1
|
Golatkar V, Bhatt LK. Artesunate attenuates isoprenaline induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats via SIRT1 inhibiting NF-κB activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176709. [PMID: 38843948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac Hypertrophy is an adaptive response of the body to physiological and pathological stimuli, which increases cardiomyocyte size, thickening of cardiac muscles and progresses to heart failure. Downregulation of SIRT1 in cardiomyocytes has been linked with the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Artesunate against isoprenaline induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats via SIRT1 inhibiting NF-κB activation. Experimental cardiac hypertrophy was induced in rats by subcutaneous administration of isoprenaline (5 mg/kg) for 14 days. Artesunate was administered simultaneously for 14 days at a dose of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. Artesunate administration showed significant dose dependent attenuation in mean arterial pressure, electrocardiogram, hypertrophy index and left ventricular wall thickness compared to the disease control group. It also alleviated cardiac injury biomarkers and oxidative stress. Histological observation showed amelioration of tissue injury in the artesunate treated groups compared to the disease control group. Further, artesunate treatment increased SIRT1 expression and decreased NF-kB expression in the heart. The results of the study show the cardioprotective effect of artesunate via SIRT1 inhibiting NF-κB activation in cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Golatkar
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Swiatlowska P, Iskratsch T. Cardiovascular Mechano-Epigenetics: Force-Dependent Regulation of Histone Modifications and Gene Regulation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:215-222. [PMID: 36653625 PMCID: PMC10959834 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07422-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The local mechanical microenvironment impacts on the cell behavior. In the cardiovascular system, cells in both the heart and the vessels are exposed to continuous blood flow, blood pressure, stretching forces, and changing extracellular matrix stiffness. The force-induced signals travel all the way to the nucleus regulating epigenetic changes such as chromatin dynamics and gene expression. Mechanical cues are needed at the very early stage for a faultless embryological development, while later in life, aberrant mechanical signaling can lead to a range of pathologies, including diverse cardiovascular diseases. Hence, an investigation of force-generated epigenetic alteration at different time scales is needed to understand fully the phenotypic changes in disease onset and progression. That being so, cardiovascular mechano-epigenetics emerges as an attractive field of study. Given the rapid advances in this emergent field of research, this short review aims to provide an analysis of the state of knowledge of force-induced epigenetic changes in the cardiovascular field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Swiatlowska
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chu L, Xie D, Xu D. Epigenetic Regulation of Fibroblasts and Crosstalk between Cardiomyocytes and Non-Myocyte Cells in Cardiac Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1382. [PMID: 37759781 PMCID: PMC10526373 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms and cell crosstalk have been shown to play important roles in the initiation and progression of cardiac fibrosis. This review article aims to provide a thorough overview of the epigenetic mechanisms involved in fibroblast regulation. During fibrosis, fibroblast epigenetic regulation encompasses a multitude of mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone acetylation and methylation, and chromatin remodeling. These mechanisms regulate the phenotype of fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix composition by modulating gene expression, thereby orchestrating the progression of cardiac fibrosis. Moreover, cardiac fibrosis disrupts normal cardiac function by imposing myocardial mechanical stress and compromising cardiac electrical conduction. This review article also delves into the intricate crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes in the heart. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms governing epigenetic regulation and cell crosstalk in cardiac fibrosis is critical for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Further research is warranted to unravel the precise molecular mechanisms underpinning these processes and to identify potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dachun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 315 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai 200072, China; (L.C.); (D.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Funamoto M, Imanishi M, Tsuchiya K, Ikeda Y. Roles of histone acetylation sites in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1133611. [PMID: 37008337 PMCID: PMC10050342 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1133611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure results from various physiological and pathological stimuli that lead to cardiac hypertrophy. This pathological process is common in several cardiovascular diseases and ultimately leads to heart failure. The development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure involves reprogramming of gene expression, a process that is highly dependent on epigenetic regulation. Histone acetylation is dynamically regulated by cardiac stress. Histone acetyltransferases play an important role in epigenetic remodeling in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The regulation of histone acetyltransferases serves as a bridge between signal transduction and downstream gene reprogramming. Investigating the changes in histone acetyltransferases and histone modification sites in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure will provide new therapeutic strategies to treat these diseases. This review summarizes the association of histone acetylation sites and histone acetylases with cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, with emphasis on histone acetylation sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Funamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
- Correspondence: Masafumi Funamoto Yasumasa Ikeda
| | - Masaki Imanishi
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
- Correspondence: Masafumi Funamoto Yasumasa Ikeda
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gevaert AB, Wood N, Boen JRA, Davos CH, Hansen D, Hanssen H, Krenning G, Moholdt T, Osto E, Paneni F, Pedretti RFE, Plösch T, Simonenko M, Bowen TS. Epigenetics in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: influence of exercise and nutrition. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:2183-2199. [PMID: 35989414 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence links changes in epigenetic systems, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA expression, to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). These epigenetic modifications can change genetic function under influence of exogenous stimuli and can be transferred to next generations, providing a potential mechanism for inheritance of behavioural intervention effects. The benefits of exercise and nutritional interventions in the primary and secondary prevention of CVD are well established, but the mechanisms are not completely understood. In this review, we describe the acute and chronic epigenetic effects of physical activity and dietary changes. We propose exercise and nutrition as potential triggers of epigenetic signals, promoting the reshaping of transcriptional programmes with effects on CVD phenotypes. Finally, we highlight recent developments in epigenetic therapeutics with implications for primary and secondary CVD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B Gevaert
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken D.T.228, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium.,Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium
| | - Nathanael Wood
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jente R A Boen
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken D.T.228, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Constantinos H Davos
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dominique Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium.,BIOMED-REVAL-Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Sports and Exercise Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guido Krenning
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Trine Moholdt
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian Institute of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Women's Health, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elena Osto
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto F E Pedretti
- Cardiovascular Department, IRCCS MultiMedica, Care and Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Perinatal Neurobiology, Department of Human Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Maria Simonenko
- Physiology Research and Blood Circulation Department, Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test SRL, Federal State Budgetary Institution, 'V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Centre' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - T Scott Bowen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Expression Profiles and Functional Analysis of Plasma Exosomal Circular RNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3458227. [PMID: 36221294 PMCID: PMC9547997 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3458227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common cardiovascular disease with high rates of morbidity and mortality globally. The dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been shown to be closely related to various pathological aspects of AMI. However, the function of exosomal circRNAs in AMI has yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression profiles of plasma exosomal circRNAs in AMI and explore their potential functionality. The expression profiles of plasma exosomal circRNAs in patients with AMI, stable coronary heart atherosclerotic disease (CAD), and healthy controls were obtained from a GEO expression dataset (GSE159657). We also analyzed bioinformatics functionality, potential pathways, and interaction networks related to the microRNAs associated with the differentially expressed circRNAs. A total of 253 exosomal circRNAs (184 up- and 69 down-regulated) and 182 exosomal circRNAs (94 up- and 88 down-regulated) were identified as being differentially expressed between the control group and the AMI and CAD patients, respectively. Compared with the CAD group, 231 different exosomal circRNAs (177 up- and 54 down-regulated) were identified in the AMI group. Functional analysis suggested that the parental genes of exosomal has_circ_0061776 were significantly enriched in the biological process of lysine degradation. Pathway interaction network analysis further indicated that exosomal has_circ_0061776 was associated with has-miR-133a, has-miR-214, has-miR-423, and has-miR-217 and may play a role in the pathogenesis of AMI through the MAPK signaling pathway. This study identified the differential expression and functionality of exosomal circRNAs in AMI and provided further understanding of the potential pathogenesis of an exosomal circRNA-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in AMI.
Collapse
|
7
|
Funamoto M, Sunagawa Y, Katanasaka Y, Shimizu K, Miyazaki Y, Sari N, Shimizu S, Mori K, Wada H, Hasegawa K, Morimoto T. Histone Acetylation Domains Are Differentially Induced during Development of Heart Failure in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1771. [PMID: 33578969 PMCID: PMC7916721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation by epigenetic regulators has been shown to activate the transcription of hypertrophic response genes, which subsequently leads to the development and progression of heart failure. However, nothing is known about the acetylation of the histone tail and globular domains in left ventricular hypertrophy or in heart failure. The acetylation of H3K9 on the promoter of the hypertrophic response gene was significantly increased in the left ventricular hypertrophy stage, whereas the acetylation of H3K122 did not increase in the left ventricular hypertrophy stage but did significantly increase in the heart failure stage. Interestingly, the interaction between the chromatin remodeling factor BRG1 and p300 was significantly increased in the heart failure stage, but not in the left ventricular hypertrophy stage. This study demonstrates that stage-specific acetylation of the histone tail and globular domains occurs during the development and progression of heart failure, providing novel insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanism governing transcriptional activity in these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Funamoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Yoichi Sunagawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| | - Yasufumi Katanasaka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| | - Kana Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| | - Nurmila Sari
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Satoshi Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| | - Hiromichi Wada
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
| | - Tatsuya Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (M.F.); (Y.S.); (Y.K.); (K.S.); (Y.M.); (N.S.); (S.S.); (K.H.)
- Kyoto Medical Center, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan;
- Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chun P. Therapeutic effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on heart disease. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:1276-1296. [PMID: 33245518 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been studied for their therapeutic potential because the excessive activity and expression of HDACs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. An increasing number of preclinical studies have demonstrated the cardioprotective effects of numerous HDAC inhibitors, suggesting a wide variety of mechanisms by which the inhibitors protect against cardiac stress, such as the suppression of cardiac fibrosis and fetal gene expression, enhancement of angiogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis, prevention of electrical remodeling, and regulation of apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest. For the development of isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors with high efficacy and low toxicity, it is important to identify and understand the mechanisms responsible for the effects of the inhibitors. This review highlights the preclinical effects of HDAC inhibitors that act against Zn2+-dependent HDACs and the underlying mechanisms of their protective effects against cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lozano-Vidal N, Bink DI, Boon RA. Long noncoding RNA in cardiac aging and disease. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:860-867. [PMID: 31152659 PMCID: PMC6884711 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Western society and present an important age-related risk. With the constant rise in life expectancy, prevalence of CVD in the population will likely increase further. New therapies, especially in the elderly, are needed to combat CVD. This review is focused on the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in CVD. RNA sequencing experiments in the past decade showed that most RNA does not code for protein, but many RNAs function as ncRNA. Here, we summarize the recent findings of lncRNA regulation in the diseased heart. The potential use of these RNAs as biomarkers of cardiac disease prediction is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Lozano-Vidal
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Diewertje I Bink
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reinier A Boon
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Watanabe T, Okada H, Kanamori H, Miyazaki N, Tsujimoto A, Takada C, Suzuki K, Naruse G, Yoshida A, Nawa T, Tanaka T, Kawasaki M, Ito H, Ogura S, Okura H, Fujiwara T, Fujiwara H, Takemura G. In situ nuclear DNA methylation in dilated cardiomyopathy: an endomyocardial biopsy study. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:493-502. [PMID: 31971668 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although distinct DNA methylation patterns have been reported, its localization and roles remain to be defined in heart failure. We investigated the cellular and subcellular localization of DNA methylation and its pathophysiological significance in human failing hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS Using left ventricular (LV) endomyocardial biopsy specimens from 75 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM; age: 58 ± 14 years old, %female: 32%) and 20 patients without heart failure (controls; age: 56 ± 17 years old, %female: 45%), we performed immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy for methylated DNA, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). We next investigated possible relations of the incidence of 5-mC-positive (%5-mC+ ) cardiomyocytes with clinicopathological parameters. Immunopositivity for 5-mC was detected in the cardiomyocytes and other cell types. The %5-mC+ cardiomyocytes was significantly greater in DCM hearts than in controls (57 ± 13% in DCM vs. 25 ± 12% in controls, P < 0.0001). The localization of 5-mC immunopositivity in cardiomyocyte nuclei coincided well with that of heterochromatin, as confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy. Substantial DNA methylation was also observed in interstitial non-cardiomyocytes, but the incidences did not differ between control and DCM hearts (39 ± 7.9% in DCM vs. 41 ± 10% in controls, P = 0.4099). In DCM patients, the %5-mC+ cardiomyocytes showed a significant inverse correlation with LV functional parameters such as heart rate (r = 0.2391, P = 0.0388), end-diastolic pressure (r = 0.2397, P = 0.0397), and ejection fraction (r = -0.2917, P = 0.0111) and a positive correlation with LV dilatation (volume index at diastole; r = 0.2442, P = 0.0347; and volume index at systole; r = 0.3136, P = 0.0062) and LV hypertrophy (mass index; r = 0.2287, P = 0.0484)-that is, LV remodelling parameters. No significant correlations between DNA methylation and the histological parameters of the biopsies, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration, were noted. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed increased nuclear DNA methylation in cardiomyocytes, but not other cell types, from DCM hearts, with predominant localization in the heterochromatin. Its significant relations with LV functional and remodelling parameters imply a pathophysiological significance of DNA methylation in heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takatomo Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideshi Okada
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Kanamori
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nagisa Miyazaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsujimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chihiro Takada
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kodai Suzuki
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Genki Naruse
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takahide Nawa
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toshiki Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masanori Kawasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Ito
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shinji Ogura
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okura
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takako Fujiwara
- Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Genzou Takemura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, 501-0296, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Transcriptome Analysis of Hypertrophic Heart Tissues from Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction and Human Aortic Stenosis Reveals Key Genes and Transcription Factors Involved in Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Mechanical Stress. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:5058313. [PMID: 31772688 PMCID: PMC6854968 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5058313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Mechanical stress-induced cardiac remodeling that results in heart failure is characterized by transcriptional reprogramming of gene expression. However, a systematic study of genomic changes involved in this process has not been performed to date. To investigate the genomic changes and underlying mechanism of cardiac remodeling, we collected and analyzed DNA microarray data for murine transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and human aortic stenosis (AS) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the European Bioinformatics Institute. Methods and Results The differential expression genes (DEGs) across the datasets were merged. The Venn diagrams showed that the number of intersections for early and late cardiac remodeling was 74 and 16, respectively. Gene ontology and protein–protein interaction network analysis showed that metabolic changes, cell differentiation and growth, cell cycling, and collagen fibril organization accounted for a great portion of the DEGs in the TAC model, while in AS patients' immune system signaling and cytokine signaling displayed the most significant changes. The intersections between the TAC model and AS patients were few. Nevertheless, the DEGs of the two species shared some common regulatory transcription factors (TFs), including SP1, CEBPB, PPARG, and NFKB1, when the heart was challenged by applied mechanical stress. Conclusions This study unravels the complex transcriptome profiles of the heart tissues and highlighting the candidate genes involved in cardiac remodeling induced by mechanical stress may usher in a new era of precision diagnostics and treatment in patients with cardiac remodeling.
Collapse
|
12
|
Yin-Yang 1 transcription factor modulates ST2 expression during adverse cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 130:216-233. [PMID: 30998979 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardioprotective effects of metformin remain poorly defined. Interleukin (IL)-33/ST2L signaling is a novel cardioprotective pathway, which is antagonized by the soluble isoform sST2. No data exist about the regulation of ST2 expression. This study aimed to evaluate the pathophysiological implication of Yin-Yang 1 (Yy1) transcription factor in cardiac remodeling and the expression of the soluble ST2 isoform. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in Wistar rats randomly receiving metformin or saline solution by permanent ligation of the left anterior coronary artery. In addition, a model of cardiomyocyte "biochemical strain" was used. Metformin administration improved post-MI cardiac remodeling, an effect that was associated with increased IL-33 and reduced sST2 levels in the myocardium. The anti-remodeling effects of metformin were also associated with a decrease in the transcription factor Yy1 intranuclear level and lower levels of phosphorylated HDAC4 within the cytoplasmic space. These effects were also observed in a cardiomyocyte biochemical strain model, where Yy1 silencing or HDAC4 inhibition blocked sST2 production in cardiomyocytes. Metformin blocked the HDAC4 phosphorylation induced by MI, preventing its export from the nucleus to the cytosol. The presence of dephosphorylated HDAC4 in the nucleus acted as a co-repressor of Yy1, repressing sST2 expression. CONCLUSION The transcription factor Yy1 regulates sST2 expression, and repression of Yy1 by metformin results in lower levels of sST2 that are associated with favorable myocardial remodeling. The manipulation of YY1 or its co-repressor HDAC4 emerge as new targets to modulate ST2/IL33 signaling and prevent adverse cardiac remodeling.
Collapse
|
13
|
Karbassi E, Rosa-Garrido M, Chapski DJ, Wu Y, Ren S, Wang Y, Stefani E, Vondriska TM. Direct visualization of cardiac transcription factories reveals regulatory principles of nuclear architecture during pathological remodeling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 128:198-211. [PMID: 30742811 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is associated with hypertrophying of cardiomyocytes and changes in transcriptional activity. Studies from rapidly dividing cells in culture have suggested that transcription may be compartmentalized into factories within the nucleus, but this phenomenon has not been tested in vivo and the role of nuclear architecture in cardiac gene regulation is unknown. While alterations to transcription have been linked to disease, little is known about the regulation of the spatial organization of transcription and its properties in the pathological setting. In the present study, we investigate the structural features of endogenous transcription factories in the heart and determine the principles connecting chromatin structure to transcriptional regulation in vivo. Super-resolution imaging of endogenous RNA polymerase II clusters in neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes revealed distinct properties of transcription factories in response to pathological stress: neonatal nuclei demonstrated changes in number of clusters, with parallel increases in nuclear area, while the adult nuclei underwent changes in size and intensity of RNA polymerase II foci. Fluorescence in situ hybridization-based labeling of genes revealed locus-specific relationships between expression change and anatomical localization-with respect to nuclear periphery and heterochromatin regions, both sites associated with gene silencing-in the nuclei of cardiomyocytes in hearts (but not liver hepatocytes) of mice subjected to pathologic stimuli that induce heart failure. These findings demonstrate a role for chromatin organization and rearrangement of nuclear architecture for cell type-specific transcription in vivo during disease. RNA polymerase II ChIP and chromatin conformation capture studies in the same model system demonstrate formation and reorganization of distinct nuclear compartments regulating gene expression. These findings reveal locus-specific compartmentalization of stress-activated, housekeeping and silenced genes in the anatomical context of the endogenous nucleus, revealing basic principles of global chromatin structure and nuclear architecture in the regulation of gene expression in healthy and diseased conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Karbassi
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine/Cardiology, Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Manuel Rosa-Garrido
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine/Cardiology, Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Douglas J Chapski
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine/Cardiology, Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Yong Wu
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine/Cardiology, Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Shuxun Ren
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine/Cardiology, Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Yibin Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine/Cardiology, Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Enrico Stefani
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine/Cardiology, Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Thomas M Vondriska
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine/Cardiology, Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 650 Charles Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Karppinen S, Hänninen SL, Rapila R, Tavi P. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -induced Ca 2+ release regulates class IIa HDAC localization in mouse embryonic cardiomyocytes. Physiol Rep 2019; 6. [PMID: 29380950 PMCID: PMC5789715 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In embryonic cardiomyocytes, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)‐derived Ca2+ release is required to induce Ca2+ oscillations for contraction and to control cardiac development through Ca2+‐activated pathways. Here, our aim was to study how SR Ca2+ release regulates cytosolic and nuclear Ca2+ distribution and the subsequent effects on the Ca2+‐dependent localization of class IIa histone deacetylases (HDAC) and cardiac‐specific gene expression in embryonic cardiomyocytes. Confocal microscopy was used to study changes in Ca2+‐distribution and localization of immunolabeled HDAC4 and HDAC5 upon changes in SR Ca2+ release in mouse embryonic cardiomyocytes. Dynamics of translocation were also observed with a confocal microscope, using HDAC5‐green fluorescent protein transfected myocytes. Expression of class IIa HDACs in differentiating myocytes and changes in cardiac‐specific gene expression were studied using real‐time quantitative PCR. Inhibition of SR Ca2+ release caused a significant decrease in intranuclear Ca2+ concentration, a rapid nuclear import of HDAC5 and subnuclear redistribution of HDAC4. Endogenous localization of HDAC5 and HDAC4 was mostly cytosolic and at the nuclear periphery, respectively. Downregulated expression of cardiac‐specific genes was also observed upon SR Ca2+ release inhibition. Electrical stimulation of sarcolemmal Ca2+ influx was not sufficient to rescue either the HDAC localization or the gene expression changes. SR Ca2+ release controls subcellular Ca2+ distribution and regulates localization of HDAC4 and HDAC5 in embryonic cardiomyocytes. Changes in SR Ca2+ release also caused changes in expression of the developmental phase‐specific genes, which may be due to the changes in HDAC‐localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sari Karppinen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sandra L Hänninen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Rapila
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chapski DJ, Rosa-Garrido M, Hua N, Alber F, Vondriska TM. Spatial Principles of Chromatin Architecture Associated With Organ-Specific Gene Regulation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 5:186. [PMID: 30697540 PMCID: PMC6341059 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Packaging of the genome in the nucleus is a non-random process that is thought to directly contribute to cell type-specific transcriptomes, although this hypothesis remains untested. Epigenome architecture, as assayed by chromatin conformation capture techniques, such as Hi-C, has recently been described in the mammalian cardiac myocyte and found to be remodeled in the setting of heart failure. In the present study, we sought to determine whether the structural features of the epigenome are conserved between different cell types by investigating Hi-C and RNA-seq data from heart and liver. Investigation of genes with enriched expression in heart or liver revealed nuanced interaction paradigms between organs: first, the log2 ratios of heart:liver (or liver:heart) intrachromosomal interactions are higher in organ-specific gene sets (p = 0.009), suggesting that organ-specific genes have specialized chromatin structural features. Despite similar number of total interactions between cell types, intrachromosomal interaction profiles in heart but not liver demonstrate that genes forming promoter-to-transcription-end-site loops in the cardiac nucleus tend to be involved in cardiac-related pathways. The same analysis revealed an analogous organ-specific interaction profile for liver-specific loop genes. Investigation of A/B compartmentalization (marker of chromatin accessibility) revealed that in the heart, 66.7% of cardiac-specific genes are in compartment A, while 66.1% of liver-specific genes are found in compartment B, suggesting that there exists a cardiac chromatin topology that allows for expression of cardiac genes. Analyses of interchromosomal interactions revealed a relationship between interchromosomal interaction count and organ-specific gene localization (p = 2.2 × 10-16) and that, for both organs, regions of active or inactive chromatin tend to segregate in 3D space (i.e., active with active, inactive with inactive). 3D models of topologically associating domains (TADs) suggest that TADs tend to interact with regions of similar compartmentalization across chromosomes, revealing trans structural interactions contributing to genomic compartmentalization at distinct structural scales. These models reveal discordant nuclear compaction strategies, with heart packaging compartment A genes preferentially toward the center of the nucleus and liver exhibiting preferential arrangement toward the periphery. Taken together, our data suggest that intra- and interchromosomal chromatin architecture plays a role in orchestrating tissue-specific gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J Chapski
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Manuel Rosa-Garrido
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nan Hua
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Frank Alber
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Thomas M Vondriska
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guo Z, Lu J, Li J, Wang P, Li Z, Zhong Y, Guo K, Wang J, Ye J, Liu P. JMJD3 inhibition protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing β-MHC expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 477:1-14. [PMID: 29753027 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Jumonji domain-containing protein D3 (JMJD3), a histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylase, has been extensively studied for their participation in development, cellular physiology and a variety of diseases. However, its potential roles in cardiovascular system remain unknown. In this study, we found that JMJD3 played a pivotal role in the process of cardiac hypertrophy. JMJD3 expression was elevated by isoproterenol (ISO) stimuli both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of wild-type JMJD3, but not the demethylase-defective mutant, promoted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, as implied by increased cardiomyocyte surface area and the expression of hypertrophy marker genes. In contrary, JMJD3 silencing or its inhibitor GSK-J4 suppressed ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Mechanistically, JMJD3 was recruited to demethylate H3K27me3 at the promoter of β-MHC to promote its expression and cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, our results reveal that JMJD3 may be a key epigenetic regulator of β-MHC expression in cardiomyocytes and a potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Panxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiteng Guo
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiantao Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou XL, Zhu RR, Wu X, Xu H, Li YY, Xu QR, Liu S, Huang H, Xu X, Wan L, Wu QC, Liu JC. NSD2 promotes ventricular remodelling mediated by the regulation of H3K36me2. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:568-575. [PMID: 30334333 PMCID: PMC6307761 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone lysine methylation plays an important role in the regulation of ventricular remodelling. NSD2 is involved in many types of tumours through enhancing H3K36me2 expression. However, the role of NSD2 in the regulation of histone lysine methylation during ventricular remodelling remains unclear. In this study, we established cardiac hypertrophy model in C57BL/6 mice by transverse aortic constriction and found that histone lysine methylation participated in ventricular remodelling regulation via the up‐regulation of H3K27me2 and H3K36me2 expression. In addition, we constructed transgenic C57BL/6 mice with conditional knockout of NSD2 (NSD2−/−) in the myocardium. NSD2−/− C57BL/6 mice had milder ventricular remodelling and significantly improved cardiac function compared with wild‐type mice, and the expression of H3K36me2 but not H3K27me2 was down‐regulated. In conclusion, NSD2 promotes ventricular remodelling mediated by the regulation of H3K36me2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Liang Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun-Yun Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi-Rong Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinping Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi-Cai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ji-Chun Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Epigenetic processing in cardiometabolic disease. Atherosclerosis 2018; 281:150-158. [PMID: 30290963 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Albeit a consistent body of evidence supports the notion that genes influence cardiometabolic features and outcomes, the "non-genetic regulation" of this process is gaining increasing attention. Plastic chemical changes of DNA/histone complexes - known as epigenetic changes - critically determine gene activity by rapidly modifying chromatin accessibility to transcription factors. In this review, we describe the emerging role of chromatin modifications as fine tuners of gene transcription in adipogenesis, insulin resistance, macrophage polarization, immuno-metabolism, endothelial dysfunction and metabolic cardiomyopathy. Epigenetic processing participates in the dynamic interplay among different organs in the cardiometabolic patient. DNA methylation and post-translational histone modifications in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue enable the transcription of genes implicated in lipo- and adipogenesis, inflammation and insulin resistance. Along the same line, complex networks of chromatin modifying enzymes are responsible for impaired nitric oxide bioavailability and defective insulin signalling in the vasculature, thus leading to reduced capillary recruitment and insulin delivery in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Furthermore, changes in methylation status of IL-4, IFNγ and Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) gene loci are crucial for the polarization of immune cells, thus leading to adipose tissue inflammation and atherosclerosis. Cell-specific epigenetic information could advance our understanding of cardiometabolic processes, thus leading to individualized risk assessment and personalized therapeutic approaches in patients with cardiometabolic disturbances. The development of new chromatin modifying drugs indicates that targeting epigenetic changes is a promising approach to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in this setting.
Collapse
|
19
|
He X, Chen Y, Zhang C, Gong W, Zhang X, Nie S. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in Polluted Air Changes miRNA Profile Related to Cardiovascular Disease. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5925-5934. [PMID: 30144390 PMCID: PMC6120165 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in air pollution is regarded as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVDs). Recently, it has become well accepted that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 impacts human CVDs. However, few studies have shown miRNAs affected by PAHs play a critical role in transcriptional regulation related to cardiovascular development and disease. Material/Methods Human umbilical cord vein cells (HUVECs) incubated prior to treatment with PAHs at various concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 μg/ml) of PAHs particle solutions were added to the culture medium for 24 h. We performed isolation and sequencing of small RNAs and analysis of small RNA sequences and differential expression. The M3RNA database was used to predict miRNA-miRNA interactions. Tools from the DAVID database were used to perform the GO functional analysis of predicted miRNA target genes. A First-Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit was used to synthesis cDNA. Results miRNA155 was revealed as a key regulator in PAHs treatment. The putative targets of upregulated miRNA in PAHs treatment indicated that the downregulated genes were enriched in biological pathways such as Wnt signaling and ErbB signaling, which are crucial for the development of vasculature. Conclusions In general, our results suggest that PAHs taken by PM2.5 can decrease cardiovascular-related gene expression through upregulating miRNA, which may be a new target for therapy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan He
- Emergency Citical Care Center, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan United Hospital Affiliated Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan United Hospital Affiliated Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Gong
- Emergency Citical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xinyong Zhang
- Emergency Citical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Shaoping Nie
- Emergency Citical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
García-Padilla C, Aránega A, Franco D. The role of long non-coding RNAs in cardiac development and disease. AIMS GENETICS 2018; 5:124-140. [PMID: 31435517 PMCID: PMC6698576 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2018.2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells display a set of RNA molecules at one time point, reflecting thus the cellular transcriptional steady state, configuring therefore its transcriptome. It is basically composed of two different classes of RNA molecules; protein-coding RNAs (cRNAs) and protein non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Sequencing of the human genome and subsequently the ENCODE project identified that more than 80% of the genome is transcribed in some type of RNA. Importantly, only 3% of these transcripts correspond to protein-coding RNAs, pointing that ncRNAs are as important or even more as cRNAs. ncRNAs have pivotal roles in development, differentiation and disease. Non-coding RNAs can be classified into two distinct classes according to their length; i.e., small (<200 nt) and long (>200 nt) noncoding RNAs. The structure, biogenesis and functional roles of small non-coding RNA have been widely studied, particularly for microRNAs (miRNAs). In contrast to microRNAs, our current understanding of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is limited. In this manuscript, we provide state-of-the art review of the functional roles of long non-coding RNAs during cardiac development as well as an overview of the emerging role of these ncRNAs in distinct cardiac diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ma R, Liang J, Huang W, Guo L, Cai W, Wang L, Paul C, Yang HT, Kim HW, Wang Y. Electrical Stimulation Enhances Cardiac Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Myocardial Infarction Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:371-384. [PMID: 27903111 PMCID: PMC5770128 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Electrical stimulation (EleS) can promote cardiac differentiation, but the underlying mechanism is not well known. This study investigated the effect of EleS on cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and evaluated the therapeutic effects for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). RESULTS Cardiac differentiation of hiPSCs was induced with EleS after embryoid body formation. Spontaneously beating hiPSCs were observed as early at 2 days when treated with EleS compared with control treatment. The cardiac differentiation efficiency of hiPSCs was significantly enhanced by EleS. In addition, the functional maturation of hiPSC-CMs under EleS was confirmed by calcium indicators, intracellular Ca2+ levels, and expression of structural genes. Mechanistically, EleS mediated cardiac differentiation of hiPSCs through activation of Ca2+/PKC/ERK pathways, as revealed by RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. After transplantation in immunodeficient MI mice, EleS-preconditioned hiPSC-derived cells significantly improved cardiac function and attenuated expansion of infarct size. The preconditioned hiPSC-derived CMs were functionally integrated with the host heart. INNOVATION We show EleS as an efficacious time-saving approach for CM generation. The global RNA profiling shows that EleS can accelerate cardiac differentiation of hiPSCs through activation of multiple pathways. The cardiac-mimetic electrical signals will provide a novel approach to generate functional CMs and facilitate cardiac tissue engineering for successful heart regeneration. CONCLUSION EleS can enhance efficiency of cardiac differentiation in hiPSCs and promote CM maturation. The EleS-preconditioned CMs emerge as a promising approach for clinical application in MI treatment. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 371-384.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruilian Ma
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jialiang Liang
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Wei Huang
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Linlin Guo
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Wenfeng Cai
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lei Wang
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christian Paul
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Huang-Tian Yang
- 2 Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) , Shanghai, China
| | - Ha Won Kim
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yigang Wang
- 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yi X, Jiang X, Li X, Jiang DS. Histone lysine methylation and congenital heart disease: From bench to bedside (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:953-964. [PMID: 28902362 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone post-translational modifications (PTM) as one of the key epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that plays critical role in various biological processes, including regulating chromatin structure dynamics and gene expression. Histone lysine methyltransferase contributes to the establishment and maintenance of differential histone methylation status, which can recognize histone methylated sites and build an association between these modifications and their downstream processes. Recently, it was found that abnormalities in the histone lysine methylation level or pattern may lead to the occurrence of many types of cardiovascular diseases, such as congenital heart disease (CHD). In order to provide new theoretical basis and targets for the treatment of CHD from the view of developmental biology and genetics, this review discusses and elaborates on the association between histone lysine methylation modifications and CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Partial microduplication in the histone acetyltransferase complex member KANSL1 is associated with congenital heart defects in 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1795. [PMID: 28496102 PMCID: PMC5431949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01896-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common microdeletion disorder in humans, with an incidence of 1/4000 live births. It is caused by a heterozygous deletion of 1.5–3 Mb on chromosome region 22q11.2. Patients with the deletion present features that include neuropsychiatric problems, craniofacial abnormalities and cardiovascular malformations. However, the phenotype is highly variable and the factors related to the clinical heterogeneity are not fully understood. About 65% of patients with 22q11.2DS have congenital heart defects (CHD). The main goal of this study was to identify common CNVs in 22q11.2DS patients that could be associated with the incomplete penetrance of CHD. Analysis of genomic DNA from 253 patients with 22q11.2DS using array technology showed an association between a microduplication located in region 17q21.31 and CHD (p-value = 0.023, OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.17–7.03). This region includes the first three exons of KANSL1 gene. Bioinformatic analysis showed that KANSL1 and CRKL, a gene in the commonly deleted region of 22q11.2DS, are part of the same regulatory module in a miRNA-mRNA network. These results show that a KANSL1 microduplication, in combination with the 22q11.2 deletion, is associated with increased risk of CHD in these patients, suggesting that KANSL1 plays a role as a modifier gene in 22q11.2DS patients.
Collapse
|
24
|
Gul S. Epigenetic assays for chemical biology and drug discovery. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:41. [PMID: 28439316 PMCID: PMC5399855 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The implication of epigenetic abnormalities in many diseases and the approval of a number of compounds that modulate specific epigenetic targets in a therapeutically relevant manner in cancer specifically confirms that some of these targets are druggable by small molecules. Furthermore, a number of compounds are currently in clinical trials for other diseases including cardiovascular, neurological and metabolic disorders. Despite these advances, the approved treatments for cancer only extend progression-free survival for a relatively short time and being associated with significant side effects. The current clinical trials involving the next generation of epigenetic drugs may address the disadvantages of the currently approved epigenetic drugs. The identification of chemical starting points of many drugs often makes use of screening in vitro assays against libraries of synthetic or natural products. These assays can be biochemical (using purified protein) or cell-based (using for example, genetically modified, cancer cell lines or primary cells) and performed in microtiter plates, thus enabling a large number of samples to be tested. A considerable number of such assays are available to monitor epigenetic target activity, and this review provides an overview of drug discovery and chemical biology and describes assays that monitor activities of histone deacetylase, lysine-specific demethylase, histone methyltransferase, histone acetyltransferase and bromodomain. It is of critical importance that an appropriate assay is developed and comprehensively validated for a given drug target prior to screening in order to improve the probability of the compound progressing in the drug discovery value chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheraz Gul
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bauer AJ, Martin KA. Coordinating Regulation of Gene Expression in Cardiovascular Disease: Interactions between Chromatin Modifiers and Transcription Factors. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:19. [PMID: 28428957 PMCID: PMC5382160 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death with increasing economic burden. The pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases is complex, but can arise from genetic and/or environmental risk factors. This can lead to dysregulated gene expression in numerous cell types including cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells. While initial studies addressed transcriptional control of gene expression, epigenetics has been increasingly appreciated to also play an important role in this process through alterations in chromatin structure and gene accessibility. Chromatin-modifying proteins including enzymes that modulate DNA methylation, histone methylation, and histone acetylation can influence gene expression in numerous ways. These chromatin modifiers and their marks can promote or prevent transcription factor recruitment to regulatory regions of genes through modifications to DNA, histones, or the transcription factors themselves. This review will focus on the emerging question of how epigenetic modifiers and transcription factors interact to coordinately regulate gene expression in cardiovascular disease. While most studies have addressed the roles of either epigenetic or transcriptional control, our understanding of the integration of these processes is only just beginning. Interrogating these interactions is challenging, and improved technical approaches will be needed to fully dissect the temporal and spatial relationships between transcription factors, chromatin modifiers, and gene expression in cardiovascular disease. We summarize the current state of the field and provide perspectives on limitations and future directions. Through studies of epigenetic and transcriptional interactions, we can advance our understanding of the basic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease pathogenesis to develop novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Bauer
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kathleen A Martin
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
How does chromatin package DNA within nucleus and regulate gene expression? Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 101:862-881. [PMID: 28366861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The human body is made up of 60 trillion cells, each cell containing 2 millions of genomic DNA in its nucleus. How is this genomic deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA] organised into nuclei? Around 1880, W. Flemming discovered a nuclear substance that was clearly visible on staining under primitive light microscopes and named it 'chromatin'; this is now thought to be the basic unit of genomic DNA organization. Since long before DNA was known to carry genetic information, chromatin has fascinated biologists. DNA has a negatively charged phosphate backbone that produces electrostatic repulsion between adjacent DNA regions, making it difficult for DNA to fold upon itself. In this article, we will try to shed light on how does chromatin package DNA within nucleus and regulate gene expression?
Collapse
|
27
|
Haque ZK, Wang DZ. How cardiomyocytes sense pathophysiological stresses for cardiac remodeling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:983-1000. [PMID: 27714411 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, the cardiovascular community has laid out the fundamental signaling cascades that become awry in the cardiomyocyte during the process of pathologic cardiac remodeling. These pathways are initiated at the cell membrane and work their way to the nucleus to mediate gene expression. Complexity is multiplied as the cardiomyocyte is subjected to cross talk with other cells as well as a barrage of extracellular stimuli and mechanical stresses. In this review, we summarize the signaling cascades that play key roles in cardiac function and then we proceed to describe emerging concepts of how the cardiomyocyte senses the mechanical and environmental stimuli to transition to the deleterious genetic program that defines pathologic cardiac remodeling. As a highlighting example of these processes, we illustrate the transition from a compensated hypertrophied myocardium to a decompensated failing myocardium, which is clinically manifested as decompensated heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaffar K Haque
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1260 John F. Enders Research Bldg, 320 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1260 John F. Enders Research Bldg, 320 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Role of Histone Demethylases in Cardiomyocytes Induced to Hypertrophy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2634976. [PMID: 27722168 PMCID: PMC5046009 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2634976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic changes induced by histone demethylases play an important role in differentiation and pathological changes in cardiac cells. However, the role of the jumonji family of demethylases in the development of cardiac hypertrophy remains elusive. In this study, the presence of different histone demethylases in cardiac cells was evaluated after hypertrophy was induced with neurohormones. A cell line from rat cardiomyocytes was used as a biological model. The phenotypic profiles of the cells, as well as the expression of histone demethylases, were studied through immunofluorescence, transient transfection, western blot, and qRT-PCR analysis after inducing hypertrophy by angiotensin II and endothelin-1. An increase in fetal gene expression (ANP, BNP, and β-MHC) was observed in cardiomyocytes after treatment with angiotensin II and endothelin-1. A significant increase in JMJD2A expression, but not in UTX or JMJD2C expression, was observed. When JMJD2A was overexpressed in cardiomyocytes through transient transfection, the effect of neurohormones on fetal cardiac gene expression was increased. We conclude that JMJD2A plays a principal role in the regulation of fetal cardiac genes, which increase in expression during the pathological hypertrophic process.
Collapse
|
29
|
The Chromatin Remodeling Complex Chd4/NuRD Controls Striated Muscle Identity and Metabolic Homeostasis. Cell Metab 2016; 23:881-92. [PMID: 27166947 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Heart muscle maintains blood circulation, while skeletal muscle powers skeletal movement. Despite having similar myofibrilar sarcomeric structures, these striated muscles differentially express specific sarcomere components to meet their distinct contractile requirements. The mechanism responsible is still unclear. We show here that preservation of the identity of the two striated muscle types depends on epigenetic repression of the alternate lineage gene program by the chromatin remodeling complex Chd4/NuRD. Loss of Chd4 in the heart triggers aberrant expression of the skeletal muscle program, causing severe cardiomyopathy and sudden death. Conversely, genetic depletion of Chd4 in skeletal muscle causes inappropriate expression of cardiac genes and myopathy. In both striated tissues, mitochondrial function was also dependent on the Chd4/NuRD complex. We conclude that an epigenetic mechanism controls cardiac and skeletal muscle structural and metabolic identities and that loss of this regulation leads to hybrid striated muscle tissues incompatible with life.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
With the impressive advancement in high-throughput 'omics' technologies over the past two decades, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as the regulatory interface between the genome and environmental factors. These mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and RNA-based mechanisms. Their highly interdependent and coordinated action modulates the chromatin structure controlling access of the transcription machinery and thereby regulating expression of target genes. Given the rather limited proliferative capability of human cardiomyocytes, epigenetic regulation appears to play a particularly important role in the myocardium. The highly dynamic nature of the epigenome allows the heart to adapt to environmental challenges and to respond quickly and properly to cardiac stress. It is now becoming evident that histone-modifying and chromatin-remodeling enzymes as well as numerous non-coding RNAs play critical roles in cardiac development and function, while their dysregulation contributes to the onset and development of pathological cardiac remodeling culminating in HF. This review focuses on up-to-date knowledge about the epigenetic mechanisms and highlights their emerging role in the healthy and failing heart. Uncovering the determinants of epigenetic regulation holds great promise to accelerate the development of successful new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in human cardiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Marín-García
- The Molecular Cardiology and Neuromuscular Institute, 75 Raritan Ave., Highland Park, NJ, 08904, USA,
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
According to the standard model of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, GPCRs are localized to the cell membrane where they respond to extracellular signals. Stimulation of GPCRs leads to the activation of heterotrimeric G proteins and their intracellular signaling pathways. However, this model fails to accommodate GPCRs, G proteins, and their downstream effectors that are found on the nuclear membrane or in the nucleus. Evidence from isolated nuclei indicates the presence of GPCRs on the nuclear membrane that can activate similar G protein-dependent signaling pathways in the nucleus as at the cell surface. These pathways also include activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, calcium and nitric oxide synthase signaling in cardiomyocytes. In addition, a number of distinct heterotrimeric and monomeric G proteins have been found in the nucleus of various cell types. This review will focus on understanding the function of nuclear G proteins with a focus on cardiac signaling where applicable.
Collapse
|
32
|
Shao Y, Chernaya V, Johnson C, Yang WY, Cueto R, Sha X, Zhang Y, Qin X, Sun J, Choi ET, Wang H, Yang XF. Metabolic Diseases Downregulate the Majority of Histone Modification Enzymes, Making a Few Upregulated Enzymes Novel Therapeutic Targets--"Sand Out and Gold Stays". J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2016; 9:49-66. [PMID: 26746407 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-015-9664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether the expression of histone modification enzymes is regulated in physiological and pathological conditions, we took an experimental database mining approach pioneered in our labs to determine a panoramic expression profile of 164 enzymes in 19 human and 17 murine tissues. We have made the following significant findings: (1) Histone enzymes are differentially expressed in cardiovascular, immune, and other tissues; (2) our new pyramid model showed that heart and T cells are among a few tissues in which histone acetylation/deacetylation, and histone methylation/demethylation are in the highest varieties; and (3) histone enzymes are more downregulated than upregulated in metabolic diseases and regulatory T cell (Treg) polarization/ differentiation, but not in tumors. These results have demonstrated a new working model of "Sand out and Gold stays," where more downregulation than upregulation of histone enzymes in metabolic diseases makes a few upregulated enzymes the potential novel therapeutic targets in metabolic diseases and Treg activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Valeria Chernaya
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Candice Johnson
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - William Y Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Ramon Cueto
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xiaojin Sha
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research & Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jianxin Sun
- Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Eric T Choi
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.,Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xiao-feng Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research & Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB 1059, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li X, Li C, Sun G. Histone Acetylation and Its Modifiers in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:4065382. [PMID: 27379253 PMCID: PMC4917685 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4065382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide despite advances in its prevention and management. A comprehensive understanding of factors contributing to DN is required to develop more effective therapeutic options. It is becoming more evident that histone acetylation (HAc), as one of the epigenetic mechanisms, is thought to be associated with the etiology of diabetic vascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and DN. Histone acetylases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are the well-known regulators of reversible acetylation in the amino-terminal domains of histone and nonhistone proteins. In DN, however, the roles of histone acetylation (HAc) and these enzymes are still controversial. Some new evidence has revealed that HATs and HDACs inhibitors are renoprotective in cellular and animal models of DN, while, on the other hand, upregulation of HAc has been implicated in the pathogenesis of DN. In this review, we focus on the recent advances on the roles of HAc and their covalent enzymes in the development and progression of DN in certain cellular processes including fibrosis, inflammation, hypertrophy, and oxidative stress and discuss how targeting these enzymes and their inhibitors can ultimately lead to the therapeutic approaches for treating DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Chaoyuan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Guangdong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
- *Guangdong Sun:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cui H, Schlesinger J, Schoenhals S, Tönjes M, Dunkel I, Meierhofer D, Cano E, Schulz K, Berger MF, Haack T, Abdelilah-Seyfried S, Bulyk ML, Sauer S, Sperling SR. Phosphorylation of the chromatin remodeling factor DPF3a induces cardiac hypertrophy through releasing HEY repressors from DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:2538-53. [PMID: 26582913 PMCID: PMC4824069 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
DPF3 (BAF45c) is a member of the BAF chromatin remodeling complex. Two isoforms have been described, namely DPF3a and DPF3b. The latter binds to acetylated and methylated lysine residues of histones. Here, we elaborate on the role of DPF3a and describe a novel pathway of cardiac gene transcription leading to pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Upon hypertrophic stimuli, casein kinase 2 phosphorylates DPF3a at serine 348. This initiates the interaction of DPF3a with the transcriptional repressors HEY, followed by the release of HEY from the DNA. Moreover, BRG1 is bound by DPF3a, and is thus recruited to HEY genomic targets upon interaction of the two components. Consequently, the transcription of downstream targets such as NPPA and GATA4 is initiated and pathological cardiac hypertrophy is established. In human, DPF3a is significantly up-regulated in hypertrophic hearts of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or aortic stenosis. Taken together, we show that activation of DPF3a upon hypertrophic stimuli switches cardiac fetal gene expression from being silenced by HEY to being activated by BRG1. Thus, we present a novel pathway for pathological cardiac hypertrophy, whose inhibition is a long-term therapeutic goal for the treatment of the course of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany Group of Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jenny Schlesinger
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany Group of Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophia Schoenhals
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martje Tönjes
- Group of Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilona Dunkel
- Group of Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Meierhofer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Cano
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schulz
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael F Berger
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Committee on Higher Degrees in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Timm Haack
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular Biology, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular Biology, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany Potsdam University, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Animal Physiology, Karl-Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Martha L Bulyk
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Committee on Higher Degrees in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sascha Sauer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany CU Systems Medicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silke R Sperling
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany Group of Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Alcohol-induced histone H3K9 hyperacetylation and cardiac hypertrophy are reversed by a histone acetylases inhibitor anacardic acid in developing murine hearts. Biochimie 2015; 113:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
36
|
Rachmin I, Amsalem E, Golomb E, Beeri R, Gilon D, Fang P, Nechushtan H, Kay G, Guo M, Yiqing PL, Foo RSY, Fisher DE, Razin E, Tshori S. FHL2 switches MITF from activator to repressor of Erbin expression during cardiac hypertrophy. Int J Cardiol 2015; 195:85-94. [PMID: 26025865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a significant health care burden in developed countries. However, the molecular events leading from cardiac hypertrophy to CHF are unclear and preventive therapeutic approaches are limited. We have previously described that microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a key regulator of cardiac hypertrophy, but its cardiac targets are still uncharacterized. METHODS AND RESULTS Gene array analysis of hearts from MITF-mutated mice indicated that ErbB2 interacting protein (Erbin) is a candidate target gene for MITF. We have recently demonstrated that Erbin is decreased in human heart failure and plays a role as a negative modulator of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Here we show that Erbin expression is regulated by MITF. Under basal conditions MITF activates Erbin expression by direct binding to its promoter. However, under β-adrenergic stimulation Erbin expression is decreased only in wild type mice, but not in MITF-mutated mice. Yeast two-hybrid screening, using MITF as bait, identified an interaction with the cardiac-predominant four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 2 (FHL2), which was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation in both mouse and human hearts. Upon β-adrenergic stimulation, FHL2 and MITF bind Erbin promoter as a complex and repress MITF-directed Erbin expression. Overexpression of FHL2 alone had no effect on Erbin expression, but in the presence of MITF, Erbin expression was decreased. FHL2-MITF association was also increased in biopsies of heart failure patients. CONCLUSION MITF unexpectedly regulates both the activation and the repression of Erbin expression. This ligand mediated fine tuning of its gene expression could be an important mechanism in the process of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Rachmin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eden Amsalem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eliahu Golomb
- Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 91031, Israel
| | - Ronen Beeri
- Heart Institute, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O. Box 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Dan Gilon
- Heart Institute, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O. Box 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Pengfei Fang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Hovav Nechushtan
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical center, P.O. Box 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Gillian Kay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Peter Li Yiqing
- Cardiovascular Research institute, Center of Translational Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Roger S-Y Foo
- Cardiovascular Research institute, Center of Translational Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - David E Fisher
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 149, 13th Street Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Ehud Razin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Sagi Tshori
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O. Box 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Weng X, Yu L, Liang P, Li L, Dai X, Zhou B, Wu X, Xu H, Fang M, Chen Q, Xu Y. A crosstalk between chromatin remodeling and histone H3K4 methyltransferase complexes in endothelial cells regulates angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 82:48-58. [PMID: 25712920 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in part by stimulating endothelin (ET-1) transcription. The involvement of the epigenetic machinery in this process is largely undefined. In the present study, we examined the epigenetic maneuvering underlying cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis following ET-1 transactivation by Ang II. In response to Ang II stimulation, core components of the mammalian chromatin remodeling complex (Brahma-related gene 1, or Brg1, and Brahma or Brm) and histone H3K4 methylation complex (Ash2, absent, small, or homeotic discs 2, or Ash2 and WD domain repeat 5, or Wdr5) were recruited to the ET-1 promoter region in endothelial cells. Over-expression of Brg1/Brm or Ash2/Wdr5 enhanced while depletion of Brg1/Brm or Ash2/Wdr5 attenuated Ang II-induced ET-1 transactivation. Endothelial-specific knockdown of Brg1/Brm or Ash2/Wdr5 ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy both in vitro and in vivo. More important, Brg1/Brm interacted with Ash2/Wdr5 on the ET-1 promoter to catalyze H3K4 methylation. The crosstalk between Brg11/Brm and Ash2/Wdr5 was mediated by myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A). In conclusion, our data have unveiled an epigenetic complex that links ET-1 transactivation in endothelial cells to Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bisheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Fang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Togliatto G, Dentelli P, Brizzi MF. Skewed Epigenetics: An Alternative Therapeutic Option for Diabetes Complications. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:373708. [PMID: 26064979 PMCID: PMC4430641 DOI: 10.1155/2015/373708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular complications are major causes of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes patients. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and a lack of efficient antioxidant machinery, a result of hyperglycaemia, mainly contribute to this problem. Although advances in therapy have significantly reduced both morbidity and mortality in diabetic individuals, diabetes-associated vascular complications are still one of the most challenging health problems worldwide. New healing options are urgently needed as current therapeutics are failing to improve long-term outcomes. Particular effort has recently been devoted to understanding the functional relationship between chromatin structure regulation and the persistent change in gene expression which is driven by hyperglycaemia and which accounts for long-lasting diabetic complications. A detailed investigation into epigenetic chromatin modifications in type 2 diabetes is underway. This will be particularly useful in the design of mechanism-based therapeutics which interfere with long-lasting activating epigenetics and improve patient outcomes. We herein provide an overview of the most relevant mechanisms that account for hyperglycaemia-induced changes in chromatin structure; the most relevant mechanism is called "metabolic memory."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Togliatto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Patrizia Dentelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Felice Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy
- *Maria Felice Brizzi:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang H, Shao Z, Alibin CP, Acosta C, Anderson HD. Liganded peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) preserve nuclear histone deacetylase 5 levels in endothelin-treated Sprague-Dawley rat cardiac myocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115258. [PMID: 25514029 PMCID: PMC4267838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ligand activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) prevents cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and we previously reported that diacylglycerol kinase zeta (DGKζ) is critically involved. DGKζ is an intracellular lipid kinase that catalyzes phosphorylation of diacylglycerol; by attenuating DAG signaling, DGKζ suppresses protein kinase C (PKC) and G-protein signaling. Here, we investigated how PPAR-DGKζ signaling blocks activation of the hypertrophic gene program. We focused on export of histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) from the nucleus, a key event during hypertrophy, since crosstalk occurs between PPARs and other members of the HDAC family. Using cardiac myocytes isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats, we determined that liganded PPARs disrupt endothelin-1 (ET1)-induced nuclear export of HDAC5 in a manner that is dependent on DGKζ. When DGKζ-mediated PKC inhibition was circumvented using a constitutively-active PKCε mutant, PPARs failed to block ET1-induced nuclear retention of HDAC5. Liganded PPARs also prevented (i) activation of protein kinase D (the downstream effector of PKC), (ii) HDAC5 phosphorylation at 14-3-3 protein chaperone binding sites (serines 259 and 498), and (iii) physical interaction between HDAC5 and 14-3-3, all of which are consistent with blockade of nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of HDAC5. Finally, the ability of PPARs to prevent neutralization of HDAC5 activity was associated with transcriptional repression of hypertrophic genes. This occurred by first, reduced MEF2 transcriptional activity and second, augmented deacetylation of histone H3 associated with hypertrophic genes expressing brain natriuretic peptide, β-myosin heavy chain, skeletal muscle α-actin, and cardiac muscle α-actin. Our findings identify spatial regulation of HDAC5 as a target for liganded PPARs, and to our knowledge, are the first to describe a mechanistic role for nuclear DGKζ in cardiac myocytes. In conclusion, these results implicate modulation of HDAC5 as a mechanism by which liganded PPARs suppress the hypertrophic gene program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haining Zhang
- From the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Zongjun Shao
- From the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Caroline P. Alibin
- From the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Crystal Acosta
- From the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hope D. Anderson
- From the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Marsh SA, Collins HE, Chatham JC. Protein O-GlcNAcylation and cardiovascular (patho)physiology. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34449-56. [PMID: 25336635 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r114.585984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in the regulation of the cardiovascular system has increased rapidly in recent years. Studies have linked increased O-GlcNAc levels to glucose toxicity and diabetic complications; conversely, acute activation of O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to be cardioprotective. However, it is also increasingly evident that O-GlcNAc turnover plays a central role in the delicate regulation of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the goals of this minireview are to summarize our current understanding of how changes in O-GlcNAcylation influence cardiovascular pathophysiology and to highlight the evidence that O-GlcNAc cycling is critical for normal function of the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan A Marsh
- From the Section of Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99210-1495 and
| | - Helen E Collins
- the Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019
| | - John C Chatham
- the Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Affiliation(s)
- Ali J Marian
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Genetic Research, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston.
| |
Collapse
|