1
|
Zhou Y, Zhang G. Competitive Advantage of Broussonetia papyrifera Growing in a Native Area as Suggested by Structural Diversity. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1410. [PMID: 37998009 PMCID: PMC10669469 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) is currently an invasive species on several continents. However, little is known about whether paper mulberry has a competitive advantage over its surrounding trees in its native distribution range, subtropical regions of China. Here, we determined the relative intraspecific and interspecific competitive capacity of paper mulberry in three subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forests using the indices of structural diversity including the mixing index, the tree-tree interval index, and the diameter/height differentiation index. It was found that more than 80% of mingling index values were not greater than 0.25, suggesting a stronger competitiveness of paper mulberry relative to other tree species. The tree-tree interval index values ranged between 1 m and 2 m, suggesting a strong competition between paper mulberry and its neighbors. Moreover, more than 60% of the height differentiation index and diameter differentiation index values were positive, suggesting that the reference paper mulberry had a slight competitive advantage over neighboring trees in both the horizontal and vertical planes. These collectively suggest a competitive advantage over other tree species in the native distribution range, which may play a significant role in the ecological invasion of paper mulberry. Our findings not only help to reveal the invasion mechanism of paper mulberry, but also provide an important reference for the management and utilization of paper mulberry in invaded areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Guangfu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang J, Chu Q, Meng G, Kong W. The complete chloroplast genome sequences of three Broussonetia species and comparative analysis within the Moraceae. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14293. [PMID: 36340196 PMCID: PMC9632464 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Species of Broussonetia (family Moraceae) are commonly used to make textiles and high-grade paper. The distribution of Broussonetia papyrifera L. is considered to be related to the spread and location of humans. The complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of B. papyrifera, Broussonetia kazinoki Sieb., and Broussonetia kaempferi Sieb. were analyzed to better understand the status and evolutionary biology of the genus Broussonetia. Methods The cp genomes were assembled and characterized using SOAPdenovo2 and DOGMA. Phylogenetic and molecular dating analysis were performed using the concatenated nucleotide sequences of 35 species in the Moraceae family and were based on 66 protein-coding genes (PCGs). An analysis of the sequence divergence (pi) of each PCG among the 35 cp genomes was conducted using DnaSP v6. Codon usage indices were calculated using the CodonW program. Results All three cp genomes had the typical land plant quadripartite structure, ranging in size from 160,239 bp to 160,841 bp. The ribosomal protein L22 gene (RPL22) was either incomplete or missing in all three Broussonetia species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two clades. Clade 1 included Morus and Artocarpus, whereas clade 2 included the other seven genera. Malaisia scandens Lour. was clustered within the genus Broussonetia. The differentiation of Broussonetia was estimated to have taken place 26 million years ago. The PCGs' pi values ranged from 0.0005 to 0.0419, indicating small differences within the Moraceae family. The distribution of most of the genes in the effective number of codons plot (ENc-plot) fell on or near the trend line; the slopes of the trend line of neutrality plots were within the range of 0.0363-0.171. These results will facilitate the identification, taxonomy, and utilization of the Broussonetia species and further the evolutionary studies of the Moraceae family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Ankang University, Ankang, China
| | - Qu Chu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Ankang University, Ankang, China
| | - Gang Meng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Ankang University, Ankang, China
| | - Weiqing Kong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture, Ankang University, Ankang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
An Efficient Propagation System through Root Cuttings of an Ecological and Economic Value Plant—Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hér. ex Vent. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11111423. [PMID: 35684195 PMCID: PMC9183040 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hér. ex Vent. has considerable economic and ecological value and a long history of use in China. In this paper, root cuttings were used as the material to establish an efficient vegetative propagation of B. papyrifera. The results revealed that root segments with a diameter of 1.5~2.0 cm and a length of 20~30 cm were most suitable for shoot regeneration, as these segments had the highest adventitious shoot induction rates (93.3%), strongest adventitious shoots, and highest multiplication coefficients (7.07). With regard to the methods used for root burial, a horizontal burial at a depth of 1~3 cm yielded the best results, in this case, the adventitious shoot induction rate can reach 86.7%. The best substrate combination was perlite: peat: coconut chaff = 1:1:1 (v/v/v), wherein the adventitious shoot induction rate can reach 75.6%. The best sterilization method was mixing soil with carbendazim and soaking the root sections in carbendazim for 30 min, wherein the adventitious shoot induction rate can reach 77.8%. Adding 0.2 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) to 1/4 Hoagland nutrient solution significantly improved the rooting rate of adventitious shoots to 82.2%, and the survival rate of the acclimatized plants was more than 90.0%.
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang Y, Li J, Yang Z, An W, Xie C, Liu S, Zheng X. Comprehensive analysis of complete chloroplast genome and phylogenetic aspects of ten Ficus species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:253. [PMID: 35606691 PMCID: PMC9125854 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The large genus Ficus comprises approximately 800 species, most of which possess high ornamental and ecological values. However, its evolutionary history remains largely unknown. Plastome (chloroplast genome) analysis had become an essential tool for species identification and for unveiling evolutionary relationships between species, genus and other rank groups. In this work we present the plastomes of ten Ficus species. RESULTS The complete chloroplast (CP) genomes of eleven Ficus specimens belonging to ten species were determined and analysed. The full length of the Ficus plastome was nearly 160 kbp with a similar overall GC content, ranging from 35.88 to 36.02%. A total of 114 unique genes, distributed in 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs, and 4 rRNAs, were annotated in each of the Ficus CP genome. In addition, these CP genomes showed variation in their inverted repeat regions (IR). Tandem repeats and mononucleotide simple sequence repeat (SSR) are widely distributed across the Ficus CP genome. Comparative genome analysis showed low sequence variability. In addition, eight variable regions to be used as potential molecular markers were proposed for future Ficus species identification. According to the phylogenetic analysis, these ten Ficus species were clustered together and further divided into three clades based on different subgenera. Simultaneously, it also showed the relatedness between Ficus and Morus. CONCLUSION The chloroplast genome structure of 10 Ficus species was similar to that of other angiosperms, with a typical four-part structure. Chloroplast genome sizes vary slightly due to expansion and contraction of the IR region. And the variation of noncoding regions of the chloroplast genome is larger than that of coding regions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these eleven sampled CP genomes were divided into three clades, clustered with species from subgenus Urostigma, Sycomorus, and Ficus, respectively. These results support the Berg classification system, in which the subgenus Ficus was further decomposed into the subgenus Sycomorus. In general, the sequencing and analysis of Ficus plastomes, especially the ones of species with no or limited sequences available yet, contribute to the study of genetic diversity and species evolution of Ficus, while providing useful information for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Ficus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Huang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology Laboratory in Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510410, China
| | - Zerui Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenli An
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunzhu Xie
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiasheng Zheng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on Fermentation Quality and Anti-Nutritional Factors of Paper Mulberry Silage. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8040144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There are few studies on the application of lactic acid bacteria in the reduction of anti-nutrient factors in paper mulberry silage. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation quality and the amount of anti-nutritional factors in paper mulberry silage. Two strains of Lactobacillus plantarum (GX, isolated from paper mulberry silage; GZ, provided by Sichuan Gaofuji Biotechnology Co. Ltd.) were added as silage additives. On days 7, 15, 30 and 60 of the ensiling process, the fermentation quality, and the amount of anti-nutritional factors were measured. Compared with the control group, inoculation with Lactobacillus plantarum could rapidly reduce pH values, leading to lower NH3-N/TN. Besides, it also significantly increased the lactic acid content (p < 0.05). The two strains of L. plantarum significantly reduced the content of hydrolysed tannin, condensed tannin, total tannin, oxalic acid, phytic acid and saponin (p < 0.05). Overall, this study found that the addition of lactic acid bacteria could significantly improve the fermentation quality of paper mulberry and reduce the amount of anti-nutrient factors (p < 0.05).
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheng Q, Chen Y, Bai S, Chen L, You M, Zhang K, Li P, Chen C. Study on the bacterial community structure and fermentation characteristics of fresh and ensiled paper mulberry. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13656. [PMID: 34734664 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the bacterial community of fresh and ensiled paper mulberry prepared with or without lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants in South China. In Experiment 1, the bacterial community, chemical composition, and fermentation products of paper mulberry were analyzed. The results showed that fresh paper mulberry had high crude protein content, buffering capacity value, and amounts of uncultured bacteria. Ensiled paper mulberry showed poor fermentation with high pH value, ammonia-N content, and butyric acid content. In addition, Enterobacter was the dominant genus in silage, followed by Lactobacillus and Enterococcus. Water-soluble carbohydrates, ammonia-N, propionic acid, pH, and lactic acid (LA) were the main factors affecting bacterial community of silage. In Experiment 2, the BP17 (Lactobacillus plantarum) from natural fermented paper mulberry silage and two commercial inoculants (Silage-help [SH] and Chikuso-1 [CH]) were used as additives. Compared with other treatments, BP17 inoculant decreased (p < 0.05) pH and ammonia-N content and increased (p < 0.05) LA content of silage. Inoculation of BP17 also increased the dominance of desirable Lactobacillus and inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria in silage. These results confirmed that paper mulberry could be ensiled and epiphytic LAB inoculant can improve its fermentation quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Cheng
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yulian Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shiqie Bai
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangyin Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Minhong You
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shepherd LD, Ann Smith C, Lowe BJ, Campbell D, Ngarimu R. The identification of plants used to make tapa artefacts: development of a reference DNA database and trial of non-destructive DNA extraction methods. J R Soc N Z 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2021.1981402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lare D. Shepherd
- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Catherine Ann Smith
- Archaeology, School of Social Science, University of Otago/Te Whare Wānanga o Otāgo, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Donna Campbell
- Faculty of Māori and Indigenous Studies, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cui S, Ren Y, Hao Y, Zhang J, Chen Z, Zou J, Zhou W, Chen X. An efficient protocol for regenerating shoots from paper mulberry ( Broussonetia papyrifera) leaf explants. Open Life Sci 2021; 15:318-325. [PMID: 33817220 PMCID: PMC7874615 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) is a tree species that has many economic, ecological, and social uses. This study developed an efficient protocol for regenerating shoots from leaf explants using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs), which play vital roles in shoot regeneration. The best result, 86.67% induction frequency and 4.35 shoots per explant, was obtained in the MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.05 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid. The effects of explant age, orientation, and genotype were also investigated. Explants from young leaves had a greater regeneration frequency than those from old leaves, and the results were better when the distal end of the leaf explant contacted the medium versus the proximal end. Approximately 70.96% of the shoots rooted well in the MS medium containing 0.4 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Although some genotypes achieved poorer results, the regeneration protocol is still applicable for mass multiplication and genetic transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siming Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ying Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yahan Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhouchao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jintuo Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Luo Y, Zhang X, Xu J, Zheng Y, Pu S, Duan Z, Li Z, Liu G, Chen J, Wang Z. Phenotypic and molecular marker analysis uncovers the genetic diversity of the grass Stenotaphrum secundatum. BMC Genet 2020; 21:86. [PMID: 32787786 PMCID: PMC7425169 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stenotaphrum secundatum is an important grass with a rich variety of accessions and great potential for development as an economically valuable crop. However, little is known about the genetic diversity of S. secundatum, limiting its application and development as a crop. Here, to provide a theoretical basis for further conservation, utilization, and classification of S. secundatum germplasm resources, we used phenotypic and molecular markers (single-nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs; sequence-related amplified polymorphism, SRAP; inter-simple sequence repeat, ISSR) to analyze the genetic diversity of 49 S. secundatum accessions. RESULTS Based on seven types of phenotypic data, the 49 S. secundatum accessions could be divided into three classes with great variation. We identified 1,280,873 SNPs in the 49 accessions, among which 66.22% were transition SNPs and 33.78% were transversion SNPs. Among these, C/T was the most common (19.12%) and G/C the least common (3.68%). Using 28 SRAP primers, 267 polymorphic bands were detected from the 273 bands amplified. In addition, 27 ISSR markers generated 527 amplification bands, all of which were polymorphic. Both marker types revealed a high level of genetic diversity, with ISSR markers showing a higher percentage of polymorphic loci (100%) than SRAP markers (97.8%). The genetic diversity of the accessions based on SRAP markers (h = 0.47, I = 0.66) and ISSR markers (h = 0.45, I = 0.64) supports the notion that the S. secundatum accessions are highly diverse. S. secundatum could be divided into three classes based on the evaluated molecular markers. CONCLUSIONS Phenotypic and molecular marker analysis using SNP, SRAP, and ISSR markers revealed great genetic variation among S. secundatum accessions, which were consistently divided into three classes. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the genetic diversity and classification of S. secundatum. Our results indicate that SNP, SRAP and ISSR markers are reliable and effective for analyzing genetic diversity in S. secundatum. The SNPs identified in this study could be used to distinguish S. secundatum accessions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouqin Pu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhen Duan
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodao Liu
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
- Hainan Biological Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Peña-Ahumada B, Saldarriaga-Córdoba M, Kardailsky O, Moncada X, Moraga M, Matisoo-Smith E, Seelenfreund D, Seelenfreund A. A tale of textiles: Genetic characterization of historical paper mulberry barkcloth from Oceania. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233113. [PMID: 32421727 PMCID: PMC7233582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans introduced paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) from Taiwan into the Pacific over 5000 years ago as a fiber source to make barkcloth textiles that were, and still are, important cultural artifacts throughout the Pacific. We have used B. papyrifera, a species closely associated to humans, as a proxy to understand the human settlement of the Pacific Islands. We report the first genetic analysis of paper mulberry textiles from historical and archaeological contexts (200 to 50 years before present) and compare our results with genetic data obtained from contemporary and herbarium paper mulberry samples. Following stringent ancient DNA protocols, we extracted DNA from 13 barkcloth textiles. We confirmed that the fiber source is paper mulberry in nine of the 13 textiles studied using the nuclear ITS-1 marker and by statistical estimates. We detected high genetic diversity in historical Pacific paper mulberry barkcloth with a set of ten microsatellites, showing new alleles and specific genetic patterns. These genetic signatures allow tracing connections to plants from the Asian homeland, Near and Remote Oceania, establishing links not observed previously (using the same genetic tools) in extant plants or herbaria samples. These results show that historic barkcloth textiles are cultural materials amenable to genetic analysis to reveal human history and that these artifacts may harbor evidence of greater genetic diversity in Pacific B. papyrifera in the past.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Peña-Ahumada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Saldarriaga-Córdoba
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Olga Kardailsky
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ximena Moncada
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), La Serena, Chile
| | - Mauricio Moraga
- Programa de Genética Humana, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Daniela Seelenfreund
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail: (DS); (AS)
| | - Andrea Seelenfreund
- Escuela de Antropología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Academia de Humanismo Cristiano, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail: (DS); (AS)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Olivares G, Peña-Ahumada B, Peñailillo J, Payacán C, Moncada X, Saldarriaga-Córdoba M, Matisoo-Smith E, Chung KF, Seelenfreund D, Seelenfreund A. Human mediated translocation of Pacific paper mulberry [Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L'Hér. ex Vent. (Moraceae)]: Genetic evidence of dispersal routes in Remote Oceania. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217107. [PMID: 31216291 PMCID: PMC6583976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Paper mulberry, Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hér. ex Vent. (Moraceae), a dioecious species, was transported by humans from Taiwan to the islands of Remote Oceania. Its introduction and cultivation in Remote Oceania was intentional due to its cultural importance as a fiber source for barkcloth textiles. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic diversity and structure of paper mulberry populations within Remote Oceania in order to infer dispersal patterns that may reflect past human interaction among island groups. We present the integrated analysis of 380 samples (313 contemporary and 67 herbarium specimens) collected in Near and Remote Oceania. Genetic characterization was based on a set of ten microsatellites developed for B. papyrifera and complemented with the analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer ITS-1 sequence, a sex marker and the chloroplast ndhF–rpl32 intergenic spacer. Microsatellite data identify a total of 64 genotypes, despite this being a clonally propagated crop, and show three major dispersal hubs within Remote Oceania, centered on the islands of Fiji, Tonga, and Pitcairn. Of 64 genotypes identified, 55 correspond to genotypes associated to female-sexed plants that probably descend from plants introduced by the prehistoric Austronesian-speaking voyagers. The ratio of accessions to genotypes between herbarium and contemporary samples, suggests recent loss of genetic diversity. In addition to the chloroplast haplotypes described previously, we detected two new haplotypes within Remote Oceania both originating in Taiwan. This is the first study of a commensal species to show genetic structuring within Remote Oceania. In spite of the genetic bottleneck, the presence of only one sex, a timespan of less than 5000 years, and asexual propagation of this crop in Remote Oceania, we detect genetic diversity and regional structuring. These observations suggest specific migration routes between island groups within Remote Oceania.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Olivares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bárbara Peña-Ahumada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Johany Peñailillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Payacán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Moncada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Saldarriaga-Córdoba
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Kuo-Fang Chung
- Research Museum and Herbarium (HAST), Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Daniela Seelenfreund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail: (DS); (AS)
| | - Andrea Seelenfreund
- Escuela de Antropología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Academia de Humanismo Cristiano, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail: (DS); (AS)
| |
Collapse
|