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Masetti A, Morelli A, Fagioli L, Pradolesi G, Nicoli R, Scagliarini O, Tommasini MG, Preti M. Evaluation of an Attract-and-Kill Strategy Using Long-Lasting Insecticide Nets for the Management of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Northern Italy. INSECTS 2024; 15:577. [PMID: 39194782 DOI: 10.3390/insects15080577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is causing extensive economic losses in tree fruit crops. Including attract-and-kill (AK) strategies targeting BMSBs in an integrated pest management framework could reduce the amounts of insecticides sprayed and benefit growers, consumers and the environment. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an area-wide AK strategy across an intensive fruticulture region of Northern Italy, comparing four paired pear sites with and without two AK stations ha-1. These stations consisted of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets containing alpha-cypermethrin, baited with the BMSB aggregation pheromone and synergist. BMSB abundance was estimated using black-standing monitoring traps, and fruit damage upon harvest was recorded across all sites. The AK stations did not decrease the BMSB abundance nor the fruit damage, while after harvest significantly lower BMSB captures were detected in the AK sites compared to the control sites. Whilst the lures' efficacy was corroborated by this research, the killing method requires improvement and refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Masetti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Agata Morelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Fagioli
- Consorzio Agrario di Ravenna Test Facility, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | | | | | - Olmo Scagliarini
- Centro Agricoltura e Ambiente "Giorgio Nicoli", 40014 Crevalcore, Italy
| | | | - Michele Preti
- ASTRA Innovazione e Sviluppo Test Facility, 48018 Faenza, Italy
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Rhodes EM, Babu A, Sial AA, Liburd OE. Potential Alternatives to Spinosad as the Killing Agent Mixed With Two Attractant Products in Attract-and-Kill Formulations Used to Manage the Spotted-Wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:202-208. [PMID: 36617300 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is a key pest of many berry and fruit crops worldwide. The primary method of controlling this pest is the application of insecticides. Attract-and-kill is a management tactic that may reduce the number of insecticide applications needed to manage D. suzukii. ACTTRA SWD OR1 and ACTTRA SWD TD, developed by ISCA Technologies Inc., combine D. suzukii attractants with a gel matrix. Growers add an insecticide as a killing agent. The only USDA National Organic Program approved organic insecticide that has been shown to be effective as a killing agent is spinosad. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of other USDA National Organic Program approved organic insecticides, including Grandevo 30 WDG (Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 30%), MBI-203 SC2 (C. subtsugae strain PRAA4-1 98%), Venerate XC (Burkholderia spp. Strain A396 94.45%), MBI-306 SC1 (B. rinojensis Strain A396 94.45%), Azera (azadirachtin 1.2% + pyrethrins 1.4%), and PyGanic (pyrethrins 1.4%), when used as the killing agent with the two ACTTRA SWD products. Lab and cage bioassays were conducted. Entrust (spinosad 22.5%) and PyGanic were the only compounds that showed some efficacy when used with ACTTRA SWD OR1 and ACTTRA SWD TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena M Rhodes
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 970, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Arun Babu
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ashfaq A Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Oscar E Liburd
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 970, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Masier S, Taudière A, Roy LJM, Carrasco D, Barnagaud JY, Planchon C, Soulié AS, Sleeckx N, Roy L. High-throughput behavioral phenotyping of tiny arthropods: Chemosensory traits in a mesostigmatic hematophagous mite. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 339:46-62. [PMID: 36052497 PMCID: PMC10087610 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pest management using attractive and/or repellent semiochemicals is a key alternative to synthetic insecticides. Its implementation requires a good understanding of the intra- and interspecific chemical interactions of arthropod pests, their interactions with their abiotic environment, as well as their evolutionary dynamics. Although mites include many pest species and biocontrol agents of economic importance in agriculture, their chemical ecology is largely understudied compared to insects. We developed a high-throughput ethomics system to analyze these small arthropods and conducted a study on Dermanyssus gallinae, a problematic poultry parasite in the egg industry. Our purpose was to elucidate the role played by host-derived odorants (synthetic kairomone) and conspecific odorants (mite body odors) in D. gallinae. After validating our nanocomputer controlled olfactometric system with volatile semiochemicals of known biological activity, we characterized response traits to kairomonal and/or pheromonal volatile blends in mites from different populations. We were able to accurately characterize the repulsion or attraction behaviors in >1000 individual specimens in a standardized way. Our results confirm the presence of a volatile aggregation pheromone emitted by D. gallinae and bring new elements to the effect of odor source presentation. Our results also confirm the attractive effect on Dermanyssus gallinae of a blend of volatile compounds contained in hen odor, while highlighting a repellent effect at high concentration. Significant interindividual and interpopulation variation was noted particularly in responses to synthetic kairomone. This information lays a valuable foundation for further exploring the emergence risk of resistance to semiochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Masier
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Adrien Taudière
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | | | - David Carrasco
- MiVEGEC, University of Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Yves Barnagaud
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Planchon
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Soulié
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Lise Roy
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
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Chow A, Sétamou M. Compatibility of a Beta-cyfluthrin-Based 'Attract-and-Kill' Device with Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) for Suppression of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) on Residential Citrus. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:201-211. [PMID: 34865020 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is a serious threat to the U.S. citrus industry because it spreads huanglongbing (HLB), a bacterial and incurable citrus disease. The nymphal parasitoid, Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), has been extensively released for biological control of D. citri in South Texas since 2010 but provides insufficient control. An 'attract-and-kill' (AK) device was evaluated for its compatibility with T. radiata for suppression of D. citri on dooryard citrus. The AK device is visually attractive to D. citri adults because it is the same color as young citrus flush and kills individuals on contact with the toxicant beta-cyfluthrin. This study evaluated 1) lethality of AK devices to T. radiata adults under lab conditions; 2) efficacy of AK devices for year-round psyllid suppression on individual dooryard lemon trees; 3) discovery and parasitism of D. citri colonies by T. radiata on lemon trees with or without AK devices. Contact with AK devices for 5 s or more was lethal to adult parasitoids. Deployment of 20 AK devices per tree provided significant year-round suppression of D. citri on infested lemon trees and reduced mean attack intensity (cumulative psyllid-days) of adults by 66% and nymphs by 82%. Discovery and parasitism rates of D. citri colonies by T. radiata were similar on control trees and trees protected by AK devices. An AK device that targets adult psyllids could be used to effectively complement biological control of D. citri by T. radiata in residential landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chow
- Citrus Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Mamoudou Sétamou
- Citrus Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Weslaco, TX, USA
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Attraction of Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs, Halyomorpha halys, to Blooming Sunflower Semiochemicals. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:614-627. [PMID: 34224074 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The polyphagous invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, reportedly discriminates among phenological stages of host plants. To determine whether olfaction is involved in host plant stage discrimination, we selected (dwarf) sunflower, Helianthus annuus, as a model host plant species. When adult females of a still-air laboratory experiment were offered a choice of four potted sunflowers at distinct phenological stages (vegetative, pre-bloom, bloom, seeding), most females settled onto blooming plants but oviposited evenly on plants of all four stages. In moving-air two-choice olfactometer experiments, we then tested each plant stage versus filtered air and versus one another, for attraction of H. halys females. Blooming sunflowers performed best overall, but no one plant stage was most attractive in all experiments. Capturing and analyzing (by GC-MS) the headspace odorants of each plant stage revealed a marked increase of odorant abundance (e.g., monoterpenes) as plants transitioned from pre-bloom to bloom. Analyzing the headspace odorant blend of blooming sunflower by gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) revealed 13 odorants that consistently elicited responses from female H. halys antennae. An 11-component synthetic blend of these odorants attracted H. halys females in laboratory olfactometer experiments. Furthermore, in field settings, the synthetic blend enhanced the attractiveness of synthetic H. halys pheromone as a trap lure, particularly in spring (April to mid-June). A simpler yet fully effective sunflower semiochemical blend could be developed and coupled with synthetic H. halys aggregation pheromones to improve monitoring efforts or could improve the efficacy of modified attract-and-kill control tactics for H. halys.
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Wilkins RV, Campbell JF, Zhu KY, Starkus LA, McKay T, Morrison WR. Long-Lasting Insecticide-Incorporated Netting and Interception Traps at Pilot-Scale Warehouses and Commercial Facilities Prevents Infestation by Stored Product Beetles. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.561820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
At any point along the post-harvest supply chain, commodities are vulnerable to insect infestation. This is due to a variety of factors, but includes landscape-scale movement of stored product insects to and from food facilities and natural refugia. Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) is an innovative tactic that may be used to intercept immigrating insects. LLIN can be used to cover gaps in architecture (e.g., vents, windows, eaves, or over pallets of goods) at food facilities. Another novel approach would be to use LLIN as a kill mechanism in attract-and-kill inspired interception traps on the perimeter of facilities. Furthermore, employing these two LLIN-based approaches together would create multiple protective barriers to reduce infestation in commodities. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to (1) examine the ability of interception traps to capture stored product insects at commercial wheat and rice food facilities, (2) assess whether LLIN deployment method affected efficacy in preventing infestation by stored product insects in pilot-scale warehouses, and (3) determine the success of using LLIN alone, interception traps alone, or both together to prevent infestations. Over 2 years, interception traps deployed for 48-h periods on the perimeter of commercial food facilities captured over 3,000 insects, representing 14 stored product insect taxa. Warehouses deploying LLIN exhibited an 89–93% and 98–100% reduction in insects reaching and progeny production in commodities, even after the release of 3,600 insects of three species over 12 weeks. The combined use of LLIN and interception traps did not improve control above LLIN alone, but this may be because insects could fly unencumbered, highlighting the importance of covering gaps with LLIN on food facilities.
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Usman M, Gulzar S, Wakil W, Wu S, Piñero JC, Leskey TC, Nixon LJ, Oliveira-Hofman C, Toews MD, Shapiro-Ilan D. Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi to Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Interactions With Entomopathogenic Nematodes. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:2627-2633. [PMID: 32978627 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to quantify the virulence of four entomopathogenic fungal species to pupae of Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and to determine the potential to combine entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) and entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) for biological control of this pest. The four species of EPFs included Beauveria bassiana (strain GHA), Metarhizium brunneum (strain F52), Isaria javanica (wf GA17), and Isaria fumosorosea (Apopka 97 strain). In laboratory assays, all fungi reduced adult emergence but there were no differences between fungal species. Isaria javanica and M. brunneum were examined further in a EPFs and EPNs bioassay that also included the EPNs Steinernema carpocapsae (ALL strain) and S. riobrave (355 strain). All nematodes and fungi were applied either alone or in combination (fungus + nematode). There were no differences between species within the same entomopathogen group (fungi and nematodes). However, the treatment with S. riobrave resulted in lower R. pomonella emergence than either fungal species. The combination of S. riobrave and I. javanica resulted in the lowest R. pomonella emergence (3%) at fourth-week interval, which was significantly lower than any of the single-agent applications, yet virulence of the other three combination treatments was not different from their respective nematode treatments applied alone. Additive interactions were detected for all fungus-nematode combinations. This study suggests that application of entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi could be an effective option to suppress R. pomonella populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Gulzar
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shaohui Wu
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA
| | - Jaime C Piñero
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael D Toews
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA
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Usman M, Gulzar S, Wakil W, Piñero JC, Leskey TC, Nixon LJ, Oliveira-Hofman C, Wu S, Shapiro-Ilan D. Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the pupal stage of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae). J Nematol 2020; 52:1-9. [PMID: 32722904 PMCID: PMC8015293 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2020-079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered a key pest of apples and is native to the eastern United States. The virulence of seven different species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) was assessed against pupae of R. pomonella under laboratory conditions. Nematode species and strains included Steinernema carpocapsae (ALL strain), Steinernema feltiae (SN strain), Steinernema riobrave (355 strain), Steinernema glaseri (VS strain), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (VS strain), Heterorhabditis indica (HOM1 strain), and Heterorhabditis megidis (UK211 strain). We conducted three bioassays: (i) short-term exposure cup bioassay (7 d), (ii) long-term cup bioassay (30 d), and (iii) pot bioassay (30 d). In the short-term exposure bioassay, all nematode strains (applied at 54 infective juvenile nematodes (IJs) cm-2) significantly reduced (range: 42.9-73.8%) insect survival relative to the control, but no differences were observed among the treatments. For the long-term exposure bioassay, using the same EPN application rate as the short exposure assay, all treatments reduced adult R. pomonella emergence compared with the control. Steinernema riobrave was the most virulent (28.3% survival), and S. glaseri and H. megidis were the least virulent (53.3% survival). In the pot experiment, S. riobrave and S. carpocapsae (applied at 27 IJs cm-2) had the highest virulence (23.3 and 31.7% survival of R. pomonella, respectively), while H. bacteriophora was the least effective (68.33% survival). Our results indicate that S. riobrave, S. carpocapsae, and S. feltiae have substantial potential to attack R. pomonella pupae, and their field application under the tree canopy (prior to adult emergence) in the spring when temperatures are conducive might be a good option for successful IPM of apple maggot fly. The apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered a key pest of apples and is native to the eastern United States. The virulence of seven different species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) was assessed against pupae of R. pomonella under laboratory conditions. Nematode species and strains included Steinernema carpocapsae (ALL strain), Steinernema feltiae (SN strain), Steinernema riobrave (355 strain), Steinernema glaseri (VS strain), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (VS strain), Heterorhabditis indica (HOM1 strain), and Heterorhabditis megidis (UK211 strain). We conducted three bioassays: (i) short-term exposure cup bioassay (7 d), (ii) long-term cup bioassay (30 d), and (iii) pot bioassay (30 d). In the short-term exposure bioassay, all nematode strains (applied at 54 infective juvenile nematodes (IJs) cm−2) significantly reduced (range: 42.9-73.8%) insect survival relative to the control, but no differences were observed among the treatments. For the long-term exposure bioassay, using the same EPN application rate as the short exposure assay, all treatments reduced adult R. pomonella emergence compared with the control. Steinernema riobrave was the most virulent (28.3% survival), and S. glaseri and H. megidis were the least virulent (53.3% survival). In the pot experiment, S. riobrave and S. carpocapsae (applied at 27 IJs cm−2) had the highest virulence (23.3 and 31.7% survival of R. pomonella, respectively), while H. bacteriophora was the least effective (68.33% survival). Our results indicate that S. riobrave, S. carpocapsae, and S. feltiae have substantial potential to attack R. pomonella pupae, and their field application under the tree canopy (prior to adult emergence) in the spring when temperatures are conducive might be a good option for successful IPM of apple maggot fly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Gulzar
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Jaime C. Piñero
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA
| | | | | | | | - Shaohui Wu
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA
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Chow A, Czokajlo D, Patt JM, Sétamou M. Development and Field Validation of a Beta-cyfluthrin-Based 'Attract-and-Kill' Device for Suppression of Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) on Residential Citrus. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:2824-2832. [PMID: 31501898 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An 'attract-and-kill' (AK) device was evaluated for suppression of adult Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), on residential citrus. The AK device, made from weather-resistant plasticized PVC, lured D. citri adults by simulating the color of citrus flush and killed them with beta-cyfluthrin. This study evaluated: 1) lethality of AK devices weathered up to 8 wk on residential citrus; 2) survival of psyllids caged with potted plants and AK devices; 3) psyllid suppression achieved by AK devices on individual dooryard trees. AK devices weathered for up to 8 wk remained lethal to psyllids. Greenhouse trials evaluated survival of adult psyllids caged for 4 d with orange jasmine plants that were: 1) treated with an (beta-cyfluthrin-infused) AK device; 2) treated with a blank (no insecticide) AK device; or 3) 'untreated' with no AK device. After 4 d, psyllid survival was on average 95% lower among adults exposed to plants with AK devices than adults exposed to untreated plants or plants with blank AK devices. Less than half of the adults exposed to plants with AK devices were alive after 1 d and nearly all were dead after 4 d. Deployment of 20 AK devices per tree provided significant psyllid suppression on infested lemon trees from winter to summer and reduced mean reproduction (cumulative eggs) by 91% and mean attack intensity (cumulative psyllid-days) of adults by 59% and nymphs by 53%. AK devices could be an effective control option for D. citri in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chow
- Citrus Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Weslaco, TX
| | | | - Joseph M Patt
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL
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Morrison WR, Blaauw BR, Short BD, Nielsen AL, Bergh JC, Krawczyk G, Park YL, Butler B, Khrimian A, Leskey TC. Successful management of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in commercial apple orchards with an attract-and-kill strategy. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:104-114. [PMID: 30062751 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Introduction of Halyomorpha halys (Stål) in the USA has disrupted many established integrated pest management programs for specialty crops, especially apple. While current management heavily relies on insecticides, one potential alternative tactic is attract-and-kill (AK), whereby large numbers of H. halys are attracted to and retained in a circumscribed area using attractive semiochemicals and removed from the foraging population with an insecticide. The goal of this study was to evaluate if AK implementation in commercial apple orchards can result in levels of H. halys damage that are equal to or less than those from grower standard management programs. RESULTS Over 2 years at farms in five Mid-Atlantic USA states, we found that the use of AK resulted in 2-7 times less damage compared with grower standard plots, depending on year and period. At selected trees on which AK was implemented, over 10,000 H. halys individuals were killed in two growing seasons, and the use of AK reduced the crop area treated with insecticide against H. halys by 97%. Using AK had no impact on the natural enemy or secondary pest community over the same period. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the use of AK was effective at managing low to moderate H. halys populations in apple orchards, but must be optimized to increase economic feasibility for grower adoption. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Morrison
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Animal Health and Grain Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Brett R Blaauw
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Brent D Short
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Anne L Nielsen
- Department of Entomology, Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Rutgers University, Bridgeton, NJ, USA
| | - James C Bergh
- Virginia Tech, Alson H. Smith, Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Winchester, VA, USA
| | - Greg Krawczyk
- Department of Entomology, Fruit Research and Extension Center, Pennsylvania State University, Biglerville, PA, USA
| | - Yong-Lak Park
- Division of Plant & Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Bryan Butler
- Carroll County Cooperative Extension, University of Maryland, Westminster, MD, USA
| | - Ashot Khrimian
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Tracy C Leskey
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, WV, USA
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11
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Njuguna PK, Murungi LK, Fombong A, Teal PEA, Beck JJ, Torto B. Cucumber and Tomato Volatiles: Influence on Attraction in the Melon Fly Zeugodacus cucurbitate (Diptera: Tephritidae). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8504-8513. [PMID: 30041516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The main hosts of the melon fly Zeugodacus cucurbitate are cultivated and wild cucurbitaceous plants. In eastern Africa, the melon fly is a major pest of the Solanaceae plant Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). We hypothesized that shared species-specific volatiles may play a role in host attraction. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the olfactory responses of the melon fly to Cucumis sativus (cucumber) (Cucurbitaceae) and tomato plant odors in behavioral and electrophysiological assays, followed by chemical analysis to identify the key compounds mediating the interactions. Our results identified 13 shared components between cucumber and tomato plant odors. A synthetic blend of seven of the shared components dominated by monoterpenes at concentrations mimicking the volatile bouquet of cucumber and tomato attracted both sexes of the melon fly. Our results suggest that the presence and quantity of specific compounds in host odors are the main predictors for host recognition in Z. cucurbitate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Njuguna
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi 00100 , Kenya
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology , P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi 00200 , Kenya
| | - Lucy K Murungi
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology , P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi 00200 , Kenya
| | - Ayuka Fombong
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi 00100 , Kenya
| | - Peter E A Teal
- Chemistry Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service , U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1700 SW 23rd Drive , Gainesville , Florida 32608 , United States
| | - John J Beck
- Chemistry Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service , U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1700 SW 23rd Drive , Gainesville , Florida 32608 , United States
| | - Baldwyn Torto
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi 00100 , Kenya
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Tadeo E, Muñiz E, Rull J, Yee WL, Aluja M, Lasa R. Development of a Low-Cost and Effective Trapping Device for Apple Maggot Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Monitoring and Control in Mexican Commercial Hawthorn Groves. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:1658-1667. [PMID: 28854648 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Few efforts have been made in Mexico to monitor Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in commercial hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) crops. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to evaluate infestation levels of R. pomonella in feral and commercial Mexican hawthorn and to assess the efficacy of different trap-lure combinations to monitor the pest. Wild hawthorn was more infested than commercially grown hawthorn at the sample site. No differences among four commercial baits (Biolure, ammonium carbonate, CeraTrap, and Captor + borax) were detected when used in combination with a yellow sticky gel (SG) adherent trap under field conditions. However, liquid lures elicited a slightly higher, although not statistically different, capture. Cage experiments in the laboratory revealed that flies tended to land more often on the upper and middle than lower-bottom part of polyethylene (PET) bottle traps with color circles. Among red, orange, green, and yellow circles attached to a bottle trap, only yellow circles improved fly captures compared with a colorless trap. A PET bottle trap with a red circle over a yellow background captured more flies than a similar trap with yellow circles. An SG adherent yellow panel trap baited with ammonium carbonate was superior to the improved PET bottle trap (red over a yellow background) baited with different liquid proteins, but a higher proportion of females and no differences in fly detection were measured in PET traps baited with protein lures. These trials open the door for future research into development of a conventional nonadherent trap to monitor or control R. pomonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tadeo
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, México
| | - E Muñiz
- INIFAP, Programa Sanidad Forestal y Agrícola, Campo Experimental Valle de México, Km.13.5 Carretera los Reyes-Texcoco, Coatlinchan, Texcoco 56250, México
| | - J Rull
- PROIMI Biotecnología-CONICET, LIEMEN-División Control Biológico de Plagas, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, T4001MVB San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - W L Yee
- Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory (USDA-ARS), 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd., Wapato, WA 98951
| | - M Aluja
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, México
| | - R Lasa
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, México
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Rice KB, Short BD, Leskey TC. Development of an Attract-and-Kill Strategy for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Evaluation of Attracticidal Spheres Under Laboratory and Field Conditions. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:535-542. [PMID: 28334362 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive, polyphagous fruit fly that attacks soft-skinned fruits. Originally from Asia, D. suzukii has successfully invaded the United States and the European and South American countries. At present, calendar-based insecticide applications are used to combat D. suzukii. Here, we evaluate a behaviorally based attract-and-kill management technique using attracticidal spheres to reduce D. suzukii infestations in raspberries. In laboratory bioassays aimed at identifying effective toxicants, attracticidal spheres containing dinotefuran at 1.0% a.i. killed 100% of D. suzukii within 5 min. Spinetoram, spinosad, permethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin (CS) and lambda-cyhalothrin (WG), all at 1.0% a.i., killed 100% of D. suzukii within 24 h. In field trials, statistically equivalent infestation rates were recorded in raspberry plots protected by attracticidal spheres containing 1.0% a.i. spinetoram compared with standard weekly insecticide applications. In field trials using 1.0% a.i. dinotefuran, attracticidal spheres decreased D. suzukii infestations compared with control plots, but insecticide applications were more effective at reducing D. suzukii infestations, although differences in harvesting practices likely affected fly population densities and infestation rates in both years. Attracticidal spheres effectively attract and kill D. suzukii and reduce infestations rates under field conditions, indicating that this behavioral strategy holds promise in D. suzukii management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Rice
- USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430 2771 (; ; )
| | - Brent D Short
- USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430 2771 (; ; )
| | - Tracy C Leskey
- USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430 2771 (; ; )
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Rice KB, Short BD, Jones SK, Leskey TC. Behavioral Responses of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to Visual Stimuli Under Laboratory, Semifield, and Field Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:1480-1488. [PMID: 28028095 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive pest in North America and Europe that attacks soft-skinned ripening fruit such as raspberries, blackberries, and blueberries. Little is known regarding the specific cues D. suzukii utilizes to locate and select host fruit, and inconsistencies in trap performance indicate the need for the development of improved monitoring and management techniques for this insect. Our studies focused on identifying attractive visual cues for adult D. suzukii and incorporating these cues into a potential attract-and-kill tactic for D. suzukii management. We evaluated D. suzukii response to color, shape, and size-specific stimuli. For color, we evaluated 10.2-cm-diameter spheres painted black, red, purple, orange, green, yellow, blue, or white. Shape stimuli (254 cm3 surface area) included sphere, cube, pyramid, inverted pyramid, vertical or horizontal cylinder and were painted red. Size stimuli included red 2.5-, 10.2-, 15.2-, and 25.4-cm-diameter spheres. Trials were conducted under laboratory, semifield, and field conditions. For color, adults preferred black and red spheres to all other colors evaluated. Among shapes, there was no significant preference. For size, larger spheres captured significantly more D. suzukii compared with a small 2.5-cm-diameter sphere. Determining D. suzukii visual preference will aid in trapping and behaviorally based management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Rice
- USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430-2771 (; ; ; )
| | - Brent D Short
- USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430-2771 (; ; ; )
| | - Sharon K Jones
- USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430-2771 (; ; ; )
| | - Tracy C Leskey
- USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430-2771 (; ; ; )
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