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da Costa RSS, Souza NDA, Zukeram KDA, Freire C, Jácome GPO, Koifman RJ, Cardoso CC, Santos SDS. Pon1 and Sult1a1 Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Among Young Women in Brazil. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2024. [PMID: 39046919 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2023.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms Gln192Arg and Leu55Met of Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene, and Arg213His of Sulfotransferase 1A1 (SUT1A1) gene with occurrence of breast cancer among young women living in Rio de Janeiro city. Methods: This is a hospital-based case-control study including 265 women aged 18-35 years, diagnosed with breast cancer at National Cancer Institute; and 277 controls in the same age group selected among women patients and companions of three general hospitals from Rio de Janeiro public health network. Polymorphisms genotyping was performed using the PCR-RFLP technique. Results: For PON1 gene, breast cancer women had a greater chance of being homozygote for Leu55Met polymorphism (ORadjusted = 1.42, 95% CI= 0.67-3.00, recessive model) and a lower chance of having at least one allele of Gln192Arg polymorphism (ORadjusted = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.50-1.13, dominant model), but without statistical significance. Accordingly, frequency of the haplotype Met55/Arg192 was lower among breast cancer women, but no statistically significant association was observed (ORadjusted = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.48-1.51). SULT1A1 His/His genotype was significantly associated with a protective effect for breast cancer (OR adjusted = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.28-0.91, recessive model). Conclusion: Arg213His polymorphism of SUT1A1 gene showed a protective effect against breast cancer among Brazilian young women. More studies with different designs are needed to understand the role of PON1 and SULT1A1 polymorphisms in breast cancer development in young Brazilian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Soares Senra da Costa
- Public Health and Environment Post-Graduation Program (PPGSPMA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente). National Public Health School (ENSP, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nara de Almeida Souza
- Public Health and Environment Post-Graduation Program (PPGSPMA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente). National Public Health School (ENSP, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ketiuce de Azevedo Zukeram
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health (DEMQS, Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde), National School of Public Health (ENSP), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carmen Freire
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Granada, Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Rosalina Jorge Koifman
- Public Health and Environment Post-Graduation Program (PPGSPMA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente). National Public Health School (ENSP, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health (DEMQS, Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde), National School of Public Health (ENSP), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Chester Cardoso
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Silva Santos
- Public Health and Environment Post-Graduation Program (PPGSPMA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente). National Public Health School (ENSP, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health (DEMQS, Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde), National School of Public Health (ENSP), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hosseiniporgham S, Sechi LA. Anti-HERV-K Drugs and Vaccines, Possible Therapies against Tumors. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040751. [PMID: 37112663 PMCID: PMC10144246 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The footprint of human endogenous retroviruses (HERV), specifically HERV-K, has been found in malignancies, such as melanoma, teratocarcinoma, osteosarcoma, breast cancer, lymphoma, and ovary and prostate cancers. HERV-K is characterized as the most biologically active HERV due to possession of open reading frames (ORF) for all Gag, Pol, and Env genes, which enables it to be more infective and obstructive towards specific cell lines and other exogenous viruses, respectively. Some factors might contribute to carcinogenicity and at least one of them has been recognized in various tumors, including overexpression/methylation of long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1), HERV-K Gag, and Env genes themselves plus their transcripts and protein products, and HERV-K reverse transcriptase (RT). Therapies effective for HERV-K-associated tumors mostly target invasive autoimmune responses or growth of tumors through suppression of HERV-K Gag or Env protein and RT. To design new therapeutic options, more studies are needed to better understand whether HERV-K and its products (Gag/Env transcripts and HERV-K proteins/RT) are the initiators of tumor formation or just the disorder’s developers. Accordingly, this review aims to present evidence that highlights the association between HERV-K and tumorigenicity and introduces some of the available or potential therapies against HERV-K-induced tumors.
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Sedillo JC, Cryns VL. Targeting the methionine addiction of cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2249-2276. [PMID: 35693095 PMCID: PMC9185618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine is the initiator amino acid for protein synthesis, the methyl source for most nucleotide, chromatin, and protein methylation, and the carbon backbone for various aspects of the cellular antioxidant response and nucleotide biosynthesis. Methionine is provided in the diet and serum methionine levels fluctuate based on dietary methionine content. Within the cell, methionine is recycled from homocysteine via the methionine cycle, which is linked to nutrient status via one-carbon metabolism. Unlike normal cells, many cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo, show high methionine cycle activity and are dependent on exogenous methionine for continued growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the methionine dependence of diverse malignancies are poorly understood. Methionine deprivation initiates widespread metabolic alterations in cancer cells that enable them to survive despite limited methionine availability, and these adaptive alterations can be specifically targeted to enhance the activity of methionine deprivation, a strategy we have termed "metabolic priming". Chemotherapy-resistant cell populations such as cancer stem cells, which drive treatment-resistance, are also sensitive to methionine deprivation, suggesting dietary methionine restriction may inhibit metastasis and recurrence. Several clinical trials in cancer are investigating methionine restriction in combination with other agents. This review will explore new insights into the mechanisms of methionine dependence in cancer and therapeutic efforts to translate these insights into enhanced clinical activity of methionine restriction in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni C Sedillo
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vincent L Cryns
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison, WI, USA
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Combination of Antiretroviral Drugs Zidovudine and Efavirenz Impairs Tumor Growths in a Mouse Model of Cancer. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122396. [PMID: 34960665 PMCID: PMC8703283 DOI: 10.3390/v13122396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
LINE1 retrotransposons, which are thought to be the remnants of ancient integrations of retrovirus-like elements, are aberrantly (re)activated in many cancer cells. Due to LINE1-induced alterations in target gene expression and/or chromosomal rearrangements, they may be important drivers of tumorigenesis. Moreover, LINE1 encoded proteins, Open Reading Frame (ORF)1 and ORF2, may have pro-oncogenic potential through inductors of oncogenic transcription factors or inhibitors of cell cycle suppressors. The current study therefore aimed to investigate in vitro and in vivo anti-tumorigenic effects of two well-known antiretroviral drugs, zidovudine, a nucleoside analogue inhibitor of RT (NRTI), and efavirenz, a non-nucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI). Our data demonstrate that both drugs in clinically relevant doses significantly reduced the proliferation of murine and human cancer cell lines, as well as growth of tumors in a murine subcutaneous model. Intriguingly, we found that the combination of both zidovudine and efavirenz almost entirely blocked tumorigenesis in vivo. Because both drugs are FDA-approved agents and the combination was very well tolerated in mice, the combination therapy as presented in our paper might be an opportunity to treat colorectal tumors and metastasis to the liver in an inexpensive way.
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Awada Z, Bouaoun L, Nasr R, Tfayli A, Cuenin C, Akika R, Boustany RM, Makoukji J, Tamim H, Zgheib NK, Ghantous A. LINE-1 methylation mediates the inverse association between body mass index and breast cancer risk: A pilot study in the Lebanese population. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111094. [PMID: 33839117 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lebanon is among the top countries worldwide in combined incidence and mortality of breast cancer, which raises concern about risk factors peculiar to this country. The underlying molecular mechanisms of breast cancer require elucidation, particularly epigenetics, which is recognized as a molecular sensor to environmental exposures. PURPOSE We aim to explore whether DNA methylation levels of AHRR (marker of cigarette smoking), SLC1A5 and TXLNA (markers of alcohol consumption), and LINE-1 (a genome-wide repetitive retrotransposon) can act as molecular mediators underlying putative associations between breast cancer risk and pertinent extrinsic (tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption) and intrinsic factors [age and body mass index (BMI)]. METHODS This is a cross-sectional pilot study which includes breast cancer cases (N = 65) and controls (N = 54). DNA methylation levels were measured using bisulfite pyrosequencing on available peripheral blood samples (N = 119), and Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations (MICE) was used to impute missing DNA methylation values in remaining samples. Multiple mediation analysis was performed to assess direct and indirect (via DNA methylation) effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on breast cancer risk. RESULTS In relation to exposure, AHRR hypo-methylation was associated with cigarette but not waterpipe smoking, suggesting potentially different biomarkers of these two forms of tobacco use; SLC1A5 and TXLNA methylation were not associated with alcohol consumption; LINE-1 methylation was inversely associated with BMI (β-value [95% confidence interval (CI)] = -0.04 [-0.07, -0.02]), which remained significant after adjustment for age, smoking and alcohol consumption. In relation to breast cancer, there was no detectable association between AHRR, SLC1A5 or TXLNA methylation and cancer risk, but LINE-1 methylation was significantly higher in breast cancer cases when compared to controls (mean ± SD: 72.00 ± 0.66 versus 70.89 ± 0.73, P = 4.67 × 10-14). This difference remained significant after adjustment for confounders (odds ratio (OR) [95% CI] = 9.75[3.74, 25.39]). Moreover, LINE-1 hypo-methylation mediated 83% of the inverse effect of BMI on breast cancer risk. CONCLUSION This pilot study demonstrates that alterations in blood LINE-1 methylation mediate the inverse effect of BMI on breast cancer risk. This warrants large scale studies and stratification based on clinic-pathological types of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Awada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon; International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Arafat Tfayli
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Reem Akika
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rose-Mary Boustany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Neurology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joelle Makoukji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Tamim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Research Institute, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nathalie K Zgheib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Akram Ghantous
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Rahimi Z, Bozorgi Zarini M, Rahimi Z, Shakiba E, Vaisi-Raygani A, Moradi MT, Yari K. Variants of Genes Involved in Metabolism of Folate Among Patients with Breast Cancer: Association of TYMS 3R Allele with Susceptibility to Breast Cancer and Metastasis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 16:62-68. [PMID: 33391382 PMCID: PMC7691710 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.117676.2283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is known to be the most prevalent cancer among women. One-carbon metabolism disturbance might play an important role in the etiology of BC. The present study aimed to investigate the thymidylate synthase (TYMS), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase (MTR), and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) variants as good candidates for studying the role of genetic variants of folate metabolizing enzymes in the risk of BC. Methods: The present case-control study includes 100 BC patients and 141 healthy females. The TYMS 2R/3R (rs34743033), MTR c.2756A>G (rs1805087), and MTRR c.66A>G (rs1801394) variants were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and a designed amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS) method, respectively. Results: The 3R allele of TYMS enhanced the risk of BC by 2.84-fold (P<0.001). In the presence of TYMS 3R/3R, compared to TYMS 2R/3R, there was a trend toward enhancing the risk of metastasis by 4.15-fold (95% CI: 0.96-17.85, P=0.055). The frequencies of MTR c.2756A>G and MTRR c.66A>G variants were not significantly different among patients and controls. Conclusion: We observed that the TYMS 3R is a risk allele for susceptibility to BC and this allele may increase the risk of metastasis in BC patients. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Rahimi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Bozorgi Zarini
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ziba Rahimi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Shakiba
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asad Vaisi-Raygani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taher Moradi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kheirolah Yari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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7
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Wielsøe M, Tarantini L, Bollati V, Long M, Bonefeld‐Jørgensen EC. DNA methylation level in blood and relations to breast cancer, risk factors and environmental exposure in Greenlandic Inuit women. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 127:338-350. [PMID: 32352194 PMCID: PMC7540549 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have found aberrant DNA methylation levels in breast cancer cases, but factors influencing DNA methylation patterns and the mechanisms are not well understood. This case-control study evaluated blood methylation level of two repetitive elements and selected breast cancer-related genes in relation to breast cancer risk, and the associations with serum level of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and breast cancer risk factors in Greenlandic Inuit. DNA methylation was determined using bisulphite pyrosequencing in blood from 74 breast cancer cases and 80 controls. Using first tertile as reference, the following was observed. Positive associations for ATM in second tertile (OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.04; 5.23) and ESR2 in third tertile (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 0.97; 5.05) suggest an increased breast cancer risk with high DNA methylation. LINE-1 methylation was lower in cases than controls. In third tertile (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18; 0.98), associations suggest in accordance with the literature an increased risk of breast cancer with LINE-1 hypomethylation. Among controls, significant associations between methylation levels and serum level of POPs and breast cancer risk factors (age, body mass index, cotinine level) were found. Thus, breast cancer risk factors and POPs may alter the risk through changes in methylation levels; further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wielsøe
- Department of Public HealthCentre for Arctic Health & Molecular EpidemiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Letizia Tarantini
- EPIGET – Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET – Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Manhai Long
- Department of Public HealthCentre for Arctic Health & Molecular EpidemiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Eva Cecilie Bonefeld‐Jørgensen
- Department of Public HealthCentre for Arctic Health & Molecular EpidemiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
- Greenland Center for Health ResearchUniversity of GreenlandNuukGreenland
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8
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Alakwaa FM, Savelieff MG. Bioinformatics Analysis of Metabolomics Data Unveils Association of Metabolic Signatures with Methylation in Breast Cancer. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:2879-2889. [PMID: 31886666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) contributes the highest global cancer mortality in women. BC tumors are highly heterogeneous, so subtyping by cell-surface markers is inadequate. Omics-driven tumor stratification is urgently needed to better understand BC and tailor therapies for personalized medicine. We used unsupervised k-means and partition around medoids (pam) to cluster metabolomics data from two data sets. The first comprised 271 BC tumors (data set 1) that were estrogen receptor (ER) positive (ER+, n = 204) or negative (ER-, n = 67) with 162 identified and validated metabolites. The second data set contained 67 BC samples (data set 2; ER+, n = 33; ER-, n = 34) and 352 known metabolites. Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) was used to identify the most significant metabolites among these clusters, which were then reassigned into new clusters using prediction analysis of microarrays (PAM). Generally, metabolome-defined BC subtypes identified from either data set 1 or data set 2 were different from the well-known receptor- or transcriptome-defined subtypes. Metabolomics-directed clustering of data set 2 identified distinctive BC tumors characterized by metabolome profiles that associated with DNA methylation (p-value = 0.000 048, χ2 test). Pathway analysis of cluster metabolites revealed that nitrogen metabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis were highly related to BC subtyping. The pipeline may be run from GitHub: https://github.com/FADHLyemen/Metabolomics_signature. Our proposed bioinformatics pipeline analyzed metabolomics data from BC tumors, revealing clusters characterized by unique metabolic signatures that may potentially stratify BC patients and tailor precision treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadhl M Alakwaa
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Masha G Savelieff
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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9
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Donovan MG, Wren SN, Cenker M, Selmin OI, Romagnolo DF. Dietary fat and obesity as modulators of breast cancer risk: Focus on DNA methylation. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1331-1350. [PMID: 31691272 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. Validated biomarkers enhance efforts for early detection and treatment, which reduce the risk of mortality. Epigenetic signatures have been suggested as good biomarkers for early detection, prognosis and targeted therapy of BC. Here, we highlight studies documenting the modifying effects of dietary fatty acids and obesity on BC biomarkers associated with DNA methylation. We focus our analysis on changes elicited in writers of DNA methylation (i.e., DNA methyltransferases), global DNA methylation and gene-specific DNA methylation. To provide context, we precede this discussion with a review of the available evidence for an association between BC incidence and both dietary fat consumption and obesity. We also include a review of well-vetted BC biomarkers related to cytosine-guanine dinucleotides methylation and how they influence BC risk, prognosis, tumour characteristics and response to treatment. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah G Donovan
- Interdisciplinary Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Spencer N Wren
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Mikia Cenker
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ornella I Selmin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Donato F Romagnolo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
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10
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Wang C, O'Brien KM, Xu Z, Sandler DP, Taylor JA, Weinberg CR. Long-term ambient fine particulate matter and DNA methylation in inflammation pathways: results from the Sister Study. Epigenetics 2019; 15:524-535. [PMID: 31822152 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1699894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although underlying mechanisms of long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiovascular disease remain obscure, effects might partially act through changes in DNA methylation. We examined the associations between long-term ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and methylation, considering both a global measure and methylation at several specific inflammation-related loci, in two random sub-cohorts selected from a nationwide prospective study of US women. In one sub-cohort we measured long interspersed nucleotide element (LINE-1); in the other, we measured methylation at three candidates CpG loci related to inflammatory pathways [tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2)]. Annual average contemporaneous ambient PM2.5 concentrations were estimated for the current residence. We used both classical least-squares and quantile regression models to estimate the long-term effects. The women in sub-cohorts 1 (n = 491) and 2 (n = 882) had mean ages of 55.8 and 56.7, respectively. Neither modelling approach showed an association between long-term PM2.5 and LINE-1 methylation or between PM2.5 and either of the two CpG sites in TLR-2. Using linear regression, there was an estimated change of -6.5% (95% confidence interval CI: -13.34%, 0.35%) in mean methylation of TNF-α per 5 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5. Quantile regression showed that the downward shift was mainly in the lower half of the distribution of DNA methylation. Long-term residence in regions with higher ambient PM2.5 may be associated with increased TNF-α through a reduction in methylation, particularly in the lower tail. Epigenetic markers and quantile regression might provide insight into mechanisms underlying the relationship between air pollution and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Wang
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.,Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Zongli Xu
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Clarice R Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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11
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DNA methylation-based biological age, genome-wide average DNA methylation, and conventional breast cancer risk factors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15055. [PMID: 31636290 PMCID: PMC6803691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation-based biological age (DNAm age), as well as genome-wide average DNA methylation, have been reported to predict breast cancer risk. We aimed to investigate the associations between these DNA methylation-based risk factors and 18 conventional breast cancer risk factors for disease-free women. A sample of 479 individuals from the Australian Mammographic Density Twins and Sisters was used for discovery, a sample of 3354 individuals from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study was used for replication, and meta-analyses pooling results from the two studies were conducted. DNAm age based on three epigenetic clocks (Hannum, Horvath and Levine) and genome-wide average DNA methylation were calculated using the HumanMethylation 450 K BeadChip assay data. The DNAm age measures were positively associated with body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol drinking and age at menarche (all nominal P < 0.05). Genome-wide average DNA methylation was negatively associated with smoking and number of live births, and positively associated with age at first live birth (all nominal P < 0.05). The association of DNAm age with BMI was also evident in within-twin-pair analyses that control for familial factors. This study suggests that some lifestyle and hormonal risk factors are associated with these DNA methylation-based breast cancer risk factors, and the observed associations are unlikely to be due to familial confounding but are likely causal. DNA methylation-based risk factors could interplay with conventional risk factors in modifying breast cancer risk.
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12
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Boyne DJ, O'Sullivan DE, Olij BF, King WD, Friedenreich CM, Brenner DR. Physical Activity, Global DNA Methylation, and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 27:1320-1331. [PMID: 29991518 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent to which physical activity reduces breast cancer risk through changes in global DNA methylation is unknown. We systematically identified studies that investigated the association between: (i) physical activity and global DNA methylation; or (ii) global DNA methylation and breast cancer risk. Associations were quantified using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was investigated through subgroup analyses and the Q-test and I 2 statistics. Twenty-four studies were reviewed. We observed a trend between higher levels of physical activity and higher levels of global DNA methylation [pooled standardized mean difference = 0.19; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.03-0.40; P = 0.09] which, in turn, had a suggestive association with a reduced breast cancer risk (pooled relative risk = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.49-1.02; P = 0.06). In subgroup analyses, a positive association between physical activity and global DNA methylation was observed among studies assessing physical activity over long periods of time (P = 0.02). Similarly, the association between global DNA methylation and breast cancer was statistically significant for prospective cohort studies (P = 0.007). Despite the heterogeneous evidence base, the literature suggests that physical activity reduces the risk of breast cancer through increased global DNA methylation. This study is the first to systematically overview the complete biologic pathway between physical activity, global DNA methylation, and breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(11); 1320-31. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon J Boyne
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dylan E O'Sullivan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Branko F Olij
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Will D King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darren R Brenner
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. .,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Gogna P, O'Sullivan DE, King WD. The effect of inflammation-related lifestyle exposures and interactions with gene variants on long interspersed nuclear element-1 DNA methylation. Epigenomics 2018; 10:785-796. [PMID: 29888958 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the relationship between inflammation-related lifestyle factors and long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) DNA methylation, and test for interaction by gene variants involved in one-carbon metabolism. PATIENTS & METHODS The study population consisted of 280 individuals undergoing colonoscopy screening. Multivariable linear regression was employed to examine associations of physical activity, BMI and NSAID use with LINE-1 DNA methylation and interactions with MTR and MTHFR gene variants. RESULTS The highest quartile of physical activity compared with the lowest was associated with higher LINE-1 DNA methylation (p = 0.005). Long-term NSAID use and a normal BMI were associated with increased LINE-1 DNA methylation among individuals with the variant MTR allele (p = 0.02; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that inflammation-related exposures may influence LINE-1 DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gogna
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dylan E O'Sullivan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Will D King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Del Gobbo GF, Price EM, Hanna CW, Robinson WP. No evidence for association of MTHFR 677C>T and 1298A>C variants with placental DNA methylation. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:34. [PMID: 29564022 PMCID: PMC5851070 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in one-carbon metabolism that ensures the availability of methyl groups for methylation reactions. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MTHFR gene, 677C>T and 1298A>C, result in a thermolabile enzyme with reduced function. These variants, in both the maternal and/or fetal genes, have been associated with pregnancy complications including miscarriage, neural tube defects (NTDs), and preeclampsia (PE), perhaps due to altered capacity for DNA methylation (DNAm). In this study, we assessed the association between MTHFR 677TT and 1298CC genotypes and risk of NTDs, PE, or normotensive intrauterine growth restriction (nIUGR). Additionally, we assessed whether these high-risk genotypes are associated with altered DNAm in the placenta. Results In 303 placentas screened for this study, we observed no significant association between the occurrence of NTDs (N = 55), PE (early-onset: N = 28, late-onset: N = 20), or nIUGR (N = 21) and placental (fetal) MTHFR 677TT or 1298CC genotypes compared to healthy pregnancies (N = 179), though a trend of increased 677TT genotype in PE/IUGR together was observed (OR 2.53, p = 0.048). DNAm was profiled in 10 high-risk 677 (677TT + 1298AA), 10 high-risk 1298 (677CC + 1298CC), and 10 reference (677CC + 1298AA) genotype placentas. Linear modeling identified no significantly differentially methylated sites between high-risk 677 or 1298 and reference placentas at a false discovery rate < 0.05 and Δβ ≥ 0.05 using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Using a differentially methylated region analysis or separating cytosine-guanine dinucleotides (CpGs) by CpG density to reduce multiple comparisons also did not identify differential methylation. Additionally, there was no consistent evidence for altered methylation of repetitive DNA between high-risk and reference placentas. Conclusions We conclude that large-scale, genome-wide disruption in DNAm does not occur in placentas with the high-risk MTHFR 677TT or 1298CC genotypes. Furthermore, there was no evidence for an association of the 1298CC genotype and only a tendency to higher 677TT in pregnancy complications of PE/IUGR. This may be due to small sample sizes or folate repletion in our Canadian population attenuating effects of the high-risk MTHFR variants. However, given our results and the conflicting results in the literature, investigations into alternative mechanisms that may explain the link between MTHFR variants and pregnancy complications, or in populations at risk of folate deficiencies, are warranted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0468-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia F Del Gobbo
- 1BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada.,2Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - E Magda Price
- 1BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada.,2Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Courtney W Hanna
- 3Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK.,4Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG UK
| | - Wendy P Robinson
- 1BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada.,2Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada.,5Child and Family Research Institute, Room 2082, 950 W 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
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15
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Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C Variants, Folate Intake, and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.9528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Boyne DJ, Friedenreich CM, McIntyre JB, Courneya KS, King WD. Associations between adiposity and repetitive element DNA methylation in healthy postmenopausal women. Epigenomics 2017; 9:1267-1277. [PMID: 28874065 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the association between adiposity and repetitive element DNA methylation in healthy postmenopausal women. PATIENTS & METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using baseline information from 289 women who participated in the Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention trial. RESULTS After adjusting for important confounders, long interspersed nuclear element-1 methylation was positively associated with intra-abdominal fat area (p = 0.03), body fat percent (p = 0.048), fat mass (p = 0.01), waist circumference (p = 0.03), hip circumference (p = 0.001), BMI (p = 0.03), current weight (p = 0.002), weight at age 20 (p = 0.02) and adulthood weight gain (p = 0.03). No significant associations were found between any of the adiposity measures and Alu methylation. CONCLUSION Current and historical adiposity measures are positively associated with long interspersed nuclear element-1 methylation in healthy postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon J Boyne
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology & Prevention Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology & Prevention Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John B McIntyre
- Translational Laboratory, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Physical Education & Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Will D King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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White blood cell DNA methylation and risk of breast cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO). Breast Cancer Res 2017; 19:94. [PMID: 28821281 PMCID: PMC5563066 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-017-0886-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have suggested that global DNA methylation in circulating white blood cells (WBC) is associated with breast cancer risk. Methods To address conflicting results and concerns that the findings for WBC DNA methylation in some prior studies may reflect disease effects, we evaluated the relationship between global levels of WBC DNA methylation in white blood cells and breast cancer risk in a case-control study nested within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) cohort. A total of 428 invasive breast cancer cases and 419 controls, frequency matched on age at entry (55–59, 60–64, 65–69, ≥70 years), year of entry (on/before September 30, 1997, on/after October 1, 1997) and period of DNA extraction (previously extracted, newly extracted) were included. The ratio of 5-methyl-2’ deoxycytidine [5-mdC] to 2’-deoxyguanine [dG], assuming [dG] = [5-mdC] + [2’-deoxycytidine [dC]] (%5-mdC), was determined by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, an especially accurate method for assessing total genomic DNA methylation. Results Odds ratio (OR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for breast cancer risk adjusted for age at entry, year of entry, and period of DNA extraction, were 1.0 (referent), 0.89 (95% CI, 0.6–1.3), 0.88 (95% CI, 0.6–1.3), and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.6–1.2) for women in the highest compared to lowest quartile levels of %5md-C (p for trend = .39). Effects did not meaningfully vary by time elapsed from WBC collection to diagnosis. Discussion These results do not support the hypothesis that global DNA hypomethylation in WBC DNA is associated with increased breast cancer risk prior to the appearance of clinical disease.
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18
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Mohammadpour-Gharehbagh A, Salimi S, Keshavarzi F, Saeidian F, Mousavi M, Teimoori B, Esmaeilipour M, Mokhtari M. Genetic variants in 3'-UTRs of MTHFR in the pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia and bioinformatics analysis. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:773-781. [PMID: 28657672 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) as a pregnancy-specific disorder is the major cause of mortality and morbidity of mothers and fetuses. This study attempts to investigate the possible association between the 2572C>A (rs4846049) and 4869C>G (rs1537514) polymorphisms in the 3'- untranslated region of MTHFR gene and the risk of PE. A total of 198 patients diagnosed with PE and 171 unrelated, age matched healthy pregnant women, were recruited for this case-control study. The MTHFR 2572C>A and 4869C>G genotyping was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The CG genotype of MTHFR 4869C>G was associated with decreased risk of PE, and this genotype was found to be a protective factor for PE susceptibility. There was no significant difference in the genotypes of MTHFR 2572C>A polymorphism between PE patients and control group. The frequency of combined AC/CG genotypes of MTHFR 2572C>A and 4869C>G polymorphisms were less frequent in PE patients and were associated with a lower risk of PE. The C-G and A-G haplotypes of MTHFR 2572C>A and 4869C>G polymorphisms were significantly lower in PE patients. In conclusion, the CG genotype of MTHFR 4869C>G polymorphism was associated with a lower risk of PE. No association was found between MTHFR 2572C>A polymorphism and PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Mohammadpour-Gharehbagh
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Salimi
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Farshid Keshavarzi
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Foozieh Saeidian
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mousavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Batool Teimoori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaeilipour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mokhtari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Relationships between Global DNA Methylation in Circulating White Blood Cells and Breast Cancer Risk Factors. J Cancer Epidemiol 2017; 2017:2705860. [PMID: 28484492 PMCID: PMC5397634 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2705860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is not yet clear whether white blood cell DNA global methylation is associated with breast cancer risk. In this review we examine the relationships between multiple breast cancer risk factors and three markers of global DNA methylation: LINE-1, 5-mdC, and Alu. A literature search was conducted using Pubmed up to April 1, 2016, using combinations of relevant outcomes such as “WBC methylation,” “blood methylation,” “blood LINE-1 methylation,” and a comprehensive list of known and suspected breast cancer risk factors. Overall, the vast majority of reports in the literature have focused on LINE-1. There was reasonably consistent evidence across the studies examined that males have higher levels of LINE-1 methylation in WBC DNA than females. None of the other demographic, lifestyle, dietary, or health condition risk factors were consistently associated with LINE-1 DNA methylation across studies. With the possible exception of sex, there was also little evidence that the wide range of breast cancer risk factors we examined were associated with either of the other two global DNA methylation markers: 5-mdC and Alu. One possible implication of the observed lack of association between global WBC DNA methylation and known breast cancer risk factors is that the association between global WBC DNA methylation and breast cancer, if it exists, is due to a disease effect.
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Wang P, Li S, Wang M, He J, Xi S. Association of MTRR A66G polymorphism with cancer susceptibility: Evidence from 85 studies. J Cancer 2017; 8:266-277. [PMID: 28243331 PMCID: PMC5327376 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) is a key regulatory enzyme involved in the folate metabolic pathway. Previous studies investigating the association of MTRR A66G polymorphism with cancer susceptibility reported inconclusive results. We performed the current meta-analysis to obtain a more precise estimation of the possible association. Published literatures were identified from PubMed, Embase and CBM databases up to October 2016. The strength of the association between the MTRR A66G polymorphism and cancer susceptibility was assessed using odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eighty five published studies with 32,272 cases and 37,427 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results indicated that the MTRR A66G polymorphism was associated with an increased overall cancer risk (homozygous model: OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02-1.15, P = 0.009; recessive model: OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.00-1.12, P < 0.001 and allele comparison: OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00-1.06, P < 0.001). Stratification analysis further indicated significant associations in head and neck cancer, Caucasians, Africans, and high quality studies. However, to avoid the "false-positive report", the significant findings were assessed by the false-positive report probability (FPRP) test. Interestingly, the results of FPRP test revealed that the increased risk for MTRR A66G polymorphism among Africans need further validation due to the high probabilities of false-positive results. This meta-analysis suggests that the MTRR A66G polymorphism is associated with significantly increased cancer risk, a finding that needs to be confirmed in single large studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Medical Molecular Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Sanqiang Li
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Medical Molecular Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Shoumin Xi, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Medical Molecular Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China, Tel.: (+86-379) 64830346, Fax: (+86-379) 64830345, E-mail: ; or Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China, Tel./Fax: (+86-20) 38076560, E-mail:
| | - Shoumin Xi
- The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Medical Molecular Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Shoumin Xi, The Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Medical Molecular Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China, Tel.: (+86-379) 64830346, Fax: (+86-379) 64830345, E-mail: ; or Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China, Tel./Fax: (+86-20) 38076560, E-mail:
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The RFC1 80G>A, among Common One-Carbon Polymorphisms, Relates to Survival Rate According to DNA Global Methylation in Primary Liver Cancers. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167534. [PMID: 27936032 PMCID: PMC5147923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms within one-carbon metabolism genes have been largely studied in relation to cancer risk for the function of this pathway in nucleotide synthesis and DNA methylation. Aims of this study were to explore the possible link among several common functional gene polymorphisms within one-carbon metabolism and survival rate in primary liver cancers, i.e., hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, and to assess the additional effect of global DNA methylation on survival rate and mortality risk. Forty-seven primary liver cancer patients were genotyped for ten polymorphisms: DHFR 19bp ins/del, TS 2rpt-3rpt, MTHFD1 1958G>A, MTHFR 677C>T, MTR 2756A>G, MTRR 66A>G, RFC1 80G>A, SHMT1 1420C>T, BHMT 716 A>G, TC II 776C>G. Methylation was determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) DNA as methylcytosine (mCyt) content using LC/MS/MS. Among the polymorphisms analysed, the RFC1 80G>A (rs1051266) influenced the survival rate in primary liver cancers. The RFC1 80AA was associated to a significantly reduced survival rate (22.2%) as compared to both GG and GA genotypes (61.5% and 76% respectively, p = 0.005). When the cancer patients were stratified according to the mCyt median value as high (>5.34%) or low (≤5.34%), the concomitant presence of AA genotype and low mCyt level led to a significantly worse survival rate as compared to the G allele carriership (p<0.0001) with a higher Hazard Ratio (HR = 6.62, p = 0.001). The subjects carrying the AA genotype in association with high mCyt did not show a significant difference in survival rate as compared with the G allele carriers (p = 0.919). The RFC1 80G>A polymorphism influenced the survival rate, and the presence of RFC1 80AA genotype with low global methylation in PBMCs DNA was associated with poorer prognosis and higher mortality risk, therefore highlighting novel molecular signatures potentially helpful to define prognostic markers for primary liver cancers.
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Tang Q, Cheng J, Cao X, Surowy H, Burwinkel B. Blood-based DNA methylation as biomarker for breast cancer: a systematic review. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:115. [PMID: 27895805 PMCID: PMC5109688 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have investigated global DNA methylation profiles and gene-specific DNA methylation in blood-based DNA to develop powerful screening markers for cancer. This systematic review summarizes the current evidence on methylation studies that investigated methylation level of blood-derived DNA of breast cancer (BC) patients in comparison to healthy controls by conducting a systematic literature review in PubMed and Web of Science. Essential results, such as methylation levels of BC cases and healthy controls, p values, and odds ratios, were extracted from these studies by two investigators independently. Overall, 45 publications met the inclusion criteria for this review. DNA from whole blood, as well as cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from serum or plasma, was used in these studies. The most common method used for measuring global DNA methylation was the investigation of repetitive elements as surrogates and the application of array-based genome-wide methylation analysis. For measuring gene-specific methylation level, methylation-specific PCR and pyrosequencing were the most frequently used methods. Epigenome-wide blood DNA hypomethylation in BC patients were reported in several studies; however, the evidence is still not conclusive. The most frequently investigated gene in whole blood was BRCA1, which was found more frequently methylated in patients compared to controls. RASSF1A was the most widely investigated gene in cfDNA of serum or plasma, which was also found more frequently methylated in patients compared to controls. Several of the eligible studies reported the associations of global hypomethylation and increased BC risk. Studies investigated associations between gene-specific methylation and BC risk, while got heterogeneous results. But two studies reported that hypermethylation of ATM gene was associated with increased BC risk, which suggest the potential use of this gene for BC risk stratification. Overall, our review suggests the possibility of using blood-based DNA methylation marker as promising marker for BC risk stratification, as several studies found associations between certain methylation level in blood and BC risk. However, so far, the evidence is still quite limited. Optimal markers are yet to be developed and promising results needed to be validated in prospective study cohorts and tested in large screening populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqiong Tang
- Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ; Division of Molecular Epidemiology (C080), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jie Cheng
- Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ; Division of Molecular Epidemiology (C080), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xue Cao
- Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ; Division of Molecular Epidemiology (C080), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harald Surowy
- Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ; Division of Molecular Epidemiology (C080), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ; Division of Molecular Epidemiology (C080), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Functional variants of the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase gene significantly increase susceptibility to prostate cancer: Results from an ethnic Han Chinese population. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36264. [PMID: 27808252 PMCID: PMC5093691 DOI: 10.1038/srep36264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation has been implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. The one-carbon metabolism pathway and related metabolites determine cellular DNA methylation and thus is thought to play a pivotal role in PCa occurrence. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of genetic variants in one-carbon metabolism genes to prostate cancer (PCa) risk and the underlying biological mechanisms. In this hospital-based case-control study of 1817 PCa cases and 2026 cancer-free controls, we genotyped six polymorphisms in three one-carbon metabolism genes and assessed their association with the risk of PCa. We found two noncoding MTR variants, rs28372871 T > G and rs1131450 G > A, were independently associated with a significantly increased risk of PCa. The rs28372871 GG genotype (adjusted OR = 1.40, P = 0.004) and rs1131450 AA genotype (adjusted OR = 1.64, P = 0.007) exhibited 1.40-fold and 1.64-fold higher risk of PCa, respectively, compared with their respective homozygous wild-type genotypes. Further functional analyses revealed these two variants contribute to reducing MTR expression, elevating homocysteine and SAH levels, reducing methionine and SAM levels, increasing SAH/SAM ratio, and promoting the invasion of PCa cells in vitro. Collectively, our data suggest regulatory variants of the MTR gene significantly increase the PCa risk via decreasing methylation potential. These findings provide a novel molecular mechanism for the prostate carcinogenesis.
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Joyce BT, Gao T, Zheng Y, Liu L, Zhang W, Dai Q, Shrubsole MJ, Hibler EA, Cristofanilli M, Zhang H, Yang H, Vokonas P, Cantone L, Schwartz J, Baccarelli A, Hou L. Prospective changes in global DNA methylation and cancer incidence and mortality. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:465-72. [PMID: 27351216 PMCID: PMC4985350 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylation of repetitive elements Alu and LINE-1 in humans is considered a surrogate for global DNA methylation. Previous studies of blood-measured Alu/LINE-1 and cancer risk are inconsistent. METHODS We studied 1259 prospective methylation measurements from blood drawn 1-4 times from 583 participants from 1999 to 2012. We used Cox regression to evaluate time-dependent methylation as a biomarker for cancer risk and mortality, and linear regression to compare mean differences in methylation over time by cancer status and analyse associations between rate of methylation change and cancer. RESULTS Time-dependent LINE-1 methylation was associated with prostate cancer incidence (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.88) and all-cancer mortality (HR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.03-1.92). The first measurement of Alu methylation (HR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.08-1.79) was associated with all-cancer mortality. Participants who ultimately developed cancer had lower mean LINE-1 methylation than cancer-free participants 10+ years pre-diagnosis (P<0.01). Rate of Alu methylation change was associated with all-cancer incidence (HR: 3.62, 95% CI: 1.09-12.10). CONCLUSIONS Our results add longitudinal data on blood Alu and LINE-1 methylation and cancer, and potentially contribute to their use as early-detection biomarkers. Future larger studies are needed and should account for the interval between blood sample collection and cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Joyce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Division of Epidemiology/Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois-Chicago, 1603 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Tao Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Qi Dai
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 319, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Martha J Shrubsole
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 319, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Hibler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Massimo Cristofanilli
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N. St Clair Street, 8th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hushan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Population Science, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 834 Chestnut Street, Suite 314, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Pantel Vokonas
- VA Normative Aging Study, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Laura Cantone
- Molecular Epidemiology and Environmental Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, San Barnaba 8, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Olson Pavilion 8350, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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25
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Llanos AAM, Marian C, Brasky TM, Dumitrescu RG, Liu Z, Mason JB, Makambi KH, Spear SL, Kallakury BVS, Freudenheim JL, Shields PG. Associations between genetic variation in one-carbon metabolism and LINE-1 DNA methylation in histologically normal breast tissues. Epigenetics 2016; 10:727-35. [PMID: 26090795 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1062205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation is an early event in the carcinogenic process. Percent methylation of long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) is a biomarker of genome-wide methylation and is a potential biomarker for breast cancer. Understanding factors associated with percent LINE-1 DNA methylation in histologically normal tissues could provide insight into early stages of carcinogenesis. In a cross-sectional study of 121 healthy women with no prior history of cancer who underwent reduction mammoplasty, we examined associations between plasma and breast folate, genetic variation in one-carbon metabolism, and percent LINE-1 methylation using multivariable regression models (adjusting for race, oral contraceptive use, and alcohol use). Results are expressed as the ratio of LINE-1 methylation relative to that of the referent group, with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). We found no significant associations between plasma or breast folate and percent LINE-1 methylation. Variation in MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR were significantly associated with percent LINE-1 methylation. Variant allele carriers of MTHFR A1289C had 4% lower LINE-1 methylation (Ratio 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.98), while variant allele carriers of MTR A2756G (Ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06) and MTRR A66G (Ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06) had 3% higher LINE-1 methylation, compared to those carrying the more common genotypes of these SNPs. DNA methylation of LINE-1 elements in histologically normal breast tissues is influenced by polymorphisms in genes in the one-carbon metabolism pathway. Future studies are needed to investigate the sociodemographic, environmental and additional genetic determinants of DNA methylation in breast tissues and the impact on breast cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adana A M Llanos
- a Department of Epidemiology; Rutgers School of Public Health and the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey ; New Brunswick , NJ USA
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26
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Song MA, Brasky TM, Marian C, Weng DY, Taslim C, Llanos AA, Dumitrescu RG, Liu Z, Mason JB, Spear SL, Kallakury BVS, Freudenheim JL, Shields PG. Genetic variation in one-carbon metabolism in relation to genome-wide DNA methylation in breast tissue from heathy women. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:471-480. [PMID: 26961134 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in one-carbon metabolism genes and lifestyle factors (alcohol drinking and breast folate) may be determinants of whole-genome methylation in the breast. DNA methylation profiling was performed using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip in 81 normal breast tissues from women undergoing reduction mammoplasty and no history of cancer. ANCOVA, adjusting for age, race and BMI, was used to identify differentially-methylated (DM) CpGs. Gene expression, by the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Transcriptome Array 2.0, was correlated with DM. Biological networks of DM genes were assigned using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Fifty-seven CpG sites were DM in association with eight SNPs in FTHFD, MTHFD1, MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, and TYMS (P <5.0 x 10-5); 56% of the DM CpGs were associated with FTHFD SNPs, including DM within FTHFD. Gene expression was negatively correlated with FTHFD methylation (r=-0.25, P=0.017). Four DM CpGs identified by SNPs in MTRR, MTHFR, and FTHFD were significantly associated with alcohol consumption and/or breast folate. The top biological network of DM CpGs was associated with Energy Production, Molecular Transportation, and Nucleic Acid Metabolism. This is the first comprehensive study of the association between SNPs in one-carbon metabolism genes and genome-wide DNA methylation in normal breast tissues. These SNPs, especially FTHFD, as well as alcohol intake and folate exposure, appear to affect DM in breast tissues of healthy women. The finding that SNPs in FTHFD and MTR are associated with their own methylation is novel and highlights a role for these SNPs as cis-methylation quantitative trait loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ae Song
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Theodore M Brasky
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Catalin Marian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio Biochemistry and Pharmacology Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Y Weng
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Cenny Taslim
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Adana A Llanos
- Department of Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | | | - Zhenua Liu
- Department of Nutrition; School of Public Health and Health Sciences; University of Massachusetts; Amherst, MA USA
| | - Joel B Mason
- U.S.D.A. Human Nutrition Research Center; Tufts University; Boston, MA USA
| | - Scott L Spear
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Georgetown University; Washington, DC USA
| | | | - Jo L Freudenheim
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health; School of Public Health and Health Professions; University at Buffalo; Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Peter G Shields
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
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27
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White AJ, Chen J, Teitelbaum SL, McCullough LE, Xu X, Hee Cho Y, Conway K, Beyea J, Stellman SD, Steck SE, Mordukhovich I, Eng SM, Beth Terry M, Engel LS, Hatch M, Neugut AI, Hibshoosh H, Santella RM, Gammon MD. Sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are associated with gene-specific promoter methylation in women with breast cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 145:93-100. [PMID: 26671626 PMCID: PMC4706465 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoke, diet and indoor/outdoor air pollution, all major sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have been associated with breast cancer. Aberrant methylation may be an early event in carcinogenesis, but whether PAHs influence the epigenome is unclear, particularly in breast tissue where methylation may be most relevant. We aimed to evaluate the role of methylation in the association between PAHs and breast cancer. METHODS In a population-based case-control study, we measured promoter methylation of 13 breast cancer-related genes in breast tumor tissue (n=765-851 cases) and global methylation in peripheral blood (1055 cases/1101 controls). PAH sources (current active smoking, residential environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), vehicular traffic, synthetic log burning, and grilled/smoked meat intake) were evaluated separately. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS When comparing methylated versus unmethylated genes, synthetic log use was associated with increased ORs for CDH1 (OR=2.26, 95%CI=1.06-4.79), HIN1 (OR=2.14, 95%CI=1.34-3.42) and RARβ (OR=1.80, 95%CI=1.16-2.78) and decreased ORs for BRCA1 (OR=0.44, 95%CI=0.30-0.66). Residential ETS was associated with decreased ORs for ESR1 (OR=0.74, 95%CI=0.56-0.99) and CCND2 methylation (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.44-0.96). Current smoking and vehicular traffic were associated with decreased ORs for DAPK (OR=0.53, 95%CI=0.28-0.99) and increased ORs for TWIST1 methylation (OR=2.79, 95%CI=1.24-6.30), respectively. In controls, synthetic log use was inversely associated with LINE-1 (OR=0.59, 95%CI=0.41-0.86). DISCUSSION PAH sources were associated with hypo- and hypermethylation at multiple promoter regions in breast tumors and LINE-1 hypomethylation in blood of controls. Methylation may be a potential biologic mechanism for the associations between PAHs and breast cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J White
- Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jia Chen
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Departments of Oncological Science, New York, NY, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, Ichan School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lauren E McCullough
- Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xinran Xu
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Departments of Biometrics, Roche Product Development in Asia-Pacific, Shanghai, China
| | - Yoon Hee Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Kathleen Conway
- Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jan Beyea
- Department of Consulting in the Public Interest (CIPI), Lambertville, NJ, USA
| | | | - Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Irina Mordukhovich
- Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sybil M Eng
- Departments of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Departments of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maureen Hatch
- Departments of Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alfred I Neugut
- Departments of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Departments of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Regina M Santella
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences; Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marilie D Gammon
- Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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28
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Terry MB, McDonald JA, Wu HC, Eng S, Santella RM. Epigenetic Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Risk: Across the Breast Cancer Prevention Continuum. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 882:33-68. [PMID: 26987530 PMCID: PMC5305320 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22909-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic biomarkers, such as DNA methylation, can increase cancer risk through altering gene expression. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Network has demonstrated breast cancer-specific DNA methylation signatures. DNA methylation signatures measured at the time of diagnosis may prove important for treatment options and in predicting disease-free and overall survival (tertiary prevention). DNA methylation measurement in cell free DNA may also be useful in improving early detection by measuring tumor DNA released into the blood (secondary prevention). Most evidence evaluating the use of DNA methylation markers in tertiary and secondary prevention efforts for breast cancer comes from studies that are cross-sectional or retrospective with limited corresponding epidemiologic data, raising concerns about temporality. Few prospective studies exist that are large enough to address whether DNA methylation markers add to the prediction of tertiary and secondary outcomes over and beyond standard clinical measures. Determining the role of epigenetic biomarkers in primary prevention can help in identifying modifiable pathways for targeting interventions and reducing disease incidence. The potential is great for DNA methylation markers to improve cancer outcomes across the prevention continuum. Large, prospective epidemiological studies will provide essential evidence of the overall utility of adding these markers to primary prevention efforts, screening, and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jasmine A McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hui Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sybil Eng
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Regina M Santella
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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29
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Wen Y, Huang Z, Zhang X, Gao B, He Y. Correlation between PON1 gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: a Meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:20343-20348. [PMID: 26884950 PMCID: PMC4723795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A number of studies have investigated the relationship between the PON1 gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk, but the conclusions are not consistent. In this paper, a meta-analysis was conducted to explore the possible reasons for these inconsistencies, expecting to further clarify the correlation between PON1 gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. METHODS After searches in the database such as MEDLINE, EBSCO, ProQuest, Google Scholar, High-Wire, SID (Scientific Information Database) and PubMed, 7 literatures were collected. RevMan 5.2 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Random-effects or fixed-effects model was used to analyze the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The analysis of L55M single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed that M allele frequency was positively correlated with the incidence risk of breast cancer (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.03-1.74). While we did not found Q192R polymorphism associated with the risk of breast cancer (OR=1.0, 95% CI: 0.71-1.42). CONCLUSION For PON1 gene, the frequencies of M allele were associated with the incidence risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayuan Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400042, P. R. China
| | - Zemin Huang
- Chinese Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing 100094, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400042, P. R. China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400042, P. R. China
| | - Yujun He
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400042, P. R. China
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30
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LINE-1 in cancer: multifaceted functions and potential clinical implications. Genet Med 2015; 18:431-9. [DOI: 10.1038/gim.2015.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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31
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van Veldhoven K, Polidoro S, Baglietto L, Severi G, Sacerdote C, Panico S, Mattiello A, Palli D, Masala G, Krogh V, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Frasca G, Flower K, Curry E, Orr N, Tomczyk K, Jones ME, Ashworth A, Swerdlow A, Chadeau-Hyam M, Lund E, Garcia-Closas M, Sandanger TM, Flanagan JM, Vineis P. Epigenome-wide association study reveals decreased average methylation levels years before breast cancer diagnosis. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:67. [PMID: 26244061 PMCID: PMC4524428 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interest in the potential of DNA methylation in peripheral blood as a biomarker of cancer risk is increasing. We aimed to assess whether epigenome-wide DNA methylation measured in peripheral blood samples obtained before onset of the disease is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. We report on three independent prospective nested case-control studies from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Italy; n = 162 matched case-control pairs), the Norwegian Women and Cancer study (NOWAC; n = 168 matched pairs), and the Breakthrough Generations Study (BGS; n = 548 matched pairs). We used the Illumina 450k array to measure methylation in the EPIC and NOWAC cohorts. Whole-genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS) was performed on the BGS cohort using pooled DNA samples, combined to reach 50× coverage across ~16 million CpG sites in the genome including 450k array CpG sites. Mean β values over all probes were calculated as a measurement for epigenome-wide methylation. RESULTS In EPIC, we found that high epigenome-wide methylation was associated with lower risk of breast cancer (odds ratio (OR) per 1 SD = 0.61, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.80; -0.2 % average difference in epigenome-wide methylation for cases and controls). Specifically, this was observed in gene bodies (OR = 0.51, 95 % CI 0.38-0.69) but not in gene promoters (OR = 0.92, 95 % CI 0.64-1.32). The association was not replicated in NOWAC (OR = 1.03 95 % CI 0.81-1.30). The reasons for heterogeneity across studies are unclear. However, data from the BGS cohort was consistent with epigenome-wide hypomethylation in breast cancer cases across the overlapping 450k probe sites (difference in average epigenome-wide methylation in case and control DNA pools = -0.2 %). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that epigenome-wide hypomethylation of DNA from pre-diagnostic blood samples may be predictive of breast cancer risk and may thus be useful as a clinical biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin van Veldhoven
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG UK.,HuGeF Foundation, 52, Via Nizza, Torino, 10126 Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Salvatore Panico
- Departimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Amalia Mattiello
- Departimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Kirsty Flower
- Epigenetics Unit, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 4th Floor IRDB, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN UK
| | - Ed Curry
- Epigenetics Unit, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 4th Floor IRDB, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN UK
| | - Nicholas Orr
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Katarzyna Tomczyk
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Michael E Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.,Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG UK
| | - Eiliv Lund
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.,Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - James M Flanagan
- Epigenetics Unit, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 4th Floor IRDB, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG UK.,HuGeF Foundation, 52, Via Nizza, Torino, 10126 Italy
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32
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Agodi A, Barchitta M, Quattrocchi A, Maugeri A, Canto C, Marchese AE, Vinciguerra M. Low fruit consumption and folate deficiency are associated with LINE-1 hypomethylation in women of a cancer-free population. GENES AND NUTRITION 2015; 10:480. [PMID: 26183162 PMCID: PMC4504850 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-015-0480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Several dietary agents, such as micronutrient and non-nutrient components, the so-called bioactive food components, have been shown to display anticancer properties and influence genetic processes. The most common epigenetic change is DNA methylation. Hypomethylation of long interspersed elements (LINE-1) has been associated with an increased risk of several cancers, although conflicting findings have also been observed. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and folate deficiency may cause LINE-1 hypomethylation in blood leukocytes of healthy women, and thus genomic instability. One hundred and seventy-seven non-pregnant women were enrolled. Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and folate intake were calculated using a food frequency questionnaire. LINE-1 methylation level was measured by pyrosequencing analysis in three CpG sites of LINE-1 promoter. According to MDS, only 9.6 % of subjects achieved a high adherence to MD. Taking into account the use of supplements, there was a high prevalence of folate deficiency (73.4 %). Women whose consumption of fruit was below the median value (i.e., <201 gr/day) were 3.7 times more likely to display LINE-1 hypomethylation than women whose consumption was above the median value (OR 3.7; 95 % CI 1.4–9.5). Similarly, women with folate deficiency were 3.6 times more likely to display LINE-1 hypomethylation than women with no folate deficiency (OR 3.6; 95 % CI 1.1–12.1). A dietary pattern characterized by low fruit consumption and folate deficiency is associated with LINE-1 hypomethylation and with cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Agodi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95121, Catania, Italy,
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Mobilization of LINE-1 in irradiated mammary gland tissue may potentially contribute to low dose radiation-induced genomic instability. Genes Cancer 2015; 6:71-81. [PMID: 25821563 PMCID: PMC4362486 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that cellular stresses such as ionizing radiation activate LINE-1 (long interspersed nuclear element type 1, L1), but the molecular mechanisms of LINE-1 activation have not been fully elucidated. There is a possibility that DNA methylation changes induced by genotoxic stresses might contribute to LINE-1 activation in mammalian cells. L1 insertions usually cause major genomic rearrangements, such as deletions, transductions, the intrachromosomal homologous recombination between L1s, and the generation of pseudogenes, which could lead to genomic instability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low and high doses of ionizing radiation on the DNA methylation status of LINE-1 transposable elements in rat mammary glands. Here we describe radiation-induced hypomethylation and activation of LINE-1 ORF1 in rat mammary gland tissues. We show that radiation exposure has also led to the translation of the LINE-1 element, whereby the 148 kDa LINE-1 protein level was increased 96 hours after treatment with a low dose and low energy level radiation and remained elevated for 24 weeks after treatment. The mobilization of LINE-1 in irradiated tissue may potentially contribute to genomic instability. The observed activation of mobile elements in response to radiation exposure is consistently discussed as a plausible mechanism of cancer etiology and development.
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Goodrich JM, Sánchez BN, Dolinoy DC, Zhang Z, Hernández-Ávila M, Hu H, Peterson KE, Téllez-Rojo MM. Quality control and statistical modeling for environmental epigenetics: a study on in utero lead exposure and DNA methylation at birth. Epigenetics 2015; 10:19-30. [PMID: 25580720 DOI: 10.4161/15592294.2014.989077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation data assayed using pyrosequencing techniques are increasingly being used in human cohort studies to investigate associations between epigenetic modifications at candidate genes and exposures to environmental toxicants and to examine environmentally-induced epigenetic alterations as a mechanism underlying observed toxicant-health outcome associations. For instance, in utero lead (Pb) exposure is a neurodevelopmental toxicant of global concern that has also been linked to altered growth in human epidemiological cohorts; a potential mechanism of this association is through alteration of DNA methylation (e.g., at growth-related genes). However, because the associations between toxicants and DNA methylation might be weak, using appropriate quality control and statistical methods is important to increase reliability and power of such studies. Using a simulation study, we compared potential approaches to estimate toxicant-DNA methylation associations that varied by how methylation data were analyzed (repeated measures vs. averaging all CpG sites) and by method to adjust for batch effects (batch controls vs. random effects). We demonstrate that correcting for batch effects using plate controls yields unbiased associations, and that explicitly modeling the CpG site-specific variances and correlations among CpG sites increases statistical power. Using the recommended approaches, we examined the association between DNA methylation (in LINE-1 and growth related genes IGF2, H19 and HSD11B2) and 3 biomarkers of Pb exposure (Pb concentrations in umbilical cord blood, maternal tibia, and maternal patella), among mother-infant pairs of the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) cohort (n = 247). Those with 10 μg/g higher patella Pb had, on average, 0.61% higher IGF2 methylation (P = 0.05). Sex-specific trends between Pb and DNA methylation (P < 0.1) were observed among girls including a 0.23% increase in HSD11B2 methylation with 10 μg/g higher patella Pb.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- DMR, differentially methylated region
- DNA methylation
- ELEMENT, early life exposures in Mexico to environmental toxicants
- GEE, generalized estimating equation
- GLM, general linear model
- H19, H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript (non-protein coding)
- HSD11B2, hydroxysteroid (11-β) dehydrogenase 2
- IGF2, insulin-like growth factor 2
- K-XRF, K X-ray fluorescence
- LINE-1, long interspersed element-1
- OLS, ordinary linear regression
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- Pb, lead
- environmental exposure
- lead
- pyrosequencing
- quality control
- statistical methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn M Goodrich
- a Department of Environmental Health Sciences ; University of Michigan School of Public Health ; Ann Arbor , MI USA
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Barrow TM, Michels KB. Epigenetic epidemiology of cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 455:70-83. [PMID: 25124661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic epidemiology includes the study of variation in epigenetic traits and the risk of disease in populations. Its application to the field of cancer has provided insight into how lifestyle and environmental factors influence the epigenome and how epigenetic events may be involved in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, it has the potential to bring benefit to patients through the identification of diagnostic markers that enable the early detection of disease and prognostic markers that can inform upon appropriate treatment strategies. However, there are a number of challenges associated with the conduct of such studies, and with the identification of biomarkers that can be applied to the clinical setting. In this review, we delineate the challenges faced in the design of epigenetic epidemiology studies in cancer, including the suitability of blood as a surrogate tissue and the capture of genome-wide DNA methylation. We describe how epigenetic epidemiology has brought insight into risk factors associated with lung, breast, colorectal and bladder cancer and review relevant research. We discuss recent findings on the identification of epigenetic diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Barrow
- Institute for Prevention and Tumor Epidemiology, Freiburg Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106, Germany; German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Karin B Michels
- Institute for Prevention and Tumor Epidemiology, Freiburg Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106, Germany; Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Kagohara LT, Schussel JL, Subbannayya T, Sahasrabuddhe N, Lebron C, Brait M, Maldonado L, Valle BL, Pirini F, Jahuira M, Lopez J, Letelier P, Brebi-Mieville P, Ili C, Pandey A, Chatterjee A, Sidransky D, Guerrero-Preston R. Global and gene-specific DNA methylation pattern discriminates cholecystitis from gallbladder cancer patients in Chile. Future Oncol 2014; 11:233-49. [PMID: 25066711 PMCID: PMC4332836 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of global and gene-specific DNA methylation changes as potential biomarkers for gallbladder cancer (GBC) in a cohort from Chile. MATERIAL & METHODS DNA methylation was analyzed through an ELISA-based technique and quantitative methylation-specific PCR. RESULTS Global DNA Methylation Index (p = 0.02) and promoter methylation of SSBP2 (p = 0.01) and ESR1 (p = 0.05) were significantly different in GBC when compared with cholecystitis. Receiver curve operator analysis revealed promoter methylation of APC, CDKN2A, ESR1, PGP9.5 and SSBP2, together with the Global DNA Methylation Index, had 71% sensitivity, 95% specificity, a 0.97 area under the curve and a positive predictive value of 90%. CONCLUSION Global and gene-specific DNA methylation may be useful biomarkers for GBC clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Tsukamoto Kagohara
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Juliana L Schussel
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cynthia Lebron
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Mariana Brait
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Leonel Maldonado
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Blanca L Valle
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Francesca Pirini
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Martha Jahuira
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jaime Lopez
- Universidad de La Frontera, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Laboratorio Patología Molecular, BIOREN-CEGIN, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pablo Letelier
- Universidad de La Frontera, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Laboratorio Patología Molecular, BIOREN-CEGIN, Temuco, Chile
- Escuela Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Priscilla Brebi-Mieville
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Universidad de La Frontera, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Laboratorio Patología Molecular, BIOREN-CEGIN, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carmen Ili
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Universidad de La Frontera, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Laboratorio Patología Molecular, BIOREN-CEGIN, Temuco, Chile
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- McKusick–Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066, Karnataka, India
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Rafael Guerrero-Preston
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Jenkins TG, Aston KI, Pflueger C, Cairns BR, Carrell DT. Age-associated sperm DNA methylation alterations: possible implications in offspring disease susceptibility. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004458. [PMID: 25010591 PMCID: PMC4091790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence demonstrates a role for paternal aging on offspring disease susceptibility. It is well established that various neuropsychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, autism, etc.), trinucleotide expansion associated diseases (myotonic dystrophy, Huntington's, etc.) and even some forms of cancer have increased incidence in the offspring of older fathers. Despite strong epidemiological evidence that these alterations are more common in offspring sired by older fathers, in most cases the mechanisms that drive these processes are unclear. However, it is commonly believed that epigenetics, and specifically DNA methylation alterations, likely play a role. In this study we have investigated the impact of aging on DNA methylation in mature human sperm. Using a methylation array approach we evaluated changes to sperm DNA methylation patterns in 17 fertile donors by comparing the sperm methylome of 2 samples collected from each individual 9-19 years apart. With this design we have identified 139 regions that are significantly and consistently hypomethylated with age and 8 regions that are significantly hypermethylated with age. A representative subset of these alterations have been confirmed in an independent cohort. A total of 117 genes are associated with these regions of methylation alterations (promoter or gene body). Intriguingly, a portion of the age-related changes in sperm DNA methylation are located at genes previously associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. While our data does not establish a causative relationship, it does raise the possibility that the age-associated methylation of the candidate genes that we observe in sperm might contribute to the increased incidence of neuropsychiatric and other disorders in the offspring of older males. However, further study is required to determine whether, and to what extent, a causative relationship exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy G. Jenkins
- Andrology and IVF Laboratories, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Kenneth I. Aston
- Andrology and IVF Laboratories, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Christian Pflueger
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Bradley R. Cairns
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BRC); (DTC)
| | - Douglas T. Carrell
- Andrology and IVF Laboratories, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BRC); (DTC)
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Li L, Ma Y, Jin C, Zheng Q, Yang L. Polymorphism of cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase and breast cancer risk: evidence from a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:7361-7. [PMID: 24789272 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1964-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism has been presumed to influence cancer pathogenesis. Cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase (cSHMT) is a critical enzyme in one-carbon metabolism pathway. Until now, many studies have investigated the association between cSHMT (also named SHMT1) C1420T polymorphism and breast cancer risk. However, the results remained conflicting rather than conclusive. Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases until December 2013 to identify studies investigating the association of SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism with breast cancer risk. The strength of the association was assessed by the summary odd ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI). Seven studies with a total of 5,534 cases and 6,581 controls were included. Overall, no association was detected between SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism and breast cancer risk (T vs. C, OR = 0.97, 95 % CI = 0.92-1.03). In the subgroup analysis based on ethnicity, SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism has shown a protective effect on breast cancer in Asians (T vs. C, OR = 0.78, 95 % CI = 0.66-0.93) but not in Caucasian (T/T vs. C/C, OR = 0.98, 95 % CI = 0.86-1.12). Significant heterogeneity across studies could be observed in some genetic comparison models in the overall estimation (C/T vs. C/C, P het = 0.004; T/T+C/T vs. C/C, P het = 0.006) but turned to be mild in all comparison models when stratified by ethnicity. Our meta-analysis failed to detect association between SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism and breast cancer risk. However, we found evidence for association of SHMT1 C1420T polymorphism with significantly reduced risk of breast cancer in Asians. Further well-designed studies with larger sample size and better selected controls are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
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Global methylation levels in peripheral blood leukocyte DNA by LUMA and breast cancer: a case-control study in Japanese women. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:2765-71. [PMID: 24786600 PMCID: PMC4037832 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global hypomethylation has been suggested to cause genomic instability and lead to an increased risk of cancer. We examined the association between the global methylation level of peripheral blood leukocyte DNA and breast cancer among Japanese women. METHODS We conducted a hospital-based case-control study of 384 patients aged 20-74 years with newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer, and 384 matched controls from medical checkup examinees in Nagano, Japan. Global methylation levels in leukocyte DNA were measured by LUminometric Methylation Assay. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between global hypomethylation and breast cancer were estimated using a logistic regression model. RESULTS Compared with women in the highest tertile of global methylation level, ORs for the second and lowest tertiles were 1.87 (95% CI=1.20-2.91) and 2.86 (95% CI=1.85-4.44), respectively. Global methylation levels were significantly lower in cases than controls, regardless of the hormone receptor status of the cancer (all P values for trend <0.05). INTERPRETATION These findings suggest that the global methylation level of peripheral blood leukocyte DNA is low in patients with breast cancer and may be a potential biomarker for breast cancer risk.
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40
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Batra JS, Girdhani S, Hlatky L. A Quest to Identify Prostate Cancer Circulating Biomarkers with a Bench-to-Bedside Potential. J Biomark 2014; 2014:321680. [PMID: 26317031 PMCID: PMC4437363 DOI: 10.1155/2014/321680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCA) is a major health concern in current times. Ever since prostate specific antigen (PSA) was introduced in clinical practice almost three decades ago, the diagnosis and management of PCA have been revolutionized. With time, concerns arose as to the inherent shortcomings of this biomarker and alternatives were actively sought. Over the past decade new PCA biomarkers have been identified in tissue, blood, urine, and other body fluids that offer improved specificity and supplement our knowledge of disease progression. This review focuses on superiority of circulating biomarkers over tissue biomarkers due to the advantages of being more readily accessible, minimally invasive (blood) or noninvasive (urine), accessible for sampling on regular intervals, and easily utilized for follow-up after surgery or other treatment modalities. Some of the circulating biomarkers like PCA3, IL-6, and TMPRSS2-ERG are now detectable by commercially available kits while others like microRNAs (miR-21, -221, -141) and exosomes hold potential to become available as multiplexed assays. In this paper, we will review some of these potential candidate circulating biomarkers that either individually or in combination, once validated with large-scale trials, may eventually get utilized clinically for improved diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Singh Batra
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, GeneSys Research Institute, Tufts University, School of Medicine, 736 Cambridge Street, SEMC-CBR112, Boston, MA 02135, USA
| | - Swati Girdhani
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, GeneSys Research Institute, Tufts University, School of Medicine, 736 Cambridge Street, SEMC-CBR112, Boston, MA 02135, USA
| | - Lynn Hlatky
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, GeneSys Research Institute, Tufts University, School of Medicine, 736 Cambridge Street, SEMC-CBR112, Boston, MA 02135, USA
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Neilson HK, Conroy SM, Friedenreich CM. The Influence of Energetic Factors on Biomarkers of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk. Curr Nutr Rep 2013; 3:22-34. [PMID: 24563822 PMCID: PMC3921460 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-013-0069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Strong and consistent evidence exists that physical activity reduces breast cancer risk by 10-25 %, and several proposed biologic mechanisms have now been investigated in randomized, controlled, exercise intervention trials. Leading hypothesized mechanisms relating to postmenopausal breast cancer include adiposity, endogenous sex hormones, insulin resistance, and chronic low-grade inflammation. In addition, other pathways are emerging as potentially important, including those involving oxidative stress and telomere length, global DNA hypomethylation, immune function, and vitamin D exposure. Recent exercise trials in overweight/obese postmenopausal women implicate weight loss as a mechanism whereby exercise induces favorable changes in circulating estradiol levels and other biomarkers as well. Still it is plausible that some exercise-induced biomarker changes do not require loss of body fat, whereas others depend on abdominal fat loss. We highlight the latest findings from randomized, controlled trials of healthy postmenopausal women, relating exercise to proposed biomarkers for postmenopausal breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather K Neilson
- Department of Population Health Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Quarry Park, c/o 10101 Southport Rd SW, Calgary, Alberta T2W 3N2 Canada
| | - Shannon M Conroy
- Department of Population Health Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Quarry Park, c/o 10101 Southport Rd SW, Calgary, Alberta T2W 3N2 Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Population Health Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Quarry Park, c/o 10101 Southport Rd SW, Calgary, Alberta T2W 3N2 Canada ; Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N2 Canada ; Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 1331 29 St. N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N2 Canada
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Delgado-Cruzata L, Wu HC, Liao Y, Santella RM, Terry MB. Differences in DNA methylation by extent of breast cancer family history in unaffected women. Epigenetics 2013; 9:243-8. [PMID: 24172832 DOI: 10.4161/epi.26880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer clusters within families but genetic factors identified to date explain only a portion of this clustering. Lower global DNA methylation in white blood cells (WBC) has been associated with increased breast cancer risk. We examined whether WBC DNA methylation varies by extent of breast cancer family history in unaffected women from high-risk breast cancer families. We evaluated DNA methylation levels in LINE-1, Alu and Sat2 in 333 cancer-free female family members of the New York site of the Breast Cancer Family Registry, the minority of which were known BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. We used generalized estimated equation models to test for differences in DNA methylation levels by extent of their breast cancer family history after adjusting for age. All unaffected women had at least one sister affected with breast cancer. LINE-1 and Sat2 DNA methylation levels were lower in individuals with 3 or more (3+) first-degree relatives with breast cancer relative to women with only one first-degree relative. For LINE-1, Alu, and Sat2, having 3+ affected first-degree relatives was associated with a decrease of 23.4% (95%CI = -46.8%, 0.1%), 17.9% (95%CI = -39.5%, 3.7%) and 11.4% (95% CI = -20.3%, -2.5%), respectively, relative to individuals with only one affected first-degree relative, but the results were only statistically significant for Sat2. Individuals having an affected mother had 17.9% lower LINE-1 DNA methylation levels (95% CI = -28.8%, -7.1%) when compared with those not having an affected mother. No associations were observed for Alu or Sat2 by maternal breast cancer status. If replicated, these results indicate that lower global WBC DNA methylation levels in families with extensive cancer histories may be one explanation for the clustering of cancers in these families. Family clustering of disease may reflect epigenetic as well as genetic and shared environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lissette Delgado-Cruzata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences; Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University; New York, NY USA; Department of Science; John Jay College of Criminal Justice; City University of New York; New York, NY USA
| | - Hui-Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences; Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University; New York, NY USA; Department of Epidemiology; Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University; New York, NY USA
| | - Yuyan Liao
- Department of Epidemiology; Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University; New York, NY USA
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences; Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University; New York, NY USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center; Columbia University Medical Center; New York, NY USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology; Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University; New York, NY USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center; Columbia University Medical Center; New York, NY USA
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