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Ferreira F, Gonçalves Bacelar C, Lisboa-Gonçalves P, Paulo N, Quental R, Nunes AT, Silva R, Tavares I. Renal manifestations in adults with mitochondrial disease from the mtDNA m.3243A>G pathogenic variant. Nefrologia 2023; 43 Suppl 2:1-7. [PMID: 38355238 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a phenotype and genotype heterogeneous group of disorders that typically have a multisystemic involvement. The m.3243A>G pathogenic variant is the most frequent mitochondrial DNA defect, and it causes several different clinical syndromes, such as mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), and the maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) syndromes. Not frequently reported, renal involvement in these diseases is probably underestimated, yet it increases morbidity. It generally manifests as subnephrotic proteinuria and progressive deterioration of kidney function. Adult presentation of mitochondrial diseases is hard to recognize, especially in oligosymptomatic patients or those with exclusive kidney involvement. However, suspicion should always arise when family history, particularly on the maternal side, and multisystemic symptoms, most often of the central nervous system and skeletal muscles, are present. In this review we discuss the clinical diagnosis and approach of patients with renal manifestations in the context of the mtDNA m.3243A>G pathogenic variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Ferreira
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | | | - Pedro Lisboa-Gonçalves
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Núria Paulo
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Quental
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Nunes
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Nefrologia e Doenças Infeciosas, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roberto Silva
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Tavares
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Nefrologia e Doenças Infeciosas, I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Bai W, Zhang Q, Fan Y, Han T, Gu N, Zhang Y, Liang F, Ma Y, Xiong H. Case report: mitochondrial diabetes mellitus in a Chinese family due to m.3243A>G. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 36:777-781. [PMID: 37459161 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mitochondrial diabetes mellitus is caused by dysfunctional mitochondria and is often misdiagnosed because of its various clinical manifestations. It's even rarer in children, and without a clear family history of diabetes with hearing loss, it's often difficult to diagnose. CASE PRESENTATION This is a case study of a family with maternally inherited diabetes mellitus and deafness (MIDD). The proband was an adolescent girl with diabetes with a family history of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) for three generations. Family members have undetected hearing impaired. The proband could not be diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) or T2DM. Therefore, whole exome and mitochondrial gene sequencing was performed, which identified an m.3243A>G mutation in the mitochondrial DNA. CONCLUSIONS This suggests that we should be alert to the possibility of hereditary diabetes, especially mitochondrial diabetes in patients with atypical diabetes. A thorough physical examination is very important. What is new: (1) Mitochondrial diabetes in childhood may not be accompanied by deafness even with highly heteroplasmy levels. (2) In MIDD patients, sometimes hearing loss cannot be perceived, which requires us to conduct detailed physical examinations and related examinations. (3) The use of metformin in MIDD patients did not have adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital-Mi Yun Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tianyan Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital-Mi Yun Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Nan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Furong Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Ma
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
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Ogunlana OO, Adetuyi BO, Rotimi M, Esalomi L, Adeyemi A, Akinyele J, Ogunlana OE, Adetuyi OA, Adebisi OA, Opata EK, Baty RS, Batiha GES. Hypoglycemic and antioxidative activities of ethanol seed extract of Hunteria umbellate (Hallier F.) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diabetes, a global cause of mortality in developing countries is a chronic disorder affecting the metabolism of macromolecules and has been attributed to the defective production and action of insulin characterized by persistent hyperglycemic properties. This global disorder harms organs of the body such as the liver, kidney and spleen. Medicinal plants such as Hunteria umbellate have been shown to possess hypoglycemic, antioxidative and anti-diabetic properties owing to the high concentration of active phytochemical constituents like flavonoids and alkaloids.
The present study seeks to evaluate the hypoglycemic activities of ethanolic seed extract of Hunteria umbellate on streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats.
Methods
Thirty (30) female experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups with six rats per group and were administered streptozotocin (STZ) and Hunteria umbellate as follows. Group 1 served as control and was given only distilled water, group 2 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ; Group 3 was administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 100 mg/kg metformin; group 4 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 800 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate, group 5 rats 60 mg/kg STZ and 400 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate. The fasting blood glucose level of each rat was measured before sacrifice. Rats were then sacrificed 24 h after the last dose of treatment.
Results
The results showed that Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in fasting blood glucose and increase in body and organs weight of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced decrease in antioxidant enzyme in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in oxidative stress markers in liver, kidney and spleen of rats.
Conclusion
Collectively, our results provide convincing information that inhibition of oxidative stress and regulation of blood glucose level are major mechanisms through which Hunteria umbellate protects against streptozotocin-induced diabketes rats.
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Li H, Lv J, Zhou Q, Jin L, Kang Z, Huang Y. Establishment of sperm associated antigen 6 gene knockout mouse model and its mechanism of deafness. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1289-1295. [PMID: 32346337 PMCID: PMC7182980 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of knocking out the Sperm associated antigen6 (Spag6) gene on the auditory system of mice, the heterozygous type Spag6 knockout mouse model built in the previous period was used for mating and breeding, and homozygous type Spag6 gene knockout mouse (Spag-/-), heterozygous type Spag6 gene knockout mouse (Spag+/-) and wild type mouse (Spag+/+) were obtained. PCR technology was used to verify mouse models with different genotypes. After verification, the hearing threshold responses of Spag+/+ and Spag-/- genotype mice were detected. The localization of Spag6 gene in the basal membrane of the cochlea of the inner ear was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The changes of middle ear tissues were observed by H.E. staining sections. The relative expression of Prestin gene and Pgrn gene in different age mice was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The relative expression of Prestin gene was detected by western blot. The results showed that Spag-/- mice had hearing impairment compared with Spag+/+ mice. And Spag6 protein is distributed in different genotypes of mouse hair cells; Spag-/- mice showed otitis media. The expression of Prestin mRNA and protein in Spag-/- mice was significantly higher than that in Spag+/+ mice (P < 0.01). The expression of Pgrn gene in Spag+/+ mice was significantly higher than that in Spag-/- mice (P < 0.05). It indicates that the loss of Spag6 gene would lead to the decline of hearing sense in mice. It is likely that the Spag6 gene could affect hearing by regulating the expression of Prestin gene. And the absence of the Spag6 gene causes otitis media in mice. The results of this study can lay a theoretical foundation for the follow-up studies of Spag6 gene in deafness diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou city 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou city 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qinshuang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou city 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lanlan Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou city 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zonghui Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou city 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yideng Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou city 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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