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Ghosh S, Das SK, Sinha K, Ghosh B, Sen K, Ghosh N, Sil PC. The Emerging Role of Natural Products in Cancer Treatment. Arch Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s00204-024-03786-3. [PMID: 38795134 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03786-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of natural products as potential agents for cancer treatment has garnered significant attention in recent years. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the diverse array of natural compounds, including alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, lignans, polyketides, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids, highlighting their emerging roles in cancer therapy. These compounds, derived from various botanical sources, exhibit a wide range of mechanisms of action, targeting critical pathways involved in cancer progression such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Through a meticulous examination of preclinical and clinical studies, we provide insights into the therapeutic potential of these natural products across different cancer types. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages and challenges associated with their use in cancer treatment, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize their efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and delivery methods. Overall, this review underscores the importance of natural products in advancing cancer therapeutics and paves the way for future investigations into their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira, Belur Math, Howrah, 711202, India
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Sanjib Kumar Das
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram, 721507, India
| | - Krishnendu Sinha
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram, 721507, India.
| | - Biswatosh Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Koushik Sen
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram, 721507, India
| | - Nabanita Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, 700013, India
| | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India.
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2
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Saini RK, Khan MI, Shang X, Kumar V, Kumari V, Kesarwani A, Ko EY. Dietary Sources, Stabilization, Health Benefits, and Industrial Application of Anthocyanins-A Review. Foods 2024; 13:1227. [PMID: 38672900 PMCID: PMC11049351 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural phytochemicals are well known to protect against numerous metabolic disorders. Anthocyanins are vacuolar pigments belonging to the parent class of flavonoids. They are well known for their potent antioxidant and gut microbiome-modulating properties, primarily responsible for minimizing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and several other diseases associated with metabolic syndromes. Berries are the primary source of anthocyanin in the diet. The color and stability of anthocyanins are substantially influenced by external environmental conditions, constraining their applications in foods. Furthermore, the significantly low bioavailability of anthocyanins greatly diminishes the extent of the actual health benefits linked to these bioactive compounds. Multiple strategies have been successfully developed and utilized to enhance the stability and bioavailability of anthocyanins. This review provides a comprehensive view of the recent advancements in chemistry, biosynthesis, dietary sources, stabilization, bioavailability, industrial applications, and health benefits of anthocyanins. Finally, we summarize the prospects and challenges of applications of anthocyanin in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar Saini
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Mohammad Imtiyaj Khan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India;
| | - Xiaomin Shang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India;
| | - Varsha Kumari
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 302001, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Amit Kesarwani
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Eun-Young Ko
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Gao Y, He L, Duan S, Bilige H, Lyu L, Li Z, Wang H, Li C, Wang Y. Potential mitigation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles against 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis through inhibiting the canonical NF-κB pathway. NANOIMPACT 2024; 34:100512. [PMID: 38768902 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2024.100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been widely employed in various industry fields, which makes consumers concerned about their health impact. Our previous work displayed that TiO2 NPs participated in the mitigation of TNBS-induced colitis, but the mechanism is still unknown. This work aimed to explore the role of oxidative stress and NF-κB pathway in the effect of TiO2 NPs on TNBS-induced colitis. The results showed that TiO2 NPs administration reduced the DAI score of colitis mice after TNBS enema. TiO2 NPs did not alter oxidative stress status (GSH/GSSG), but repaired the gut dysbacteriosis and inhibited the canonical NF-κB pathway activation in TNBS-induced colitis mice, manifested as a decrease in pathogenic bacteria and an increase in beneficial bacteria, as well as down-regulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs), IKKα, IKKβ, p65 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ) in mRNA level, and the increased transcription of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-12), along with the declined protein level of TNF-α in TiO2 NPs treated colitis mice. The present study suggested that oral TiO2 NPs administration inhibited the canonical NF-κB pathway activation by repairing gut dysbacteriosis, which made a predominant role in alleviating colitis. These findings provided a new perspective for exploring the safety of TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Langzhi He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Hasen Bilige
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lizhi Lyu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zihui Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
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Wang G, Su H, Guo Z, Li H, Jiang Z, Cao Y, Li C. Rubus Occidentalis and its bioactive compounds against cancer: From molecular mechanisms to translational advances. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155029. [PMID: 38417241 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer ranks as the second leading cause of death globally, imposing a significant public health burden. The rise in cancer resistance to current therapeutic agents underscores the potential role of phytotherapy. Black raspberry (BRB, Rubus Occidentalis) is a fruit rich in anthocyanins, ellagic acid, and ellagitannins. Accumulating evidence suggests that BRB exhibits promising anticancer effects, positioning it as a viable candidate for phytotherapy. PURPOSE This article aims to review the existing research on BRB regarding its role in cancer prevention and treatment. It further analyzes the effective components of BRB, their metabolic pathways, and the potential mechanisms underlying the fruit's anticancer effects. METHODS Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CENTRAL were searched through the terms of Black Raspberry, Raspberry, and Rubus Occidentali up to January 2023. Two reviewers performed the study selection by screening the title and abstract. Full texts of potentially eligible studies were retrieved to access the details. RESULTS Out of the 767 articles assessed, 73 papers met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 63 papers investigated the anticancer mechanisms, while 10 conducted clinical trials focusing on cancer treatment or prevention. BRB was found to influence multiple cancer hallmarks by targeting various pathways. Decomposition of free radicals and regulation of estrogen metabolism, BRB can reduce DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species. BRB can also enhance the function of nucleotide excision repair to repair DNA lesions. Through regulation of epigenetics, BRB can enhance the expression of tumor suppressor genes, inducing cell cycle arrest, and promoting apoptosis and pyroptosis. BRB can reduce the energy and nutrients supply to the cancer nest by inhibiting glycolysis and reducing angiogenesis. The immune and inflammatory microenvironment surrounding cancer cells can also be ameliorated by BRB, inhibiting cancer initiation and progression. However, the limited bioavailability of BRB diminishes its anticancer efficacy. Notably, topical applications of BRB, such as gels and suppositories, have demonstrated significant clinical benefits. CONCLUSION BRB inhibits cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis through diverse anticancer mechanisms while exhibiting minimal side effects. Given its potential, BRB emerges as a promising phototherapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hengpei Su
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No.29, Jiuyanqiao Wangjiang Rd., Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Honglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhishen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yubin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu 610041, China.
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Zeb F, Naqeeb H, Osaili T, Faris ME, Ismail LC, Obaid RS, Naja F, Radwan H, Hasan H, Hashim M, AlBlooshi S, Alam I. Molecular crosstalk between polyphenols and gut microbiota in cancer prevention. Nutr Res 2024; 124:21-42. [PMID: 38364552 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches. In recent years, the molecular crosstalk between polyphenols and gut microbiota has emerged as a promising pathway for cancer prevention. Polyphenols, abundant in many plant-based foods, possess diverse bioactive properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. The gut microbiota, a complex microbial community residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in a host's health and disease risks. This review highlights cancer suppressive and oncogenic mechanisms of gut microbiota, the intricate interplay between gut microbiota modulation and polyphenol biotransformation, and the potential therapeutic implications of this interplay in cancer prevention. Furthermore, this review explores the molecular mechanisms underpinning the synergistic effects of polyphenols and the gut microbiota, such as modulation of signaling pathways and immune response and epigenetic modifications in animal and human studies. The current review also summarizes the challenges and future directions in this field, including the development of personalized approaches that consider interindividual variations in gut microbiota composition and function. Understanding the molecular crosstalk could offer new perspectives for the development of personalized cancer therapies targeting the polyphenol-gut axis. Future clinical trials are needed to validate the potential role of polyphenols and gut microbiota as innovative therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falak Zeb
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Huma Naqeeb
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shaukat Khanam Cancer Hospital and Research Center Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Women University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Tareq Osaili
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - MoezAllslam Ezzat Faris
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Nuffield, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Reyad Shakir Obaid
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Naja
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mona Hashim
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sharifa AlBlooshi
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iftikhar Alam
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Pakistan
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Li F, Sun Q, Chen L, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Unlocking the health potential of anthocyanins: a structural insight into their varied biological effects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38494796 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2328176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins have become increasingly important to the food industry due to their colorant features and many health-promoting activities. Numerous studies have linked anthocyanins to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic properties, as well as protection against heart disease, certain types of cancer, and a reduced risk of diabetes and cognitive disorders. Anthocyanins from various foods may exhibit distinct biological and health-promoting activities owing to their structural diversity. In this review, we have collected and tabulated the key information from various recent published studies focusing on investigating the chemical structure effect of anthocyanins on their stability, antioxidant activities, in vivo fate, and changes in the gut microbiome. This information should be valuable in comprehending the connection between the molecular structure and biological function of anthocyanins, with the potential to enhance their application as both colorants and functional compounds in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition & Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Quancai Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Long Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruojie Zhang
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition & Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Zipei Zhang
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition & Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Zou Y, Wang S, Zhang H, Gu Y, Chen H, Huang Z, Yang F, Li W, Chen C, Men L, Tian Q, Xie T. The triangular relationship between traditional Chinese medicines, intestinal flora, and colorectal cancer. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:539-567. [PMID: 37661373 DOI: 10.1002/med.21989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, colorectal cancer has reported a higher incidence in younger adults and a lower mortality rate. Recently, the influence of the intestinal flora in the initiation, progression, and treatment of colorectal cancer has been extensively studied, as well as their positive therapeutic impact on inflammation and the cancer microenvironment. Historically, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of colorectal cancer via promoted cancer cell apoptosis, inhibited cancer metastasis, and reduced drug resistance and side effects. The present research is more on the effect of either herbal medicine or intestinal flora on colorectal cancer. The interactions between TCM and intestinal flora are bidirectional and the combined impacts of TCM and gut microbiota in the treatment of colon cancer should not be neglected. Therefore, this review discusses the role of intestinal bacteria in the progression and treatment of colorectal cancer by inhibiting carcinogenesis, participating in therapy, and assisting in healing. Then the complex anticolon cancer effects of different kinds of TCM monomers, TCM drug pairs, and traditional Chinese prescriptions embodied in apoptosis, metastasis, immune suppression, and drug resistance are summarized separately. In addition, the interaction between TCM and intestinal flora and the combined effect on cancer treatment were analyzed. This review provides a mechanistic reference for the application of TCM and intestinal flora in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer and paves the way for the combined development and application of microbiome and TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxin Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huijuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lianhui Men
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingchang Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Wang L, Li M, Gu Y, Shi J, Yan J, Wang X, Li B, Wang B, Zhong W, Cao H. Dietary flavonoids-microbiota crosstalk in intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109494. [PMID: 37866426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third leading cancer and commonly develops from chronic intestinal inflammation. A strong association was found between gut microbiota and intestinal inflammation and carcinogenic risk. Flavonoids, which are abundant in vegetables and fruits, can inhibit inflammation, regulate gut microbiota, protect gut barrier integrity, and modulate immune cell function, thereby attenuating colitis and preventing carcinogenesis. Upon digestion, about 90% of flavonoids are transported to the colon without being absorbed in the small intestine. This phenomenon increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria and enhances the production of short-chain fatty acids. The gut microbe further metabolizes these flavonoids. Interestingly, some metabolites of flavonoids play crucial roles in anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects. This review summarizes the modulatory effect of flavonoids on gut microbiota and their metabolism by intestinal microbe under disease conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, colitis-associated cancer (CAC), and CRC. We focus on dietary flavonoids and microbial interactions in intestinal mucosal barriers as well as intestinal immune cells. Results provide novel insights to better understand the crosstalk between dietary flavonoids and gut microbiota and support the standpoint that dietary flavonoids prevent intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Mengfan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Junli Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China; Department of Nutrition, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.
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9
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Lamenza FF, Upadhaya P, Roth P, Shrestha S, Jagadeesha S, Horn N, Pracha H, Oghumu S. Berries vs. Disease: Revenge of the Phytochemicals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:84. [PMID: 38256917 PMCID: PMC10818490 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolites and phytochemicals in plant-based diets are known to possess properties that inhibit the development of several diseases including a variety of cancers of the aerodigestive tract. Berries are currently of high interest to researchers due to their high dietary source of phytochemicals. Black raspberries (BRB), Rubus occidentalis, are of special interest due to their rich and diverse composition of phytochemicals. In this review, we present the most up-to-date preclinical and clinical data involving berries and their phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of a variety of cancers and diseases. BRBs possess a variety of health benefits including anti-proliferative properties, anti-inflammatory activity, activation of pro-cell-death pathways, modulation of the immune response, microbiome modulation, reduction in oxidative stress, and many more. However, little has been done in both preclinical and clinical settings on the effects of BRB administration in combination with other cancer therapies currently available for patients. With the high potential for BRBs as chemopreventive agents, there is a need to investigate their potential in combination with other treatments to improve therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe F. Lamenza
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Puja Upadhaya
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Peyton Roth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Suvekshya Shrestha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sushmitha Jagadeesha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Natalie Horn
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Hasan Pracha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Steve Oghumu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
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10
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Dos Santos Lima A, Novaes RD, Pinheiro LC, de Almeida LA, Martino HSD, Giusti-Paiva A, Pap N, Granato D, Azevedo L. From waste to the gut: Can blackcurrant press cake be a new functional ingredient? Insights on in vivo microbiota modulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112917. [PMID: 37316039 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Blackcurrant press cake (BPC) is a source of anthocyanins, and this study evaluated the bioactivity and gut microbiota modulation of blackcurrant diets with or without 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. In colon cancer-induced rats (CRC), BPC at the highest dosages increased pro-inflammatory parameters and the expression of anti-apoptotic cytokines, accentuating colon cancer initiation by aberrant crypts and morphological changes. Fecal microbiome analysis showed that BPC altered the composition and function of the gut microbiome. This evidence suggests that high doses of BPC act as a pro-oxidant, accentuating the inflammatory environment and CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rômulo Dias Novaes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Cezar Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Giusti-Paiva
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nora Pap
- Biorefinery and Bioproducts, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Daniel Granato
- Bioactivity & Applications Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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11
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Nascimento RDPD, Machado APDF. The preventive and therapeutic effects of anthocyanins on colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review based on up-to-date experimental studies. Food Res Int 2023; 170:113028. [PMID: 37316089 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most lethal and the third most diagnosed type of cancer worldwide. More than 75% of CRC cases are sporadic and lifestyle-related. Risk factors include diet, physical inactivity, genetics, smoking, alcohol, changes in the intestinal microbiota, and inflammation-related diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases. The limits of conventional treatments (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy), as demonstrated by the side effects and resistance of many CRC patients, are making professionals search for new chemopreventive alternatives. In this context, diets rich in fruits and vegetables or plant-based products, which contain high levels of phytochemicals, have been postulated as complementary therapeutic options. Anthocyanins, phenolic pigments responsible for the vivid colors of most red, purple, and blue fruits and vegetables, have been shown protective effects on CRC. Berries, grapes, Brazilian fruits, and vegetables such as black rice and purple sweet potato are examples of products rich in anthocyanins, which have been able to reduce cancer development by modulating signaling pathways associated with CRC. Therefore, this review has as main objective to present and discuss the potential preventive and therapeutic effects of anthocyanins present in fruits and vegetables, in plant extracts, or in their pure form on CRC, taking into account up-to-date experimental studies (2017-2023). Additionally, a highlight is given towards the mechanisms of action of anthocyanins on CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto de Paula do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism (LANUM), Department of Food Science and Nutrition (DECAN), School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street 80, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Rd, CF24 4HQ, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.
| | - Ana Paula da Fonseca Machado
- Study and Research Group on Agroindustrial Products from the Cerrado (GEPPAC), Faculty of Engineering (FAEN), Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados-Itahum Highway Km 12, 79804-970, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
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12
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Bu F, Tu Y, Wan Z, Tu S. Herbal medicine and its impact on the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1096008. [PMID: 37469598 PMCID: PMC10352802 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1096008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that there are trillions of gut microbiota (GM) in the human gut. GM and its metabolites can reportedly cause cancer by causing abnormal immune responses. With the development of sequencing technology and the application of germ-free models in recent years, significant inroads have been achieved in research on GM and microbiota-related metabolites. Accordingly, the role and mechanism of GM in colorectal cancer (CRC) development have been gradually revealed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) represents an important source of natural medicines and herbal products, with huge potential as anti-CRC agents. The potential application of TCM to target gut microbes for the treatment of colorectal cancer represents an exciting area of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Bu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifeng Tu
- The Second Affiliated College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziang Wan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiliang Tu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Lyubitelev A, Studitsky V. Inhibition of Cancer Development by Natural Plant Polyphenols: Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10663. [PMID: 37445850 PMCID: PMC10341686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors remain one of the main sources of morbidity and mortality around the world. A chemotherapeutic approach to cancer treatment poses a multitude of challenges, primarily due to the low selectivity and genotoxicity of the majority of chemotherapeutic drugs currently used in the clinical practice, often leading to treatment-induced tumors formation. Highly selective antitumor drugs can largely resolve this issue, but their high selectivity leads to significant drawbacks due to the intrinsic tumor heterogeneity. In contrast, plant polyphenols can simultaneously affect many processes that are involved in the acquiring and maintaining of hallmark properties of malignant cells, and their toxic dose is typically much higher than the therapeutic one. In the present work we describe the mechanisms of the action of polyphenols on cancer cells, including their effects on genetic and epigenetic instability, tumor-promoting inflammation, and altered microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasily Studitsky
- Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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14
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Lu F, MacPherson CW, Tremblay J, Iskandar MM, Kubow S. Anthocyanin-rich blue potato meals protect against polychlorinated biphenyl-mediated disruption of short-chain fatty acid production and gut microbiota profiles in a simulated human digestion model. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1130841. [PMID: 37324735 PMCID: PMC10266533 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1130841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants associated with a wide variety of adverse human health outcomes. PCB 126 and PCB 153 are among the most prevalent congeners associated with human exposure. Emerging studies have suggested that PCB exposure leads to lower gut microbial diversity although their effects on microbial production of health promoting short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) has been scarcely studied. Blue potatoes are rich in anthocyanins (ACNs), which is a class of polyphenols that promote the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and increase the generation of SCFAs. A batch-culture, pH-controlled, stirred system containing human fecal microbial communities was utilized to assess whether human gut microbiota composition and SCFA production are affected by: (a) PCB 126 and PCB 153 exposure; and (b) ACN-rich digests in the presence and absence of the PCB congeners. Methods Anthocyanin-rich blue potato meals (11.03 g) were digested over 12 h with and without PCB 126 (0.5 mM) and PCB 153 (0.5 mM) using an in vitro simulated gut digestion model involving upper gastrointestinal digestion followed by metabolism by human fecal microbiota. Fecal digests were collected for analysis of gut microbial and SCFA profiles. Results Polychlorinated biphenyl-exposed fecal samples showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in species richness and a significantly (p < 0.05) different microbial community structure. PCB treatment was associated with an increased (p < 0.05) relative abundance of Akkermansia, Eggerthella, and Bifidobacterium and a decreased (p < 0.05) relative abundance of Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Holdemanella. ACN digests counteracted the altered abundances of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium seen with the PCB treatment. PCB exposure was associated with a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in total SCFA and acetate concentrations. ACN digests were associated with significantly (p < 0.05) higher SCFA and acetate concentrations in the presence and absence of PCBs. Conclusion Human fecal matter exposed to PCB 126 and PCB 153 led to decreased abundance and altered gut microbiota profiles as well as lowered SCFA and acetate levels. Importantly, this study showed that prebiotic ACN-rich potatoes counteract PCB-mediated disruptions in human gut microbiota profiles and SCFA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lu
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Julien Tremblay
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle M. Iskandar
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Stan Kubow
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
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15
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Jamieson PE, Carbonero F, Stevens JF. Dietary (poly)phenols mitigate inflammatory bowel disease: Therapeutic targets, mechanisms of action, and clinical observations. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100521. [PMID: 37266414 PMCID: PMC10230173 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are a rapidly growing public health concern worldwide. These diseases are heterogeneous at the clinical, immunological, molecular, genetic, and microbial level, but characteristically involve a disrupted immune-microbiome axis. Shortcomings in conventional treatment options warrant the need for novel therapeutic strategies to mitigate these life-long and relapsing disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Polyphenols, a diverse group of phytochemicals, have gained attention as candidate treatments due to their array of biological effects. Polyphenols exert broad anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through the modulation of cellular signaling pathways and transcription factors important in IBD progression. Polyphenols also bidirectionally modulate the gut microbiome, supporting commensals and inhibiting pathogens. One of the primary means by which gut microbiota interface with the host is through the production of metabolites, which are small molecules produced as intermediate or end products of metabolism. There is growing evidence to support that modulation of the gut microbiome by polyphenols restores microbially derived metabolites critical to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis that are adversely disrupted in IBD. This review aims to define the therapeutic targets of polyphenols that may be important for mitigation of IBD symptoms, as well as to collate evidence for their clinical use from randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige E. Jamieson
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Franck Carbonero
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA
| | - Jan F. Stevens
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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16
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Liang A, Leonard W, Beasley JT, Fang Z, Zhang P, Ranadheera CS. Anthocyanins-gut microbiota-health axis: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-26. [PMID: 36927343 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2187212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a subclass of flavonoids responsible for color in some fruits and vegetables with potent antioxidative capacity. During digestion, a larger proportion of dietary anthocyanins remains unabsorbed and reach the large intestine where they interact with the gut microbiota. Anthocyanins can modulate gut microbial populations to improve diversity and the proportion of beneficial populations, leading to alterations in short chain fatty acid and bile acid production. Some anthocyanins can be degraded into colonic metabolites, such as phenolic acids, which accumulate in the body and regulate a range of biological activities. Here we provide an overview of the effects of dietary anthocyanin consumption on gut microbial interactions, metabolism, and composition. Progression of chronic diseases has been strongly associated with imbalances in gut microbial populations. We therefore focus on the role of the gut microbiota as the 'mediator' that facilitates the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins against various chronic diseases, including obesity, type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, fatty liver disease, chronic kidney disease and osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Liang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Leonard
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesse T Beasley
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chaminda Senaka Ranadheera
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Nascimento RDPD, Rizzato JS, Polezi G, Moya AMTM, Silva MF, Machado APDF, Franchi Junior GC, Borguini RG, Santiago MCPDA, Paiotti APR, Pereira JA, Martinez CAR, Marostica Junior MR. Freeze-dried jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba (Vell.) O. Berg) peel powder, a rich source of anthocyanins and phenolic acids, mitigates inflammation-driven colorectal cancer in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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18
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Chan YT, Huang J, Wong HC, Li J, Zhao D. Metabolic fate of black raspberry polyphenols in association with gut microbiota of different origins in vitro. Food Chem 2023; 404:134644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is involved in the anticancer effect of black raspberry anthocyanins in colorectal cancer. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:395-406. [PMID: 36056948 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal acetylation modification is a common epigenetic change in tumorigenesis and is closely related to the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Our previous studies have suggested that black raspberry (BRB) anthocyanins have a significant chemopreventive effect against CRC. This study investigated whether protein acetylation plays an important role in BRB anthocyanins-mediated regulation of CRC progression. METHODS We used the AOM-induced CRC mouse model and the CRC cell lines SW480 and Caco-2 to explore the potential role of acetylation of histone H4 and NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins (non-histone proteins) in the antitumor process mediated by BRB anthocyanins. The expression of related proteins was detected by western blot. ROS level was detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS BRB anthocyanins affected the acetylation level by down-regulating the expression of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and up-regulating the expression of MOF and EP300. The acetylation level of lysine sites on histone H4 (H4K5, H4K12 and H4K16) was increased. Furthermore, following BRB anthocyanins treatment, the expression of ac-p65 was significantly up-regulated and the NF-κB signal pathway was activated, which in turn up-regulated Bax expression and inhibited Bcl-2, cyclin-D1, c-myc and NLRP3 expression to promote CRC cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and relieve inflammation. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that protein acetylation could play a critical role in BRB anthocyanins-regulated CRC development.
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Protective Effect of Anthocyanins against Neurodegenerative Diseases through the Microbial-Intestinal-Brain Axis: A Critical Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030496. [PMID: 36771208 PMCID: PMC9922026 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in human mean age, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) also rises. This negatively affects mental and physiological health. In recent years, evidence has revealed that anthocyanins could regulate the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) through the microbiome-gut-brain axis, which provides a new perspective for treating NDs. In this review, the protective effects and mechanisms of anthocyanins against NDs are summarized, especially the interaction between anthocyanins and the intestinal microbiota, and the microbial-intestinal-brain axis system is comprehensively discussed. Moreover, anthocyanins achieve the therapeutic purpose of NDs by regulating intestinal microflora and certain metabolites (protocateic acid, vanillic acid, etc.). In particular, the inhibitory effect of tryptophan metabolism on some neurotransmitters and the induction of blood-brain barrier permeability by butyrate production has a preventive effect on NDs. Overall, it is suggested that microbial-intestinal-brain axis may be a novel mechanism for the protective effect of anthocyanins against NDs.
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Emerging Role of Plant-Based Dietary Components in Post-Translational Modifications Associated with Colorectal Cancer. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020264. [PMID: 36836621 PMCID: PMC9962725 DOI: 10.3390/life13020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Its main modifiable risk factors are diet, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Thus, the right approach through lifestyle changes may lead to its prevention. In fact, some natural dietary components have exhibited chemopreventive activity through modulation of cellular processes involved in CRC development. Although cancer is a multi-factorial process, the study of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins associated with CRC has recently gained interest, as inappropriate modification is closely related to the activation of cell signalling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Therefore, this review aimed to collect the main PTMs associated with CRC, analyse the relationship between different proteins that are susceptible to inappropriate PTMs, and review the available scientific literature on the role of plant-based dietary compounds in modulating CRC-associated PTMs. In summary, this review suggested that some plant-based dietary components such as phenols, flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, and alkaloids may be able to correct the inappropriate PTMs associated with CRC and promote apoptosis in tumour cells.
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Xiong HH, Lin SY, Chen LL, Ouyang KH, Wang WJ. The Interaction between Flavonoids and Intestinal Microbes: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020320. [PMID: 36673411 PMCID: PMC9857828 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research on the interaction between flavonoids and intestinal microbes have prompted a rash of food science, nutriology and biomedicine, complying with future research trends. The gut microbiota plays an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and human health, but once the intestinal flora dysregulation occurs, it may contribute to various diseases. Flavonoids have shown a variety of physiological activities, and are metabolized or biotransformed by gut microbiota, thereby producing new metabolites that promote human health by modulating the composition and structure of intestinal flora. Herein, this review demonstrates the key notion of flavonoids as well as intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding about how flavonoids regulate the diseases by gut microbiota. Emphasis is placed on the microbiota-flavonoid bidirectional interaction that affects the metabolic fate of flavonoids and their metabolites, thereby influencing their metabolic mechanism, biotransformation, bioavailability and bioactivity. Potentially by focusing on the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota as well as their metabolites such as bile acids, we discuss the influence mechanism of flavonoids on intestinal microbiota by protecting the intestinal barrier function and immune system. Additionally, the microbiota-flavonoid bidirectional interaction plays a crucial role in regulating various diseases. We explain the underlying regulation mechanism of several typical diseases including gastrointestinal diseases, obesity, diabetes and cancer, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and guideline for the promotion of gastrointestinal health as well as the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Su-Yun Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ling-Li Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ke-Hui Ouyang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-83813655
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Chen Y, Yang B, Zhao J, Ross RP, Stanton C, Zhang H, Chen W. Exploiting lactic acid bacteria for colorectal cancer: a recent update. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5433-5449. [PMID: 36530047 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2154742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Currently, chemotherapy and radiotherapy used to treat CRC exhibit many side effects, hence, it is an urgent need to design effective therapies to prevent and treat CRC. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can regulate gut microbiota, intestinal immunity, and intestinal mechanical barrier, which is becoming a hot product for the prevention and treatment of CRC, whereas comprehensive reviews of their anti-CRC mechanisms are limited. This review systematically reveals the latest incidence, mortality, risk factors, and molecular mechanisms of CRC, then summarizes the roles of probiotics in alleviating CRC in animal and clinical studies and critically reviews the possible mechanisms by which these interventions exert their activities. It then shows the limitations in mechanisms and clinical studies, and the suggestions for future research are also put forward, which will play an important role in guiding and promoting the basic and clinical research of remising CRC by LAB and the development of LAB products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - R Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Zhang Y, Liu K, Yan C, Yin Y, He S, Qiu L, Li G. Natural Polyphenols for Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248810. [PMID: 36557939 PMCID: PMC9787795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and serious gastrointestinal malignancy with high mortality and morbidity. Chemoprevention refers to a newly emerged strategy that uses drugs with chemopreventive properties to promote antioxidation, regulate cancer cell cycle, suppress proliferation, and induce cellular apoptosis, so as to improve cancer treatment outcomes. Natural polyphenols are currently recognized as a class of chemopreventive agents that have shown remarkable anticarcinogenic properties. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have elucidated the anti-CRC mechanisms of natural polyphenols, such as regulation of various molecular and signaling pathways. Natural polyphenols are also reportedly capable of modulating the gut microbiota and cancer stem cells (CSCs) to suppress tumor formation and progression. Combined use of different natural polyphenols is recommended due to their low bioavailability and instability, and combination treatment can exert synergistical effects, reduce side effects, and avoid drug resistance in CRC treatment. In summary, the application of polyphenols in the chemoprevention and treatment of CRC is promising. Further clinical evaluation of their effectiveness is warranted and anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Kunjian Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Chengqiu Yan
- Anorectal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yu Yin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Shuangyan He
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Li Qiu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- Anorectal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence:
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Dietary Supplementation with Black Raspberries Altered the Gut Microbiome Composition in a Mouse Model of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer, although with Differing Effects for a Healthy versus a Western Basal Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245270. [PMID: 36558431 PMCID: PMC9786988 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Black raspberries (BRB) are rich in anthocyanins with purported anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is not known whether dietary supplementation would ameliorate Western-diet enhanced gut inflammation and colon tumorigenesis. We employed a mouse model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with 5 to 10% (w/w) whole, freeze-dried BRB in male C57BL/6J mice fed either a standard healthy diet (AIN93G) or the total Western diet (TWD). In a pilot study, BRB suppressed colitis and colon tumorigenesis while also shifting the composition of the fecal microbiome in favor of taxa with purported health benefits, including Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. In a follow-up experiment using a 2 × 2 factorial design with AIN and TWD basal diets with and without 10% (w/w) BRB, supplementation with BRB reduced tumor multiplicity and increased colon length, irrespective of the basal diet, but it did not apparently affect colitis symptoms, colon inflammation or mucosal injury based on histopathological findings. However, BRB intake increased alpha diversity, altered beta diversity and changed the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae and Akkermansiaceae, among others, of the fecal microbiome. Notably, changes in microbiome profiles were inconsistent with respect to the basal diet consumed. Overall, these studies provide equivocal evidence for in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of BRB on colitis and colon tumorigenesis; yet, BRB supplementation led to dynamic changes in the fecal microbiome composition over the course of disease development.
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Behind the Scenes of Anthocyanins-From the Health Benefits to Potential Applications in Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Fields. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235133. [PMID: 36501163 PMCID: PMC9738495 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are widespread and biologically active water-soluble phenolic pigments responsible for a wide range of vivid colours, from red (acidic conditions) to purplish blue (basic conditions), present in fruits, vegetables, and coloured grains. The pigments' stability and colours are influenced mainly by pH but also by structure, temperature, and light. The colour-stabilizing mechanisms of plants are determined by inter- and intramolecular co-pigmentation and metal complexation, driven by van der Waals, π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and metal-ligand interactions. This group of flavonoids is well-known to have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which explains the biological effects associated with them. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the role of anthocyanins as natural colorants, showing they are less harmful than conventional colorants, with several technological potential applications in different industrial fields, namely in the textile and food industries, as well as in the development of photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells, as new photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy, pharmaceuticals, and in the cosmetic industry, mainly on the formulation of skin care formulations, sunscreen filters, nail colorants, skin & hair cleansing products, amongst others. In addition, we will unveil some of the latest studies about the health benefits of anthocyanins, mainly focusing on the protection against the most prevalent human diseases mediated by oxidative stress, namely cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and diabetes. The contribution of anthocyanins to visual health is also very relevant and will be briefly explored.
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Han S, Cao Y, Guo T, Lin Q, Luo F. Targeting lncRNA/Wnt axis by flavonoids: A promising therapeutic approach for colorectal cancer. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4024-4040. [PMID: 36227024 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite the dramatic advances in our understanding of the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC) in recent decades, effective therapeutic strategies are still urgently needed. Oncogenic mutations in the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway are hallmarks of CRC. Moreover, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as molecular managers are involved in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of CRC. Therefore, it is important to further explore the interaction between lncRNAs and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway for targeted therapy of CRC. Natural phytochemicals have not toxicity and can target carcinogenesis-related pathways. Growing evidences suggest that flavonoids are inversely associated with CRC risk. These bioactive compounds could target carcinogenesis pathways of CRC and reduced the side effects of anti-cancer drugs. The review systematically summarized the progress of flavonoids targeting lncRNA/Wnt axis in the investigations of CRC, which will provide a promising therapeutic approach for CRC and develop nutrition-oriented preventive strategies for CRC based on epigenetic mechanisms. In the field, more epidemiological and clinical trials are required in the future to verify feasibility of targeting lncRNA/Wnt axis by flavonoids in the therapy and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyun Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Charles Jacob HK, Signorelli R, Charles Richard JL, Kashuv T, Lavania S, Middleton A, Gomez BA, Ferrantella A, Amirian H, Tao J, Ergonul AB, Boone MM, Hadisurya M, Tao WA, Iliuk A, Kashyap MK, Garcia-Buitrago M, Dawra R, Saluja AK. Identification of novel early pancreatic cancer biomarkers KIF5B and SFRP2 from “first contact” interactions in the tumor microenvironment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:258. [PMID: 36002889 PMCID: PMC9400270 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult cancers to detect early and most patients die from complications arising due to distant organ metastases. The lack of bona fide early biomarkers is one of the primary reasons for late diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. It is a multifactorial disease and warrants a novel approach to identify early biomarkers.
Methods
In order to characterize the proteome, Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from different in vitro conditions mimicking tumor-microenvironment interactions between pancreatic cancer epithelial and stromal cells were analyzed using high throughput mass spectrometry. The biological activity of the secreted EVome was analyzed by investigating changes in distant organ metastases and associated early changes in the microbiome. Candidate biomarkers (KIF5B, SFRP2, LOXL2, and MMP3) were selected and validated on a mouse-human hybrid Tissue Microarray (TMA) that was specifically generated for this study. Additionally, a human TMA was used to analyze the expression of KIF5B and SFRP2 in progressive stages of pancreatic cancer.
Results
The EVome of co-cultured epithelial and stromal cells is different from individual cells with distinct protein compositions. EVs secreted from stromal and cancer cells cultures could not induce significant changes in Pre-Metastatic Niche (PMN) modulation, which was assessed by changes in the distant organ metastases. However, they did induce significant changes in the early microbiome, as indicated by differences in α and β-diversities. KIF5B and SFRP2 show promise for early detection and investigation in progressive pancreatic cancer. These markers are expressed in all stages of pancreatic cancer such as low grade PanINs, advanced cancer, and in liver and soft tissue metastases.
Conclusions
Proteomic characterization of EVs derived from mimicking conditions of epithelial and stromal cells in the tumor-microenvironment resulted in the identification of several proteins, some for the first time in EVs. These secreted EVs cannot induce changes in distant organ metastases in in vivo models of EV education, but modulate changes in the early murine microbiome. Among all the proteins that were analyzed (MMP3, KIF5B, SFRP2, and LOXL2), KIF5B and SFRP2 show promise as bona fide early pancreatic cancer biomarkers expressed in progressive stages of pancreatic cancer.
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Madrigal-Matute J, Bañón-Escandell S. Colorectal Cancer and Microbiota Modulation for Clinical Use. A Systematic Review. Nutr Cancer 2022; 75:123-139. [PMID: 35950572 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2108468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the top contributors to the global burden of cancer incidence and mortality, with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to its etiology. Environmental factors may be the cause of up to 60% of the risk of developing CRC, with gut microbiota being a crucial modifiable risk factor. The microbial ecosystem plays a vital role in CRC prevention and antitumoral response through modulation of the immune system and production of short-chain fatty acids. Numerous approaches have been followed to modify the gut microbiota in order to reduce the risk of cancer development, improve treatment efficacy, and reduce side effects. This study aims to perform a systematic analysis of the published literature to elucidate whether microbiota modulation through pre-, pro-, and symbiotic treatment and/or nutritional intervention can be beneficial for patients diagnosed with CRC. Our analysis finds that some prebiotics, mainly in the form of oligo- and polysaccharides, probiotics such as lactic strain producers of short-chain fatty acids, and consumption of a Mediterranean plant-based diet may be beneficial for patients diagnosed with CRC. However, there is a need for clinical data which evaluate the modulation of gut microbiota in a safe and effective manner.
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30
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Zhao Y, Nakatsu C, Jones-Hall Y, Jiang Q. Supplementation of polyphenol-rich grapes attenuates colitis, colitis-associated colon cancer and disease-associated dysbiosis in mice, but fails to mitigate colitis in antibiotic-treated mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 109:109124. [PMID: 35961465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are known to interact with gut microbes that play key roles in maintaining gut health, but the role of gut microbiota modulation by polyphenols in mitigating colonic diseases is not fully established. We hypothesize that the interaction of polyphenols with the gut microbiota contributes to the attenuation of colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of dietary supplementation of polyphenol-rich grape powder (GP) on azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, CAC and the gut microbiota in mice (study 1), and further compared anti-colitis effects of GP in regular and antibiotic-treated mice (study 2). Compared to the control diet that has matched non-polyphenol contents, 10% GP, but not 3% GP, attenuated AOM-DSS induced colitis and tumor multiplicity by 29% (p<0.05). Ten percent GP increased gut bacterial evenness and counteracted CAC-induced decrease of bacterial evenness and changes of microbial composition. Remarkably, gut bacterial functional profiles of healthy mice and diseased mice fed 10% GP were similar, and both were significantly different from those of diseased mice with the control diet. Furthermore, 10% GP increased the relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the Lachnospiraceae family and enhanced the concentrations of fecal butyrate. Additionally, 10% GP mitigated DSS-induced colitis in conventional mice, but not the antibiotic-treated, gut microbe-depleted mice. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that grape polyphenols alleviate colonic diseases and prevent disease-associated dysbiosis, and their interaction with the gut microbiota may play a causative role in the protection of gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Zhao
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Cindy Nakatsu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Yava Jones-Hall
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
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Chen M, Lin W, Li N, Wang Q, Zhu S, Zeng A, Song L. Therapeutic approaches to colorectal cancer via strategies based on modulation of gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:945533. [PMID: 35992678 PMCID: PMC9389535 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.945533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in terms of global incidence and second in terms of death toll among malignant tumors. Gut microbiota are involved in the formation, development, and responses to different treatments of CRC. Under normal physiological conditions, intestinal microorganisms protect the intestinal mucosa, resist pathogen invasion, and regulate the proliferation of intestinal mucosal cells via a barrier effect and inhibition of DNA damage. The composition of gut microbiota and the influences of diet, drugs, and gender on the composition of the intestinal flora are important factors in the early detection of CRC and prediction of the results of CRC treatment. Regulation of gut microbiota is one of the most promising new strategies for CRC treatment, and it is essential to clarify the effect of gut microbiota on CRC and its possible mechanisms to facilitate the prevention and treatment of CRC. This review discusses the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of CRC, the potential of gut microbiota as biomarkers for CRC, and therapeutic approaches to CRC based on the regulation of gut microbiota. It might provide new ideas for the use of gut microbiota in the prevention and treatment of CRC in the near future and thus reduce the incidence of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohua Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Lin
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaomi Zhu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Clinical Application, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Anqi Zeng,
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Linjiang Song,
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The involvement of gut microbiota in the anti-tumor effect of carnosic acid via IL-17 suppression in colorectal cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110080. [PMID: 35926579 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor that threatens human health worldwide. Disturbance of the gut microbiota caused by various external factors is one of the leading causes. Carnosic acid (CA) is a phenolic diterpene compound, mainly isolated from rosemary plants, with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of CA in CRC development and its underlying mechanisms in B6/JGpt-Apcem1Cin(min)/Gpt (ApcMin/+) mice based on the analysis of gut microbiota, serum metabolomics, and tumor proteomics. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot were performed to confirm the changes in cytokine and protein levels related to inflammation after CA administration. CA regulated the abundance of the gut microbiota, which further caused changes in the production of dl-lactic acid. CA suppressed the inflammatory response by reducing the levels of IL-1β, -6, and -17A. Overall, CA showed anti-CRC properties via modulation of gut microbiota and serum metabolites through NF-κB/STAT3 signaling to inhibit IL-17 expression in ApcMin/+ mice. These results provide experimental evidence for the future treatment of CRC with CA.
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Santhiravel S, Bekhit AEDA, Mendis E, Jacobs JL, Dunshea FR, Rajapakse N, Ponnampalam EN. The Impact of Plant Phytochemicals on the Gut Microbiota of Humans for a Balanced Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158124. [PMID: 35897699 PMCID: PMC9332059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract of humans is a complex microbial ecosystem known as gut microbiota. The microbiota is involved in several critical physiological processes such as digestion, absorption, and related physiological functions and plays a crucial role in determining the host’s health. The habitual consumption of specific dietary components can impact beyond their nutritional benefits, altering gut microbiota diversity and function and could manipulate health. Phytochemicals are non-nutrient biologically active plant components that can modify the composition of gut microflora through selective stimulation of proliferation or inhibition of certain microbial communities in the intestine. Plants secrete these components, and they accumulate in the cell wall and cell sap compartments (body) for their development and survival. These compounds have low bioavailability and long time-retention in the intestine due to their poor absorption, resulting in beneficial impacts on gut microbiota population. Feeding diets containing phytochemicals to humans and animals may offer a path to improve the gut microbiome resulting in improved performance and/or health and wellbeing. This review discusses the effects of phytochemicals on the modulation of the gut microbiota environment and the resultant benefits to humans; however, the effect of phytochemicals on the gut microbiota of animals is also covered, in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarusha Santhiravel
- Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Alaa El-Din A Bekhit
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Eresha Mendis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Joe L Jacobs
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Ellinbank, VIC 3821, Australia
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Niranjan Rajapakse
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Eric N Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
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Yan S, Chang J, Hao X, Liu J, Tan X, Geng Z, Wang Z. Berberine regulates short-chain fatty acid metabolism and alleviates the colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis through remodeling intestinal flora. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154217. [PMID: 35660350 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is known to be a complex combination of tumor cells, non-tumor cells and a large intestinal flora. The increasing role of intestinal flora in CAC may represent a new approach to improving CAC treatment. Berberine can reduce colorectal adenoma recurrence and inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis. PURPOSE Berberine has demonstrated efficacy for the control and suppression of CAC. Given the low oral absorption into the blood and large intestinal excretion of berberine, intestinal flora may be one of the important targets of berberine inhibiting the occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of berberine on intestinal flora in CAC mice and its ability to remodel intestinal flora to improve short-chain fatty acid metabolism. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The CAC model in mice was induced by Azoxymethane/Dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS). Berberine was administered daily at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, and aspirin was used as the positive control. The effect of berberine on colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis was assessed by general imaging, tumor counting, and Ki67 staining. Intestinal flora changes were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing technology. Targeted short-chain fatty acid detection was performed by GC-MS/MS, and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in feces were quantified with an ELISA kit. The signaling pathway of TLR4/NF-κB P65/IL-6/p-STAT3 was evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The expression levels of intestinal barrier functional biomarkers Occludin and ZO-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Fecal flora transplantation (FMT) was used to evaluate the effect of intestinal flora in inhibiting inflammatory cancer transformation by berberine. RESULTS Berberine reduced the number and load of tumors in CAC mice. Berberine remodeled the composition of pathogenic and beneficial bacteria in mice with colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis. Berberine treatment resulted in increases in fecal butyric acid, acetic acid and propionic acid levels, but did not alter isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid and caproic acid. In addition, berberine reduced LPS content in feces in mice with colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis. Occludin and ZO-1 were upregulated, and the TLR4/p-NF-κB p65/IL-6/p-STAT3 inflammatory-cancer transformation pathway was inhibited with berberine. The FMT results further verified that the berberine-treated intestinal flora was sufficient to alleviate the occurrence of colonic tumors associated with colitis in mice. CONCLUSION Our study showed that berberine alleviated the colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis from three equilibrium levels: (1) Pathogenic and beneficial bacteria; (2) Short-chain fatty acids and LPS produced by intestinal flora; and (3) Inflammatory cancer transformation signaling and intestinal barrier function. This study provided a new approach and experimental basis for the application of berberine in the treatment of CAC in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Jiayin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xuehui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Xiying Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Zhirong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Zhilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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He J, Ye S, Correia P, Fernandes I, Zhang R, Wu M, Freitas V, Mateus N, Oliveira H. Dietary polyglycosylated anthocyanins, the smart option? A comprehensive review on their health benefits and technological applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3096-3128. [PMID: 35534086 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, anthocyanins have emerged as one of the most enthralling groups of natural phenolic compounds and more than 700 distinct structures have already been identified, illustrating the exceptional variety spread in nature. The interest raised around anthocyanins goes way beyond their visually appealing colors and their acknowledged structural and biological properties have fueled intensive research toward their application in different contexts. However, the high susceptibility of monoglycosylated anthocyanins to degradation under certain external conditions might compromise their application. In that regard, polyglycosylated anthocyanins (PGA) might offer an alternative to overcome this issue, owing to their peculiar structure and consequent less predisposition to degradation. The most recent scientific and technological findings concerning PGA and their food sources are thoroughly described and discussed in this comprehensive review. Different issues, including their physical-chemical characteristics, consumption, bioavailability, and biological relevance in the context of different pathologies, are covered in detail, along with the most relevant prospective technological applications. Due to their complex structure and acyl groups, most of the PGA exhibit an overall higher stability than the monoglycosylated ones. Their versatility allows them to act in a wide range of pathologies, either by acting directly in molecular pathways or by modulating the disease environment attributing an added value to their food sources. Their recent usage for technological applications has also been particularly successful in different industry fields including food and smart packaging or in solar energy production systems. Altogether, this review aims to put into perspective the current state and future research on PGA and their food sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingren He
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuxin Ye
- Yun-Hong Group Co. Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Patrícia Correia
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Iva Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Zhang
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muci Wu
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Victor Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mateus
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Insight into the Progress on Natural Dyes: Sources, Structural Features, Health Effects, Challenges, and Potential. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103291. [PMID: 35630767 PMCID: PMC9144664 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dyes play an important role in food, medicine, textile, and other industries, which make human life more colorful. With the increasing demand for food safety, the development of natural dyes becomes more and more attractive. (2) Methods: The literature was searched using the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and SciFinder and this scoping review was carried out following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). (3) Results: 248 articles were included in this review. This review summarizes the research progress on natural dyes in the last ten years. According to structural features, natural dyes mainly include carotenoids, polyphenols, porphyrins, and alkaloids, and some of the newest dyes are summarized. Some pharmacological activities of carotenoids, anthocyanin, curcumin, and betalains in the last 10 years are summarized, and the biological effects of dyes regarding illumination conditions. The disadvantages of natural dyes, including sources, cost, stability, and poor bioavailability, limit their application. Here, some feasible strategies (potential resources, biotechnology, new extraction and separation strategies, strategies for improving stability) are described, which will contribute to the development and utilization of natural dyes. (4) Conclusion: Natural dyes show health benefits and potential in food additives. However, it is necessary for natural dyes to pass toxicity tests and quality tests and receive many regulatory approvals before their final entry into the market as food colorants or as drugs.
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Zong S, Ye H, Ye Z, He Y, Zhang X, Ye M. Polysaccharides from Lachnum sp. Inhibited colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis in mice by modulating fecal microbiota and metabolites. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108656. [PMID: 35390743 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is still uncertain whether the consumption of Lachnum sp. polysaccharides (LEP) alleviates colorectal cancer (CRC) through the gut microbiota. In this study, our efforts are focused on the influence of LEP on CRC, intestinal barrier and inflammation, and fecal microbiota and the metabolites, in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CRC mice. Results showed that LEP inhibited CRC mouse colon shortening and weight loss, decreased tumor incidence, restored intestinal barrier integrity, and reduced excessive inflammation. LEP consumption significantly altered microbiota overall structure and community, with reduced pernicious bacteria (such as Parabacteroides, Escherichia_Shigella, Desulfovibrio and Helicobacter), and increased beneficial bacterium (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella and Ruminiclostridium). Fecal-metabolome profile indicated that a total of 43 metabolites were clearly changed, with 10 down-regulated and 33 up-regulated metabolites. In addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, were significantly increased after LEP administration. Moreover, a strong correlation between the fluctuant gut microbiota and metabolites was found. These findings provided not only deeper insights into the responsibility of LEP for CRC alleviation, and but also the potential of LEP as a promising candidate for CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zong
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Hongling Ye
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fashion Technology, Anqing Vocational and Technical College, Anqing 246003, China
| | - Ziyang Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yaling He
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xinmiao Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Ming Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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Qi Q, Chu M, Yu X, Xie Y, Li Y, Du Y, Liu X, Zhang Z, Shi J, Yan N. Anthocyanins and Proanthocyanidins: Chemical Structures, Food Sources, Bioactivities, and Product Development. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2029479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Qi
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meijun Chu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiuting Yu
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanning Xie
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yali Li
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Du
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongfeng Zhang
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - John Shi
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Ning Yan
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Zhang S, Xu M, Sun X, Liu X, Choueiry F, Xu R, Shi H, Zhu J. Black raspberry extract shifted gut microbe diversity and their metabolic landscape in a human colonic model. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1188:123027. [PMID: 34864424 PMCID: PMC8752492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.123027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Human gut microbiota is critical for human health, as their dysbiosis could lead to various diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome and obesity. Black raspberry (BRB) has been increasingly studied recently for its impact on gut microbiota as a rich source of phytochemicals (e.g., anthocyanin). To investigate the effect of BRB extract on the gut microbiota composition and their metabolism, an in-vitro human colonic model (HCM) was utilized to study the direct interaction between BRB and gut microbiome. Conditions (e.g., pH, temperature, anaerobic environment) in HCM were closely monitored and maintained to simulate the human intestinal system. Fresh fecal samples donated by three young healthy volunteers were used for gut microbiota inoculation in the HCM. 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing and liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) based metabolomics were performed to study the impact of BRB on gut microbiota characteristics and their metabolism (fatty acids, polar metabolites, and phenolic compounds). Our data suggested that BRB intervention modulated gut microbiota at the genus level in different HCM sections mimicing ascending, transverse, and descending colons. Relative abundance of Enterococcus was commonly decreased in all colon sections, while modulations of other bacteria genera were mostly location-dependent. Meanwhile, significant changes in the metabolic profile of gut microbiota related to fatty acids, endogenous polar metabolites, and phenolic compounds were detected, in which arginine and proline metabolism, lysine degradation, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis were mostly regulated. Moreover, we identified several significant associations between altered microbial populations and changes in microbial metabolites. In summary, our study revealed the impact of BRB intervention on gut microbiota composition and metabolism change, which may exert physiological change to host metabolism and host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhang
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mengyang Xu
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xuyu Liu
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fouad Choueiry
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Haifei Shi
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Li X, Chen L, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Chang AK, Yang Z, Bi X. Black raspberry anthocyanins increased the antiproliferative effects of 5-Fluorouracil and Celecoxib in colorectal cancer cells and mouse model. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Renaud V, Houde VP, Pilon G, Varin TV, Roblet C, Marette A, Boutin Y, Bazinet L. The Concentration of Organic Acids in Cranberry Juice Modulates the Gut Microbiota in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11537. [PMID: 34768966 PMCID: PMC8584276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A daily consumption of cranberry juice (CJ) is linked to many beneficial health effects due to its richness in polyphenols but could also awake some intestinal discomforts due to its organic acid content and possibly lead to intestinal inflammation. Additionally, the impact of such a juice on the gut microbiota is still unknown. Thus, this study aimed to determine the impacts of a daily consumption of CJ and its successive deacidification on the intestinal inflammation and on the gut microbiota in mice. Four deacidified CJs (DCJs) (deacidification rates of 0, 40, 60, and 80%) were produced by electrodialysis with bipolar membrane (EDBM) and administered to C57BL/6J mice for four weeks, while the diet (CHOW) and the water were ad libitum. Different parameters were measured to determine intestinal inflammation when the gut microbiota was profiled. Treatment with a 0% DCJ did not induce intestinal inflammation but increased the gut microbiota diversity and induced a modulation of its functions in comparison with control (water). The effect of the removal of the organic acid content of CJ on the decrease of intestinal inflammation could not be observed. However, deacidification by EDBM of CJ induced an additional increase, in comparison with a 0% DCJ, in the Lachnospiraceae family which have beneficial effects and functions associated with protection of the intestine: the lower the organic acid content, the more bacteria of the Lachnospiraceae family and functions having a positive impact on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentine Renaud
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (V.R.); (V.P.H.); (G.P.); (T.V.V.); (A.M.); (Y.B.)
- Laboratoire de Transformation Alimentaire et Procédés ElectroMembranaires (LTAPEM, Laboratory of Food Processing and ElectroMembrane Processes), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vanessa P. Houde
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (V.R.); (V.P.H.); (G.P.); (T.V.V.); (A.M.); (Y.B.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (V.R.); (V.P.H.); (G.P.); (T.V.V.); (A.M.); (Y.B.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Thibault V. Varin
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (V.R.); (V.P.H.); (G.P.); (T.V.V.); (A.M.); (Y.B.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | | | - André Marette
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (V.R.); (V.P.H.); (G.P.); (T.V.V.); (A.M.); (Y.B.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Yvan Boutin
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (V.R.); (V.P.H.); (G.P.); (T.V.V.); (A.M.); (Y.B.)
- TransBioTech, Lévis, QC G6V 6Z3, Canada
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (V.R.); (V.P.H.); (G.P.); (T.V.V.); (A.M.); (Y.B.)
- Laboratoire de Transformation Alimentaire et Procédés ElectroMembranaires (LTAPEM, Laboratory of Food Processing and ElectroMembrane Processes), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Sharma A, Choi HK, Kim YK, Lee HJ. Delphinidin and Its Glycosides' War on Cancer: Preclinical Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11500. [PMID: 34768930 PMCID: PMC8583959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Until now, several studies have looked at the issue of anthocyanin and cancer, namely the preventive and inhibitory effects of anthocyanins, as well as the underlying molecular processes. However, no targeted review is available regarding the anticarcinogenic effects of delphinidin and its glycosides on various cancers and their plausible molecular mechanisms. Considerable evidence shows significant anticancer properties of delphinidin-rich preparations and delphinidin alone both in vitro and in vivo. This review covers the in vitro and preclinical implications of delphinidin-mediated cell protection and cancer prevention; thus, we strongly recommend that delphinidin-rich preparations be further investigated as potential functional food, dietary antioxidant supplements, and natural health products targeting specific chronic diseases, including cancer. In addition to in vitro investigations, future research should focus on more animal and human studies to determine the true potential of delphinidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Sharma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Yeon-Kye Kim
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gijang-eup, Busan 46083, Korea;
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Shi N, Chen X, Chen T. Anthocyanins in Colorectal Cancer Prevention Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101600. [PMID: 34679735 PMCID: PMC8533526 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a big health burden worldwide. Nutrition and dietary factors are known to affect colorectal cancer development and prognosis. The protective roles of diets rich in fruits and vegetables have been previously reported to contain high levels of cancer-fighting phytochemicals. Anthocyanins are the most abundant flavonoid compounds that are responsible for the bright colors of most blue, purple, and red fruits and vegetables, and have been shown to contribute to the protective effects of fruits and vegetables against cancer and other chronic diseases. Berries and grapes are the most common anthocyanin-rich fruits with antitumor effects. The antitumor effects of anthocyanins are determined by their structures and bioavailability as well as how they are metabolized. In this review, we aimed to discuss the preventive as well as therapeutic potentials of anthocyanins in CRC. We summarized the antitumor effects of anthocyanins and the mechanisms of action. We also discussed the potential pharmaceutical application of anthocyanins in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, 1800 Cannon Drive, 13th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George St., Durham, NC 27707, USA;
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, 1800 Cannon Drive, 13th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(614)-685-9119
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Appunni S, Rubens M, Ramamoorthy V, Tonse R, Saxena A, McGranaghan P, Kaiser A, Kotecha R. Emerging Evidence on the Effects of Dietary Factors on the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer. Front Nutr 2021; 8:718389. [PMID: 34708063 PMCID: PMC8542705 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.718389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary factors have important role in modulating the gut microbiome, which in-turn regulates the molecular events in colonic mucosa. The composition and resulting metabolism of the gut microbiome are decisive factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis. Altered gut microbiome is associated with impaired immune response, and the release of carcinogenic or genotoxic substances which are the major microbiome-induced mechanisms implicated in CRC pathogenesis. Diets low in dietary fibers and phytomolecules as well as high in red meat are important dietary changes which predispose to CRC. Dietary fibers which reach the colon in an undigested form are further metabolized by the gut microbiome into enterocyte friendly metabolites such as short chain fatty acid (SCFA) which provide anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Healthy microbiome supported by dietary fibers and phytomolecules could decrease cell proliferation by regulating the epigenetic events which activate proto-oncogenes and oncogenic pathways. Emerging evidence show that predominance of microbes such as Fusobacterium nucleatum can predispose the colonic mucosa to malignant transformation. Dietary and lifestyle modifications have been demonstrated to restrict the growth of potentially harmful opportunistic organisms. Synbiotics can protect the intestinal mucosa by improving immune response and decreasing the production of toxic metabolites, oxidative stress and cell proliferation. In this narrative review, we aim to update the emerging evidence on how diet could modulate the gut microbial composition and revive colonic epithelium. This review highlights the importance of healthy plant-based diet and related supplements in CRC prevention by improving the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Appunni
- Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Muni Rubens
- Office of Clinical Research, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Raees Tonse
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Anshul Saxena
- Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Peter McGranaghan
- Office of Clinical Research, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Adeel Kaiser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Rupesh Kotecha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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The Role of Polyphenols in Regulation of Heat Shock Proteins and Gut Microbiota in Weaning Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6676444. [PMID: 34531940 PMCID: PMC8440081 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6676444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is the natural residents of the intestinal ecosystem which display multiple functions that provide beneficial effects on host physiology. Disturbances in gut microbiota in weaning stress are regulated by the immune system and oxidative stress-related protein pathways. Weaning stress also alters gut microbiota response, limits digestibility, and influences animal productive performance through the production of inflammatory molecules. Heat shock proteins are the molecular chaperones that perform array functions from physiological to pathological point of view and remodeling cellular stress response. As it is involved in the defense mechanism, polyphenols ensure cellular tolerance against enormous stimuli. Polyphenols are nature-blessed compounds that show their existence in plenty of amounts. Due to their wider availability and popularity, they can exert strong immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. Their promising health-promoting effects have been demonstrated in different cellular and animal studies. Dietary interventions with polyphenols may alter the gut microbiome response and attenuate the weaning stress related to inflammation. Further, polyphenols elicit health-favored effects through ameliorating inflammatory processes to improve digestibility and thereby exert a protective effect on animal production. Here, in this article, we will expand the role of dietary polyphenol intervention strategies in weaning stress which perturbs gut microbiota function and also paid emphasis to heat shock proteins in gut health. This review article gives new direction to the feed industry to formulate diet containing polyphenols which would have a significant impact on animal health.
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Chen Y, Chen YX. Microbiota-Associated Metabolites and Related Immunoregulation in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4054. [PMID: 34439208 PMCID: PMC8394439 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of research has found close links between the human gut microbiota and colorectal cancer (CRC), associated with the direct actions of specific bacteria and the activities of microbiota-derived metabolites, which are implicated in complex immune responses, thus influencing carcinogenesis. Diet has a significant impact on the structure of the microbiota and also undergoes microbial metabolism. Some metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole derivatives, act as protectors against cancer by regulating immune responses, while others may promote cancer. However, the specific influence of these metabolites on the host is conditional. We reviewed the recent insights on the relationships among diet, microbiota-derived metabolites, and CRC, focusing on their intricate immunomodulatory responses, which might influence the progression of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying-Xuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200001, China;
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Chen L, Zhou X, Wang Y, Wang D, Ke Y, Zeng X. Propionate and Butyrate Produced by Gut Microbiota after Probiotic Supplementation Attenuate Lung Metastasis of Melanoma Cells in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100096. [PMID: 34061433 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The beneficial effects of probiotics in reducing gastrointestinal inflammation and in preventing colorectal cancer have been reported, but the mechanism underlying the immunomodulatory effect of probiotics in inhibiting extra-intestinal tumor progression remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS This study shows that probiotic supplementation attenuate lung metastasis of melanoma cells in mice. Feeding mice with VSL#3 probiotics change the composition and proportion of gut microbiota. The changes in gut bacteria composition, such as in the abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Streptococcus, and Lachnoclostridium, are associated with the production of short-chain fatty acids in the gut. The concentrations of propionate and butyrate are upregulated in gut and blood after feeding VSL#3, and the increase in propionate and butyrate levels promotes the expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) in lung endothelial cells and the recruitment of T helper 17 (Th17) cells to the lungs via the CCL20/chemokine receptor 6 axis. The recruitment of Th17 cells decreases the number of tumor foci in lungs and attenuates the lung metastasis of melanoma cells in mice. CONCLUSIONS The results provide new information on the role and mechanisms of action of probiotics in attenuating extra-intestinal tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Dake Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Yueshuang Ke
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
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Sasaki K, Geribaldi-Doldan N, Szele FG, Isoda H. Grape skin extract modulates neuronal stem cell proliferation and improves spatial learning in senescence-accelerated prone 8 mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:18131-18149. [PMID: 34319910 PMCID: PMC8351719 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of patients with neurodegenerative illness such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has increased with the aging of the population. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Grape skin extract (GSE) on neurotypic SH-SY5Y cells as an in vitro AD model, murine neurospheres as an ex vivo neurogenesis model and SAMP8 mice as an in vivo AD model. Our in vitro result showed that pre-treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with GSE ameliorated Aβ-induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, GSE treatment significantly decreased the number of neurospheres, but increased their size suggesting reduced stem cell self-renewal but increased proliferation. Our in vivo Morris water maze test indicated that GSE improves learning and memory in SAMP8 mice. To detect proliferation and newborn neurons, we measured BrdU+ cells in the dentate gyrus (DG). GSE treatment increased the number of BrdU+ cells in the DG of SAMP8 mice. Finally, we showed that GSE induced a decrease in inflammatory cytokines and an increase in neurotransmitters in the cerebral cortex of SAMP8 mice. These results suggested that GSE increased neurogenic zone proliferation and memory but decreased oxidative stress associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines in aging, thus protecting neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Sasaki
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.,Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) and University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Noelia Geribaldi-Doldan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Francis G Szele
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.,Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) and University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.,Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum-fermented mulberry pomace on antioxidant properties and fecal microbial community. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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