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Yang K, Zhu L, Liu C, Zhou D, Zhu Z, Xu N, Li W. Current status and prospect of the DNA double-strand break repair pathway in colorectal cancer development and treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167438. [PMID: 39059591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Double-strand break (DSB) is the most severe type of DNA damage. However, few reviews have thoroughly examined the involvement of DSB in CRC. Latest researches demonstrated that DSB repair plays an important role in CRC. For example, DSB-related genes such as BRCA1, Ku-70 and DNA polymerase theta (POLQ) are associated with the occurrence of CRC, and POLQ even showed to affect the prognosis and resistance for radiotherapy in CRC. This review comprehensively summarizes the DSB role in CRC, explores the mechanisms and discusses the association with CRC treatment. Four pathways for DSB have been demonstrated. 1. Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is the major pathway. Its core genes including Ku70 and Ku80 bind to broken ends and recruit repair factors to form a complex that mediates the connection of DNA breaks. 2. Homologous recombination (HR) is another important pathway. Its key genes including BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in finding, pairing, and joining broken ends, and ensure the restoration of breaks in a normal double-stranded DNA structure. 3. Single-strand annealing (SSA) pathway, and 4. POLθ-mediated end-joining (alt-EJ) is a backup pathway. This paper elucidates roles of the DSB repair pathways in CRC, which could contribute to the development of potential new treatment approaches and provide new opportunities for CRC treatment and more individualized treatment options based on therapeutic strategies targeting these DNA repair pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming 650106, China; Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lihua Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China; Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Dayang Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming 650106, China; Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China; Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Wenliang Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming 650106, China; Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
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2
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Chen K, Li T, Diao H, Wang Q, Zhou X, Huang Z, Wang M, Mao Z, Yang Y, Yu W. SIRT7 knockdown promotes gemcitabine sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cell via upregulation of GLUT3 expression. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217109. [PMID: 39002692 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Gemcitabine serves as a first-line chemotherapeutic treatment for pancreatic cancer (PC), but it is prone to rapid drug resistance. Increasing the sensitivity of PC to gemcitabine has long been a focus of research. Fasting interventions may augment the effects of chemotherapy and present new options. SIRT7 is known to link metabolism with various cellular processes through post-translational modifications. We found upregulation of SIRT7 in PC cells is associated with poor prognosis and gemcitabine resistance. Cross-analysis of RNA-seq and ATAC-seq data suggested that GLUT3 might be a downstream target gene of SIRT7. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that SIRT7 directly interacts with the enhancer region of GLUT3 to desuccinylate H3K122. Our group's another study revealed that GLUT3 can transport gemcitabine in breast cancer cells. Here, we found GLUT3 KD reduces the sensitivity of PC cells to gemcitabine, and SIRT7 KD-associated gemcitabine-sensitizing could be reversed by GLUT3 KD. While fasting mimicking induced upregulation of SIRT7 expression in PC cells, knocking down SIRT7 enhanced sensitivity to gemcitabine through upregulating GLUT3 expression. We further confirmed the effect of SIRT7 deficiency on the sensitivity of gemcitabine under fasting conditions using a mouse xenograft model. In summary, our study demonstrates that SIRT7 can regulate GLUT3 expression by binding to its enhancer and altering H3K122 succinylation levels, thus affecting gemcitabine sensitivity in PC cells. Additionally, combining SIRT7 knockdown with fasting may improve the efficacy of gemcitabine. This unveils a novel mechanism by which SIRT7 influences gemcitabine sensitivity in PC and offer innovative strategies for clinical combination therapy with gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tiane Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Honglin Diao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qikai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zebin Mao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yinmo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Wenhua Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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3
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Xie C, Chen X, Chen Y, Wang X, Zuo J, Zheng A, Luo Z, Cheng X, Zhong S, Jiang J, Du J, Zhao Y, Jiang P, Zhang W, Chen D, Pan H, Shen L, Zhu B, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Tang KF. Mutual communication between radiosensitive and radioresistant esophageal cancer cells modulates their radiosensitivity. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:846. [PMID: 38114473 PMCID: PMC10730729 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an important treatment modality for patients with esophageal cancer; however, the response to radiation varies among different tumor subpopulations due to tumor heterogeneity. Cancer cells that survive radiotherapy (i.e., radioresistant) may proliferate, ultimately resulting in cancer relapse. However, the interaction between radiosensitive and radioresistant cancer cells remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that the mutual communication between radiosensitive and radioresistant esophageal cancer cells modulated their radiosensitivity. Radiosensitive cells secreted more exosomal let-7a and less interleukin-6 (IL-6) than radioresistant cells. Exosomal let-7a secreted by radiosensitive cells increased the radiosensitivity of radioresistant cells, whereas IL-6 secreted by radioresistant cells decreased the radiosensitivity of radiosensitive cells. Although the serum levels of let-7a and IL-6 before radiotherapy did not vary significantly between patients with radioresistant and radiosensitive diseases, radiotherapy induced a more pronounced decrease in serum let-7a levels and a greater increase in serum IL-6 levels in patients with radioresistant cancer compared to those with radiosensitive cancer. The percentage decrease in serum let-7a and the percentage increase in serum IL-6 levels at the early stage of radiotherapy were inversely associated with tumor regression after radiotherapy. Our findings suggest that early changes in serum let-7a and IL-6 levels may be used as a biomarker to predict the response to radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer and provide new insights into subsequent treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Xie
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Wenzhou key Laboratory of basic science and translational research of radiation oncology, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yueming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jiwei Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shouhui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jizao Du
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuemei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Didi Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Huanle Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lanxiao Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Baoling Zhu
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Wenzhou key Laboratory of basic science and translational research of radiation oncology, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qingyu Zhou
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Wenzhou key Laboratory of basic science and translational research of radiation oncology, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Fu Tang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, Chongqing, P. R. China.
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4
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Du G, Yang R, Qiu J, Xia J. Multifaceted Influence of Histone Deacetylases on DNA Damage Repair: Implications for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:231-243. [PMID: 36406320 PMCID: PMC9647118 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Nevertheless, genomic instability has been recognized as one of the facilitating characteristics of cancer hallmarks that expedites the acquisition of genetic diversity. Genomic instability is associated with a greater tendency to accumulate DNA damage and tumor-specific DNA repair defects, which gives rise to gene mutations and chromosomal damage and causes oncogenic transformation and tumor progression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been shown to impair a variety of cellular processes of genome stability, including the regulation of DNA damage and repair, reactive oxygen species generation and elimination, and progression to mitosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of HDAC in the different aspects of DNA repair and genome instability in HCC as well as the current progress on the development of HDAC-specific inhibitors as new cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruizhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianguo Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence to: Jie Xia, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, No. 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel/Fax: +86-23-68486780, E-mail: ; Jianguo Qiu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 You Yi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel: +86-23-68486780, Fax: +86-23-89011016, E-mail:
| | - Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence to: Jie Xia, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, No. 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel/Fax: +86-23-68486780, E-mail: ; Jianguo Qiu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 You Yi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel: +86-23-68486780, Fax: +86-23-89011016, E-mail:
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5
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Hou L, Xing N, Yue Z, Wu J, Wang F, Guo Z. Dicer induced reactive oxygen species inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma through interacting with cytochrome c oxidase. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2082318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Na Xing
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Animal Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Fujun Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Zhanjun Guo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
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Aricthota S, Rana PP, Haldar D. Histone acetylation dynamics in repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Front Genet 2022; 13:926577. [PMID: 36159966 PMCID: PMC9503837 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.926577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Packaging of eukaryotic genome into chromatin is a major obstacle to cells encountering DNA damage caused by external or internal agents. For maintaining genomic integrity, the double-strand breaks (DSB) must be efficiently repaired, as these are the most deleterious type of DNA damage. The DNA breaks have to be detected in chromatin context, the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways have to be activated to repair breaks either by non‐ homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair. It is becoming clearer now that chromatin is not a mere hindrance to DDR, it plays active role in sensing, detection and repair of DNA damage. The repair of DSB is governed by the reorganization of the pre-existing chromatin, leading to recruitment of specific machineries, chromatin remodelling complexes, histone modifiers to bring about dynamic alterations in histone composition, nucleosome positioning, histone modifications. In response to DNA break, modulation of chromatin occurs via various mechanisms including post-translational modification of histones. DNA breaks induce many types of histone modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation on specific histone residues which are signal and context dependent. DNA break induced histone modifications have been reported to function in sensing the breaks, activating processing of breaks by specific pathways, and repairing damaged DNA to ensure integrity of the genome. Favourable environment for DSB repair is created by generating open and relaxed chromatin structure. Histone acetylation mediate de-condensation of chromatin and recruitment of DSB repair proteins to their site of action at the DSB to facilitate repair. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding on the critical role of histone acetylation in inducing changes both in chromatin organization and promoting recruitment of DSB repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. It consists of an overview of function and regulation of the deacetylase enzymes which remove these marks and the function of histone acetylation and regulators of acetylation in genome surveillance.
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Pressure Loading Induces DNA Damage in Human Hepatocyte Line L02 Cells via the ERK1/2-Dicer Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105342. [PMID: 35628153 PMCID: PMC9140865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration of liver tissue mechanical microenvironment is proven to be a key factor for causing hepatocyte injury and even triggering the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma; however, the underlying mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In this study, using a customized, pressure-loading device, we assess the effect of pressure loading on DNA damage in human hepatocytes. We show that pressure loading leads to DNA damage and S-phase arresting in the cell cycle, and activates the DNA damage response in hepatocytes. Meanwhile, pressure loading upregulates Dicer expression, and its silencing exacerbates pressure-induced DNA damage. Moreover, pressure loading also activates ERK1/2 signaling molecules. Blockage of ERK1/2 signaling inhibits pressure-upregulated Dicer expression and exacerbates DNA damage by suppressing DNA damage response in hepatocytes. Our findings demonstrate that compressive stress loading induces hepatocyte DNA damage through the ERK1/2–Dicer signaling pathway, which provides evidence for a better understanding of the link between the altered mechanical environment and liver diseases.
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Roy P, Das A, Singh A, Panda J, Bhattacharya A, Gehani A, Parihar M, KS R, Achari R, Alaggio R, Field A, Hill DA, Dehner LP, Schultz KAP. Phenotypic similarities within the morphologic spectrum of DICER1-associated sarcomas and pleuropulmonary blastoma: Histopathologic features guide diagnosis in the LMIC setting. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29466. [PMID: 34913555 PMCID: PMC9248686 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Extrapulmonary DICER1-associated sarcomas (DS) can harbor morphological features overlapping with pleuropulmonary blastoma. We report three children with intracranial and genital tract sarcomas, suspected to have DS based on a heterogeneous yet defining combination of spindle-cell sarcomatous and blastemal morphology, with rhabdomyomatous differentiation. Foci of immature cartilage at diagnosis (n = 2/3) and increased neuroepithelial differentiation at recurrence (n = 1) were noted. Morphological suspicion prompted somatic testing at reference centers, confirming likely biallelic, loss-of-function, and "hotspot" missense DICER1 variants in all three tumors. This can serve as a model for this diagnosis in resource-limited settings and has implications for germline testing, surveillance, and tumor management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joyshree Panda
- Department of Pathology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Anisha Gehani
- Department of Radiology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | - Mayur Parihar
- Department of Cytogenetics, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | - Reghu KS
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | - Rimpa Achari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | - Rita Alaggio
- IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu, Roma; Professor university of Padova, Italy; Adjunct Professor University of Pittsburgh
| | | | - D. Ashley Hill
- Division of Pathology, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University School of Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA and ResourcePath LLC, Sterling, VA, USA
| | - Louis P Dehner
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kris Ann P. Schultz
- International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma/DICER1 Registry, Children’s Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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9
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Chavez-Dominguez RL, Perez-Medina MA, Lopez-Gonzalez JS, Galicia-Velasco M, Matias-Florentino M, Avila-Rios S, Rumbo-Nava U, Salgado-Aguayo A, Gonzalez-Gonzalez C, Aguilar-Cazares D. Role of HMGB1 in Cisplatin-Persistent Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Front Oncol 2021; 11:750677. [PMID: 34966671 PMCID: PMC8710495 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.750677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant advances have been made recently in the development of targeted therapy for lung adenocarcinoma. However, platinum-based chemotherapy remains as the cornerstone in the treatment of this neoplasm. This is the treatment option for adenocarcinomas without EGFR gain-of-function mutations or tumors that have developed resistance to targeted therapy. The High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a multifunctional protein involved in intrinsic resistance to cisplatin. HMGB1 is released when cytotoxic agents, such as cisplatin, induce cell death. In the extracellular milieu, HMGB1 acts as adjuvant to induce an antitumor immune response. However, the opposite effect favoring tumor progression has also been reported. In this study, the effects of cisplatin in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines harboring clinically relevant mutations, such as EGFR mutations, were studied. Subcellular localization of HMGB1 was detected in the cell lines and in viable cells after a single exposure to cisplatin, which are designated as cisplatin-persistent cells. The mRNA expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), TLR-2, and TLR-4 receptors was measured in parental cell lines and their persistent variants. Finally, changes in plasma HMGB1 from a cohort of lung adenocarcinoma patients without EGFR mutation and treated with cisplatin-based therapy were analyzed. Cisplatin-susceptible lung adenocarcinoma cell lines died by apoptosis or necrosis and released HMGB1. In cisplatin-persistent cells, nuclear relocalization of HMGB1 and overexpression of HMGB1 and RAGE, but not TLR-2 or TLR-4, were observed. In tumor cells, this HMGB1–RAGE interaction may be associated with the development of cisplatin resistance. The results indicate a direct relationship between the plasma levels of HMGB1 and overall survival. In conclusion, HMGB1 may be an effective biomarker associated with increased overall survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo L Chavez-Dominguez
- Laboratorio de Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mario A Perez-Medina
- Laboratorio de Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Quimioterapia Experimental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jose S Lopez-Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miriam Galicia-Velasco
- Laboratorio de Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico
| | - Margarita Matias-Florentino
- Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico
| | - Santiago Avila-Rios
- Centro de Investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico
| | - Uriel Rumbo-Nava
- Clinica de Neumo-Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Salgado-Aguayo
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Reumaticas, Departmento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Dolores Aguilar-Cazares
- Laboratorio de Cancer Pulmonar, Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico, Mexico
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10
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Azwar S, Seow HF, Abdullah M, Faisal Jabar M, Mohtarrudin N. Recent Updates on Mechanisms of Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil and Reversal Strategies in Colon Cancer Treatment. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:854. [PMID: 34571731 PMCID: PMC8466833 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) plus leucovorin (LV) remain as the mainstay standard adjuvant chemotherapy treatment for early stage colon cancer, and the preferred first-line option for metastatic colon cancer patients in combination with oxaliplatin in FOLFOX, or irinotecan in FOLFIRI regimens. Despite treatment success to a certain extent, the incidence of chemotherapy failure attributed to chemotherapy resistance is still reported in many patients. This resistance, which can be defined by tumor tolerance against chemotherapy, either intrinsic or acquired, is primarily driven by the dysregulation of various components in distinct pathways. In recent years, it has been established that the incidence of 5-FU resistance, akin to multidrug resistance, can be attributed to the alterations in drug transport, evasion of apoptosis, changes in the cell cycle and DNA-damage repair machinery, regulation of autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell involvement, tumor microenvironment interactions, miRNA dysregulations, epigenetic alterations, as well as redox imbalances. Certain resistance mechanisms that are 5-FU-specific have also been ascertained to include the upregulation of thymidylate synthase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and the downregulation of thymidine phosphorylase. Indeed, the successful modulation of these mechanisms have been the game plan of numerous studies that had employed small molecule inhibitors, plant-based small molecules, and non-coding RNA regulators to effectively reverse 5-FU resistance in colon cancer cells. It is hoped that these studies would provide fundamental knowledge to further our understanding prior developing novel drugs in the near future that would synergistically work with 5-FU to potentiate its antitumor effects and improve the patient's overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamin Azwar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Heng Fong Seow
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Maha Abdullah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohd Faisal Jabar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.); (H.F.S.); (M.A.)
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11
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Okuda Y, Shimura T, Iwasaki H, Katano T, Kitagawa M, Nishigaki R, Fukusada S, Natsume M, Tanaka M, Nishie H, Ozeki K, Yamada T, Kataoka H. Serum Exosomal Dicer Is a Useful Biomarker for Early Detection of Differentiated Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Digestion 2021; 102:640-649. [PMID: 33049740 DOI: 10.1159/000510993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM A recent basic study identified that Dicer is contained in exosomes derived from cancer cells and plays crucial roles in microRNA maturation and cancer development. Based on this novel basic concept, we analyzed the usefulness of serum exosomal Dicer as a diagnostic biomarker for gastrointestinal cancers. METHODS Enrolled participants (691) were categorized into 3 groups: gastric cancer (GC) cohort, 183 patients (90 healthy controls (HCs) and 93 GC patients); esophageal cancer (EC) cohort, 115 patients (90 HCs and 25 EC patients); and colorectal cancer (CRC) cohort, 188 patients (92 HCs and 96 CRC patients) after age- and sex matching using the propensity score. The quality of isolated serum exosomes was validated with an electron microscope, particle size analyzer, and exosome marker, CD63. RESULTS Serum exosomal Dicer was significantly higher in the GC group than in the HC group (p = 0.004), whereas no significant differences were found in both EC and CRC cohorts. Serum exosomal Dicer was significantly higher in only differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma and not in the undifferentiated type. Moreover, serum exosomal Dicer showed no significant differences regardless of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) status. The biomarker panel combining serum exosomal Dicer with H. pylori status distinguished between HC and differentiated GC patients with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.762. As for early-stage diagnosis, this combination distinguished between HC and stage I differentiated GC with an AUC = 0.758. CONCLUSIONS Serum exosomal Dicer is a potential noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for early detection of differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Okuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan,
| | - Hiroyasu Iwasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahito Katano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mika Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ruriko Nishigaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shigeki Fukusada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Natsume
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirotada Nishie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiji Ozeki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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12
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Abstract
SIRT7 is a class III histone deacetylase that belongs to the sirtuin family. The past two decades have seen numerous breakthroughs in terms of understanding SIRT7 biological function. We now know that this enzyme is involved in diverse cellular processes, ranging from gene regulation to genome stability, ageing and tumorigenesis. Genomic instability is one hallmark of cancer and ageing; it occurs as a result of excessive DNA damage. To counteract such instability, cells have evolved a sophisticated regulated DNA damage response mechanism that restores normal gene function. SIRT7 seems to have a critical role in this response, and it is recruited to sites of DNA damage where it recruits downstream repair factors and directs chromatin regulation. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of SIRT7 in DNA repair and maintaining genome stability. We pay particular attention to the implications of SIRT7 function in cancer and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Huangqi Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tu
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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13
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Su YH, Hsu TW, Chen HA, Su CM, Huang MT, Chuang TH, Leo Su J, Hsieh CL, Chiu CF. ERK-mediated transcriptional activation of Dicer is involved in gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:4420-4434. [PMID: 33184874 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gemcitabine has been a commonly used therapeutic agent for treatment of pancreatic cancer. In the clinic, a growing resistance to gemcitabine has been observed in patients with pancreatic cancer, and investigation of the underlying mechanism of gemcitabine resistance is urgently required. The microRNA (miRNA)-producing enzyme, Dicer, is crucial for the maturation of miRNAs, and is involved in clinical aggressiveness, poor prognosis, and survival outcomes in various cancers, however, the role of Dicer in acquired gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer is still not clear. Here, we found that Dicer expression was significantly increased in gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 (PANC-1/GEM) cells compared with parental PANC-1 cells and observed a high level of Dicer correlated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Suppression of Dicer obviously decreased gemcitabine resistance in PANC-1/GEM cells; consistently, overexpression of Dicer in PANC-1 cells increased gemcitabine resistance. Moreover, we identified that transcriptional factor Sp1 targeted the promoter region of Dicer and found ERK/Sp1 signaling regulated Dicer expression in PANC-1/GEM cells, as well as positively correlated with pancreatic cancer progression and suggest that targeting the ERK/Sp1/Dicer pathway has potential therapeutic value for pancreatic cancer with acquired resistance to gemcitabine.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/metabolism
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Deoxycytidine/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/enzymology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Ribonuclease III/genetics
- Ribonuclease III/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Transcriptional Activation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Gemcitabine
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hao Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Te Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Hsien Chuang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - J Leo Su
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Chiu
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Genetic Insight into the Domain Structure and Functions of Dicer-Type Ribonucleases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020616. [PMID: 33435485 PMCID: PMC7827160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonuclease Dicer belongs to the family of RNase III endoribonucleases, the enzymes that specifically hydrolyze phosphodiester bonds found in double-stranded regions of RNAs. Dicer enzymes are mostly known for their essential role in the biogenesis of small regulatory RNAs. A typical Dicer-type RNase consists of a helicase domain, a domain of unknown function (DUF283), a PAZ (Piwi-Argonaute-Zwille) domain, two RNase III domains, and a double-stranded RNA binding domain; however, the domain composition of Dicers varies among species. Dicer and its homologues developed only in eukaryotes; nevertheless, the two enzymatic domains of Dicer, helicase and RNase III, display high sequence similarity to their prokaryotic orthologs. Evolutionary studies indicate that a combination of the helicase and RNase III domains in a single protein is a eukaryotic signature and is supposed to be one of the critical events that triggered the consolidation of the eukaryotic RNA interference. In this review, we provide the genetic insight into the domain organization and structure of Dicer proteins found in vertebrate and invertebrate animals, plants and fungi. We also discuss, in the context of the individual domains, domain deletion variants and partner proteins, a variety of Dicers’ functions not only related to small RNA biogenesis pathways.
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15
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Vågbø CB, Slupphaug G. RNA in DNA repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 95:102927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Tong Z, Yan C, Dong YA, Yao M, Zhang H, Liu L, Zheng Y, Zhao P, Wang Y, Fang W, Zhang F, Jiang W. Whole-exome sequencing reveals potential mechanisms of drug resistance to FGFR3-TACC3 targeted therapy and subsequent drug selection: towards a personalized medicine. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:138. [PMID: 32957974 PMCID: PMC7507681 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug resistance is a major obstacle to effective cancer therapy. In order to detect the change in tumor genomic states under drug selection pressure, we use next-generation sequencing technology to investigate the underlying potential mechanisms of drug resistance. Methods In our study, we presented a bladder cancer patient who had been a bona fide responder to first-line gemcitabine plus cisplatin regimen and second-line pazopanib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for FGFR3-TACC3 fusion) but finally had disease progression as an ideal case for showing genomic alteration during drug resistance. We applied whole-exome sequencing and ultra-deep target sequencing to the patient pre- and post- pazopanib resistance. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were used to analysis protein interactions and genomic alterations. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model was built to test drug sensitivity. Results Twelve mutations scattered in 12 genes were identified by WES pre- pazopanib resistance, while 63 mutations in 50 genes arose post- pazopanib resistance. PPI network showed proteins from multiple epigenetic regulator families were involved post- pazopanib resistance, including subunits of chromatin remodeler SWI/SNF complex ARID1A/1B and SMARCA4, histone acetylation writers CREBBP, histone methylation writer NSD1 and erasers KDM6A/5A. GO enrichment analysis showed pazopanib resistance genes were prominently tagged for chromatin modification, transcription, as well as gland development, leaving genes with the best adaptive FGFR TKI-coping mechanisms. In addition, significantly elevated tumor mutational burden suggested possible utility of immunotherapy. Intriguingly, PDX model suggested that, sensitivity to original chemotherapy regimen (cisplatin) was restored in patient tumor post-pazopanib. Conclusions Epigenetic regulation may play a role in acquired TKI resistance. Our study traced the complete tumor genomic variation course from chemo-resistant but TKI-sensitive to TKI-resistant but chemo-(re) sensitive, revealing the potential complex dynamic drug-driven mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Tong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Yu-An Dong
- OrigiMed, Building 3, 115 Xinjun Huan Rd. Minghang, Shanghai, 201114, China
| | - Ming Yao
- OrigiMed, Building 3, 115 Xinjun Huan Rd. Minghang, Shanghai, 201114, China
| | - Hangyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Weijia Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Shanghai LIDE Biotech Co.LTD, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weiqin Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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17
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Zhu X, Cong J, Lin Z, Sun J, Yang B, Li A. Inhibition of HMGB1 Overcomes Resistance to Radiation and Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4189-4199. [PMID: 32523355 PMCID: PMC7236242 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s239243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) on chemoresistance and radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Materials and Methods HMGB1-knockout HK1 cell lines were generated using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system. Western blotting was used to evaluate the protein expression level of HMGB1. DNA repair efficiency of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) was monitored through NHEJ and HR reporter assay. Cellular protein–protein interaction between HMGB1 and NHEJ apparatus was determined by immunoprecipitation. Direct protein–protein interaction was examined by affinity capture assay with purified protein. Protein-DNA binding was evaluated by chromatin fractionation assay. Cell viability assay was employed to measure cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) or cisplatin. Results HMGB1-knockout NPC cells showed significant decrease in NHEJ efficiency. HMGB1 immunoprecipitated NHEJ key factors in NPC cells and promoted DNA-binding activity of Ku70. Mutational analysis revealed that serine 155 of Ku70 was required for its direct interaction with HMGB1. HMGB1 was highly expressed in radio- and chemoresistant NPC cells. Deficiency of HMGB1 sensitized wild-type (WT) and resistant NPC cells to IR and cisplatin. Glycyrrhizin, which is HMGB1 inhibitor, impaired DNA binding of HMGB1 and exhibited excellent synergy with IR and cisplatin. Conclusion HMGB1 promotes NHEJ via interaction with Ku70 resulting in resistance to IR and cisplatin. Inhibition of HMGB1 by glycyrrhizin is a potential therapeutic regimen to treat cisplatin and IR resistant NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianan Cong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changchun City Central Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ben Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Aipeng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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18
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Wu X, Chen X, Liu H, He ZW, Wang Z, Wei LJ, Wang WY, Zhong S, He Q, Zhang Z, Ou R, Gao J, Lei Y, Yang W, Song G, Jin Y, Zhou L, Xu Y, Tang KF. Rescuing Dicer expression in inflamed colon tissues alleviates colitis and prevents colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:5749-5762. [PMID: 32483416 PMCID: PMC7254990 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is known to promote carcinogenesis; Dicer heterozygous mice are more likely to develop colitis-associated tumors. This study investigates whether Dicer is downregulated in inflamed colon tissues before malignancy occurs and whether increasing Dicer expression in inflamed colon tissues can alleviate colitis and prevent colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Methods: Gene expression in colon tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, immunoblots, and real-time RT-PCR. Hydrogen peroxide or N-acetyl-L-cysteine was used to induce or alleviate oxidative stress, respectively. Mice were given azoxymethane followed by dextran sulfate sodium to induce colitis and colon tumors. Berberine, anastrozole, or pranoprofen was used to rescue Dicer expression in inflammatory colon tissues. Results: Oxidative stress repressed Dicer expression in inflamed colon tissues by inducing miR-215 expression. Decreased Dicer expression increased DNA damage and cytosolic DNA and promoted interleukin-6 expression upon hydrogen peroxide treatment. Dicer overexpression in inflamed colon tissues alleviated inflammation and repressed colitis-associated carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we found that anastrozole, berberine, and pranoprofen could promote Dicer expression and protect cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage, thereby reducing cytosolic DNA and partially repressing interleukin-6 expression upon hydrogen peroxide treatment. Rescuing Dicer expression using anastrozole, berberine, or pranoprofen in inflamed colon tissues alleviated colitis and prevented colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Conclusions: Dicer was downregulated in inflamed colon tissues before malignancy occurred. Decreased Dicer expression further exaggerated inflammation, which may promote carcinogenesis. Anastrozole, berberine, and pranoprofen alleviated colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis by promoting Dicer expression. Our study provides insight into potential colitis treatment and colitis-associated colon cancer prevention strategies.
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19
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Ma W, Yang L, Liu H, Chen P, Ren H, Ren P. PAXX is a novel target to overcome resistance to doxorubicin and cisplatin in osteosarcoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 521:204-211. [PMID: 31640855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor diagnosed in children and adolescents. Unfortunately, OS patients with metastatic or recurrent disease are highly resistant to front line chemotherapy that significantly limits the long-term survival rate. Since majority of chemotherapeutic agents used in OS work by generating DNA damages, enhanced DNA repair pathways are generally associated with chemoresistance in OS treatment. However, the exact mechanisms of chemoresistance in OS are not fully understood. Our study found that paralogue of XRCC4 and XLF (PAXX), which was identified recently as a novel factor of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), is upregulated in chemoresistant OS cells. Importantly, PAXX deficiency re-sensitizes chemoresistant OS cells to doxorubicin and cisplatin. Mechanistically, chemoresistance to doxorubicin or cisplatin results in enhanced PAXX-Ku70 interaction and elevated NHEJ efficiency. We also identified a small molecule M11 that interrupts PAXX-Ku70 interaction and re-sensitizes chemoresistant OS cells to doxorubicin and cisplatin. Thus, our data provide evidence that PAXX could serve as a novel target to overcome chemoresistance in OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Thoracic, The Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, China.
| | - Peng Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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20
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MicroRNA Biogenesis Pathway Genes Are Deregulated in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184460. [PMID: 31510013 PMCID: PMC6770105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Each step of their production and maturation has to be strictly regulated, as any disruption of control mechanisms may lead to cancer. Thus, we have measured the expression of 19 genes involved in miRNAs biogenesis pathway in tumor tissues of 239 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, 17 CRC patients with liver metastases and 239 adjacent tissues using real-time PCR. Subsequently, the expression of analyzed genes was correlated with the clinical-pathological features as well as with the survival of patients. In total, significant over-expression of all analyzed genes was observed in tumor tissues as well as in liver metastases except for LIN28A/B. Furthermore, it was shown that the deregulated levels of some of the analyzed genes significantly correlate with tumor stage, grade, location, size and lymph node positivity. Finally, high levels of DROSHA and TARBP2 were associated with shorter disease-free survival, while the over-expression of XPO5, TNRC6A and DDX17 was detected in tissues of patients with shorter overall survival and poor prognosis. Our data indicate that changed levels of miRNA biogenesis genes may contribute to origin as well as progression of CRC; thus, these molecules could serve as potential therapeutic targets.
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Lee SS, Min H, Ha JY, Kim BH, Choi MS, Kim S. Dysregulation of the miRNA biogenesis components DICER1, DROSHA, DGCR8 and AGO2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma in both a Korean cohort and the cancer genome atlas kidney clear cell carcinoma cohort. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4337-4345. [PMID: 31516620 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis may be involved in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The objective of the present study was to investigate the mRNA levels of important miRNA machinery components, DICER1, DROSHA, DiGeroge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8), and Argonaute 2 (AGO2), and their correlations with clinicopathological characteristics of ccRCC using mRNA expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas kidney clear cell carcinoma (TCGA KIRC) cohort and a Korean ccRCC cohort. mRNA levels of DICER1, DROSHA, and DGCR8 were significantly decreased in both cohorts. However, AGO2 was significantly downregulated only in the Korean ccRCC cohort. Additionally, positive correlations were observed between the altered mRNA levels of DICER1 and DROSHA as well as DROSHA and DGCR8 in both cohorts. In the TCGA KIRC cohort, alterations in the mRNA levels of DICER1 were significantly correlated with histological grade. Furthermore, the altered mRNA levels of DGCR8 showed significant associations with sex and histologic grades. However, in the Korean ccRCC cohort, no factors were significantly associated with any clinicopathological parameters, including sex, age, T stage, Fuhrman grade/The International Society of Urological Pathology grade, lymphovascular invasion, and peri-renal fat invasion. Taken together, these findings indicate that DICER1, DROSHA, DGCR8 and AGO2 are significantly dysregulated in ccRCC, suggesting that they are important in the pathophysiology of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Su Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonji Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Ha
- Department of Urology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hoon Kim
- Department of Urology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Choi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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22
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Current role of mammalian sirtuins in DNA repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 80:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Fragkos M, Barra V, Egger T, Bordignon B, Lemacon D, Naim V, Coquelle A. Dicer prevents genome instability in response to replication stress. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4407-4423. [PMID: 31320994 PMCID: PMC6633883 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicer, an endoribonuclease best-known for its role in microRNA biogenesis and RNA interference pathway, has been shown to play a role in the DNA damage response and repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) in mammalian cells. However, it remains unknown whether Dicer is also important to preserve genome integrity upon replication stress. To address this question, we focused our study on common fragile sites (CFSs), which are susceptible to breakage after replication stress. We show that inhibition of the Dicer pathway leads to an increase in CFS expression upon induction of replication stress and to an accumulation of 53BP1 nuclear bodies, indicating transmission of replication-associated damage. We also show that in absence of a functional Dicer or Drosha, the assembly into nuclear foci of the Fanconi anemia (FA) protein FANCD2 and of the replication and checkpoint factor TopBP1 in response to replication stress is impaired, and the activation of the S-phase checkpoint is defective. Based on these results, we propose that Dicer pre-vents genomic instability after replication stress, by allowing the proper recruitment to stalled forks of proteins that are necessary to maintain replication fork stability and activate the S-phase checkpoint, thus limiting cells from proceeding into mitosis with under-replicated DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Fragkos
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Genetic Instability and Oncogenesis, UMR 8200 CNRS, University Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Viviana Barra
- Laboratory of Genetic Instability and Oncogenesis, UMR 8200 CNRS, University Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tom Egger
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Benoit Bordignon
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Lemacon
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Present address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doisy Research Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Valeria Naim
- Laboratory of Genetic Instability and Oncogenesis, UMR 8200 CNRS, University Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Arnaud Coquelle
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Guo WT, Wang Y. Dgcr8 knockout approaches to understand microRNA functions in vitro and in vivo. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1697-1711. [PMID: 30694346 PMCID: PMC11105204 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biologic function of the majority of microRNAs (miRNAs) is still unknown. Uncovering the function of miRNAs is hurdled by redundancy among different miRNAs. The deletion of Dgcr8 leads to the deficiency in producing all canonical miRNAs, therefore, overcoming the redundancy issue. Dgcr8 knockout strategy has been instrumental in understanding the function of miRNAs in a variety of cells in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we will first give a brief introduction about miRNAs, miRNA biogenesis pathway and the role of Dgcr8 in miRNA biogenesis. We will then summarize studies performed with Dgcr8 knockout cell models with a focus on embryonic stem cells. After that, we will summarize results from various in vivo Dgcr8 knockout models. Given significant phenotypic differences in various tissues between Dgcr8 and Dicer knockout, we will also briefly review current progresses on understanding miRNA-independent functions of miRNA biogenesis factors. Finally, we will discuss the potential use of a new strategy to stably express miRNAs in Dgcr8 knockout cells. In future, Dgcr8 knockout approaches coupled with innovations in miRNA rescue strategy may provide further insights into miRNA functions in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Guo
- Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Gioia U, Francia S, Cabrini M, Brambillasca S, Michelini F, Jones-Weinert CW, d'Adda di Fagagna F. Pharmacological boost of DNA damage response and repair by enhanced biogenesis of DNA damage response RNAs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6460. [PMID: 31015566 PMCID: PMC6478851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel class of small non-coding RNAs called DNA damage response RNAs (DDRNAs) generated at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in a DROSHA- and DICER-dependent manner has been shown to regulate the DNA damage response (DDR). Similar molecules were also reported to guide DNA repair. Here, we show that DDR activation and DNA repair can be pharmacologically boosted by acting on such non-coding RNAs. Cells treated with enoxacin, a compound previously demonstrated to augment DICER activity, show stronger DDR signalling and faster DNA repair upon exposure to ionizing radiations compared to vehicle-only treated cells. Enoxacin stimulates DDRNA production at chromosomal DSBs and at dysfunctional telomeres, which in turn promotes 53BP1 accumulation at damaged sites, therefore in a miRNA-independent manner. Increased 53BP1 occupancy at DNA lesions induced by enoxacin ultimately suppresses homologous recombination, channelling DNA repair towards faster and more accurate non-homologous end-joining, including in post-mitotic primary neurons. Notably, augmented DNA repair stimulated by enoxacin increases the survival also of cancer cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaldo Gioia
- IFOM - the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Sofia Francia
- IFOM - the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Cabrini
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Brambillasca
- IFOM - the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavia Michelini
- IFOM - the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP) - Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Corey W Jones-Weinert
- IFOM - the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio d'Adda di Fagagna
- IFOM - the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Liu Z, Yu M, Fei B, Sun J, Wang D. Nonhomologous end joining key factor XLF enhances both 5-florouracil and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2095-2104. [PMID: 30936724 PMCID: PMC6430989 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s192923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third commonly diagnosed cancer with a high risk of death. After curative surgery, 40% of patients will have metastases or develop recurrence. Therefore, chemotherapy is significantly responsible as the major therapy method. However, chemoresistance is found in almost all metastatic patients and remains a critical obstacle to curing CRC. Materials and methods Cell viability is analyzed by sulforhodamine B staining assay. The nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair ability of each cell line was determined by NHEJ reporter assay. mRNA expression levels of NHEJ factors are detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression levels were observed by western blot assay. Results Our study found that 5-florouracil (5-Fu) and oxaliplatin (OXA)-resistant HCT116 and LS174T cells showed upregulated efficiency of DNA double-strand repair pathway NHEJ. We then identified that the NHEJ key factor XLF is responsible for the chemoresistance and XLF deficiency sensitizes CRC cells to 5-Fu and OXA significantly. Conclusion Our research first demonstrates that the NHEJ pathway, especially its key factor XLF, significantly contributes to chemoresistance in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Bingyuan Fei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Dongxin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China,
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Lu Y, Tao F, Zhou MT, Tang KF. The signaling pathways that mediate the anti-cancer effects of caloric restriction. Pharmacol Res 2019; 141:512-520. [PMID: 30641278 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to promote longevity and ameliorate aging-associated diseases, including cancer. Extensive research over recent decades has revealed that CR reduces IGF-1/PI3K/AKT signaling and increases sirtuin signaling. We recently found that CR also enhances ALDOA/DNA-PK/p53 signaling. In the present review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of the IGF-1/PI3K/AKT pathway, sirtuin signaling, and the ALDOA/DNA-PK/p53 pathway by CR. We also summarize the evidence concerning the roles of these signaling pathways in carcinogenesis, and discuss how they are regulated by CR. Finally, we discuss the crosstalk between these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Lu
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Fengxing Tao
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Meng-Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kai-Fu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China; Digestive Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China.
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28
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Role of Dicer in regulating oxaliplatin resistance of colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:87-93. [PMID: 30336979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem due to its high mortality rate. The incidence of CRC is increasing in young individuals. Oxaliplatin (OXA) is an approved third-generation drug and is used for first-line chemotherapy in CRC. Although current standard chemotherapy improves the overall survival of CRC patients, an increasing number of reports of OXA resistance in CRC therapy indicates that resistance has become an urgent problem in clinical applications. Dicer is a critical enzyme involved in miRNA maturation. The expression of Dicer has been reported to be involved in the resistance to various drugs in cancer. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of Dicer in OXA resistance in CRC. We found that OXA treatment inhibited Dicer expression through decreasing the protein stability. OXA-induced Dicer protein degradation occurred through both proteasomal and lysosomal proteolysis, while the CHIP E3 ligase was involved in OXA-mediated Dicer ubiquitination and degradation. We established stable OXA-resistant clones from CRC cells, and observed that the CHIP E3 ligase was decreased, along with the increased Dicer expression in OXA-resistant cells. Knockdown of Dicer resensitized CRC cells to OXA treatment. In this study, we have revealed the role of miRNA biogenesis factors in OXA resistance in CRC cells.
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29
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Wang X, Chen H, Wen Y, Yang X, Han Q, Jiang P, Huang Z, Cai J, Wang Z. Dicer affects cisplatin‑mediated apoptosis in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4381-4387. [PMID: 30221734 PMCID: PMC6172369 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dicer is an essential enzyme that processes micro (mi)-RNA precursors into mature miRNAs, and serves a critical role in cancer development and progression by regulating gene expression. However, the role of Dicer in cisplatin‑mediated apoptosis and chemotherapy resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells is poorly understood. In the present study, Dicer was expressed at low levels in cisplatin‑resistant A2780 cells when compared with parental cells. In addition, knocking down Dicer using short hairpin RNA decreased the sensitivity of A2780 and CAOV3 cells to cisplatin. Furthermore, downregulating Dicer significantly inhibited cisplatin‑induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells, and decreased the levels of proteins involved in apoptosis signaling pathways, including P73, P63, P53, caspase‑9 and caspase‑3. These findings indicated that Dicer may be a promising target for overcoming drug resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ping Jiang
- University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius‑Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg D‑26121, Germany
| | - Zaiju Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Pong SK, Gullerova M. Noncanonical functions of microRNA pathway enzymes - Drosha, DGCR8, Dicer and Ago proteins. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2973-2986. [PMID: 30025156 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory noncoding RNAs that are generated in the canonical RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. Drosha, DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8 (DGCR8) and Dicer are key players in miRNA biogenesis. Argonaute (Ago) proteins bind to miRNAs and are guided by them to find messenger RNA targets and carry out post-transcriptional silencing of protein-coding genes. Recently, emerging evidence suggests that RNAi factors have a range of noncanonical functions that are beyond miRNA biogenesis. These functions pertain to various biological processes, such as development, transcriptional regulation, RNA processing and maintenance of genome integrity. Here, we review recent literature reporting miRNA-independent, noncanonical functions of Drosha, DGCR8, Dicer and Ago proteins and discuss the importance of these functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng K Pong
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, UK
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