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Qiao L, Chang J, Yang G, Deng T, Liu P, Wang J, Xu C. Prophylactic supplementation with selenium nanoparticles protects against foodborne toxin zearalenone-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116914. [PMID: 39182281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been used as a potential alternative to other forms of selenium in nutritional supplements for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory and oxidative stress-related diseases. Zearalenone (ZEA) is a foodborne mycotoxin present in grains that poses a health threat. Here, we investigated the adverse impacts of ZEA on intestinal homeostasis and explored the protective effects of probiotic-synthesized SeNPs against its damage. Results showed that ZEA reduced mucin and tight junction proteins expression in jejunum, induced inflammatory process and oxidative stress which in turn increased intestinal permeability in mice. ZEA-induced intestinal toxicity was further verified in vitro. Intracellular redox imbalance triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in intestinal epithelial cells, which caused structural damage to the ER. Remarkably, SeNPs exhibited a counteractive effect by inducing a decrease in intracellular levels of Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and Ca2+, along with a reduction in the expression level of IP3 receptor. SeNPs effectively mitigated ZEA-induced ER stress was related to the increased activity of selenium-dependent antioxidant enzymes and the expression of ER-resident selenoproteins. Furthermore, SeNPs significantly inhibited the activation of PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP pathway in vitro and in vivo. In addition, SeNPs effectively reversed ZEA-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing beneficial bacteria (Alloprevotella and Muribaculaceae). The Spearman correlation analysis suggested that the structure of gut microbiota was closely related to the SeNPs attenuation of ZEA-induced intestinal toxicity. This study provides new insights into ZEA-induced intestinal toxicity and identifies a novel potential nutrient SeNPs to overcome adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jiajing Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Ge Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Tianjing Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Peiyun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Chunlan Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
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2
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Yang D, Ge T, Zhou J, Li H, Zhang Y. Aloe-emodin alleviates inflammatory bowel disease in mice by modulating intestinal microbiome homeostasis via the IL-4/IL-13 axis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34932. [PMID: 39157379 PMCID: PMC11328045 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health concern. Aloe-emodin (AE) has diverse pharmacological benefits, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, its role in IBD remains unclear, prompting our investigation of its regulatory effects and mechanisms in an IBD mouse model. Methods We studied the therapeutic efficacy of AE in alleviating symptoms and modulating cytokine secretion in a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. BALB/c mice were administered DSS to induce colitis and were subsequently treated with varying doses of AE. Changes in body weight, fecal lipocalin-2 (LCN2) levels, colon tissue histology, and serum cytokine concentrations were evaluated to assess the effects of AE treatment. Additionally, 16 S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota following AE intervention. Finally, the database was used to analyze the signaling pathways associated with IBD in AE and to detect the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-4 pathway using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Exogenous IL-4 was used in rescue experiments to observe its effects on the disease process of IBD under AE regulation. Results AE treatment resulted in a dose-dependent mitigation of weight loss, reduction in fecal LCN2 levels, and amelioration of histological damage in DSS-induced colitis in mice. The levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase increased, whereas malondialdehyde decreased following AE treatment, indicating a dose-dependent alleviation of colitis symptoms. Furthermore, AE administration attenuated the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and chemokine ligand 1, while promoting the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that AE effectively suppressed the overgrowth of colitis-associated bacterial species and restored microbial homeostasis. Finally, we found that overexpression of IL-4 was able to reverse the therapeutic effect of AE for DSS-induced IBD. Conclusion AE shows promise in alleviating colitis severity, influencing inflammatory cytokines, and modulating the gut microbiota in an IBD mouse model via the IL-4/IL-13 pathway, suggesting its potential as a natural IBD remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, NO.6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222061, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huazhuan Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, NO.6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222061, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, NO.6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222061, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Tinnirello V, Zizzo MG, Conigliaro A, Tabone M, Ganji NR, Cicio A, Bressa C, Larrosa M, Rappa F, Vergilio G, Gasparro R, Gallo A, Serio RM, Alessandro R, Raimondo S. Industrial-produced lemon nanovesicles ameliorate experimental colitis-associated damages in rats via the activation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses and microbiota modification. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116514. [PMID: 38574618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have recently emerged as natural delivery systems of biofunctional compounds toward mammalian cells. Considering their already described composition, anti-inflammatory properties, stability, and low toxicity, PDNVs offer a promising path for developing new preventive strategies for several inflammatory diseases, among which the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we explore the protective effects of industrially produced lemon vesicles (iLNVs) in a rat model of IBD. Characterization of iLNVs reveals the presence of small particles less than 200 nm in size and a profile of bioactive compounds enriched in flavonoids and organic acids with known beneficial properties. In vitro studies on human macrophages confirm the safety and anti-inflammatory effects of iLNVs, as evidenced by the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased levels of anti-inflammatory markers. As evidenced by in vivo experiments, pre-treatment with iLNVs significantly alleviates symptoms and histological features in 2,4 dinitrobenzensulfuric acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Molecular pathway analysis reveals modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2, indicating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Finally, iLNVs affects gut microbiota composition, improving the consistent colitis-related alterations. Overall, we demonstrated the protective role of industrially produced lemon nanovesicles against colitis and emphasized their potential in managing IBD through multifaceted mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Tinnirello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Zizzo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Alice Conigliaro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Mariangela Tabone
- MAS Microbiota Group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain; Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain
| | - Nima Rabienezhad Ganji
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Adele Cicio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Carlo Bressa
- MAS Microbiota Group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain; Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid 28670, Spain
| | - Mar Larrosa
- MAS Microbiota Group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127 Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Section of Palermo, National Research Council (CNR), Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vergilio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127 Italy
| | - Roberta Gasparro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Alessia Gallo
- Research Department, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Serio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy; Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo 90133, Italy.
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Iwaniak P, Owe-Larsson M, Urbańska EM. Microbiota, Tryptophan and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors as the Target Triad in Parkinson's Disease-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2915. [PMID: 38474162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the era of a steadily increasing lifespan, neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly present a significant therapeutic and socio-economic challenge. A properly balanced diet and microbiome diversity have been receiving increasing attention as targets for therapeutic interventions in neurodegeneration. Microbiota may affect cognitive function, neuronal survival and death, and gut dysbiosis was identified in Parkinson's disease (PD). Tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid, is degraded by microbiota and hosts numerous compounds with immune- and neuromodulating properties. This broad narrative review presents data supporting the concept that microbiota, the Trp-kynurenine (KYN) pathway and aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) form a triad involved in PD. A disturbed gut-brain axis allows the bidirectional spread of pro-inflammatory molecules and α-synuclein, which may contribute to the development/progression of the disease. We suggest that the peripheral levels of kynurenines and AhR ligands are strongly linked to the Trp metabolism in the gut and should be studied together with the composition of the microbiota. Such an approach can clearly delineate the sub-populations of PD patients manifesting with a disturbed microbiota-Trp-KYN-brain triad, who would benefit from modifications in the Trp metabolism. Analyses of the microbiome, Trp-KYN pathway metabolites and AhR signaling may shed light on the mechanisms of intestinal distress and identify new targets for the diagnosis and treatment in early-stage PD. Therapeutic interventions based on the combination of a well-defined food regimen, Trp and probiotics seem of potential benefit and require further experimental and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Iwaniak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maja Owe-Larsson
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa M Urbańska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
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Issa M, Michaudel C, Guinot M, Grauso-Culetto M, Guillon B, Lecardonnel J, Jouneau L, Chapuis C, Bernard H, Hazebrouck S, Castelli F, Fenaille F, Gaultier E, Rivière G, Houdeau E, Adel-Patient K. Long-term exposure from perinatal life to food-grade TiO 2 alters intestinal homeostasis and predisposes to food allergy in young mice. Allergy 2024; 79:471-484. [PMID: 38010857 DOI: 10.1111/all.15960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy (FA) is an inappropriate immunological response to food proteins resulting from an impaired induction of oral tolerance. Various early environmental factors can affect the establishment of intestinal homeostasis, predisposing to FA in early life. In this context, we aimed to assess the effect of chronic perinatal exposure to food-grade titanium dioxide (fg-TiO2 ), a common food additive. METHODS Dams were fed a control versus fg-TiO2 -enriched diet from preconception to weaning, and their progeny received the same diet at weaning. A comprehensive analysis of baseline intestinal and systemic homeostasis was performed in offspring 1 week after weaning by assessing gut barrier maturation and microbiota composition, and local and systemic immune system and metabolome. The effect of fg-TiO2 on the susceptibility of progeny to develop oral tolerance versus FA to cow's milk proteins (CMP) was performed starting at the same baseline time-point, using established models. Sensitization to CMP was investigated by measuring β-lactoglobulin and casein-specific IgG1 and IgE antibodies, and elicitation of the allergic reaction by measuring mouse mast cell protease (mMCP1) in plasma collected after an oral food challenge. RESULTS Perinatal exposure to fg-TiO2 at realistic human doses led to an increased propensity to develop FA and an impaired induction of oral tolerance only in young males, which could be related to global baseline alterations in intestinal barrier, gut microbiota composition, local and systemic immunity, and metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Long-term perinatal exposure to fg-TiO2 alters intestinal homeostasis establishment and predisposes to food allergy, with a clear gender effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Issa
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Chloé Michaudel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marine Guinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marta Grauso-Culetto
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Blanche Guillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jérôme Lecardonnel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luc Jouneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Céline Chapuis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hervé Bernard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Stephane Hazebrouck
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florence Castelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE - UMR Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Laboratoire d'Innovation en Spectrométrie de Masse, Saclay, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE - UMR Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Laboratoire d'Innovation en Spectrométrie de Masse, Saclay, France
| | - Eric Gaultier
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Rivière
- Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Karine Adel-Patient
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI/Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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6
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Meng X, Shu Q. Novel primers to identify a wider diversity of butyrate-producing bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:76. [PMID: 38252387 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Butyrate-producing bacteria are a functionally important part of the intestinal tract flora, and the resulting butyric acid is essential for maintaining host intestinal health, regulating the immune system, and influencing energy metabolism. However, butyrate-producing bacteria have not been defined as a coherent phylogenetic group. They are primarily identified using primers for key genes in the butyrate-producing pathway, and their use has been limited to the Bacillota and Bacteroidetes phyla. To overcome this limitation, we developed functional gene primers able to identify butyrate-producing bacteria through the butyrate kinase gene, which encodes the enzyme involved in the final step of the butyrate-producing pathway. Genomes extracted from human and rat feces were used to amplify the target genes through PCR. The obtained sequences were analyzed using BLASTX to construct a developmental tree using the MEGA software. The newly designed butyrate kinase gene primers allowed to recognize a wider diversity of butyrate-producing bacteria than that recognized using currently available primers. Specifically, butyrate-producing bacteria from the Synergistota and Spirochaetota phyla were identified for the first time using these primers. Thus, the developed primers provide a more accurate method for researchers and doctors to identify potential butyrate-producing bacteria and deepen our understanding of butyrate-producing bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinglong Shu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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7
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Lee SW, Park HJ, Van Kaer L, Hong S. Role of CD1d and iNKT cells in regulating intestinal inflammation. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1343718. [PMID: 38274786 PMCID: PMC10808723 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1343718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, a subset of unconventional T cells that recognize glycolipid antigens in a CD1d-dependent manner, are crucial in regulating diverse immune responses such as autoimmunity. By engaging with CD1d-expressing non-immune cells (such as intestinal epithelial cells and enterochromaffin cells) and immune cells (such as type 3 innate lymphoid cells, B cells, monocytes and macrophages), iNKT cells contribute to the maintenance of immune homeostasis in the intestine. In this review, we discuss the impact of iNKT cells and CD1d in the regulation of intestinal inflammation, examining both cellular and molecular factors with the potential to influence the functions of iNKT cells in inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Biomedical Services, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Luc Van Kaer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Seokmann Hong
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Z, Chen W, Chan H, Peng J, Zhu P, Li J, Jiang X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Tan Z, Peng Y, Zhang S, Lin K, Yung KKL. Polystyrene microplastics induce size-dependent multi-organ damage in mice: Insights into gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132503. [PMID: 37717443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Particle size is one of the most important factors in determining the biological toxicity of microplastics (MPs). In this study, we attempted to examine the systemic toxicity of polystyrene MPs of different sizes (0.5 µm MP1 and 5 µm MP2) in C57BL/6 J mice. After the mice were given oral gavage of MPs for 8 consecutive weeks, histopathology and molecular biology assays, 16 S rRNA sequencing of the gut microbiota, and untargeted metabolomics were performed. The results showed that MPs were distributed in the organs in a size-dependent manner, with smaller particles demonstrating greater biodistribution. Further analysis indicated that exposure to MPs caused multi-organ damage through distinct toxicity pathways. Specifically, exposure to 0.5 µm MP1 led to excessive accumulation and induced more serious inflammation and mechanical damage in the spleen, kidney, heart, lung, and liver. However, 5 µm MP2 led to more severe intestinal barrier dysfunction, as well as gut dysbiosis and metabolic disorder in association with neuroinflammation. These results are helpful in expanding our knowledge of the toxicity of MPs of different sizes in mammalian models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhang
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wenqing Chen
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hiutung Chan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Junjie Peng
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Peili Zhu
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Junkui Li
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Zhang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zicong Tan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yungkang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kaili Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ken Kin-Lam Yung
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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9
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Zhu X, Cai J, Wang Y, Liu X, Chen X, Wang H, Wu Z, Bao W, Fan H, Wu S. A High-Fat Diet Increases the Characteristics of Gut Microbial Composition and the Intestinal Damage Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16733. [PMID: 38069055 PMCID: PMC10706137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing annually, and emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a causative role in the development of NAFLD. However, the role of gut microbiota in the development of NAFLD remains unclear and warrants further investigation. Thus, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and we found that the HFD significantly induced obesity and increased the accumulation of intrahepatic lipids, along with alterations in serum biochemical parameters. Moreover, it was observed that the HFD also impaired gut barrier integrity. It was revealed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing that the HFD increased gut microbial diversity, which enriched Colidextribacter, Lachnospiraceae-NK4A136-group, Acetatifactor, and Erysipelatoclostridium. Meanwhile, it reduced the abundance of Faecalibaculum, Muribaculaceae, and Coriobacteriaceae-UCG-002. The predicted metabolic pathways suggest that HFD enhances the chemotaxis and functional activity of gut microbiota pathways associated with flagellar assembly, while also increasing the risk of intestinal pathogen colonization and inflammation. And the phosphotransferase system, streptomycin biosynthesis, and starch/sucrose metabolism exhibited decreases. These findings reveal the composition and predictive functions of the intestinal microbiome in NAFLD, further corroborating the association between gut microbiota and NAFLD while providing novel insights into its potential application in gut microbiome research for NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Jiajia Cai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Yifu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Zhengchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Hairui Fan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (H.W.); (Z.W.); (W.B.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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10
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Li X, Wang Z, Gao H, Xiao Y, Li M, Huang Y, Liu G, Guo Y, Song L, Ren Z. Pulsatillae radix extract alleviates DSS-induced colitis via modulating gut microbiota and inflammatory signaling pathway in mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21869. [PMID: 38034600 PMCID: PMC10685249 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing intestinal disease with complex pathogenesis. The increasing morbidity and mortality of UC become a global public health threat. Baitouweng decoction (BD), a formulated prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been applied to cure UC for many centuries. However, the therapeutic efficacy and working mechanisms of this medicine are not well studied. Aim of study In this study we determined whether Pulsatillae radix, one of four ingredients in BD, had a therapeutic effect on colitis. And explore the underlying mechanism of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel radix in the improvement of DSS-induced colitis in mice model. Methods The active compounds of Pulsatilla chinensis was identified by UPLC. The composition of the mice's cecum microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. And gene expression profile of colon was detected by transcriptome. Results The results showed that Pulsatillae radix significantly improved the clinical symptom, prevented the shorten of colon length, and decreased the diseased activity index (DAI) in an 3 % DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model. We found that Pulsatillae radix reversed the dysbiosis of gut microbiota as evidenced by increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Deferribacteres, and Proteobacteria phyla and decrease in Firmicutes, as well as by decrease in the genera levels of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Prevotella, Mucispirillum, Coprococcus, Oscillospira, and Escherichia. The results of transcriptome showed Pulsatillae radix administration led to 128 genes up-regulation, and 122 genes down-regulation, up-regulate NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, down-regulate Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways. Conclusion in this study, we demonstrate Pulsatillae radix alleviates DSS-induced colitis probably via modulating gut microbiota and inflammatory signaling pathway in DSS-induced colitis mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
- National Engineering Center of Dairy for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd., No.8, Yingchang Street, Yinghai Town, Daxing District, Beijing, 100163, China
| | - Zhihuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Hongyuan Gao
- Taian TSCM Hospital, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Mengde Li
- School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Yuanming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Guoxing Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
- Linwei Liu Zunji Clinic of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weinan, Shaanxi, 714000, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Liqiong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhihong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
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11
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Casto-Rebollo C, Argente MJ, García ML, Pena RN, Blasco A, Ibáñez-Escriche N. Selection for environmental variance shifted the gut microbiome composition driving animal resilience. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:147. [PMID: 37400907 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how the host's microbiome shapes phenotypes and participates in the host response to selection is fundamental for evolutionists and animal and plant breeders. Currently, selection for resilience is considered a critical step in improving the sustainability of livestock systems. Environmental variance (V E), the within-individual variance of a trait, has been successfully used as a proxy for animal resilience. Selection for reduced V E could effectively shift gut microbiome composition; reshape the inflammatory response, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels; and drive animal resilience. This study aimed to determine the gut microbiome composition underlying the V E of litter size (LS), for which we performed a metagenomic analysis in two rabbit populations divergently selected for low (n = 36) and high (n = 34) V E of LS. Partial least square-discriminant analysis and alpha- and beta-diversity were computed to determine the differences in gut microbiome composition among the rabbit populations. RESULTS We identified 116 KEGG IDs, 164 COG IDs, and 32 species with differences in abundance between the two rabbit populations studied. These variables achieved a classification performance of the V E rabbit populations of over than 80%. Compared to the high V E population, the low V E (resilient) population was characterized by an underrepresentation of Megasphaera sp., Acetatifactor muris, Bacteroidetes rodentium, Ruminococcus bromii, Bacteroidetes togonis, and Eggerthella sp. and greater abundances of Alistipes shahii, Alistipes putredinis, Odoribacter splanchnicus, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, and Sutterella, among others. Differences in abundance were also found in pathways related to biofilm formation, quorum sensing, glutamate, and amino acid aromatic metabolism. All these results suggest differences in gut immunity modulation, closely related to resilience. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show that selection for V E of LS can shift the gut microbiome composition. The results revealed differences in microbiome composition related to gut immunity modulation, which could contribute to the differences in resilience among rabbit populations. The selection-driven shifts in gut microbiome composition should make a substantial contribution to the remarkable genetic response observed in the V E rabbit populations. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Casto-Rebollo
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - María José Argente
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria Y Agroambiental (CIAGRO_UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312, Spain
| | - María Luz García
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria Y Agroambiental (CIAGRO_UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312, Spain
| | - Ramona Natacha Pena
- Departament de Ciència Animal, Universitat de Lleida-AGROTECNIO Center, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Agustín Blasco
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Noelia Ibáñez-Escriche
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain.
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12
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Wan J, Yu X, Liu J, Li J, Ai T, Yin C, Liu H, Qin R. A special polysaccharide hydrogel coated on Brasenia schreberi: preventive effects against ulcerative colitis via modulation of gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:3564-3575. [PMID: 36946057 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03207d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a growing health concern in humans, but it can be prevented by using special dietary strategies. Young stems and leaves of Brasenia schreberi (BS) are coated with a special polysaccharide hydrogel (BS mucilage) which can be beneficial for colon health. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of BS mucilage against UC in a DSS-treated mouse model. Although containing only 0.3% solid content, our research showed that BS mucilage effectively attenuated the disease activity index (DAI) and the spleen index and downregulated IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6 and CAT mRNA levels in DSS-treated mice, which is a promising UC alleviation function. Additionally, BS mucilage also improved the propionate and butyrate levels in mouse feces and alleviated the imbalanced gut microbiota induced by DSS. The abundance of pro-inflammatory and colorectal cancer related bacteria, such as Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Acutalibacter and Christensenella, was decreased by BS mucilage feeding, whereas the abundance of anti-inflammatory and SCFA-producing bacteria including Alistipes and Odoribacter was increased. In conclusion, the current study shows that the daily consumption of BS mucilage could be an effective way to prevent UC in mice, via modulation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xiujuan Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jiao Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tingyang Ai
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Cong Yin
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Rui Qin
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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13
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An J, Song Y, Kim S, Kong H, Kim K. Alteration of Gut Microbes in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Model and Finasteride Treatment Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065904. [PMID: 36982979 PMCID: PMC10057928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbes are closely associated with disease onset and improvement. However, the effects of gut microbes on the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are still unclear. We investigated the alteration of gut microbiota with implications for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of BPH and identified correlations among various indicators, including hormone indicators, apoptosis markers in BPH, and finasteride treatment models. BPH induction altered the abundance of Lactobacillus, Flavonifractor, Acetatifactor, Oscillibacter, Pseudoflavonifractor, Intestinimonas, and Butyricimonas genera, which are related to BPH indicators. Among these, the altered abundance of Lactobacillus and Acetatifactor was associated with the promotion and inhibition of prostate apoptosis, respectively. Finasteride treatment altered the abundance of Barnesiella, Acetatifactor, Butyricimonas, Desulfovibrio, Anaerobacterium, and Robinsoniella genera, which are related to BPH indicators. Among these, altered abundances of Desulfovibrio and Acetatifactor were associated with the promotion and inhibition of prostate apoptosis, respectively. In addition, the abundances of Lactobacillus and Acetatifactor were normalized after finasteride treatment. In conclusion, the association between apoptosis and altered abundances of Lactobacillus and Acetatifactor, among other gut microbes, suggests their potential utility in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho An
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngcheon Song
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangbum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseok Kong
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- College of Animal Biotechnology and Resource, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
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14
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High-fat diet and estrogen modulate the gut microbiota in a sex-dependent manner in mice. Commun Biol 2023; 6:20. [PMID: 36624306 PMCID: PMC9829864 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04406-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet can lead to gut microbiota dysbiosis, chronic intestinal inflammation, and metabolic syndrome. Notably, resulting phenotypes, such as glucose and insulin levels, colonic crypt cell proliferation, and macrophage infiltration, exhibit sex differences, and females are less affected. This is, in part, attributed to sex hormones. To investigate if there are sex differences in the microbiota and if estrogenic ligands can attenuate high-fat diet-induced dysbiosis, we used whole-genome shotgun sequencing to characterize the impact of diet, sex, and estrogenic ligands on the microbial composition of the cecal content of mice. We here report clear host sex differences along with remarkably sex-dependent responses to high-fat diet. Females, specifically, exhibited increased abundance of Blautia hansenii, and its levels correlated negatively with insulin levels in both sexes. Estrogen treatment had a modest impact on the microbiota diversity but altered a few important species in males. This included Collinsella aerofaciens F, which we show correlated with colonic macrophage infiltration. In conclusion, male and female mice exhibit clear differences in their cecal microbial composition and in how diet and estrogens impact the composition. Further, specific microbial strains are significantly correlated with metabolic parameters.
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15
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Davis EW, Wong CP, Arnold HK, Kasschau K, Gaulke CA, Sharpton TJ, Ho E. Age and micronutrient effects on the microbiome in a mouse model of zinc depletion and supplementation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275352. [PMID: 36534653 PMCID: PMC9762596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adult populations are at risk for zinc deficiency, which may predispose them to immune dysfunction and age-related chronic inflammation that drives myriad diseases and disorders. Recent work also implicates the gut microbiome in the onset and severity of age-related inflammation, indicating that dietary zinc status and the gut microbiome may interact to impact age-related host immunity. We hypothesize that age-related alterations in the gut microbiome contribute to the demonstrated zinc deficits in host zinc levels and increased inflammation. We tested this hypothesis with a multifactor two-part study design in a C57BL/6 mouse model. The two studies included young (2 month old) and aged (24 month old) mice fed either (1) a zinc adequate or zinc supplemented diet, or (2) a zinc adequate or marginal zinc deficient diet, respectively. Overall microbiome composition did not significantly change with zinc status; beta diversity was driven almost exclusively by age effects. Microbiome differences due to age are evident at all taxonomic levels, with more than half of all taxonomic units significantly different. Furthermore, we found 150 out of 186 genera were significantly different between the two age groups, with Bacteriodes and Parabacteroides being the primary taxa of young and old mice, respectively. These data suggest that modulating individual micronutrient concentrations does not lead to comprehensive microbiome shifts, but rather affects specific components of the gut microbiome. However, a phylogenetic agglomeration technique (ClaaTU) revealed phylogenetic clades that respond to modulation of dietary zinc status and inflammation state in an age-dependent manner. Collectively, these results suggest that a complex interplay exists between host age, gut microbiome composition, and dietary zinc status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward W. Davis
- Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Carmen P. Wong
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Holly K. Arnold
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kristin Kasschau
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Gaulke
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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The role of NOD2 in intestinal immune response and microbiota modulation: A therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Jin L, Bian X, Dong W, Yang R, Jing C, Li X, Yang D, Guo C, Gao W. A Chinese herbs complex ameliorates gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by intermittent cold exposure in female rats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1065780. [PMID: 36532488 PMCID: PMC9748289 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1065780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold is a common source of stress in the alpine areas of northern China. It affects the microbial community, resulting in the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms and intestinal diseases. In recent years, studies have reported that Chinese herbal extracts and their fermentation broth have a significant beneficial effect on gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate the probiotic effect of a self-designed Chinese herbs complex on the gut microbiota of rats exposed to cold. The rats were treated with intermittent cold exposure and Chinese herbs complex for 14 days, and the gut microbiota composition and other parameters were assayed. The 16s ribosomal DNA high-throughput sequencing and analysis confirmed that the Chinese herbs complex positively improved the gut microbiota. We found that cold exposure could lead to significant changes in the composition of gut microbiota, and affect the intestinal barrier and other physiological functions. The relative abundance of some probiotics in the genus such as Roseburia, Parasutterella, and Elusimicrobium in rats treated with Chinese herbs complex was significantly increased. Serum D-lactic acid (D-LA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were increased in the cold exposure group and decreased in the Chinese herbs complex-treated group. Moreover, the Chinese herbs complex significantly increased the protein expression of occludin. In conclusion, the Chinese herbs complex is effective in restoring the gut microbiota caused by cold exposure, improving the function of the intestinal barrier, and may act as a prebiotic in combatting gut dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Danfeng Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Changjiang Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weina Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
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18
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Hong SN, Park JY, Yang SY, Lee C, Kim YH, Joung JG. Reduced diversity of intestinal T-cell receptor repertoire in patients with Crohn’s disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:932373. [PMID: 36034703 PMCID: PMC9401206 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.932373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The intestinal microenvironment directly determines the human T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. Despite its extreme diversity, TCR repertoire analysis may provide a better understanding of the immune system in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods To investigate TCR repertoires in the intestinal mucosa, RNA sequencing was performed for inflamed and non-inflamed intestinal mucosa samples obtained from 13 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and healthy mucosa from nine non-IBD controls. Results The gene expression frequency of the TCR repertoire showed a clear separation between inflamed mucosa of patients with CD and healthy mucosa of non-IBD controls in the hierarchical clustering heatmap. The richness of TCR repertoires measured by the Chao1 index did not show a significant difference among groups, whereas diversity measured by the D50 diversity index was decreased in the inflamed mucosa of CD patients. Rare/small TCR clonotypes occupied a large proportion of TCR repertoires in healthy mucosa of controls, whereas expanded clonotypes were common in inflamed mucosa of patients with CD. Segment usages of TRAV2, TRAV22, TRAV40, TRJ14, TRAJ51, TRBV1, TRBV21.1, and TRBJ1.5 were significantly decreased in CD patients. KEGG enrichment analysis identified the enrichment of several KEGG pathways, including inflammatory bowel disease (p = 0.0012), Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation (p = 0.0011), and intestinal immune network for IgA production (p = 0.0468). Conclusions The diversity of the TCR repertoire is reduced in inflamed mucosa of CD patients, which might contribute to intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Noh Hong
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sung Noh Hong, ; ; Je-Gun Joung,
| | - Joo-Young Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Yun Yang
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chansu Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Je-Gun Joung
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sung Noh Hong, ; ; Je-Gun Joung,
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19
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Tosti E, Almeida AS, Tran TT, Barbachan e Silva M, Broin PÓ, Dubin R, Chen K, Beck AP, Mclellan AS, Vilar E, Golden A, O’Toole PW, Edelmann W. Loss of MMR and TGFBR2 Increases the Susceptibility to Microbiota-Dependent Inflammation-Associated Colon Cancer. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:693-717. [PMID: 35688320 PMCID: PMC9421583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes are causative in Lynch syndrome and a significant proportion of sporadic colorectal cancers (CRCs). MMR-deficient (dMMR) CRCs display increased mutation rates, with mutations frequently accumulating at short repetitive DNA sequences throughout the genome (microsatellite instability). The TGFBR2 gene is one of the most frequently mutated genes in dMMR CRCs. Therefore, we generated an animal model to study how the loss of both TGFBR2 signaling impacts dMMR-driven intestinal tumorigenesis in vivo and explore the impact of the gut microbiota. METHODS We generated VCMsh2/Tgfbr2 mice in which Msh2loxP and Tgfbr2loxP alleles are inactivated by Villin-Cre recombinase in the intestinal epithelium. VCMsh2/Tgfbr2 mice were analyzed for their rate of intestinal cancer development and for the mutational spectra and gene expression profiles of tumors. In addition, we assessed the impact of chemically induced chronic inflammation and gut microbiota composition on colorectal tumorigenesis. RESULTS VCMsh2/Tgfbr2 mice developed small intestinal adenocarcinomas and CRCs with histopathological features highly similar to CRCs in Lynch syndrome patients. The CRCs in VCMsh2/Tgfbr2 mice were associated with the presence of colitis and displayed genetic and histological features that resembled inflammation-associated CRCs in human patients. The development of CRCs in VCMsh2/Tgfbr2 mice was strongly modulated by the gut microbiota composition, which in turn was impacted by the TGFBR2 status of the tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a synergistic interaction between MMR and TGFBR2 inactivation in inflammation-associated colon tumorigenesis and highlight the crucial impact of the gut microbiota on modulating the incidence of inflammation-associated CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tosti
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Elena Tosti, PhD, Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461. fax: 718-430-8574
| | - Ana S. Almeida
- APC Microbiome Ireland and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Tam T.T. Tran
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mariel Barbachan e Silva
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Pilib Ó. Broin
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert Dubin
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Amanda P. Beck
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Andrew S. Mclellan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Eduardo Vilar
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Aaron Golden
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Paul W. O’Toole
- APC Microbiome Ireland and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Winfried Edelmann
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York,Winfried Edelmann, PhD, Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461. fax: 718-430-8574.
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20
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Wang X, Yu C, Liu X, Yang J, Feng Y, Wu Y, Xu Y, Zhu Y, Li W. Fenofibrate Ameliorated Systemic and Retinal Inflammation and Modulated Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:839592. [PMID: 35719341 PMCID: PMC9201033 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.839592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenofibrate, as a lipid-lowering drug, has been reported to have a protective effect on the retina independent with plasma lipid levels. This study aimed to investigate that the ameliorative effects of fenofibrate on systemic and retinal inflammation, as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated into four groups: standard diet (SD) group; HFD group; SD plus fenofibrate (SD_ Fe) group; HFD plus fenofibrate (HFD_ Fe) group. After successfully establishing models (5 months), indicators associated with lipid, gut barrier, inflammation and gut microbiota were investigated. Our results showed that supplementing the HFD with fenofibrate decreased body weight gain, alleviated dyslipidemia and reversed the downregulation of short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) in serum, retina and feces. Fenofibrate ameliorated intestinal barrier function damage in HFD-induced mice. Fenofibrate coadministration inhibited the levels of inflammatory factor and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the serum and attenuated inflammatory response in the retina of HFD-induced mice. Systemic LPS was positively correlated with a series of inflammatory factors in serum and retina, respectively. Fenofibrate supplementation down-regulated the abundances of LPS-associated bacteria in HFD mice, including Firmicutes and Proteobacteria at the phylum level, Desulfovibrionaceae at the family level, as well as unclassified_ Desulfovibrionaceae, Acetatifactor, Flavonifractor, Oscillibacter and Anaerotruncus at the genus level. However, fenofibrate treatment up-regulated the abundances of SCFA-associated bacteria in HFD mice, including Bacteroidetes at the phylum level, Porphyromonadaceae at the family level, as well as unclassified_Porphyromonadaceae, Barnesiella, Alloprevotella and Bifidobacterium at the genus level. In conclusion, our results confirmed fenofibrate could attenuate HFD-induced systemic and retinal inflammation, accompanying with restoration of intestinal barrier damage and modulation of gut microbiota/metabolites. This work provided an explanation for the ameliorative effects of fenofibrate on HFD-induced systemic and retinal inflammation might be partially related with the modulation of gut microbiota and its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Chaofeng Yu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiasong Yang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yajun Wu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yali Xu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihua Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wensheng Li, ; Yihua Zhu,
| | - Wensheng Li
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wensheng Li, ; Yihua Zhu,
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21
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Yan S, Chen J, Zhu L, Guo T, Qin D, Hu Z, Han S, Wang J, Matias FB, Wen L, Luo F, Lin Q. Oryzanol alleviates high fat and cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemia associated with the modulation of the gut microbiota in hamsters. Food Funct 2022; 13:4486-4501. [PMID: 35348138 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03464b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A high fat and cholesterol diet (HFCD) can modulate the gut microbiota, which is closely related with hypercholesterolemia. This study aimed to explore the anti-hypercholesterolemia effect of oryzanol, and investigate whether the function of oryzanol is associated with the gut microbiota and related metabolites. 16S rRNA and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry were applied for the gut microbiota and untargeted metabolomics, respectively. The results showed that HFCD significantly upregulated body fat accumulation and serum lipids, including triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and ratio of LDL-c/HDL-c, which induced hypercholesterolemia. Oryzanol supplementation decreased body fat accumulation and serum lipids, especially the LDL-c concentration and LDL-c/HDL-c ratio. In addition, the abundances of Desulfovibrio, Colidextribacter, norank_f__Oscillospiraceae, unclassified_f__Erysipelotrichaceae, unclassified_f__Oscillospiraceae, norank_f__Peptococcaceae, Oscillibacter, Bilophila and Harryflintia were increased and the abundance of norank_f__Muribaculaceae was decreased in HFCD-induced hyperlipidemia hamsters. Metabolites were changed after HFCD treatment and 9 differential metabolites belonged to bile acids and 8 differential metabolites belonged to amino acids. Those genera and metabolites were significantly associated with serum lipids. HFCD also disrupted the intestinal barrier. Oryzanol supplementation reversed the changes of the gut microbiota and metabolites, and intestinal barrier injury was also partly relieved. This suggests that oryzanol supplementation modulating the gut microbiota contributes to its anti-hyperlipidemia function, especially anti-hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Jihong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Lingfeng Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Tianyi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Dandan Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Zuomin Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Shuai Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Ji Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Froilan Bernard Matias
- Department of Animal Management, College of Veterinary Science and Medicine, Central Luzon State University, 3120 Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Lixin Wen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, 410128, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
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22
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Wang Y, Shi Y, Li W, Wang S, Zheng J, Xu G, Li G, Shen X, Yang J. Gut microbiota imbalance mediates intestinal barrier damage in high-altitude exposed mice. FEBS J 2022; 289:4850-4868. [PMID: 35188712 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The environmental conditions in high-altitude areas can induce gastrointestinal disorders and changes in gut microbiota. The gut microbiota is closely related to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, although the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are not well-identified. The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of high altitude on intestinal dysfunction via gut microbiota disturbance. Forty C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: one plain control group (CON) and three high-altitude exposure groups (HAE) (altitude: 4000 m a.s.l.; oxygen content: 12.7%; 1-, 2- and 4-week exposure). Another set of 40 mice was divided into two CON and two HAE subgroups. Antibiotic cocktails were administered to one CON and HAE groups and autoclaved water was administered to the second CON and HAE groups for 4 weeks, respectively. In the fecal microbiota transplantation experiment, there were four transplantation groups, which received, respectively: phosphate-buffered saline for 2 weeks, feces from CON for 2 weeks, feces from HAE-4W for 2 weeks, and HAE-4W for 4 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid-Schiff staining, a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction were applied to detect changes in intestinal cellular structure, morphology, apoptosis and intestinal inflammatory response. Fecal microbiota was analyzed using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. A high-altitude environment changed the ecological balance of gut microbiota in mice and caused damage to the intestinal structure and mucosal barrier. Interestingly, similar damage, which was inhibited by antibiotic cocktails at high altitude, was observed in mice transplanted with fecal microbiota from HAE. A high-altitude environment contributes to dyshomeostasis of gut microbiota, thereby impairing the intestinal mucosal barrier, eventually inducing and exacerbating intestinal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases & Digestive Diseases of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases & Digestive Diseases of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiyang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases & Digestive Diseases of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guanghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases & Digestive Diseases of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases & Digestive Diseases of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuefeng Shen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases & Digestive Diseases of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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23
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He Q, Zhang Y, Ma D, Zhang W, Zhang H. Lactobacillus casei Zhang exerts anti-obesity effect to obese glut1 and gut-specific-glut1 knockout mice via gut microbiota modulation mediated different metagenomic pathways. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2003-2014. [PMID: 34984487 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a major risk factor for various metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) impairment has been proposed as a mechanism of fat accumulation and glucose tolerance. Our aims were to determine the role of intestinal epithelial glut1 activity in obesity and the mechanism of anti-obesity effect of Lactobacillus casei Zhang (LCZ) intervention in the absence of gut villi-specific glut1 expression. METHODS This study compared the body weight, intestinal microbiota perturbations, fat mass accumulation, and glucose tolerance (by oral glucose tolerance test) between high-fat diet fed villi-specific glut1 knockout (KO) mice and control mice (glut1 flox/flox) with/without LCZ intervention. The intestinal microbiota was evaluated by metagenomic sequencing. RESULTS Our results showed that villi-specific glut1 KO mice had more fat deposition at the premetaphase stage, impaired glucose tolerance, and obvious alterations in gut microbiota compared to control mice. Probiotic administration significantly lowered the body weight, the weights of mesenteric and perirenal white adipose tissues (WAT), and mediated gut microbiota modulation in both types of KO and control mice. The species Barnesiella intestinihominis and Faecalibaculum rodentium might contribute to fasting fat mass accumulation associated with gut-specific glut1 inactivation, while the probiotic-mediated anti-obesity effect was linked to members of the Bacteroides genera, Odoribacter genera and Alistipes finegoldii. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that abrogating gut epithelial GLUT1 activity affected the gut microbiota, fat mass accumulation, and glucose tolerance; and LCZ administration reduced fat mass accumulation and central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuwen He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
| | - Da Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Weiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China. .,Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
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24
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Wu Y, You Q, Fei J, Wu J. Changes in the gut microbiota: a possible factor influencing peripheral blood immune indexes in non-obese diabetic mice. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:1669-1682. [PMID: 34370135 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal flora changes were found in patients and animals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, few studies have provided any explicit clues of changes in highly disease related commensal microbiota before disease onset and their relationships with disordered peripheral immune cells. We conducted 16S rRNA microbiota analysis of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice from weaning to diabetes onset to identify highly disease related microbes and performed Spearman correlation analysis between anomalous flora and peripheral immune cells. We found NOD mice had increased exclusive bacteria and decreased community richness or diversity, besides, with the features of decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes and increased abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria or Deferribacteres and remarkable fluctuations of genus relative abundance. Furthermore, kinds of highly T1D related genus and their strong correlations with peripheral immune cells, especially neutrophils, were discovered. Microbial changes in NOD mice differed from that of ICR mice and highly disease associated microbes have strong correlations with the peripheral neutrophil ratio, which provide evidence that neutrophils are possibly involved in the pathogenesis of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639 Long Mian Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi You
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639 Long Mian Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingjin Fei
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639 Long Mian Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639 Long Mian Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu Province, China.
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25
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Yusufu I, Ding K, Smith K, Wankhade UD, Sahay B, Patterson GT, Pacholczyk R, Adusumilli S, Hamrick MW, Hill WD, Isales CM, Fulzele S. A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095005. [PMID: 34066870 PMCID: PMC8125914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microflora is a vital component of the gastrointestinal (GI) system that regulates local and systemic immunity, inflammatory response, the digestive system, and overall health. Older people commonly suffer from inadequate nutrition or poor diets, which could potentially alter the gut microbiota. The essential amino acid (AA) tryptophan (TRP) is a vital diet component that plays a critical role in physiological stress responses, neuropsychiatric health, oxidative systems, inflammatory responses, and GI health. The present study investigates the relationship between varied TRP diets, the gut microbiome, and inflammatory responses in an aged mouse model. We fed aged mice either a TRP-deficient (0.1%), TRP-recommended (0.2%), or high-TRP (1.25%) diet for eight weeks and observed changes in the gut bacterial environment and the inflammatory responses via cytokine analysis (IL-1a, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-27). The mice on the TRP-deficient diets showed changes in their bacterial abundance of Coriobacteriia class, Acetatifactor genus, Lachnospiraceae family, Enterococcus faecalis species, Clostridium sp genus, and Oscillibacter genus. Further, these mice showed significant increases in IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-1a and decreased IL-27 levels. These data suggest a direct association between dietary TRP content, the gut microbiota microenvironment, and inflammatory responses in aged mice models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Yusufu
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (I.Y.); (K.D.); (G.T.P.)
| | - Kehong Ding
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (I.Y.); (K.D.); (G.T.P.)
| | - Kathryn Smith
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (K.S.); (M.W.H.)
| | - Umesh D. Wankhade
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR 72202, USA;
- Arkansas Children Nutrition Center, Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Bikash Sahay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
| | - G. Taylor Patterson
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (I.Y.); (K.D.); (G.T.P.)
| | - Rafal Pacholczyk
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30902, USA;
| | - Satish Adusumilli
- Department of Pathology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
| | - Mark W. Hamrick
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (K.S.); (M.W.H.)
- Institute of Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - William D. Hill
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, USA;
- Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29403, USA
| | - Carlos M. Isales
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (I.Y.); (K.D.); (G.T.P.)
- Institute of Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence: (C.M.I.); (S.F.)
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (I.Y.); (K.D.); (G.T.P.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (K.S.); (M.W.H.)
- Institute of Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence: (C.M.I.); (S.F.)
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26
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Chen L, Zhai Y, Wang Y, Fearon ER, Núñez G, Inohara N, Cho KR. Altering the Microbiome Inhibits Tumorigenesis in a Mouse Model of Oviductal High-Grade Serous Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3309-3318. [PMID: 33863776 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown bacteria influence the initiation and progression of cancers arising in sites that harbor rich microbial communities, such as the colon. Little is known about the potential for the microbiome to influence tumorigenesis at sites considered sterile, including the upper female genital tract. The recent identification of distinct bacterial signatures associated with ovarian carcinomas suggests microbiota in the gut, vagina, or elsewhere might contribute to ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Here, we tested whether altering the microbiome affects tumorigenesis in a mouse model of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) based on conditional oviduct-specific inactivation of the Brca1, Trp53, Rb1, and Nf1 tumor suppressor genes. Cohorts of control (n = 20) and antibiotic-treated (n = 23) mice were treated with tamoxifen to induce tumor formation and then monitored for 12 months. The antibiotic cocktail was administered for the first 5 months of the monitoring period in the treatment group. Antibiotic-treated mice had significantly fewer and less advanced tumors than control mice at study endpoint. Antibiotics induced changes in the composition of the intestinal and vaginal microbiota, which were durable in the fecal samples. Clustering analysis showed particular groups of microbiota are associated with the development of HGSC in this model. These findings demonstrate the microbiome influences HGSC pathogenesis in an in vivo model that closely recapitulates the human disease. Because the microbiome can modulate efficacy of cancer chemo- and immunotherapy, our genetically engineered mouse model system may prove useful for testing whether altering the microbiota can improve the heretofore poor response of HGSC to immunotherapies. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides strong in vivo evidence for a role of the microbiome in ovarian cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yali Zhai
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yisheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- OBGYN Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Eric R Fearon
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gabriel Núñez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Naohiro Inohara
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Kathleen R Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Gheorghe CE, Ritz NL, Martin JA, Wardill HR, Cryan JF, Clarke G. Investigating causality with fecal microbiota transplantation in rodents: applications, recommendations and pitfalls. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1941711. [PMID: 34328058 PMCID: PMC8331043 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1941711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, studies investigating the role of the gut microbiota in health and diseases have increased enormously - making it essential to deepen and question the research methodology employed. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in rodent studies (either from human or animal donors) allows us to better understand the causal role of the intestinal microbiota across multiple fields. However, this technique lacks standardization and requires careful experimental design in order to obtain optimal results. By comparing several studies in which rodents are the final recipients of FMT, we summarize the common practices employed. In this review, we document the limitations of this method and highlight different parameters to be considered while designing FMT Studies. Standardizing this method is challenging, as it differs according to the research topic, but avoiding common pitfalls is feasible. Several methodological questions remain unanswered to this day and we offer a discussion on issues to be explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E. Gheorghe
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Nathaniel L. Ritz
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jason A. Martin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Hannah R. Wardill
- Precision Medicine, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John F. Cryan
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Abstract
Our research investigated the protective and preventive roles of B. longum R0175 in a rat model of acute liver failure. The results illustrated that this probiotic strain exhibited protective effects in rats with acute liver failure. Thus, B. longum R0175 showed clinical application prospects that required further exploration. Acute liver failure is a severe liver disorder that poses considerable global challenges. Previous studies on Bifidobacterium longum R0175 have mainly focused on its psychotropic functions. The current research focused on the protective efficacy of B. longum R0175 against acute liver failure caused by d-galactosamine (d-GalN) in rats and further tested the hypothesis that B. longum R0175 exerted liver-protective effects by affecting the intestinal microbiota and fecal metabolites and by inhibiting inflammation. We found that oral gavage of B. longum R0175 markedly reduced the severity of liver injury in d-GalN-treated rats, as evidenced by decreased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bile acids (TBAs) (P < 0.05). Moreover, the plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β] and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) and chemokines (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1], chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 1 [CXCL1], chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 5 [CCL5], and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α [MIP-1α]) were also markedly reduced (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with B. longum R0175 partially reversed the gut microbiota dysbiosis in rats with liver injury by increasing the relative abundances of potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Alloprevotella spp., and decreasing the relative abundances of potentially harmful bacteria, such as Acetatifactor muris, Butyricimonas spp., and Oscillibacter spp. Furthermore, B. longum R0175 administration partially improved the metabolic function of the intestinal microbes, as indicated by the decreased level of lithocholic acid found in the feces. IMPORTANCE Our research investigated the protective and preventive roles of B. longum R0175 in a rat model of acute liver failure. The results illustrated that this probiotic strain exhibited protective effects in rats with acute liver failure. Thus, B. longum R0175 showed clinical application prospects that required further exploration.
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