1
|
Cataisson C, Lee AJ, Zhang AM, Mizes A, Korkmaz S, Carofino BL, Meyer TJ, Michalowski AM, Li L, Yuspa SH. RAS oncogene signal strength regulates matrisomal gene expression and tumorigenicity of mouse keratinocytes. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:1149-1161. [PMID: 36306264 PMCID: PMC10122430 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental and molecular carcinogenesis are linked by the discovery that chemical carcinogen induced-mutations in the Hras or Kras genes drives tumor development in mouse skin. Importantly, enhanced expression or allele amplification of the mutant Ras gene contributes to selection of initiated cells, tumor persistence, and progression. To explore the consequences of Ras oncogene signal strength, primary keratinocytes were isolated and cultured from the LSL-HrasG12D and LSL-KrasG12D C57BL/6J mouse models and the mutant allele was activated by adeno-Cre recombinase. Keratinocytes expressing one (H) or two (HH) mutant alleles of HrasG12D, one KrasG12D allele (K), or one of each (HK) were studied. All combinations of activated Ras alleles stimulated proliferation and drove transformation marker expression, but only HH and HK formed tumors. HH, HK, and K sustained long-term keratinocyte growth in vitro, while H and WT could not. RNA-Seq yielded two distinct gene expression profiles; HH, HK, and K formed one cluster while H clustered with WT. Weak MAPK activation was seen in H keratinocytes but treatment with a BRAF inhibitor enhanced MAPK signaling and facilitated tumor formation. K keratinocytes became tumorigenic when they were isolated from mice where the LSL-KrasG12D allele was backcrossed from the C57BL/6 onto the FVB/N background. All tumorigenic keratinocytes but not the non-tumorigenic precursors shared a common remodeling of matrisomal gene expression that is associated with tumor formation. Thus, RAS oncogene signal strength determines cell-autonomous changes in initiated cells that are critical for their tumor-forming potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Cataisson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alex J Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ashley M Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alicia Mizes
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Serena Korkmaz
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Brandi L Carofino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Luowei Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stuart H Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li M, Zhang H, Jiang D, Li L, Liu X, Zhao X, Ye D, Ni Y. Calculus-related functional protein expression in ureteral calculus-adhered polyp: A preliminary study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26512. [PMID: 34160472 PMCID: PMC8238274 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the expressions of calculus-related functional proteins in the ureteral calculus-adhered polyp tissues and investigate the role of these proteins in the formation of adhesions between the calculus and polyp.Patients with ureteral calculi and polyps who underwent ureteroscopic lithotripsy for the excision of polyps between January 2019 and June 2019 were enrolled. Polyps obtained from each patient were divided into 2 groups using a matched pairs design: observation group (polyps adhered to calculus) and control group (polyps not adhered to calculus). Histopathological examination of polyps was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Polyp tissues were immunohistochemically stained to assess the expressions of calculus-related functional proteins, that is, annexin A1, calcium-binding protein S100A9 (S100A9), uromodulin, and osteopontin. Furthermore, quantitative analysis was performed using the H-score of tissue staining; Pearson correlation analysis was performed for proteins with high expression.Overall, 40 polyp specimens were collected from 20 patients with ureteral calculi combined with polyps (observation group, 20 specimens; control group, 20 specimens). Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed obvious epithelial cell proliferation in polyps of both groups; crystals were observed in the epithelial cells of the polyp tissue in the observation group. The expression levels of annexin A1 and S100A9 in the observation group were significantly greater than those in the control group (P < .05). However, no obvious expression of osteopontin or uromodulin was observed in the polyp tissues of both groups. There was a strong correlation between the increased expressions of annexin A1 and S100A9 in the observation group (R = 0.741, P = .022).We documented increased expressions of annexin A1 and S100A9 in the ureteral calculus-adhered polyp tissues. Annexin A1 and S100A9 may play an essential role in the adhesion of calculus and polyp and the growth of calculi.
Collapse
|
3
|
Cataisson C, Salcedo R, Michalowski AM, Klosterman M, Naik S, Li L, Pan MJ, Sweet A, Chen JQ, Kostecka LG, Karwan M, Smith L, Dai RM, Stewart CA, Lyakh L, Hsieh WT, Khan A, Yang H, Lee M, Trinchieri G, Yuspa SH. T-Cell Deletion of MyD88 Connects IL17 and IκBζ to RAS Oncogenesis. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1759-1773. [PMID: 31164412 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer development requires a favorable tissue microenvironment. By deleting Myd88 in keratinocytes or specific bone marrow subpopulations in oncogenic RAS-mediated skin carcinogenesis, we show that IL17 from infiltrating T cells and IκBζ signaling in keratinocytes are essential to produce a permissive microenvironment and tumor formation. Both normal and RAS-transformed keratinocytes respond to tumor promoters by activating canonical NF-κB and IκBζ signaling, releasing specific cytokines and chemokines that attract Th17 cells through MyD88-dependent signaling in T cells. The release of IL17 into the microenvironment elevates IκBζ in normal and RAS-transformed keratinocytes. Activation of IκBζ signaling is required for the expression of specific promoting factors induced by IL17 in normal keratinocytes and constitutively expressed in RAS-initiated keratinocytes. Deletion of Nfkbiz in keratinocytes impairs RAS-mediated benign tumor formation. Transcriptional profiling and gene set enrichment analysis of IκBζ-deficient RAS-initiated keratinocytes indicate that IκBζ signaling is common for RAS transformation of multiple epithelial cancers. Probing The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets using this transcriptional profile indicates that reduction of IκBζ signaling during cancer progression associates with poor prognosis in RAS-driven human cancers. IMPLICATIONS: The paradox that elevation of IκBζ and stimulation of IκBζ signaling through tumor extrinsic factors is required for RAS-mediated benign tumor formation while relative IκBζ expression is reduced in advanced cancers with poor prognosis implies that tumor cells switch from microenvironmental dependency early in carcinogenesis to cell-autonomous pathways during cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosalba Salcedo
- Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), NCI, Bethesda Maryland
| | | | - Mary Klosterman
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology and Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Luowei Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michelle J Pan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amalia Sweet
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jin-Qiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Megan Karwan
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | - Loretta Smith
- Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), NCI, Bethesda Maryland
| | - Ren-Ming Dai
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | | | - Lyudmila Lyakh
- Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), NCI, Bethesda Maryland.,Division of Allergy, Immunology & Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda Maryland
| | | | - Asra Khan
- Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), NCI, Bethesda Maryland
| | - Howard Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maxwell Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Stuart H Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lagunas AM, Francis M, Maniar NB, Nikolova G, Wu J, Crowe DL. Paracrine Interaction of Cancer Stem Cell Populations Is Regulated by the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1480-1492. [PMID: 31043491 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dyskeratosis congenita is a telomere DNA damage syndrome characterized by defective telomere maintenance, bone marrow failure, and increased head and neck cancer risk. The Pot1b-/-;Terc+/- mouse exhibits some features of dyskeratosis congenita, but head and neck cancer was not reported in this model. To model the head and neck cancer phenotype, we created unique Pot1b- and p53-null-mutant models which allow genetic lineage tracing of two distinct stem cell populations. Loss of Pot1b expression depleted stem cells via ATR/Chk1/p53 signaling. Tumorigenesis was inhibited in Pot1b-/-;p53+/+ mice due to cellular senescence. Pot1b-/-;p53-/- tumors also exhibited senescence, but proliferated and metastasized with expansion of Lgr6+ stem cells indicative of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Selective depletion of the small K15+ stem cell fraction resulted in reduction of Lgr6+ cells and inhibition of tumorigenesis via senescence. Gene expression studies revealed that K15+ cancer stem cells regulate Lgr6+ cancer stem cell expansion via chemokine signaling. Genetic ablation of the chemokine receptor Cxcr2 inhibited cancer stem cell expansion and tumorigenesis via senescence. The effects of chemokines were primarily mediated by PI3K signaling, which is a therapeutic target in head and neck cancer. IMPLICATIONS: Paracrine interactions of cancer stem cell populations impact therapeutic options and patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jianchun Wu
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David L Crowe
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hou GR, Zeng K, Lan HM, Wang Q. Juglanin ameliorates UVB‑induced skin carcinogenesis via anti‑inflammatory and proapoptotic effects in vivo and in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:41-52. [PMID: 29620254 PMCID: PMC5979868 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces skin injury, and is associated with the development and formation of melanoma, which is a highly lethal form of skin cancer. Juglanin is a natural product, which is predominantly extracted from Polygonum aviculare, and is considered a functional component among its various compounds. Juglanin has been reported to exert marked protective effects in various diseases via the inhibition of inflammation and tumor cell growth. The present study aimed to explore the effects of juglanin on human skin cancer induced by UV and to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism. In the present study, immunohistochemical analysis, western blot analysis, RT-qPCR analysis and flow cytometry assays were mainly used in vivo and/or in vitro. The results indicated that in mice, UVB exposure increased susceptibility to carcinogens, and accelerated disease pathogenesis. Conversely, juglanin was able to ameliorate this condition via inhibition of inflammation, suppression of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis via p38/c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) blockage, nuclear factor (NF)‑κB inactivation and caspase stimulation in vivo. In addition, in vitro, the present study demonstrated that treatment of UVB‑stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells with juglanin resulted in a dose‑dependent decrease in cell viability, as well as increased apoptosis via the upregulation of caspase expression and poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase cleavage. In addition, juglanin markedly attenuated p38/JNK signaling, inactivated the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/protein kinase B pathway and suppressed UVB‑induced NF‑κB activation. Taken together, these results indicated the possibility of applying juglanin in combination with UVB as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing skin cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Rong Hou
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Mei Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer Pathogenesis Overview. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6010006. [PMID: 29301290 PMCID: PMC5874663 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in humans. The process of skin carcinogenesis is still not fully understood. However, several studies have been conducted to better explain the mechanisms that lead to malignancy; (2) Methods: We reviewed the more recent literature about the pathogenesis of non-melanoma skin cancer focusing on basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis; (3) Results: Several papers reported genetic and molecular alterations leading to non-melanoma skin cancer. Plenty of risk factors are involved in non-melanoma skin cancer pathogenesis, including genetic and molecular alterations, immunosuppression, and ultraviolet radiation; (4) Conclusion: Although skin carcinogenesis is still not fully understood, several papers demonstrated that genetic and molecular alterations are involved in this process. In addition, plenty of non-melanoma skin cancer risk factors are now known, allowing for an effective prevention of non-melanoma skin cancer development. Compared to other papers on the same topic, our review focused on molecular and genetic factors and analyzed in detail several factors involved in non-melanoma skin cancer.
Collapse
|
7
|
Voiculescu V, Calenic B, Ghita M, Lupu M, Caruntu A, Moraru L, Voiculescu S, Ion A, Greabu M, Ishkitiev N, Caruntu C. From Normal Skin to Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Quest for Novel Biomarkers. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:4517492. [PMID: 27642215 PMCID: PMC5011506 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4517492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cells carcinoma (SCC) is the second most frequent of the keratinocyte-derived malignancies after basal cell carcinoma and is associated with a significant psychosocial and economic burden for both the patient himself and society. Reported risk factors for the malignant transformation of keratinocytes and development of SCC include ultraviolet light exposure, followed by chronic scarring and inflammation, exposure to chemical compounds (arsenic, insecticides, and pesticides), and immune-suppression. Despite various available treatment methods and recent advances in noninvasive or minimal invasive diagnostic techniques, the risk recurrence and metastasis are far from being negligible, even in patients with negative histological margins and lymph nodes. Analyzing normal, dysplastic, and malignant keratinocyte proteome holds special promise for novel biomarker discovery in SCC that could be used in the future for early detection, risk assessment, tumor monitoring, and development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Voiculescu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Calenic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Ghita
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Lupu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Moraru
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Suzana Voiculescu
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Ion
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nikolay Ishkitiev
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
NEAGU MONICA, CARUNTU CONSTANTIN, CONSTANTIN CAROLINA, BODA DANIEL, ZURAC SABINA, SPANDIDOS DEMETRIOSA, TSATSAKIS ARISTIDISM. Chemically induced skin carcinogenesis: Updates in experimental models (Review). Oncol Rep 2016; 35:2516-28. [PMID: 26986013 PMCID: PMC4811393 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting humans worldwide, and its incidence is rapidly increasing. The study of skin carcinogenesis is of major interest for both scientific research and clinical practice and the use of in vivo systems may facilitate the investigation of early alterations in the skin and of the mechanisms involved, and may also lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for skin cancer. This review outlines several aspects regarding the skin toxicity testing domain in mouse models of chemically induced skin carcinogenesis. There are important strain differences in view of the histological type, development and clinical evolution of the skin tumor, differences reported decades ago and confirmed by our hands‑on experience. Using mouse models in preclinical testing is important due to the fact that, at the molecular level, common mechanisms with human cutaneous tumorigenesis are depicted. These animal models resemble human skin cancer development, in that genetic changes caused by carcinogens and pro‑inflammatory cytokines, and simultaneous inflammation sustained by pro‑inflammatory cytokines and chemokines favor tumor progression. Drugs and environmental conditions can be tested using these animal models. keeping in mind the differences between human and rodent skin physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MONICA NEAGU
- 'Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest 050096, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 76201, Romania
| | - CONSTANTIN CARUNTU
- Department of Physiology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, 'Prof. N. Paulescu' National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest 79811, Romania
| | | | - DANIEL BODA
- Department of Dermatology, 'Prof. N. Paulescu' National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest 79811, Romania
| | - SABINA ZURAC
- Department of Pathology, 'Colentina' Clinical Hospital, Bucharest 72202, Romania
| | - DEMETRIOS A. SPANDIDOS
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - ARISTIDIS M. TSATSAKIS
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kelsey JS, Cataisson C, Chen J, Herrmann MA, Petersen ME, Baumann DO, McGowan KM, Yuspa SH, Keck GE, Blumberg PM. Biological activity of the bryostatin analog Merle 23 on mouse epidermal cells and mouse skin. Mol Carcinog 2016; 55:2183-2195. [PMID: 26859836 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bryostatin 1, a complex macrocyclic lactone, is the subject of multiple clinical trials for cancer chemotherapy. Although bryostatin 1 biochemically functions like the classic mouse skin tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to bind to and activate protein kinase C, paradoxically, it fails to induce many of the typical phorbol ester responses, including tumor promotion. Intense synthetic efforts are currently underway to develop simplified bryostatin analogs that preserve the critical functional features of bryostatin 1, including its lack of tumor promoting activity. The degree to which bryostatin analogs maintain the unique pattern of biological behavior of bryostatin 1 depends on the specific cellular system and the specific response. Merle 23 is a significantly simplified bryostatin analog that retains bryostatin like activity only to a limited extent. Here, we show that in mouse epidermal cells the activity of Merle 23 was either similar to bryostatin 1 or intermediate between bryostatin 1 and PMA, depending on the specific parameter examined. We then examined the hyperplastic and tumor promoting activity of Merle 23 on mouse skin. Merle 23 showed substantially reduced hyperplasia and was not tumor promoting at a dose comparable to that for PMA. These results suggest that there may be substantial flexibility in the design of bryostatin analogs that retain its lack of tumor promoting activity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Kelsey
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christophe Cataisson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jinqiu Chen
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michelle A Herrmann
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark E Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - David O Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kevin M McGowan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Stuart H Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gary E Keck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Peter M Blumberg
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Song X, Wang Z, Jin Y, Wang Y, Duan W. Loss of miR-532-5p in vitro promotes cell proliferation and metastasis by influencing CXCL2 expression in HCC. Am J Transl Res 2015; 7:2254-2261. [PMID: 26807173 PMCID: PMC4697705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely reported, which play important roles in cancer development. CXCL2 acts as an oncogene, however, its regulation by miRNAs is not clear in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In our research, it is aimed to study the role of CXCL2 in HCC and the regulation of its expression by miRNAs. Firstly, we found that CXCL2 was up-regulated in the blood of patients with HCC and cell lines compared with the normal controls. CXCL2 could enhance HCC cell proliferation and metastasis. miR-532-5p was predicted as a regulatory miRNA of CXCL2 in HCC, and negatively associated with CXCL2 in HCC samples. It was also verified that miR-532-5p inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells by inhibition CXCL2. Collectively, our findings suggested that miR-532-5p may function as a tumor suppressor in HCC by targeting CXCL2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affliated to Shandong Uiniversty Jinan, China
| | - Zie Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affliated to Shandong Uiniversty Jinan, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affliated to Shandong Uiniversty Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affliated to Shandong Uiniversty Jinan, China
| | - Wenbing Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affliated to Shandong Uiniversty Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Coley WD, Bogdanik L, Vila MC, Yu Q, Van Der Meulen JH, Rayavarapu S, Novak JS, Nearing M, Quinn JL, Saunders A, Dolan C, Andrews W, Lammert C, Austin A, Partridge TA, Cox GA, Lutz C, Nagaraju K. Effect of genetic background on the dystrophic phenotype in mdx mice. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 25:130-45. [PMID: 26566673 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic background significantly affects phenotype in multiple mouse models of human diseases, including muscular dystrophy. This phenotypic variability is partly attributed to genetic modifiers that regulate the disease process. Studies have demonstrated that introduction of the γ-sarcoglycan-null allele onto the DBA/2J background confers a more severe muscular dystrophy phenotype than the original strain, demonstrating the presence of genetic modifier loci in the DBA/2J background. To characterize the phenotype of dystrophin deficiency on the DBA/2J background, we created and phenotyped DBA/2J-congenic Dmdmdx mice (D2-mdx) and compared them with the original, C57BL/10ScSn-Dmdmdx (B10-mdx) model. These strains were compared with their respective control strains at multiple time points between 6 and 52 weeks of age. Skeletal and cardiac muscle function, inflammation, regeneration, histology and biochemistry were characterized. We found that D2-mdx mice showed significantly reduced skeletal muscle function as early as 7 weeks and reduced cardiac function by 28 weeks, suggesting that the disease phenotype is more severe than in B10-mdx mice. In addition, D2-mdx mice showed fewer central myonuclei and increased calcifications in the skeletal muscle, heart and diaphragm at 7 weeks, suggesting that their pathology is different from the B10-mdx mice. The new D2-mdx model with an earlier onset and more pronounced dystrophy phenotype may be useful for evaluating therapies that target cardiac and skeletal muscle function in dystrophin-deficient mice. Our data align the D2-mdx with Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients with the LTBP4 genetic modifier, making it one of the few instances of cross-species genetic modifiers of monogenic traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William D Coley
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Maria Candida Vila
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA, Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Qing Yu
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jack H Van Der Meulen
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sree Rayavarapu
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - James S Novak
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marie Nearing
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - James L Quinn
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Terence A Partridge
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Kanneboyina Nagaraju
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA, Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Iotzova-Weiss G, Dziunycz PJ, Freiberger SN, Läuchli S, Hafner J, Vogl T, French LE, Hofbauer GFL. S100A8/A9 stimulates keratinocyte proliferation in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin via the receptor for advanced glycation-end products. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120971. [PMID: 25811984 PMCID: PMC4374726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common neoplasm in organ transplant recipients (OTR) on long-term immunosuppression and occurs 60- to 100-fold more frequently than in the general population. Here, we present the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and S100A8/A9 as important factors driving normal and tumor keratinocyte proliferation. RAGE and S100A8/A9 were transcriptionally upregulated in SCC compared to normal epidermis, as well as in OTR compared to immunocompetent patients (IC) with SCC. The proliferation of normal and SCC keratinocytes was induced by exposure to exogenous S100A8/A9 which in turn was abolished by blocking of RAGE. The migratory activities of normal and SCC keratinocytes were also increased upon exposure to S100A8/A9. We demonstrated that exogenous S100A8/A9 induces phosphorylation of p38 and SAPK/JNK followed by activation of ERK1/2. We hypothesize that RAGE and S100A8/A9 contribute to the development of human SCC by modulating keratinocyte growth and migration. These processes do not seem to be impaired by profound drug-mediated immunosuppression in OTR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr J. Dziunycz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Severin Läuchli
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Hafner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, University Clinic Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lars E. French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|