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Qin T, Zhong J, Li P, Liang J, Li M, Zhang G. Matrix Metalloproteinase and Aortic Aneurysm: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Ann Vasc Surg 2024; 105:227-235. [PMID: 38609009 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have linked matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to both thoracic aortic aneurysm and abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAA and AAA). The precise MMPs entailed in this procedure, however, were still unknown. This study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to look into the causal relationship between MMPs and the risk of TAA and AAA. METHODS Eight MMPs, including MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12, and MMP-13, were found among people of European ancestry with accessible Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). We employed the findings from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) for 8 MMPs, and TAA and AAA from the FinnGen consortiums (3,201 cases and 317,899 controls, respectively) were used in a two-sample MR analysis. The primary method of analysis for MR was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, along with analyses of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. 31 single-nucleotide polymorphisms connected to MMP were retrieved. RESULTS IVW demonstrated a negative causal association between TAA and AAA and serum MMP-12 levels. The incidence of TAA decreased by 1.031% for every 1 ng/mL increase in serum MMP-12 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.897, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.831-0.968, P = 0.005]. The incidence of AAA fell by 1.653% (OR = 0.835, 95% CI: 0.752-0.926, P = 0.001) for every 1 ng/mL increase in serum MMP-12. There was no horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity in the MR data (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The levels of TAA and AAA and serum MMP-12 are causally related. MMP-12 is a factor that reduces the risk of AAA and TTA. Our study suggested that MMP-12 level is causally associated with a decreased risk of TAA and AAA.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/enzymology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/blood
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/epidemiology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/enzymology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/blood
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/diagnostic imaging
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/epidemiology
- Case-Control Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Incidence
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 12/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 12/blood
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/blood
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- Phenotype
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Protective Factors
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Qin
- Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, China
| | - Jiankai Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, China
| | - Pinglan Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, China
| | - Jianlin Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, China
| | - Meijun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, China
| | - Guangjun Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, China.
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Natarajan PM, Ganesan A, Varma SR, Shetty NY. Delving into Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and its Significance in Periodontal Diseases. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1080-S1083. [PMID: 38882751 PMCID: PMC11174300 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1249_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, particularly periodontitis, by virtue of its collagenolytic activity targeting collagen type I, the primary component of periodontal tissues. This review abstract elucidates the intricate involvement of MMP-1 in periodontal tissue homeostasis and its dysregulation in disease states. Elevated MMP-1 levels, observed in gingival tissues and crevicular fluid of individuals with periodontitis, correlate with the degradation of collagen fibers within the periodontium. This degradation contributes to the detachment of teeth from surrounding tissues and exacerbates alveolar bone resorption, hallmark features of periodontal breakdown. Therapeutically, targeting MMP-1 activity emerges as a promising strategy, prompting ongoing research into MMP inhibitors and host modulation therapies. Understanding MMP-1's nuanced role in periodontal diseases paves the way for personalized treatment approaches and holds promise in reshaping periodontal disease management for improved patient outcomes and periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu M Natarajan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences and Research, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Anuradha Ganesan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudhir R Varma
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences and Research, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Naresh Y Shetty
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences and Research, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
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3
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Bahar ŞÇ, Karakan NC, Vurmaz A. The effects of injectable platelet-rich fibrin application on wound healing following gingivectomy and gingivoplasty operations: single-blind, randomized controlled, prospective clinical study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:85. [PMID: 38196007 PMCID: PMC10776463 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of wound healing using injectable platelet-rich fibrin (IPRF) after gingivectomy and gingivoplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this clinical study, 46 systemically healthy patients with chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement were randomly treated with gingivectomy-gingivoplasty + I-PRF (n=23) or gingivectomy-gingivoplasty alone (n=23). The primary outcome was to evaluate the effect of I-PRF on wound healing over a 3-week follow-up period. Samples collected from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were processed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELİSA) to measure VEGF and FGF-10 biomarkers. The surgical areas were stained with Mira-2 tone and evaluated in ImageJ. Wound healing was evaluated with Modified Manchester Scar (MMS) scale and Landry, Turnbull, and Howley (LTH) index. RESULTS VEGF values of the control group at baseline, week 2, and week 3 were significantly higher than the test group. In weeks 2 and 3, FGF-10 values were found to be significantly higher in the control group than the test group. The amount of staining was found to be significantly higher in the control group than in the test group on days 3, 7, and 14. LTH values of the control group were significantly lower than the test group and MMS values were significantly higher than those of the test group. CONCLUSIONS I-PRF applications revealed positive effects on epithelial wound healing after gingivectomy and gingivoplasty operations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Platelet concentrates such as I-PRF accelerate wound healing and contribute to the patient's comfort and quality of life. I-PRF application may have positive effects on wound healing after gingivectomy and gingivoplasty operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şeyma Çardakcı Bahar
- Department of Periodontology, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Neighborhood of Emrah, Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nebi Cansın Karakan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Vurmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Navarrete C, Riquelme A, Baksai N, Pérez R, González C, Michea M, von Mühlenbrock H, Cafferata EA, Vernal R. Levels of Pro-Inflammatory and Bone-Resorptive Mediators in Periodontally Compromised Patients under Orthodontic Treatment Involving Intermittent Forces of Low Intensities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054807. [PMID: 36902236 PMCID: PMC10002573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During orthodontic treatment, diverse cytokines, enzymes, and osteolytic mediators produced within the teeth surrounding periodontal tissues determine the rate of alveolar bone remodeling and consequent teeth movement. In patients with teeth presenting reduced periodontal support, periodontal stability should be ensured during orthodontic treatment. Thus, therapies based on the application of low-intensity intermittent orthodontic forces are recommended. To determine if this kind of treatment is periodontally well tolerated, this study aimed to analyze the production of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 in periodontal tissues of protruded anterior teeth with reduced periodontal support and undergoing orthodontic treatment. Patients with periodontitis-associated anterior teeth migration received non-surgical periodontal therapy and a specific orthodontic treatment involving controlled low-intensity intermittent orthodontic forces. Samples were collected before periodontitis treatment, after periodontitis treatment, and at 1 week to 24 months of the orthodontic treatment. During the 2 years of orthodontic treatment, no significant differences were detected in the probing depth, clinical attachment level, supragingival bacterial plaque, and bleeding on probing. In line with this, the gingival crevicular levels of RANKL, OPG, IL-6, IL-17A, and MMP-8 did not vary between the different evaluation time-points of the orthodontic treatment. When compared with the levels detected during the periodontitis, the RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly lower at all the analyzed time-points of the orthodontic treatment. In conclusion, the patient-specific orthodontic treatment based on intermittent orthodontic forces of low intensities was well tolerated by periodontally compromised teeth with pathological migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Navarrete
- Orthodontics-Periodontics Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Alejandro Riquelme
- Orthodontics-Periodontics Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Natalia Baksai
- Orthodontics-Periodontics Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Romina Pérez
- Orthodontics-Periodontics Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Claudia González
- Orthodontics-Periodontics Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - María Michea
- Orthodontics-Periodontics Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Hans von Mühlenbrock
- Orthodontics-Periodontics Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Emilio A. Cafferata
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 15067, Peru
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Lin B, Ser HL, Wang L, Li J, Chan KG, Lee LH, Tan LTH. The Emerging Role of MMP12 in the Oral Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054648. [PMID: 36902078 PMCID: PMC10002488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12), or macrophage metalloelastase, plays important roles in extracellular matrix (ECM) component degradation. Recent reports show MMP12 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. To date, this review represents the latest comprehensive overview of MMP12 in various oral diseases, such as periodontitis, temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD), orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Furthermore, the current knowledge regarding the distribution of MMP12 in different tissues is also illustrated in this review. Studies have implicated the association of MMP12 expression with the pathogenesis of several representative oral diseases, including periodontitis, TMD, OSCC, OTM, and bone remodelling. Although there may be a potential role of MMP12 in oral diseases, the exact pathophysiological role of MMP12 remains to be elucidated. Understanding the cellular and molecular biology of MMP12 is essential, as MMP12 could be a potential target for developing therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory and immunologically related oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingpeng Lin
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Hooi Leng Ser
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Lijing Wang
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: (K.-G.C.); (L.-H.L.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Innovative Bioprospection Development Research Group (InBioD), Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Johor Bahru 80100, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (K.-G.C.); (L.-H.L.)
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Innovative Bioprospection Development Research Group (InBioD), Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Johor Bahru 80100, Malaysia
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Salivary peptidome analysis and protease prediction during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Sci Rep 2023; 13:677. [PMID: 36635354 PMCID: PMC9837200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26969-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) occurs through proteolytic remodelling within the periodontium following the application of external force to the tooth. This study describes the first characterization of the salivary peptidome and protease profile during the alignment stage of fixed appliance orthodontic treatment. Unstimulated whole mouth saliva from 16 orthodontic patients (10 males, 6 females, mean (SD) age 15.2 (1.6) years) was collected prior to fixed appliance placement (T1), 1-h (T2), 1-week (T3) following fixed appliance placement and on completion of mandibular arch alignment (T4). Salivary peptides were extracted using filtration followed by mass spectrometry to identify amino acid sequences. Protease prediction was carried out in silico using Proteasix and validated with gelatin zymography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 2852 naturally-occurring peptides were detected, originating from 436 different proteins. Both collagen and statherin-derived peptide levels were increased at T2. Proteasix predicted 73 proteases potentially involved in generating these peptides, including metalloproteinases, calpains and cathepsins. Changes in predicted activity of proteases over time were also observed, with most metalloproteinases showing increased predicted activity at T2-T3. Increased gelatinolytic activity and MMP8/MMP9 levels were detected at T3. Collectively, multiple protein targets and changes in protease-predicted activity during OTM have been identified.
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7
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Matrix Metalloproteinases in Dental and Periodontal Tissues and Their Current Inhibitors: Developmental, Degradational and Pathological Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168929. [PMID: 36012195 PMCID: PMC9409155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This review article aims to describe some of the roles of Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in enamel, dentine, dental caries, hybrid layer degradation, pulp and periodontal tissues, throwing light on their current inhibitors. The article addresses the potential of MMPs to serve as biomarkers with diagnostic and therapeutic value. Design: The sections of this review discuss MMPs’ involvement in developmental, remodeling, degradational and turnover aspects of dental and periodontal tissues as well as their signals in the pathogenesis, progress of different lesions and wound healing of these tissues. The literature was searched for original research articles, review articles and theses. The literature search was conducted in PubMed and MEDLINE for articles published in the last 20 years. Results: 119 published papers, two textbooks and two doctoral theses were selected for preparing the current review. Conclusions: MMPs are significant proteases, of evident contribution in dental and periapical tissue development, health and disease processes, with promising potential for use as diagnostic and prognostic disease biomarkers. Continuing understanding of their role in pathogenesis and progress of different dental, periapical and periodontal lesions, as well as in dentine-pulp wound healing could be a keystone to future diagnostic and therapeutic regimens.
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8
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Hsu LF, Chang BE, Tseng KJ, Liao CC, Tsai SC, Hsiao HY, Lin SC, Liao PW, Chen YJ, Jane Yao CC. Orthodontic force regulates metalloproteinase-3 promoter in osteoblasts and transgenic mouse models. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:331-337. [PMID: 35028055 PMCID: PMC8740386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Previously we demonstrated up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in human osteoblasts under compression and in bony specimens of experimental orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Here, we studied the temporal characteristics of compression stimulation in human and mouse osteoblast cell lines, and generated a transgenic mouse model for assessing the MMP-3 expression during OTM. Materials and methods We investigated MMP-3 expressions in human and murine osteoblasts through RT-PCR and luciferase assay, after compressive force loading. Inhibitors were added to identify the possible mechanisms for signal transduction. A human MMP-3 promoter was isolated, cloned and transfected to generate a transgenic mouse with a green fluorescent protein reporter. OTM was then initiated to observe the location and time course of transcriptional regulation of MMP-3 signals. Results We found changes in the transcription of MMP-3 in response to mechanical force applied to both human and mouse osteoblast cell lines, suggesting that the response is positive across species. Cloned human MMP-3 promoter may cause the response of luciferase to 1% compression. Moreover, p38 inhibitor exerted a down-regulatory effect on MMP-3 promoter expression, although the inhibitory effect didn't reach a significant level. In the transgenic mouse OTM model, we again found increased expression of MMP-3 in response to mechanical force loading around the periodontal ligament. Conclusion Mechanical force can stimulate MMP-3 expression, possibly through the p38 MAPK pathway, with its strongest signal occurring at 24 h. The mechanical responsiveness in MMP-3 promoter regions can be observed in both humans and rodents in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fang Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bei-En Chang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Jung Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Liao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yi Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Liao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jane Chen
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chen Jane Yao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Behm C, Nemec M, Weissinger F, Rausch MA, Andrukhov O, Jonke E. MMPs and TIMPs Expression Levels in the Periodontal Ligament during Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6967. [PMID: 34203475 PMCID: PMC8268288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), applied orthodontic forces cause an extensive remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the periodontal ligament (PDL). This is mainly orchestrated by different types of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), which are both secreted by periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies already investigated the influence of applied orthodontic forces on the expression of MMPs and TIMPs. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the expression levels of MMPs and TIMPs during OTM and the influence of specific orthodontic force-related parameters. Methods: Electronic article search was performed on PubMed and Web of Science until 31 January 2021. Screenings of titles, abstracts and full texts were performed according to PRISMA, whereas eligibility criteria were defined for in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively, according to the PICO schema. Risk of bias assessment for in vitro studies was verified by specific methodological and reporting criteria. For in vivo studies, risk of bias assessment was adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for analytical cross-sectional study. Results: Electronic article search identified 3266 records, from which 28 in vitro and 12 in vivo studies were included. The studies showed that orthodontic forces mainly caused increased MMPs and TIMPs expression levels, whereas the exact effect may depend on various intervention and sample parameters and subject characteristics. Conclusion: This systematic review revealed that orthodontic forces induce a significant effect on MMPs and TIMPs in the PDL. This connection may contribute to the controlled depletion and formation of the PDLs' ECM at the compression and tension site, respectively, and finally to the highly regulated OTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Behm
- Clinical Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2A, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.B.); (M.N.); (M.A.R.); (E.J.)
- Competence Centre for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2A, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Michael Nemec
- Clinical Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2A, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.B.); (M.N.); (M.A.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Fabian Weissinger
- Competence Centre for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2A, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Marco Aoqi Rausch
- Clinical Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2A, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.B.); (M.N.); (M.A.R.); (E.J.)
- Competence Centre for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2A, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Competence Centre for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2A, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Erwin Jonke
- Clinical Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Sensengasse 2A, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.B.); (M.N.); (M.A.R.); (E.J.)
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10
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Lima TCDS, Amaro RG, Dos Santos LCM, Coste SC, Silva EFE, Barbato-Ferreira DA, Colosimo EA, Silva TAD, Bastos JV. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in replanted teeth with external root resorption: A cross-sectional study. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 129:105194. [PMID: 34147732 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in replanted permanent teeth with external root resorption (ERR). DESIGN The present cross-sectional study included 42 patients with replanted permanent teeth, presenting with progressive forms of ERR, and referred for extraction according to the rehabilitation treatment plan or due to root fractures. The control group consisted of 12 healthy premolars, from 5 patients with good periodontal health and no radiographic evidence of root resorption, referred for extraction for orthodontic reasons. Root fragments were processed soon after extraction, and the supernatant was collected to measure matrix metalloproteinase 2/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2/TIMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-9/TIMP-2) complexes through a double-ligand enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Case groups with external inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) or external replacement root resorption (ERRR) showed significantly higher levels of MMP-2/TIMP-2 and MMP-9/TIMP-2 complexes than the control group. Additionally, comparisons between the case groups demonstrated that the MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex also had significantly higher levels in the ERRR group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that MMP-2 and MMP-9 participate in the pathobiology of both types of ERR. In addition, the higher levels of MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex in the ERRR group support common modulation mechanisms with physiological bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago César da Silva Lima
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roberta Gabriela Amaro
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Sylvia Cury Coste
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernandes E Silva
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Enrico Antônio Colosimo
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida da Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Vilela Bastos
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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11
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Kapoor P, Monga N, Kharbanda OP, Kapila S, Miglani R, Moganty R. Effect of orthodontic forces on levels of enzymes in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF): A systematic review. Dental Press J Orthod 2020; 24:40.e1-40.e22. [PMID: 31116284 PMCID: PMC6526765 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.24.2.40.e1-22.onl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Orthodontic force application releases multiple enzymes in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) for activation, resorption, reversal, deposition of osseous elements and extracellular matrix degradation. The current systematic review critically evaluated all existing evidence on enzymes in orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: Literature was searched with predetermined search strategy on electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase), along with hand search. Results: Initial search identified 652 studies, shortlisted to 52 studies based on PRISMA. Quality assessment further led to final inclusion of 48 studies (13 moderately and 35 highly sensitive studies). Primary outcomes are significant upregulation in GCF levels of enzymes-aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), β-glucuronidase (βG), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), acid phosphatase (ACP) and down regulation in cathepsin B (Cb). Site specificity is shown by ALP, TRAP, AST, LDH, MMP9 with levels at compression site increasing earlier and in higher quantities compared with tension site. ALP levels are higher at tension site only in retention. A positive correlation of LDH, ALP and AST is also observed with increasing orthodontic force magnitude. Conclusions: A strong evidence of variation in enzymes (ALP, AST, ACP TRAP, LDH, MMPs, Cb) in GCF is found in association with different magnitude, stages and sites of orthodontic force application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kapoor
- Jamia Millia Islamia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics (New Delhi, India)
| | - Nitika Monga
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Centre for Dental Education and Research, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities (New Delhi, India)
| | - Om Prakash Kharbanda
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Centre for Dental Education and Research, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities (New Delhi, India)
| | - Sunil Kapila
- University of California San Francisco, Division of Orthodontics (San Francisco/CA, USA)
| | - Ragini Miglani
- Jamia Millia Islamia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics (New Delhi, India)
| | - Rajeswari Moganty
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences,Department of Biochemistry (New Delhi, India)
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12
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Gujar AN, Baeshen HA, Alhazmi A, Bhandi S, Raj AT, Patil S, Birkhed D. Cytokine levels in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic treatment with aligners compared to conventional labial fixed appliances: a 3-week clinical study. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:474-481. [PMID: 31027423 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1607548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To test the hypothesis that the levels of IL-1ß and TNF-α increased more and IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 increased less, after 3 weeks of treatment with conventional labial fixed appliance and with aligners. Material and methods: Forty patients who were treated either with labial brackets (n = 20) or aligners (n = 20). Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected at baseline and after 21 days. Cytokine levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (POB) were also examined. Results: The levels of IL-1α, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in the GCF were significantly increased in both groups. The levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 increased more in patients treated with aligners compared to those treated by labial fixed appliances. There was a statistically significant difference in change of the mean cytokine levels of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α compared to labial fixed appliances and aligners. Conclusions: The levels of the six studied cytokines in GCF (IL-1α, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) increased after 3 weeks both after treatment with conventional labial fixed appliance and with aligners. IL-1ß and TNF-α showed a prominent increase compared to the other cytokines in the GCF of teeth by both the labial fixed appliance and aligners. However, there were only minor differences in the changes of the cytokine levels from baseline to 3 weeks between the two groups. There were no differences between the groups regarding PI, GI or POB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University and Alfarabi Private College for Dentistry and Nursing, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Alhazmi
- College of Dentistry Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- College of Dentistry Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Thirumal Raj
- Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | | | - Dowen Birkhed
- Professor Emeritus at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Afacan B, Öztürk VÖ, Geçgelen Cesur M, Köse T, Bostanci N. Effect of orthodontic force magnitude on cytokine networks in gingival crevicular fluid: a longitudinal randomized split-mouth study. Eur J Orthod 2018; 41:214-222. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjy068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beral Afacan
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın
| | - Veli Özgen Öztürk
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın
| | - Mine Geçgelen Cesur
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın
| | - Timur Köse
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Schmidt J, Guder U, Kreuz M, Löffler M, Kiess W, Hirsch C, Ziebolz D, Haak R. aMMP-8 in correlation to caries and periodontal condition in adolescents-results of the epidemiologic LIFE child study. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:449-460. [PMID: 28578462 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The suitability of a chairside aMMP-8 test in determination of periodontal inflammation and caries in adolescents was assessed. Secondly, the influence of orthodontic treatment on aMMP-8 test result was analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Within the LIFE Child study, 434 adolescents (10 to 18 years) were included. Clinical dental examinations comprised caries experience (DMF/T-Index), signs of periodontal inflammation (probing pocket depth, PPD; community periodontal index of treatment needs; CPITN) at six index teeth and oral hygiene (OH). Information about orthodontic appliances (OA) and socioeconomic status (SES) were obtained by validated questionnaires. Test's sensitivity and specificity to detect periodontal inflammation and carious lesions were evaluated. The influence of OA on the test result was analyzed (multivariate model). RESULTS No associations between age, gender, SES or OH, and test outcome were found (p > 0.05). Positive test results correlated to periodontal findings (CPITN, mean PPD; p < 0.001). However, for the detection of ≥ 1 site(s) with PPD ≥ 4 mm, the test's sensitivity and specificity were found to be 61 and 69%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed a higher probability for a positive test result in cases of fixed OA (odds ratio 5.02, 95% confidence interval 1.90-13.19). The test had no diagnostic value considering carious lesions. CONCLUSIONS The chairside aMMP-8 test does not reliably identify adolescents with periodontal inflammation. Positive test results were more frequent in case of OA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The chairside aMMP-8 test is no appropriate tool to screen children and adolescents neither for periodontal inflammation nor for carious lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Schmidt
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Guder
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Kreuz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Löffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthalstrasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthalstrasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthalstrasse 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Hirsch
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rainer Haak
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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15
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Alhadlaq AM. Biomarkers of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Systematic Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:578-87. [PMID: 26329414 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The analysis of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) may be an acceptable way to examine the ongoing biochemical processes associated with bone turnover during orthodontic tooth movement. If it is possible to biologically monitor and predict the outcome of orthodontic forces, then the management of appliances could be based on individual tissue responses, and the effectiveness of the treatment could be improved. METHODOLOGY A literature search was carried out in major databases, such as medline, EMBASE, cochrane library, web of science, google scholar and scopus for relevant studies. Publications in English between 2000 and 2014 which estimated GCF markers as indicators of orthodontic tooth movement were included. RESULTS The list of biomarkers available to date was compiled and presented in table format. Each biomarker is discussed separately based on the available evidence. CONCLUSION Several sensitive GCF markers are available to detect the biomechanical changes occurring during orthodontic tooth movement. Further focused research might help to analyze the sensitivity and reliability of these indicators, which in turn can lead to the development of chairside tests to assess the outcome of orthodontic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel M Alhadlaq
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, P.O. Box No. 60169 Riyadh-11545, Saudi Arabia, e-mail:
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