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Li Q, Feng H, Tian Q, Xiang Y, Wang X, He YX, Zhu K. Discovery of antibacterial diketones against gram-positive bacteria. Cell Chem Biol 2024:S2451-9456(24)00277-0. [PMID: 39089260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
The rapid rise of antibiotic resistance calls for the discovery of new antibiotics with distinct antibacterial mechanisms. New target mining is indispensable for developing antibiotics. Plant-microbial antibiotics are appealing to underexplored sources due to a dearth of comprehensive understanding of antibacterial activity and the excavation of new targets. Here, a series of phloroglucinol derivatives of plant-root-associated Pseudomonas fluorescens were synthesized for structure-activity relationship analysis. Notably, 2,4-diproylphloroglucinol (DPPG) displayed efficient bactericidal activity against a wide range of gram-positive bacteria. Importantly, mechanistic study exhibits that DPPG binds to type II NADH dehydrogenase (NDH-2), an essential enzyme catalyzing the transfer of electrons from NADH to quinones in the electron transport chain (ETC), blocking electron transfer in S. aureus. Last, we validated the efficacy of DPPG in vivo through animal infection models. Our findings not only provide a distinct antibiotic lead to treat multidrug resistant pathogens but also identify a promising antibacterial target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hanzhong Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yong-Xing He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Kui Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Truong-Bolduc QC, Wang Y, Lawton BG, Brown Harding H, Yonker LM, Vyas JM, Hooper DC. Phenazine-1 carboxylic acid of Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces the expression of Staphylococcus aureus Tet38 MDR efflux pump and mediates resistance to phenazines and antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024:e0063624. [PMID: 39028191 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00636-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we showed that phenazine-1 carboxylic acid (PCA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced the expression of Tet38 efflux pump triggering Staphylococcus aureus resistance to tetracycline and phenazines. Exposure of S. aureus RN6390 to supernatants of P. aeruginosa PA14 and its pyocyanin (PYO)-deficient mutants showed that P. aeruginosa non-PYO phenazines could induce the expression of Tet38 efflux pump. Direct exposure of RN6390 to PCA compound at 0.25× MIC led to a five-fold increase in tet38 transcripts. Expression of Tet38 protein was identified through confocal microscopy using RN6390(pRN-tet38p-yfp) that expressed YFP under control of the tet38 promoter by PCA at 0.25× MIC. The MICs of PCA of a Tet38-overexpressor and a Δtet38 mutant showed a three-fold increase and a two-fold decrease, respectively, compared with that of wild-type. Pre-exposure of RN6390 to PCA (0.25× MIC) for 1 hour prior to addition of tetracycline (1× or 10× MIC) improved bacteria viability of 1.5-fold and 2.6-fold, respectively, but addition of NaCl 7% together with tetracycline at 10× MIC reduced the number of viable PCA-exposed RN6390 of a 2.0-log10 CFU/mL. The transcript levels of tetR21, a repressor of tet38, decreased and increased two-fold in the presence of PCA and NaCl, respectively, suggesting that the effects of PCA and NaCl on tet38 production occurred through TetR21 expression. These data suggest that PCA-induced Tet38 protects S. aureus against tetracycline during coinfection with P. aeruginosa; however, induced tet38-mediated S. aureus resistance to tetracycline is reversed by NaCl 7%, a nebulized treatment used to enhance sputum mobilization in CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q C Truong-Bolduc
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - B G Lawton
- Department of Pediatrics, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Brown Harding
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L M Yonker
- Department of Pediatrics, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J M Vyas
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D C Hooper
- Infectious Diseases Division and Medical Services, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Chakraborty S, Mohanty D, Chowdhury A, Krishna H, Taraphdar D, Chitnis S, Sodani S, Sahu K, Majumder SK. In vitro photoinactivation effectiveness of a portable LED device aimed for intranasal photodisinfection and a photosensitizer formulation comprising methylene blue and potassium iodide against bacterial, fungal, and viral respiratory pathogens. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:60. [PMID: 38353734 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-03996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) can be a viable option for management of intranasal infections. However, there are light delivery, fluence, and photosensitizer-related challenges. We report in vitro effectiveness of an easily fabricated, low-cost, portable, LED device and a formulation comprising methylene blue (MB) and potassium iodide (KI) for photoinactivation of pathogens of the nasal cavity, namely, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, multi-antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida spp., and SARS-CoV-2.In a 96-well plate, microbial suspensions incubated with 0.005% MB alone or MB and KI formulation were exposed to different red light (~ 660 ± 25 nm) fluence using the LED device fitted to each well. Survival loss in bacteria and fungi was quantified using colony-forming unit assay, and SARS-CoV-2 photodamage was assessed by RT-PCR.The results suggest that KI addition to MB leads to KI concentration-dependent potentiation (up to ~ 5 log10) of photoinactivation in bacteria and fungi. aPDT in the presence of 25 or 50 mM KI shows the following photoinactivation trend; Gm + ve bacteria > Gm - ve bacteria > fungi > virus. aPDT in the presence of 100 mM KI, using 3- or 5-min red light exposure, results in complete eradication of bacteria or fungi, respectively. For SARS-CoV-2, aPDT using MB-KI leads to a ~ 6.5 increase in cycle threshold value.The results demonstrate the photoinactivation effectiveness of the device and MB-KI formulation, which may be helpful in designing of an optimized protocol for future intranasal photoinactivation studies in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabrata Chakraborty
- Laser Biomedical Applications Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Indore, 452013, India
| | - Deepanwita Mohanty
- Laser Biomedical Applications Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Indore, 452013, India
| | - Anupam Chowdhury
- Laser Biomedical Applications Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Indore, 452013, India
| | - Hemant Krishna
- Laser Biomedical Applications Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Indore, 452013, India
| | | | | | | | - Khageswar Sahu
- Laser Biomedical Applications Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Indore, 452013, India.
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - Shovan Kumar Majumder
- Laser Biomedical Applications Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Indore, 452013, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
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Westgeest AC, Hanssen JLJ, de Boer MGJ, Schippers EF, Lambregts MMC. Eradication of community-onset Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage: a narrative review. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024:S1198-743X(24)00009-0. [PMID: 38215977 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization increases infection risk in both patients and healthy individuals. Decolonization therapy has been proven to reduce S. aureus infections, but data on the effectiveness of individual decolonization strategies in community-onset MRSA carriage are scarce. OBJECTIVES The aim of this narrative review was to summarize the evidence on strategies for the elimination of MRSA colonization in community-onset MRSA carriers. SOURCES PubMed database was searched for studies on MRSA eradication, from inception to July 2023. CONTENT Topical therapy is proven to be effective in nasal-only carriage and in temporary load reduction. Mupirocin nasal ointment in combination with chlorhexidine body wash is highly effective in nasal-only MRSA carriers in the community as well. In patients with extra-nasal colonization, addition of orally administered antibiotics likely increases success rates compared with topical therapy alone. Studies on systemic treatment of extra-nasal MRSA decolonization are subject to a high heterogeneity of antimicrobial agents, treatment duration, and control groups. The majority of evidence supports the use of a combination of topical therapy with rifampin and another antimicrobial agent. Decolonization treatment with probiotics is a promising novel non-antibiotic strategy. However, achieving long-term decolonization is more likely in countries with low MRSA prevalence, given the risk of recolonization in a context of high MRSA prevalence. IMPLICATIONS The decision to pursue community-onset MRSA eradication treatment in the individual patient should be based on the combination of the treatment objective (short-term bacterial load reduction in health care settings vs. long-term eradication in community settings), and the likelihood of successful decolonization. The latter is influenced by both individual risk factors for treatment failure, and the risk of recolonization. The addition of a combination of systemic antibiotics is rational for extra-nasal long-term decolonization. To determine the most effective systemic antimicrobial agents in MRSA decolonization, more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette C Westgeest
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Jaap L J Hanssen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mark G J de Boer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Emile F Schippers
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Merel M C Lambregts
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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