1
|
Lu Y, Wang W, Tang Z, Chen L, Zhang M, Zhang Q, Wu L, Jiang J, Zhang X, He C, Peng H. A Prediction Model for Rapid Identification of Ischemic Stroke: Application of Serum Soluble Corin. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:2933-2943. [PMID: 36582588 PMCID: PMC9792811 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s395896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Rapid identification is critical for ischemic stroke due to the very narrow therapeutic time window. The objective of this study was to construct a diagnostic model for the rapid identification of ischemic stroke. Methods A mixture population constituted of patients with ischemic stroke (n = 481), patients with hemorrhagic stroke (n = 116), and healthy individuals from communities (n = 2498) were randomly resampled into training (n = 1547, mean age: 55 years, 44% males) and testing (n = 1548, mean age: 54 years, 43% males) samples. Serum corin was assayed using commercial ELISA kits. Potential risk factors including age, sex, education level, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, and medical history were obtained as candidate predictors. The diagnostic model of ischemic stroke was developed using a backward stepwise logistic regression model in the training sample and validated in the testing sample. Results The final diagnostic model included age, sex, cigarette smoking, family history of stroke, history of hypertension, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, and serum corin. The diagnostic model exhibited good discrimination in both training (AUC: 0.910, 95% CI: 0.884-0.936) and testing (AUC: 0.907, 95% CI: 0.881-0.934) samples. Calibration curves showed good concordance between the observed and predicted probability of ischemic stroke in both samples (all P>0.05). Conclusion We developed a simple diagnostic model with routinely available variables to assist rapid identification of ischemic stroke. The effectiveness and efficiency of this model warranted further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zijie Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Central Office, Suzhou National New and Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Department of Chronic Disease, Gusu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Suzhou Industrial Park Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Tuberculosis Control, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tuberculosis Control, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Hao Peng; Chuan He, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 512 6588 0079, Email ;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Different expression of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 and αII-spectrin in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: Potential biomarkers in diagnosis. Brain Res 2013; 1540:84-91. [PMID: 24140110 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The two primary categories of stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic, both have fundamentally different mechanisms and thus different treatment options. These two stroke categories were applied to rat models to identify potential biomarkers that can distinguish between them. Ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) without reperfusion while hemorrhagic stroke was induced by injecting collagenase IV into the striatum. Brain hemispheres and biofluids were collected at two time points: 3 and 6h after stroke. Known molecules were tested on the rat samples via quantitative immunoblotting (injured brain, CSF) and Banyan's proprietary ELISA assays (CSF, serum). The injured brain quantitative analyses revealed that αII-spectrin breakdown products (SBDP150, SBDP145) were strongly increased after 6h ischemia. In CSF, SBDP145 and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) levels were elevated after 6h ischemic stroke detected by Western blot and ELISA. In serum UCH-L1 levels were increased after 3 and 6h of ischemia detected by ELISA. However, levels of those proteins in hemorrhagic stroke remain normal. In summary, in both the brain and the biofluids, SBDPs and UCH-L1 were elevated after ischemic but not hemorrhagic stroke. These molecules behaved differently in the two stroke models and thus may be capable of being differentiated.
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Wang H, Chen J, Liu C, Li W, Kong J, Yang P, Liu B. A Sensitive Microchip-Based Immunosensor for Electrochemical Detection of Low-Level Biomarker S100B. ELECTROANAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
4
|
Whiteley W, Tseng MC, Sandercock P. Blood biomarkers in the diagnosis of ischemic stroke: a systematic review. Stroke 2008; 39:2902-9. [PMID: 18658039 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.107.511261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The diagnosis of ischemic stroke can be difficult. CT may be normal in the early stages of ischemic stroke or in patients with minor symptoms and MR is not always possible. Many blood markers have been proposed for the diagnosis of stroke in the acute setting. METHODS We have systematically reviewed the diagnostic literature and found 21 studies testing 58 single biomarkers and 7 panels of several biomarkers. Although all show either a high sensitivity or specificity, there are limitations in the design and reporting of all the studies that mean no biomarker can be recommended for use in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS We make recommendations for the design and reporting of studies of diagnostic blood biomarkers in stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Whiteley
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bloomfield SM, McKinney J, Smith L, Brisman J. Reliability of S100B in predicting severity of central nervous system injury. Neurocrit Care 2007; 6:121-38. [PMID: 17522796 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-007-0008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
S100B is a protein biomarker that reflects CNS injury. It can be measured in the CSF or serum with readily available immunoassay kits. The excellent sensitivity of S100B has enabled it to confirm the existence of subtle brain injury in patients with mild head trauma, strokes, and after successful resuscitation from cardiopulmonary arrest. The extent of S100B elevation has been found to be useful in predicting clinical outcome after brain injury. Elevations of S100B above certain threshold levels might be able to reliably predict brain death or mortality. A normal S100B level reliably predicts the absence of significant CNS injury. The specificity of S100B levels as a reflection of CNS injury is compromised by the findings that extra-cranial injuries can lead to elevations in the absence of brain injury. This potential problem can most likely be avoided by measuring serial S100B levels along with other biomarkers and carefully noting peripheral injuries. Serum markers GFAP and NSE are both more specific for CNS injury and have little to no extra-cranial sources. Sustained elevations of S100B over 24 h along with elevations of GFAP and NSE can more reliably predict the extent of brain injury and clinical outcomes. In the future, S100B measurements might reliably predict secondary brain injury and enable physicians to initiate therapeutic interventions in a timelier manner. S100B levels have been shown to rise hours to days before changes in ICP, neurological examinations, and neuroimaging tests. S100B levels may also be used to monitor the efficacy of treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Bloomfield
- New Jersey Neuroscience, Institute JFK Hospital and Medical Center, Edison, NJ 08818, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Raponi E, Agenes F, Delphin C, Assard N, Baudier J, Legraverend C, Deloulme JC. S100B expression defines a state in which GFAP-expressing cells lose their neural stem cell potential and acquire a more mature developmental stage. Glia 2007; 55:165-77. [PMID: 17078026 PMCID: PMC2739421 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the postnatal development, astrocytic cells in the neocortex progressively lose their neural stem cell (NSC) potential, whereas this peculiar attribute is preserved in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ). To understand this fundamental difference, many reports suggest that adult subventricular GFAP-expressing cells might be maintained in immature developmental stage. Here, we show that S100B, a marker of glial cells, is absent from GFAP-expressing cells of the SVZ and that its onset of expression characterizes a terminal maturation stage of cortical astrocytic cells. Nevertheless, when cultured in vitro, SVZ astrocytic cells developed as S100B expressing cells, as do cortical astrocytic cells, suggesting that SVZ microenvironment represses S100B expression. Using transgenic s100b-EGFP cells, we then demonstrated that S100B expression coincides with the loss of neurosphere forming abilities of GFAP expressing cells. By doing grafting experiments with cells derived from beta-actin-GFP mice, we next found that S100B expression in astrocytic cells is repressed in the SVZ, but not in the striatal parenchyma. Furthermore, we showed that treatment with epidermal growth factor represses S100B expression in GFAP-expressing cells in vitro as well as in vivo. Altogether, our results indicate that the S100B expression defines a late developmental stage after which GFAP-expressing cells lose their NSC potential and suggest that S100B expression is repressed by adult SVZ microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Raponi
- Department of Medicine, Palade Cellular and Molecular medicine
University of California, San DiegoLa Jolla, CA 92093-0644,US
- Transduction du signal: signalisation calcique et phosphorylation
INSERM : EMI0104CEA : DRDCFR
| | - Fabien Agenes
- Contrôle moléculaire de la réponse immune specifique
INSERM : U548CEA : DSV/IRTSVUniversité Joseph Fourier - Grenoble IFR
| | - Christian Delphin
- Transduction du signal: signalisation calcique et phosphorylation
INSERM : EMI0104CEA : DRDCFR
| | - Nicole Assard
- Transduction du signal: signalisation calcique et phosphorylation
INSERM : EMI0104CEA : DRDCFR
| | - Jacques Baudier
- Transduction du signal: signalisation calcique et phosphorylation
INSERM : EMI0104CEA : DRDCFR
| | - Catherine Legraverend
- IGF, Institut de génomique fonctionnelle
CNRS : UMR5203INSERM : U661Université Montpellier IUniversité Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc141, Rue de la Cardonille 34094 MONTPELLIER CEDEX 5,FR
| | - Jean-Christophe Deloulme
- Transduction du signal: signalisation calcique et phosphorylation
INSERM : EMI0104CEA : DRDCFR
- * Correspondence should be adressed to: Jean-Christophe Deloulme
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jauch EC, Lindsell C, Broderick J, Fagan SC, Tilley BC, Levine SR. Association of Serial Biochemical Markers With Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2006; 37:2508-13. [PMID: 16960091 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000242290.01174.9e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Biochemical markers of acute neuronal injury may aid in the diagnosis and management of acute ischemic stroke. Serum samples from the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator Stroke Study were analyzed for the presence of 4 biochemical markers of neuronal, glial, and endothelial cell injury. These biochemical markers, myelin basic protein (MBP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100beta, and soluble thrombomodulin, were studied for an association with initial stroke severity, infarct volume, and functional outcome. METHODS In the original NINDS study, serum samples were drawn from all patients on presentation to the Emergency Department and at approximately 2 and 24 hours after initiation of study therapy. In this analysis, stored serum samples were available for 359 patients; 107 patients had samples for all 3 time points. Serum marker concentrations were measured by ELISA techniques. We examined the relation between serum concentrations of each marker and the degree of baseline neurological deficit, functional outcome, and infarct size on computed tomography at 24 hours and the effect of fibrinolytic therapy. RESULTS Higher 24-hour peak concentrations of MBP, NSE, and S100beta were associated with higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale baseline scores (r=0.186, P<0.0001; r=0.117, P=0.032; and r=0.263, P<0.0001, respectively). Higher peak concentrations of MBP and S100beta (r=0.209, P<0.0001; r=0.239, P<0.0001) were associated with larger computed tomography lesion volumes. Patients with favorable outcomes had smaller changes in MBP and S100beta (P<0.05) concentrations in the first 24 hours. Soluble thrombomodulin was not associated with any severity or outcome measure. CONCLUSIONS This study corroborates previous work demonstrating correlations of MBP, NSE, and S100beta with clinical and radiographic features in acute stroke. Despite significantly better outcomes in the tissue plasminogen activator-treated group, we found no difference in the early release of the 4 biomarkers between treatment groups. Further study will define the role of biomarkers in acute stroke management and prognostication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Jauch
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0769, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Deloulme JC, Raponi E, Gentil BJ, Bertacchi N, Marks A, Labourdette G, Baudier J. Nuclear expression of S100B in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells correlates with differentiation toward the oligodendroglial lineage and modulates oligodendrocytes maturation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2005; 27:453-65. [PMID: 15555923 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2004.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2004] [Revised: 07/10/2004] [Accepted: 07/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The S100B protein belongs to the S100 family of EF-hand calcium binding proteins implicated in cell growth and differentiation. Here, we show that in the developing and the adult mouse brain, S100B is expressed in oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPC) committed to differentiate into the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage. Nuclear S100B accumulation in OPC correlates with the transition from the fast dividing multipotent stage to the morphological differentiated, slow proliferating, pro-OL differentiation stage. In the adult, S100B expression is down-regulated in mature OLs that have established contacts with their axonal targets, suggesting a nuclear S100B function during oligodendroglial cells maturation. In vitro, the morphological transformation and maturation of pro-OL cells are delayed in the absence of S100B. Moreover, mice lacking S100B show an apparent delay in OPC maturation in response to demyelinating insult. We propose that nuclear S100B participates in the regulation of oligodendroglial cell maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Christophe Deloulme
- Laboratoire de Transduction du Signal, INSERM EMI-0104, DRDC CEA-Grenoble, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park ES, Park CI, Choi KS, Choi IH, Shin JS. Over-expression of S100B protein in children with cerebral palsy or delayed development. Brain Dev 2004; 26:190-6. [PMID: 15030908 DOI: 10.1016/s0387-7604(03)00126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2003] [Revised: 05/27/2003] [Accepted: 06/17/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
S100B protein plays a role in promoting the maturation of a variety of neurons in many different CNS regions. Behavioral dysfunction in S100B over-expressed transgenic mice and the chronic elevation of S100B in Down's syndrome and in schizophrenia suggest that S100B over-expression is related to abnormal brain function. Therefore, we believed that the over-expression of S100B protein might be implicated in developmental brain dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum S100B protein levels in patients with developmental brain dysfunction, such as cerebral palsy and delayed development, and to determine the clinical relevance of serum S100B protein in these patients. The mean values of serum S100B protein were significantly increased in both conditions. Patients with cerebral palsy had a S100B protein level of 3455.8 +/- 5004.6 ng/L and those with delayed development of 2557.0 +/- 2321.0 ng/L, compared with a normal control level of 583.8 +/- 483.0 ng/L (P < 0.05). The over-expression of S100B (defined as the normal mean plus three standard deviations) was found in 47.1% of the total patient group (delayed development (47.5%) and cerebral palsy (47.0%)). The frequency of over-expression was not significantly related to clinical diagnosis, disease severity or to brain MRI findings. However, patients who had periventricular leukomalacia by brain MRI showed a wide range and very high levels of S100B exceeding 10,000 ng/L in some cases. These findings suggest that the pathogenesis implied by the over-expression of S100B protein during brain development may play a role in developmental brain dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zimmermann-Ivol CG, Burkhard PR, Le Floch-Rohr J, Allard L, Hochstrasser DF, Sanchez JC. Fatty Acid Binding Protein as a Serum Marker for the Early Diagnosis of Stroke. Mol Cell Proteomics 2004; 3:66-72. [PMID: 14581522 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m300066-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
No biological marker is currently available for the routine diagnosis of stroke. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether heart-fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) could be used as a valid diagnostic biomarker for stroke, as compared with neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B proteins. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis separation of cerebrospinal fluid proteins and mass spectrometry techniques, FABP was found elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of deceased patients, used as a model of massive brain damage. Because H-FABP, a FABP form present in many organs, is also localized in the brain, an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay was developed to detect H-FABP in stroke versus control plasma samples. However, H-FABP being also a marker of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), troponin-I and creatine kinase-MB levels were assayed at the same time in order to exclude any concomitant heart damage. NSE and S100B levels were assayed simultaneously. These assays were assessed in serial plasma samples from 22 control patients with no AMI or stroke, 20 patients with AMI but no stroke, and 22 patients with an acute stroke but no AMI. Twenty-two out of the 22 control patients and 15 out of the 22 stroke patients were correctly classified, figures much better than those obtained with NSE or S100B, in the same study's population. H-FABP appears to be a valid serum biomarker for the early diagnosis of stroke. Further studies on large cohorts of patients are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine G Zimmermann-Ivol
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mbele GO, Deloulme JC, Gentil BJ, Delphin C, Ferro M, Garin J, Takahashi M, Baudier J. The zinc- and calcium-binding S100B interacts and co-localizes with IQGAP1 during dynamic rearrangement of cell membranes. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:49998-50007. [PMID: 12377780 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m205363200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zn(2+)- and Ca(2+)-binding S100B protein is implicated in multiple intracellular and extracellular regulatory events. In glial cells, a relationship exists between cytoplasmic S100B accumulation and cell morphological changes. We have identified the IQGAP1 protein as the major cytoplasmic S100B target protein in different rat and human glial cell lines in the presence of Zn(2+) and Ca(2+). Zn(2+) binding to S100B is sufficient to promote interaction with IQGAP1. IQ motifs on IQGAP1 represent the minimal interaction sites for S100B. We also provide evidence that, in human astrocytoma cell lines, S100B co-localizes with IQGAP1 at the polarized leading edge and areas of membrane ruffling and that both proteins relocate in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner within newly formed vesicle-like structures. Our data identify IQGAP1 as a potential target protein of S100B during processes of dynamic rearrangement of cell membrane morphology. They also reveal an additional cellular function for IQGAP1 associated with Zn(2+)/Ca(2+)-dependent relocation of S100B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaelh Ouengue Mbele
- Département Réponse et Différenciation Cellulaires du Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), INSERM EMI-0104 DRDC-TS, Grenoble 38054, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|