1
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Fukushima R, Suzuki T, Kobayakawa A, Kamiya H. Action-at-a-distance mutations induced by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine are dependent on APOBEC3. Mutagenesis 2024; 39:24-31. [PMID: 37471265 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA oxidation is a serious threat to genome integrity and is involved in mutations and cancer initiation. The G base is most frequently damaged, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (GO, 8-hydroxyguanine) is one of the predominant damaged bases. In human cells, GO causes a G:C→T:A transversion mutation at the modified site, and also induces untargeted substitution mutations at the G bases of 5'-GpA-3' dinucleotides (action-at-a-distance mutations). The 5'-GpA-3' sequences are complementary to the 5'-TpC-3' sequences, the preferred substrates for apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) cytosine deaminases, and thus their contribution to mutagenesis has been considered. In this study, APOBEC3B, the most abundant APOBEC3 protein in human U2OS cells, was knocked down in human U2OS cells, and a GO-shuttle plasmid was then transfected into the cells. The action-at-a-distance mutations were reduced to ~25% by the knockdown, indicating that GO-induced action-at-a-distance mutations are highly dependent on APOBEC3B in this cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruriko Fukushima
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Akari Kobayakawa
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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2
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Kruchinin AA, Kamzeeva PN, Zharkov DO, Aralov AV, Makarova AV. 8-Oxoadenine: A «New» Player of the Oxidative Stress in Mammals? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1342. [PMID: 38279342 PMCID: PMC10816367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that oxidative modifications of guanine (7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, 8-oxoG) can affect cellular functions. 7,8-Dihydro-8-oxoadenine (8-oxoA) is another abundant paradigmatic ambiguous nucleobase but findings reported on the mutagenicity of 8-oxoA in bacterial and eukaryotic cells are incomplete and contradictory. Although several genotoxic studies have demonstrated the mutagenic potential of 8-oxoA in eukaryotic cells, very little biochemical and bioinformatics data about the mechanism of 8-oxoA-induced mutagenesis are available. In this review, we discuss dual coding properties of 8-oxoA, summarize historical and recent genotoxicity and biochemical studies, and address the main protective cellular mechanisms of response to 8-oxoA. We also discuss the available structural data for 8-oxoA bypass by different DNA polymerases as well as the mechanisms of 8-oxoA recognition by DNA repair enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Kruchinin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilova St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.); (P.N.K.)
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina N. Kamzeeva
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilova St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.); (P.N.K.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitry O. Zharkov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Aralov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alena V. Makarova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilova St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.); (P.N.K.)
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Suzuki T, Yoshida S, Kamiya H. Inhibition of Uracil DNA Glycosylase Alters Frequency and Spectrum of Action-at-a-Distance Mutations Induced by 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:1275-1281. [PMID: 38987176 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The generation of DNA damage causes mutations and consequently cancer. Reactive oxygen species are important sources of DNA damage and some mutation signatures found in human cancers. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (GO, 8-hydroxyguanine) is one of the most abundant oxidized bases and induces a G→T transversion mutation at the modified site. The damaged G base also causes untargeted base substitution mutations at the G bases of 5'-GpA-3' dinucleotides (action-at-a-distance mutations) in human cells, and the cytosine deaminase apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) is involved in the mutation process. The deaminated cytosine, i.e., uracil, bases are expected to be removed by uracil DNA glycosylase. Most of the substitution mutations at the G bases of 5'-GpA-3' might be caused by abasic sites formed by the glycosylase. In this study, we expressed the uracil DNA glycosylase inhibitor from Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage PBS2 in human U2OS cells and examined the effects on the GO-induced action-at-a-distance mutations. The inhibition of uracil DNA glycosylase increased the mutation frequency, and in particular, the frequency of G→A transitions. These results indicated that uracil DNA glycosylase, in addition to APOBEC3, is involved in the untargeted mutation process induced by GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Saho Yoshida
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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4
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Torres W, Pérez JL, Díaz MP, D’Marco L, Checa-Ros A, Carrasquero R, Angarita L, Gómez Y, Chacín M, Ramírez P, Villasmil N, Durán-Agüero S, Cano C, Bermúdez V. The Role of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Inflammation-Induced Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12623. [PMID: 37628804 PMCID: PMC10454572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a process involving cell mutation, increased proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Over the years, this condition has represented one of the most concerning health problems worldwide due to its significant morbidity and mortality. At present, the incidence of cancer continues to grow exponentially. Thus, it is imperative to open new avenues in cancer research to understand the molecular changes driving DNA transformation, cell-to-cell interaction derangements, and immune system surveillance decay. In this regard, evidence supports the relationship between chronic inflammation and cancer. In light of this, a group of bioactive lipids derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have a position as novel anti-inflammatory molecules known as the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a group of pro-resolutive inflammation agents that could improve the anti-tumor immunity. These molecules have the potential role of chemopreventive and therapeutic agents for various cancer types, and their effects have been documented in the scientific literature. Thus, this review objective centers around understanding the effect of SPMs on carcinogenesis and their potential therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wheeler Torres
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - José Luis Pérez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - María P. Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Luis D’Marco
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Cardiorrenales y Metabólicas, Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Checa-Ros
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Cardiorrenales y Metabólicas, Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Lissé Angarita
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile
| | - Yosselin Gómez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080022, Colombia
| | - Paola Ramírez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Nelson Villasmil
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Los Leones 8420524, Chile
| | - Clímaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080022, Colombia
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5
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Suzuki T, Zaima Y, Fujikawa Y, Fukushima R, Kamiya H. Paradoxical role of the major DNA repair protein, OGG1, in action-at-a-distance mutation induction by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine. DNA Repair (Amst) 2022; 111:103276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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6
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Foo BJA, Eu JQ, Hirpara JL, Pervaiz S. Interplay between Mitochondrial Metabolism and Cellular Redox State Dictates Cancer Cell Survival. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1341604. [PMID: 34777681 PMCID: PMC8580634 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1341604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which drives myriad cellular processes. In addition to their role in maintaining bioenergetic homeostasis, changes in mitochondrial metabolism, permeability, and morphology are critical in cell fate decisions and determination. Notably, mitochondrial respiration coupled with the passage of electrons through the electron transport chain (ETC) set up a potential source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). While low to moderate increase in intracellular ROS serves as secondary messenger, an overwhelming increase as a result of either increased production and/or deficient antioxidant defenses is detrimental to biomolecules, cells, and tissues. Since ROS and mitochondria both regulate cell fate, attention has been drawn to their involvement in the various processes of carcinogenesis. To that end, the link between a prooxidant milieu and cell survival and proliferation as well as a switch to mitochondrial OXPHOS associated with recalcitrant cancers provide testimony for the remarkable metabolic plasticity as an important hallmark of cancers. In this review, the regulation of cell redox status by mitochondrial metabolism and its implications for cancer cell fate will be discussed followed by the significance of mitochondria-targeted therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Joy-Anne Foo
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Qing Eu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Shazib Pervaiz
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Medicine Healthy Longevity Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program, NUS Graduate School, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Faculté de Médicine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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7
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Bacurio JHT, Yang H, Naldiga S, Powell BV, Ryan BJ, Freudenthal BD, Greenberg MM, Basu AK. Sequence context effects of replication of Fapy•dG in three mutational hot spot sequences of the p53 gene in human cells. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 108:103213. [PMID: 34464900 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fapy•dG and 8-OxodGuo are formed in DNA from a common N7-dG radical intermediate by reaction with hydroxyl radical. Although cellular levels of Fapy•dG are often greater, its effects on replication are less well understood than those of 8-OxodGuo. In this study plasmid DNA containing Fapy•dG in three mutational hotspots of human cancers, codons 248, 249, and 273 of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, was replicated in HEK 293T cells. TLS efficiencies for the Fapy•dG containing plasmids varied from 72 to 89%, and were further reduced in polymerase-deficient cells. The mutation frequency (MF) of Fapy•dG ranged from 7.3 to 11.6%, with G→T and G→A as major mutations in codons 248 and 249 compared to primarily G→T in codon 273. Increased MF in hPol ι-, hPol κ-, and hPol ζ-deficient cells suggested that these polymerases more frequently insert the correct nucleotide dC opposite Fapy•dG, whereas decreased G→A in codons 248 and 249 and reduction of all mutations in codon 273 in hPol λ-deficient cells indicated hPol λ's involvement in Fapy•dG mutagenesis. In vitro kinetic analysis using isolated translesion synthesis polymerases and hPol λ incompletely corroborated the mutagenesis experiments, indicating codependence on other proteins in the cellular milieu. In conclusion, Fapy•dG mutagenesis is dependent on the DNA sequence context, but its bypass by the TLS polymerases is largely error-free.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haozhe Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Spandana Naldiga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Brent V Powell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Benjamin J Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Bret D Freudenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Marc M Greenberg
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
| | - Ashis K Basu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
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8
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Suzuki T, Masuda H, Mori M, Ito R, Kamiya H. Action-at-a-distance mutations at 5'-GpA-3' sites induced by oxidized guanine in WRN-knockdown cells. Mutagenesis 2021; 36:349-357. [PMID: 34272950 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G:C sites distant from 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (G O, 8-hydroxyguanine) are frequently mutated when the lesion-bearing plasmid DNA is replicated in human cells with reduced Werner syndrome (WRN) protein. To detect the untargeted mutations preferentially, the oxidized guanine base was placed downstream of the reporter supF gene and the plasmid DNA was introduced into WRN-knockdown cells. The total mutant frequency seemed higher in the WRN-knockdown cells as compared to the control cells. Mutation analyses revealed that substitution mutations occurred at the G:C pairs of 5'-GpA-3'/5'-TpC-3' sites, the preferred sequence for the apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3)-family cytosine deaminases, in the supF gene in both control and knockdown cells. These mutations were observed more frequently at G sites than C sites on the DNA strand where the G O base was originally located. This tendency was promoted by the knockdown of the WRN protein. The present results imply the possible involvement of APOBEC3-family cytosine deaminases in the action-at-a-distance (untargeted) mutations at G:C (or G) sites induced by G O and in cancer initiation by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masuda
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Madoka Mori
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Rikako Ito
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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9
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Suzuki T. [Nucleic Acids-based Elucidation of Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis and Development of Gene Therapy Methods]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:1433-1439. [PMID: 33268685 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
DNA preserves and inherits genetic information. 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (GO) and abasic sites are some of the most common DNA lesions generated endogenously in living organisms and they induce mutations. The resultant mutations in our DNA cause diseases such as cancers. GO and abasic sites are known to induce mutations at the positions of the lesions. We revealed GO induced mutations at points distant from a lesion besides mutations at the lesion site in human cells when WRN helicase or DNA polymerase λ was knocked down. In addition, an abasic site analog, tetrahydrofuran, also induced the same type of mutations and large deletions. Thus, these endogenous DNA damages could induce more diverse mutations than previously thought. Recently, much research toward the development of gene therapy approaches has been carried out to apply gene therapy in a clinical setting. In this study, we found that the usual plasmid DNA with suitable transcription regulatory sequences achieved durably expressed transgenes in mouse liver. In addition, we successfully improved gene-correction efficiency with tailed duplex DNA fragments by introducing a second mismatch. These results give us important information to apply a transgene expression approach and tailed duplexes in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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10
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Lee HT, Sanford S, Paul T, Choe J, Bose A, Opresko PL, Myong S. Position-Dependent Effect of Guanine Base Damage and Mutations on Telomeric G-Quadruplex and Telomerase Extension. Biochemistry 2020; 59:2627-2639. [PMID: 32578995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are hot spots for mutagenic oxidative and methylation base damage due to their high guanine content. We used single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer detection and biochemical assays to determine how different positions and types of guanine damage and mutations alter telomeric G-quadruplex structure and telomerase activity. We compared 15 modifications, including 8-oxoguanine (8oxoG), O-6-methylguanine (O6mG), and all three possible point mutations (G to A, T, and C) at the 3' three terminal guanine positions of a telomeric G-quadruplex, which is the critical access point for telomerase. We found that G-quadruplex structural instability was induced in the order C < T < A ≤ 8oxoG < O6mG, with the perturbation caused by O6mG far exceeding the perturbation caused by other base alterations. For all base modifications, the central G position was the most destabilizing among the three terminal guanines. While the structural disruption by 8oxoG and O6mG led to concomitant increases in telomerase binding and extension activity, the structural perturbation by point mutations (A, T, and C) did not, due to disrupted annealing between the telomeric overhang and the telomerase RNA template. Repositioning the same mutations away from the terminal guanines caused both G-quadruplex structural instability and elevated telomerase activity. Our findings demonstrate how a single-base modification drives structural alterations and telomere lengthening in a position-dependent manner. Furthermore, our results suggest a long-term and inheritable effect of telomeric DNA damage that can lead to telomere lengthening, which potentially contributes to oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Lee
- Thomas C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Samantha Sanford
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Tapas Paul
- Thomas C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Joshua Choe
- Thomas C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Arindam Bose
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Patricia L Opresko
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Sua Myong
- Thomas C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Physics Frontier Center (Center for Physics of Living Cells), University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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11
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Jager M, Blokzijl F, Kuijk E, Bertl J, Vougioukalaki M, Janssen R, Besselink N, Boymans S, de Ligt J, Pedersen JS, Hoeijmakers J, Pothof J, van Boxtel R, Cuppen E. Deficiency of nucleotide excision repair is associated with mutational signature observed in cancer. Genome Res 2019; 29:1067-1077. [PMID: 31221724 PMCID: PMC6633256 DOI: 10.1101/gr.246223.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is one of the main DNA repair pathways that protect cells against genomic damage. Disruption of this pathway can contribute to the development of cancer and accelerate aging. Mutational characteristics of NER-deficiency may reveal important diagnostic opportunities, as tumors deficient in NER are more sensitive to certain treatments. Here, we analyzed the genome-wide somatic mutational profiles of adult stem cells (ASCs) from NER-deficient Ercc1 -/Δ mice. Our results indicate that NER-deficiency increases the base substitution load twofold in liver but not in small intestinal ASCs, which coincides with the tissue-specific aging pathology observed in these mice. Moreover, NER-deficient ASCs of both tissues show an increased contribution of Signature 8 mutations, which is a mutational pattern with unknown etiology that is recurrently observed in various cancer types. The scattered genomic distribution of the base substitutions indicates that deficiency of global-genome NER (GG-NER) underlies the observed mutational consequences. In line with this, we observe increased Signature 8 mutations in a GG-NER-deficient human organoid culture, in which XPC was deleted using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing. Furthermore, genomes of NER-deficient breast tumors show an increased contribution of Signature 8 mutations compared with NER-proficient tumors. Elevated levels of Signature 8 mutations could therefore contribute to a predictor of NER-deficiency based on a patient's mutational profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe Jager
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Francis Blokzijl
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ewart Kuijk
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Bertl
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Roel Janssen
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolle Besselink
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Boymans
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joep de Ligt
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Joris Pothof
- Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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12
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Kamiya H, Makino T, Suzuki T, Kobayashi M, Matsuoka I. Mutations induced by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in WRN- and DNA polymerase λ-double knockdown cells. Mutagenesis 2018; 33:301-310. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gey024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Makino
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miwako Kobayashi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Matsuoka
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Japan
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Suzuki T, Kamiya H. Mutations induced by 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine), a representative oxidized base, in mammalian cells. Genes Environ 2016; 39:2. [PMID: 27980700 PMCID: PMC5131436 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-016-0051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanine oxidation occurs in both DNA and the cellular nucleotide pool, and one of the major products is 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine). The mutagenic potentials of this oxidized base have been examined in various experimental systems. In this review, we summarize the mutagenicity of the base in mammalian cells. We also describe the effects of specialized DNA polymerases, DNA repair proteins, and nucleotide pool sanitization enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553 Japan
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14
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Diverse effects of naturally occurring base lesions on the structure and stability of the human telomere DNA quadruplex. Biochimie 2015; 118:15-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Kamiya H, Kurokawa M, Makino T, Kobayashi M, Matsuoka I. Induction of action-at-a-distance mutagenesis by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in DNA pol λ-knockdown cells. Genes Environ 2015; 37:10. [PMID: 27350807 PMCID: PMC4918004 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-015-0015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In DNA, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (GO, 8-hydroxyguanine) is one of the most pivotal oxidatively damaged bases and induces G:C → T:A transversion mutations. DNA polymerase λ preferentially inserts dCTP opposite GOin vitro, and this error-free bypass function is considered to be important after A base removal from GO:A pairs by the MUTYH DNA glycosylase. To examine the effects of reduced levels of DNA polymerase λ on the GO-induced mutations, the polymerase was knocked-down in human U2OS cells, and a shuttle plasmid DNA containing a GO:C pair at position 122 in the supF gene was transfected into the cells. The plasmid DNA replicated in the cells was introduced into an Escherichia coli indicator strain, to measure the supF mutant frequency. Results The knockdown of DNA polymerase λ significantly enhanced the mutant frequency of the GO plasmid DNA. Contrary to our expectations, the knockdown did not promote the targeted G:C → T:A transversion. Instead, substitution mutations at G:C sites other than position 122 were enhanced in the cells. Conclusions These results suggested that the knockdown of DNA polymerase λ induced action-at-a-distance mutagenesis in human cells when the GO:C pair was present in the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577 Japan ; Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553 Japan ; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8578 Japan
| | - Masahiro Kurokawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577 Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Makino
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577 Japan ; Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553 Japan
| | - Miwako Kobayashi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8578 Japan
| | - Ichiro Matsuoka
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8578 Japan
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16
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Burak MJ, Guja KE, Garcia-Diaz M. Nucleotide binding interactions modulate dNTP selectivity and facilitate 8-oxo-dGTP incorporation by DNA polymerase lambda. Nucleic Acids Res 2015. [PMID: 26220180 PMCID: PMC4652769 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8,-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine triphosphate (8-oxo-dGTP) is a major product of oxidative damage in the nucleotide pool. It is capable of mispairing with adenosine (dA), resulting in futile, mutagenic cycles of base excision repair. Therefore, it is critical that DNA polymerases discriminate against 8-oxo-dGTP at the insertion step. Because of its roles in oxidative DNA damage repair and non-homologous end joining, DNA polymerase lambda (Pol λ) may frequently encounter 8-oxo-dGTP. Here, we have studied the mechanisms of 8-oxo-dGMP incorporation and discrimination by Pol λ. We have solved high resolution crystal structures showing how Pol λ accommodates 8-oxo-dGTP in its active site. The structures indicate that when mispaired with dA, the oxidized nucleotide assumes the mutagenic syn-conformation, and is stabilized by multiple interactions. Steady-state kinetics reveal that two residues lining the dNTP binding pocket, Ala(510) and Asn(513), play differential roles in dNTP selectivity. Specifically, Ala(510) and Asn(513) facilitate incorporation of 8-oxo-dGMP opposite dA and dC, respectively. These residues also modulate the balance between purine and pyrimidine incorporation. Our results shed light on the mechanisms controlling 8-oxo-dGMP incorporation in Pol λ and on the importance of interactions with the incoming dNTP to determine selectivity in family X DNA polymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miguel Garcia-Diaz
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 631 444 3054; Fax: +1 631 4449749;
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17
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Kamiya H, Yamazaki D, Nakamura E, Makino T, Kobayashi M, Matsuoka I, Harashima H. Action-at-a-Distance Mutagenesis Induced by Oxidized Guanine in Werner Syndrome Protein-Reduced Human Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:621-8. [DOI: 10.1021/tx500418m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
- College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Japan
- Graduate
School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Daiki Yamazaki
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Eri Nakamura
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Makino
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
- Graduate
School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Miwako Kobayashi
- College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Japan
| | - Ichiro Matsuoka
- College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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Oxidatively induced DNA damage and its repair in cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2014; 763:212-45. [PMID: 25795122 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidatively induced DNA damage is caused in living organisms by endogenous and exogenous reactive species. DNA lesions resulting from this type of damage are mutagenic and cytotoxic and, if not repaired, can cause genetic instability that may lead to disease processes including carcinogenesis. Living organisms possess DNA repair mechanisms that include a variety of pathways to repair multiple DNA lesions. Mutations and polymorphisms also occur in DNA repair genes adversely affecting DNA repair systems. Cancer tissues overexpress DNA repair proteins and thus develop greater DNA repair capacity than normal tissues. Increased DNA repair in tumors that removes DNA lesions before they become toxic is a major mechanism for development of resistance to therapy, affecting patient survival. Accumulated evidence suggests that DNA repair capacity may be a predictive biomarker for patient response to therapy. Thus, knowledge of DNA protein expressions in normal and cancerous tissues may help predict and guide development of treatments and yield the best therapeutic response. DNA repair proteins constitute targets for inhibitors to overcome the resistance of tumors to therapy. Inhibitors of DNA repair for combination therapy or as single agents for monotherapy may help selectively kill tumors, potentially leading to personalized therapy. Numerous inhibitors have been developed and are being tested in clinical trials. The efficacy of some inhibitors in therapy has been demonstrated in patients. Further development of inhibitors of DNA repair proteins is globally underway to help eradicate cancer.
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Scott TL, Rangaswamy S, Wicker CA, Izumi T. Repair of oxidative DNA damage and cancer: recent progress in DNA base excision repair. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:708-26. [PMID: 23901781 PMCID: PMC3960848 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by exogenous and environmental genotoxins, but also arise from mitochondria as byproducts of respiration in the body. ROS generate DNA damage of which pathological consequence, including cancer is well established. Research efforts are intense to understand the mechanism of DNA base excision repair, the primary mechanism to protect cells from genotoxicity caused by ROS. RECENT ADVANCES In addition to the notion that oxidative DNA damage causes transformation of cells, recent studies have revealed how the mitochondrial deficiencies and ROS generation alter cell growth during the cancer transformation. CRITICAL ISSUES The emphasis of this review is to highlight the importance of the cellular response to oxidative DNA damage during carcinogenesis. Oxidative DNA damage, including 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, play an important role during the cellular transformation. It is also becoming apparent that the unusual activity and subcellular distribution of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, an essential DNA repair factor/redox sensor, affect cancer malignancy by increasing cellular resistance to oxidative stress and by positively influencing cell proliferation. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Technological advancement in cancer cell biology and genetics has enabled us to monitor the detailed DNA repair activities in the microenvironment. Precise understanding of the intracellular activities of DNA repair proteins for oxidative DNA damage should provide help in understanding how mitochondria, ROS, DNA damage, and repair influence cancer transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L Scott
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
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Kamiya H, Kurokawa M. DNA Polymerase ^|^lambda; Promotes Mutagenesis Induced by 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-hydroxyguanine) Paired with Adenine. Genes Environ 2013. [DOI: 10.3123/jemsge.2013.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Polymorphisms of DNA repair genes in Korean hepatocellular carcinoma patients with chronic hepatitis B: possible implications on survival. J Hepatol 2012; 57:621-7. [PMID: 22659345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We aimed at determining whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DNA repair genes influence the development and clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We evaluated 14 SNPs of eight DNA repair genes in 708 patients with HCC and 388 HBsAg positive controls without HCC. The Kaplan-Meier methods with log-rank test and Cox regression models were used to compare survival of HCC patients according to the genotype. RESULTS The SNP of XRCC4 rs1805377 was significantly associated with decreased risk of HCC development (OR, 0.592; p=0.028) and improved overall survival of patients with HCC (median survival time (MST) of 48, 72, and 89 months for the AA, AG, and GG genotypes, respectively; p=0.044). In addition, SNP of OGG1 rs1053133 was significantly associated with postoperative recurrence (OR, 0.604; p=0.049), tumor differentiation (OR, 0.571; p=0.041), and improved survival of resected HCC (MST of 55 and 108 months for the GG and GC/CC genotypes, p=0.001). The multivariate analysis showed that OGG1 rs1052133, XRCC1 rs25487, ERCC5 rs2018836, ERCC5 rs3818356, and XRCC4 rs1805377 had a significant effect on survival. Moreover, a strong dose-dependent association was observed between the number of putative high-risk genotypes of OGG1, XRCC1, ERCC5, and XRCC4 with the overall survival. The MST of HCC with ≥2 putative high-risk genotypes was significantly prolonged compared to those with ≥3 high-risk genotypes (76 vs. 46 months, respectively, p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms of DNA repair genes play a potential role in the development, progression, and survival of Korean HCC patients with chronic HBV infection.
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Kamiya H, Kurokawa M. Mutagenic bypass of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-hydroxyguanine) by DNA polymerase κ in human cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:1771-6. [PMID: 22804710 DOI: 10.1021/tx300259x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (G(O), 8-hydroxyguanine) in DNA and in the nucleotide pool results in G:C→T:A and A:T→C:G substitution mutations, respectively, since G(O) can pair with both C and A. In this study, the role of DNA polymerase κ in the mutagenicity of G(O) was investigated, using a supF shuttle plasmid propagated in human U2OS cells. This translesion synthesis DNA polymerase was knocked down by siRNA, and plasmid DNAs containing G(O):C and G(O):A pairs were transfected into the knock-down cells. The supF plasmid DNAs replicated in the cells were then introduced into Escherichia coli. Mutation analyses indicated that the knock-down of DNA polymerase κ by siRNA decreased the frequency of G:C→T:A mutation caused by G(O):C, although no effects of the DNA polymerase κ reduction were observed for the A:T→C:G substitution induced by G(O):A. These results suggested that DNA polymerase κ is involved in the mutagenic bypass of G(O) in living human cells, when the damaged base is generated by direct DNA oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
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23
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Sung RJ, Zhang M, Qi Y, Verdine GL. Sequence-dependent structural variation in DNA undergoing intrahelical inspection by the DNA glycosylase MutM. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:18044-54. [PMID: 22465958 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.313635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MutM, a bacterial DNA-glycosylase, plays a critical role in maintaining genome integrity by catalyzing glycosidic bond cleavage of 8-oxoguanine (oxoG) lesions to initiate base excision DNA repair. The task faced by MutM of locating rare oxoG residues embedded in an overwhelming excess of undamaged bases is especially challenging given the close structural similarity between oxoG and its normal progenitor, guanine (G). MutM actively interrogates the DNA to detect the presence of an intrahelical, fully base-paired oxoG, whereupon the enzyme promotes extrusion of the target nucleobase from the DNA duplex and insertion into the extrahelical active site. Recent structural studies have begun to provide the first glimpse into the protein-DNA interactions that enable MutM to distinguish an intrahelical oxoG from G; however, these initial studies left open the important question of how MutM can recognize oxoG residues embedded in 16 different neighboring sequence contexts (considering only the 5'- and 3'-neighboring base pairs). In this study we set out to understand the manner and extent to which intrahelical lesion recognition varies as a function of the 5'-neighbor. Here we report a comprehensive, systematic structural analysis of the effect of the 5'-neighboring base pair on recognition of an intrahelical oxoG lesion. These structures reveal that MutM imposes the same extrusion-prone ("extrudogenic") backbone conformation on the oxoG lesion irrespective of its 5'-neighbor while leaving the rest of the DNA relatively free to adjust to the particular demands of individual sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou-Jia Sung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Agnez-Lima LF, Melo JTA, Silva AE, Oliveira AHS, Timoteo ARS, Lima-Bessa KM, Martinez GR, Medeiros MHG, Di Mascio P, Galhardo RS, Menck CFM. DNA damage by singlet oxygen and cellular protective mechanisms. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2012; 751:15-28. [PMID: 22266568 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, as singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) and hydrogen peroxide, are continuously generated by aerobic organisms, and react actively with biomolecules. At excessive amounts, (1)O(2) induces oxidative stress and shows carcinogenic and toxic effects due to oxidation of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Singlet oxygen is able to react with DNA molecule and may induce G to T transversions due to 8-oxodG generation. The nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair and mismatch repair have been implicated in the correction of DNA lesions induced by (1)O(2) both in prokaryotic and in eukaryotic cells. (1)O(2) is also able to induce the expression of genes involved with the cellular responses to oxidative stress, such as NF-κB, c-fos and c-jun, and genes involved with tissue damage and inflammation, as ICAM-1, interleukins 1 and 6. The studies outlined in this review reinforce the idea that (1)O(2) is one of the more dangerous reactive oxygen species to the cells, and deserves our attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucymara F Agnez-Lima
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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26
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Combined effects of curcumin and piperine in ameliorating benzo(a)pyrene induced DNA damage. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:3002-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Thorsteinsdottir S, Gudjonsson T, Nielsen OH, Vainer B, Seidelin JB. Pathogenesis and biomarkers of carcinogenesis in ulcerative colitis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 8:395-404. [PMID: 21647200 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2011.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the most serious complications of ulcerative colitis is the development of colorectal cancer. Screening patients with ulcerative colitis by standard histological examination of random intestinal biopsy samples might be inefficient as a method of cancer surveillance. This Review focuses on the current understanding of the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer and how this knowledge can be transferred into patient management to assist clinicians and pathologists in identifying patients with ulcerative colitis who have an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Inflammation-driven mechanisms of DNA damage, including the generation and effects of reactive oxygen species, microsatellite instability, telomere shortening and chromosomal instability, are reviewed, as are the molecular responses to genomic stress. We also discuss how these mechanisms can be translated into usable biomarkers. Although progress has been made in the understanding of inflammation-driven carcinogenesis, markers based on these findings possess insufficient sensitivity or specificity to be usable as reliable biomarkers for risk of colorectal cancer development in patients with ulcerative colitis. However, screening for mutations in p53 could be relevant in the surveillance of patients with ulcerative colitis. Several other new biomarkers, including senescence markers and α-methylacyl-CoA-racemase, might be future candidates for preneoplastic markers in ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 75 Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Srivastava K, Srivastava A, Kumar A, Mittal B. Gallbladder cancer predisposition: a multigenic approach to DNA-repair, apoptotic and inflammatory pathway genes. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16449. [PMID: 21283657 PMCID: PMC3025033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a multifactorial disease with complex interplay between multiple genetic variants. We performed Classification and Regression Tree Analysis (CART) and Grade of Membership (GoM) analysis to identify combinations of alleles among the DNA repair, inflammatory and apoptotic pathway genetic variants in modifying the risk for GBC. We analyzed 16 polymorphisms in 8 genes involved in DNA repair, apoptotic and inflammatory pathways to find out combinations of genetic variants contributing to GBC risk. The genes included in the study were XRCC1, OGG1, ERCC2, MSH2, CASP8, TLR2, TLR4 and PTGS2. Single locus analysis by logistic regression showed association of MSH2 IVS1+9G>C (rs2303426), ERCC2 Asp312Asn (rs1799793), OGG1 Ser326Cys (rs1052133), OGG1 IVS4-15C>G (rs2072668), CASP8 -652 6N ins/del (rs3834129), PTGS2 -1195G>A (rs689466), PTGS2 -765G>C (rs20417), TLR4 Ex4+936C>T (rs4986791) and TLR2 –196 to –174del polymorphisms with GBC risk. The CART analysis revealed OGG1 Ser326Cys, and OGG1 IVS4-15C>G polymorphisms as the best polymorphic signature for discriminating between cases and controls. In the GoM analysis, the data was categorized into six sets representing risk for GBC with respect to the investigated polymorphisms. Sets I, II and III described low intrinsic risk (controls) characterized by multiple protective alleles while sets IV, V and VI represented high intrinsic risk groups (GBC cases) characterized by the presence of multiple risk alleles. The CART and GoM analyses also showed the importance of PTGS2 -1195G>A polymorphism in susceptibility to GBC risk. In conclusion, the present multigenic approach can be used to define individual risk profiles for gallbladder cancer in North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Anvesha Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Balraj Mittal
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
- * E-mail:
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Suzuki T, Harashima H, Kamiya H. Unexpectedly Weak Impacts of Decreased p53 and Retinoblastoma Protein Levels on Mutagenesis by 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-Hydroxyguanine). Genes Environ 2011. [DOI: 10.3123/jemsge.33.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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30
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Lee SF, Pervaiz S. Assessment of Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage by Immunoflourescent Analysis of 8-OxodG. Methods Cell Biol 2011; 103:99-113. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385493-3.00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Srivastava K, Srivastava A, Mittal B. Polymorphisms in ERCC2, MSH2, and OGG1 DNA repair genes and gallbladder cancer risk in a population of Northern India. Cancer 2010; 116:3160-9. [PMID: 20564624 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.25063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants of DNA repair enzymes may lead to genetic instability and contribute to gallbladder (GB) carcinogenesis. METHODS A case-control study (230 GB carcinogenesis patients and 230 controls) was undertaken to evaluate whether genetic variations in 3 DNA repair genes ERCC2 (Asp312Asn [rs1799793] and Lys751Gln [rs13181]), MSH2 (-118T > C [rs2303425] and IVS1 + 9G>C [rs2303426]), and OGG1 (Ser326Cys [rs1052133] and 748-15C > G [rs2072668]) are associated with GB carcinogenesis risk in a North Indian population. RESULTS The authors found that the ERCC2 Asp312Asn AA, MSH2 IVS1 + 9G > C CC, OGG1 Ser326Cys GG and CG + GG, and OGG1 748-15C > G GG and CG + GG genotypes were significantly associated with an increased risk of GB carcinogenesis (odds ratio [OR], 2.1, 1.8, 2.5, 1.8, 2.0, and 1.6, respectively). In contrast, ERCC2 Lys751Gln, and MSH2 -118T > C markers showed no significant associations with GB carcinogenesis risk, although because of the small sample size their effects cannot be ruled out. Female GB carcinogenesis patients with the OGG1 748-15C > G GG, OGG1 Ser326Cys GG, and ERCC2 Asp312Asn genotypes had a greater risk for developing the disease (OR, 3.6, 7.7, and 2.7, respectively). There was a significant interaction between MSH2 IVS1 + 9G > C and OGG1 748-15C > G polymorphisms (P = .001). Furthermore, individuals with > 6 variant alleles of the studied polymorphisms were at 4-fold increased risk for developing GB carcinogenesis. Classification and Regression Tree analysis revealed potential higher-order gene-gene interactions and categorized a few higher-risk subgroups for GB carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that genetic variants in the DNA repair pathways may be involved in GB carcinogenesis etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Effects of base excision repair proteins on mutagenesis by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-hydroxyguanine) paired with cytosine and adenine. DNA Repair (Amst) 2010; 9:542-50. [PMID: 20197241 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxo-Gua, also known as 8-hydroxyguanine) is a major base lesion that is generated by reactive oxygen species in both the DNA and nucleotide pool. The role of DNA glycosylases, which initiate base excision repair, in the mutagenic processes of 8-oxo-Gua in DNA and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate (8-oxo-dGTP, also known as 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate) were investigated using supF shuttle plasmids propagated in human cells. The DNA glycosylases, OGG1, MUTYH, NTH1, and NEIL1, in 293T cells were individually knocked-down by siRNAs and plasmid DNAs containing an 8-oxo-Gua:C/8-oxo-Gua:A pair, and 8-oxo-dGTP plus unmodified plasmid DNA were then introduced into the knocked-down cells. The knock-down of OGG1, MUTYH, NTH1, and NEIL1 resulted in a significant increase in G:C-->T:A transversions caused by the 8-oxo-Gua:C pair in the shuttle plasmid. The knock-down of MUTYH resulted in a reduction in A:T-->C:G transversions induced by 8-oxo-dGTP and the 8-oxo-Gua:A pair, but the knockdown of OGG1, NTH1, and NEIL1 had no effect on mutagenesis. These results indicate that all of the above DNA glycosylases suppress mutations caused by 8-oxo-Gua:C in DNA. In contrast, it appears that MUTYH enhances A:T-->C:G mutations caused by 8-oxo-dGTP.
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Satou K, Hori M, Kawai K, Kasai H, Harashima H, Kamiya H. Involvement of specialized DNA polymerases in mutagenesis by 8-hydroxy-dGTP in human cells. DNA Repair (Amst) 2009; 8:637-42. [PMID: 19179121 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2008.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Revised: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The mutagenicity of an oxidized form of dGTP, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate (8-OH-dGTP), was examined using human 293T cells. Shuttle plasmid DNA containing the supF gene was first transfected into the cells, and then 8-OH-dGTP was introduced by means of osmotic pressure. The DNAs replicated in the cells were recovered and then transfected into Escherichia coli. 8-OH-dGTP induced A:T-->C:G substitution mutations in the cells. The knock-downs of DNA polymerases eta and zeta, and REV1 by siRNAs reduced the A:T-->C:G substitution mutations, suggesting that these DNA polymerases are involved in the misincorporation of 8-OH-dGTP opposite A in human cells. In contrast, the knock-down of DNA polymerase iota did not affect the 8-OH-dGTP-induced mutations. The decrease in the induced mutation frequency was more evident by double knock-downs of DNA pols eta plus zeta and REV1 plus DNA pol zeta (but not by that of DNA pol eta plus REV1), suggesting that REV1-DNA pol eta and DNA pol zeta work in different steps. These results indicate that specialized DNA polymerases are involved in the mutagenesis induced by the oxidized dGTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Satou
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Kamiya H, Suzuki A, Yamaguchi Y, Handa H, Harashima H. Incorporation of 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine) 5'-triphosphate by bacterial and human RNA polymerases. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 46:1703-7. [PMID: 19362141 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2009] [Revised: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 04/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized RNA precursors formed in the nucleotide pool may be incorporated into RNA. In this study, the incorporation of 8-hydroxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate (8-OH-GTP; 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate) into RNA by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase was examined in vitro, using a primer RNA and a template DNA with defined sequences. 8-OH-GTP was incorporated opposite C and A in the template DNA. Surprisingly, 8-OH-GTP was quite efficiently incorporated by the bacterial RNA polymerase, in contrast to the incorporation of the 2'-deoxyribo counterpart by DNA polymerases, as indicated by the kinetic parameters. The primer was further extended by the addition of a ribonucleotide complementary to the nucleobase adjacent to C or A (the nucleobase opposite which 8-OH-GTP was inserted). Thus, the incorporation of 8-OH-GTP did not completely inhibit further RNA chain elongation. 8-OH-GTP was also incorporated opposite C and A by human RNA polymerase II. These results suggest that 8-OH-GTP in the nucleotide pool can cause the formation of oxidized RNA and disturb the transmittance of genetic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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Yung CW, Okugawa Y, Otsuka C, Okamoto K, Arimoto S, Loakes D, Negishi K, Negishi T. Influence of neighbouring base sequences on the mutagenesis induced by 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine in yeast. Mutagenesis 2008; 23:509-13. [PMID: 18765421 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gen044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have analysed the influence of neighbouring base sequences on the mutagenesis induced by 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG or G(o)), a typical oxidative lesion of DNA, using the yeast oligonucleotide transformation technique. Two oligonucleotides, oligo-CCG(o) and oligo-CGG(o), each possessing a single 8-oxoG residue and represented by the sequences 5'-CCG(o)-3' and 5'-CGG(o)-3', respectively, were introduced into a chromosome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and their mutagenic potentials were compared. In a wild-type strain, 8-oxoG showed very weak mutagenic potential in both cases. However, the lesion in 5'-CCG(o)-3' can cause efficient G-to-T transversion in a strain lacking the rad30 gene which encodes yeast DNA polymerase eta (Ypoleta). To explore the properties associated with this translesion synthesis (TLS), the same two oligonucleotides possessing an 8-oxoG were used as templates for a standing-start primer extension assay, and the nucleotide incorporation opposite 8-oxoG was investigated. We found that dATP incorporation opposite 8-oxoG with Ypoleta was low for both sequences. In particular, very low dATP incorporation was observed for the 5'-CCG(o)-3' sequence. These results account for the efficient inhibition of mutagenesis by Ypoleta. TLS plays an important role in one DNA sequence in terms of avoiding mutagenesis induced by 8-oxoG in yeast. In contrast, human yeast DNA polymerase eta showed higher dATP incorporation rates even with the 5'-CCG(o)-3' sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Wei Yung
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Hirano T. Repair system of 7, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine as a defense line against carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2008; 49:329-340. [PMID: 18596371 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.08049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essentially harmful for living organisms, including human beings. It is well known that ROS-induced damage of cellular components may lead to human diseases, such as inflammatory diseases, degenerative diseases, or cancer. In particular, oxidative DNA damage is premutagenic, and thus, the generation of DNA damage and the failure of its removal are critical events for tumorigenesis or carcinogenesis. To prevent this disadvantage, living organisms have defense mechanisms against ROS-induced gene instability. Studies of 8-oxo-Gua and its main repair enzyme, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), are informative and useful, because 8-oxo-Gua is commonly observed in DNA, and OGG1 enzymes exist in a wide variety of living organisms. The importance of OGG1 was confirmed by polymorphism analyses and studies using knockout mice. Moreover, analyses of the influences of environmental factors on DNA damage and repair systems have confirmed the effects of heavy metals on 8-oxo-Gua formation and OGG1 expression. These studies revealed that the 8-oxo-Gua repair system is crucial for the prevention of mutation-related diseases, such as cancer. In this review, the advances in this field during the last two decades are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hirano
- Department of Life and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Tolentino JH, Burke TJ, Mukhopadhyay S, McGregor WG, Basu AK. Inhibition of DNA replication fork progression and mutagenic potential of 1, N6-ethenoadenine and 8-oxoguanine in human cell extracts. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 36:1300-8. [PMID: 18184697 PMCID: PMC2275085 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkm1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 11/11/2007] [Accepted: 12/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative mutagenesis of 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine (epsilonA) and 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), two endogenous DNA lesions that are also formed by exogenous DNA damaging agents, have been evaluated in HeLa and xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) cell extracts. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of the duplex M13mp2SV vector containing these lesions established that there was significant inhibition of replication fork movement past epsilonA, whereas 8-oxoG caused only minor stalling of fork progression. In extracts of HeLa cells, epsilonA was weakly mutagenic inducing all three base substitutions in approximately equal frequency, whereas 8-oxoG was 10-fold more mutagenic inducing primarily G-->T transversions. These data suggest that 8-oxoG is a miscoding lesion that presents a minimal, if any, block to DNA replication in human cells. We hypothesized that bypass of epsilonA proceeded principally by an error-free mechanism in which the undamaged strand was used as a template, since this lesion strongly blocked fork progression. To examine this, we determined the sequence of replication products derived from templates in which a G was placed across from the epsilonA. Consistent with our hypothesis, 93% of the progeny were derived from replication of the undamaged strand. When translesion synthesis occurred, epsilonA-->T mutations increased 3-fold in products derived from the mismatched epsilonA: G construct compared with those derived from the epsilonA: T construct. More efficient repair of epsilonA in the epsilonA: T construct may have been responsible for lower mutation frequency. Primer extension studies with purified pol eta have shown that this polymerase is highly error-prone when bypassing epsilonA. To examine if pol eta is the primary mutagenic translesion polymerase in human cells, we determined the lesion bypass characteristics of extracts derived from XPV cells, which lack this polymerase. The epsilonA: T construct induced epsilonA-->G and epsilonA-->C mutant frequencies that were approximately the same as those observed using the HeLa extracts. However, epsilonA-->T events were increased 5-fold relative to HeLa extracts. These data support a model in which pol eta-mediated translesion synthesis past this adduct is error-free in the context of semiconservative replication in the presence of fidelity factors such as PCNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel H. Tolentino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, CT and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40202, KY, USA
| | - Tom J. Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, CT and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40202, KY, USA
| | - Suparna Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, CT and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40202, KY, USA
| | - W. Glenn McGregor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, CT and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40202, KY, USA
| | - Ashis K. Basu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, CT and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40202, KY, USA
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Delaney JC, Essigmann JM. Biological properties of single chemical-DNA adducts: a twenty year perspective. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:232-52. [PMID: 18072751 PMCID: PMC2821157 DOI: 10.1021/tx700292a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The genome and its nucleotide precursor pool are under sustained attack by radiation, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, chemical carcinogens, hydrolytic reactions, and certain drugs. As a result, a large and heterogeneous population of damaged nucleotides forms in all cells. Some of the lesions are repaired, but for those that remain, there can be serious biological consequences. For example, lesions that form in DNA can lead to altered gene expression, mutation, and death. This perspective examines systems developed over the past 20 years to study the biological properties of single DNA lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C. Delaney
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - John M. Essigmann
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Thaiparambil JT, Vadhanam MV, Srinivasan C, Gairola CG, Gupta RC. Time-dependent formation of 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine in the lungs of mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Chem Res Toxicol 2007; 20:1737-40. [PMID: 18031018 DOI: 10.1021/tx700289g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Active and passive smoking are major risk factors for lung cancer. Pro-oxidants in tobacco smoke have been implicated in smoking-associated disease development due to their potential role in inducing oxidative stress. Previous studies have failed to associate increased levels of oxidative damage to DNA with the formation of the potentially mutagenic lesion, 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), probably due to repair of this lesion. However, no systematic studies have been performed to assess the dose- and time-dependent formation and removal of this lesion by cigarette smoke exposure. In the present study, female A/J mice were exposed to side-stream cigarette smoke in a whole body exposure chamber for 6 h a day, 5 days a week for up to 6 weeks. Age-matched controls were maintained in filtered ambient air. Lung tissues were harvested from 2, 4, and 6 weeks smoke-exposed mice after 1, 3, 6, and 20 h, following the cessation of smoking. A significant increase in the levels of 8-oxodG in lung DNA was observed in 10 day smoke-exposed mice at 1 (11.5+/-1.1/10(6) nucleotides), 3 (20.2+/-2.7/10(6) nucleotides; p=0.0008), and 6 h (17.2+/-1.0/10(6) nucleotides; p<0.005) postcessation, as compared with age-matched sham treatment (8.8+/-2.3/10(6) nucleotides) (mean+/-SD). The levels significantly declined 20 h after the cessation of smoke exposure (14.0+/-1.6/10(6) nucleotides), although they were still higher than the control. Our results strongly suggest that there is a significant increase in the 8-oxodG levels immediately after the cessation of smoking, which is repaired over time. This initial increase in 8-oxodG levels may lead to gene mutations, and accumulation of such mutations over time can eventually lead to malignant transformation of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose T Thaiparambil
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 580 South Preston Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
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Satou K, Kawai K, Kasai H, Harashima H, Kamiya H. Mutagenic effects of 8-hydroxy-dGTP in live mammalian cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 42:1552-60. [PMID: 17448902 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 02/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mutagenicity of an oxidized form of dGTP, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate (8-OH-dGTP), was examined using COS-7 cells. 8-OH-dGTP and supF shuttle plasmid DNA were cointroduced by means of cationic liposomes, and the DNAs replicated in the cells were recovered and then transfected into Escherichia coli. 8-OH-dGTP induced A:T-->C:G substitution mutations in the COS-7 cells. This result agrees with previous observations indicating that DNA polymerases misincorporate 8-OH-dGTP opposite A in vitro, and that the oxidized deoxyribonucleotide induces A:T-->C:G transversions in E. coli. These results constitute the first direct evidence to show that 8-OH-dGTP actually induces mutations in living mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Satou
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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41
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Lee HW, Lee HJ, Hong CM, Baker DJ, Bhatia R, O’Connor TR. Monitoring repair of DNA damage in cell lines and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Anal Biochem 2007; 365:246-59. [PMID: 17449003 PMCID: PMC3614353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2007.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Revised: 03/13/2007] [Accepted: 03/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a method to follow DNA repair that is suitable for both clinical and laboratory samples. An episomal construct with a unique 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) base at a defined position was prepared in vitro using single-stranded phage harboring a 678-bp tract from exons 5 to 9 of the human P53 gene. Mixing curve experiments showed that the real-time PCR method has a linear response to damage, suggesting that it is useful for DNA repair studies. The episomal construct with a unique 8-oxoG base was introduced into AD293 cells or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and plasmids were recovered as a function of time. The quantitative real-time PCR assay demonstrated that repair of the 8-oxoG was 80% complete in less than 48 h in AD293 cells. Transfection of small interfering RNAs down-regulated OGG1 expression in AD293 cells and reduced the repair of 8-oxoG to 30%. Transfection of the episome into unstimulated white blood cells showed that 8-oxoG repair had a half-life of 2 to 5h. This method is a rapid, reproducible, and robust way to monitor repair of specific adducts in virtually any cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Wook Lee
- Biology Department, Hematology Department, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1450 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Hae-Jung Lee
- Biology Department, Hematology Department, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1450 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Chong-mu Hong
- Biology Department, Hematology Department, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1450 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - David J. Baker
- Biology Department, Hematology Department, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1450 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Ravi Bhatia
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1450 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010
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Harańczyk M, Miller JH, Gutowski M. Differences in electrostatic potential around DNA fragments containing adenine and 8-oxo-adenine. An analysis based on regular cylindrical projection. J Mol Graph Model 2006; 26:282-9. [PMID: 17224288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2006.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2006] [Revised: 12/08/2006] [Accepted: 12/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Changes of electrostatic potential (EP) around the DNA molecule resulting from chemical modifications of nucleotides may play a role in enzymatic recognition of damaged sites. Effects of chemical modifications of nucleotides on the structure of DNA have been characterized through large scale density functional theory computations. Quantum mechanical structural optimizations of DNA fragments with three pairs of nucleotides and accompanying counteractions were performed with a B3LYP exchange-correlation functional and 6-31G(d,p) basis sets. The "intact" DNA fragment contained adenine in the middle layer, while the "damaged" fragment had the adenine replaced with 8-oxo-adenine. The electrostatic potential around these DNA fragments was projected on a cylindrical surface around the double helix. The two-dimensional maps of EP of the intact and damaged DNA fragments were analyzed to identify these modifications of EP that result from the occurrence of 8-oxo-adenine (8oA). It was found that distortions of a phosphate group neighboring 8oA and displacements of the accompanying countercation are clearly reflected in the EP maps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Harańczyk
- Chemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
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Umemura T, Kanki K, Kuroiwa Y, Ishii Y, Okano K, Nohmi T, Nishikawa A, Hirose M. In vivo mutagenicity and initiation following oxidative DNA lesion in the kidneys of rats given potassium bromate. Cancer Sci 2006; 97:829-35. [PMID: 16805826 PMCID: PMC11158994 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2006.00248.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the role of 8-OHdG formation as a starting point for carcinogenesis, we examined the dose-dependence and time-course of changes of OGG1 mRNA expression, 8-OHdG levels and in vivo mutations in the kidneys of gpt delta rats given KBrO3 in their drinking water for 13 weeks. There were no remarkable changes in OGG1 mRNA in spite of some increments being statistically significant. Increases of 8-OHdG occurred after 1 week at 500 p.p.m. and after 13 weeks at 250 p.p.m. Elevation of Spi- mutant frequency, suggestive of deletion mutations, occurred after 9 weeks at 500 p.p.m. In a two-stage experiment, F344 rats were given KBrO3 for 13 weeks then, after a 2-week recovery, treated with 1% NTA in the diet for 39 weeks. The incidence and multiplicity of renal preneoplastic lesions in rats given KBrO3 at 500 p.p.m. followed by NTA treatment were significantly higher than in rats treated with NTA alone. Results suggest that a certain period of time might be required for 8-OHdG to cause permanent mutations. The two-step experiment shows that cells exposed to the alteration of the intranuclear status by oxidative stress including 8-OHdG formation might be able to form tumors with appropriate promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Umemura
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
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Kalam MA, Haraguchi K, Chandani S, Loechler EL, Moriya M, Greenberg MM, Basu AK. Genetic effects of oxidative DNA damages: comparative mutagenesis of the imidazole ring-opened formamidopyrimidines (Fapy lesions) and 8-oxo-purines in simian kidney cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:2305-15. [PMID: 16679449 PMCID: PMC1458282 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkl099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fapy.dG and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) are formed in DNA by hydroxyl radical damage. In order to study replication past these lesions in cells, we constructed a single-stranded shuttle vector containing the lesion in 5'-TGT and 5'-TGA sequence contexts. Replication of the modified vector in simian kidney (COS-7) cells showed that Fapy.dG is mutagenic inducing primarily targeted Fapy.G-->T transversions. In the 5'-TGT sequence mutational frequency of Fapy.dG was approximately 30%, whereas in the 5'-TGA sequence it was approximately 8%. In parallel studies 8-oxo-dG was found to be slightly less mutagenic than Fapy.dG, though it also exhibited a similar context effect: 4-fold G-->T transversions (24% versus 6%) occurred in the 5'-TGT sequence relative to 5'-TGA. To investigate a possible structural basis for the higher G-->T mutations induced by both lesions when their 3' neighbor was T, we carried out a molecular modeling investigation in the active site of DNA polymerase beta, which is known to incorporate both dCTP (no mutation) and dATP (G-->T substitution) opposite 8-oxo-G. In pol beta, the syn-8-oxo-G:dATP pair showed greater stacking with the 3'-T:A base pair in the 5'-TGT sequence compared with the 3'-A:T in the 5'-TGA sequence, whereas stacking for the anti-8-oxo-G:dCTP pair was similar in both 5'-TGT and 5'-TGA sequences. Similarly, syn-Fapy.G:dATP pairing showed greater stacking in the 5'-TGT sequence compared with the 5'-TGA sequence, while stacking for anti-Fapy.G:dCTP pairs was similar in the two sequences. Thus, for both lesions less efficient base stacking between the lesion:dATP pair and the 3'-A:T base pair in the 5'-TGA sequence might cause lower G-->T mutational frequencies in the 5'-TGA sequence compared to 5'-TGT. The corresponding lesions derived from 2'-deoxyadenosine, Fapy.dA and 8-oxo-dA, were not detectably mutagenic in the 5'-TAT sequence, and were only weakly mutagenic (<1%) in the 5'-TAA sequence context, where both lesions induced targeted A-->C transversions. To our knowledge this is the first investigation using extrachromosomal probes containing a Fapy.dG or Fapy.dA site-specifically incorporated, which showed unequivocally that in simian kidney cells Fapy.G-->T substitutions occur at a higher frequency than 8-oxo-G-->T and that Fapy.dA is very weakly mutagenic, as is 8-oxo-dA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuhiro Haraguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | | | | | - Maasaki Moriya
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New YorkStony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Marc M. Greenberg
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ashis K. Basu
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 860 486 3965; Fax: +1 860 486 2981;
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Nishimura S. 8-Hydroxyguanine: From its discovery in 1983 to the present status. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2006; 82:127-141. [PMID: 25792776 PMCID: PMC4323045 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.82.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2006] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
8-Hydroxyguanine (8-OH-G) was discovered in 1983 in our laboratory at the National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo. Since it could be formed in DNA not only in vitro but also in vivo by oxygen radical forming agents, we immediately hypothesized the importance of this discovery in connection with its biological consequence. Further intensive efforts by us from 1983 to 1990 confirmed that 8-OH-G is a highly significant oxidated DNA lesion involved in mutation and/or carcinogenesis in mammals, including humans. With the subsequent entry of many investigators to this research field the number of publications on 8-OH-G increased exponentially, reaching more than several thousands by the end of 2005. In this article, a summary is given of the important works carried out in the early days, and further notable contributions by many investigators are reviewed, focusing on 8-OH-G in the mammalian system. A special emphasis is given to research on knockout mice that are deficient in genes involved in the repair systems of the 8-OH-G lesion. Lastly, our own recent work is summarized involving a one-year carcinogenesis study of Ogg1 (the gene for 8-OH-G specific glycosylase/AP lyase) knockout mice that have been exposed to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Nishimura
- University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan()
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Watanabe K, Yamada N, Takeuchi Y. Oxidative DNA damage in cucumber cotyledons irradiated with ultraviolet light. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2006; 119:239-46. [PMID: 16568233 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-006-0266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2005] [Accepted: 01/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA was isolated from the cotyledons of cucumber seedlings irradiated with ultraviolet (UV)-C (254 nm) or UV-B+UV-A (280-360 nm; maximum energy at 312 nm) at various fluence rates and durations. Following enzymatic hydrolysis of DNA, the content of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine [(8-OHdG), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine], a well-established biomarker closely identified with carcinogenesis and aging in animal cells, was determined using a high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with an electrochemical detector. The levels of 8-OHdG increased with UV-C and UV-B irradiation in a fluence-dependent manner. This increase was also observed in etiolated cotyledons that had been excised from dark-grown cucumber seedlings and then cultured in vitro under UV light: monochromatic UV light at 270 nm or 290 nm increased the 8-OHdG level considerably, while UV at wavelengths above 310 nm had only small effects. In situ detection of H2O2 and quantification of H2O2 in plant extracts revealed that H2O2 accumulated in cotyledons irradiated with UV light. These results suggest that UV irradiation induces oxidative DNA damage in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Watanabe
- Course of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Graduated School of Science and Engineering, Hokkaido Tokai University, Sapporo 005-8601, Japan
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Macpherson P, Barone F, Maga G, Mazzei F, Karran P, Bignami M. 8-oxoguanine incorporation into DNA repeats in vitro and mismatch recognition by MutSalpha. Nucleic Acids Res 2005; 33:5094-105. [PMID: 16174844 PMCID: PMC1233161 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gki813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) causes transversions and is also implicated in frameshifts. We previously identified the dNTP pool as a likely source of mutagenic DNA 8-oxoG and demonstrated that DNA mismatch repair prevented oxidation-related frameshifts in mononucleotide repeats. Here, we show that both Klenow fragment and DNA polymerase α can utilize 8-oxodGTP and incorporate the oxidized purine into model frameshift targets. Both polymerases incorporated 8-oxodGMP opposite C and A in repetitive DNA sequences and efficiently extended a terminal 8-oxoG. The human MutSα mismatch repair factor recognized DNA 8-oxoG efficiently in some contexts that resembled frameshift intermediates in the same C or A repeats. DNA 8-oxoG in other slipped/mispaired structures in the same repeats adopted configurations that prevented recognition by MutSα and by the OGG1 DNA glycosylase thereby rendering it invisible to DNA repair. These findings are consistent with a contribution of oxidative DNA damage to frameshifts. They also suggest how mismatch repair might reduce the burden of DNA 8-oxoG and prevent frameshift formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flavia Barone
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanita'Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maga
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, IGM-CNR, National Research CouncilVia Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Filomena Mazzei
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanita'Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Margherita Bignami
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanita'Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +39 06 49902355; Fax: +39 06 49903650;
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Aguirre N, Beal MF, Matson WR, Bogdanov MB. Increased oxidative damage to DNA in an animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Free Radic Res 2005; 39:383-8. [PMID: 16028363 DOI: 10.1080/10715760400027979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Substantial evidence suggest that oxidative damage may play a role in the pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). We examined levels of 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OH2'dG) in the nuclear DNA from the spinal cord, frontal cortex, striatum and cerebellum from G93A mice at 60, 90, and 120 days of age. We also used in vivo microdialysis to measure free levels of 8OH2'dG and 8-Hydroxyguanine (8OHG) at the same time points in the frontal cortex of G93A mice. Increased 8OH2'dG DNA levels were observed in the spinal cord (at 60, 90 and 120 days), in the cortex (at 90, and 120 days), and in the striatum (at 120 days), as compared to age-matched littermate controls. No significant changes were found in the cerebellum at any of the time points studied. Free levels of 8OH2'dG in the cortex of G93A mice were increased, as compared to control mice, at 90 and 120 days. Free levels of 8OHG were found to be significantly higher at 120 days of age in control mice than in G93A mice. These results provide evidence that in this model of ALS oixidative DNA-damage is increased and base excision-repair may be deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Aguirre
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Navarra Medical School, Pamplona Medical School, Pamplona, Spain
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Jena NR, Mishra PC. Mechanisms of Formation of 8-Oxoguanine Due To Reactions of One and Two OH• Radicals and the H2O2 Molecule with Guanine: A Quantum Computational Study. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:14205-18. [PMID: 16852784 DOI: 10.1021/jp050646j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of formation of the mutagenic product 8-oxoguanine (8OG) due to reactions of guanine with two separate OH* radicals and with H2O2 were investigated at the B3LYP/6-31G, B3LYP/6-311++G, and B3LYP/AUG-cc-pVDZ levels of theory. Single point energy calculations were carried out with the MP2/AUG-cc-pVDZ method employing the optimized geometries at the B3LYP/AUG-cc-pVDZ level. Solvent effect was treated using the PCM and IEF-PCM models. Reactions of two separate OH* radicals and H2O2 with the C2 position of 5-methylimidazole (5MI) were investigated taking 5MI as a model to study reactions at the C8 position of guanine. The addition reaction of an OH* radical at the C8 position of guanine is found to be nearly barrierless while the corresponding adduct is quite stable. The reaction of a second OH* radical at the C8 position of guanine leading to the formation of 8OG complexed with a water molecule can take place according to two different mechanisms, involving two steps each. According to one mechanism, at the first step, 8-hydroxyguanine (8OHG) complexed with a water molecule is formed ,while at the second step, 8OHG is tautomerized to 8OG. In the other mechanism, at the first step, an intermediate complexed (IC) with a water molecule is formed, the five-membered ring of which is open, while at the second step, the five-membered ring is closed and a hydrogen bonded complex of 8OG with a water molecule is formed. The reaction of H2O2 with guanine leading to the formation of 8OG complexed with a water molecule can also take place in accordance with two different mechanisms having two steps each. At the first step of one mechanism, H2O2 is dissociated into two OH* groups that react with guanine to form the same IC as that formed in the reaction with two separate OH* radicals, and the subsequent step of this mechanism is also the same as that of the reaction of guanine with two separate OH* radicals. At the first step of the other mechanism of the reaction of guanine with H2O2, the latter molecule is dissociated into a hydrogen atom and an OOH* group which become bonded to the N7 and C8 atoms of guanine, respectively. At the second step of this mechanism, the OOH* group is dissociated into an oxygen atom and an OH* group, the former becomes bonded to the C8 atom of guanine while the latter abstracts the H8 atom bonded to C8, thus producing 8OG complexed with a water molecule. Solvent effects of the aqueous medium on certain reaction barriers and released energies are appreciable. 5MI works as a satisfactory model for a qualitative study of the reactions of two separate OH* radicals or H2O2 occurring at the C8 position of guanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Jena
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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50
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Jałoszyński P, Ohashi E, Ohmori H, Nishimura S. Error-prone and inefficient replication across 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxoguanine) in human and mouse ras gene fragments by DNA polymerase κ. Genes Cells 2005; 10:543-50. [PMID: 15938713 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2005.00858.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using fragments of human c-Ha-ras and mouse Ha-ras1 genes containing 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-G) in hypermutagenic codon 12, we analyzed the kinetics of DNA synthesis catalyzed by human Polkappa. This translesion DNA polymerase, belonging to the Y-family, was found to be moderately inhibited by the presence of 8-OH-G on either mouse or human templates. From our previous results, inhibition of various polymerases by 8-OH-G increases in the following order: Poleta < Polkappa < Polbeta < Polalpha, showing that major replicative and repair polymerases are more sensitive to this lesion than enzymes belonging to the Y-family. In the direct mutagenesis experiments, Polkappa was found to be more mutagenic than Poleta studied previously: it inserted dAMP more efficiently than dCMP opposite 8-OH-G. Polkappa was also able to cause indirect mispair ('action-at-a-distance' mutagenesis), this effect being more distinct on mouse templates. Two adjacent 8-OH-G residues in codon 12 inhibited Polkappa moderately and induced misincorporation of dAMP. However, this effect was not comparable to the strong relaxation of the enzyme specificity, observed previously in the case of Poleta. Polkappa catalyzed incorporation (and misincorporation of dAMP) much more efficiently on mouse templates, human DNA fragments being distinctly worse substrates. Interestingly, in direct mutagenesis systems, the preference for dAMP over dCMP was nearly the same on mouse and human templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Jałoszyński
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan.
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