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Babbar A, Rawat N, Kaur P, Singh N, Lore JS, Vikal Y, Neelam K. Precision mapping and expression analysis of recessive bacterial blight resistance gene xa-45(t) from Oryza glaberrima. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:626. [PMID: 38717621 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is one of the most devastating diseases of rice leading to huge yield losses in Southeast Asia. The recessive resistance gene xa-45(t) from Oryza glaberrima IRGC102600B, mapped on rice chromosome 8, spans 80 Kb with 9 candidate genes on Nipponbare reference genome IRGSP-1.0. The xa-45(t) gene provides durable resistance against all the ten Xanthomonas pathotypes of Northern India, thus aiding in the expansion of recessive bacterial blight resistance gene pool. Punjab Rice PR127, carrying xa-45(t), was released for wider use in breeding programs. This study aims to precisely locate the target gene among the 9 candidates conferring resistance to bacterial blight disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Sanger sequencing of all nine candidate genes revealed seven SNPs and an Indel between the susceptible parent Pusa 44 and the resistant introgression line IL274. The genotyping with polymorphic markers identified three recombinant breakpoints for LOC_Os08g42370, and LOC_Os08g42400, 15 recombinants for LOC_Os08g423420 and 26 for LOC_Os08g42440 out of 190 individuals. Relative expression analysis across six time intervals (0, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) after bacterial blight infection showed over expression of LOC_Os08g42410-specific transcripts in IL274 compared to Pusa 44, with a significant 4.46-fold increase observed at 72 h post-inoculation. CONCLUSIONS The Indel marker at the locus LOC_Os08g42410 was found co-segregating with the phenotype, suggesting its candidacy towards xa-45(t). The transcript abundance assay provides strong evidence for the involvement of LOC_Os08g42410 in the resistance conferred by the bacterial blight gene xa-45(t).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Babbar
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Nidhi Rawat
- Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Pavneet Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Navdeep Singh
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Jagjeet Singh Lore
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Yogesh Vikal
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Kumari Neelam
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
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Peracchi LM, Panahabadi R, Barros-Rios J, Bartley LE, Sanguinet KA. Grass lignin: biosynthesis, biological roles, and industrial applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1343097. [PMID: 38463570 PMCID: PMC10921064 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1343097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Lignin is a phenolic heteropolymer found in most terrestrial plants that contributes an essential role in plant growth, abiotic stress tolerance, and biotic stress resistance. Recent research in grass lignin biosynthesis has found differences compared to dicots such as Arabidopsis thaliana. For example, the prolific incorporation of hydroxycinnamic acids into grass secondary cell walls improve the structural integrity of vascular and structural elements via covalent crosslinking. Conversely, fundamental monolignol chemistry conserves the mechanisms of monolignol translocation and polymerization across the plant phylum. Emerging evidence suggests grass lignin compositions contribute to abiotic stress tolerance, and periods of biotic stress often alter cereal lignin compositions to hinder pathogenesis. This same recalcitrance also inhibits industrial valorization of plant biomass, making lignin alterations and reductions a prolific field of research. This review presents an update of grass lignin biosynthesis, translocation, and polymerization, highlights how lignified grass cell walls contribute to plant development and stress responses, and briefly addresses genetic engineering strategies that may benefit industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi M. Peracchi
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Rahele Panahabadi
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Jaime Barros-Rios
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Laura E. Bartley
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Karen A. Sanguinet
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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3
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Wang S, Wang C, Lv F, Chu P, Jin H. Genome-wide identification of the OMT gene family in Cucumis melo L. and expression analysis under abiotic and biotic stress. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16483. [PMID: 38107581 PMCID: PMC10725674 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background O-methyltransferase (OMT)-mediated O-methylation is a frequent modification that occurs during natural product biosynthesis, and it increases the diversity and stability of secondary metabolites. However, detailed genome-wide identification and expression analyses of OMT gene family members have not been performed in melons. In this study, we aimed to perform the genome-wide identification of OMT gene family members in melon to identify and clarify their actions during stress. Methods Genome-wide identification of OMT gene family members was performed using data from the melon genome database. The Cucumis melo OMT genes (CmOMTs) were then compared with the genes from two representative monocotyledons and three representative dicotyledons. The basic information, cis-regulatory elements in the promoter, predicted 3-D-structures, and GO enrichment results of the 21 CmOMTs were analyzed. Results In our study, 21 CmOMTs (named CmOMT1-21) were obtained by analyzing the melon genome. These genes were located on six chromosomes and divided into three groups composed of nine, six, and six CmOMTs based on phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure and motif descriptions were similar within the same classes. Each CmOMT gene contains at least one cis-acting element associated with hormone transport regulation. Analysis of cis-acting elements illustrated the potential role of CmOMTs in developmental regulation and adaptations to various abiotic and biotic stresses. The RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results indicated that NaCl stress significantly induced CmOMT6/9/14/18 and chilling and high temperature and humidity (HTH) stresses significantly upregulated CmOMT14/18. Furthermore, the expression pattern of CmOMT18 may be associated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis race 1.2 (FOM1.2) and powdery mildew resistance. Our study tentatively explored the biological functions of CmOMT genes in various stress regulation pathways and provided a conceptual basis for further detailed studies of the molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuang Wang
- Liaocheng Vocational & Technical College, Liaocheng, China
| | - Futang Lv
- Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | | | - Han Jin
- Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Guigard L, Jobert L, Busset N, Moulin L, Czernic P. Symbiotic compatibility between rice cultivars and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi genotypes affects rice growth and mycorrhiza-induced resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1278990. [PMID: 37941658 PMCID: PMC10628536 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1278990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) belong to the Glomeromycota clade and can form root symbioses with 80% of Angiosperms, including crops species such as wheat, maize and rice. By increasing nutrient availability, uptake and soil anchoring of plants, AMF can improve plant's growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses. AMF can also reduce symptoms and pathogen load on infected plants, both locally and systemically, through a phenomenon called mycorrhiza induced resistance (MIR). There is scarce information on rice mycorrhization, despite the high potential of this symbiosis in a context of sustainable water management in rice production systems. Methods We studied the symbiotic compatibility (global mycorrhization & arbuscules intensity) and MIR phenotypes between six rice cultivars from two subspecies (indica: IR64 & Phka Rumduol; japonica: Nipponbare, Kitaake, Azucena & Zhonghua 11) and three AMF genotypes (Funneliformis mosseae FR140 (FM), Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM197198 (RIR) & R. intraradices FR121 (RIN)). The impact of mycorrhization on rice growth and defence response to Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) infection was recorded via both phenotypic indexes and rice marker gene expression studies. Results All three AMF genotypes colonise the roots of all rice varieties, with clear differences in efficiency depending on the combination under study (from 27% to 84% for Phka Rumduol-RIN and Nipponbare-RIR combinations, respectively). Mycorrhization significantly (α=0.05) induced negative to beneficial effects on rice growth (impact on dry weight ranging from -21% to 227% on Azucena-FM and Kitaake-RIN combinations, respectively), and neutral to beneficial effects on the extent of Xoo symptoms on leaves (except for Azucena-RIN combination which showed a 68% increase of chlorosis). R. irregularis DAOM197198 was the most compatible AMF partner of rice, with high root colonisation intensity (84% of Nipponbare's roots hyphal colonisation), beneficial effects on rice growth (dry weight +28% (IR64) to +178% (Kitaake)) and decrease of Xoo-induced symptoms (-6% (Nipponbare) to -27% (IR64)). Transcriptomic analyses by RT-qPCR on leaves of two rice cultivars contrasting in their association with AMF show two different patterns of response on several physiological marker genes. Discussion Overall, the symbiotic compatibility between rice cultivars and AMF demonstrates adequate colonization, effectively restricting the nutrient starvation response and mitigating symptoms of phytopathogenic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pierre Czernic
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
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Khan A, Chen S, Fatima S, Ahamad L, Siddiqui MA. Biotechnological Tools to Elucidate the Mechanism of Plant and Nematode Interactions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2387. [PMID: 37376010 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a threat to global food security in both the developed and developing worlds. PPNs cause crop losses worth a total of more than USD 150 billion worldwide. The sedentary root-knot nematodes (RKNs) also cause severe damage to various agricultural crops and establish compatible relationships with a broad range of host plants. This review aims to provide a broad overview of the strategies used to identify the morpho-physiological and molecular events that occur during RKN parasitism. It describes the most current developments in the transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic strategies of nematodes, which are important for understanding compatible interactions of plants and nematodes, and several strategies for enhancing plant resistance against RKNs. We will highlight recent rapid advances in molecular strategies, such as gene-silencing technologies, RNA interference (RNAi), and small interfering RNA (siRNA) effector proteins, that are leading to considerable progress in understanding the mechanism of plant-nematode interactions. We also take into account genetic engineering strategies, such as targeted genome editing techniques, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) (CRISPR/Cas-9) system, and quantitative trait loci (QTL), to enhance the resistance of plants against nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Shaohua Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Saba Fatima
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Lukman Ahamad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Wang X, Cheng R, Xu D, Huang R, Li H, Jin L, Wu Y, Tang J, Sun C, Peng D, Chu C, Guo X. MG1 interacts with a protease inhibitor and confers resistance to rice root-knot nematode. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3354. [PMID: 37291108 PMCID: PMC10250356 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) is one of the most destructive pests threatening rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in Asia; however, no rice resistance genes have been cloned. Here, we demonstrate that M. GRAMINICOLA-RESISTANCE GENE 1 (MG1), an R gene highly expressed at the site of nematode invasion, determines resistance against the nematode in several rice varieties. Introgressing MG1 into susceptible varieties increases resistance comparable to resistant varieties, for which the leucine-rich repeat domain is critical for recognizing root-knot nematode invasion. We also report transcriptome and cytological changes that are correlated with a rapid and robust response during the incompatible interaction that occurs in resistant rice upon nematode invasion. Furthermore, we identified a putative protease inhibitor that directly interacts with MG1 during MG1-mediated resistance. Our findings provide insight into the molecular basis of nematode resistance as well as valuable resources for developing rice varieties with improved nematode resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Daochao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Renliang Huang
- Nanchang Subcenter of Rice National Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Rice Physiology and Genetics of Jiangxi Province, Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Haoxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiuyou Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Changhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 625014, China
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Mmbando GS, Ando S, Takahashi H, Hidema J. High ultraviolet-B sensitivity due to lower CPD photolyase activity is needed for biotic stress response to the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00379-4. [PMID: 36729358 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity to ultraviolet-B (UVB, 280-315 nm) radiation varies widely among rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars due to differences in the activity of cyclobutane pyrimidines dimer (CPD) photolyase. Interestingly, cultivars with high UVB sensitivity and low CPD photolyase activity have been domesticated in tropical areas with high UVB radiation. Here, we investigated how differences in CPD photolyase activity affect plant resistance to the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, which is one of the other major stresses. We used Asian and African rice cultivars and transgenic lines with different CPD photolyase activities to evaluate the interaction effects of CPD photolyase activity on resistance to M. oryzae. In UVB-resistant rice plants overexpressing CPD photolyase, 12 h of low-dose UVB (0.4 W m-2) pretreatment enhanced sensitivity to M. oryzae. In contrast, UVB-sensitive rice (transgenic rice with antisense CPD photolyase, A-S; and rice cultivars with low CPD photolyase activity) showed resistance to M. oryzae. Several defense-related genes were upregulated in UVB-sensitive rice compared to UVB-resistant rice. UVB-pretreated A-S plants showed decreased multicellular infection and robust accumulation of reactive oxygen species. High UVB-induced CPD accumulation promoted defense responses and cross-protection mechanisms against rice blast disease. This may indicate a trade-off between high UVB sensitivity and biotic stress tolerance in tropical rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon S Mmbando
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.,Department of Biology, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, P. O. Box 256, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Sugihiro Ando
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Hideki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Jun Hidema
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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Desmedt W, Kudjordjie EN, Chavan SN, Zhang J, Li R, Yang B, Nicolaisen M, Mori M, Peters RJ, Vanholme B, Vestergård M, Kyndt T. Rice diterpenoid phytoalexins are involved in defence against parasitic nematodes and shape rhizosphere nematode communities. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1231-1245. [PMID: 35460590 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice diterpenoid phytoalexins (DPs) are secondary metabolites with a well known role in resistance to foliar pathogens. As DPs are also known to be produced and exuded by rice roots, we hypothesised that they might play an important role in plant-nematode interactions, and particularly in defence against phytoparasitic nematodes. We used transcriptome analysis on rice roots to analyse the effect of infection by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola or treatment with resistance-inducing chemical stimuli on DP biosynthesis genes, and assessed the susceptibility of mutant rice lines impaired in DP biosynthesis to M. graminicola. Moreover, we grew these mutants and their wild-type in field soil and used metabarcoding to assess the effect of impairment in DP biosynthesis on rhizosphere and root nematode communities. We show that M. graminicola suppresses DP biosynthesis genes early in its invasion process and, conversely, that resistance-inducing stimuli transiently induce the biosynthesis of DPs. Moreover, we show that loss of DPs increases susceptibility to M. graminicola. Metabarcoding on wild-type and DP-deficient plants grown in field soil reveals that DPs significantly alter the composition of rhizosphere and root nematode communities. Diterpenoid phytoalexins are important players in basal and inducible defence against nematode pathogens of rice and help shape rice-associated nematode communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Desmedt
- Research Group Epigenetics and Defence, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Enoch Narh Kudjordjie
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Slagelse, 4200, Denmark
| | - Satish Namdeo Chavan
- Research Group Epigenetics and Defence, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - Juan Zhang
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Graduate School, Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100024, China
| | - Riqing Li
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Bing Yang
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Mogens Nicolaisen
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Slagelse, 4200, Denmark
| | - Masaki Mori
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Reuben J Peters
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Bartel Vanholme
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Mette Vestergård
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Slagelse, 4200, Denmark
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Research Group Epigenetics and Defence, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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Identification and Functional Analysis of the Caffeic Acid O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Gene Family in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158491. [PMID: 35955626 PMCID: PMC9369235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of the core enzymes involved in lignin synthesis. However, there is no systematic study on the rice COMT gene family. We identified 33 COMT genes containing the methyltransferase-2 domain in the rice genome using bioinformatic methods and divided them into Group I (a and b) and Group II. Motifs, conserved domains, gene structure and SNPs density are related to the classification of OsCOMTs. The tandem phenomenon plays a key role in the expansion of OsCOMTs. The expression levels of fourteen and thirteen OsCOMTs increased or decreased under salt stress and drought stress, respectively. OsCOMTs showed higher expression levels in the stem. The lignin content of rice was measured in five stages; combined with the expression analysis of OsCOMTs and multiple sequence alignment, we found that OsCOMT8, OsCOMT9 and OsCOMT15 play a key role in the synthesis of lignin. Targeted miRNAs and gene ontology annotation revealed that OsCOMTs were involved in abiotic stress responses. Our study contributes to the analysis of the biological function of OsCOMTs, which may provide information for future rice breeding and editing of the rice genome.
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10
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Kaur G, Yadav IS, Bhatia D, Vikal Y, Neelam K, Dhillon NK, Praba UP, Mangat GS, Singh K. BSA-seq Identifies a Major Locus on Chromosome 6 for Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) Resistance From Oryza glaberrima. Front Genet 2022; 13:871833. [PMID: 35774507 PMCID: PMC9237506 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.871833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) is one of the emerging threats to rice production worldwide that causes substantial yield reductions. There is a progressive shift of the cropping system from traditional transplanting to direct-seeded water-saving rice production that favored the development of M. graminicola. Scouting and deploying new resistance genes is an economical approach to managing the root-knot nematodes. Here, we report that the inheritance of root-knot nematode resistance in Oryza glaberrima acc. IRGC102206 is governed by a single dominant gene. Traditional mapping coupled with BSA-seq is used to map nematode resistance gene(s) using the BC1F1 population derived from a cross of O. sativa cv. PR121 (S) and O. glaberrima acc. IRGC102206 (R). One major novel genomic region spanning a 3.0-Mb interval on chromosome 6 and two minor QTLs on chromosomes 2 and 4 are the potential genomic regions associated with rice root-knot nematode resistance. Within the QTL regions, 19 putative candidate genes contain 81 non-synonymous variants. The detected major candidate region could be fine mapped to accelerate marker-assisted breeding for root-knot nematode resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurwinder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Inderjit Singh Yadav
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Dharminder Bhatia
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Yogesh Vikal
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- *Correspondence: Yogesh Vikal,
| | - Kumari Neelam
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | | | - Umesh Preethi Praba
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Gurjit Singh Mangat
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
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Nguyen HT, Mantelin S, Ha CV, Lorieux M, Jones JT, Mai CD, Bellafiore S. Insights Into the Genetics of the Zhonghua 11 Resistance to Meloidogyne graminicola and Its Molecular Determinism in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:854961. [PMID: 35599898 PMCID: PMC9116194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.854961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Meloidogyne graminicola is a widely spread nematode pest of rice that reduces crop yield up to 20% on average in Asia, with devastating consequences for local and global rice production. Due to the ban on many chemical nematicides and the recent changes in water management practices in rice agriculture, an even greater impact of M. graminicola can be expected in the future, stressing the demand for the development of new sustainable nematode management solutions. Recently, a source of resistance to M. graminicola was identified in the Oryza sativa japonica rice variety Zhonghua 11 (Zh11). In the present study, we examine the genetics of the Zh11 resistance to M. graminicola and provide new insights into its cellular and molecular mechanisms. The segregation of the resistance in F2 hybrid populations indicated that two dominant genes may be contributing to the resistance. The incompatible interaction of M. graminicola in Zh11 was distinguished by a lack of swelling of the root tips normally observed in compatible interactions. At the cellular level, the incompatible interaction was characterised by a rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the vicinity of the nematodes, accompanied by extensive necrosis of neighbouring cells. The expression profiles of several genes involved in plant immunity were analysed at the early stages of infection during compatible (susceptible plant) and incompatible (resistant plant) interactions. Notably, the expression of OsAtg4 and OsAtg7, significantly increased in roots of resistant plants in parallel with the cell death response, suggesting that autophagy is activated and may contribute to the resistance-mediated hypersensitive response. Similarly, transcriptional regulation of genes involved in hormonal pathways in Zh11 indicated that salicylate signalling may be important in the resistance response towards M. graminicola. Finally, the nature of the resistance to M. graminicola and the potential exploitation of the Zh11 resistance for breeding are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hue Thi Nguyen
- LMI RICE-2, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Sophie Mantelin
- Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) UMR 1355 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Cuong Viet Ha
- Research Center of Tropical Plant Disease, Vietnam National University of Agriculture (VNUA), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mathias Lorieux
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - John T. Jones
- The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Chung Duc Mai
- LMI RICE-2, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Stéphane Bellafiore
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, University of Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
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12
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Soares MR, Carneiro RM, Dias-Arieira CR. Response of different crops and weeds to three biotypes of Meloidogyne graminicola: crop rotation and succession strategies for irrigated rice fields. NEMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Rice, one of the most consumed cereal crops worldwide, is commonly grown under flooded conditions, which directly influences the nematode community. Meloidogyne graminicola is the predominant species in rice fields, causing significant damage and requiring integrated management practices. This study aimed to investigate the response of different Poaceae crops, soybean, and common weeds of rice to three biotypes of M. graminicola (G1, G2 and G3) recently detected in Brazil. The highest reproduction factor (RF) for the three nematode populations was detected in the weeds Echinochloa colonum and E. crus-galli, followed by rice and Italian ryegrass. Wheat ‘TBio Sonic’ and millet ‘ADR 500’ served as poor hosts to the nematodes, whereas black oat, white oat, signalgrass, millet ‘ADR 905’, maize, wheat ‘TBio Toruk’, and soybean acted as non-hosts (RF < 1) in both experiments. Of the three M. graminicola biotypes, G1 was the most aggressive, followed by G3 and G2 (lowest RF values). The findings of the current study can support the selection of crop rotation or succession approaches for the management of different biotypes of M. graminicola in irrigated rice fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra R.C. Soares
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), bloco J35, Avenida Columbus, 5790, Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia R. Dias-Arieira
- Department of Agronomy/Nematology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Umuarama, campus (CAU), Estrada Paca, São Cristóvão, Umuarama, Paraná, 87507-190, Brazil
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13
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NBS-LRR-WRKY genes and protease inhibitors (PIs) seem essential for cowpea resistance to root-knot nematode. J Proteomics 2022; 261:104575. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Kamali S, Javadmanesh A, Stelinski LL, Kyndt T, Seifi A, Cheniany M, Zaki-Aghl M, Hosseini M, Heydarpour M, Asili J, Karimi J. Beneficial worm allies warn plants of parasite attack below-ground and reduce above-ground herbivore preference and performance. Mol Ecol 2021; 31:691-712. [PMID: 34706125 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antagonistic interactions among different functional guilds of nematodes have been recognized for quite some time, but the underlying explanatory mechanisms are unclear. We investigated responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) to two functional guilds of nematodes-plant parasite (Meloidogyne javanica) and entomopathogens (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema feltiae below-ground, and S. carpocapsae)-as well as a leaf mining insect (Tuta absoluta) above-ground. Our results indicate that entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs): (1) reduced root knot nematode (RKN) infestation below-ground, (2) reduced herbivore (T. absoluta) host preference and performance above-ground, and (3) induced overlapping plant defence responses by rapidly activating polyphenol oxidase and guaiacol peroxidase activity in roots, but simultaneously suppressing this activity in above-ground tissues. Concurrently, we investigated potential plant signalling mechanisms underlying these interactions using transcriptome analyses. We found that both entomopathogens and plant parasites triggered immune responses in plant roots with shared gene expression. Secondary metabolite transcripts induced in response to the two nematode functional guilds were generally overlapping and showed an analogous profile of regulation. Likewise, we show that EPNs modulate plant defence against RKN invasion, in part, by suppressing active expression of antioxidant enzymes. Inoculations of roots with EPN triggered an immune response in tomato via upregulated phenylpropanoid metabolism and synthesis of protease inhibitors in plant tissues, which may explain decreased egg laying and developmental performance exhibited by herbivores on EPN-inoculated plants. Furthermore, changes induced in the volatile organic compound-related transcriptome indicated that M. javanica and/or S. carpocapsae inoculation of plants triggered both direct and indirect defences. Our results support the hypothesis that plants "mistake" subterranean EPNs for parasites, and these otherwise beneficial worms activate a battery of plant defences associated with systemic acquired resistance and/or induced systemic resistance with concomitant antagonistic effects on temporally co-occurring subterranean plant pathogenic nematodes and terrestrial herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoofeh Kamali
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Javadmanesh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lukasz L Stelinski
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, Florida, USA
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alireza Seifi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Monireh Cheniany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zaki-Aghl
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hosseini
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahyar Heydarpour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Javad Asili
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Karimi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Xu L, Xiao L, Xiao Y, Peng D, Xiao X, Huang W, Gheysen G, Wang G. Plasmodesmata play pivotal role in sucrose supply to Meloidogyne graminicola-caused giant cells in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:539-550. [PMID: 33723908 PMCID: PMC8035636 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
On infection, plant-parasitic nematodes establish feeding sites in roots from which they take up carbohydrates among other nutrients. Knowledge on how carbohydrates are supplied to the nematodes' feeding sites is limited. Here, gene expression analyses showed that RNA levels of OsSWEET11 to OsSWEET15 were extremely low in both Meloidogyne graminicola (Mg)-caused galls and noninoculated roots. All the rice sucrose transporter genes, OsSUT1 to OsSUT5, were either down-regulated in Mg-caused galls compared with noninoculated rice roots or had very low transcript abundance. OsSUT1 was the only gene up-regulated in galls, at 14 days postinoculation (dpi), after being highly down-regulated at 3 and 7 dpi. OsSUT4 was down-regulated at 3 dpi. No noticeable OsSUTs promoter activities were detected in Mg-caused galls of pOsSUT1 to -5::GUS rice lines. Loading experiments with carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) demonstrated that symplastic connections exist between phloem and Mg-caused giant cells (GCs). According to data from OsGNS5- and OsGSL2-overexpressing rice plants that had decreased and increased callose deposition, respectively, callose negatively affected Mg parasitism and sucrose supply to Mg-caused GCs. Our results suggest that plasmodesmata-mediated sucrose transport plays a pivotal role in sucrose supply from rice root phloem to Mg-caused GCs, and OsSWEET11 to -15 and OsSUTs are not major players in it, although further functional analysis is needed for OsSUT1 and OsSUT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li‐he Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Li‐ying Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yan‐nong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - De‐liang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural ScienceBeijingChina
| | - Xue‐qiong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wen‐kun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural ScienceBeijingChina
| | - Godelieve Gheysen
- Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Gao‐feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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16
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Dash M, Somvanshi VS, Budhwar R, Godwin J, Shukla RN, Rao U. A rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola-resistant mutant rice line shows early expression of plant-defence genes. PLANTA 2021; 253:108. [PMID: 33866432 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in a mutant rice line is suggested to be conferred by higher expression of several genes putatively involved in damage-associated molecular pattern recognition, secondary metabolite biosynthesis including phytoalexins, and defence-related genes. Meloidogyne graminicola has emerged as the most destructive plant-parasitic nematode disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genetic resistance to M. graminicola is one of the most effective methods for its management. A M. graminicola-resistant O. sativa ssp. indica mutant line-9 was previously identified through a forward genetic screen (Hatzade et al. Biologia 74:1197-1217, 2019). In the present study, we used RNA-Sequencing to investigate the molecular mechanisms conferring nematode resistance to the mutant line-9 compared to the susceptible parent JBT 36/14 at 24 h post-infection. A total of 674 transcripts were differentially expressed in line-9. Early regulation of genes putatively related to nematode damage-associated molecular pattern recognition (e.g., wall-associated receptor kinases), signalling [Nucleotide-binding, Leucine-Rich Repeat (NLRs)], pathogenesis-related (PR) genes (PR1, PR10a), defence-related genes (NB-ARC domain-containing genes), as well as a large number of genes involved in secondary metabolites including diterpenoid biosynthesis (CPS2, OsKSL4, OsKSL10, Oscyp71Z2, oryzalexin synthase, and momilactone A synthase) was observed in M. graminicola-resistant mutant line-9. It may be suggested that after the nematode juveniles penetrate the roots of line-9, early recognition of invading nematodes triggers plant immune responses mediated by phytoalexins, and other defence proteins such as PR proteins inhibit nematode growth and reproduction. Our study provides the first transcriptomic comparison of nematode-resistant and susceptible rice plants in the same genetic background and adds to the understanding of mechanisms underlying plant-nematode resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoranjan Dash
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Vishal Singh Somvanshi
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Roli Budhwar
- Bionivid Technology Private Limited, 209, 4th Cross, Kasturi Nagar, Bangalore, 560043, India
| | - Jeffrey Godwin
- Bionivid Technology Private Limited, 209, 4th Cross, Kasturi Nagar, Bangalore, 560043, India
| | - Rohit N Shukla
- Bionivid Technology Private Limited, 209, 4th Cross, Kasturi Nagar, Bangalore, 560043, India
| | - Uma Rao
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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17
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Masson AS, Ho Bich H, Simonin M, Nguyen Thi H, Czernic P, Moulin L, Bellafiore S. Deep modifications of the microbiome of rice roots infected by the parasitic nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in highly infested fields in Vietnam. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5846042. [PMID: 32453398 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Meloidogyne graminicola, also known as the rice root-knot nematode, is one of the most damaging plant-parasitic nematode, especially on rice. This obligate soilborne parasite induces the formation of galls that disturb the root morphology and physiology. Its impact on the root microbiome is still not well described. Here, we conducted a survey in Northern Vietnam where we collected infected (with galls) and non-infected root tips from the same plants in three naturally infested fields. Using a metabarcoding approach, we discovered that M. graminicola infection caused modifications of the root bacterial community composition and network structure. Interestingly, we observed in infected roots a higher diversity and species richness (+24% observed ESVs) as well as a denser and more complex co-occurrence network (+44% nodes and +136% links). We identified enriched taxa that include several hubs, which could serve as potential indicators or biocontrol agents of the nematode infection. Moreover, the community of infected roots is more specific suggesting changes in the functional capabilities to survive in the gall environment. We thus describe the signature of the gall microbiome (the 'gallobiome') with shifting abundances and enrichments that lead to a strong restructuration of the root microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai Ho Bich
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Marie Simonin
- IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France.,IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Hue Nguyen Thi
- Laboratoire Mixte International RICE2, Agriculture Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Lionel Moulin
- IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France
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18
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Petitot AS, Dereeper A, Da Silva C, Guy J, Fernandez D. Analyses of the Root-Knot Nematode ( Meloidogyne graminicola) Transcriptome during Host Infection Highlight Specific Gene Expression Profiling in Resistant Rice Plants. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9080644. [PMID: 32784493 PMCID: PMC7460394 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9080644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne graminicola causes considerable damages to rice (Oryza sativa) culture. Resistance to M. graminicola in the related species Oryza glaberrima reduces root penetration by juveniles and stops further nematode development. M. graminicola genes expressed during O. sativa infection were previously characterized but no information is available about the molecular dialogue established with a resistant plant. We compared the M. graminicola transcriptomes of stage-two juveniles (J2s) before and during infection of susceptible or resistant rice. Among 36,121 M. graminicola genes surveyed, 367 were differentially expressed during infection of resistant or susceptible plants. Genes encoding cell wall-degrading enzymes, peptidases and neuropeptides were expressed for a longer time in resistant plants compared to susceptible plants. Conversely, genes related to nematode development were not activated in the resistant host. The majority of M. graminicola effector genes had similar expression patterns, whatever the host genotype. However, two venom allergen-like protein (VAP)-encoding genes were specifically induced in resistant plants and Mg-VAP1 silencing in J2s reduced their ability to colonize roots. This study highlighted that M. graminicola adapts its gene expression to the host susceptibility. Further investigation is required to assess the role of Mg-VAPs in the rice-nematode interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Petitot
- IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, IPME, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.D.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexis Dereeper
- IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, IPME, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.D.); (D.F.)
| | - Corinne Da Silva
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France; (C.D.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Julie Guy
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France; (C.D.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Diana Fernandez
- IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, IPME, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.D.); (D.F.)
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19
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Xiang C, Yang X, Peng D, Kang H, Liu M, Li W, Huang W, Liu S. Proteome-Wide Analyses Provide New Insights into the Compatible Interaction of Rice with the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165640. [PMID: 32781661 PMCID: PMC7460654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is an important pathogen in rice, causing huge yield losses annually worldwide. Details of the interaction between rice and M. graminicola and the resistance genes in rice still remain unclear. In this study, proteome-wide analyses of the compatible interaction of the japonica rice cultivar “Nipponbare” (NPB) with M. graminicola were performed. In total, 6072 proteins were identified in NPB roots with and without infection of M. graminicola by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. Of these, 513 specifically or significantly differentially expressed proteins were identified to be uniquely caused by nematode infection. Among these unique proteins, 99 proteins were enriched on seven Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. By comparison of protein expression and gene transcription, LOC_Os01g06600 (ACX, a glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase), LOC_Os09g23560 (CAD, a cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase), LOC_Os03g39850 (GST, a glutathione S-transferase) and LOC_Os11g11960 (RPM1, a disease resistance protein) on the alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism and plant–pathogen interaction pathways, respectively, were all associated with disease defense and identified to be significantly down-regulated in the compatible interaction of NPB with nematodes, while the corresponding genes were remarkably up-regulated in the roots of a resistant rice accession “Khao Pahk Maw” with infection of nematodes. These four genes likely played important roles in the compatible interaction of rice with M. graminicola. Conversely, these disease defense-related genes were hypothesized to be likely involved in the resistance of resistant rice lines to this nematode. The proteome-wide analyses provided many new insights into the interaction of rice with M. graminicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (D.P.); (H.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic, Changsha 410127, China;
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (D.P.); (H.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Houxiang Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (D.P.); (H.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Maoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (D.P.); (H.K.); (M.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Wei Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Wenkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (D.P.); (H.K.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Shiming Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (D.P.); (H.K.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (S.L.)
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20
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Mota APZ, Fernandez D, Arraes FBM, Petitot AS, de Melo BP, de Sa MEL, Grynberg P, Saraiva MAP, Guimaraes PM, Brasileiro ACM, Albuquerque EVS, Danchin EGJ, Grossi-de-Sa MF. Evolutionarily conserved plant genes responsive to root-knot nematodes identified by comparative genomics. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:1063-1078. [PMID: 32333171 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01677-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs, genus Meloidogyne) affect a large number of crops causing severe yield losses worldwide, more specifically in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Several plant species display high resistance levels to Meloidogyne, but a general view of the plant immune molecular responses underlying resistance to RKNs is still lacking. Combining comparative genomics with differential gene expression analysis may allow the identification of widely conserved plant genes involved in RKN resistance. To identify genes that are evolutionary conserved across plant species, we used OrthoFinder to compared the predicted proteome of 22 plant species, including important crops, spanning 214 Myr of plant evolution. Overall, we identified 35,238 protein orthogroups, of which 6,132 were evolutionarily conserved and universal to all the 22 plant species (PLAnts Common Orthogroups-PLACO). To identify host genes responsive to RKN infection, we analyzed the RNA-seq transcriptome data from RKN-resistant genotypes of a peanut wild relative (Arachis stenosperma), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), soybean (Glycine max L.), and African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) challenged by Meloidogyne spp. using EdgeR and DESeq tools, and we found 2,597 (O. glaberrima), 743 (C. arabica), 665 (A. stenosperma), and 653 (G. max) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the resistance response to the nematode. DEGs' classification into the previously characterized 35,238 protein orthogroups allowed identifying 17 orthogroups containing at least one DEG of each resistant Arachis, coffee, soybean, and rice genotype analyzed. Orthogroups contain 364 DEGs related to signaling, secondary metabolite production, cell wall-related functions, peptide transport, transcription regulation, and plant defense, thus revealing evolutionarily conserved RKN-responsive genes. Interestingly, the 17 DEGs-containing orthogroups (belonging to the PLACO) were also universal to the 22 plant species studied, suggesting that these core genes may be involved in ancestrally conserved immune responses triggered by RKN infection. The comparative genomic approach that we used here represents a promising predictive tool for the identification of other core plant defense-related genes of broad interest that are involved in different plant-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Zotta Mota
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, UFRGS, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Diana Fernandez
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, IPME, 911, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabricio B M Arraes
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, UFRGS, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Paes de Melo
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular/Bioagro, UFV, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Maria E Lisei de Sa
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, EPAMIG, Uberaba-MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Fatima Grossi-de-Sa
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-DF, Brazil.
- Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil.
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Mattos VS, Leite RR, Cares JE, Gomes ACMM, Moita AW, Lobo VLS, Carneiro RMDG. Oryza glumaepatula, a New Source of Resistance to Meloidogyne graminicola and Histological Characterization of Its Defense Mechanisms. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:1941-1948. [PMID: 31215839 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-19-0044-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Meloidogyne graminicola causes significant damage to rice fields worldwide. Sources of resistance to M. graminicola reported in Oryza sativa are limited. Resistance to this species has been found in other Oryza species such as O. glaberrima and O. longistaminata. This study aimed to evaluate the reaction of four wild species of Oryza from the Embrapa Rice and Bean Germplasm Bank (Goiás, Brazil) to a pool of M. graminicola populations and determine the resistance mechanism in O. glumaepatula. Two genotypes of O. glaberrima, one of O. alta, three of O. glumaepatula, one of O. grandiglumis, one of O. longistaminata, and one of O. sativa (control) were included in the study. The results showed that O. glumaepatula was highly resistant (reproduction factor [RF] < 1). O. glaberrima, O. alta, and O. grandiglumis were considered moderately resistant. O. longistaminata was susceptible, although values of RF remained lower than the control O. sativa 'BR-IRGA 410', considered highly susceptible. Histological observations on the interaction of O. glumaepatula and M. graminicola showed reduced penetration of second-stage juveniles (J2s) when this resistant wild accession was compared with O. sativa. An intense hypersensitivity response-like reaction occurred at 2 days after inoculation in the root cortex of the resistant accession. Few J2s established in the central cylinder, and rare collapsed giant cells were observed surrounded by degenerate females. Fluorescence microscopy in O. glumaepatula revealed giant cells and the female body presumably exhibiting accumulation of phenolic compounds. Our study suggests that wild rice accessions, especially from the AA genotype (e.g., O. glumaepatula), are of great interest for use in future breeding programs with Oryza spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa S Mattos
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, 70849-970 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Raycenne R Leite
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, 70849-970 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Juvenil E Cares
- Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina M M Gomes
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, 70849-970 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Antonio W Moita
- Embrapa Hortaliças, 70359-970 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | - Regina M D G Carneiro
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, 70849-970 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Sun X, Zhang L, Tang Z, Shi X, Ma J, Cui R. Transcriptome analysis of roots from resistant and susceptible rice varieties infected with Hirschmanniella mucronata. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1968-1982. [PMID: 31571430 PMCID: PMC6823281 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hirschmanniella mucronata is a plant-parasitic nematode that is widespread in rice production areas and causes 10-25% yield losses a year on average. Here, we investigated the mechanism of resistance to this nematode by comparing the transcriptomes of roots from resistant (Jiabali) and susceptible (Bawangbian) varieties of rice. Of 39 233 unigenes, 2243. exhibited altered total expression levels between control and infected resistant and susceptible varieties. Significant differences were observed in the expression levels of genes related to stress, peptidase regulation or inhibition, oxidoreductase activity, peroxidase activity and antioxidant activity. The up-regulated genes related to plant secondary metabolites, such as phenylpropanoid, lignin, cellulose or hemicellulose, may result in an increase in the degree of resistance of Jiabali to the H. mucronata infection compared with that of Bawangbian by affecting cell wall organization or biogenesis. Of the genes that responded similarly to H. mucronata infection, ~252 (~76.59%) showed greater changes (whether induced or suppressed) in RN155 (susceptible varieties infected by rice root nematode) than in RN51 (resistance varieties infected by rice root nematode). Nineteen pathogenesis-related genes belonging to nine pathogenesis-related gene families were significantly induced by H. mucronata in the infected roots of Jiabali and Bawangbian, and 13 differentially expressed genes showed changes in their abundance only in the susceptible Bawangbian variety. This study may help enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant resistance to nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotang Sun
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ziqing Tang
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xugen Shi
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Ma
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruqiang Cui
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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23
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Advances in Molecular Genetics and Genomics of African Rice ( Oryza glaberrima Steud). PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100376. [PMID: 31561516 PMCID: PMC6843444 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
African rice (Oryza glaberrima) has a pool of genes for resistance to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, making it an important genetic resource for rice improvement. African rice has potential for breeding for climate resilience and adapting rice cultivation to climate change. Over the last decade, there have been tremendous technological and analytical advances in genomics that have dramatically altered the landscape of rice research. Here we review the remarkable advances in knowledge that have been witnessed in the last few years in the area of genetics and genomics of African rice. Advances in cheap DNA sequencing technologies have fuelled development of numerous genomic and transcriptomic resources. Genomics has been pivotal in elucidating the genetic architecture of important traits thereby providing a basis for unlocking important trait variation. Whole genome re-sequencing studies have provided great insights on the domestication process, though key studies continue giving conflicting conclusions and theories. However, the genomic resources of African rice appear to be under-utilized as there seems to be little evidence that these vast resources are being productively exploited for example in practical rice improvement programmes. Challenges in deploying African rice genetic resources in rice improvement and the genomics efforts made in addressing them are highlighted.
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Cereal Root Interactions with Soilborne Pathogens—From Trait to Gene and Back. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9040188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Realizing the yield potential of crop plants in the presence of shifting pathogen populations, soil quality, rainfall, and other agro-environmental variables remains a challenge for growers and breeders worldwide. In this review, we discuss current approaches for combatting the soilborne phytopathogenic nematodes, Pratylenchus and Heterodera of wheat and barley, and Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfield, 1965 of rice. The necrotrophic fungal pathogens, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn 1858 AG-8 and Fusarium spp. of wheat and barley, also are discussed. These pathogens constitute major causes of yield loss in small-grain cereals of the Pacific Northwest, USA and throughout the world. Current topics include new sources of genetic resistance, molecular leads from whole genome sequencing and genome-wide patterns of hosts, nematode or fungal gene expression during root-pathogen interactions, host-induced gene silencing, and building a molecular toolbox of genes and regulatory sequences for deployment of resistance genes. In conclusion, improvement of wheat, barley, and rice will require multiple approaches.
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25
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Combinatorial Interactions of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Plants and Their Molecular Mechanisms: Systems Biology Approach. Mol Biotechnol 2018; 60:636-650. [PMID: 29943149 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-018-0100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plants are continually facing biotic and abiotic stresses, and hence, they need to respond and adapt to survive. Plant response during multiple and combined biotic and abiotic stresses is highly complex and varied than the individual stress. These stresses resulted alteration of plant behavior through regulating the levels of microRNA, heat shock proteins, epigenetic variations. These variations can cause many adverse effects on the growth and development of the plant. Further, in natural conditions, several abiotic stresses causing factors make the plant more susceptible to pathogens infections and vice-versa. A very intricate and multifaceted interactions of various biomolecules are involved in metabolic pathways that can direct towards a cross-tolerance and improvement of plant's defence system. Systems biology approach plays a significant role in the investigation of these molecular interactions. The valuable information obtained by systems biology will help to develop stress-resistant plant varieties against multiple stresses. Thus, this review aims to decipher various multilevel interactions at the molecular level under combinatorial biotic and abiotic stresses and the role of systems biology to understand these molecular interactions.
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Wang X, Cheng C, Zhang K, Tian Z, Xu J, Yang S, Lou Q, Li J, Chen JF. Comparative transcriptomics reveals suppressed expression of genes related to auxin and the cell cycle contributes to the resistance of cucumber against Meloidogyne incognita. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:583. [PMID: 30075750 PMCID: PMC6090858 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meloidogyne incognita is a devastating nematode that causes significant losses in cucumber production worldwide. Although numerous studies have emphasized on the susceptible response of plants after nematode infection, the exact regulation mechanism of M. incognita-resistance in cucumber remains elusive. Verification of an introgression line, 'IL10-1', with M. incognita-resistance provides the opportunity to unravel the resistance mechanism of cucumber against M. incognita. RESULTS In the present study, analyses of physiological responses and transcriptional events between IL10-1 (resistant line) and CC3 (susceptible line) were conducted after M. incognita infection. Physiological observations showed abnormal development of giant cells and M. incognita in IL10-1, which were the primary differences compared with CC3. Furthermore, Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that genes encoding cell wall proteins were up-regulated in IL10-1 and that the highly expressed lipid transfer protein gene (Csa6G410090) might be the principal regulator of this up-regulation. Simultaneously, analyses of gene expression profiles revealed more auxin-related genes were suppressed in IL10-1 than in those of CC3, which corresponded with the lower level of indole acetic acid (IAA) in the roots of IL10-1 than in those of CC3. Additionally, poor nucleus development as a clear indication of abnormal giant cells in IL10-1 was related to inhibition of the cell cycle. Of those genes related to the cell cycle, the F-box domain Skp2-like genes were down-regulated in IL10-1, whereas more of these genes were up-regulated in CC3. CONCLUSIONS All of these findings indicate that suppressed expression of genes related to auxin and the cell cycle and highly expressed cell wall proteins play important roles in the abnormal development of giant cells, which hinders the development of M. incognita, thereby causing resistance to M. incognita in IL10-1. Knowledge from this research will provide a useful foundation for developing effective strategies in M. incognita-resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Chunyan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Kaijing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zhen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shuqiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Qunfeng Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Ji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jin-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Phan NT, De Waele D, Lorieux M, Xiong L, Bellafiore S. A Hypersensitivity-Like Response to Meloidogyne graminicola in Rice (Oryza sativa). PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2018; 108:521-528. [PMID: 29161206 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-17-0235-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Meloidogyne graminicola is a major plant-parasitic nematode affecting rice cultivation in Asia. Resistance to this nematode was found in the African rice genotypes Oryza glaberrima and O. longistaminata; however, due to interspecific hybrid sterility, the introgression of resistance genes in the widely consumed O. sativa varieties remains challenging. Recently, resistance was found in O. sativa and, here, we report for the first time the histological and genetic characterization of the resistance to M. graminicola in Zhonghua 11, an O. sativa variety. Bright-light microscopy and fluorescence observations of the root tissue of this variety revealed that the root cells surrounding the nematode displayed a hypersensitivity-like reaction with necrotic cells at early stages of infection when nematodes are migrating in the root's mesoderm. An accumulation of presumably phenolic compounds in the nematodes' neighboring root cells was also observed. In addition, at a later stage of infection, not only were few feeding sites observed but also the giant cells were underdeveloped, underlining an incompatible interaction. Furthermore, we generated a hybrid O. sativa population by crossing Zhonghua 11 with the susceptible O. sativa variety IR64 in order to describe the genetic background of this resistance. Our data suggested that the resistance to M. graminicola infection was qualitative rather than quantitative and, therefore, major resistance genes must be involved in this infection process. The full characterization of the defense mechanism and the preliminary study of the genetic inheritance of novel sources of resistance to Meloidogyne spp. in rice constitute a major step toward their use in crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngan Thi Phan
- First author: Laboratoire Mixte International (LMI) RICE2, Agriculture Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam, and IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; second author: Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Willem De Croylaan 42, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; and Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, 56405, Private Bag X6001, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa; third author: Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), CIRAD, University of Montpellier, DIADE, Montpellier, France; fourth author: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 47895, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; and fifth author: IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; and LMI RICE2, AGI, Hanoi
| | - Dirk De Waele
- First author: Laboratoire Mixte International (LMI) RICE2, Agriculture Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam, and IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; second author: Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Willem De Croylaan 42, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; and Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, 56405, Private Bag X6001, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa; third author: Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), CIRAD, University of Montpellier, DIADE, Montpellier, France; fourth author: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 47895, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; and fifth author: IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; and LMI RICE2, AGI, Hanoi
| | - Mathias Lorieux
- First author: Laboratoire Mixte International (LMI) RICE2, Agriculture Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam, and IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; second author: Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Willem De Croylaan 42, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; and Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, 56405, Private Bag X6001, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa; third author: Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), CIRAD, University of Montpellier, DIADE, Montpellier, France; fourth author: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 47895, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; and fifth author: IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; and LMI RICE2, AGI, Hanoi
| | - Lizhong Xiong
- First author: Laboratoire Mixte International (LMI) RICE2, Agriculture Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam, and IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; second author: Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Willem De Croylaan 42, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; and Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, 56405, Private Bag X6001, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa; third author: Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), CIRAD, University of Montpellier, DIADE, Montpellier, France; fourth author: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 47895, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; and fifth author: IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; and LMI RICE2, AGI, Hanoi
| | - Stephane Bellafiore
- First author: Laboratoire Mixte International (LMI) RICE2, Agriculture Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam, and IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; second author: Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Willem De Croylaan 42, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; and Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, 56405, Private Bag X6001, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa; third author: Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), CIRAD, University of Montpellier, DIADE, Montpellier, France; fourth author: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 47895, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; and fifth author: IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France; and LMI RICE2, AGI, Hanoi
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Castañeda NEN, Alves GSC, Almeida RM, Amorim EP, Fortes Ferreira C, Togawa RC, Costa MMDC, Grynberg P, Santos JRP, Cares JE, Miller RNG. Gene expression analysis in Musa acuminata during compatible interactions with Meloidogyne incognita. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2017; 119:915-930. [PMID: 28130221 PMCID: PMC5604581 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoparasitic root-knot nematodes (RKNs) ( Meloidogyne spp.) cause considerable losses in banana ( Musa spp.), with Meloidogyne incognita a predominant species in Cavendish sub-group bananas. This study investigates the root transcriptome in Musa acuminata genotypes 4297-06 (AA) and Cavendish Grande Naine (CAV; AAA) during early compatible interactions with M. incognita . METHODS Roots were analysed by brightfield light microscopy over a 35 d period to examine nematode penetration and morphological cell transformation. RNA samples were extracted 3, 7 and 10 days after inoculation (DAI) with nematode J2 juveniles, and cDNA libraries were sequenced using lllumina HiSeq technology. Sequences were mapped to the M. acuminata ssp. malaccensis var. Pahang genome sequence, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified and transcript representation determined by gene set enrichment and pathway mapping. KEY RESULTS Microscopic analysis revealed a life cycle of M. incognita completing in 24 d in CAV and 27 d in 4279-06. Comparable numbers of DEGs were up- and downregulated in each genotype, with potential involvement of many in early host defence responses involving reactive oxygen species and jasmonate/ethylene signalling. DEGs revealed concomitant auxin metabolism and cell wall modification processes likely to be involved in giant cell formation. Notable transcripts related to host defence included those coding for leucine-rich repeat receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinases, peroxidases, thaumatin-like pathogenesis-related proteins, and DREB, ERF, MYB, NAC and WRKY transcription factors. Transcripts related to giant cell development included indole acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.8 genes, involved in auxin metabolism, as well as genes encoding expansins and hydrolases, involved in cell wall modification. CONCLUSIONS Expression analysis in M. acuminata during compatible interactions with RKNs provides insights into genes modulated during infection and giant cell formation. Increased understanding of both defence responses to limit parasitism during compatible interactions and effector-targeted host genes in this complex interaction will facilitate the development of genetic improvement measures for RKNs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosane Mansan Almeida
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 70910-900, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Edson Perito Amorim
- Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits, CEP 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Coiti Togawa
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, CP 02372, CEP 70770-917, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcos Mota Do Carmo Costa
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, CP 02372, CEP 70770-917, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Priscila Grynberg
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, CP 02372, CEP 70770-917, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Juvenil Enrique Cares
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 70910-900, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Robert Neil Gerard Miller
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 70910-900, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- For correspondence. E-mail
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Miller RNG, Costa Alves GS, Van Sluys MA. Plant immunity: unravelling the complexity of plant responses to biotic stresses. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2017; 119:681-687. [PMID: 28375427 PMCID: PMC5378191 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants are constantly exposed to evolving pathogens and pests, with crop losses representing a considerable threat to global food security. As pathogen evolution can overcome disease resistance that is conferred by individual plant resistance genes, an enhanced understanding of the plant immune system is necessary for the long-term development of effective disease management strategies. Current research is rapidly advancing our understanding of the plant innate immune system, with this multidisciplinary subject area reflected in the content of the 18 papers in this Special Issue. SCOPE Advances in specific areas of plant innate immunity are highlighted in this issue, with focus on molecular interactions occurring between plant hosts and viruses, bacteria, phytoplasmas, oomycetes, fungi, nematodes and insect pests. We provide a focus on research across multiple areas related to pathogen sensing and plant immune response. Topics covered are categorized as follows: binding proteins in plant immunity; cytokinin phytohormones in plant growth and immunity; plant-virus interactions; plant-phytoplasma interactions; plant-fungus interactions; plant-nematode interactions; plant immunity in Citrus; plant peptides and volatiles; and assimilate dynamics in source/sink metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Although knowledge of the plant immune system remains incomplete, the considerable ongoing scientific progress into pathogen sensing and plant immune response mechanisms suggests far reaching implications for the development of durable disease resistance against pathogens and pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Neil Gerard Miller
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, 70910-900, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- For correspondence. Email
| | | | - Marie-Anne Van Sluys
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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