1
|
Capinha C, Ceia-Hasse A, de-Miguel S, Vila-Viçosa C, Porto M, Jarić I, Tiago P, Fernández N, Valdez J, McCallum I, Pereira HM. Using citizen science data for predicting the timing of ecological phenomena across regions. Bioscience 2024; 74:383-392. [PMID: 39055369 PMCID: PMC11266983 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biae041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The scarcity of long-term observational data has limited the use of statistical or machine-learning techniques for predicting intraannual ecological variation. However, time-stamped citizen-science observation records, supported by media data such as photographs, are increasingly available. In the present article, we present a novel framework based on the concept of relative phenological niche, using machine-learning algorithms to model observation records as a temporal sample of environmental conditions in which the represented ecological phenomenon occurs. Our approach accurately predicts the temporal dynamics of ecological events across large geographical scales and is robust to temporal bias in recording effort. These results highlight the vast potential of citizen-science observation data to predict ecological phenomena across space, including in near real time. The framework is also easily applicable for ecologists and practitioners already using machine-learning and statistics-based predictive approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- César Capinha
- Centre of Geographical Studies, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory TerraLisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Ceia-Hasse
- BIOPOLIS, CIBIO, InBIO Associate Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- University of Lisbon, LisbonPortugal
| | - Sergio de-Miguel
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia, Solsona, Spain
| | - Carlos Vila-Viçosa
- BIOPOLIS, CIBIO, InBIO Associate Laboratory
- Museu de História Natural e da Ciência, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Porto
- BIOPOLIS, CIBIO, InBIO Associate Laboratory, , University of Porto, Porto
- University of Lisbon, Lisbon
- Mértola Biological Station, Mértola, Portugal
| | - Ivan Jarić
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique EvolutionParis, France
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Tiago
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Changes & CHANGE--Global Change and Sustainability Institute, at Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Néstor Fernández
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology from the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Jose Valdez
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology from the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Ian McCallum
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Henrique Miguel Pereira
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology from the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- BIOPOLIS and CIBIO, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Frantzeskaki N, Childers DL, Pickett S, Hoover FA, Anderson P, Barau A, Ginsberg J, Grove M, Lodder M, Lugo AE, McPhearson T, Muñoz-Erickson TA, Quartier M, Schepers S, Sharifi A, van de Sijpe K. A transformative shift in urban ecology toward a more active and relevant future for the field and for cities. AMBIO 2024; 53:871-889. [PMID: 38643343 PMCID: PMC11058736 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-024-01992-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
This paper builds on the expansion of urban ecology from a biologically based discipline-ecology in the city-to an increasingly interdisciplinary field-ecology of the city-to a transdisciplinary, knowledge to action endeavor-an ecology for and with the city. We build on this "prepositional journey" by proposing a transformative shift in urban ecology, and we present a framework for how the field may continue this shift. We conceptualize that urban ecology is in a state of flux, and that this shift is needed to transform urban ecology into a more engaged and action based field, and one that includes a diversity of actors willing to participate in the future of their cities. In this transformative shift, these actors will engage, collaborate, and participate in a continuous spiral of knowledge → action → knowledge spiral and back to knowledge loop, with the goal of co producing sustainable and resilient solutions to myriad urban challenges. Our framework for this transformative shift includes three pathways: (1) a repeating knowledge → action → knowledge spiral of ideas, information, and solutions produced by a diverse community of agents of urban change working together in an "urban sandbox"; (2) incorporation of a social-ecological-technological systems framework in this spiral and expanding the spiral temporally to include the "deep future," where future scenarios are based on a visioning of seemingly unimaginable or plausible future states of cities that are sustainable and resilient; and (3) the expansion of the spiral in space, to include rural areas and places that are not yet cities. The three interrelated pathways that define the transformative shift demonstrate the power of an urban ecology that has moved beyond urban systems science and into a realm where collaborations among diverse knowledges and voices are working together to understand cities and what is urban while producing sustainable solutions to contemporary challenges and envisioning futures of socially, ecologically, and technologically resilient cities. We present case study examples of each of the three pathways that make up this transformative shift in urban ecology and discuss both limitations and opportunities for future research and action with this transdisciplinary broadening of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niki Frantzeskaki
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Vening Meinesz Building A, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Daniel L Childers
- School of Sustainability, WCPH 442, Arizona State University, POB 877904, Tempe, AZ, 85287-7904, USA
| | - Steward Pickett
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, NY, 12545, USA
| | - Fushcia-Ann Hoover
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Pippin Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7707, South Africa
| | - Aliyu Barau
- Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Bayero University Kano, PMB 3011, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Joshua Ginsberg
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, NY, 12545, USA
| | - Morgan Grove
- Baltimore Urban Field Station, USDA Forest Service, 5523 Research Park Drive, Suite 350, Baltimore, MD, 21228, USA
| | - Marleen Lodder
- Dutch Research Institute for Transitions, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burg. Oudlaan 50, Mandeville Building, T16-42, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ariel E Lugo
- International Urban Field Station, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, 1201 Calle Ceiba, Jardín Botánico Sur, Río Piedras, PR, 00926-1115, USA
| | - Timon McPhearson
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, NY, 12545, USA
- Urban Systems Lab, The New School, 79 Fifth Avenue, 16 Fl., New York, NY, 10003, USA
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tischa A Muñoz-Erickson
- International Urban Field Station, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, 1201 Calle Ceiba, Jardín Botánico Sur, Río Piedras, PR, 00926-1115, USA
| | - Mien Quartier
- Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Stadsplein 1, 3600, Genk City, Belgium
| | - Selina Schepers
- Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Stadsplein 1, 3600, Genk City, Belgium
| | - Ayyoob Sharifi
- The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8529, Japan
| | - Katrien van de Sijpe
- Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Stadsplein 1, 3600, Genk City, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hall DM, Avellaneda-Lopez PM, Ficklin DL, Knouft JH, Lowry C. Citizen silence: Missed opportunities in citizen science. Bioscience 2024; 74:319-321. [PMID: 38854636 PMCID: PMC11153203 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Citizen science is personal. Participation is contingent on the citizens' connection to a topic or to interpersonal relationships meaningful to them. But from the peer-reviewed literature, scientists appear to have an acquisitive data-centered relationship with citizens. This has spurred ethical and pragmatic criticisms of extractive relationships with citizen scientists. We suggest five practical steps to shift citizen-science research from extractive to relational, reorienting the research process and providing reciprocal benefits to researchers and citizen scientists. By virtue of their interests and experience within their local environments, citizen scientists have expertise that, if engaged, can improve research methods and product design decisions. To boost the value of scientific outputs to society and participants, citizen-science research teams should rethink how they engage and value volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damon M Hall
- Marine and Environmental Sciences and the School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, at the Coastal Sustainability Institute of Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | - Darren L Ficklin
- Department of Geography at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
| | - Jason H Knouft
- Department of Biology at Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
- National Great Rivers Research and Education Center, East Alton, Illinois, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jensen PM, Danielsen F, Jacobsen SK, Vikstrøm T. Fair concordance between Google Trends and Danish ornithologists in the assessment of temporal trends in Danish bird populations highlights the informational value of big data. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:276. [PMID: 38366261 PMCID: PMC10873222 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The ongoing depletion of natural systems and associated biodiversity decline is of growing international concern. Climate change is expected to exacerbate anthropogenic impacts on wild populations. The scale of impact on ecosystems and ecosystem services will be determined by the impact on a multitude of species and functional groups, which due to their biology and numbers are difficult to monitor. The IPCC has argued that surveillance or monitoring is critical and proposed that monitoring systems should be developed, which not only track developments but also function as "early warning systems." Human populations are already generating large continuous datasets on multiple taxonomic groups through internet searches. These time series could in principle add substantially to current monitoring if they reflect true changes in the natural world. We here examined whether information on internet search frequencies delivered by the Danish population and captured by Google Trends (GT) appropriately informs on population trends in 106 common Danish bird species. We compared the internet search activity with independent equivalent population trend assessments from the Danish Ornithological Society (BirdLife Denmark/DOF). We find a fair concordance between the GT trends and the assessments by DOF. A substantial agreement can be obtained by omitting species without clear temporal trends. Our findings suggest that population trend proxies from internet search frequencies can be used to supplement existing wildlife population monitoring and to ask questions about an array of ecological phenomena, which potentially can be integrated into an early warning system for biodiversity under climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Per M Jensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | | | - Stine K Jacobsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Vikstrøm
- DOF/BirdLife Denmark, Vesterbrogade 140A, 1620, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ellis-Soto D, Chapman M, Locke DH. Historical redlining is associated with increasing geographical disparities in bird biodiversity sampling in the United States. Nat Hum Behav 2023; 7:1869-1877. [PMID: 37679441 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Historic segregation and inequality are critical to understanding modern environmental conditions. Race-based zoning policies, such as redlining in the United States during the 1930s, are associated with racial inequity and adverse multigenerational socioeconomic levels in income and education, and disparate environmental characteristics including tree canopy cover across urban neighbourhoods. Here we quantify the association between redlining and bird biodiversity sampling density and completeness-two critical metrics of biodiversity knowledge-across 195 cities in the United States. We show that historically redlined neighbourhoods remain the most undersampled urban areas for bird biodiversity today, potentially impacting conservation priorities and propagating urban environmental inequities. The disparity in sampling across redlined neighbourhood grades increased by 35.6% over the past 20 years. We identify specific urban areas in need of increased bird biodiversity sampling and discuss possible strategies for reducing uncertainty and increasing equity of sampling of biodiversity in urban areas. Our findings highlight how human behaviour and past social, economic and political conditions not just segregate our built environment but may also leave a lasting mark on the digital information we have about urban biodiversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Ellis-Soto
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Melissa Chapman
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Dexter H Locke
- Baltimore Field Station, Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ellwood ER, Pauly GB, Ahn J, Golembiewski K, Higgins LM, Ordeñana MA, von Konrat M. Citizen science needs a name change. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:485-489. [PMID: 37088666 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Amidst attention towards improving equality, inclusivity, and diversity, citizen science is woefully anachronistic in its name. There is a critical need for this field to distance itself from the exclusionary nature of the term 'citizen'. We provide reasoning for abandoning this term and an outline for adopting a new name.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Ellwood
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA; iDigBio, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Gregory B Pauly
- Urban Nature Research Center and Department of Herpetology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - June Ahn
- Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kate Golembiewski
- Communications Department, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lila M Higgins
- Urban Nature Research Center and Community Science Office, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Miguel A Ordeñana
- Urban Nature Research Center and Community Science Office, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matt von Konrat
- Gantz Family Collections Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Spatiotemporal Distribution of Photographic Records of Brazilian Birds Available in the WikiAves Citizen Science Database. BIRDS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/birds4010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
About four million photographic records of Brazilian birds are deposited in the WikiAves database. The objective of this study was to examine the spatiotemporal distribution of photographic records available in this database. Searches were performed in the database in 2022. Record numbers produced by citizens were obtained by selecting states and municipalities in different periods. The annual record production in Brazil has increased substantially since 2009, reaching about 400,000 records per year in 2020–2021. Most records were obtained in the Sudeste and Sul geopolitical regions. Seasonal variations in record production in the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest are comparable, with more records obtained in July–October. In Amazonia, a more substantial decrease in record production occurred between November and April. The monthly record production was more uniform in the Caatinga. When municipalities were compared, similar seasonal variation in record production was observed for four ecosystems (Amazonia, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Pampa). However, substantial differences were observed for municipalities in the Pantanal and the Caatinga. The results indicate that high human density, high individual income and the breeding season of birds are potential factors leading to high record production. On the other hand, heavy rainfall, flooding, remoteness and environmental harshness are pointed out as factors potentially leading to relatively fewer records. Further, this article discusses the implications of record availability for ornithological studies that use photographic records deposited in the WikiAves database.
Collapse
|
8
|
Can Citizen Science in the Humanities and Social Sciences Deliver on the Sustainability Goals? SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Both the sustainability discourse and the debate on citizen science are strongly focused on the natural and technical sciences. Yet, numerous participatory research activities can be identified in the social sciences and humanities that address sustainability issues of various kinds. These have hardly been studied so far, and their contribution to addressing sustainability challenges is poorly known. The study investigates which sustainability topics are taken up by citizen science in the humanities and social sciences, which factors influence the choice of topics, and their implications. For this purpose, the concept of Citizen Social Science (CSS) is taken up and sustainability is operationalized via the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and its specific targets. Based on a collection of CSS activities in Germany, the addressed sustainability topics are identified accordingly. It is then analyzed how these patterns depend on the main characteristics of CSS projects. The findings indicate a focus on three SDGs related to education, sustainable cities, and partnerships for the Goals, while at the same time the project consortia are very heterogeneous. CSS shows particular strengths here through its multi-stakeholder approach. Going forward, the linkage of Citizen Science to the SDGs needs to be further formalized so that its transformative effects can be incorporated into SDG monitoring and the scientific institutions need additional incentives to participate in CSS.
Collapse
|
9
|
Reyes-García V, Tofighi-Niaki A, Austin BJ, Benyei P, Danielsen F, Fernández-Llamazares Á, Sharma A, Soleymani-Fard R, Tengö M. Data Sovereignty in Community-Based Environmental Monitoring: Toward Equitable Environmental Data Governance. Bioscience 2022; 72:714-717. [PMID: 35923191 PMCID: PMC9343228 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biac048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beau J Austin
- Charles Darwin University , Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Petra Benyei
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Aditi Sharma
- Wageningen University and Research , Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Tengö
- Stockholm University , and senior advisor, SwedBio, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Current Trends and Issues in Research on Biodiversity Conservation and Tourism Sustainability. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14063342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rationale of this article is the need to elicit the trending themes relevant to the latest research on biodiversity conservation and tourism sustainability. Hence, the purpose of this study: stocktaking of cutting-edge research articles in this field and eliciting the critical trends and issues shaping the knowledge, future research, and technical development perspectives on biodiversity conservation and tourism sustainability. The focus is on the trends, which are pivotal for achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals until 2030. A hierarchical cluster analysis was undertaken with a KH Coder 3.0 tool to elicit topical co-occurrence networks for thematic words in academic papers from 2015 to 2020 on the topic, quarried from Google Scholar. The article’s main findings are the seven identified major trending research themes on biodiversity conservation and tourism sustainability: (1) Community-based tourism development; (2) National Park management for tourism; (3) Sustainable tourist motivation; (4) Biodiversity conservation and ecotourism; (5) Landscape and land use changes; (6) Visitor satisfaction monitoring; and (7) Ecotourism modelling. The article’s main conclusion is that the criteria and conditions for responsible low-key tourism in protected areas, both for biodiversity and local communities, are pivotal factors to consider for future research on biodiversity conservation and tourism sustainability.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Community (or citizen) science, the involvement of volunteers in scientific endeavors, has a long history. Over the past few centuries, the contributions of volunteers to our understanding of patterns and processes in entomology have been inspiring. From the collation of large-scale and long-term data sets, which have been instrumental in underpinning our knowledge of the status and trends of many insect groups, to action, including species management, whether for conservation or control, community scientists have played pivotal roles. Contributions, such as pest monitoring by farmers and species discoveries by amateur naturalists, set foundations for the research engaging entomologists today. The next decades will undoubtedly bring new approaches, tools, and technologies to underpin community science. The potential to increase inclusion within community science is providing exciting opportunities within entomology. An increase in the diversity of community scientists, alongside an increasing taxonomic and geographic breadth of initiatives, will bring enormous benefits globally for people and nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Gardiner
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;
| | - Helen E Roy
- Biological Records Centre, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Oxford OX10 8BB, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pan SL, Carter L, Tim Y, Sandeep M. Digital sustainability, climate change, and information systems solutions: Opportunities for future research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
13
|
Cooper CB, Hawn CL, Larson LR, Parrish JK, Bowser G, Cavalier D, Dunn RR, Haklay M(M, Gupta KK, Jelks NO, Johnson VA, Katti M, Leggett Z, Wilson OR, Wilson S. Inclusion in citizen science: The conundrum of rebranding. Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abi6487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Does replacing the term “citizen science” do more harm than good?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caren B. Cooper
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Chris L. Hawn
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Lincoln R. Larson
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Julia K. Parrish
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Gillian Bowser
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Darlene Cavalier
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Robert R. Dunn
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | | | - Kaberi Kar Gupta
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | | | - Valerie A. Johnson
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Madhusudan Katti
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Zakiya Leggett
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Omega R. Wilson
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| | - Sacoby Wilson
- The list of author affilations is available in the supplementary materials
| |
Collapse
|