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Yu L, Peng R, Liang J, Jahejo AR, Zhang L, Lan M, Liu X, Ran M, Yang X, Lu Y. Spatiotemporal single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the role of steroid hormone pathway during chicken primordial follicle formation. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104090. [PMID: 39096826 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The size of the initial primordial follicle pool in the ovary depends on primordial follicle formation, which determines the female reproductive lifespan. However, the molecular regulation of primordial follicle formation in chickens remains unclear. In this study, the left ovaries of chickens were collected at 2 d posthatch (dph), 5.5 dph, and 10.5 dph to examine the formation of primordial follicles. Single-cell mRNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomic analysis were performed to explore the ovarian microenvironment and identify regulatory pathways involved in the formation of primordial follicles in chickens. Histomorphological analysis of chicken ovary tissues revealed the presence of germ cell cysts at 1 dph, which began to disintegrate at 2 dph. Primordial follicles appeared at 5.5 dph and continued to develop into larger-diameter follicles. scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomic analysis revealed 24 cellular clusters involved in chicken primordial follicle formation. The metabolic pathway of steroid hormone synthesis was found in pregranulosa and pretheca cells. Histological analysis showed that chicken ovaries did not form primordial follicles after the inhibition of the steroid hormone synthesis pathway by simvastatin or tamoxifen. In addition, mRNA transcriptomic and bioinformatics analyses revealed that GREB1 was a downstream gene of the steroid hormone synthesis pathway during the formation of chicken primordial follicles. This study provides a valuable foundation for investigating primordial follicle formation in avian species and optimizing their reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintian Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Rui Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Jiongming Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Ali Raza Jahejo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Lang Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Meiyu Lan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Xingting Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Mingxia Ran
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Xiaogan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Yangqing Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China.
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2
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Zhou Z, Wu Z, Zhang L, Dai Y, Shao G, Ren C, Huang P. Mitophagy in mammalian follicle development and health. Reprod Biol 2024; 24:100889. [PMID: 38733657 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2024.100889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitophagy, the cellular process that removes damaged mitochondria, plays a crucial role in maintaining normal cell functions. It is deeply involved in the entire process of follicle development and is associated with various ovarian diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of mitophagy regulation, emphasizing its role at different stages of follicular development. Additionally, the study illuminates the relationship between mitophagy and ovarian diseases, including ovary aging (OA), primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A detailed understanding of mitophagy could reveal valuable insights and novel strategies for managing female ovarian reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Zhou
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Liufang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yue Dai
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Genbao Shao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Caifang Ren
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Pan Huang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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3
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Xu M, Li F, Xu X, Hu N, Miao J, Zhao Y, Ji S, Wang Y, Wang L. Proteomic analysis reveals that cigarette smoke exposure diminishes ovarian reserve in mice by disrupting the CREB1-mediated ovarian granulosa cell proliferation-apoptosis balance. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115989. [PMID: 38242047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) adversely affects ovarian health and it is currently unknown how CS exposure causes ovarian injury. This study compared the differences in proteomics between CS exposure and healthy control groups using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantitative proteomics to further understand the molecular mechanism of ovarian cell injury in mice exposed to CS. Furthermore, western blotting and qPCR were carried out to validate the proteomic analysis outcomes. CREB1 was selected from the differentially expressed proteins, and then the down-regulation of CREB1 and phosphorylated CREB1(Ser133) expressions were confirmed in mice ovarian tissue and human ovarian granulosa cells (KGN cells) after CS exposure. In addition, the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins BCL-2 and BCL-XL were downregulated, and BAX expression was up-regulated. Moreover, the results of cellular immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) efficiently stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, G1 phase arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential decreases, and ultrastructural changes in KGN cells. KG-501 (CREB inhibitor) aggravated CSE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-proliferation imbalance in KGN cells mediated by down-regulated CREB1/BCL-2 axis. In addition, CREB1 over-expression partially restores mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-proliferation imbalance of KGN cells induced by CSE. The results suggested that CSE diminished ovarian reserve in mice by disrupting the CREB1-mediated ovarian granulosa cell (GCs) proliferation-apoptosis balance and provided possible therapeutic targets for the clinical intervention of premature ovarian failure (POI) caused by CS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - XiaoYan Xu
- Assisted Reproduction Centre of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Nengyin Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jianing Miao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanhui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Sailing Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China.
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4
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Silva JR, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Bento TFM, Silva RC, Moura CRF, Bartlewski PM, Batista RITP. The effects of heat stress on intrauterine development, reproductive function, and ovarian gene expression of F1 female mice as well as gene expression of F2 embryos†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:33-47. [PMID: 37812452 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to heat stress (HS) in utero was postulated to trigger an adaptive molecular response that can be transmitted to the next generation. Hence, this study assessed the impact of HS exposure at different stages of the gestational period of mice on the female F1 population and their offspring. Heat stress exposure (41°C and 65% relative humidity-RH) occurred during the first half (FP), the second half (SP), or the entire pregnancy (TP). A control group (C) was maintained in normothermic conditions (25°C, 45% RH) throughout the experiment. Heat stress had a significant negative effect on intrauterine development, mainly when HS exposure occurred in the first half of pregnancy (FP and TP groups). Postnatal growth of FP and TP mice was hindered until 4 weeks of age. The total number of follicles per ovary did not vary (P > 0.05) between the control and HS-exposed groups. Mean numbers of primordial follicles were lower (P < 0.05) in the sexually mature FP than those in SP and TP F1 females. However, the mean number of viable embryos after superovulation was lower (P < 0.05) in TP compared with C group. The expression of genes associated with physiological and cellular response to HS, autophagy, and apoptosis was significantly affected in the ovarian tissue of F1 females and F2 in vivo-derived blastocysts in all HS-exposed groups. In conclusion, exposure to HS during pregnancy compromised somatic development and reproductive parameters as well as altered gene expression profile that was then transmitted to the next generation of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Joanna M G Souza-Fabjan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tays F M Bento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Robson Campos Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R F Moura
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Pawel M Bartlewski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ribrio I T P Batista
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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5
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Telfer EE, Grosbois J, Odey YL, Rosario R, Anderson RA. Making a good egg: human oocyte health, aging, and in vitro development. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2623-2677. [PMID: 37171807 PMCID: PMC10625843 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00032.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian eggs (oocytes) are formed during fetal life and establish associations with somatic cells to form primordial follicles that create a store of germ cells (the primordial pool). The size of this pool is influenced by key events during the formation of germ cells and by factors that influence the subsequent activation of follicle growth. These regulatory pathways must ensure that the reserve of oocytes within primordial follicles in humans lasts for up to 50 years, yet only approximately 0.1% will ever be ovulated with the rest undergoing degeneration. This review outlines the mechanisms and regulatory pathways that govern the processes of oocyte and follicle formation and later growth, within the ovarian stroma, through to ovulation with particular reference to human oocytes/follicles. In addition, the effects of aging on female reproductive capacity through changes in oocyte number and quality are emphasized, with both the cellular mechanisms and clinical implications discussed. Finally, the details of current developments in culture systems that support all stages of follicle growth to generate mature oocytes in vitro and emerging prospects for making new oocytes from stem cells are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn E Telfer
- Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Johanne Grosbois
- Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yvonne L Odey
- Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Roseanne Rosario
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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6
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Chen J, Pu L, Niu Y, Tian K, Jia X, Zhang L, Lu Y. Prolonged fasting induces significant germ cell loss in chickens after hatching. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102815. [PMID: 37356301 PMCID: PMC10404744 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Germ cell loss is a crucial biological event during germ cell development. The number of female germ cells determines the reproductive performance and egg production of hens. Various intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect germ cell loss, such as germ cell nest breakdown in early life and nutritional deficiencies during daily husbandry. Here, we examined the effect of fasting on the germ cell number of chicks. The results showed that 72 h fasting resulted in a higher germ cell loss than that by 24 h fasting in chicks. The RNA-seq analysis revealed that the genes of ribosome pathway were down-regulated and the biological processes of protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were inhibited in starved chicks. Furthermore, in female chicks treated with 72 h fasting, the qPCR of ovaries showed down-regulation of ribosome-related genes, and transmission electron microscopy imaging of ovaries showed fewer ribosomes. The blood biochemical indices indicated that 72 h fasting reduced the liver functions and affected the glucose metabolism, lipid metabolites and ion metabolites. In summary, the present results concluded negative impacts on the germ cell pool by prolonged fasting in the early life of chicks and manifested that adequate management should be cared for fasted time for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Liping Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yajing Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kui Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Lang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yangqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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7
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Liu F, Li M. BNIP3-mediated autophagy via the mTOR/ULK1 pathway induces primordial follicle loss after ovarian tissue transplantation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:491-508. [PMID: 36869237 PMCID: PMC10033815 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the underlying mechanism of primordial follicle loss in the early period following ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT). METHODS BNIP3 was selected through bioinformatic protocols, as the hub gene related to autophagy during OTT. BNIP3 and autophagy in mice ovarian grafts and in hypoxia-mimicking KGN cells were detected using immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blotting, qPCR, and fluorescence staining. The regulatory role played by BNIP3 overexpression and the silencing of KGN cells in autophagy via the mTOR/ULK1 pathway was investigated. RESULTS Ultrastructure examination showed that autophagic vacuoles increased after mice ovarian auto-transplantation. The BNIP3 and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin-1, LC3B, and SQSTM1/p62) in mice ovarian granulosa cells of primordial follicle from ovarian grafts were altered compared with the control. Administration of an autophagy inhibitor in mice decreased the depletion of primordial follicles. In vitro experiments indicated that BNIP3 and autophagy activity were upregulated in KGN cells treated with cobalt chloride (CoCl2). The overexpression of BNIP3 activated autophagy, whereas the silencing of BNIP3 suppressed it and reversed the autophagy induced by CoCl2 in KGN cells. Western blotting analysis showed the inhibition of mTOR and activation of ULK1 in KGN cells treated with CoCl2 and in the overexpression of BNIP3, and the opposite results following BNIP3 silencing. The activation of mTOR reversed the autophagy induced by BNIP3 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS BNIP3-induced autophagy is crucial in primordial follicle loss during OTT procedure, and BNIP3 is a potential therapeutic target for primordial follicle loss after OTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Liu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Mujun Li
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
- Department of the Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 China
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8
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Tian Y, Liu X, Pei X, Gao H, Pan P, Yang Y. Mechanism of Mitochondrial Homeostasis Controlling Ovarian Physiology. Endocrinology 2022; 164:6828017. [PMID: 36378567 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cells, including oocytes, granulosa/cumulus cells, theca cells, and stromal cells, contain abundant mitochondria, which play indispensable roles in the processes of ovarian follicle development. Ovarian function is closely controlled by mitochondrial proteostasis and mitostasis. While mitochondrial proteostasis and mitostasis are disturbed by several factors, leading to dysfunction of ovarian function and initiating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) and mitophagy to maintain or recover ovarian function and mitochondrial function, clear interactions between the 2 pathways in the ovary have not been fully elucidated. Here, we comprehensively summarize the molecular networks or regulatory mechanisms behind further mitochondrial research in the ovary. This review provides novel insights into the interactions between the UPRmt and mitophagy in ovarian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinrui Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiuying Pei
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Pengge Pan
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yanzhou Yang
- Clinical Medical College, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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9
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He Y, Lu H, Zhao Y. Development of an autophagy activator from Class III PI3K complexes, Tat-BECN1 peptide: Mechanisms and applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:851166. [PMID: 36172279 PMCID: PMC9511052 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.851166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment or dysregulation of autophagy has been implicated in many human pathologies ranging from neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, to malignancies. Efforts have been made to explore the therapeutic potential of pharmacological autophagy activators, as beneficial health effects from caloric restriction or physical exercise are linked to autophagy activation. However, the lack of specificity remains the major challenge to the development and clinical use of autophagy activators. One candidate of specific autophagy activators is Tat-BECN1 peptide, derived from Beclin 1 subunit of Class III PI3K complexes. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms by which Tat-BECN1 peptide activates autophagy, the strategies for optimization and development, and the applications of Tat-BECN1 peptide in cellular and organismal models of physiology and pathology.
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10
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Deng R, Jiang K, Chen F, Miao Y, Lu Y, Su F, Liang J, Qian J, Wang D, Xiang Y, Shen L. Novel cardioprotective mechanism for Empagliflozin in nondiabetic myocardial infarction with acute hyperglycemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113606. [PMID: 36030589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with AMI and hyperglycemia upon hospital admission exhibited poorer prognosis compared with those without hyperglycemia. It is unknown whether SGLT2 inhibitors can also improve nondiabetic myocardial infarction (MI) with acute hyperglycemia and the underlying mechanisms. Here we demonstrated that hyperglycemia patients were more likely to have worse cardiac function levels, such as with Killip III/IV during hospitalization. Glucose injection-induced nondiabetic MI accompanied by acute hyperglycemia in WT mice, manifested lower survival compared with control. A significant increase in both survival and LV function was observed when treated with empagliflozin (EMPA). In addition, EMPA attenuated fibrosis and autophagy of border cardiac tissue in mice with MI accompanied by acute hyperglycemia. Applying Beclin1+/- and NHE1 cKO mice, we found that Beclin1 deficiency improved survival. Mechanistically, EMPA had a more significant cardioprotective effect through inhibited its autophagy level by targeted Beclin1 rather than NHE1. In addition, EMPA rescued cardiomyocytes autosis induced by Tat-beclin1 or GD, conferring cardioprotection decreasing autophagic cell death. These findings provide new insights that SGLT2 inhibitor effectively ameliorates the myocardial injury in nondiabetic myocardial infarction with acute hyperglycemia through suppressing beclin1-dependent autosis rather than elusively targeting NHE1 in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhua Deng
- Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministrcy of Education of China, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministrcy of Education of China, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministrcy of Education of China, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yutong Miao
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yanqiao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fanghua Su
- Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministrcy of Education of China, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiayi Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jie Qian
- Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministrcy of Education of China, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministrcy of Education of China, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yaozu Xiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministrcy of Education of China, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Lan Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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11
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An Z, Chiang WC, Fernández ÁF, Franco LH, He C, Huang SY, Lee E, Liu Y, Sebti S, Shoji-Kawata S, Sirasanagandla S, Wang RC, Wei Y, Zhao Y, Vega-Rubin-de-Celis S. Beth Levine’s Legacy: From the Discovery of BECN1 to Therapies. A Mentees’ Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:891332. [PMID: 35832792 PMCID: PMC9273008 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.891332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With great sadness, the scientific community received the news of the loss of Beth Levine on 15 June 2020. Dr. Levine was a pioneer in the autophagy field and work in her lab led not only to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating the pathway, but also its implications in multiple physiological and pathological conditions, including its role in development, host defense, tumorigenesis, aging or metabolism. This review does not aim to provide a comprehensive view of autophagy, but rather an outline of some of the discoveries made by the group of Beth Levine, from the perspective of some of her own mentees, hoping to honor her legacy in science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi An
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Wei-Chung Chiang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Álvaro F. Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis H. Franco
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - CongCong He
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shu-Yi Huang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eunmyong Lee
- InnoCure Therapeutics Inc., Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Salwa Sebti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Richard C. Wang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Yongjie Wei
- Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Silvia Vega-Rubin-de-Celis
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Silvia Vega-Rubin-de-Celis, ,
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Watanabe R, Takano T, Sasaki S, Obara M, Umeno K, Sato H, Kimura N. Retention of higher fertility depending on ovarian follicle reserve in cystine-glutamate transporter gene-deficient mice. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 157:347-357. [PMID: 35239019 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cystine-glutamate transporter (xCT) is responsible for the transport of cystine into cells. We recently found that xCT-deficient (xCTKO) aged mice maintained a higher rate of ovulation and ovarian weight compared with wild-type (WT) mice. It has been reported that a xCT deficiency in cultured cells induces autophagy through the suppression of mTOR survival pathways. We have previously reported that starvation in neonatal mice increases the number of primordial follicles with concomitant autophagy activation. Therefore, we investigated age-related changes in follicle reserve and fertility in xCTKO mice and clarified whether the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway contributes to this. The numbers of offspring in the xCTKO mice aged 10 and 12 months were significantly higher than those in the WT mice. The primordial follicle numbers in xCTKO neonatal mice tended to be higher than WT mice during all times evaluated. In contrast, the primary follicle number was significantly lower in the xCTKO mice at 60 h after birth. The expression of p-AKT, which promotes follicle development, was significantly lower in xCTKO mice than that in WT mice, whereas the expression ratios of LC3-II/LC3-I were significantly higher. The xCTKO mice had significantly more primordial follicles than WT mice at 2 months of age and showed a similar trend at 13-15 months of age. These results suggest that the maintenance of fertility in aged xCTKO mice can be attributed to high follicle reserve after puberty by suppression of follicle activation during the neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Watanabe
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, 997-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoe Takano
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, 997-8555, Japan
| | - Sho Sasaki
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, 997-8555, Japan
| | - Mizuho Obara
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, 997-8555, Japan
| | - Ken Umeno
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, 997-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyo Sato
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoko Kimura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, 997-8555, Japan.
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13
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Umeno K, Sasaki A, Kimura N. The impact of oocyte death on mouse primordial follicle formation and ovarian reserve. Reprod Med Biol 2022; 21:e12489. [PMID: 36329711 PMCID: PMC9623396 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovaries, the source of oocytes, maintain the numbers of primordial follicles, develop oocytes for fertilization and embryonic development. Although it is well known that about two‐thirds of oocytes are lost during the formation of primordial follicles through cyst fragmentation and the aggregation of oocytes within the cyst, the mechanism responsible for this remains unclear. Methods We provide an overview of cell death that is associated with the oocyte cyst breakdown and primordial follicle assembly along with our recent findings for mice that had been treated with a TNFα ligand inhibitor. Main Findings It is generally accepted that apoptosis is the major mechanism responsible for the depletion of germ cells. In fact, a gene deficiency or the overexpression of apoptosis regulators can have a great effect on follicle numbers and/or fertility. Apoptosis, however, may not be the only cause of the large‐scale oocyte attrition during oocyte cyst breakdown, and other mechanisms, such as aggregation, may also be involved in this process. Conclusion The continued study of oocyte death during primordial follicle formation could lead to the development of novel strategies for manipulating the primordial follicle pool, leading to improved fertility by enhancing the ovarian reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Umeno
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science Yamagata University Tsuruoka Japan
| | - Ayana Sasaki
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science Yamagata University Tsuruoka Japan
| | - Naoko Kimura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science Yamagata University Tsuruoka Japan
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Bhardwaj JK, Paliwal A, Saraf P, Sachdeva SN. Role of autophagy in follicular development and maintenance of primordial follicular pool in the ovary. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1157-1170. [PMID: 34668576 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive life span of the organism mainly depends on follicular development that maintains the primordial follicle pool in the cohort of follicles within the ovary. The total count of primordial follicles decreases with age due to ovulation and follicular atresia. Follicular atresia, a process of ovarian follicles degradation, mainly occurs via apoptosis, but recent studies also favor autophagy existence. Autophagy is a cellular and energy homeostatic response that helps to maintain the number of healthy primordial follicles, germ cell survival, and removal of corpus luteum remnants. But the excessive autophagic cell death changes both the quality and quantity of oocytes that ultimately affect female reproductive health. Autophagy regulation occurs by various autophagy-regulated genes like BECN1 and LC3-II (autophagy marker genes). Their abnormal regulation or mutation highly influences follicular development by alteration of primordial follicles formation, the decline in oocytes count, and germ cell loss. Various classical signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK/ERK1/2, AMPK, and IRE1 are involved in granulosa and oocytes autophagy, while mTOR signaling is the primary mechanism. Along with basal level autophagy, chemical/hormone/stress-mediated autophagy also affects follicular development and female reproduction. In this review, we have primarily focused on granulosa cell and oocytes' autophagy, mechanism, and the role of autophagy determining marker genes in follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender K Bhardwaj
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Aakansha Paliwal
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Saraf
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Som N Sachdeva
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology and Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
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Shaikat AH, Ochiai M, Sasaki A, Takeda M, Arima A, Ohkubo T. Leptin Modulates the mRNA Expression of Follicle Development Markers in Post-hatch Chicks in an Age-Dependent Manner. Front Physiol 2021; 12:657527. [PMID: 34305632 PMCID: PMC8293390 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.657527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is involved in regulating reproductive function in chickens, and the development of the leptin system is initiated during the early embryonic stage; however, whether leptin has a specific role in regulating the ovarian development in early post-hatch days is still not fully understood. This study investigated the expression of ovarian functional markers in growing juvenile chickens, along with the effects of leptin on gene expression in the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis on specific ovarian-remodeling days. Leptin receptor (LEPR), follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), and the mRNA expression of aromatase (CYP19A1) tended to increase with age in the ovaries of growing chicks. In the ovaries of 7-day-old chicks, intraperitoneally injected leptin significantly increased the mRNA expressions of LEPR, FSHR, and CYP19A1, and this resulted in the increased serum estradiol levels. However, leptin had no effect on hypothalamic LEPR, gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1), or gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) mRNAs; however, in the pituitary gland, leptin significantly increased the mRNA expression of luteinizing hormone beta subunit (LHB) but had no effect on the mRNA expression of follicle-stimulating hormone beta subunit (FSHB). In 28-day-old chicks, hypothalamic and pituitary mRNAs were unaffected by leptin administration, except hypothalamic LEPR mRNA that was upregulated by a high dose of leptin. In the ovary, leptin dose-dependently decreased the mRNA expression of LEPR; low doses of leptin significantly increased the mRNA expression of FSHR, whereas high doses significantly decreased this expression; leptin did not affect the mRNA expression of CYP19A1; and high leptin doses significantly reduced the serum estradiol levels. Collectively, the results of this study show that leptin modulates ovarian development and folliculogenesis marker genes by primarily acting on ovaries on the specific ovarian-remodeling days in post-hatch chicks, which may alter folliculogenesis and ovarian development toward puberty in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossan Shaikat
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Masami Ochiai
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Japan
| | - Akari Sasaki
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Japan
| | - Misa Takeda
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Akari Arima
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohkubo
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
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Abstract
Formation of primordial follicles occurs when germ cell nests break apart and individual oocytes become surrounded by pregranulosa cells. Why mammalian germ cells develop in germ cell nests is not fully understood but recent work has provided evidence that some oocytes serve as nurse cells supporting other oocytes in the cyst. Headway has also been made in understanding interactions that occur between cyst cells that must change as individual oocytes separate to associate with pregranulosa cells. As germ cell nests undergo breakdown some oocytes are lost by programmed cell death that has been attributed to apoptosis, but newer studies have implicated autophagy in counteracting apoptosis to promote cell survival and maintain the ovarian reserve. Work in the past few years has added to already known pathways regulating primordial follicle formation and has identified new players including signaling molecules, transcription factors and RNA binding proteins.
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17
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Grive KJ. Pathways coordinating oocyte attrition and abundance during mammalian ovarian reserve establishment. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:843-856. [PMID: 32720428 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian ovarian reserve is comprised of a finite pool of primordial follicles, representing the lifetime reproductive capacity of females. In most mammals, the reserve is produced during embryonic and early postnatal development with oocyte numbers peaking during mid-to-late gestation, and then experiencing a dramatic decline continuing until shortly after birth. Oocytes remaining after the bulk of this attrition are subsequently surrounded by a layer of somatic pre-granulosa cells with these units then referred to as "primordial follicles." The complex and varied cell death mechanisms intrinsic to this process are not only characteristic of, but also essential for, the proper formation of this pool of follicles, and as a result must be immaculately balanced to ensure long-term fertility and reproductive health. Too few follicles can lead to Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, resulting in fertility loss and other features of aging, such as an overall shorter lifespan. On the other hand, whereas an excess of follicles might extend reproductive lifespan, this might also be the underlying etiology of other ovarian pathologies. The last decade, in particular, has vastly expanded our understanding of oocyte attrition and determinants of ovarian reserve abundance. By continuing to decipher the intricacies underlying the cell death processes and development of the initial primordial follicle pool, we may be in a much better position to understand idiopathic cases of premature follicle depletion and improve ovarian health in reproductive-age women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Grive
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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