1
|
Gojevic T, Gelade K, Da Silva NT, Tulleneers B, Mullens W, Hansen D. Effects of low vs. moderate intense resistance exercise training combined with endurance exercise training in patients with heart failure: a randomized clinical trial†. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:e9-e12. [PMID: 37555298 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tin Gojevic
- REVAL/BIOMED-Rehabilitation Research Centre, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Kristof Gelade
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital East-Limburg, Algemeen secretariaat cardiologie ZOL Genk, campus Sint-Jan Genk, ZOL Genk, Genk, Belgium
| | - Natalia Turri Da Silva
- REVAL/BIOMED-Rehabilitation Research Centre, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bart Tulleneers
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital East-Limburg, Algemeen secretariaat cardiologie ZOL Genk, campus Sint-Jan Genk, ZOL Genk, Genk, Belgium
| | - Wilfried Mullens
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital East-Limburg, Algemeen secretariaat cardiologie ZOL Genk, campus Sint-Jan Genk, ZOL Genk, Genk, Belgium
| | - Dominique Hansen
- REVAL/BIOMED-Rehabilitation Research Centre, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kambič T, Hansen D, Harber MP. Resistance Training in Cardiac Rehabilitation: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2024; 44:79-82. [PMID: 38407806 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambič
- Department of Medical Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (Dr Kambič); Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium (Dr Hansen); BIOMED (Biomedical Research Institute) and REVAL (Rehabilitation Research Centre) (REVAL/BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium (Dr Hansen); and Clinical Exercise Physiology Program, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana (Dr Harber)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kambič T. Effects of low-load and high-load resistance training combined with aerobic training in patients with coronary artery disease: a dose-dependent randomised, controlled trial (PhD Academy Award). Br J Sports Med 2023; 57:1337-1338. [PMID: 37595991 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-107011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambič
- Department of Medical Sciences in Sport, University of Ljubljana Faculty of Sport, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Way KL, Thomas HJ, Parker L, Maiorana A, Keske MA, Scott D, Reed JL, Tieng J, Hackett D, Hawkins T, Latella C, Cordina R, Tran DL. Cluster Sets to Prescribe Interval Resistance Training: A Potential Method to Optimise Resistance Training Safety, Feasibility and Efficacy in Cardiac Patients. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:86. [PMID: 37725296 PMCID: PMC10509118 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00634-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The integration of resistance training for cardiac patients leads to important health outcomes that are not optimally obtained with aerobic exercise; these include an increase in muscle mass, maintenance of bone mineral density, and improvements in muscular fitness parameters. Despite the proliferation of evidence supporting resistance exercise in recent decades, the implementation of resistance training is underutilised, and prescription is often sub-optimal in cardiac patients. This is frequently associated with safety concerns and inadequate methods of practical exercise prescription. This review discusses the potential application of cluster sets to prescribe interval resistance training in cardiac populations. The addition of planned, regular passive intra-set rest periods (cluster sets) in resistance training (i.e., interval resistance training) may be a practical solution for reducing the magnitude of haemodynamic responses observed with traditional resistance training. This interval resistance training approach may be a more suitable option for cardiac patients. Additionally, many cardiac patients present with impaired exercise tolerance; this model of interval resistance training may be a more suitable option to reduce fatigue, increase patient tolerance and enhance performance to these workloads. Practical strategies to implement interval resistance training for cardiac patients are also discussed. Preliminary evidence suggests that interval resistance training may lead to safer acute haemodynamic responses in cardiac patients. Future research is needed to determine the efficacy and feasibility of interval resistance training for health outcomes in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley L Way
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia.
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Hannah J Thomas
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Andrew Maiorana
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michelle A Keske
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - David Scott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Reed
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Tieng
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Daniel Hackett
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Tess Hawkins
- Concord Centre for STRONG Medicine, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord West, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Latella
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Rachael Cordina
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Derek L Tran
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- Human Performance Research Centre, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Moore Park, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brubaker PH, Nelson WB, Kitzman DW. Response by Brubaker et al to Letter Regarding "A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Resistance Training Added to Caloric Restriction Plus Aerobic Exercise Training in Obese Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction". Circ Heart Fail 2023; 16:e010419. [PMID: 37070429 PMCID: PMC10192000 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.123.010419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Brubaker
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC (P.H.B.)
| | - W Benjamin Nelson
- Section on Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (B.N., D.W.K.)
| | - Dalane W Kitzman
- Section on Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (B.N., D.W.K.)
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (D.W.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anabolic and Inflammatory Response to High- and Low-Load Resistance Training in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2023:01273116-990000000-00076. [PMID: 36867715 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
|
7
|
Kambic T, Šarabon N, Lainscak M, Hadžić V. Combined resistance training with aerobic training improves physical performance in patients with coronary artery disease: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled clinical trial. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:909385. [PMID: 36093154 PMCID: PMC9448883 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.909385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy of combined resistance training (RT) and aerobic training (AT) compared with AT alone is well established in cardiac rehabilitation (CR); however, it remains to be elucidated whether RT load (high load [HL] vs. low load [LL]) modifies the outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of HL-RT and LL-RT combined with AT in comparison to AT alone on body composition and physical performance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) enrolled in phase II CR. Methods We randomized 79 patients with a stable CAD to 12 weeks of lower limb LL-RT + AT (35-40% of one repetition maximum [1-RM]; n = 28), HL-RT + AT (70-80% of 1-RM; n = 26), or AT (n = 25). Fifty-nine patients (75% men) with mean (standard deviation) age 61 (8) years and left ventricular ejection fraction 53 (9)% completed LL-RT (n = 19), HL-RT (n = 21) and AT (n = 19). Body composition and physical performance (upper and lower submaximal muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and mobility) were measured at baseline and post-training. Results Training intervention had no significant impact on time × group interaction in the body composition measures. There was a significant time × group interaction for the gait speed test, chair sit-and-reach test, arm curl test, Stork balance test, up and go test, STS-5, and 6-min walk distance (p-values ≤ 0.001-0.04) following the training intervention. After the training intervention, HL-RT improved gait speed (+12%, p = 0.044), arm curl (+13%, p = 0.037), and time of Up and Go test (+9%, p < 0.001) to a greater extent compared with AT group, while there was a greater improvement in time of Up and Go test (+18%, p < 0.001) and time of five sit-to-stand tests (+14%, p = 0.016) following LL-RT when compared with AT. There were no differences between HL-RT and LL-RT in post-training improvement in any of the physical performance measures. Conclusion The combination of AT with HL-RT or LL-RT promoted similar improvements in physical performance, which were superior to AT. Therefore, both types of combined AT and RT can be applied to patients with CAD. Clinical trial registration [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04638764] Identifier [NCT04638764].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambic
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Research and Education, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Rakičan, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
- Human Health Department, InnoRenew CoE, Izola, Slovenia
- Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behaviour S2P, Science to Practice, Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Lainscak
- Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vedran Hadžić
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kambic T, Šarabon N, Hadžić V, Lainscak M. High-Load and Low-Load Resistance Exercise in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: Feasibility and Safety of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133567. [PMID: 35806853 PMCID: PMC9267855 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance exercise (RE) remains underused in cardiac rehabilitation; therefore, there is insufficient evidence on safety, feasibility, and hemodynamic adaptations to high-load (HL) and low-load (LL) RE in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to compare the safety, feasibility of HL-RE and LL-RE when combined with aerobic exercise (AE), and hemodynamic adaptations to HL and LL resistance exercise following the intervention. Seventy-nine patients with CAD were randomized either to HL-RE (70−80% of one-repetition maximum [1-RM]) and AE, LL-RE (35−40% of 1-RM) and AE or solely AE (50−80% of maximal power output) as a standard care, and 59 patients completed this study. We assessed safety and feasibility of HL-RE and LL-RE and we measured 1-RM on leg extension machine and hemodynamic response during HL- and LL-RE at baseline and post-training. The training intervention was safe, well tolerated, and completed without any adverse events. Adherence to RE protocols was excellent (100%). LL-RE was better tolerated than HL-RE, especially from the third to the final mesocycle of this study (Borgs’ 0−10 scale difference: 1−2 points; p = 0.001−0.048). Improvement in 1-RM was greater following HL-RE (+31%, p < 0.001) and LL-RE (+23%, p < 0.001) compared with AE. Participation in HL-RE and LL-RE resulted in a decreased rating of perceived exertion during post-training HL- and LL-RE, but in the absence of post-training hemodynamic adaptations. The implementation of HL-RE or LL-RE combined with AE was safe, well tolerated and can be applied in the early phase of cardiac rehabilitation for patients with stable CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambic
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Research and Education, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Ulica dr. Vrbnjaka 6, Rakičan, 9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (M.L.); Tel.: +386-(02)-5123-238 (T.K.); +386-(02)-5123-733 (M.L.)
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;
- InnoRenew CoE, Human Health Department, Livade 6, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
- S2P, Science to Practice, Ltd., Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, Tehnološki Park 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vedran Hadžić
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova Ulica 22, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Mitja Lainscak
- Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Ulica dr. Vrbnjaka 6, Rakičan, 9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (M.L.); Tel.: +386-(02)-5123-238 (T.K.); +386-(02)-5123-733 (M.L.)
| |
Collapse
|