta S. Osteosarcoma journey over two decades in India: Small steps, big changes. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019; 66:e27877. [PMID: 31207015 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of osteosarcoma is challenging especially in lower-income and middle-income countries, and there is an unmet need to evolve efficient and sustainable chemotherapy regimens. METHODS We compared the outcomes in nonmetastatic osteosarcoma patients treated with three sequential non-high-dose methotrexate-based combination chemotherapy protocols at a single tertiary care center over two decades. The first protocol, OGS-99, involved dose-intense, alternating dyads of three drugs: doxorubicin (Dox), cisplatin (CDDP), and ifosfamide (Ifo). The second protocol, OGS-99 enhanced, included OGS-99 drugs with etoposide and enhanced supportive care. The OGS-12 protocol involved dose-dense administration of eight sequential dyads of Dox, CDDP and Ifo, universal growth factor prophylaxis and targeted nutritional support. Event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity were reported using a retrospective chart review in the OGS-99 and OGS-99 enhanced protocols and prospectively in the OGS-12 protocol. RESULTS A total of 41, 94, and 385 treatment-naïve, consecutive, nonmetastatic patients with extremity osteosarcoma were treated with the OGS-99 (2000-2005), OGS-99 enhanced (2010), and OGS-12 (2011-2016), respectively. At a median follow-up of 19, 86, and 39 months, the five-year EFS rates were 38%, 50%, and 62% in the OGS-99, OGS-99 enhanced, and OGS-12, respectively. The corresponding rates of five-year OS were nonevaluable, 60% and 77%, respectively, with acceptable rates of grade 3-4 toxicities: febrile neutropenia (40%), thrombocytopenia (36%), anemia (51%), and 1% deaths related to toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Sequential selection of an intelligent, dose-dense chemotherapy regimen together with enhanced supportive care resulted in marked improvement in outcomes of nonmetastatic osteosarcoma and this "small steps-big changes" model deserves wider recognition and usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Bajpai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arun Chandrasekharan
- Department of Oncology, Aster Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - Vijai Simha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tanmoy Mandal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kajal Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shalby Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Sachin Hingmare
- Department of Medical Oncology, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bharath Rangarajan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nishitha Shetty
- Department of Medical Oncology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tushar Vora
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jaya Ghosh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bharat Rekhi
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sripad Banavali
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Nanni P, Landuzzi L, Manara MC, Righi A, Nicoletti G, Cristalli C, Pasello M, Parra A, Carrabotta M, Ferracin M, Palladini A, Ianzano ML, Giusti V, Ruzzi F, Magnani M, Donati DM, Picci P, Lollini PL, Scotlandi K. Bone sarcoma patient-derived xenografts are faithful and stable preclinical models for molecular and therapeutic investigations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12174. [PMID: 31434953 PMCID: PMC6704066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard therapy of osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (EW) rests on cytotoxic regimes, which are largely unsuccessful in advanced patients. Preclinical models are needed to break this impasse. A panel of patient-derived xenografts (PDX) was established by implantation of fresh, surgically resected osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (EW) in NSG mice. Engraftment was obtained in 22 of 61 OS (36%) and 7 of 29 EW (24%). The success rate in establishing primary cell cultures from OS was lower than the percentage of PDX engraftment in mice, whereas the reverse was observed for EW; the implementation of both in vivo and in vitro seeding increased the proportion of patients yielding at least one workable model. The establishment of in vitro cultures from PDX was highly efficient in both tumor types, reaching 100% for EW. Morphological and immunohistochemical (SATB2, P-glycoprotein 1, CD99, caveolin 1) studies and gene expression profiling showed a remarkable similarity between patient’s tumor and PDX, which was maintained over several passages in mice, whereas cell cultures displayed a lower correlation with human samples. Genes differentially expressed between OS original tumor and PDX mostly belonged to leuykocyte-specific pathways, as human infiltrate is gradually replaced by murine leukocytes during growth in mice. In EW, which contained scant infiltrates, no gene was differentially expressed between the original tumor and the PDX. A novel therapeutic combination of anti-CD99 diabody C7 and irinotecan was tested against two EW PDX; both drugs inhibited PDX growth, the addition of anti-CD99 was beneficial when chemotherapy alone was less effective. The panel of OS and EW PDX faithfully mirrored morphologic and genetic features of bone sarcomas, representing reliable models to test therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Nanni
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorena Landuzzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Righi
- Service of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giordano Nicoletti
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Cristalli
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Pasello
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Parra
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marianna Carrabotta
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Arianna Palladini
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marianna L Ianzano
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Giusti
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Ruzzi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Davide Maria Donati
- Third Orthopedic Clinic and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier-Luigi Lollini
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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Association between PTEN and clinical-pathological features of osteosarcoma. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190954. [PMID: 31270249 PMCID: PMC6639452 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated the prognostic value of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) in osteosarcoma (OS). There was a great degree of inconsistency between these reports. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic role of PTEN positive expression on OS. We searched NCBI PubMed, Embase, Springer, ISI Web of Knowledge, the Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Internet database (CNKI), Wanfang database, Chinese VIP database and Chinese Biological Medical Database (CBM) for relevant papers published before 28 November 2018. The eligibility of all retrieved studies assessing the relationship between PTEN expression and clinicopathological and prognostic outcomes in OS were incorporated. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the outcomes. A total of 13 studies with 580 OS patients were involved to assess the relationship between PTEN expression and clinicopathological features of OS. PTEN positive expression was significantly associated with male (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.03-2.38, P=0.035<0.05) and OS high differentiation (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.26-4.29, P=0.007<0.05). Additionally, positive expressions of PTEN predict no neoplasm metastasis (OR = 5.69, 95% CI: 3.64-8.90, P<0.05). The results of our study showed that positive expression of PTEN may predict higher 5-year survival in OS with the pooled OR of 8.73 (95% CI: 4.18-18.24, P<0.05). The results from the present study suggest that positive expression of PTEN is significantly associated with male, high differentiation, no metastasis and high 5-year overall survival rate in OS.
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Kamal AF, Rubiansyah P. Clinical outcome of various limb salvage surgeries in osteosarcoma around knee: Megaprosthesis, extracorporeal irradiation and resection arthrodesis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2019; 42:14-18. [PMID: 31080592 PMCID: PMC6505041 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated the outcome and the survival rate of Limb salvage surgeries (LSSs) in osteosarcoma around knee by using megaprosthesis, ECI autograft, and modified arthrodesis of the knee with metallic plus bone cement (MAMC). Methods We reviewed 35 cases of osteosarcoma around the knee that was treated by megaprosthesis, ECI autograft and MAMC from 2012 to 2017. The survival, local recurrence, metastases, complications and functional MSTS score were evaluated for each operation technique. Kaplan-Meier was used to describe the survival rate for each technique. Result Megaprostheses group had an excellent MSTS score (78.7%), the ECI group (72.3%) and MAMC group (68.4%). Local recurrence occurred in the megaprothesis group (0%), the ECI group (9.1%) and MAMC group (20%). Infection occurred in 3 cases of ECI (13.6%) while only 2 (40%) cases in MAMC group and 1 case (12.5%) in the megaprostheses group. Aseptic loosening occurred in the megaprostheses group 1 case (12.5%) and MAMC 1 case (20%). Metastases occurred in 18.2% of the ECI group compared to 25% of the megaprostheses group and 40% of the MAMC group. The megaprosthesis group had an overall survival rate of 90.9 months, whilst the ECI group is on 94.6 months and the MAMC group was 47.2 months. Conclusion Megaprosthesis showed good-excellent functional outcome and survival rate. ECI that is an option in LSS has good functional outcome as well. Knee arthrodesis with MAMC it is still an option to perform LSS even in the advanced local stage of the disease. Various reconstruction options are available for the reconstruction of the distal femur and proximal tibia osteosarcoma. Megaprosthesis showed good-excellent functional outcome and survival rate. ECI that is an option in LSS has good functional outcome as well. Knee arthrodesis with MAMC it is still an option to perform LSS even in the advanced local stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achmad Fauzi Kamal
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Primadika Rubiansyah
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Zhao Z, Jin G, Yao K, Liu K, Liu F, Chen H, Wang K, Gorja DR, Reddy K, Bode AM, Guo Z, Dong Z. Aurora B kinase as a novel molecular target for inhibition the growth of osteosarcoma. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1056-1067. [PMID: 30790360 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the primary human malignant tumor affecting bone. This cancer most frequently arises in children and adolescents, with a second peak in those over the age of 50. Currently, surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the main treatments, but long-term positive effects are very poor. Aurora B kinase is a serine/threonine kinase that is a key regulator of cell cycle and mitosis. Tissue array analysis revealed that Aurora B kinase is overexpressed in osteosarcoma compared with normal bone tissue. We developed a compound, HOI-07 (i.e., (E)-3-((E)-4-(benzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-ylidene)indolin-2-one), as a specific Aurora B kinase inhibitor and examined its effectiveness against osteosarcoma cell growth in this study. This compound inhibited Aurora B kinase activity in osteosarcoma and induced apoptosis, caused G2-M phase arrest, and attenuated osteosarcoma anchorage-independent cell growth. Moreover, knocking down the expression of Aurora B effectively reduced the sensitivity of osteosarcoma to HOI-07. Results of a xenograft mouse study indicated that HOI-07 treatment effectively suppressed the growth of 143B and KHOS xenografts, without affecting the body weight of mice. The expression of phosphorylated histone H3 (Ser10) was reduced in mice treated with HOI-07. Overall, we identified HOI-07 as a specific Aurora B kinase inhibitor for osteosarcoma treatment and this compound warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Zhao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoguo Jin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Wang
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dhilli Rao Gorja
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kanamata Reddy
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Zhiping Guo
- Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Wang Q, Yu X, Li F, Lv X, Fu X, Gu H, Liu H, Liu J, Dai M, Zhang B. Efficacy of celastrol combined with cisplatin in enhancing the apoptosis of U-2OS osteosarcoma cells via the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways of apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3305-3313. [PMID: 30867764 PMCID: PMC6396172 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant tumor of bone, and the poor prognosis and low 5-year survival rate have not improved for three decades. The present study aimed to study the effect a combination of celastrol and cisplatin on the human osteosarcoma cell line U-2OS, and to investigate the mechanism by which celastrol/cisplatin induces the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. MTT and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays were used to evaluate the effects of combined celastrol/cisplatin on growth and apoptosis, respectively, in U-2OS cells. Morphological changes accompanying cell growth inhibition were observed using a fluorescence microscope. Combination index (CI) analysis was used to evaluate the combinatorial effects of celastrol/cisplatin treatment. Western blotting was used to quantify the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins. It was identified that celastrol/cisplatin inhibited the growth of U-2OS cells in a dose-dependent manner. CI analysis revealed that combined celastrol/cisplatin demonstrated a synergistic effect in U-2OS cells, with CIs ranging from 0.80 to 0.97 at effect levels from IC10 to IC70. In addition, it was observed that celastrol/cisplatin upregulated the expression of Bcl-associated X protein, cytochrome c, caspase-3 and C/EBP homologous protein, and downregulated the expression of Bcl-2, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein and caspase-9, whereas the expression of caspase-8 remained unchanged. To conclude, celastrol/cisplatin induced apoptosis in U-2OS cells via the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways, particularly in the former. Celastrol/cisplatin therefore exhibits potential as a novel therapeutic combination for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxing Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Houyun Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hucheng Liu
- Multidisciplinary Therapy Center of Musculoskeletal Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Artificial Joint Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Zhou J, Liu T, Wang W. Prognostic significance of matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression in osteosarcoma: A meta-analysis of 16 studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13051. [PMID: 30383677 PMCID: PMC6221749 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is significant in the progression of osteosarcoma (OS) via increasing tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. Although previous reports indicate the prognostic value of MMP-9 in OS, there is still a great degree on inconsistency between studies. Here we report a comprehensive evaluation of the value of MMP-9 in metastasis of OS by conducting a meta-analysis of published studies. METHODS The quantity of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS). Sixteen studies with a total of 816 patients with OS were examined and we calculated the pooled odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) (95% CI) to evaluate that the positive expression of MMP-9 predicts neoplasm metastasis and poor survival in OS. RESULTS The results of Meta-analysis indicated that patients with positive expression of MMP-9 were significantly associated with neoplasm metastasis (OR = 4.69, 95% CI: 3.05-7.21, P <.001) and poor survival in OS with the pooled OR of 7.19 (95% CI 4.32-11.98, P <.001) when compared to their counterparts with a negative expression of MMP-9. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled OR was stable. It doesn't significantly change when a single study was removed. CONCLUSIONS The results of meta-analysis indicated that MMP-9 may be a prognostic biomarker guiding the clinical therapy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital
- Department of Sports Medicine Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital
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Trabectedin and olaparib in patients with advanced and non-resectable bone and soft-tissue sarcomas (TOMAS): an open-label, phase 1b study from the Italian Sarcoma Group. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19:1360-1371. [PMID: 30217671 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trabectedin is an alkylating drug with a unique mechanism of action causing single-strand and double-strand DNA breaks that activate DNA damage-response pathways. Based on our preclinical data, we hypothesised that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors might be an ideal partner of trabectedin and aimed to assess the safety, identify the recommended phase 2 dose, and explore preliminary signs of activity of trabectedin and olaparib combination treatment in patients with bone and soft-tissue sarcoma. METHODS We did an open-label, multicentre, phase 1b study, recruiting patients from the national Italian sarcoma network aged 18 years and older with histologically confirmed bone and soft-tissue sarcoma progressing after standard treatments with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 1 or less. In a classic 3 + 3 design, patients received a 24 h infusion of trabectedin on day 1 and olaparib orally twice a day in 21-day cycles across six dose levels (trabectedin 0·675-1·3 mg/m2 every 3 weeks; olaparib 100-300 mg twice a day from day 1 to 21). Intermediate dose levels were permitted to improve safety and tolerability. The primary endpoint was determination of the recommended phase 2 dose (the maximum tolerated dose). Safety and antitumour activity were assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of the study drugs. We report the results of the dose-escalation and dose-expansion cohorts. The trial is still active but closed to enrolment, and follow-up for patients who completed treatment is ongoing. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02398058. FINDINGS Between Nov 17, 2014, and Jan 30, 2017, of 54 patients assessed for eligibility, we enrolled 50 patients: 28 patients in the dose-escalation cohort and 22 patients in the dose-expansion cohort. Patients received a median of four cycles of treatment (IQR 2-6; range 1-17 [the patients who received the highest number of cycles are still on treatment]) with a median follow-up of 10 months (IQR 5-23). Considering all dose levels, the most common grade 3-4 adverse events were lymphopenia (32 [64%] of 50 patients), neutropenia (31 [62%]), thrombocytopenia (14 [28%]), anaemia (13 [26%]), hypophosphataemia (20 [40%]), and alanine aminotransferase concentration increase (9 [18%]). No treatment-related life-threatening adverse events or deaths occurred. One (2%) patient interrupted treatment without progression without reporting any specific toxicity. Observed dose-limiting toxicities were thrombocytopenia, neutropenia for more than 7 days, and febrile neutropenia. We selected intermediate dose level 4b (trabectedin 1·1 mg/m2 every 3 weeks plus olaparib 150 mg twice a day) as the recommended phase 2 dose. Seven (14%; 95% CI 6-27) of 50 patients achieved a partial response according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors 1.1. INTERPRETATION Trabectedin and olaparib in combination showed manageable toxicities at active dose levels for both drugs. Preliminary data on antitumour activity are encouraging. Two dedicated phase 2 studies are planned to assess activity of this combination in both ovarian cancer (EudraCT2018-000230-35) and soft-tissue sarcomas. FUNDING Italian Association for Cancer Research, Italian Sarcoma Group, Foundation for Research on Musculoskeletal and Rare Tumors, and Italian Ministry of Health.
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Kim W, Han I, Lee JS, Cho HS, Park JW, Kim HS. Postmetastasis survival in high-grade extremity osteosarcoma: A retrospective analysis of prognostic factors in 126 patients. J Surg Oncol 2018; 117:1223-1231. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.24963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanlim Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Songpa-gu Seoul Korea
| | - Ilkyu Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Jong S. Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Songpa-gu Seoul Korea
| | - Hwan S. Cho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Jong W. Park
- Orthopaedic Oncology Clinic; National Cancer Center; Ilsandong-gu Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Han-Soo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
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Thanapprapasr K, Nartthanarung A, Thanapprapasr D, Jinawath A. pFAK-Y397 overexpression as both a prognostic and a predictive biomarker for patients with metastatic osteosarcoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182989. [PMID: 28846700 PMCID: PMC5573209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is important for tumor cell survival and metastasis in various cancers. However, its expression and prognostic value in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma remain unknown. We investigated the expression of FAK and its phosphorylated form (pFAK-Y397) in osteosarcoma tissues from 53 patients by immunohistochemistry and evaluated their correlations with clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes. The prognostic values were assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses. Total FAK and pFAK-Y397 were overexpressed in 48 (90.6%) and 33 (62.3%) cases, respectively. pFAK-Y397 overexpression was correlated with poor histologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma regardless of the presence of metastasis or not. Kaplan-Meier curve showed that patients with metastatic osteosarcoma with pFAK-Y397 overexpression had significantly worse overall survival (OS) than those with non-overexpression (P = 0.044). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed pFAK-Y397 overexpression as an independent prognostic predictor for OS and post metastases OS (PMOS) (P = 0.017, P = 0.006, respectively). Age at diagnosis was also an independent indicator for PMOS (P = 0.003). However, total FAK expression was not correlated with any clinicopathologic characteristics or OS in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma. In conclusion, our findings identified FAK as a common aberrant protein overexpression in various subtypes of osteosarcoma. pFAK-Y397 overexpression can be used as a prognostic biomarker predicting poor OS for patients with metastatic osteosarcoma, and the expression of pFAK-Y397 differentiated good and poor responders to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamolrat Thanapprapasr
- Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
- * E-mail: (AJ); (KT)
| | - Adisak Nartthanarung
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangmani Thanapprapasr
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Wattanosoth Cancer Hospital, Bangkok Hospital Medical Center, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Artit Jinawath
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail: (AJ); (KT)
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Telomerase reverse transcriptase promotes chemoresistance by suppressing cisplatin-dependent apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7070. [PMID: 28765565 PMCID: PMC5539325 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07204-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most efficacious antimitotic drugs used in the treatment of a range of malignant tumors. However, treatment failures are common due to the development of chemoresistance. In addition to its telomere maintenance function, telomerase plays a pro-survival role, inducing decreased apoptosis and increased resistance against DNA damage. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect is critical to improve treatment outcomes. Previously, our group showed higher telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT) expression in cisplatin resistant osteosarcoma cells. In this study, confocal fluorescence microscopy experiments revealed that TERT translocates from the nucleus to mitochondria in cisplatin treated osteosarcoma cells. We observed decreased apoptosis rate and improved mitochondrial function in TERT-overexpressing cells following cisplatin treatment. Based on these results, we further established that TERT inhibits cisplatin-induced apoptosis independently of telomerase reverse transcriptase activity. Moreover, TERT suppressed cisplatin-induced apoptosis and improved mitochondrial function via alleviating intracellular ROS in osteosarcoma cells. Our finding that TERT shuttles from the nucleus to the mitochondrion in response to cisplatin treatment and inhibits cisplatin-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells may be especially important to overcome drug resistance.
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Li Z, Liu H, Li B, Zhang Y, Piao C. Saurolactam Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 72:719-26. [PMID: 25627547 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-015-0523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common type of malignant bone tumor with features of osteoid formation or osteolytic lesions of bone. New therapeutic approaches are urgently needed since it lacks response to chemotherapeutic treatments. Saurolactam, a natural compound isolated from the aerial portions of Saururus chinensis, was reported to have an anti-inflammatory activity. Here, we demonstrate that saurolactam shows anti-cancer activity against human osteosarcoma cells. Saurolactam treatment inhibited proliferation of human osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 and HOS and decreased colony formation in soft agar in a dose-dependent manner. Intraperitoneal administration of saurolactam at 25 mg/kg of body weight for 21 days dramatically inhibited the growth of MG-63 xenografts in nude mice. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that saurolactam treatment (20 μM) led to G1 cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in these two cell lines. Western analysis suggested that saurolactam treatment resulted in a reduction of Akt/PKB, phospho-Ser473-Akt, c-Myc, and S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) in MG-63 and HOS osteosarcoma cells. Akt overexpression significantly abolished saurolactam-induced decrease in protein and phosphorylation levels of Akt, c-Myc, and Skp2 protein levels, implying that Akt inactivation was a causal mediator of saurolactam-induced inhibition of c-Myc and Skp2. Moreover, Skp2 overexpression in MG-63 cells partly abolished the growth inhibition induced by saurolactam. Saurolactam treatment repressed migration and invasion ability, and Skp2 overexpression significantly blocked these inhibitory effects of saurolactam in MG-63 Cells. The present study indicates that saurolactam might represent a new promising agent to improve osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Li
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Baizhi Li
- Institute of Frontier Medical Science of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhe Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengdong Piao
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China.
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Sequential use of hemoperfusion and single-pass albumin dialysis can safely reverse methotrexate nephrotoxicity. Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:1699-703. [PMID: 27335061 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-dose methotrexate therapy (HDMTX) is a common form of chemotherapy used in children with high-grade malignancy such as osteosarcoma. Treatment with HDMTX requires careful monitoring of drug levels with folinic acid (leucovorin) rescue therapy. Toxicity from methotrexate is not uncommon and sometimes causes significant morbidity and mortality. CASE-DIAGNOSIS/TREATMENT We report an 11-year-old child whose 24-h post-HDMTX serum level was 651.8 μmol/L (recommended level <20 μmol/L), which was complicated by septic shock and progressive renal and liver failure. As carboxypeptidase (glucarpidase) was not available locally, she was treated with the sequential use of charcoal hemoperfusion (CHP) and single-pass albumin dialysis (SPAD). The patient recovered without complications. Both liver and renal function recovered with no significant late sequelae. CONCLUSION CHP and SPAD are effective extracorporeal methods of removing methotrexate. They provide alternative treatment options for critical care nephrologists in the management of methotrexate toxicity.
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Marko TA, Diessner BJ, Spector LG. Prevalence of Metastasis at Diagnosis of Osteosarcoma: An International Comparison. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016; 63:1006-11. [PMID: 26929018 PMCID: PMC4833631 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in many countries, with metastatic disease responsible for most patient deaths. This study compares the prevalence of metastatic OS at diagnosis across countries to inform the critical question of whether diagnostic delay or tumor biology drives metastases development prior to diagnosis. PROCEDURE A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted to compare the prevalence of metastatic disease at the time of OS diagnosis between countries. A pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals was calculated for each study meeting inclusion criteria. Studies were grouped for analysis based on human development index (HDI) scores. RESULTS Our analysis found an 18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15%, 20%) average global pooled proportion of metastasis at OS diagnosis. The average prevalence of metastasis at diagnosis increased as HDI groupings decreased, with very high HDI, high HDI, and medium/low HDI groups found to be 15% (95% CI: 13%, 17%), 20% (95% CI: 14%, 28%), and 31% (95% CI: 15%, 52%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our evidence suggests there is a biological baseline for metastatic OS at diagnosis, which is observed in countries with very high HDI. In countries with medium/low HDI, where there are more barriers to accessing healthcare, the higher prevalence of metastasis may result from treatment delay or an artificial prevalence inflation due to patients with less severe symptoms not presenting to clinic. Additional research in countries with medium/low HDI may reveal that earlier detection and treatment could improve patient outcomes in those countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Logan G. Spector
- Department of Pediatric Epidemiology, University of Minnesota,Corresponding Author: 420 Delaware Street, SE, MMC 715, Minneapolis, MN 55455, , phone: 612-624-3912, fax: 612-624-7147
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Ge Y, Wang Y, Pang L, Zhang L, Zhai Y, Zhou H. Proliferation, Apoptosis and Invasion effects of mistletoe alkali on human osteosarcoma U2OS in vitro. Int Surg 2016; 101:282-290. [PMID: 27110639 DOI: 10.9738/intsurg-d-15-00131.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of mistletoe alkali on human Osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) in vitro. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone tumor, although there are a lot of therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, its prognosis is still very poor. There is increasing interest in the protective biological function of natural antioxidants contained in Chinese medicinal herbs, which are candidates for the prevention of tumors. Mistletoe alkali is one of the compounds extracted from Viscum coloratum (Komar.) Nakai, one kind of mistletoe, whose extracts contribute to the improvement of the prognosis of patients with malignancies. METHODS The effect of mistletoe alkali on the growth of U2OS cells was compared with 5-FU, using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). The influence of mistletoe alkali on U2OS's proliferation and apoptosis were tested by TUNEL staining and immunocytochemical (ICC) staining of caspase 3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Additionally, the invasion ability of U2OS cells was detected using a Boyden chamber trans-well migration assay. RESULTS CCK-8 assays gave an IC50 of 7μg/ml for mistletoe alkali. Compared to 5-FU, mistletoe alkali inhibited U2OS proliferation and induced apoptosis more effectively. The invasion ability of U2OS was also weaker in mistletoe alkali than in 5-FU. CONCLUSIONS Mistletoe alkali significantly inhibited growth and invasion abilities of U2OS cells and induced their apoptosis in vitro. Mistletoe alkali may be a more effective drug for Human Osteosarcoma than the standard chemotherapeutic drug 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ge
- 3 Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- 3 Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lei Pang
- 3 Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- 3 Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingxian Zhai
- 3 Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Houlan Zhou
- 3 Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Hung GY, Yen HJ, Yen CC, Wu PK, Chen CF, Chen PCH, Wu HTH, Chiou HJ, Chen WM. Improvement in High-Grade Osteosarcoma Survival: Results from 202 Patients Treated at a Single Institution in Taiwan. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3420. [PMID: 27082623 PMCID: PMC4839867 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare survival before and after 2004 and define the prognostic factors for high-grade osteosarcomas beyond those of typical young patients with localized extremity disease. Few studies have reported the long-term treatment outcomes of high-grade osteosarcoma in Taiwan. A total of 202 patients with primary high-grade osteosarcoma who received primary chemotherapy at Taipei Veterans General Hospital between January 1995 and December 2011 were retrospectively evaluated and compared by period (1995-2003 vs 2004-2011). Patients of all ages and tumor sites and those following or not following controlled protocols were included in analysis of demographic, tumor-related, and treatment-related variables and survival. Overall survival and progression-free survival at 5 years were, respectively, 67.7% and 48% for all patients (n = 202), 77.3% and 57.1% for patients without metastasis (n = 157), and 33.9% and 14.8% for patients with metastasis (n = 45). The survival rates of patients treated after 2004 were significantly higher (by 13%-16%) compared with those of patients treated before 2004, with an accompanying 30% increase in histological good response rate (P = .002). Factors significantly contributing to inferior survival in univariate and multivariate analyses were diagnosis before 2004, metastasis at diagnosis, and being a noncandidate for a controlled treatment protocol. By comparison with the regimens used at our institution before 2004, the current results support the effectiveness of the post-2004 regimens, which consisted of substantially reduced cycles of high-dose methotrexate and a higher dosage of ifosfamide per cycle, cisplatin, and doxorubicin, for treating high-grade osteosarcoma in Asian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giun-Yi Hung
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (G-YH, H-JY); Department of Orthopedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital (G-YH, H-JY, C-CY, P-KW, C-FC, PC-HC, H-THW, H-JC, W-MC); School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (G-YH, H-JY, C-CY, C-FC, PC-HC, H-THW, H-JC, W-MC); Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University (G-YH, H-JY); Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital (C-CY); Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (P-KW); Department of Orthopedics (P-KW, C-FC); Department of Pathology (PC-HC); Department of Radiology (H-THW, H-JC); National Defense Medical Center (H-JC); and Rehabilitation and Technical Aid Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (W-MC)
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The tumor suppressive role of RASSF1A in osteosarcoma through the Wnt signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8869-77. [PMID: 26750098 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras-association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) is a tumor suppressor gene and its expression is lost in numerous types of cancer cells, including primary osteosarcoma cells. However, its functional significance in osteosarcoma has not been well defined. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of RASSF1A in osteosarcoma tissues and corresponding non-tumoral tissues was measured by real-time PCR. Overexpression of RASSF1A was established by an adenoviral vector expressing RASSF1A. Cell migration and invasion were analyzed in transwells. Apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. Wnt/β-catenin activity was measured by TCF reporter dual-luciferase assay. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. RASSF1A mRNA expression was significantly lower in osteosarcoma tissues than that in the corresponding non-tumoral tissues. The lowered RASSF1A expression correlated with the clinical severity of osteosarcoma. rAd-RASSF1A injection significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft MNNG/HOS tumors in mice. Overexpression of RASSF1A resulted in significant inhibition of the proliferation, migration, and invasion; induced apoptosis; and arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase in both the MNNG/HOS and SaOS2 cells. Overexpression of RASSF1A inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin activity, decreased phosphorylation of Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3-β (GSK3-β), and increased phosphorylation of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1). Overexpression of RASSF1A downregulated the cyclin D1, c-Myc, and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) protein levels. RASSF1A functions as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma and exerts anti-cancer roles through regulating Akt/GSK-3-Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Zhang Y, Ding C, Wang J, Sun G, Cao Y, Xu L, Zhou L, Chen X. Prognostic significance of CD44V6 expression in osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2015; 10:187. [PMID: 26697855 PMCID: PMC4690422 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-015-0328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous individual studies evaluating the relationship between CD44V6 over-expression and prognostic impact in patients with osteosarcoma (OS) have yielded in conclusive results. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the value of cell adhesion molecule CD44V6 in prognosis of OS by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed (medline), Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, Springer, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, BioMed Central, ScienceDirect, Wanfang, Weipu, and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) databases from inception through May 26, 2015. All available articles written in English or Chinese that investigated the expression of CD44V6 and the prognosis of OS were included. The quantity of the studies was evaluated according to the critical review checklist of the Dutch Cochrane Centre proposed by MOOSE. Finally, a total of eight studies with 486 OS patients were involved and the results indicated that the positive expression of CD44V6 predicts neoplasm metastasis (RR = 1.76, 95 % CI 1.38-2.25, p < 0.00001), and poor survival in OS with the pooled HR of 1.53 (95 % CI 1.25-1.88, p < 0.0001). No significant heterogeneity was observed among all studies. In conclusion, the present meta-analysis and systematic review strongly suggest that CD44V6 over-expression is associated with overall survival rate and metastasis in OS, and may be used as a prognostic biomarker to guide the clinical therapy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Chunming Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designated by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guirong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yongxian Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Longqiang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designated by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Zaikova O, Sundby Hall K, Styring E, Eriksson M, Trovik CS, Bergh P, Bjerkehagen B, Skorpil M, Weedon-Fekjaer H, Bauer HCF. Referral patterns, treatment and outcome of high-grade malignant bone sarcoma in Scandinavia--SSG Central Register 25 years' experience. J Surg Oncol 2015; 112:853-60. [PMID: 26482729 DOI: 10.1002/jso.24074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The objectives of this study were to present changes in referral patterns, treatment and survival in patients with high-grade malignant bone sarcoma in Sweden and Norway based on data in the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) Central Register. METHOD Data on 1,437 patients with diagnosis 1986-2010 was analyzed. RESULTS Osteosarcoma was the most frequentl diagnosis (45%), followed by Ewing sarcoma (21%) and chondrosarcoma (17%). Thirty-one percent of Swedish and 41% of Norwegian patients had tumors in the axial skeleton. Eighty-six percent of extremity tumors and 66% of axial tumors were referred to a sarcoma center prior to unplanned surgery or biopsy. During the past decade, limb salvage surgery has risen from under 50% to over 80%. Five-year overall survival in non-metastatic osteosarcoma was 70% for extremity tumors, and 35% for axial tumors. No improvement in osteosarcoma survival was observed during the last decade. Five-year survival in Ewing sarcoma improved from 50% to 69%. CONCLUSION Referral patterns in bone sarcomas have improved. However, greater efforts should be dedicated to improving referral of patients with possible tumors in the axial skeleton to multidisciplinary teams (MDTs). Overall survival of patients with high-grade malignant bone sarcomas in Sweden and Norway is in line with other reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zaikova
- Department of Orthopedics, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Norway
| | - Kirsten Sundby Hall
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Norway
| | - Emelie Styring
- Department of Orthopedics, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Oncology, Skane University Hospital, and Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Clement S Trovik
- Department of Orthopaedics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Peter Bergh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgren University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bodil Bjerkehagen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Norway
| | - Mikael Skorpil
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Diagnostic Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harald Weedon-Fekjaer
- Oslo Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Henrik C F Bauer
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gerrand C, Francis M, Dennis N, Charman J, Lawrence G, Evans T, Grimer R. Routes to diagnosis for sarcoma - Describing the sarcoma patient journey. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 41:1393-9. [PMID: 26278018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the route to diagnosis for patients with cancer is important to improve the diagnostic pathway and therefore outcomes. We aimed to investigate routes to diagnosis for patients with sarcoma in England. METHODS National patient level datasets relating to 7716 soft tissue and 1240 bone sarcoma patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2008 were analysed. Routes to diagnosis were defined as: "Two Week Wait Referral", "GP Referral", "Other Outpatient", "Inpatient Elective", "Emergency Presentation", "Death Certificate Only" and "Unknown". RESULTS Patients with sarcoma are most likely to be diagnosed after "GP Referral" or "Emergency Presentation" and are less likely to be referred under a two week wait compared with other malignancies. Patients with bone sarcoma under 10 or over 80 years of age were more likely to present by emergency routes, as were patients with vertebral column, pelvis or unspecified site tumours and those with Ewing's sarcoma or sarcoma NOS. Patients with soft tissue sarcoma under 19 or over 80 years of age and patients with GI tract tumours were more likely to present by emergency routes. Patients presenting by emergency routes more often had metastases and had lower 1 year survival. Patients from least deprived quintiles more often presented by unknown routes: those from more deprived quintiles more often presented by emergency routes. CONCLUSION Routes to diagnosis for sarcoma patients differ from other cancers. Interventions to improve the diagnostic experience should consider the very young and elderly, tumours in abdominal, pelvic or spinal locations and on reducing emergency presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gerrand
- North of England Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Service, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK.
| | - M Francis
- Public Health England Knowledge and Intelligence Team (West Midlands), Public Health England, 1st Floor, 5 St Philips Place, Birmingham, B3 2PW, UK.
| | - N Dennis
- Public Health England Knowledge and Intelligence Team (West Midlands), Public Health England, 1st Floor, 5 St Philips Place, Birmingham, B3 2PW, UK.
| | - J Charman
- Public Health England Knowledge and Intelligence Team (West Midlands), Public Health England, 1st Floor, 5 St Philips Place, Birmingham, B3 2PW, UK
| | - G Lawrence
- Public Health England Knowledge and Intelligence Team (West Midlands), Public Health England, 1st Floor, 5 St Philips Place, Birmingham, B3 2PW, UK.
| | - T Evans
- Public Health England Knowledge and Intelligence Team (West Midlands), Public Health England, 1st Floor, 5 St Philips Place, Birmingham, B3 2PW, UK
| | - R Grimer
- Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
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Yu X, Zhou X, Fu C, Wang Q, Nie T, Zou F, Guo R, Liu H, Zhang B, Dai M. Celastrol induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1129-36. [PMID: 26165547 PMCID: PMC4530898 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol is an active compound extracted from the root bark of Triptergium wilfordii Hook F., also known as 'Thunder of God Vine'. It is a well-known Chinese medicinal herb that was found to inhibit tumor cell growth and promote apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. However, research into its effects on osteosarcoma cell apoptosis is still extremely limited. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of celastrol on viability and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells and furthermore, to illuminate the molecular mechanism of celastrol-induced osteosarcoma cell apoptosis. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was used to evaluate the viability of the cells following treatment with celastrol. The effect of celastrol on the apoptotic rate of the cells was evaluated by flow cytometry using Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining assay. Fluorescence microscopy was used to detect the morphological changes in the human osteosarcoma U-2OS cell lines. The expression of Bcl-2 family proteins, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, cytochrome c and PARP was measured by western blotting. We found that celastrol significantly inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, particularly U-2OS cells. Furthermore, we observed that celastrol upregulated the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cytochrome c and altered the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, and triggered the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, resulting in caspase-3 and -9 activation and PARP cleavage. To conclude, the results indicate that celastrol inhibits the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cancer cells by inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrial-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Changlin Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Runsheng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hucheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Presentation and Long-term Outcome of High-grade Osteosarcoma: A Single-institution Experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015; 37:e272-7. [PMID: 25374283 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate clinicopathologic characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment outcome of pediatric/adolescent high-grade osteosarcoma patients. METHODS/PATIENTS Retrospective evaluation of patients 21 years of age or younger with newly diagnosed high-grade osteosarcoma treated in a single institution. Effects of variables on event-free survival and overall survival (OS) were determined by using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Variables found to be significant were evaluated with multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Seventy-seven patients diagnosed between January 1985 and December 2011 were included. Median follow-up time was 11.0 years (range, 1.6 to 26.4 y). Event-free survival at 5 and 10 years was 38%±11% and 38%±11%, respectively. OS at 5 and 10 years was 51%±12% and 45%±12%, respectively. Metastatic disease, prolonged time interval to resumption of chemotherapy, lower tumor necrosis rate, and lack of achievement of complete response at the end of first-line chemotherapy treatment were associated with inferior OS probabilities in univariate analysis. Upon multivariate analysis, only achievement of complete response at the end of first-line chemotherapy and tumor necrosis rate retained independent prognostic significance. CONCLUSIONS Prognostic factors and long-term survival are similar to those previously described. Reduction of global time interval to resumption of chemotherapy as well as a more specific and validated definition of pulmonary metastases at diagnosis are needed.
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Liu T, Zhou W, Cai B, Chu J, Shi G, Teng H, Xu J, Xiao J, Wang Y. IRX2-mediated upregulation of MMP-9 and VEGF in a PI3K/AKT-dependent manner. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4346-4351. [PMID: 26062523 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent type of primitive malignant bone tumor with a poor prognosis due to distant metastasis. Our previous studies have demonstrated that IRX2 is overexpressed and is important in cell proliferation and invasion. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the IRX2‑dependent regulation of OS progression remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the effects of IRX2 on the upregulation of MMP2 and VEGF in OS were determined by western blotting, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were elucidated. These findings provided data suggesting that IRX2 modulates the expression levels of MMP2 and VEGF in an AKT‑dependent manner. The overexpression of IRX2 promoted the activation of PI3K/Akt and increased the proliferation and invasiveness of the OS cell lines as shown by CCK8 and invasion assays. Notably, interruption of the AKT pathway by treatment with LY294002, a specific PI3K inhibitor, attenuated IRX2‑induced cell proliferation and invasive ability, and the upregulation of MMP2 and VEGF. The results of the present study suggested that inhibition of the IRX2‑mediated AKT signaling pathway may be a suitable therapeutic target for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tielong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Bing Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo Development Zone Center Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230061, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Honglin Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Workers Hospital of Suqian City, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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miR-196a expression in human and canine osteosarcomas: A comparative study. Res Vet Sci 2015; 99:112-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Wang B, Yu XC, Xu SF, Xu M. Paclitaxel and etoposide co-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the effective combination therapy against human osteosarcoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:22. [PMID: 25880868 PMCID: PMC4377179 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with different pharmacological action has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of cancers. Present study examines the antitumor potential of paclitaxel (PTX) and etoposide (ETP)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of osteosarcoma. RESULTS The resulting drug-loaded PLGA NP exhibited a nanosize dimension with uniform spherical morphology. The NP exhibited a sustained release profile for both PTX and ETP throughout the study period without any sign of initial burst release. The combinational drug-loaded PLGA NP enhanced the cytotoxic effect in MG63 and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cell lines, in comparison to either native drug alone or in cocktail combinations. Additionally, NPs showed an appreciable uptake in MG63 cells in a time-based manner. Co-delivery of anticancer drugs resulted in enhanced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The results clearly showed that combinational drugs remarkably improved the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. The greater inhibitory effect of nanoparticle combination would be of great advantage during systemic cancer therapy. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study demonstrated that PTX-ETP/PLGA NP based combination therapy holds significant potential towards the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Department of Orthopeadic, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, No. 25 Shifan Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China.
| | - Xiu-Chun Yu
- Department of Orthopeadic, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, No. 25 Shifan Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China.
| | - Song-Feng Xu
- Department of Orthopeadic, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, No. 25 Shifan Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China.
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Orthopeadic, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, No. 25 Shifan Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China.
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Sun L, Zhou DS, Zhang P, Li QH, Liu P. RETRACTED: Gemcitabine and γ-cyclodextrin/docetaxel inclusion complex-loaded liposome for highly effective combinational therapy of osteosarcoma. Int J Pharm 2015; 478:308-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Marginal resection for osteosarcoma with effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy: long-term outcomes. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12:341. [PMID: 25391880 PMCID: PMC4234849 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the long-term outcomes of patients with osteosarcoma who underwent effective preoperative chemotherapy and subsequently underwent marginal resection. METHODS We reviewed the records of 50 patients with osteosarcoma who underwent marginal resection following effective preoperative chemotherapy; 18 were treated with the MMIA (high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX), adriamycin (ADR), ifosfamide (IFO)) and cisplatin (DDP), and 32 patients were treated with the DIA (DDP, ADR and IFO). protocol. The functions of the affected limb were evaluated using the revised MSTS93 system. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 5.5 years, the rates were: overall 5-year cumulative survival 61.7%, event-free survival 57.7%, recurrence 8.5%, pulmonary metastases 42.6%, and excellent to good function of the affected limb 57.7%. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that marginal resection can be performed in patients with osteosarcoma who obtain clinically favorable responses to chemotherapy. Patients had a good clinical course and there was no negative effect on rates of survival or local recurrence.
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