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A33512C and Intronic Poly(AT) Insertion/Deletion (PAT-/+) Polymorphisms of the XPC Gene and Their Association With the Risk of Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 20:e771-e777. [PMID: 32682659 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence suggest that A33512C and intronic poly(AT) insertion/deletion (PAT-/+) polymorphisms of the XPC gene is associated with various types of malignancy. This case-control study aimed to determine the possible association between A33512C and PAT-/+ polymorphisms of the XPC gene and breast cancer (BC). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 200 women diagnosed with BC as cases and 200 ethnically matched healthy controls were genotyped for A33512C and PAT-/+ polymorphisms of the XPC gene by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and PCR methods, respectively. The possible association between XPC A33512C and PAT-/+ polymorphisms with the risk of BC were also analyzed. RESULTS PAT-/+ polymorphism of the XPC gene was significantly associated with increased risk of BC (P < .05), whereas there was no association between XPC A33512C polymorphism and BC (P > .05). The frequency of the XPC PAT+ allele in BC patients was significantly higher than those in healthy controls (odds ratio, 0.561; 95% confidence interval, 0.403-0.779; P < .05). The combined genotypes AC/PAT+/+ and CC/PAT+/+ were significantly associated with increased risk of BC. CONCLUSION The prevalence of XPC PAT+ allele was significantly higher in patients with high-tumor-stage disease compared to healthy controls. Overall, the significantly higher frequency of the PAT+ allele in the BC group compared to the control group may suggest an etiologic link between the presence of the PAT+ allele and the risk of BC.
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Caspa Gokulan R, Garcia-Buitrago MT, Zaika AI. From genetics to signaling pathways: molecular pathogenesis of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1872:37-48. [PMID: 31152823 PMCID: PMC6692203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has one of the fastest rising incidence rates in the U.S. and many other Western countries. One of the unique risk factors for EAC is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a chronic digestive condition in which acidic contents from the stomach, frequently mixed with duodenal bile, enter the esophagus resulting in esophageal tissue injury. At the cellular level, progression to EAC is underlined by continuous DNA damage caused by reflux and chronic inflammatory factors that increase the mutation rate and promote genomic instability. Despite recent successes in cancer diagnostics and treatment, EAC remains a poorly treatable disease. Recent research has shed new light on molecular alterations underlying progression to EAC and revealed novel treatment options. This review focuses on the genetic and molecular studies of EAC. The molecular changes that occur during the transformation of normal Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander I Zaika
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami, FL, United States of America.
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Wu H, Li S, Hu X, Qin W, Wang Y, Sun T, Wu Z, Wang X, Lu S, Xu D, Li Y, Guan S, Zhao H, Yao W, Liu M, Wei M. Associations of mRNA expression of DNA repair genes and genetic polymorphisms with cancer risk: a bioinformatics analysis and meta-analysis. J Cancer 2019; 10:3593-3607. [PMID: 31333776 PMCID: PMC6636297 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematical bioinformatics and meta-analysis were carried out to establish our understanding of possible relationships between DNA repair genes and the development of cancer. The bioinformatics analysis confirmed that lower XPA and XPC levels and higher XPD, XPF, and WRN levels were observed in 19 types of cancer, and subsequently results indicated that elevated XPA and XPC had a better impact on overall survival, however, higher XPD, XPF, and WRN showed worse influence on cancer prognosis. The meta-analysis included 58 eligible studies demonstrated that harboring XPA rs10817938, XPD rs238406 increased overall cancer risk, however, XPA rs2808668 SNP in overall cancer analysis and XPF rs3136038 in the digestive system remarkably reduced the cancer risk. Moreover, no correlation was investigated for XPC rs1870134, WRN rs1346044 and rs1801195. These suggest that the DNA repair gene was associated with carcinogenesis, and contribute to the prognosis, and the critical SNPs further involved in affecting cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Shanqiong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Tong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China.,Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Senxu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Dongping Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Yalun Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Shu Guan
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Haishan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Weifan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Mingyan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
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4
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Polymorphic Variation in Double Strand Break Repair Gene in Indian Population: A Comparative Approach with Worldwide Ethnic Group Variations. Indian J Clin Biochem 2018; 33:184-189. [PMID: 29651209 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
DNA repair capacity is essential in maintaining cellular functions and homeostasis. Identification of genetic polymorphisms responsible for reduced DNA repair capacity may allow better cancer prevention. Double strand break repair pathway plays critical roles in maintaining genome stability. Present study was conducted to determine distribution of XRCC3 Exon 7 (C18067T, rs861539) and XRCC7 Intron 8 (G6721T, rs7003908) gene polymorphisms in North Indian population and compare with different populations globally. The genotype assays were performed in 224 normal healthy individuals of similar ethnicity using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Allelic frequencies of wild type were 79% (C) in XRCC3 Exon 7 C > T and 57% (G) in XRCC7 Intron 8 (G > T) 57% (G) observed. On the other hand, the variant allele frequency were 21% (T) in XRCC3 Exon 7 C > T and 43% (T) in XRCC7 Intron 8 G > T respectively. Major differences from other ethnic populations were observed. Our results suggest that frequency in these DNA repair genes exhibit distinctive pattern in India that could be attributed to ethnicity variation. This could assist in high-risk screening of humans exposed to environmental carcinogens and cancer predisposition in different ethnic groups.
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Findlay JM, Middleton MR, Tomlinson I. Genetic Biomarkers of Barrett's Esophagus Susceptibility and Progression to Dysplasia and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2016; 61:25-38. [PMID: 26445852 PMCID: PMC4700058 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a common and important precursor lesion of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). A third of patients with BE are asymptomatic, and our ability to predict the risk of progression of metaplasia to dysplasia and EAC (and therefore guide management) is limited. There is an urgent need for clinically useful biomarkers of susceptibility to both BE and risk of subsequent progression. This study aims to systematically identify, review, and meta-analyze genetic biomarkers reported to predict both. A systematic review of the PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed in May 2014. Study and evidence quality were appraised using the revised American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines, and modified Recommendations for Tumor Marker Scores. Meta-analysis was performed for all markers assessed by more than one study. A total of 251 full-text articles were reviewed; 52 were included. A total of 33 germline markers of susceptibility were identified (level of evidence II-III); 17 were included. Five somatic markers of progression were identified; meta-analysis demonstrated significant associations for chromosomal instability (level of evidence II). One somatic marker of progression/relapse following photodynamic therapy was identified. However, a number of failings of methodology and reporting were identified. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate genetic biomarkers of BE susceptibility and risk of progression. While a number of limitations of study quality temper the utility of those markers identified, some-in particular, those identified by genome-wide association studies, and chromosomal instability for progression-appear plausible, although robust validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Findlay
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.
- Oxford OesophagoGastric Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation trust, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK.
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, The Joint Research Office, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK.
| | - Mark R Middleton
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, The Joint Research Office, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, The Joint Research Office, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
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dos Santos Pereira J, Fontes FL, de Medeiros SRB, de Almeida Freitas R, de Souza LB, da Costa Miguel MC. Association of the XPD and XRCC3 gene polymorphisms with oral squamous cell carcinoma in a Northeastern Brazilian population: A pilot study. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 64:19-23. [PMID: 26742000 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the association between XPD and XRCC3 polymorphisms and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). DESIGN the sample consisted of 54 cases of OSCC and 40 cases of inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH). Genotypes were determined by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. RESULTS XPD-Lys/Gln was more common in IFH (n=28; 70%) than in OSCC (n=24; 44.4%) (OR: 0.3; p<0.05). XPD-Gln was more frequent in high-grade lesions (0.48) than in low-grade lesions (0.21) (OR: 3.4; p<0.05). The Gln/Gln genotype was associated with III and IV clinical stages (OR: 0.07; p<0.05). XRCC3-Met was more frequent in OSCC (0.49) than in IFH (0.35) (OR: 2.6; p<0.05). The Met/Met genotype was associated with the presence of metastases (OR: 8.1; p<0.05) and with III and IV clinical stages (OR: 0.07; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS in this sample, the frequency of XPD-Gln in IFH suggests that this variant may protect against OSCC. The presence of the XRCC3-Met allele seems to contribute to the development of OSCC, metastases and more advanced stages in these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joabe dos Santos Pereira
- Departament of Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Lima Fontes
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Roseana de Almeida Freitas
- Post-Graduation Program of Oral Pathology, Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Lélia Batista de Souza
- Post-Graduation Program of Oral Pathology, Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Márcia Cristina da Costa Miguel
- Post-Graduation Program of Oral Pathology, Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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Findlay JM, Middleton MR, Tomlinson I. Genetic susceptibility to Barrett's oesophagus: Lessons from early studies. United European Gastroenterol J 2015; 4:485-92. [PMID: 27536357 PMCID: PMC4971784 DOI: 10.1177/2050640615611018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) is a common condition, predisposing strongly to the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). Consequently, there has been considerable effort to determine the processes involved in the development of BO metaplasia, and ultimately develop markers of patients at risk. Whilst a number of robust acquired risk factors have been identified, a genetic component to these and the apparent increased susceptibility of certain individuals has long been suspected. This has been evidenced in part by linkage studies, but subsequently two recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have suggested mechanisms underlying the heritability of BO, as well as providing the first direct evidence at modern levels of statistical significance. This review discusses BO heritability, in addition to that of individual variants and genes reported to be associated with BO to date. Through this, we identify a number of plausible associations, although often tempered by issues of methodology, and discuss the priorities and need for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Findlay
- Molecular and Population Genetics, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford OesophagoGastric Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, The Joint Research Office, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark R Middleton
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, The Joint Research Office, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Molecular and Population Genetics, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, The Joint Research Office, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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8
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Association of polymorphisms in X-ray repair cross complementing 1 gene and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a Chinese population. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:509215. [PMID: 25710005 PMCID: PMC4331318 DOI: 10.1155/2015/509215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the X-ray repair cross complementing 1 gene (XRCC1) and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Chinese population. METHODS A case-control study including 381 primary ESCC patients recruited from hospital and 432 normal controls matched with patients by age and gender from Chinese Han population was conducted. The genotypes of three XRCC1 polymorphisms at -77T>C (T-77C), codon 194 (Arg194Trp), and codon 399 (Arg399Gln) were studied by means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques (PCR-RFLP). Unconditional logistic regression model and haplotype analysis were used to estimate associations of these three SNPs in XRCC1 gene with ESCC risk. RESULTS Polymorphisms at these three sites in XRCC1 gene were not found to be associated with risk for developing ESCC; however the haplotype C(codon 194)G(codon 399)C(-77T>C) was significantly associated with reduced risk of ESCC (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.40-0.96) upon haplotype analysis. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the gene-gene interactions might play vital roles in the progression on esophageal cancer in Chinese Han population and it would be necessary to confirm these findings in a large and multiethnic population.
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Helicobacter pylori Infection in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the Asian Countries. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:985249. [PMID: 25642246 PMCID: PMC4302361 DOI: 10.1155/2015/985249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection, a common infection in many countries, is related to the clinical course of upper gastrointestinal diseases. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common esophageal disease in Western countries and its prevalence is increasing in Asian countries. The pathophysiology of GERD is multifactorial. Although no single factor has been isolated as the cause of GERD, a negative association between the prevalence of H. pylori and the severity of GERD, including Barrett's esophagus, has been demonstrated in epidemiological studies. The high prevalence of H. pylori infection affects the incidence of GERD in Asian countries. In the subjects with East Asian CagA-positive strains, acid injury may be minimized by hypochlorhydria from pangastritis and gastric atrophy. Additionally, host genetic factors may affect the development of GERD. The interactions between genetic factors and the virulence of H. pylori infection may be the reason for the low prevalence of GERD in Asian countries. H. pylori eradication is not considered pivotal in GERD exacerbation based on evidence from Western studies. A recent meta-analysis demonstrated that eradication therapy of H. pylori was related to a higher risk of developing de novo GERD in Asian studies. H. pylori infection remains an inconclusive and important issue in GERD in Asian countries.
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Areeshi MY. Genetic variation in a DNA double strand break repair gene in saudi population: a comparative study with worldwide ethnic groups. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:7091-4. [PMID: 24460256 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair capacity is crucial in maintaining cellular functions and homeostasis. However, it can be altered based on DNA sequence variations in DNA repair genes and this may lead to the development of many diseases including malignancies. Identification of genetic polymorphisms responsible for reduced DNA repair capacity is necessary for better prevention. Homologous recombination (HR), a major double strand break repair pathway, plays a critical role in maintaining the genome stability. The present study was performed to determine the frequency of the HR gene XRCC3 Exon 7 (C18067T, rs861539) polymorphisms in Saudi Arabian population in comparison with epidemiological studies by "MEDLINE" search to equate with global populations. The variant allelic (T) frequency of XRCC3 (C>T) was found to be 39%. Our results suggest that frequency of XRCC3 (C>T) DNA repair gene exhibits distinctive patterns compared with the Saudi Arabian population and this might be attributed to ethnic variation. The present findings may help in high-risk screening of humans exposed to environmental carcinogens and cancer predisposition in different ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Yahya Areeshi
- College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia E-mail :
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Guo XF, Wang J, Lei XF, Zeng YP, Dong WG. XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms and the risk of esophageal cancer: an updated meta-analysis. Intern Med 2015; 54:251-9. [PMID: 25748732 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Published data regarding the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms and esophageal cancer (EC) cancer remain controversial. The present meta-analysis aimed to obtain a more precise estimation of the relationship between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms and the risk of EC. METHODS All eligible case-control studies of Lys751Gln polymorphisms and susceptibility to EC were selected from PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI up to October 2013. The data were extracted, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 21 case-control studies from 19 reports were assessed in this meta-analysis, including 6,581 cases and 8,251 controls. There was a significant association between the XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and the risk of esophageal cancer in the overall population (Dominant model: OR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.07-1.57, p<0.05; Lys/Gln vs. Gln/Gln: OR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.05-137, p<0.05; Gln/Gln vs. Lys/Lys: OR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.08-2.85, p=0.02; Recessive model: OR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.06-2.07, p=0.02). Similar results were found when stratified according to the cancer type, ethnicity and control source. However, no associations were found among smokers or drinkers. CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis suggest that XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms contribute to susceptibility to EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Feng Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
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12
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Lou Z, Xing H, Li D. Alcohol consumption and the neoplastic progression in Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105612. [PMID: 25299129 PMCID: PMC4191954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In the developed countries, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is increasing over recent decades. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to arrive at quantitative conclusions about the contribution of alcohol intakes and the progression of Barrett's esophagus. Methods A comprehensive, systematic bibliographic search of medical literature published up to Oct 2013 was conducted to identify relevant studies. A meta-analysis was conducted for alcohol consumption on the Barrett's esophagus progression. Results A total of 882 cases in 6,867 individuals from 14 observational studies were indemnified in this meta-analysis. The result of this current meta-analysis, including 10 case-control and 4 cohort studies, indicated that alcohol consumption was not associated with the neoplastic progression in Barrett's esophagus (RR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.93–1.48). When stratified by the study designs, no significant association was detected in either high vs low group or ever vs never group. Conclusions Alcohol drinking is not associated with risk of neoplastic progression in Barrett's esophagus. Further well designed studies are needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Lou
- The department of stomatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Xing
- The department of intensive care unit, Xiasha Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Zhu ML, He J, Wang M, Sun MH, Jin L, Wang X, Yang YJ, Wang JC, Zheng L, Xiang JQ, Wei QY. Potentially functional polymorphisms in the ERCC2 gene and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese populations. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6281. [PMID: 25209371 PMCID: PMC4160711 DOI: 10.1038/srep06281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ERCC2 is indispensable for nucleotide excision repair pathway, and its functional polymorphisms may be associated with cancer risk. In a large case-control study of 1126 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) patients and 1131 controls, we genotyped two SNPs in ERCC2 (rs238406 G > T and rs13181 T > G) and assessed their associations with ESCC risk. We found a significantly elevated ESCC risk associated with the rs238406 T variant genotypes (adjusted OR = 1.30 and 1.24, 95% CI = 1.02-1.66 and 1.03-1.49 for TG and TG/TT, respectively, compared with GG), particularly in the subgroup of those smoked more than 16 pack-years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested a possible multiplicative gene-environment interaction between rs238406 genotypes and smoking (Pinteraction = 0.026) on ESCC risk. Although no significant risk associations were observed for rs13181, further mini meta-analysis with our and 18 other published studies of 5,012 cases and 8,238 controls found evidence of an association between the rs13181 variant G allele and esophageal cancer risk (TG/GG vs. TT, OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.02-1.33). Interestingly, we consistently found a significant correlation between variant genotypes of these two SNPs and ERCC2 mRNA expression. These findings suggest that potentially functional SNPs in ERCC2 may contribute to ESCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Zhu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing He
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - MengYun Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Hong Sun
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, 1 Yaocheng Road, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, 1 Yaocheng Road, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, 1 Yaocheng Road, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiu-Cun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, 1 Yaocheng Road, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Leizhen Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Qing Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Yi Wei
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, 10 Bryn Searle Dr., Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Feng YZ, Liu YL, He XF, Wei W, Shen XL, Xie DL. Association between the XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism and risk of cancer: evidence from 201 case-control studies. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:10677-97. [PMID: 25064613 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arg194Trp polymorphism in the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) had been implicated in cancer susceptibility. The previous published data on the association between XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism and cancer risk remained controversial. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between cancer susceptibility and XRCC1 Arg194Trp (59,227 cases and 81,587 controls from 201 studies) polymorphism in different inheritance models. We used odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals to assess the strength of the association. Overall, significantly increased cancer risk was found (recessive model: (odds ration [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-1.27; homozygous model: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.10-1.33; additive model: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01-1.09) when all eligible studies were pooled into the meta-analysis. In further stratified and sensitivity analyses, significantly increased glioma risk was found among Asians, significantly decreased lung cancer risk was found among Caucasians, and significant increased breast cancer risk was found among hospital-based studies. In summary, this meta-analysis suggests that Arg194Trp polymorphism may be associated with increased breast cancer risk, Arg194Trp polymorphism is associated with increased glioma risk among Asians, and Arg194Trp polymorphism is associated with decreased lung cancer risk among Caucasians. In addition, our work also points out the importance of new studies for Arg194Trp association in some cancer types, such as gastric, pancreatic, prostate, and nasopharyngeal cancers, where at least some of the covariates responsible for heterogeneity could be controlled, to obtain a more conclusive understanding about the function of the XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism in cancer development (I (2) > 75%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zhong Feng
- Department of maternity, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
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The effect of XPD polymorphisms on digestive tract cancers risk: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96301. [PMID: 24787743 PMCID: PMC4008560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Xeroderma pigmento-sum group D gene (XPD) plays a key role in nucleotide excision repair. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located in its functional region may alter DNA repair capacity phenotype and cancer risk. Many studies have demonstrated that XPD polymorphisms are significantly associated with digestive tract cancers risk, but the results are inconsistent. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the association between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and digestive tract cancers risk. The digestive tract cancers that our study referred to, includes oral cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. Methods We searched PubMed and EmBase up to December 31, 2012 to identify eligible studies. A total of 37 case-control studies including 9027 cases and 16072 controls were involved in this meta-analysis. Statistical analyses were performed with Stata software (version 11.0, USA). Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association. Results The results showed that XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism was associated with the increased risk of digestive tract cancers (homozygote comparison (GlnGln vs. LysLys): OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01–1.24, P = 0.029, Pheterogeneity = 0.133). We found no statistical evidence for a significantly increased digestive tract cancers risk in the other genetic models. In the subgroup analysis, we also found the homozygote comparison increased the susceptibility of Asian population (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.01–1.63, P = 0.045, Pheterogeneity = 0.287). Stratified by cancer type and source of control, no significantly increased cancer risk was found in these subgroups. Additionally, risk estimates from hospital-based studies and esophageal studies were heterogeneous. Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggested that the XPD 751Gln/Gln genotype was a low-penetrate risk factor for developing digestive tract cancers, especially in Asian populations.
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Chicheva Z, Chelenkova P, Petkova R, Chakarov S. Children of the Sun, Children of the Moon—A Mini-Panel for Assessment of Inter-Individual Variation Between the Capacity of Healthy Individuals to Repair Everyday Genotoxic Insults. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2012.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Petkova R, Chelenkova P, Georgieva E, Chakarov S. What's Your Poison? Impact of Individual Repair Capacity on the Outcomes of Genotoxic Therapies in Cancer. Part I—Role of Individual Repair Capacity in the Constitution of Risk for Late-Onset Multifactorial Disease. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2013.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Zhong Q, Zhou W, Chen X, Chen X, Fang J, Huang Z. Polymorphisms of the XPC gene may contribute to the risk of head and neck cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3917-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Chen XQ, Wang F, Zheng YL, Fan QX, Yue DL, Ma ZJ. Association between the c.910A>G genetic variant of the XRCC1 gene and susceptibility to esophageal cancer in the Chinese Han population. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:1028-1032. [PMID: 24345911 PMCID: PMC3935274 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20133396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common malignancy worldwide. The X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 gene (XRCC1) is one of the most important candidate genes for influencing susceptibility to EC. This study aimed to investigate the effect of XRCC1 genetic variants on susceptibility to EC. A total of 383 EC patients (males: 239, females: 144, mean age: 56.62) and 387 cancer-free controls (males: 251, females: 136, mean age: 58.23) were enrolled in this study. The c.910A>G genetic variant of the XRCC1 gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing methods. The allele and genotype frequencies indicated statistical differences between EC patients and cancer-free controls. The c.910A>G genetic variant was statistically associated with increased susceptibility to EC [GG vs AA: odds ratio (OR)=1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.12-2.86, P=0.014; GG vs AG/AA: OR=1.76, 95%CI=1.13-2.75, P=0.013; G vs A: OR=1.25, 95%CI=1.01-1.55, P=0.041]. The allele G and genotype GG could contribute to the increased susceptibility to EC. Our findings suggest that the c.910A>G genetic variant is associated with susceptibility to EC in the Chinese Han population, and might be used as a molecular marker for detecting susceptibility to EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Chen
- Zhengzhou University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, ZhengzhouHenan Province, China
| | - F Wang
- Zhengzhou University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, ZhengzhouHenan Province, China
| | - Y L Zheng
- Zhengzhou University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, ZhengzhouHenan Province, China
| | - Q X Fan
- Zhengzhou University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, ZhengzhouHenan Province, China
| | - D L Yue
- Zhengzhou University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, ZhengzhouHenan Province, China
| | - Z J Ma
- Zhengzhou University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, ZhengzhouHenan Province, China
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Dai QS, Hua RX, Zhang R, Huang YS, Hua ZM, Yun CT, Zeng RF, Long JT. Poly (AT) deletion/insertion polymorphism of the XPC gene contributes to urinary system cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis. Gene 2013; 528:335-42. [PMID: 23892089 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Numerous studies have investigated the association between xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) poly (AT) deletion/insertion (PAT -/+) polymorphism and cancer susceptibility; however, the findings are inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis based on 32 publications including 10,214 cases and 11,302 controls to acquire a more robust estimation of the relationship. We searched publications from MEDLINE, EMBASE and CBM which assessed the associations between XPC PAT -/+ polymorphism and cancer risk. We calculated pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) by using either fixed-effects or random-effects model. We found that individuals carrying the PAT +/+ genotype have significantly increased cancer risk (PAT +/+ vs. PAT -/- OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.03-1.35 and recessive model: OR=1.19, 95% CI=1.06-1.33). Further stratification analysis showed a significantly increased risk for prostate cancer (PAT +/+ vs. PAT -/- OR=2.20, 95% CI=1.39-3.48, recessive model: OR=2.07, 95% CI=1.33-3.23 and PAT + vs. PAT - OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.12-1.71), bladder cancer (recessive model: OR=1.33, 95% CI=1.03-1.72), Caucasian ethnicity (recessive model: OR=1.21, 95% CI=1.02-1.43), population-based studies (recessive model: OR=1.23, 95% CI=1.05-1.43) and studies with relatively large sample size (PAT +/+ vs. PAT -/- OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.04-1.35 and recessive model: OR=1.20, 95% CI=1.08-1.33). Despite some limitations, this meta-analysis established solid statistical evidence for the association between the XPC PAT +/+ genotype and cancer risk, especially for urinary system cancer, but this association warrants further validation in single large studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Sheng Dai
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
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Li S, Deng Y, You JP, Chen ZP, Peng QL, Huang XM, Lu QH, Huang XL, Zhao JM, Qin X. XRCC1 Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp, and Arg280His polymorphisms in esophageal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:1880-90. [PMID: 23543084 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-013-2569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The X-ray repair cross-complementation group 1 (XRCC1) protein plays an important role in base excision repair. AIM To elucidate the role of XRCC1 Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp and Arg280His genotypes in esophageal cancer risk, all available studies were considered in the present meta-analysis. METHODS Eligible studies were identified by searching several electronic databases for relevant reports published before June 2012. RESULTS According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, a total of 21 eligible studies were included in the pooled analyses. Among the 21 studies, 18 focused on Arg399Gln polymorphism, 11 described the Arg194Trp, and 4 articles investigated on Arg280His. Our analysis suggested that there was no evidence of significant association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer risk in any genetic model. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity for Arg399Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer, the results showed that Arg399Gln polymorphism was not associated with esophageal cancer risk. Only 4 studies analyzed the relationship between XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism and the risk of esophageal cancer. The Arg/His and His/His genotypes were not significantly associated with increased risk of EC. A similar negative association was maintained in dominant and recessive models. However, for XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism, our study showed individuals carrying the variant genotype Trp/Trp had a significant increased risk of esophageal cancer (OR = 1.295, 95 % CI 1.053-1.591, P = 0.014). In addition, increased associations were found in recessive model (OR = 1.332, 95 % CI 1.093-1.624, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis suggested that Arg194Trp Trp allele might act as a risk allele in its association with esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
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He XF, Wei W, Li JL, Shen XL, Ding DP, Wang SL, Liu ZZ, Qin JB, Wu LX, Xie DL. Association between the XRCC3 T241M polymorphism and risk of cancer: evidence from 157 case-control studies. Gene 2013; 523:10-9. [PMID: 23562721 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The T241M polymorphism in the X-ray cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) had been implicated in cancer susceptibility. The previous published data on the association between XRCC3 T241M polymorphism and cancer risk remained controversial. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between cancer susceptibility and XRCC3 T241M (61,861 cases and 84,584 controls from 157 studies) polymorphism in different inheritance models. We used odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals to assess the strength of the association. Overall, significantly increased cancer risk was observed in any genetic model (dominant model: odds ration [OR]=1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.00-1.13; recessive model: OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.08-1.23; additive model: OR=1.17, 95% CI=1.08-1.28) when all eligible studies were pooled into the meta-analysis. In further stratified and sensitivity analyses, the elevated risk remained for subgroups of bladder cancer and breast cancer, especially in Caucasians. In addition, significantly decreased lung cancer risk was also observed. In summary, this meta-analysis suggests the participation of XRCC3 T241M in the susceptibility for bladder cancer and breast cancer, especially in Caucasians, and XRCC3 T241M polymorphism is associated with decreased lung cancer risk. Moreover, our work also points out the importance of new studies for T241M association in some cancer types, such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and melanoma skin cancer, where at least some of the covariates responsible for heterogeneity could be controlled, to obtain a more conclusive understanding about the function of the XRCC3 polymorphism in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng He
- Department of Research, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, PR China.
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Jiang X, Zhou LT, Zhang SC, Chen K. XPC Polymorphism Increases Risk of Digestive System Cancers: Current Evidence from A Meta-Analysis. Chin J Cancer Res 2013; 24:181-9. [PMID: 23359774 DOI: 10.1007/s11670-012-0181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) participates in the initial recognition of DNA damage during nucleotide excision repair process in global genomic repair. Our meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between three polymorphisms (Lys939Gln, PAT+/- and Ala499Val) of XPC gene and risk of digestive system cancers. METHODS All the relevant case-control studies published to April 2011 were identified through searching PubMed. Digestive system cancer risk with the three polymorphisms was estimated for each study by odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS We found an increased overall risk for digestive system cancers in all three models of Lys939Gln A>C (AC/CC vs. AA: OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.11-1.30; CC vs. AC/AA: OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.11-1.39; CC vs. AA: OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.21-1.53). When stratified by ethnicity, results remained significant in Asian population (AC/CC vs. AA: OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37; CC vs. AC/AA: OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.1-1.51; CC vs. AA: OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.08-1.70), but not for Caucasians. However for Ala499Val C>T, a significant protective effect of T allele was only observed in the dominant model. Otherwise, no significant results were observed for PAT+/-. CONCLUSION XPC Lys939Gln A>C polymorphism may play an important role in digestive system cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Liu Y, Chen Z, Wei Q, Yuan F, Zhi Y, Song B, Yang J. Poly (AT) polymorphism in the XPC gene and smoking enhance the risk of prostate cancer in a low-risk Chinese population. Cancer Genet 2012; 205:205-11. [PMID: 22682619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated two polymorphisms of xeroderma pigmentosum complementary group C (XPC) in 202 subjects with prostate cancer (PCa) and 221 healthy controls in a Chinese Han population. Genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Our results indicated that smoking is associated with an increased risk for PCa (odds ratio [OR]: 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-2.22). Subjects carrying the XPC-PAT+/+ genotype exhibited a significantly increased risk for PCa (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.12-3.99). The combined subjects with either the PAT+/+ or PAT+/- genotype also exhibited a 1.54-fold increased risk associated with PCa (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.04-2.26). Moreover, smokers with PAT+/- or PAT+/+ had a higher risk for PCa (OR: 1.98; 95% CI: 1.08-3.64; P = 0.026 and OR: 3.56; 95% CI: 1.45-8.76; P = 0.004, respectively) compared with never smokers with the PAT-/- genotype. Analyses of the XPC Lys939Gln polymorphism did not show an association with PCa risk. Our findings support the hypothesis that XPC-PAT polymorphisms may contribute to the risk of developing PCa. More important, an elevated risk of PCa associated with a gene-environment (smoking) interaction was determined in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Urology Institute of PLA, Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Tarlarini C, Penco S, Conio M, Grossi E. Role of XPC, XPD, XRCC1, GSTP genetic polymorphisms and Barrett's esophagus in a cohort of Italian subjects. A neural network analysis. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2012; 5:159-66. [PMID: 22893750 PMCID: PMC3418826 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s32610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus (BE), a metaplastic premalignant disorder, represents the primary risk factor for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and central obesity have been associated with BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma, but relatively little is known about the specific genes that confer susceptibility to BE carcinogenesis. METHODS A total of 74 patients with BE and 67 controls coming from six gastrointestinal Italian units were evaluated for six polymorphisms in four genes: XPC, XPD nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes, XRCC1 (BER gene), and glutathione S-transferase P1. Smoking status was analyzed together with the genetic data. Statistical analysis was performed through Artificial Neural Networks. RESULTS Distributions of sex, smoking history, and polymorphisms among BE cases and controls did not show statistically significant differences. The r-value from linear correlation allowed us to identify possible protective factors as well as possible risk factors. The application of advanced intelligent systems allowed for the selection of a subgroup of nine variables. Artificial Neural Networks applied on the final data set reached mean global accuracy of 60%, reaching as high as 65.88%. CONCLUSION We report here results from an exploratory study. Results from this study failed to find an association among the tested single nucleotide polymorphisms and BE phenotype through classical statistical methods. On the contrary, advanced intelligent systems are really able to handle the disease complexity, not treating the data with reductionist approaches unable to detect multiple genes of smaller effect in predisposing to the disease. IMPACT To detect multiple genes of smaller effects in predisposing individuals to Barrett's esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tarlarini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Genetics, Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Penco
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Genetics, Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: Silvana Penco, Medical Genetics Unit, Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital, P.za Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milano, Italy, Tel +39 026 444 2830, Fax +39 026 444 2783, Email
| | - Massimo Conio
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital, San Remo, Italy
| | - Enzo Grossi
- Medical Department, Bracco Imaging SpA, Milan, Italy
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Kumar A, Pant MC, Singh HS, Khandelwal S. Associated risk of XRCC1 and XPD cross talk and life style factors in progression of head and neck cancer in north Indian population. Mutat Res 2011; 729:24-34. [PMID: 21945240 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Effective DNA repair machinery ensures maintenance of genomic integrity. Environmental insults, ageing and replication errors necessitate the need for proper DNA repair systems. Any alteration in DNA repair efficacy would play a dominant role in progression of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN). Genotypes of XRCC1 gene-Arg194Trp, Arg280His, Arg399Gln and XPD Lys751Gln, by PCR-RFLP were studied in 278 SCCHN patients and an equal number of matched healthy controls residing in north India. In XRCC1 polymorphisms, Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln variants showed a reduced risk, whereas, XPD Lys751Gln variants exhibited ∼2-fold increase in SCCHN risk. With XRCC1-Arg280His variants, there was no association with SCCHN risk. Arg399Gln of XRCC1 appears to have a protective role in people those consume alcohol, while XPD Lys751Gln variants indicated ∼2-fold increased risk of SCCHN in all the co-variate groups. Comparison of gene-gene interaction among XRCC1 Arg280His and XPD Lys751Gln suggested enhanced risk of SCCHN by ∼2.3-fold in group one and ∼6.1-fold in group two. In dichotomized groups of this combination, the risk was ∼2.4 times. Haplotype analysis revealed the frequency of C-G-G-G and C-A-G-G to be significantly associated with an increased risk of SCCHN. On the contrary, T-G-A-A significantly diminished the risk. CART analysis results showed that the terminal node that contains homozygous mutants of XPD Lys751Gln and XRCC1 Arg194Trp, wild type of XRCC1 Arg399Gln and homozygous mutant of XRCC1 Arg280His, represent the highest risk group. Our results demonstrate high degree of gene-gene interaction involving DNA repair genes of NER and BER pathways, namely XRCC1 and XPD. This study amply demonstrates positive association of XPD Arg751Gln polymorphism with an increased risk of SCCHN. Further, XRCC1 Arg280His variant though dormant individually, may also contribute to the development of cancer in combination with XPD Arg751Gln.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India
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XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:2533-40. [PMID: 21667112 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The published data on the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer (EC) remained controversial. The present meta-analysis of literatures was performed to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all case-control studies of Lys751Gln polymorphism and risk for two main types of EC: esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 12 studies were identified to the meta-analysis, including 2,575 cases (1,294 ESCC and 1,281 EADC) and 4,951 controls (1,891 ESCC and 3,060 EADC). Random-effects or fix-effects model was used according to between-study heterogeneity. The odds ratio (OR) for the variant homozygous genotype Gln/Gln of the Lys751Gln polymorphism, compared with the wild type homozygote Lys/Lys, was 1.26, with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.02-1.56, for EADC risk without between-study heterogeneity. When stratified by ethnicity, statistically significantly elevated risk was found among Chinese (Gln/Gln vs. Lys/Lys: OR 2.45, 95% CI = 1.10-5.44). However, no significant associations were found between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and EC risk when all studies pooled into the meta-analysis (Lys/Gln vs. Lys/Lys: OR 1.07, 95% CI = 0.88-1.28; Gln/Gln vs.us Lys/Lys: OR 1.25, 95% CI = 0.92-1.71; dominant model: OR 1.09, 95% CI = 0.90-1.33). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that the Lys751Gln genetic polymorphism may be a potential biomarker of EC susceptibility in Chinese populations. And a study with the larger sample size is needed to further evaluate gene-environment interaction on XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and EC risk.
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Yuan L, Cui D, Zhao EJ, Jia CZ, Wang LD, Lu WQ. XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer risk: A meta-analysis involving 2288 cases and 4096 controls. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:2343-8. [PMID: 21633601 PMCID: PMC3098403 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i18.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD), genetic polymorphism Lys751Gln and esophageal cancer risk.
METHODS: We searched PubMed up to September 1, 2010 to identify eligible studies. A total of 10 case-control studies including 2288 cases and 4096 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manage version 4.2. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association.
RESULTS: The results suggested that there is no significant association between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer susceptibility in the overall population. However, in subgroup analysis by histology type, a significant association was found between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal adenocarcinoma (for CC vs AA: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.55, P = 0.05 for heterogeneity).
CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggested that XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
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Genetic factors in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Indian J Gastroenterol 2011; 30:55-62. [PMID: 21562717 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-011-0095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple factors play a role in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Two landmark studies showing higher concordance of disease in monozygotic than dizygotic twin pairs suggested the role of host genetic factors in its pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that genetic polymorphism in genes influencing host's inflammatory response, drug metabolism, cell cycle regulation, xenobiotic pathways, DNA repair, mutagenesis, esophageal sensory function and gene silencing are associated with risk of GERD and its sequelae-Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, more studies on larger sample size are needed before reaching a definite conclusion on the role of an individual gene.
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Karaman A, Binici DN, Kabalar ME, Koca T, Dursun H. Genomic instability in patients with Barrett's esophagus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 201:88-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ghoshal UC, Chourasia D. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Helicobacter pylori: What May Be the Relationship? J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010; 16:243-50. [PMID: 20680162 PMCID: PMC2912116 DOI: 10.5056/jnm.2010.16.3.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is controversial. We aimed to review the possible relationship between H. pylori infection and GERD. Epidemiological data indicate an inverse relationship between frequency of H. pylori infection and prevalence of GERD and its complications like Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. H. pylori eradication in patients with peptic ulcer disease may be associated with increased risk of development of GERD compared with untreated patients. Infection with cagA bearing strains of H. pylori was associated with less severe GERD including endoscopic esophagitis, possibly due to pangastritis leading to hypochlorhydria. Recent studies on inflammatory markers (IL-1β and IL-1RN) suggest pro-inflammatory genotypes to be protective against development of severe GERD, especially in patients with H. pylori infection. Identification of candidate genes playing an important role in gastric acid secretion and visceral hypersensitivity to the esophageal epithelium might help in early detection of individuals susceptible to develop GERD. Interplay between H. pylori and host factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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MUTYH Tyr165Cys, OGG1 Ser326Cys and XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms and head neck cancer susceptibility: a case control study. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:1251-61. [PMID: 20571908 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the association between three polymorphisms of the MUTYH (Tyr165Cys, rs34612342), the OGG1 (Ser326Cys, rs1052133) and the XPD (Lys751Gln, rs13181) genes with head and neck cancer risk. Genotypes were determined in DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 265 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) as well as 280 cancer-free controls by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. We found an association between HNSCC and the Ser326Cys (OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.19-2.45) as well as Cys326Cys (OR 4.56; 95% CI 2.07-10.05) variants of the OGG1 gene. The gene-gene interaction between MUTYH and OGG1 as well as OGG1 and XPD polymorphic variants may contribute to higher prevalence of HNSCC. We also found an association between Ser326Cys and Cys326Cys variants of OGG1 gene and smoking status in HNSCC patients (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.25-3.11), (OR 3.54; 95% CI 1.39-9.04), respectively. Moreover, we also observed a protective association between Tyr165Cys variant of the MUTYH gene and non-smoking status in HNSCC (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.17-0.66). We also found a link between gene-gene interaction (MUTYH and OGG1 or OGG1 and XPD) and smoking (ORs 2.17-4.20 and 2.18-5.23) or non-smoking status (ORs 0.11 and 7.61) in HNSCC patients, respectively. In conclusion our data showed that the Ser326Cys polymorphism of the OGG1 gene may modify the risk of HNSCC associated with smoking. Finally we suggested that this polymorphism might be used as predictive factor for head and neck cancer in Polish population.
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Abstract
Biomarkers are needed to screen multiple stages in the clinical pathway of Barrett's oesophagus patients; from disease diagnosis to risk stratification and predicting response to therapy. Routes to the identification of biomarkers have been recognized by known molecular features of the disease and more recently through transcriptomic, methylation and proteomic screening approaches. The majority of Barrett's oesophagus patients remain undiagnosed in the general population. In order to develop a tool to screen for Barrett's oesophagus in the primary care setting, minimally invasive sampling methods coupled with immunocytology-based biomarkers are currently being assessed. Biomarkers may also have utility in surveillance programmes by allowing endoscopic interval to be adjusted according to individual neoplastic risk. Many individual biomarkers have been proposed in this regard, but have frequently been assessed in studies of limited power, or have lacked sufficient sensitivity or specificity when assessed in wider population-based studies. Biomarker panels may provide a route forward. In this regard, a panel of methylation markers has shown promise in a multicentre, double-blind, validation study. Biomarkers are also being developed to improve detection of high-grade dysplasia and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, utilizing brush cytology combined with FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), and to assess therapeutic success and risk of complication during photodynamic therapy. Finally, we outline progress in identifying alternative sources of biomarkers for this condition.
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Balbuena L, Casson AG. Dietary folate and vitamin B6 are not associated with p53 mutations in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2010; 49:211-4. [PMID: 20025073 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested an association between dietary folate, and related B-vitamins, and risk for cancer, potentially mediated by the p53 tumor suppressor gene. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of dietary folate and vitamin B(6) intake on p53 in the molecular pathogenesis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC). For each participant, a structured questionnaire was used to obtain detailed sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors, including diet, from which folate and vitamin B(6) intake were calculated. Risks for p53 mutations, p53 mutations at CpG sites, and p53 protein overexpression among EADC cases (n = 54) were calculated using logistic regression with dietary folate and vitamin B(6) intake as predictive variables, adjusting for age, gender, smoking, and alcohol consumption. No significant differences were found for patients with EADC who had p53 mutations (n = 21) compared with patients with wild-type p53 (n = 33) with respect to selected clinicopathologic variables (age, gender, tumor grade, stage, alcohol, or tobacco consumption) and dietary intake of folate or vitamin B(6). No statistically significant associations were seen between dietary folate and vitamin B(6) intake (highest vs. lowest quartiles) and p53 mutations, p53 mutations at CpG sites (n = 12), and p53 protein overexpression (n = 17). We conclude that dietary intake of folate and vitamin B(6) do not appear to have an effect on p53, suggesting alternative molecular mechanisms underlying esophageal adenocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Balbuena
- Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Feng XX, Duan PF, Wang LB, Lu ZX. Polymorphisms of XPC gene and susceptibility of esophageal cancer. Chin J Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11670-010-0049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Ma WJ, Lv GD, Zheng ST, Huang CG, Liu Q, Wang X, Lin RY, Sheyhidin I, Lu XM. DNA polymorphism and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a population of North Xinjiang, China. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:641-7. [PMID: 20128036 PMCID: PMC2816280 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i5.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of metabolic enzyme and DNA repair genes in susceptibility of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
METHODS: A case-control study was designed with 454 samples from 128 ESCC patients and 326 gender, age and ethnicity-matched control subjects. Genotypes of 69 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of metabolic enzyme (aldehyde dehydrogenase-2, ALDH2; alcohol dehydrogenase-1 B, ADHB1; Cytochrome P450 2A6, CYP2A6) and DNA repair capacity genes (excision repair cross complementing group 1, ERCC1; O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase, MGMT; xeroderma pigmentosum group A, XPA; xeroderma pigmentosum group A, XPD) were determined by the Sequenom MassARRAY system, and results were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, gender.
RESULTS: There was no association between the variation in the ERCC1, XPA, ADHB1 genes and ESCC risk. Increased risk of ESCC was suggested in ALDH2 for frequency of presence C allele of SNP [Rs886205: 1.626 (1.158-2.284)], XPD for C allele [Rs50872: 1.482 (1.058-2.074)], and MGMT for A allele [Rs11016897: 1.666 (1.245-2.228)]. Five variants of MGMT were associated with a protective effect on ESCC carcinogenesis, including C allele [Rs7069143: 0.698 (0.518-0.939)], C allele [Rs3793909: 0.653 (0.429-0.995)], A allele [Rs12771882: 0.719 (0.524-0.986)], C allele [Rs551491: 0.707 (0.529-0.945)], and A allele [Rs7071825: 0.618 (0.506-0.910)]. At the genotype level, increased risk of ESCC carcinogenesis was found in homozygous carriers of the ALDH2 Rs886205 [CC vs TT, odds ratios (OR): 3.116, 95% CI: 1.179-8.234], MGMT Rs11016879 (AA vs GG, OR: 3.112, 95% CI: 1.565-6.181), Rs12771882 (AA vs GG, OR: 2.442, 95% CI: 1.204-4.595), and heterozygotes carriers of the ALDH2 Rs886205 (CT vs TT, OR: 3.930, 95% CI: 1.470-10.504), MGMT Rs11016879 (AG vs GG, OR: 3.933, 95% CI: 2.216-6.982) and Rs7075748 (CT vs CC, OR: 1.949, 95% CI: 1.134-3.350), respectively. Three variants were associated with a protective effect on ESCC carcinogenesis, carriers of the MGMT Rs11016878 (AG vs AA, OR: 0.388, 95% CI: 0.180-0.836), Rs7069143(CT vs CC, OR: 0.478, 95% CI: 0.303-0.754) and Rs7071825 (GG vs AA, OR: 0.493, 95% CI: 0.266-0.915). Increased risk of ESCC metastasis was indicated in MGMT for frequency of presence C allele [Rs7068306: 2.204 (1.244-3.906)], A allele [Rs10734088: 1.968 (1.111-3.484)] and C allele [Rs4751115: 2.178 (1.251-3.791)]. Two variants in frequency of presence C allele of CYP2A6 [Rs8192720: 0.290 (0.099-0.855)] and A allele of MGMT [Rs2053139: 0.511 (0.289-0.903)] were associated with a protective effect on ESCC progression. Increased risk of ESCC metastasis was found in heterozygote carriers of the MGMT Rs7068306 (CG vs CC, OR: 4.706, 95% CI: 1.872-11.833).
CONCLUSION: Polymorphic variation in ALDH2, XPD and MGMT genes may be of importance for ESCC susceptibility. Polymorphic variation in CYP2A6 and MGMT are associated with ESCC metastasis.
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Reid BJ, Li X, Galipeau PC, Vaughan TL. Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: time for a new synthesis. Nat Rev Cancer 2010; 10:87-101. [PMID: 20094044 PMCID: PMC2879265 DOI: 10.1038/nrc2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The public health importance of Barrett's oesophagus lies in its association with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma has risen at an alarming rate over the past four decades in many regions of the Western world, and there are indications that the incidence of this disease is on the rise in Asian populations in which it has been rare. Much has been learned of host and environmental risk factors that affect the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, and data indicate that patients with Barrett's oesophagus rarely develop oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Given that 95% of oesophageal adenocarcinomas arise in individuals without a prior diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus, what strategies can be used to reduce late diagnosis of oesophageal adenocarcinoma?
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Reid
- Divisions of Public Health Sciences and Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, 98109 Seattle, USA.
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38
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Kadioglu E, Sardas S, Ergun M, Unal S, Karakaya AE. The role of oxidative DNA damage, DNA repair, GSTM1, SOD2 and OGG1 polymorphisms in individual susceptibility to Barrett’s esophagus. Toxicol Ind Health 2010; 26:67-79. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233709359278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the genetic alterations, which play a role in the etiology of Barrett’s esophagus (BE), could help identify high-risk individuals for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of oxidative DNA damage, glutathione (GSH) concentration as oxidative stress parameters and DNA repair capacity, GSTM1, SOD1 Ala16Val and OGG1 Ser326Cys genetic polymorphisms as individual susceptibility parameters in the etiology of BE. The study groups comprised BE patients who were clinically diagnosed (n = 40) and a healthy control group (n = 40). Basal DNA damage, pyrimidine and purine base damage after H2O2 induction, H 2O2 sensitivity, DNA repair capacity, oxidized pyrimidine and purine base damage repair were evaluated in peripheral blood lymphocytes with a modified comet assay using specific endonucleases (Endo III and Fpg). Polymerase chain reaction—restriction length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)-based assays were used for genotyping. The patient group showed elevated levels of basal DNA damage, pyrimidine base damage and H2O2 sensitivity as compared to controls (p < .05). DNA repair capacity, oxidized pyrimidine and purine base damage repair capacity, were not statistically different between patients and controls. GSH concentration was found to be significantly lower in smoking patients than in the controls (p < .05). None of the genetic variations changed the risk of having BE disease. However, patients carrying the variant OGG1 Cys allele showed elevated levels of pyrimidine base damage as compared to patients carrying the wild-type OGG1 Ser (p < .05). The results of this study point to a role of oxidative DNA damage in BE. However, DNA repair capacity, GSTM1, SOD1 Ala16Val and OGG1 Ser326Cys genetic polymorphisms appeared to play no role in the individual susceptibility to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Kadioglu
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey,
| | - Semra Sardas
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meltem Ergun
- Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selahattin Unal
- Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Esat Karakaya
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
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XPC gene variants: a risk factor for recurrence of urothelial bladder carcinoma in patients on BCG immunotherapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2009; 136:779-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-009-0717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Association of XPD/ERCC2 G 23591 A and A 35931 C polymorphisms with skin lesion prevalence in a multiethnic, arseniasis-hyperendemic village exposed to indoor combustion of high arsenic coal. Arch Toxicol 2009; 84:17-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-009-0474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Balbuena L, Casson AG. Physical activity, obesity and risk for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Future Oncol 2009; 5:1051-63. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.09.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades, an increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC) has been reported throughout North America and Europe at a rate exceeding that of any other human solid tumor. Recent studies have clearly implicated chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and several lifestyle risk factors, including tobacco consumption, diet and obesity, to be associated with increased risk of EADC. Although physical inactivity is now recognized as a risk factor for several chronic diseases including cancer, only a very limited number of studies have specifically evaluated the association between physical activity and esophageal malignancy. Furthermore, the precise biological mechanisms underlying the association between physical activity, obesity and cancer risk remain unclear. Since successful promotion of healthy body weight and exercise may substantially reduce the future incidence of cancer in the population, the purpose of this review is to explore current evidence linking physical activity, obesity and risk of malignancy – specifically EADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Balbuena
- Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, 103 Hospital Drive, Suite 2646, Saskatoon SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Alan G Casson
- Professor and Head, Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, 103 Hospital Drive, Suite 2646, Saskatoon SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
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El-Zein R, Monroy CM, Etzel CJ, Cortes AC, Xing Y, Collier AL, Strom SS. Genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes as modulators of Hodgkin disease risk. Cancer 2009; 115:1651-9. [PMID: 19280628 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the pathogenesis of Hodgkin disease (HD) remains unknown, the results of epidemiologic studies suggest that heritable factors are important in terms of susceptibility. Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may contribute to individual susceptibility for development of different cancers. However, to the authors' knowledge, few studies to date have investigated the role of such polymorphisms as risk factors for development of HD. METHODS The authors evaluated the relation between polymorphisms in 3 nucleotide excision repair pathway genes (XPD [Lys751Gln], XPC [Lys939Gln], and XPG [Asp1104His]), the base excision repair XRCC1 (Arg399Gln), and double-strand break repair XRCC3 (Thr241Met) in a population of 200 HD cases and 220 matched controls. Variants were investigated independently and in combination; odd ratios (OR) were calculated. RESULTS A positive association was found for XRCC1 gene polymorphism Arg399Gln (OR, 1.77; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.16-2.71) and risk of HD. The combined analysis demonstrated that XRCC1/XRCC3 and XRCC1/XPC polymorphisms were associated with a significant increase in HD risk. XRCC1 Arg/Arg and XRCC3 Thr/Met genotypes combined were associated with an OR of 2.38 (95% CI, 1.24-4.55). The XRCC1 Arg/Gln and XRCC3 Thr/Thr, Thr/Met, and Met/Met genotypes had ORs of 1.88 (95% CI, 1.02-4.10), 1.97 (95% CI, 1.05-3.73), and 4.13 (95% CI, 1.50-11.33), respectively. XRCC1 Gln/Gln and XRCC3 Thr/Thr variant led to a significant increase in risk, with ORs of 3.00 (95% CI, 1.15-7.80). Similarly, XRCC1 Arg/Gln together with XPC Lys/Lys was found to significantly increase the risk of HD (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.09-4.23). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may modify the risk of HD, especially when interactions between the pathways are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa El-Zein
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-1439, USA.
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MacDonald K, Porter GA, Guernsey DL, Zhao R, Casson AG. A polymorphic variant of the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor gene modifies risk of obesity for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol 2009; 33:37-40. [PMID: 19679045 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2009.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2009] [Revised: 04/09/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate potential biologic mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and risk for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC), we studied the frequency of a common polymorphism of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) gene in patients with either gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), premalignant Barrett esophagus (BE) and or invasive EADC. METHODS Using a well characterized series of 431 individuals enrolled in a case-control study, we studied the frequency of the IGF-IR gene polymorphism, G1013A. RESULTS On multivariate analysis controlling for age and gender, in comparison to asymptomatic controls, obese individuals with the polymorphic A-variant (G/A, A/A) were found to have significantly increased risk for EADC (OR 4.81; 95%CI 1.09-21.15), whereas obese individuals with the G/G variant were not at statistically significant increased risk (OR 2.69; 95%CI 0.41-17.62). Similarly, compared to asymptomatic controls, only obese individuals with the A-variant (G/A, A/A) were at increased risk for BE (OR 3.11; 95%CI 1.12-8.63), while obese individuals with the G/G variant were not at increased risk for BE (OR 2.91; 95%CI 0.69-12.15). CONCLUSION We conclude that the common IGF-IR gene polymorphism G1013A modulates the risk of obesity for EADC, an effect most likely mediated by altered the receptor function by influencing gene transcription or mRNA stability. These findings further implicate the insulin-like growth factor axis in the molecular pathogenesis of EADC, and represent a plausible mechanistic link underlying the association between obesity and malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley MacDonald
- Department of Pathology (Division of Molecular Pathology and Molecular Genetics), Dalhousie University, NS, Canada
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di Pietro M, Fitzgerald RC. Barrett’s oesophagus: an ideal model to study cancer genetics. Hum Genet 2009; 126:233-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-009-0665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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45
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XRCC1 gene polymorphisms and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in Chinese population: A meta-analysis of case-control studies. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:1102-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
Investigations into inherited genetic variations in the DNA code (known as polymorphisms) in the field of oncology have provided preliminary support for an association with cancer risks and outcomes. Early studies have highlighted several genes with this potential predictive and prognostic power. However, these studies have had methodological limitations and have produced inconsistent results, making impractical as yet the routine evaluation of such genetic polymorphisms in general clinical practice. Continued research in this area is essential if we are to be able to soon use genetic polymorphisms to better select patients for targeted anticancer interventions. This review discusses the role of genetic polymorphisms and their association with esophageal cancer risk and prognosis. The article also highlights future directions in this new, emerging field of molecular epidemiology.
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Quaroni L, Casson AG. Characterization of Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma by Fourier-transform infrared microscopy. Analyst 2009; 134:1240-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b823071d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Tse D, Zhai R, Zhou W, Heist RS, Asomaning K, Su L, Lynch TJ, Wain JC, Christiani DC, Liu G. Polymorphisms of the NER pathway genes, ERCC1 and XPD are associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma risk. Cancer Causes Control 2008; 19:1077-83. [PMID: 18478337 PMCID: PMC3106102 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-008-9171-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Functional variation in DNA repair capacity through single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of key repair genes is associated with a higher risk of developing various types of cancer. Studies have focused on the nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) pathways. We investigated whether variant alleles in seven SNPs within these pathways increased the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS DNA was extracted from prospectively collected blood specimens. The samples were genotyped for SNPs in NER genes (XPD Lys751Gln, XPD Asp312Asn, ERCC1 8092C/A, and ERCC1 118C/T), and BER genes (XRCC1 Arg399Gln, APE1 Asp148Glu, and hOGG1 Ser326Cys). The presence of variant alleles was correlated with risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma both individually and jointly. RESULTS Variant alleles in NER SNPs XPD Lys751Gln (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.1-2.0), ERCC1 8092 C/A (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.1-1.9), and ERCC1 118C/T (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.0-1.9) were individually associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma risk. An increasing number of variant alleles in NER SNPs showed a significant trend with esophageal adenocarcinoma risk (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS The presence of variant alleles in NER genes increases risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. There is evidence of an additive role for SNPs along a common DNA repair pathway. Future larger studies of esophageal adenocarcinoma etiology should evaluate entire biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Tse
- Department of Applied Molecular Oncology, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rihong Zhai
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca S. Heist
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kofi Asomaning
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J. Lynch
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John C. Wain
- Toronto Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David C. Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Department of Applied Molecular Oncology, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital/Ontario Cancer Institute, 610 University Ave, Suite 7-124, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M9
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49
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Associations between XPC polymorphisms and risk of cancers: A meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer 2008; 44:2241-53. [PMID: 18771913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several polymorphisms (Lys(939)Gln, PAT+/- and Ala(499)Val) in the DNA nuclear excision repair gene xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) are thought to have significant effects on cancer risk. In this meta-analysis, we assessed reported studies of associations between three XPC polymorphisms and risk of cancers from 16 studies with 6797 cases and 9018 controls for Lys(939)Gln, from 11 studies with 5581 cases and 6351 controls for Ala(499)Val and from 16 studies with 4514 cases and 5538 controls for PAT+/-. We found an increased overall cancer risk for variant homozygotes of Lys(939)Gln (OR=1.16, 95% CI, 1.05-1.28) and Ala(499)Val (OR=1.24, 95% CI, 1.08-1.42) compared with their corresponding wild-type homozygotes. When stratified by cancer type, the variant (939)Gln homozygous genotype was a risk factor for lung cancer (OR=1.28, 95% CI, 1.07-1.53), whereas the (499)Val variant homozygous genotype was a risk factor for bladder cancer (OR=1.33, 95% CI, 1.06-1.68) compared with their corresponding wild-type homozygous genotypes. For the XPC-PAT polymorphism, we found a decreased cancer risk associated with the PAT+/- genotype only in Asians compared with the PAT-/- genotype. Five studies were pooled for stratification analysis to explore the gene-smoking interaction. There was a joint effect of PAT +/+ and smoking in cancer risk. These analyses suggest that XPC Lys(939)Gln, PAT+/- and Ala(499)Val likely contribute to susceptibility to cancers. However, single larger studies with subjects of the same ethnic background and tissue-specific biochemical and biological characterisation are warranted to validate these findings.
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50
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Hopkins J, Cescon DW, Tse D, Bradbury P, Xu W, Ma C, Wheatley-Price P, Waldron J, Goldstein D, Meyer F, Bairati I, Liu G. Genetic polymorphisms and head and neck cancer outcomes: a review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 17:490-9. [PMID: 18349267 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients have variable prognoses even within the same clinical stage and while receiving similar treatments. The number of studies of genetic polymorphisms as prognostic factors of HNC outcomes is growing. Candidate polymorphisms have been evaluated in DNA repair, cell cycle, xenobiotic metabolism, and growth factor pathways. Polymorphisms of XRCC1, FGFR, and CCND1 have been consistently associated with HNC survival in at least two studies, whereas most of the other polymorphisms have either conflicting data or were from single studies. Heterogeneity and lack of description of patient populations and lack of accounting for multiple comparisons were common problems in a significant proportion of studies. Despite a large number of exploratory studies, large replication studies in well-characterized HNC populations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hopkins
- Community Medicine Residency Program and Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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