1
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Qin R, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Chen J, Huang L, Xu W, Qin Q, Liang X, Lai X, Huang X, Xie M, Chen L. Decoding single-cell molecular mechanisms in astrocyte-to-iN reprogramming via Ngn2- and Pax6-mediated direct lineage switching. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:390. [PMID: 39068473 PMCID: PMC11282629 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01989-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The limited regenerative capacity of damaged neurons in adult mammals severely restricts neural repair. Although stem cell transplantation is promising, its clinical application remains challenging. Direct reprogramming, which utilizes cell plasticity to regenerate neurons, is an emerging alternative approach. METHODS We utilized primary postnatal cortical astrocytes for reprogramming induced neurons (iNs) through the viral-mediated overexpression of the transcription factors Ngn2 and Pax6 (NP). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) was used to enrich successfully transfected cells, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) using the 10 × Genomics platform for comprehensive transcriptomic analysis. RESULTS The scRNA-seq revealed that NP overexpression led to the differentiation of astrocytes into iNs, with percentages of 36% and 39.3% on days 4 and 7 posttransduction, respectively. CytoTRACE predicted the developmental sequence, identifying astrocytes as the reprogramming starting point. Trajectory analysis depicted the dynamic changes in gene expression during the astrocyte-to-iN transition. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidates the molecular dynamics underlying astrocyte reprogramming into iNs, revealing key genes and pathways involved in this process. Our research contributes novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of NP-mediated reprogramming, suggesting avenues for optimizing the efficiency of the reprogramming process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxing Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yingdan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- National Center for International Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jiafeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- National Center for International Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- National Center for International Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- National Center for International Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qingchun Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- National Center for International Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaojun Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xinyu Lai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Minshan Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- National Center for International Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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2
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Scherer SS, Svaren J. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Myelin Diseases. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041376. [PMID: 38253417 PMCID: PMC11065170 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
This is a review of inherited and acquired causes of human demyelinating neuropathies and a subset of disorders that affect axon-Schwann cell interactions. Nearly all inherited demyelinating neuropathies are caused by mutations in genes that are expressed by myelinating Schwann cells, affecting diverse functions in a cell-autonomous manner. The most common acquired demyelinating neuropathies are Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic, inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, both of which are immune-mediated. An additional group of inherited and acquired disorders affect axon-Schwann cell interactions in the nodal region. Overall, these disorders affect the formation of myelin and its maintenance, with superimposed axonal loss that is clinically important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven S Scherer
- Department of Neurology, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - John Svaren
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA
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3
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Rueda AD, Salvador-Martínez I, Sospedra-Arrufat I, Alcaina-Caro A, Fernández-Miñán A, Burgos-Ruiz AM, Cases I, Mohedano A, Tena JJ, Heyn H, Lopez-Rios J, Nusspaumer G. The cellular landscape of the endochondral bone during the transition to extrauterine life. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:131-148. [PMID: 38184783 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The cellular complexity of the endochondral bone underlies its essential and pleiotropic roles during organismal life. While the adult bone has received significant attention, we still lack a deep understanding of the perinatal bone cellulome. Here, we have profiled the full composition of the murine endochondral bone at the single-cell level during the transition from fetal to newborn life and in comparison with the adult tissue, with particular emphasis on the mesenchymal compartment. The perinatal bone contains different fibroblastic clusters with blastema-like characteristics in organizing and supporting skeletogenesis, angiogenesis and hematopoiesis. Our data also suggest dynamic inter- and intra-compartment interactions, as well as a bone marrow milieu that seems prone to anti-inflammation, which we hypothesize is necessary to ensure the proper program of lymphopoiesis and the establishment of central and peripheral tolerance in early life. Our study provides an integrative roadmap for the future design of genetic and cellular functional assays to validate cellular interactions and lineage relationships within the perinatal bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Díaz Rueda
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Irepan Salvador-Martínez
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ismael Sospedra-Arrufat
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Alcaina-Caro
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Miñán
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana M Burgos-Ruiz
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Ildefonso Cases
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Alberto Mohedano
- Intensive Care Unit, Severo Ochoa University Hospital Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Tena
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Holger Heyn
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Lopez-Rios
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
- Universidad Loyola Andalucía, School of Health Sciences, Dos Hermanas, Seville, Spain
| | - Gretel Nusspaumer
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
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4
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Zhang L, Wei X. SynCAMs in Normal Vertebrate Neural Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: from the Perspective of the OCAs. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:358-371. [PMID: 37607992 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal synaptic junctions connect neurons to enable neuronal signal transmission in the nervous system. The proper establishment of synaptic connections required many adhesion molecules. Malfunctions of these adhesion molecules can result in neural development disorders and neuropsychiatric disorders. How specific synapses are established by various adhesion molecules for proper neural circuitry is a fundamental question of neuroscience. SynCAMs, also named CADMs, Necl, etc., are among the many adhesion proteins found in synapses. Here, we review the current understanding of the physical properties of SynCAMs and their roles in axon pathfinding, myelination, synaptogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. In addition, we discuss the involvement of SynCAMs in neuropsychiatric disorders. Finally, we propose that SynCAM functions can be better viewed and understood from the perspective of orientational cell adhesions (OCAs). In particular, we discuss the possibilities of how SynCAMs can be regulated at the cell-type specific expression, transcription variants, posttranslational modification, and subcellular localization to modulate the diversity of SynCAMs as OCA molecules. Being major components of the synapses, SynCAMs continue to be an important research topic of neuroscience, and many outstanding questions are waiting to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Xiangyun Wei
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Developmental Biology, and Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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5
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Yalcouyé A, Rebelo AP, Cissé L, Rives L, Bamba S, Cogan J, Esoh K, Diarra S, Ezell KM, Taméga A, Guinto CO, Dohrn MF, Hamid R, Fischbeck KH, Zuchner S, Landouré G. Novel variant in CADM3 causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad227. [PMID: 38074074 PMCID: PMC10702457 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
CADM3 has been recently reported causing a rare axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in three independent Caucasian families carrying a recurrent change. We describe the first alternative causative mutation in CADM3 in a family from black African and also observed de novo in a patient of Caucasian ancestry. The disease inheritance was consistent with autosomal dominant and sporadic patterns, respectively. Eight patients and their relatives were enroled from both families. The mean age at diagnosis was 33.9 years, and walking difficulty was commonly the first symptom. Neurological examination showed distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss and foot and hand deformities. A high clinical variability was noted, but as seen in CADM3-associated neuropathy, symptoms were more pronounced in the arms in some patients. Nerve conduction studies showed no response in most of the examined nerves, and an axonal type of neuropathy, where recorded. Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel missense variant (c.1102G>T; Gly368Cys) in CADM3, segregating with the disease. Functional analyses showed a significant decrease in CADM3-Gly368Cys protein levels in the membrane and major structural changes in its predicted secondary structure. Therefore, we extend the genotype spectrum of CADM3, underlining the need for genetic studies in underrepresented populations like in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulaye Yalcouyé
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adriana P Rebelo
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Lassana Cissé
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
| | - Lynette Rives
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Salia Bamba
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
| | - Joy Cogan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Kevin Esoh
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Salimata Diarra
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, USA
| | - Kimberly M Ezell
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Abdoulaye Taméga
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
| | - Cheick O Guinto
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Point ‘G’, Bamako, Mali
| | - Maike F Dohrn
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rizwan Hamid
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Kenneth H Fischbeck
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, USA
| | - Stephan Zuchner
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Guida Landouré
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, USA
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Point ‘G’, Bamako, Mali
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6
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Chelslín F, Lodefalk M, Kruse R. Smoking during pregnancy is associated with the placental proteome. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 119:108409. [PMID: 37209868 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is a significant risk factor for the development of foetal, neonatal, and childhood morbidities. We hypothesized that infants exposed to MSDP have a distinct proteomic expression in their term placentas compared to infants without such an exposure. A total of 39 infants exposed (cord blood cotinine levels of >1 ng/mL) and 44 infants not exposed to MSDP were included in the study. Women with chronic disease, body mass index of > 30, or a history of uterine surgery were excluded. Total proteome abundance was analysed with quantitative mass spectrometry. For univariate analysis of differences in placental protein levels between groups, ANOVA with multiple testing corrections by the Benjamini-Hochberg method was used. For multivariate analysis, we used principal component analysis, partial least squares, lasso, random forest, and neural networks. The univariate analyses showed four differentially abundant proteins (PXDN, CYP1A1, GPR183, and KRT81) when heavy and moderate smoking groups were compared to non-smokers. With the help of machine learning, we found that an additional six proteins (SEPTIN3, CRAT, NAAA, CD248, CADM3, and ZNF648) were discriminants of MSDP. The placental abundance of these ten proteins together explained 74.1% of the variation in cord blood cotinine levels (p = 0.002). Infants exposed to MSDP showed differential abundance of proteins in term placentas. We report differential placental abundance of several proteins for the first time in the setting of MSDP. We believe that these findings supplement the current understanding of how MSDP affects the placental proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Chelslín
- University Health Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Maria Lodefalk
- University Health Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Robert Kruse
- Department of Clinical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC) and X-HiDE Consortium, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
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7
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Danzi MC, Dohrn MF, Fazal S, Beijer D, Rebelo AP, Cintra V, Züchner S. Deep structured learning for variant prioritization in Mendelian diseases. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4167. [PMID: 37443090 PMCID: PMC10345112 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective computer-aided or automated variant evaluations for monogenic diseases will expedite clinical diagnostic and research efforts of known and novel disease-causing genes. Here we introduce MAVERICK: a Mendelian Approach to Variant Effect pRedICtion built in Keras. MAVERICK is an ensemble of transformer-based neural networks that can classify a wide range of protein-altering single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and indels and assesses whether a variant would be pathogenic in the context of dominant or recessive inheritance. We demonstrate that MAVERICK outperforms all other major programs that assess pathogenicity in a Mendelian context. In a cohort of 644 previously solved patients with Mendelian diseases, MAVERICK ranks the causative pathogenic variant within the top five variants in over 95% of cases. Seventy-six percent of cases were solved by the top-ranked variant. MAVERICK ranks the causative pathogenic variant in hitherto novel disease genes within the first five candidate variants in 70% of cases. MAVERICK has already facilitated the identification of a novel disease gene causing a degenerative motor neuron disease. These results represent a significant step towards automated identification of causal variants in patients with Mendelian diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt C Danzi
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maike F Dohrn
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah Fazal
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Danique Beijer
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Adriana P Rebelo
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Vivian Cintra
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stephan Züchner
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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8
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Higuchi Y, Takashima H. Clinical genetics of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:199-214. [PMID: 35304567 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent research in the field of inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPNs) such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease has helped identify the causative genes provided better understanding of the pathogenesis, and unraveled potential novel therapeutic targets. Several reports have described the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, molecular pathogenesis, and novel causative genes for CMT/IPNs in Japan. Based on the functions of the causative genes identified so far, the following molecular and cellular mechanisms are believed to be involved in the causation of CMTs/IPNs: myelin assembly, cytoskeletal structure, myelin-specific transcription factor, nuclear related, endosomal sorting and cell signaling, proteasome and protein aggregation, mitochondria-related, motor proteins and axonal transport, tRNA synthetases and RNA metabolism, and ion channel-related mechanisms. In this article, we review the epidemiology, genetic diagnosis, and clinicogenetic characteristics of CMT in Japan. In addition, we discuss the newly identified novel causative genes for CMT/IPNs in Japan, namely MME and COA7. Identification of the new causes of CMT will facilitate in-depth characterization of the underlying molecular mechanisms of CMT, leading to the establishment of therapeutic approaches such as drug development and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Higuchi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
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9
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Song BG, Kwon SY, Kyung JW, Roh EJ, Choi H, Lim CS, An SB, Sohn S, Han I. Synaptic Cell Adhesion Molecule 3 (SynCAM3) Deletion Promotes Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury by Limiting Glial Scar Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116218. [PMID: 35682897 PMCID: PMC9181792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (SynCAMs) play an important role in the formation and maintenance of synapses and the regulation of synaptic plasticity. SynCAM3 is expressed in the synaptic cleft of the central nervous system (CNS) and is involved in the connection between axons and astrocytes. We hypothesized that SynCAM3 may be related to the astrocytic scar (glial scar, the most important factor of CNS injury treatment) through extracellular matrix (ECM) reconstitution. Thus, we investigated the influence of the selective removal of SynCAM3 on the outcomes of spinal cord injury (SCI). SynCAM3 knock-out (KO) mice were subjected to moderate compression injury of the lower thoracic spinal cord using wild-type (WT) (C57BL/6JJc1) mice as controls. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis over time, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed reduced scar formation in SynCAM3 KO mice compared to WT mice. SynCAM3 KO mice showed improved functional recovery from SCI by preventing the transformation of reactive astrocytes into scar-forming astrocytes, resulting in improved ECM reconstitution at four weeks after injury. Our findings suggest that SynCAM3 could be a novel therapeutic target for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Gwan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
- Department of Life Science, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Jae Won Kyung
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Eun Ji Roh
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
- Department of Life Science, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyemin Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Chang Su Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Seong Bae An
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Seil Sohn
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (B.G.S.); (S.Y.K.); (J.W.K.); (E.J.R.); (H.C.); (C.S.L.); (S.B.A.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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