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Ackland GL, Abbott TEF. Hypotension as a marker or mediator of perioperative organ injury: a narrative review. Br J Anaesth 2022; 128:915-930. [PMID: 35151462 PMCID: PMC9204667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Perioperative hypotension has been repeatedly associated with organ injury and worse outcome, yet many interventions to reduce morbidity by attempting to avoid or reverse hypotension have floundered. In part, this reflects uncertainty as to what threshold of hypotension is relevant in the perioperative setting. Shifting population-based definitions for hypertension, plus uncertainty regarding individualised norms before surgery, both present major challenges in constructing useful clinical guidelines that may help improve clinical outcomes. Aside from these major pragmatic challenges, a wealth of biological mechanisms that underpin the development of higher blood pressure, particularly with increasing age, suggest that hypotension (however defined) or lower blood pressure per se does not account solely for developing organ injury after major surgery. The mosaic theory of hypertension, first proposed more than 60 yr ago, incorporates multiple, complementary mechanistic pathways through which clinical (macrovascular) attempts to minimise perioperative organ injury may unintentionally subvert protective or adaptive pathways that are fundamental in shaping the integrative host response to injury and inflammation. Consideration of the mosaic framework is critical for a more complete understanding of the perioperative response to acute sterile and infectious inflammation. The largely arbitrary treatment of perioperative blood pressure remains rudimentary in the context of multiple complex adaptive hypertensive endotypes, defined by distinct functional or pathobiological mechanisms, including the regulation of reactive oxygen species, autonomic dysfunction, and inflammation. Developing coherent strategies for the management of perioperative hypotension requires smarter, mechanistically solid interventions delivered by RCTs where observer bias is minimised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth L Ackland
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Tom E F Abbott
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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2
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Ripollés-Melchor J, Aldecoa C, Alday-Muñoz E, Del Río S, Batalla A, Del-Cojo-Peces E, Uña-Orejón R, Muñoz-Rodés JL, Lorente JV, Espinosa ÁV, Ferrando-Ortolà C, Jover JL, Abad-Gurumeta A, Ramírez-Rodríguez JM, Abad-Motos A. Intraoperative crystalloid utilization variability and association with postoperative outcomes: A post hoc analysis of two multicenter prospective cohort studies. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE ANESTESIOLOGÍA Y REANIMACIÓN 2021; 68:373-383. [PMID: 34364826 DOI: 10.1016/j.redare.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal regimen for intravenous administration of intraoperative fluids remains unclear. Our goal was to analyze intraoperative crystalloid volume administration practices and their association with postoperative outcomes. METHODS We extracted clinical data from two multicenter observational studies including adult patients undergoing colorectal surgery and total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA). We analyzed the distribution of intraoperative fluid administration. Regression was performed using a general linear model to determine factors predictive of fluid administration. Patient outcomes and intraoperative crystalloid utilization were summarized for each surgical cohort. Regression models were developed to evaluate associations of high or low intraoperative crystalloid with the likelihood of increased postoperative complications, mainly acute kidney injury (AKI) and hospital length of stay (LOS). RESULTS 7580 patients were included. The average adjusted intraoperative crystalloid infusion rate across all surgeries was to 7.9 (SD 4) mL/kg/h. The regression model strongly favored the type of surgery over other patient predictors. We found that high fluid volume was associated with 40% greater odds ratio (OR 1.40; 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.95, p = 0.044) of postoperative complications in patients undergoing THA, while we found no associations for the other types of surgeries, AKI and LOS CONCLUSIONS: A wide variability was observed in intraoperative crystalloid volume administration; however, this did not affect postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ripollés-Melchor
- Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - C Aldecoa
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia y Cuidados Críticos, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - E Alday-Muñoz
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Del Río
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Batalla
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Del-Cojo-Peces
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Don Benito Vilanueva, Badajoz, Spain
| | - R Uña-Orejón
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Muñoz-Rodés
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - J V Lorente
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jimenez, Huelva, Spain
| | - Á V Espinosa
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia and Critical Care. MKCC Mohammed Bin Khalifa Cardiac Center, Royal Medical Services, Awali, Bahrain
| | - C Ferrando-Ortolà
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesiología y Cuidados Críticos, Hospital Clínic, Institut D'investigació August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Jover
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Virgen de Los Lirios, Alcoy, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Abad-Gurumeta
- Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J M Ramírez-Rodríguez
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Abad-Motos
- Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain; Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, Spain; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, Spain
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3
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Boysen SR, Gommeren K. Assessment of Volume Status and Fluid Responsiveness in Small Animals. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:630643. [PMID: 34124213 PMCID: PMC8193042 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.630643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous fluids are an essential component of shock management in human and veterinary emergency and critical care to increase cardiac output and improve tissue perfusion. Unfortunately, there are very few evidence-based guidelines to help direct fluid therapy in the clinical setting. Giving insufficient fluids and/or administering fluids too slowly to hypotensive patients with hypovolemia can contribute to continued hypoperfusion and increased morbidity and mortality. Similarly, giving excessive fluids to a volume unresponsive patient can contribute to volume overload and can equally increase morbidity and mortality. Therefore, assessing a patient's volume status and fluid responsiveness, and monitoring patient's response to fluid administration is critical in maintaining the balance between meeting a patient's fluid needs vs. contributing to complications of volume overload. This article will focus on the physiology behind fluid responsiveness and the methodologies used to estimate volume status and fluid responsiveness in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren R Boysen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kris Gommeren
- Department of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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4
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Ripollés-Melchor J, Aldecoa C, Alday-Muñoz E, Del Río S, Batalla A, Del-Cojo-Peces E, Uña-Orejón R, Muñoz-Rodés JL, Lorente JV, Espinosa ÁV, Ferrando-Ortolà C, Jover JL, Abad-Gurumeta A, Ramírez-Rodríguez JM, Abad-Motos A. Intraoperative crystalloid utilization variability and association with postoperative outcomes: A post hoc analysis of two multicenter prospective cohort studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [PMID: 33752893 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal regimen for intravenous administration of intraoperative fluids remains unclear. Our goal was to analyze intraoperative crystalloid volume administration practices and their association with postoperative outcomes. METHODS We extracted clinical data from two multicenter observational studies including adult patients undergoing colorectal surgery and total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA). We analyzed the distribution of intraoperative fluid administration. Regression was performed using a general linear model to determine factors predictive of fluid administration. Patient outcomes and intraoperative crystalloid utilization were summarized for each surgical cohort. Regression models were developed to evaluate associations of high or low intraoperative crystalloid with the likelihood of increased postoperative complications, mainly acute kidney injury (AKI) and hospital length of stay (LOS). RESULTS 7,580 patients were included. The average adjusted intraoperative crystalloid infusion rate across all surgeries was to 7.9 (SD 4) mL/kg/h. The regression model strongly favored the type of surgery over other patient predictors. We found that high fluid volume was associated with 40% greater odds ratio (OR 1.40; 95% confidence interval1.01-1.95, p = 0.044) of postoperative complications in patients undergoing THA, while we found no associations for the other types of surgeries, AKI and LOS CONCLUSIONS: A wide variability was observed in intraoperative crystalloid volume administration; however, this did not affect postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ripollés-Melchor
- Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España; Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España.
| | - C Aldecoa
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia y Cuidados Críticos, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España
| | - E Alday-Muñoz
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, España
| | - S Del Río
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, España
| | - A Batalla
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario Sant Pau, Barcelona, España
| | - E Del-Cojo-Peces
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Don Benito Villanueva, Badajoz, España
| | - R Uña-Orejón
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
| | - J L Muñoz-Rodés
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, España
| | - J V Lorente
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jimenez, Huelva, España
| | - Á V Espinosa
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia and Critical Care, MKCC Mohammed Bin Khalifa Cardiac Center, Royal Medical Services, Awali, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - C Ferrando-Ortolà
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesiología y Cuidados Críticos, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - J L Jover
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Virgen de Los Lirios, Alcoy, Alicante, España
| | - A Abad-Gurumeta
- Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España; Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España
| | - J M Ramírez-Rodríguez
- Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España
| | - A Abad-Motos
- Departamento de Anestesia y Medicina Perioperatoria, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España; Spanish Perioperative Audit and Research Network (REDGERM), Zaragoza, España; Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM), Zaragoza, España
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5
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Malbrain MLNG, Langer T, Annane D, Gattinoni L, Elbers P, Hahn RG, De Laet I, Minini A, Wong A, Ince C, Muckart D, Mythen M, Caironi P, Van Regenmortel N. Intravenous fluid therapy in the perioperative and critical care setting: Executive summary of the International Fluid Academy (IFA). Ann Intensive Care 2020; 10:64. [PMID: 32449147 PMCID: PMC7245999 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-020-00679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravenous fluid administration should be considered as any other pharmacological prescription. There are three main indications: resuscitation, replacement, and maintenance. Moreover, the impact of fluid administration as drug diluent or to preserve catheter patency, i.e., fluid creep, should also be considered. As for antibiotics, intravenous fluid administration should follow the four Ds: drug, dosing, duration, de-escalation. Among crystalloids, balanced solutions limit acid–base alterations and chloride load and should be preferred, as this likely prevents renal dysfunction. Among colloids, albumin, the only available natural colloid, may have beneficial effects. The last decade has seen growing interest in the potential harms related to fluid overloading. In the perioperative setting, appropriate fluid management that maintains adequate organ perfusion while limiting fluid administration should represent the standard of care. Protocols including a restrictive continuous fluid administration alongside bolus administration to achieve hemodynamic targets have been proposed. A similar approach should be considered also for critically ill patients, in whom increased endothelial permeability makes this strategy more relevant. Active de-escalation protocols may be necessary in a later phase. The R.O.S.E. conceptual model (Resuscitation, Optimization, Stabilization, Evacuation) summarizes accurately a dynamic approach to fluid therapy, maximizing benefits and minimizing harms. Even in specific categories of critically ill patients, i.e., with trauma or burns, fluid therapy should be carefully applied, considering the importance of their specific aims; maintaining peripheral oxygen delivery, while avoiding the consequences of fluid overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu L N G Malbrain
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Brussels (UZB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Jette, Belgium. .,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, Jette, 1090, Belgium. .,International Fluid Academy, Lovenjoel, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Langer
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Djillali Annane
- General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital (GHU APHP Université Paris Saclay), U1173 Inflammation & Infection, School of Medicine Simone Veil, UVSQ-University Paris Saclay, 104 Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380, Garches, France
| | - Luciano Gattinoni
- Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paul Elbers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert G Hahn
- Karolinska Institutet at Danderyds Hospital (KIDS), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inneke De Laet
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen, ZNA Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Andrea Minini
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Brussels (UZB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Jette, Belgium
| | - Adrian Wong
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Anaesthesia, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Can Ince
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Laboratory of Translational Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Muckart
- Department of Surgery, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Level I Trauma Unit and Trauma Intensive Care Unit, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - Monty Mythen
- University College London Hospitals, National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Pietro Caironi
- SCDU Anestesia e Rianimazione, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Niels Van Regenmortel
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen, ZNA Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen, ZNA Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium
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6
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Abstract
An appropriate perioperative infusion management is pivotal for the perioperative outcome of the patient. Optimization of the perioperative fluid treatment often results in enhanced postoperative outcome, reduced perioperative complications and shortened hospitalization. Hypovolemia as well as hypervolemia can lead to an increased rate of perioperative complications. The main goal is to maintain perioperative euvolemia by goal-directed therapy (GDT), a combination of fluid management and inotropic medication, to optimize perfusion conditions in the perioperative period; however, perioperative fluid management should also include the preoperative and postoperative periods. This encompasses the preoperative administration of carbohydrate-rich drinks up to 2 h before surgery. In the postoperative period, patients should be encouraged to start per os hydration early and excessive i.v. fluid administration should be avoided. Implementation of a comprehensive multimodal, goal-directed fluid management within an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol is efficient but the exact status of indovodual items remains unclear at present.
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8
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Kaufmann T, Saugel B, Scheeren TWL. Perioperative goal-directed therapy - What is the evidence? Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2019; 33:179-187. [PMID: 31582097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative goal-directed therapy aims at optimizing global hemodynamics during the perioperative period by titrating fluids, vasopressors, and/or inotropes to predefined hemodynamic goals. There is evidence on the benefit of perioperative goal-directed therapy, but its adoption into clinical practice is slow and incomprehensive. Current evidence indicates that treating patients according to perioperative goal-directed therapy protocols reduces morbidity and mortality, particularly in patients having high-risk surgery. Perioperative goal-directed therapy protocols need to be started early, should include vasoactive agents in addition to fluids, and should target blood flow related variables. Future promising developments in the field of perioperative goal-directed therapy include personalized hemodynamic management and closed-loop system management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kaufmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Bernd Saugel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas W L Scheeren
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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9
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Closed-loop hemodynamic management. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2019; 33:199-209. [PMID: 31582099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the operating room and intensive care settings become increasingly complex, the required vigilance practitioners must dedicate to a wide array of clinical systems has increased concordantly. The resulting shortage of available attention to these various clinical tasks creates a vacuum for the introduction of systems that can administer well-established goal-directed therapies without significant provider feedback. Recently, there has been an explosion of academic exploration into creating such automated systems, with a strong specific focus on hemodynamic control. Within this field, the largest focus has been on goal-directed fluid therapy as systems automating vasopressor administration have only recently become viable options. Our goal in this review article is to summarize the validity of the relevant goal-directed hemodynamic systems and explore the expanding role of automation within these systems.
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Keane
- Department of Anaesthesia, Casey Hospital, 52 Kangan Drive, Berwick, Melbourne, Victoria 3806, Australia.,Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - C Berg
- Department of Economics, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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11
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Menger J, Fischer A, Mouhieddine M, Seidel M, Edlinger-Stanger M, Bevilacqua M, Hiesmayr M, Dworschak M. Evaluation of an active decision support system for hemodynamic optimization during elective major vascular surgery. Minerva Anestesiol 2019; 85:288-297. [DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.18.12848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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12
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Martin D, Lykoudis PM, Jones G, Highton D, Shaw A, James S, Wei Q, Fusai G. Impact of postoperative intravenous fluid administration on complications following elective hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2018; 17:402-407. [PMID: 30243876 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of perioperative intravenous fluid administration on surgical outcomes has been documented in literature, but not specifically studied in the context of hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery. This study aimed to investigate the impact of postoperative intravenous fluid administration on intensive care unit (ICU), in this subgroup of patients. METHODS A single-center retrospective cohort of 241 HPB patients was assessed, focusing on intravenous fluid administration in ICU, during the first 24 h. Intravenous fluid variables were compared to hospital stay and postoperative complications. Data were assessed using Spearman's correlation test for bivariate correlations and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. RESULTS The median volume of intravenous fluid administered in the first 24 h postoperatively was 4380 mL, of which 2200 mL was crystalloid, 1500 mL colloid and 680 mL "other" fluid. Patients with one or more complications had a higher median total intravenous fluid input (4790 vs. 4300 mL), higher colloid volume (2000 vs. 1500 mL), lower urine output (1595 vs. 1900 mL) and greater overall fluid balance (+3040 vs.+2553 mL) than those without complications. There were correlations between total intravenous fluid volume administered (r = 0.278, P < 0.001), intravenous colloid input (r = 0.278, P < 0.001), urine output (r = -0.295, P < 0.001), positive fluid balance (r = 0.344, P < 0.001) and length of hospital stay. Logistic regression model was constructed to predict the occurrence of one or more complications; total intravenous fluid volume and overall fluid balance were both independent significant predictors (OR = 2.463, P = 0.007; OR = 1.001, P = 0.011; respectively). CONCLUSIONS Administration of high volumes of intravenous fluids in the first 24 hours post-HPB surgery, along with higher positive fluid balance is associated with a higher rate of complications and longer hospital stay. Moreover, lower urine output is associated with longer hospital stay. Whether these are the cause of complications or the result of them remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martin
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Royal Free Perioperative Research Group, Royal Free Hospital, Pond st, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Panagis M Lykoudis
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, Pond st, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
| | - Gabriel Jones
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - David Highton
- Neurocritical Care Unit, the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Alan Shaw
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Sarah James
- Royal Free Perioperative Research Group, Royal Free Hospital, Pond st, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Qiang Wei
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Giuseppe Fusai
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery & Liver Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, Pond st, London, NW3 2QG, UK
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13
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Makaryus R, Miller T, Gan T. Current concepts of fluid management in enhanced recovery pathways. Br J Anaesth 2018; 120:376-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Ramsay G, Baggaley A, Vaughan Shaw PG, Soltanmohammadi E, Ventham N, Guat Shi N, Pearson R, Knight SR, Forde CT, Moore N, Kilkenny J, Clement KD, Kumar M. Variability in the prescribing of intravenous fluids: A cross sectional multicentre analysis of clinical practice. Int J Surg 2018; 51:199-204. [PMID: 29407251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Intravenous (IV) fluid administration continues to be a mainstay of care in General Surgery. Yet if they are prescribed incorrectly significant morbidity including electrolyte abnormalities, renal impairment and cardiac failure can develop. Despite this, it is frequently the responsibility of the most junior staff to prescribe IV fluids. We aim to analyse the understanding of IV fluid prescribing amongst junior doctors and to describe variability in clinical practice. METHODS We undertook a multicentre questionnaire study. Foundation doctors and specialty trainees were invited to undertake a two part paper-based questionnaire. Part one analysed baseline knowledge of the concentration of commonly prescribed fluids. Part two consisted of four clinical vignettes requiring a IV fluid prescribing decision by the surveyed doctor. RESULTS A total of 143 Doctors working in 8 hospitals were recruited. 65 (45.5%) doctors correctly stated the daily maintenance fluid requirements of water for an adult (25-30 mls/kg/day), while only 54 (37.8%) knew the sodium concentration of 0.9% NaCl. Lack of postgraduate experience (p = 0.011), qualifying from a medical school outside the United Kingdom (p < 0.0001) and working in one of the eight hospitals in this study (p < 0.0001) were associated with a lower knowledge level. There was limited consensus in prescribing in the responses to the 4 clinical scenarios, with 69 unique combinations of fluid choice, rate and volume prescribed. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of the constituents of common IV fluids and routine requirement for fluid and common electrolytes is poor across junior doctors of all grades, driving large variation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ramsay
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary Surgical Department, United Kingdom.
| | - A Baggaley
- St Thomas' Hospital London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - N Ventham
- Victoria Hospital Kirkcaldy, United Kingdom
| | - Ng Guat Shi
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - R Pearson
- Monklands Hospital Airdrie, United Kingdom
| | - S R Knight
- Monklands Hospital Airdrie, United Kingdom
| | - C T Forde
- King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
| | - N Moore
- Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - J Kilkenny
- Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Kumar
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary Surgical Department, United Kingdom
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Aggarwal G, Peden CJ, Quiney NF. Improving Outcomes in Emergency General Surgery Patients: What Evidence Is Out There? Anesth Analg 2018. [PMID: 28632544 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Aggarwal
- From the *Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, United Kingdom; and †Department of Anesthesiology and USC Center for Health System Innovation, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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16
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Brandal D, Keller MS, Lee C, Grogan T, Fujimoto Y, Gricourt Y, Yamada T, Rahman S, Hofer I, Kazanjian K, Sack J, Mahajan A, Lin A, Cannesson M. Impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery and Opioid-Free Anesthesia on Opioid Prescriptions at Discharge From the Hospital: A Historical-Prospective Study. Anesth Analg 2017; 125:1784-1792. [PMID: 29049123 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United States is in the midst of an opioid epidemic, and opioid use disorder often begins with a prescription for acute pain. The perioperative period represents an important opportunity to prevent chronic opioid use, and recently there has been a paradigm shift toward implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols that promote opioid-free and multimodal analgesia. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of an ERAS intervention for colorectal surgery on discharge opioid prescribing practices. METHODS We conducted a historical-prospective quality improvement study of an ERAS protocol implemented for patients undergoing colorectal surgery with a focus on the opioid-free and multimodal analgesia components of the pathway. We compared patients undergoing colorectal surgery 1 year before implementation (June 15, 2015, to June 14, 2016) and 1 year after implementation (June 15, 2016, to June 14, 2017). RESULTS Before the ERAS intervention, opioids at discharge were not significantly increasing (1% per month; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1% to 3%; P = .199). Immediately after the ERAS intervention, opioid prescriptions were not significantly lower (13%; 95% CI, -30% to 3%; P = .110). After the intervention, the rate of opioid prescriptions at discharge did not decrease significantly 1% (95% CI, -3% to 1%) compared to the pre-period rate (P = .399). Subgroup analysis showed that in patients with a combination of low discharge pain scores, no preoperative opioid use, and low morphine milligram equivalents consumption before discharge, the rate of discharge opioid prescription was 72% (95% CI, 61%-83%). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to report discharge opioid prescribing practices in an ERAS setting. Although an ERAS intervention for colorectal surgery led to an increase in opioid-free anesthesia and multimodal analgesia, we did not observe an impact on discharge opioid prescribing practices. The majority of patients were discharged with an opioid prescription, including those with a combination of low discharge pain scores, no preoperative opioid use, and low morphine milligram equivalents consumption before discharge. This observation in the setting of an ERAS pathway that promotes multimodal analgesia suggests that our findings are very likely to also be observed in non-ERAS settings and offers an opportunity to modify opioid prescribing practices on discharge after surgery. For opioid-free anesthesia and multimodal analgesia to influence the opioid epidemic, the dose and quantity of the opioids prescribed should be modified based on the information gathered by in-hospital pain scores and opioid use as well as pain history before admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delara Brandal
- From the *Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; †UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angles, California; ‡Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan; §Department of Anesthesiology, Nimes University, Nimes, France; ∥Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and ¶Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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Michard F, Giglio M, Brienza N. Perioperative goal-directed therapy with uncalibrated pulse contour methods: impact on fluid management and postoperative outcome. Br J Anaesth 2017; 119:22-30. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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18
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Ripollés-Melchor J, Chappell D, Espinosa Á, Mhyten MG, Abad-Gurumeta A, Bergese SD, Casans-Francés R, Calvo-Vecino JM. Perioperative fluid therapy recommendations for major abdominal surgery. Via RICA recommendations revisited. Part I: Physiological background. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA Y REANIMACION 2017; 64:328-338. [PMID: 28364973 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ripollés-Melchor
- Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
| | - D Chappell
- Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario LMU de Múnich, Múnich, Alemania
| | - Á Espinosa
- Departamento de Anestesia Cardiovascular y Torácica, y Cuidados Intensivos, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Riffa, Reino de Baréin
| | - M G Mhyten
- University College London Hospital, National Institute of Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, Londres, Reino Unido
| | - A Abad-Gurumeta
- Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - S D Bergese
- Departamento de Anestesia y Neurocirugía, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, Estados Unidos
| | - R Casans-Francés
- Departamento de Anestesia, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España
| | - J M Calvo-Vecino
- Departamento de Anestesia, Complejo Asistencial de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, España
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A mini volume loading test (mVLT) using 2.5-mLkg -1 boluses of crystalloid for indication of perioperative changes in hydration status. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2016; 52:354-365. [PMID: 27932196 DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A mini volume loading test (mVLT) evaluating hemodilution during step-wise crystalloid infusion has established that the arterio-capillary plasma dilution difference is inversely correlated to the body hydration level of subjects. This observational study aimed to test whether this can be replicated in a perioperative setting using a 2.5-mLkg-1 boluses. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mVLT was performed before induction of regional anesthesia and 24h later. Step-wise infusion implied six mini fluid challenges. These consisted of 2.5-mLkg-1 boluses of Ringer's acetate infused during 2-3min and followed by 5-min periods with no fluids. Invasive (arterial) and noninvasive (capillary) measurements of hemoglobin were performed before and after each mini fluid challenge, as well as after a 20-min period without fluid following the last bolus. Hemoglobins were used to calculate the arterio-capillary plasma dilution difference which is used as an indication of changes in body hydration level. The 24-h fluid balance was calculated. RESULTS Subjects were 69.5 (6.0) years old, their height was 1.62m (1.56-1.65), weight was 87.0kg (75.5-97.5) and body mass index (BMI) was 33.5kg/m2 (31.0-35.1). Preoperative arterio-capillary plasma dilution difference was significantly higher than postoperative (0.085 [0.012-0.141] vs. 0.006 [-0.059 to 0.101], P=0.000). The perioperative 24-h fluid balance was 1976mL (870-2545). CONCLUSIONS The mVLT using 2.5-mLkg-1 boluses of crystalloid was able to detect the higher postoperative body hydration level in total knee arthroplasty patients.
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Song IK, Ro S, Lee JH, Kim EH, Kim HS, Bahk JH, Kim JT. Reference Levels for Central Venous Pressure and Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure Monitoring in the Lateral Position. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2016; 31:939-943. [PMID: 27919724 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate reference levels for central venous pressure or pulmonary artery occlusion pressure monitoring in a lateral position. DESIGN Retrospective observational study. SETTING A tertiary university hospital. PARTICIPANTS A total of 204 adults who underwent chest computed tomography scan in the 90° lateral position from November 2006 to February 2015. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Distances from the mid-sternum to the uppermost and lowermost blood levels of both atria were measured. Ratios of the distance from the bottom of the thorax to the uppermost and the lowermost blood levels of both atria to the largest diameter of the thorax were calculated. There were significant differences between the distances from the mid-sternum to the uppermost and the lowermost blood levels of the right atrium and those of the left atrium in the right and left lateral positions, respectively. There were significant differences in the uppermost (3.3±0.1 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.1-3.5) and the lowermost (4.4±0.1 cm; 95% CI 4.2-4.7) blood levels of the right atrium between the right and left lateral positions. Although the uppermost (1.5±0.1 cm; 95% CI 1.3-1.8) and the lowermost (0.4±0.1 cm; 95% CI 0.2-0.6) blood levels of the left atrium between the right and left lateral positions showed differences, their extent was smaller than the right atrium. The uppermost and the lowermost blood levels of the right atrium lay lower than those of the left atrium in the 90° right lateral position. In contrast, in the 90° left lateral position, the uppermost and the lowermost blood levels of the right atrium lay higher than those of the left atrium. CONCLUSIONS When monitoring the central venous pressure and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure with patients in the lateral position, changes in the blood level of both atria should be considered when releveling the reference transducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Kyung Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohan Ro
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyon Bahk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Tae Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Della Rocca G, Vetrugno L. What is the Goal of Fluid Management "Optimization"? Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim 2016; 44:224-226. [PMID: 27909599 DOI: 10.5152/tjar.2016.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Della Rocca
- University of Udine, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Udine, Italy
| | - Luigi Vetrugno
- University of Udine, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Udine, Italy
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Ripollés-Melchor J, Casans-Francés R, Espinosa A, Abad-Gurumeta A, Feldheiser A, López-Timoneda F, Calvo-Vecino JM. Goal directed hemodynamic therapy based in esophageal Doppler flow parameters: A systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA Y REANIMACION 2016; 63:384-405. [PMID: 26873025 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have compared perioperative esophageal doppler monitoring (EDM) guided intravascular volume replacement strategies with conventional clinical volume replacement in surgical patients. The use of the EDM within hemodynamic algorithms is called 'goal directed hemodynamic therapy' (GDHT). METHODS Meta-analysis of the effects of EDM guided GDHT in adult non-cardiac surgery on postoperative complications and mortality using PRISMA methodology. A systematic search was performed in Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (last update, March 2015). INCLUSION CRITERIA Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in which perioperative GDHT was compared to other fluid management. PRIMARY OUTCOMES Overall complications. SECONDARY OUTCOMES Mortality; number of patients with complications; cardiac, renal and infectious complications; incidence of ileus. Studies were subjected to quantifiable analysis, pre-defined subgroup analysis (stratified by surgery, type of comparator and risk); pre-defined sensitivity analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA). RESULTS Fifty six RCTs were initially identified, 15 fulfilling the inclusion criteria, including 1,368 patients. A significant reduction was observed in overall complications associated with GDHT compared to other fluid therapy (RR=0.75; 95%CI: 0.63-0.89; P=0.0009) in colorectal, urological and high-risk surgery compared to conventional fluid therapy. No differences were found in secondary outcomes, neither in other subgroups. The impact on preventing the development of complications in patients using EDM is high, causing a relative risk reduction (RRR) of 50% for a number needed to treat (NNT)=6. CONCLUSIONS GDHT guided by EDM decreases postoperative complications, especially in patients undergoing colorectal surgery and high-risk surgery. However, no differences versus restrictive fluid therapy and in intermediate-risk patients were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ripollés-Melchor
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Servicio de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España.
| | - R Casans-Francés
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza. Servicio de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España
| | - A Espinosa
- Department of Anesthesia, Center of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery and Intensive Care, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Suecia
| | - A Abad-Gurumeta
- Servicio de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
| | - A Feldheiser
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Charité Virchow-Klinikum, Berlín, Alemania
| | - F López-Timoneda
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Servicio de Anestesia, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, España
| | - J M Calvo-Vecino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Servicio de Anestesia, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España
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Raising Standards for Fluid Management: Keep It Up! Crit Care Med 2016; 44:1020-2. [PMID: 27083020 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Harris B, Schopflin C, Khaghani C, Edwards M. Perioperative intravenous fluid prescribing: a multi-centre audit. Perioper Med (Lond) 2015; 4:15. [PMID: 26688719 PMCID: PMC4683958 DOI: 10.1186/s13741-015-0025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive or inadequate intravenous fluid given in the perioperative period can affect outcomes. A number of guidelines exist but these can conflict with the entrenched practice, evidence base and prescriber knowledge. We conducted a multi-centre audit of intraoperative and postoperative intravenous fluid therapy to investigate fluid administration practice and frequency of postoperative electrolyte disturbances. Methods A retrospective audit was done in five hospitals of adult patients undergoing elective major abdominal, gastrointestinal tract or orthopaedic surgery. The type, volume and quantity of fluid and electrolytes administered during surgery and in 3 days postoperatively was calculated, and electrolyte disturbances were studied using clinical records. Results Data from four hundred thirty-one patients in five hospitals covering 1157 intravenous fluid days were collected. Balanced crystalloid solutions were almost universally used in the operating theatre and were also the most common fluid administered postoperatively, followed by hypotonic dextrose-saline solutions and 0.9 % sodium chloride. For three common uncomplicated elective operations, the volume of fluid administered intraoperatively demonstrated considerable variability. Over half of the patients received no postoperative fluid on day 1, and even more were commenced on free oral fluids immediately postoperatively or on day 1. Postoperative quantities of sodium exceeded the recommended amounts for maintenance in half of the patients who continued to receive intravenous fluids. Potassium administration in those receiving intravenous fluids was almost universally inadequate. Hypokalaemia and hyponatraemia were the common findings. Conclusions We documented the current clinical practice and confirmed that early free oral fluids and cessation of any intravenous fluids is common postoperatively in keeping with the aims of enhanced recovery after surgery programmes. Excessive sodium and water and inadequate potassium in those given intravenous fluids postoperatively is common and needs to be investigated. The variation in intraoperative fluid volume administration for three common procedures is considerable and in keeping with other international studies. Future trials of fluid therapy should include the intraoperative and postoperative phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Harris
- Academic Department of Critical Care, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth, PO6 3LY UK
| | - Christian Schopflin
- Anaesthetic Department, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth, PO6 3LY UK
| | - Clare Khaghani
- Anaesthetic Department, Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Romsey Road, Winchester, , Hampshire SO22 5DG UK
| | - Mark Edwards
- Anaesthetic Department Mail Point 24, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
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Goyal R. What's in a name? Br J Anaesth 2015; 115:329-30. [PMID: 26170367 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aev238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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