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Egea MB, Pierce G, Luo T, Becraft A, Shay N. Intake of an enological oak tannin powder alters hepatic gene express patterns indicative of a reduction of inflammation in male mice fed an obesogenic diet. Food Funct 2022; 13:9754-9760. [PMID: 36148774 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01286c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysable tannins, mainly gallotannins and ellagitannins, either extracted directly from oak or as a part of lyophilized extracts from finished wine, have been associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may benefit human health. In this work we hypothesized that a commercially available oak tannin powder provided to C57BL/6J male mice fed a western-style obesogenic diet for 10 weeks would significantly alter hepatic gene expression patterns as determined by RNA sequencing. Over two-thousand genes were uniquely expressed between three different diet groups. Among the 25 canonical pathways that were significantly regulated, intake of oak powder reduced the TNF-alpha/NF-κB, complement activation, IL-5, and Type II interferon signaling; these significant reductions are consistent with a reduction in chronic systemic inflammation associated with consumption of a commercially prepared enological oak tannin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Buranelo Egea
- Food Science and Technology, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Brazil
| | - Gavin Pierce
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.
| | - Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Alexandra Becraft
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.
| | - Neil Shay
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, 202 Wiegand Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.
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Selmin OI, Papoutsis AJ, Hazan S, Smith C, Greenfield N, Donovan MG, Wren SN, Doetschman TC, Snider JM, Snider AJ, Chow SHH, Romagnolo DF. n-6 High Fat Diet Induces Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Colonic Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136919. [PMID: 34203196 PMCID: PMC8269411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Concerns are emerging that a high-fat diet rich in n-6 PUFA (n-6HFD) may alter gut microbiome and increase the risk of intestinal disorders. Research is needed to model the relationships between consumption of an n-6HFD starting at weaning and development of gut dysbiosis and colonic inflammation in adulthood. We used a C57BL/6J mouse model to compare the effects of exposure to a typical American Western diet (WD) providing 58.4%, 27.8%, and 13.7% energy (%E) from carbohydrates, fat, and protein, respectively, with those of an isocaloric and isoproteic soybean oil-rich n-6HFD providing 50%E and 35.9%E from total fat and carbohydrates, respectively on gut inflammation and microbiome profile. Methods: At weaning, male offspring were assigned to either the WD or n-6HFD through 10-16 weeks of age. The WD included fat exclusively from palm oil whereas the n-6HFD contained fat exclusively from soybean oil. We recorded changes in body weight, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, colon histopathology, and gut microbiome profile. Results: Compared to the WD, the n-6HFD increased plasma levels of n-6 fatty acids; colonic expression of COX-2; and the number of colonic inflammatory and hyperplastic lesions. At 16 weeks of age, the n-6HFD caused a marked reduction in the gut presence of Firmicutes, Clostridia, and Lachnospiraceae, and induced growth of Bacteroidetes and Deferribacteraceae. At the species level, the n-6HFD sustains the gut growth of proinflammatory Mucispirillum schaedleri and Lactobacillus murinus. Conclusions: An n-6HFD consumed from weaning to adulthood induces a shift in gut bacterial profile associated with colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella I. Selmin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (O.I.S.); (S.N.W.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.S.)
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | | | - Sabine Hazan
- ProgenomaBiome, Ventura, CA 93003, USA; (A.J.P.); (S.H.)
| | | | | | - Micah G. Donovan
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Spencer N. Wren
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (O.I.S.); (S.N.W.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Thomas C. Doetschman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Justin M. Snider
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (O.I.S.); (S.N.W.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Ashley J. Snider
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (O.I.S.); (S.N.W.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Sherry H.-H. Chow
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Donato F. Romagnolo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (O.I.S.); (S.N.W.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.S.)
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Exposure to maternal high-fat diet induces extensive changes in the brain of adult offspring. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:149. [PMID: 33654064 PMCID: PMC7925669 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal environmental exposures, such as high-fat diets, diabetes and obesity, can induce long-term effects in offspring. These effects include increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), depression and anxiety. The mechanisms underlying these late-life neurologic effects are unknown. In this article, we measured changes in the offspring brain and determined which brain regions are sensitive to maternal metabolic milieu and therefore may mediate NDD risk. We showed that mice exposed to a maternal high-fat diet display extensive brain changes in adulthood despite being switched to a low-fat diet at weaning. Brain regions impacted by early-life diet include the extended amygdalar system, which plays an important role in reward-seeking behaviour. Genes preferentially expressed in these regions have functions related to feeding behaviour, while also being implicated in human NDDs, such as autism. Our data demonstrated that exposure to maternal high-fat diet in early-life leads to brain alterations that persist into adulthood, even after dietary modifications.
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