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de Souza BF, Viana Filho JMC, de Queiroz Neto JN, Coêlho MDC, Valença AMG, Persuhn DC, de Oliveira NFP. DNA Methyltransferase Genes Are Associated with Oral Mucositis and Creatinine Levels in Oncopediatric Patients. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1136. [PMID: 37372315 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the DNA methylation profiles of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) gene family with oral mucositis in children and adolescents with hematologic malignancies treated with methotrexate (MTX®). The population was comprised of healthy and oncopediatric patients aged between 4 and 19 years. An evaluation of oral conditions was performed using the Oral Assessment Guide. Demographic, clinical, hematological, and biochemical data were obtained from medical records. Genomic DNA extracted from oral mucosal cells was used for the analysis of polymorphisms in DNMT1 (rs2228611), DNMT3A (rs7590760), and DNMT3B (rs6087990) using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique (n = 102) and for DNA methylation using the methylation-specific PCR (MSP) technique (n = 85). The allele and genotypic frequencies of SNPs did not reveal any differences between patients with or without oral mucositis. An increase in the methylation frequency for DNMT1 in patients recovered from mucositis was detected. The DNMT3A methylated profile associated with the CC genotype (SNP rs7590760) appeared to be connected to higher values of creatinine. In addition, the DNMT3B unmethylated profile associated with the CC genotype (SNP rs6087990) appeared to be connected with higher values of creatinine. We conclude that the DNMT1 methylation profile is associated with the post-mucositis period and that the genetic and epigenetic profiles of DNMT3A and DNMT3B are associated with creatinine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernandes de Souza
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - José Maria Chagas Viana Filho
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - José Nunes de Queiroz Neto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Marina de Castro Coêlho
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Gondim Valença
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Darlene Camati Persuhn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Naila Francis Paulo de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
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Crosstalk between Environmental Inflammatory Stimuli and Non-Coding RNA in Cancer Occurrence and Development. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174436. [PMID: 34503246 PMCID: PMC8430834 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Increasing evidence has indicated that chronic inflammatory processes have an influence on tumor occurrence and all stages of tumor development. A dramatic increase of studies into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) biology has shown that ncRNAs act as oncogenic drivers and tumor suppressors in various inflammation-induced cancers. Thus, this complex network of inflammation-associated cancers and ncRNAs offers targets for prevention from the malignant transformation from inflammation and treatment of malignant diseases. Abstract There is a clear relationship between inflammatory response and different stages of tumor development. Common inflammation-related carcinogens include viruses, bacteria, and environmental mutagens, such as air pollutants, toxic metals, and ultraviolet light. The expression pattern of ncRNA changes in a variety of disease conditions, including inflammation and cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have a causative role in enhancing inflammatory stimulation and evading immune responses, which are particularly important in persistent pathogen infection and inflammation-to-cancer transformation. In this review, we investigated the mechanism of ncRNA expression imbalance in inflammation-related cancers. A better understanding of the function of inflammation-associated ncRNAs may help to reveal the potential of ncRNAs as a new therapeutic strategy.
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Ahmed AAM, Azova MM, Ramazanova FU, Gigani OB. DNMT1 and DNMT3A Gene Polymorphisms and Early Pregnancy Loss. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420030023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lei L, Lin H, Zhong S, Zhang Z, Chen J, Yu X, Liu X, Zhang C, Nie Z, Zhuang J. DNA methyltransferase 1 rs16999593 genetic polymorphism decreases risk in patients with transposition of great arteries. Gene 2017; 615:50-56. [PMID: 28323001 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is the most frequent cyanotic heart defect diagnosed in neonates. However, the exact etiology of TGA is unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the association of TGA pathogenesis with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs)-1 and 3a- in Chinese children. We genotyped 5 SNPs (rs16999593, rs16999358, and rs2228611 in DNMT1; and rs2276599 and rs2276598 in DNMT3A) in 206 patients with complete TGA and 252 healthy children. Statistical analysis was performed to explore the association of the 5 SNPs with complete TGA susceptibility. Compared with the T/T and C/C genotypes, the heterozygous genotype C/T of rs16999593 correlated with a decreased risk for complete TGA under codominant (OR=0.46; 95% CI=0.29-0.72), dominant (OR=0.58; 95% CI=0.38-0.88), and overdominant (OR=0.44; 95% CI=0.28-0.68) models. In contrast, the genotype C/C of rs16999593 correlated with a higher risk for TGA under a recessive model (OR=3.15; 95% CI=1.14-8.68) compared with the T/T and C/T genotypes. Furthermore, the TGC, TGT, CGC, and CGT haplotypes of DNMT1 did not differ significantly between the two groups, whereas the frequency of the TAC haplotype was lower in the case group (OR<1; P=0.002). No significant differences in the frequencies of the TC, CC, TT, and CT haplotypes of DNMT3A were found between the two groups. Furthermore, logistic regression showed that sex and the rs16999358 SNP were two independent risk factors for complete TGA. Overall, the C/T genotype of the rs16999593 SNP in DNMT1 might decrease the risk of complete TGA pathogenesis in the Southern Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haoming Lin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shilong Zhong
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jimei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiyong Yu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhiqiang Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Gene promoter methylation and DNA repair capacity in monozygotic twins with discordant smoking habits. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2015; 779:57-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Momi N, Kaur S, Rachagani S, Ganti AK, Batra SK. Smoking and microRNA dysregulation: a cancerous combination. Trends Mol Med 2013; 20:36-47. [PMID: 24238736 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional gene regulators that are differentially expressed in several pathophysiological conditions including cancer. They impact the disease course by modulating an array of putative target gene(s). Interestingly, there is a strong correlation between the various miRNAs target(s) and the smoking-regulated genes in cancer. This review article provides an insight into the current status of smoking-induced miRNAs and their genetic/epigenetic regulation in smoking-associated cancers, with a major focus on lung cancer (LC). Furthermore, it discusses the role of miRNAs in smoking-mediated oncogenic events in cancer and explores the diagnostic/prognostic potential of miRNA-based biomarkers and their efficacy as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Momi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Apar K Ganti
- Department of Medicine, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA; Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Allione A, Guarrera S, Russo A, Ricceri F, Purohit R, Pagnani A, Rosa F, Polidoro S, Voglino F, Matullo G. Inter-individual variation in nucleotide excision repair pathway is modulated by non-synonymous polymorphisms in ERCC4 and MBD4 genes. Mutat Res 2013; 751-752:49-54. [PMID: 24004570 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inter-individual differences in DNA repair capacity (DRC) may lead to genome instability and, consequently, modulate individual cancer risk. Among the different DNA repair pathways, nucleotide excision repair (NER) is one of the most versatile, as it can eliminate a wide range of helix-distorting DNA lesions caused by ultraviolet light irradiation and chemical mutagens. We performed a genotype-phenotype correlation study in 122 healthy subjects in order to assess if any associations exist between phenotypic profiles of NER and DNA repair gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Individuals were genotyped for 768 SNPs with a custom Illumina Golden Gate Assay, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of the same subjects were tested for a NER comet assay to measure DRC after challenging cells by benzo(a)pyrene diolepoxide (BPDE). We observed a large inter-individual variability of NER capacity, with women showing a statistically significant lower DRC (mean ± SD: 6.68 ± 4.76; p = 0.004) than men (mean ± SD: 8.89 ± 5.20). Moreover, DRC was significantly lower in individuals carrying a variant allele for the ERCC4 rs1800124 non-synonymous SNP (nsSNP) (p = 0.006) and significantly higher in subjects with the variant allele of MBD4 rs2005618 SNP (p = 0.008), in linkage disequilibrium (r(2) = 0.908) with rs10342 nsSNP. Traditional in silico docking approaches on protein-DNA and protein-protein interaction showed that Gly875 variant in ERCC4 (rs1800124) decreases the DNA-protein interaction and that Ser273 and Thr273 variants in MBD4 (rs10342) indicate complete loss of protein-DNA interactions. Our results showed that NER inter-individual capacity can be modulated by cross-talk activity involving nsSNPs in ERCC4 and MBD4 genes, and they suggested to better investigate SNP effect on cancer risk and response to chemo- and radiotherapies.
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Coppedè F, Bosco P, Tannorella P, Romano C, Antonucci I, Stuppia L, Romano C, Migliore L. DNMT3B promoter polymorphisms and maternal risk of birth of a child with Down syndrome. Hum Reprod 2013; 28:545-50. [PMID: 23081874 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are DNMT3B promoter polymorphisms among maternal risk factors for the birth of a child with Down syndrome (DS)? SUMMARY ANSWER Present results suggest that combinations of functional DNMT3B promoter polymorphisms might modulate maternal risk of birth of a child with DS. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The DNMT3B gene codes for DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b), a protein required for genome-wide de novo methylation, for the establishment of DNA methylation patterns during development and for regulating the histone code and DNA methylation at centromeric regions. Two common functional DNMT3B promoter polymorphisms, namely -149 C > T (rs2424913) and -579 G > T (rs1569686), have been extensively investigated in cancer genetic association studies but less is known about their role in non-cancer diseases. Early in 1999, it was supposed that impaired DNA methylation of pericentromeric regions might represent a maternal risk factor for having a baby with DS. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE AND DURATION We aimed to investigate DNMT3B -149 C > T and -579 G > T polymorphisms as maternal risk factors for the birth of a child with DS. The study was performed on DNA samples from 172 mothers of DS individuals (135 aged <35 years when they conceived) and 157 age-matched mothers of unaffected individuals. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING AND METHODS Genotyping was performed by means of the PCR-RFLP technique. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The DNMT3B -579T allele [odds ratio (OR) = 0.68; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.48-0.94, P = 0.02], the DNMT3B -579 GT genotype (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.35-0.87 , P = 0.01) and the combined DNMT3B -579 GT + TT genotype (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.36-0.86 , P = 0.008) were associated with reduced risk of birth of a child with DS. A joint effect of the two polymorphisms was observed and the combined -579 GT/-149 CC genotype resulted in decreased DS risk (OR = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.08-0.64, P = 0.003). The effect remained statistically significant after Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons. Similar results were obtained when the analysis was restricted to women who conceived a DS child before 35 years of age. LIMITATIONS AND REASONS FOR CAUTION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genetic association study aimed at evaluating DNMT3B polymorphisms as maternal risk factors for DS. Replication of the findings in other populations is required. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS If confirmed in subsequent studies, DNMT3B promoter polymorphisms might be additional markers to be taken into account when evaluating the contribution of one-carbon (folate) metabolism to the maternal risk of birth of a child with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital (AOUP), Via S. Giuseppe 22, Pisa 56126, Italy.
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The Intersection of Genetics and Epigenetics: Reactivation of Mammalian LINE-1 Retrotransposons by Environmental Injury. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENOMICS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23380-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Jiang J, Jia Z, Cao D, Jin MS, Kong F, Suo J, Cao X. Polymorphisms of the DNA methyltransferase 1 associated with reduced risks of Helicobacter pylori infection and increased risks of gastric atrophy. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46058. [PMID: 23049933 PMCID: PMC3457938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA methyltransferase-1(DNMT1) is an important enzyme in determining genomic methylation patterns in mammalian cells. We investigated the associations between SNPs in the DNMT1 gene and risks of developing H. pylori seropositivity, gastric atrophy and gastric cancer in the Chinese population. METHODS The study consisted of 447 patients with gastric cancer; 111 patients with gastric atrophy; and 961 healthy controls. Five SNPs, rs10420321, rs16999593, rs8101866, rs8111085 and rs2288349 of the DNMT1 gene were genotyped. Anti-H.pylori IgG was detected by ELISA. Gastric atrophy was screened by the level of serum pepsinogen Ι and II and then confirmed by endoscopy and histopatholgical examinations. RESULTS The age- and sex-adjusted OR of H. pylori seropositivity was 0.67 (95%CI: 0.51-0.87) for rs8111085 TC/CC genotypes, significantly lower than the TT genotype in healthy controls. The adjusted OR of H.pylori seropositivity was 0.68 (95%CI: 0.52-0.89) for rs10420321 AG/GG genotypes. In addition, patients carrying rs2228349 AA genotype have a significantly increased risk for H.pylori seropositivity (OR=1.67; 95%CI: 1.02-2.75). Further haplotype analyses also showed that the ATTTG and ATCTA are significantly associated with increased risks in H.pylori infection compared to the GTCCG haplotype (OR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.08-1.77; OR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.09-1.80). The adjusted ORs of gastric atrophy were 1.66 (95%CI: 1.06-2.61) for rs10420321 GG genotype, and 1.67 (95%CI 1.06-2.63, P=0.03) for rs8111085 CC genotype, but no association was found between SNPs in the DNMT1 gene and risk of developing gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with rs10420321 GG and rs8111085 CC genotype of the DNMT1 gene were associated with reduced risks for H.pylori infection. On the other hand, higher risks of gastric atrophy were found in the carriers with these two genotypes compared to other genotypes. Our results suggested that SNPs of DNMT1 could be used as genotypic markers for predicting genetic susceptibilities to H.pylori infection and risks in gastric atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Zhifang Jia
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Donghui Cao
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Mei-Shan Jin
- Division of Pathology, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Kong
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Suo
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyuan Cao
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
- * E-mail:
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Abdel-Rahman SZ, El-Zein RA. Evaluating the effects of genetic variants of DNA repair genes using cytogenetic mutagen sensitivity approaches. Biomarkers 2011; 16:393-404. [PMID: 21595606 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2011.577237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mutagen sensitivity, measured in short-term cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes by cytogenetic endpoints, is an indirect measure for DNA repair capacity and has been used for many years as a biomarker for intrinsic susceptibility for cancer. In this article, we briefly give an overview of the different cytogenetic mutagen sensitivity approaches that have been used successfully to evaluate the biological effects of polymorphisms in DNA repair genes based on a current review of the literature and based on the need for biomarkers that would allow the characterization of the biological and functional significance of such polymorphisms. We also address some of the future challenges facing this emerging area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Z Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555-1062, USA.
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Xiang G, Zhenkun F, Shuang C, Jie Z, Hua Z, Wei J, Da P, Dianjun L. Association of DNMT1 Gene Polymorphisms in Exons With Sporadic Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinoma Among Chinese Han Women in the Heilongjiang Province. Clin Breast Cancer 2010; 10:373-7. [DOI: 10.3816/cbc.2010.n.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Alexandrov K, Rojas M, Satarug S. The critical DNA damage by benzo(a)pyrene in lung tissues of smokers and approaches to preventing its formation. Toxicol Lett 2010; 198:63-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Engström KS, Vahter M, Lindh C, Teichert F, Singh R, Concha G, Nermell B, Farmer PB, Strömberg U, Broberg K. Low 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine levels and influence of genetic background in an Andean population exposed to high levels of arsenic. Mutat Res 2010; 683:98-105. [PMID: 19896490 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) causes oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a sensitive marker of oxidative DNA damage, has been associated with As exposure in some studies, but not in others, possibly due to population-specific genetic factors. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between As and 8-oxodG in urine in a population with a low urinary monomethylated As (%MMA) and high dimethylated As (%DMA), as well as the genetic impact on (a) 8-oxodG concentrations and (b) the association between As and 8-oxodG. MATERIALS AND METHODS Women (N=108) in the Argentinean Andes were interviewed and urine was analyzed for arsenic metabolites (ICPMS) and 8-oxodG (LC-MS/MS). Twenty-seven polymorphisms in genes related to oxidative stress and one in As(+III)methyltransferase (AS3MT) were studied. RESULTS Median concentration of 8-oxodG was 4.7 nmol/L (adjusted for specific weight; range 1.6-13, corresponding to 1.7 microg/g creatinine, range 0.57-4.8) and of total urinary As metabolites (U-As) 290 microg/L (range 94-720; 380 microg/g creatinine, range 140-1100). Concentrations of 8-oxodG were positively associated with %MMA (strongest association, p=0.013), and weakly associated with U-As (positively) and %DMA (negatively). These associations were strengthened when taking ethnicity into account, possibly reflecting genetic differences in As metabolism and genes regulating oxidative stress and DNA maintenance. A genetic influence on 8-oxodG concentrations was seen for polymorphisms in apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1), DNA-methyltransferases 1 and 3b (DNMT1, DNMT3B), thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) and 2 (TXNRD2) and glutaredoxin (GLRX). CONCLUSION Despite high As exposure, the concentrations of 8-oxodG in this population were low compared with other As-exposed populations studied. The strongest association was found for %MMA, stressing that some inconsistencies between As and 8-oxodG partly depend on population variations in As metabolism. We found evidence of genetic impact on 8-oxodG concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin S Engström
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Mazin AL. Suicidal function of DNA methylation in age-related genome disintegration. Ageing Res Rev 2009; 8:314-27. [PMID: 19464391 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This article is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of 5-methylcytosine discovery in DNA. Cytosine methylation can affect genetic and epigenetic processes, works as a part of the genome-defense system and has mutagenic activity; however, the biological functions of this enzymatic modification are not well understood. This review will put forward the hypothesis that the host-defense role of DNA methylation in silencing and mutational destroying of retroviruses and other intragenomic parasites was extended during evolution to most host genes that have to be inactivated in differentiated somatic cells, where it acquired a new function in age-related self-destruction of the genome. The proposed model considers DNA methylation as the generator of 5mC>T transitions that induce 40-70% of all spontaneous somatic mutations of the multiple classes at CpG and CpNpG sites and flanking nucleotides in the p53, FIX, hprt, gpt human genes and some transgenes. The accumulation of 5mC-dependent mutations explains: global changes in the structure of the vertebrate genome throughout evolution; the loss of most 5mC from the DNA of various species over their lifespan and the Hayflick limit of normal cells; the polymorphism of methylation sites, including asymmetric mCpNpN sites; cyclical changes of methylation and demethylation in genes. The suicidal function of methylation may be a special genetic mechanism for increasing DNA damage and the programmed genome disintegration responsible for cell apoptosis and organism aging and death.
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Cheng J, Leng S, Li H, Huang C, Niu Y, Zhang L, Liang X, Lin H, Zheng Y. Suboptimal DNA repair capacity predisposes coke-oven workers to accumulate more chromosomal damages in peripheral lymphocytes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:987-93. [PMID: 19240242 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair is an essential mechanism for cells to maintain their genomic integrity under endogenous or exogenous assault. Reduced DNA repair capacity (DRC) is associated with increased risk for several environmentally related cancers. The micronucleus in peripheral lymphocytes has been validated as a biomarker of chromosomal damage, increasing cancer risk in human populations. We hypothesized that suboptimal DRC is associated with the increase in chromosomal damage among 94 coke-oven workers and 64 noncoke-oven controls. DRC was evaluated in isolated lymphocytes by comet assay. Chromosomal damage in peripheral lymphocytes was detected by cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Four common coding single nucleotide polymorphisms in the XRCC1 gene were genotyped. Coke-oven workers have significantly increased urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (9.0; 6.8-11.7 microg/L versus 1.5, 1.3-1.7 microg/L; P<0.01) and micronucleus frequency (7.4 per thousand+/-4.3 per thousand versus 3.0 per thousand+/-3.0 per thousand; P<0.01), and decreased DRC (55.9%+/-16.4% versus 63.6%+/-18.5%; P<0.01) compared with controls. Significant correlations between DRC and micronucleus frequency were found in coke-oven workers (r=-0.32; P<0.01; n = 94) and all study subjects (r=-0.32; P<0.001; n=158) but not in controls (r=-0.21; P=0.11; n=64). Variants of the Arg399Gln polymorphism were associated with a decreased DRC in both coke-oven workers (51.6%+/-16.1% versus 60.6%+/-15.7%; P<0.01) and controls (59.1%+/-18.5% versus 68.4%+/-17.5%; P=0.04). The complicated interrelationship of these multiple biomarkers was also identified by path analysis. These findings should facilitate developing a biomarker-based risk assessment model for lung cancer in this occupational population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cheng
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China
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